HIST  O  R  Y 


CLOSK  OF  THE  REVOLITIONARV   Vv'AK  TO  JULY 


M  !.!•:  M    !  M  .     M  \N  N      I'l    K-i  >N  \l       .-  k  I    I  >    1 1  1    -     •  >  I      I'll  >\  I    I    !'  -  .      \\  I  i    In  >  I  I  >,     -\ ' 

1    M  I  IIM    I         l>!   M    Kll'l  H  >N>       til        I  \  I   N  I  v        I  I   1<  I    \IM\l.        H>        1  It  I 

nK<.\M/\IH'N     i'l       I  III      (  01  N  n      \  M>     I  I  -      I  !•: «  "  .  K  I  -  >. 


Entered  according  10  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  Year  1880, 

BY    WILLIAM    LANG, 
In  the  Office  of  the  Librarian  of  Congress,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 


TO   T1IK    YofNU    MKN    AND    YOfNii    WOMKN   oK   >KNK(  A    fOTNTY. 
<  HILDUKN    AM)   (JKAND-<   HII.DKK.N 

<>K  TIIK   IMO\KI:K   KATIIKI^   AND   MOTMKKS. 

THIS  BOOK  is  KINDLY  ASCRIBED, 

WITH    1IIK    HOI-K   THAT   THK     I'Kltr^AL    <>K    H>    l'A<;K> 

MAY     I'KND    r<>    IN--I'II;K    NK\V    I.OVK    AND    \  KNKKATIUN 

K<iK   THAT    Niir.l.K   ol.l)    HAND   oK    MKN    AND    WOMKN. 

Now    KAI'IDI.Y    l'A^>IN<i    AWAY. 
AND   To    AI'PKKl   I  A  TK    1'KOl'K  I!  I.  Y    THK    Kl<    II    I.KOAcY 

i  m:i  i:   \  \  i.<>i:  11  A^  I;I-:OI-KA  nii':D. 

\\\     THK    At  THOU 


P  R  E  F  A  C  F. 


S(  )  \l  I  •'.  fifteen  vearsaLio  1  cherished  a  desire  to  \vriii-a  history  of 
Seiiet  a  (  ounty.  Want  of  confidence  in  my  ability  to  do  justice  to 
•lie  subject,  con tlic ted  with  this  desire  for  many  v  car-;,  until  finally,  about 
OIK-  vear  a^o.  at  the  solicitation  <>t  friends.  I  commenced  the  work  in 
earnest  ami  prosecuted  it  with  such  ability  ami  industry  as  I  had  at 
my  command. 

1  had  collected  material  tor  this  purpose  many  vcars.  without  regard 
to  order.  My  task  required  close  application  and  patient  labor,  but  I 
Ibund  consolation  in  the  thought  that  I  was  ett^a^ed  in  a  work  of 
gratitude  and  paying  a  debt  ot  friendship  I  owed  to  the  memories  of 
the  generous  and  noble  men  and  women  who,  nearly  fifty  years  a,uro. 
stretched  the  hand  of  welcome  to  an  exiled  boy  in  a  strange  land  and 
amonu  strangers.  Thus  my  work  became  a  source  ot  pleasure,  and 
now,  that  1  am  about  presenting  it  to  the  public.  I  wish  to  add  that 
nothing  lias  been  set  down  in  malice.  Truth  requires  that  the  shadv 
side  shall  accompany  the  li.uht.  else  the  pii  ture  be  deficient. 

1  have  faithfuilv  entleavored  toa\oid  errors,  but  have  no  doubt  some 
mav  be  t'ound.  therefore  <  laim  no  perlection  tor  the  work. 

IlaviiiL;  lived  in  Seneca  counts  Irom  my  boyhood,  and  taken  an 
active  part  in  publii  lite,  I  became  identified  with  manv  affairs  in  the 
progress  oi  events:  and  si  net.-  I  loiind  it  iu-cessary  to  <  onneci  mv  own 
name  with  some  <>t  the  scenes  I  describe,  the  reader  will  please  c\.  use 
the  liberty  1  took,  tor  it  I  know  mv  own  nature,  there  is  v  er\  little 
e^ot  ism  iu  ;ts  make  up. 

1   wrote  ;u  a  (  onversational    way.  and    with    the 
which   I   w  ould  talk  t<  >  a  triend. 

Mv  intention  was  to  pas-,  betore  the  mind's  eve 
and  laithlul  panorama  ot  >enec.i  (ounlv.  trom  the  time  she  broke  her 
ban<U  of  "forest  wild"  to  lulv.  iSSo;  and  to  do  justice  to  the  meiiiorv 
of  the  men  and  women  who  figured  upon  the  -i.i^e  of  her  progress 
during  that  tune.  I'his  \\a^  the  hei^hi  o(  mv  amlntion.  rid  th<-  reader 
i-.  left  to  hinisrll  to  judue  whether  1  have  succeeded.  Me  will.  |  .im 
s'ure.  uive  me  (  red:!  at  least,  tor  JU'C-M -ntin^  to  h:m  a  vari-  :\  of  siibiei  !- 
in  a  pi.  i  MI,  '  o!  up  re  hen  si  ble  wav  .  w  ;t  hout  report  in  ^  ;o  etheri  il  t!i^!:ts 
and  s  i  r  •  ' '  1 . !  1 1  L:  :  1 1 1  c  r  1 1 !  LT  h  •>  >  <  u  i ;  •  i  n  i  _  '  e  r  n  i  •-  !  o  e  \  i  >  r  •  -  s  a  -c\]i-\<f.~  •  i :  o  u  i :  • 


6  I'RKFACK. 

Many  biographical  sketches  arc  scattered  through  the  work— pen 
pi<  tures  of  men  and  women,  as  they  appeared  to  me.  These  may  also 
not  be  perfect,  but  some  of  them  will  seem  natural  to  the  reader  that 
knew  the  persons. 

It  is  a  source  of  regret  to  me  that  some  people  in  Seneca  count}', 
who  had  it  in  their  power  to  furnish  material  ior  this  enterprise,  took 
no  interest  in  it.  and  in  consequence,  many  valuable  points  may  have 
been  overlooked:  but  1  take  great  pleasure  in  expressing  gratitude  to 
all  who  were  so  friendly  as  to  aid  me  in  my  researches. 

My  especial  thanks  are  hereby  tendered  to  Dr.  ('.  (i.  C'omegys.  of 
Cincinnati,  a  son-in-law,  and  to  Miss  Diathea  Madison  Tiffin,  of 
Chillicothc.  a  daughter,  of  (iovernor  Tiffin,  lor  valuable  material  found 
in  the  life  of  the  illustrious  (iovernor:  and  to  the  gentlemanly  editors 
of  the  newspapers  of  Tiffin:  to  the  several  count}-  officers,  who  have 
so  willingly  and  courteously  assisted  me  in  searching  records. 

To  Mrs.  Sail}  Ingham.  to  the  Rev.  Joseph  Bever,  Mr.  Charles  W. 
Foster.  Klder  Lewis  Seit/.  Dr.  H.  Williams,  Esquire  Kelley.  Dr.  [.  \V. 
Crawford.  Dr.  |.  C.  Myers,  Hon.  James  Ptirdy.  ol  Mansfield.  Mr. 
Luther  A.  Hall.  Mr.  N.  L.  Brewer,  Mr.  I).  V.  Flummerfelt.  Mr.  Mark  A. 
Harris.  Judge  Hugh  Welsh.  Mrs.  T.  Stanley,  Mrs.  R.  R.  McMeens.  J. 
H.  Pittenger.  Esq..  Father  Evrard,  Father  Healey.  Rev.  J.  H.  C.ood. 
D.  I).,  Mrs.  Ceo.  Strausbaugh.  Dr.  A.  A.  Rawson.  of  Iowa,  fudge 
Pillars,  (iovernor  Charles  Foster,  and  to  man}'  others.  1  tender  my 
sincere  thanks. 

Proper  credit  has  been  given  to  the  authorities  I  consulted,  but  if 
any  omissions  have  occurred,  I  desire  to  make  the  proper  apology  here. 

Conscious  of  having  pursued  and  prosecuted  this  labor  with  none 
other  than  the  best  of  motives,  to  preserve  from  the  tooth  of  time,  for 
a  while,  scenes  and  events  that  helped  to  make  up  the  history  of  this 
good  old  count}  of  ours:  regretting  that  some  abler  pen  did  not  take- 
up  the  task:  knowing  lull  well  also  that  my  shortcomings  will  pass 
through  the  usual  ordeal  of  criticism.  I  can  only  fall  back  upon  my 
old  motto  that  has  guided  my  life,  and  I  fear,  ma}'  at  times,  have  given 
unintentional  offence: 

••|'i;ri!\  of  motive  mid  nobility  of  mind 

Sl-nll  rarely  ronrk.-ri.il. 1 

To  j>mvr  it-  riylits  ami  prate  of  svnm^s  to  otlirr> 

Ami  il  shall  In-  small  rare 

To  ilir.  l,;-li  anil  happy  conscience 


••>:  "-CO  NT  E  N  TS 


<   HAITI.  K    I 

BATTLE  OK   KCRT    STEKHENSON     HARRISON   AND    CROGHAN      KORT  SENECA 
WIPINGST1CK      PERKY  S  VICTORY  ON  I.AKKKRIE     BATTLE  OK  TH  E  T  H  AMIS 
DEATH    OK   TECUMSEH. 

(     HAITI.  R     II. 

KOURTH  OK  JULY  CELEBRATION  ON  HUT-IN.  BAY  MONUMENTAL  ASSOCIATION 
LAYING  OK  THE  CORNER  STONE  SPEECHES  OK  EL  COOK  AND  UK 
PARSONS. 

<   H  UTI-.K    III. 

PLACE  TREATIES  RESERVATIONS  CESSIONS  EM  iGRANTS  ARRIVING  WARS 
BETWEEN  THE  WYANL'OTS  AND  SENEGAS  SPEECH  OK  LOGAN  AND  HIS 
DEATH 

(   HAITI.  K    IV. 

HARRISON  IN  COUNCIL  WITH  THE  INDIANS  CROGHAN  S  DEFENSE  Oh 
HARRISON  BLUE  JACKET  AND  BEAVEK  BLUE  JACKETS  DEATH  ARMN 
ROADS  THOMAS  CORWIN  j  AM  ES  MONTGOM  ERY  J  AM  KS  T.  WORT  H  I  NGTON 

CHAP  I  l.l^V 

SPEECH  CK  ISAAC  1.  DUMOND  SAMUEL  CRCWELLS  CONTRIBUTION  THE 
DOG-DANCE-SO  W-DOWS-KY. 


VI. 

LARLY  SETTLERS  THE  HARRIS  KAMILY  ROBBER  Y  OK  SP1CER  THE  BRUSH 
DAM  PETER  PORK  JACOB  KN  ISKLY  AN  D  C  ROW  GOING  TO  MILL  KILLING 
WITCHES  THE  KIRST  HORSE-RACE. 

CHA1TI-.K    VII. 

1HE    SENECA   CHIEK    PRESENTS   THE   GOVERNOR   OK   CANADA    WITH   <)S4   AMER- 
ICAN   SCALPS     TALL     CHIEK     THE     TUQL'AMAS      KILLING    THE    SQUAW     OK 
GEORGE    WASHINGTON     JUDGE    HULBURT     CALEB    KICK      BKNJ     CULVER 
REV.   JAMES    KINLAY      CAPT.   JOSEPH      MRS.    INGHAM. 


LEA'IHOK  COMSIOCK  SENECA  STEEL  l-.X  i-  C  I1  I  ION  Ol  S  1  .NEC  A  JOH  N  TRIAL 
AND  DISCHARGE  OK  COONSTICK  JUDGE  HIGGIN'S  DECISltlN  |l  DGt 
BIRCHARDS  STATEMENT  BENJAMIN  I- .  WARNER  1IAKI)  HICKORY  AM, 
HIS  DEATH  IMMIGRATION  OK  THE  SENECAS  TO  THE  NEOSHA  AND  COW 
SKIN  RIVERS  CHARLIEU  THE  G1RTYS  THE  DEAIH  OF  DRAKE 


8  rONTKNTS. 

CHAPTER   IX. 

ROCKY  CREEK  FORT  BALL-COL.  BALL  ATTACKED  BY  INDIANS-ERASTUS 
BOWE -OAKLEY  NEW  FORT  BALL  FIRST  POST  OFFICE  —  MILLS-  ARM- 
STRONG AND  McCULLOCH  SECTIONS  EARLY  SETTLERS  IN  FORT  BALL- 
LOCATION  OF  THE  COUNTY  SEAT-HUNTER'S  MILL  EARLY  SETTLERS  IN 
THOMPSON.  ON  HONEY  CREEK  AND  ROCKY  CREEK  MELMORE— COL.  KIL- 
BOURNE  HARRY  BLACKMAN'S  CORNERS  ANCIENT  FORTIFICATIONS-COL. 
RICHARD  JACQUA. 


CHAPTER  X. 

FIRST  MERIDIAN-  BASE  LINE  —  TOWNSHIPS  —  RANGES -SECTIONS- GENERAL 
SURVEY-  ORGANIZATION  OF  SENECA  COUNTY— THE  OLD  COURT  HOUSE- 
FIRST  COURT --FIRST  ELECTION-FIRST  MEETING  OF  THE  BOARD  OF 
COUNTY  COMMISSIONERS -APPOINTMENT  OF  OFFICERS— BUILDING  THE 
FIRST  JAILRUDOLPHUS  DICKINSON-SALE  OF  THE  RESERVATIONS. 


CHAPTER  XI. 

JESSE  SPENCER -COUNTY  ROAD  FROM  FORT  BALL  TO  TIFFIN -WOLF  SCALPS 
ORGANIZING  TOWNSHIPS  IN  CRAWFORD  COUNTY  -BUILDING  THE  FIRST 
BRIDGE— FIRST  KILN  OF  BRICKS-DAVID  BISHOP-ORGANIZING  ALL  THE 
TOWNSHIPS-HISTORY  OF  THE  BUILDING.  THE  BURNING  AND  THE  RE- 
BUILDING OF  THE  COURT  HOUSE— BUILDING  THE  STONE  JAIL-THE  NEW 
JAIL. 


CHAPTER   XII. 

THE  WOOD-CHOPPER     HOW  TO  BUILD  A  CABIN— THE  DIFFERENCE   BETWEEN 
THE     SETTLERS  —  THEIR     BENEVOLENCE     AND     HOSPITALITY  -    PIONEER 
GIRLS        RUSTIC    FURNITURE  —  THE    HOMINY    BLOCK     -  THE    HANDMILL 
GOING    TO    MEETING     INDIAN  VISITORS  -NATURAL    FANNING    MILL-"THE 
LIFE   IN  THE   WOODS   FOR   M  E"  -HOME-MADE  CLOTH-YOUNG  AMERICA. 


CHAPTER  xm- 

GOVERNOR   EDWARD  TIFFIN-A  BIOGRAPHY. 


CHAPTER   XIV. 

SPENCER  vs.  HEDGES  -THE  BRUSH-DAM  CASE  THE  FIRST  JURY  TRIAL  - 
BROUSE  THE  SUGAR  CAMP  INDIAN  WAY  OF  COOKING  COON  FOREST 
CULTURE  SCARCITY  OF  MONEY  WORK  ON  THE  CANAL-JIGGERS  AND 
CHICHA  THE  MIAMI,  DAYTON  AND  MICHIGAN  CANAL-CANAL  TAX  OF 
SENECA  COUNTY. 


CHAPTER   XV. 

SANDUSKY  RIVER  AND  THE  CREEKS  IN  SENECA  COUNTY  TOPOGRAPHY  AND 
GEOLOGY  OF  THE  COUNTY. 


CHAPTER   XVI. 

JOSIAH  HEDGES  CHANGE  -FIRST  PLAT  OF  TIFFIN-THE  SAW-MILL-MIASMA 
—  FIRST  FRAME  HOUSES  FIRST  STORES  —  FIRST  BRICK  HOUSES --THE 
DUG-OUT  FIRST  HOTELS- BLACK-STRAP  — HENRY  GROSS,  Sr.  BREDOON'S 
DEATH— CRKEGER  FAMILY  THE  FAMILIES  OF  H  p;NRY  CRONISE.  HENRY 
LANG  AND  DR.  HOVER. 


foVIKNTs.  <) 

(   HAl'IKK    XVII. 

ADDITIONS  TO  TIFFIN     THE  BRIDGES   -THE  BURNING  OF  THE  FREE  BRIDGE 

CHOLERA     MR.   HOFFMAN     LITTLE    CHARLOTTE    JONNY   DALRYMHLE 
RAILROADS     FI RST  TRAI N   TO  TI FFI N     H El DELBERG  COLLEGE     LIVES  OF 
REV.  J.   H.  GOOD.  D.   L>.,    REV.  C.    V.  GERHART.    D.    D.,    AND     REV.    GEO.   W 
WILLARD.   D.   D. 


CHAI'TKK    XVIII. 


THE   CHURCHES. 


CIIAl'TKR    XIX. 

BIOGRAPHIES    OF     |OHN    GOODIN,    MRS.    ANN    SENEY,    R.    W.  SHAWHAN,    C. 
_  SNYDER.    GEO.     RUMMELL.    DAVID     E.    OWEN,   JUDGES  LUGENBEEL  AND 
PITTENGER,  JOHN  PITTINGER,   JOHN  AND   LOUISA  FIEGE.    C.  MUELLER 
WYANDOT  CHIEFS     MARK,  6TH   CHAP.,  aD  VERSE,   IN     MOHAWK. 


rii.MTKK    XX. 

SURPLUS    REVENUE     POLITICS     FIRST    POLITICAL     JOLLIFICATION     TIFFIN 
IN     THE     WOODS     TIFFIN     I NCORPOR  ATED -FI RST    TOWN     ELECTION     OF 
TIFFIN         INCORPORATION     AND     ONLY      ELECTION     OF      FORT     BALL 
INCORPORATION   OF  THE  CITY-FIRST    CITY    OFFICERS     PLANK     ROADS 
PIKES     TELEGRAPHS     THE  SCHOOLS  OF  TIFFIN. 


CHAI'IT.k    XXI. 

THE     BANKS    OF    TIFFIN      INSURANCE     COMPANIES     SECRET     AND      BENEV- 
OLENT SOCIETIES 


THE   BENCH   AND   BAR. 

CHArTl.k    XXIII. 

HE   BENCH   AND   BAR   CONTINUED. 


I     XXIV. 

DRS.   DREISBACH.    KUHN.     FISHER.     HOVEY.   AND  OTHERS     TIFFIN   MEDICAL 
SOCIETY     THE   AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY     THE    PRESS"    MESSRS.    LOOMIS. 
NAYLOR,     GROSS     THE     COUNTY     INFIRMARY     AGRICULTURAL     WORKS 
THE  GAS   LIGHT  COMPANY     THE     PIONEKR     ASSOCIATION     DHR    BRUDER- 
BUND     THE     PHILHARMONIC     SOCIETY      MRS.    HARRIET     CRAWFORD      UR 
JOHN    U.   O'CONNOR. 


THE  TOLEDO   WAR 


CHAITI.K    XXVI. 

SENECA   COUNTY     IN     THE     G  E  N  ER  A  I.    ASS  E  M  B  LY      SI   N  I.C  A   COUN  1  Y   ON    TH  I 
TAX    DUPLICATE      SOLDIERS    OF    THE     REVOLUTIONARY     WAR        OLDIERS 
OF     THE     WAR     OF     IMJ     SOLDIERS     IN      THE     WAR     WITH     MJ-.XICO      IM1K 
PENDENT   COMPANIES     OHIO    MILITIA. 


10  CONTENTS. 

CHAPTER  XXVII. 

SENECA  COUNTY  IN  THE  WAR  OF  THE  REBELLION. 


CHAPTER   XXVIII. 

DR.    ROBERT   R.   McMEENS. 


CHAPTER   XXIX. 

ADAMS  TOWNSHIP. 


CHAPTER   XXX. 

BIG   SPRING  TOWNSHIP. 


CHAPTER   XXXI. 

BLOOM  TOWNSHIP. 


CHAPTER  XXXII. 

CLINTON   TOWNSHIP. 


CHAPTER  XXXIII. 

EOEN  TOWNSHIP. 


CHAPTER   XXXIX 

HOPEWELL  TOWNSHIP. 


CHAPTER    XXXV. 

JACKSON  TOWNSHIP. 


CHAPTER   XXXVI. 

LIBERTY  TOWNSHIP. 


CHAPTER   XXXVII. 

LOUDON  TOWNSHIP. 


CHAPTER   XXXVIII 

PLEASANT    TOWNSHIP 


REED  TOWNSHIP. 
SCIPIO  TOWNSHIP 
SENECA  TOWNSHIP. 

CHAPTER   XI, II. 

THOMPSON   TOWNSHIP. 


CON  II   \  IN. 

CM  M'TI.K    XI. MI. 


VENICE   TOWNSHIP 


CII.MTKR    XI. IV. 

COUNTY  OFFICERS  TO  iSSo  INCLUSIVE.  AND  CONCLUSION. 


APPENDIX. 


THE  EARTHQUAKE     THE  GREAT   HURRICANE     THE  JERKS     THE   MORMONS 
SALUTATORY     OF     THE     VAN     BURENITE     THE     OLD    STATE     HOUSE     AND 
DIRGE  OF    THE   STATE   HOUSE   BELL     THE   TIFFIN    PAPERS 

CENTENNIAL  ORATION.  JULY  4.   ivo.   AND  CELEBRATION    IN   TIFFIN. 


INTRODUCTORY. 


K  great  and  bloody  struggle  of  the  Colonies,  through  a  lout;  seven 
1  years"  \var.  being  over,  tlie  British  Lion  retreated  growling  to  liis  den 
and.  following  the  Revolutionary  \Varat  the  Treaty  of  Paris  in  ITSo.  peace 
was  made  with  Kngland.  in  which  the  Independence  of  these  Colonies  was 
recognized. 

For  the  first  time  in  the  history  of  the  human  race,  the  intelligent  world 
saw  a  young  government  start  on  its  career  with  the  conscious  knowledge 
and  proud  proclamation  of  man's  capacity  for  self-government. 

TlitMi   tlio  L't-nius  <>i"  Kn-i'doiii 

Her  banner  unfurled, 
And  inspired   with  hope 

The  \vlioii-  civili/ed  world. 

But  as  the  waves  of  the  ocean  continue  to  lash  the  shore  long  after  the 
storm  has  ceased,  so  the  agitation  of  the  frontier,  between  the  settlers  and 
the  Indians,  continued  for  many  years. 

The  intense  passions  and  mutual  hatred  engendered  by  the  conllict  were 
not  allayed  by  the  Treaty  of  Paris.  When  the  British  forces  withdrew  to 
the  Canadas  or  across  the  Atlantic,  t he  Indians,  who.  long  before  and  during 
the  [{evolutionary  struggle,  were  a  source  of  constant  annoyance  to  the 
frontier  settlers,  still  remained. 

While  the  settlers  were  determined  to  get  possession  of  the  lands  of  the 
Indians,  the  Indians  \\ere  equally  determined  not  to  relinquish  their 
ancient  hunting  groin, ds.  The  life  and  property  of  the  frontiersman  were 
constantly  in  danger,  and  often  at  the  mercy  of  the  savages-  the  general 
government  having  neither  the  means  nor  military  to  afford  protection:  thus 
the  frontier  settler  was  left  to  his  fate  as  before.  Since  then  a  century  has 
rolled  off  into  ihe  ocean  of  time,  and  while  still  "Westward  the  course  of 
Kmpire  takes  its  wa\ ."  the  Indian  atrocities  upon  the  frontier  settlements 
continue  as  of  \ort-.  and  the  question  calls  into  requisition  the  wisest  of 
statesmanship  and  the  best  and  most  vigorous  policy  of  the  government  to 
meet  it.  The  indications  now  are  that  the  Indians  must  either  give  up  their 
nationality  and  savage  life,  and  become  citi/.ens  of  the  I'nited  States,  or  be 
exterminated. 

During  the  [{evolutionary  War  and  for  some  time  thereafter,  the  military 

I  nist  of  ili.-  1  Jrii  i-di  at  Detroit  supplied  I  he  savages,  throughout  the  Northwest. 

with    munition^   of    war.   and    encouraged     and    supported    them    in     their 

villainou>  depredations  upon  Hie  frontier. 

The  hot-bed  of  the  councils  of  the  savages  was  the  \V\andot  towns  along 


IN  I  Kohl  (.   I  l<  >N.  I  .} 

the  hanks  of  tin-  Samlu-k)  river,  of  \\hidi  I'pper  Samlu-kv  was  tin-  leading 
one.  Then-  was  a  con-taut  intercommunication  kt-pt  up  between  these 
Iinliaii  town.-  ami  Detroit.  This  slate  of  things  continued  for  a  Imii;  time 
after  the  Treats  of  Paris,  ami  until  tin-  British  evacuated  Detroit,  \\lu-n  the 
Indians  were  hnallv  thrown  upon  their  n\\n  re-ouice-  ami  compelled  to 
come  to  terms. 

Kven  in  tin-  late  \\ar  \\  itli  ( •  real  Hi  i tain,  alt er  II  nil's  surrender  ami  \\  ith 
tin-  l!riti>h  in  pos-e-sion  of  Detroit,  the  same  |>olic\  \\a^  inauirnratnl  unih-r 
<ifiieral  llartoe.  ami  the  Indians  \\ere  a^ain  maile  the  allies  nf  the  Itrilisli. 
a>-  we  shall  hereal'ter  M-e. 

Kxpedit ion>  \\eie  ^et  on  toot  against  the  l'.iiti>h  at  Detroit  ami  the  Imlians 
on  the  Samlu>k\ .  during  the  \\  ar.  h\  the  <  'oiitinentaH  'oiij,rressaml  at'terwanU 
h\  the  irovernmeut  o|'  the  States.  Fort  1'itt  ua>  a  small  yarrixm  in  the 
charire  ot  (ieneral  Irvine.  Here  all  the  ear!>  e\|>eilit ions  were  or^anix*-*!. 
«'oiiL,rress  licini;  I'lillv  a  ware  of  the  fart  that  all  the  terrihle  atrocities  alon^r 
the  lion  tier  weie  directed  and  supported  from  1  )etvoit .  and  in  order  to  hrinir 
p«-ace  to  the  bonier,  ordered  (.eneral  Lauidilin  Mclntosh.  from  the  regular 
arm>  .  to  mo\»-  upon  Detroit.  He  descended  the  ( )hio  river  with  a  force  of 
reirulars  and  militia  to  the  mouth  of  Keaver  river  in  October.  177s.  where 
he  established  the  lirst  militars  post  of  the  l'nite<l  States  bevoncl  the  frontier 
settlements.  <'oiiurn'ss.  ho\\c\er.  reliictantlv  snspcndctl  the  expedition 
against  Detroit  for  want  of  means  to  prosecute  it.  and  ordered  (ieneral 
Mclntosh  to  proceed  upon  and  destro\  the  Indian  towns  in  the  vicinity  that, 
in  his  opinion,  would  mo^t  etl'ect  uall>  tend  to  chastise  the  savages.  He 
thereupon  undertook  to  mo\e  upon  Saudusk\  and  destro\  the  \\'\andot 
tow  us.  He  started  with  one  thousand  men.  and  on  reaching  the  MuskiiiLrum 
in  the  present  couiit\  of  Tnscarawas.  he  built  a  fort  ami  called  it  Fort 
Laurence,  in  honor  of  tin-  President  of  Congress.  Leaving  Colonel  .lohn 
(fib-on  in  charge  of  this  pn-t  \\ith  iift\  men.  he  returned  uith  the  rest  of 
his  arm >  to  Fort  Pitt.  Fort  Lau  rem-e  u  as  the  lirst  militarx  post  established 
on  (  )hio  -ciil.  In  .\iiuru-t  tollo\\jim.  l-'oit  Laurence  uas  evacuated.  Thi- 
ended  the  lir-t  expedition.  I-'ort  Mclntosh  \\as  al-o  abandoned. 

An   ex)iediiion   for  the   -aim-  )>urpose.  under  Col.    15roadhea«l.  was  al-o  a 


The  lamentable  expedition  of  Col.  Crawford  falling  into  this  period  and 
iieinu  a  part  of  tin-  Ke\  olulionai'v  -1  ruu'ule.  occiirrini;  befoi-e  the  Treat),  of 
P.  in-,  and  t  he  sad.  terrible  com -In -ion  of  u  hich  took  place  -o  near  the  border 
o|  Seneca  count)  .  an  abstract  re  la  I  ion  of  the  -a  me  u  ill  mu  In-  mil  of  pi  act- 
in  the-e  pa^es. 

The  l!lili-|]  had  -llcceeded  ill  elllist  illU  illlo  their  service  all  the  -a  V  a  tie 
element  noriliuf-t  i.f  the  (>hio  river,  and  provided  Iln-m  v\ith  all  the 
rt-'|ui-ite  munitions  of  war. 

Deserters  from  the  a  rinv  under  \\ashinirton.  ri  maw  av  toi'iesand  despi-radoes 
1'roui  the  Colonie-.  unjied  \\ith  the  -avatres  to  make  their  continued  attack- 
upon  the  front  ier  a-  expressed  in  t  he  lantruaire  of  Lori  I  <  'hat  ham  :  "  Lett  inir 
loo-e  the  horrible  hell-hounds  of  savage  war." 


14  HISTOkN     ol 

The  Ilritish  directed  the  operations  agaiu.st  the  frontier  from  their  military 
post  at  Detroit,  where  Ilenrv  Hamilton,  a  vulgar  nillian.  was  in  command. 

The  Wyandots.  Seneeas  and  Sliawnees  were  the  principal  tribes  enlisted 
in  this  murderous  warfare.  Nearly  all  the  smaller  tribes  were  made  allies 
of  these.  The  Delawares  were  the  peaceable  nation  amongst  them  that  had 
not  joined  in  the  war  upon  the  frontier,  ami  even  these  eventually  became 
enemies. 

These  elements,  thus  combined  British,  savages,  lories  and  desperadoes, 
were  turned  loose  upon  peaceable  settlers,  upon  unarmed  men.  upon  helpless 
women  and  children.  They  extended  their  atrocities  all  along  the  western 
frontier  of  Pennsylvania  and  Virginia. 

The  effect  upon  the  frontier  people  can  better  be  imagined  than  described. 
Their  patient  endurance  became  exhausted.  It  became  now  a  war  to  the 
knife.  To  kill  an  Indian  was  a  source  of  pleasure,  and  at  the  same  time  a 
signal  for  attack  upon  the  settlement. 

In  a  letter  from  (ieneral  Washington  to  (ieneral  Irvine  at  Fort  Pitt. 
instructions  were  given  to  the  latter  in  these  words:  "Still  continue  to  keep 
yourself  informed  as  to  the  situation  at  Detroit,  and  the  strength  of  the 
enemy  at  that  place."  The  subject  of  another  expedition  against  Sandnsky 
became  quite  popular,  but  Irvine  hesitated,  and  at  first  rather  opposed  the 
project,  but  finally  yielded  to  the  popular  demand,  and  even  assisted  in  the 
enterprise. 

The  people  became  so  clamorous  in  urging  on  the  organization  as  to  demand 
of  (ieneral  Irvine  that  he  should  himself  lead. 

This  he  declined  to  do  for  want  of  authority  to  leave  his  post. 

The  expedition  was  thoroughly  considered  and  supported  by  the  best  of 
men  along  the  frontier.  No  one  doubted  its  propriety.  Kveryliody  saw  the 
necessit).  Sandusky  was  the  infernal  den  from  whence  came  all  their 
trouble.  Volunteers  (locked  in  from  every  side.  Then  the  place  for 
rende/voiis  was  fixed  at  Logan-town-at-Mingo.  •  Mingo  IJottom.  now  in 
Steuhenville  to\\  iiship.  .Jefferson  county.  ( )hio.  On  the  iMth  of  May.  ITsii. 
the\  met.  There  were  four  hundred  and  eight)  in  all.  William  Crawford 
waselei-ted  < 'o]oiiel .  a i id  Da\  id  Williamson.  David  ( iaddis.  .John  McClelland 
anil  one  IJrinton  were  elected  Field-Marshals. 

Kari\  in  the  morning  of  the  i!">th  da\  of  May.  the  arm),  under  Crawford, 
began  i!>  march  from  Mingo  I  lot  torn,  in  four  columns.  It  was  to  lead  in  the 
strai^rhtest  direction  through  the  woods  to  Sandusky.  a  distance  of  one 
hundred  and  lift;,  miles.  The  mute  lay  through  \\hat  now  constitutes  the 
conntie-  of  .Jefferson.  Harrison.  Tuscarawas.  Ashland.  Holmes.  Kichland. 
Cra  \\fonl  and  near  to  the  center  of  W\andot.  The  whole  distance  was 
through  a  den>e.  nnliroken  forest,  except  where  the)  reached  the  plains. 

Nothing  of  aii\  particular  interest  occurred  except  that  on  the  second  da) 
out  tuo  Indians  were  disco\ered.  The)  \\erc  shot  at.  but  being  missed. 


IN  I  KOIU  i  "I  U»N.  15 

"1'aliner  Spring."  so-called.  Taking  a  southwesterly  course,  and  receiving 
several  small  tributaries,  it  enters  Wyandot  county  about  two  miles  north  of 
the  southeast  corner,  and  pursues  that  course  generally  through  Wyandot. 
Seneca  and  Sandusky  to  the  bay .  a  distance  of  eighty  miles  from  its  source, 
along  the  stream.  Its  principal  tributaries  from  the  right  bank  are  the 
Mroken  Sword  and  Sycamore,  ami  from  the  left  the  IJttle  Sandusky  and 
Tymochtee.  in  ('raw ford  and  Wyandot  counties. 

The  army  was  now  approaching  the  enemy's  headquarter*.  Slover.  the 
guide,  who  had  been  amongst  the  Wyandots.  said  to  Crawford  that  they 
were  near  the  plains.  These  they  reached  on  the  next  day.  near  the  month 
of  a  small  stream  entering  the  Olentangy.  or  Whetstone. 

To  most  of  the  volunteers  the  sight  of  the  prairie,  or  plains,  was  a  novelty . 
The  islands  of  timber,  the  tall,  coarse  grass,  prairie  hens,  wild  geese,  ducks, 
prairie  owls.  etc..  attracted  their  attention.  Little  they  thought  and  less 
they  knew  of  the  sad  fate  that  awaited  them. 

How  happily  has  a  kind  Providence  drawn  a  curtain  between  man  and  his 
future: 

The  Olentangy  is  on  the  eastern  boundary  of  Wyandot  county.  The 
Tymochtee  is  on  the  west.  On  the  south  these  prairies  form  the  north 
part  of  Marion  county.  Their  extreme  length,  east  and  west.  Ls  forty 
miles;  their  extreme  breadth,  twenty  miles;  the  average  elevation  above 
lake  Krie.  three  hundred  feet. 

These  were  the  favored  hunting  grounds  of  the  savages,  and  to  which 
they  clung  with  a  tenacity  that  bordered  on  desperation.  The  army  camped 
alwMit  ten  miles  from  their  place  of  destination. 

The  next  morning,  the  -Ith  of  . I  line,  they  started  on  their  march,  with 
great  precaution,  in  a  northwesterly  direction,  and  reached  the  mouth  of 
the  Little  Sandusky .  where  they  found  1  mlian  trails  leading  in  every  direction. 
They  crossed  the  river  and  followed  a  trail,  but  discovered  no  Indians. 
Slover.  the  guide,  told  ( 'raw  ford  that  a  Wyandot  town  was  close  by.  A  little 
further  on  they  came  upon  the  town  1  mt  found  it  deserted.  ( 'raw  foul  ordered 
a  halt  for  consultation.  The  soldiers  dismounted  and  refreshed  themselves 
ami  their  horses  at  the  spring. 

This  forsaken  town  was  on  the  east  bank  of  the  Sandusky.  ami  about 
three  miles  south  of  the  present  town  of  I  'pper  Samlusky . 

The  Samlusky  of  the  Wyandots.  as  known  to  Slover  and  Xane.  the  guides. 
was  eight  miles  below  .  w  here  the  Kilboiini  road  crosses  the  ri\  er.  Here  w  as 
the  residence  of  I'omoacan  Half-King  as  he  was  called. 

(  M  all  the  Indian  allies  of  dreal  llritain.  the  Wyandots  were  the  most 
powerful,  because  they  w  ere  the  most  intelligent .  caused  by  their  association 
with  the  French  and  British.  In  their  treatment  of  prisoners  they  seldom, 
il  e\  er.  resorted  to  torture,  which  was  common  with  the  other  t  ribes. 

Aleut/  De  Peyster.  the  commander  at  Detroit,  had   sent    IJutler'*    rangers 
to  assist  the  Indians.     The  night   preceding  the  battle,  thesi 
limits  of  Seneca  county,  near  the   riser  in    Pleasant   lowu-l 
mounted  troop*,  and  had  two  field-piece*  and  a  mortar. 

The  Indians  who  had  watched  the  pi-ogre--*  of  Crawford  from  Mingo 
I  Sot  torn  to  the  Samlusky  .  had  marshaled  1  heir  hoM  and  w  ere  ready  for  act  ion. 
Their  com  I  lined  force*  great  I  \  outnumbered  those  of  Craw  ford. 


l'»  msrOKY    01-     SKNKCA    rOrXTY. 

The  st|iia\\s  and  children  had  been  sent  to  a  ravine  on  the  Tymochtee. 

Simon  <  iirt\  was  with  the  W  v  andots.  lie  was  an  I  rish  tory  and  an  adopted 
son  of  the  Seuecas.  who  had  captured  him  when  \  ouni;.  and  is  described  as 
a  tierce,  cruel  and  beast  1\  creature.  His  Indian  name  was  Katepocomen. 
which,  if  it  means  an\  thim;.  out,rht  to  mean  iln-fl.  He  had  been  liberated, 
and  having  returned  to  the  settlements  became  the  friend  of  Crawford, 
aspired  to  otlice  in  Westmoreland  county.  Pennsylvania,  failed,  voluntarily 
returned  to  saxan'e  life  and  'became  the  most  savage  of  the  savages.  His 
name  was  a  terror  alonij  the  ( )hio  river  and  throughout  the  northwest.  Vet 
when  Simon  Kenton  was  brought  to  Mac-a-chack  town  as  a  captive,  under 
sentence  of  death.  ( i irt\  ,urot  him  released. and  Kenton  bcin^  taken  to  Detroit 
as  a  prisoner  made  his  escape.  But  to  return.  It  was  now  one  o'clock  in 
the  afternoon.  Crawford  determined  to  pursue  the  trail  to  the  other  town. 
\\here  he  expected  to  lind  the  enemy.  At  a  point  about  one  mile  south  of 
the  present  I'pper  Sandusky.  Crawford  called  a  council  of  war.  Rose,  the 
Surtteon.  whom  General  Irvine  had  sent  alony-  with  the  expedition,  and 
Xanc.  advised  and  urired  an  immediate  return,  because  they  feared  that  the 
Indians  had  too  many  warriors  for  them.  Crawford  then  acquiesced,  but 
they  linalh  determined  to  pursue  their  inarch  that  afternoon  only  and  then 
return.  Immediately  scouts  came  hurrying  up  announcing  the  discovery  of 
the  enemy.  This  news  was  received  with  evident  satisfaction,  and  rapidly 
everything  was  put  in  readiness,  and  an  advance  ordered  to  meet  the  enemy. 

The  Indians  came  on  a  run  to  meet  the  troops.  The  Americans  drove  the 
savages  from  a  tf  rove  they  had  in  possession,  and  fronrthat  sheltered  position 
tired  upon  them  until  nitfht-fall.  This  ,UTOYC  is  known  by  the  name  of 
"Battle  Island."  situated  three  miles  north  and  one-half  mile  east  of  the 
court  house  in  I'pper  Sandusky.  When,  in  the  Summer  of  ls;>4.  I  visited 
the  battle  ground,  the  oak  trees  were  still  hearing  the  marks  of  the  bullets 
and  of  the  tomahawks  the  Indians  had  used  to  cut  out  the  bails. 

When  niu'ht  set  in  the  arms  built  their  camp  tires  and  collected  as  best 
the\  could  their  dead  and  wounded.  There  were  live  killed  and  nineteen 
wounded. 

On  the  mo  mini:  of  the  lift h  the  bait  le  was  renewed  at  lon.u:  rann'e  and  with 
lui  t  little  effect.  The  Americans  still  occupied  the  island  of  timber.  I  Mirinir 
thi->da\  the  Americans  lost  but  four  wounded.  Plans  were  now  discussed 
a>  to  the  manner  of  attack  on  the  next  day.  when  suddenly  the  scene 
changed.  The  appearance  of  Butler's  rangers  in  the  rear  of  the  Wyandots 
struck  disin;i\  into  the  hearts  of  the  arm\.  Crawford  abandoned  all  ideas 
of  an  attack  and  prepared  for  defense.  \\  hen  about  two  hundred  Shawnees 
were  discovered  supporting  the  1  >ela\\  ares  on  the  south.  "The\  kept  pouring 
in  from  all  sides'  are  the  words  of  Rose.  At  nine  o'clock  that  ni^ht  a 
ret  real  was  resolved  upon.  The  killed  were  buried  and  tires  burnt  over  their 
L.ria\e-  to  pievci.t  disco\er>.  Stretchers  were  made  to  earn  the  wounded. 
•  lu-l  a^  the  ana\  was  about  to  start,  an  attack  was  made  on  the  troops, 
which  Ihreu  them  into  <_rreat  confusion,  and  two  wounded  fell  into  the 
haihU  of  iheei:em\.  The\  didiioi  pursue  the  troops  ver\  far.  however,  not 
kiio\\inu  that  a  reli'eat  had  been  resolved  upon.  McClelland  was  reported 
killed.  William-oil  took  command.  Crawford,  his  son  and  son-in-law 
Harris  \\"ie  amount  the  missing.  The  ret  real  inn'  arm\  was  comi>elled  to 


i-iit  its  was  through  mounted  Indians  and  British  nivaln .  but  n-aclu-d  the 
»•<!•.(••  dt'  tin-  prairie,  at  tsvo  o'clock  of  tin-  afternoon  mi  tin-  second  das .  south 
«>t'  Hncsnis.  Thes  ssere  brought  to  a  stand  ni-ar  ( Ht-ntanuy  creek,  calli-d 
"  Kef  n-hoiiLr-she-con-se-ptiiii;"  hs  tin-  I>elassaies. 

I  lere  a  vas-t  nnniln-r  of  the  em-ins  osertook  tin-  retreat  ini;  arms  .  hut  after 
a  short  en^a'_rement  tlu-s  ssere  repulsed. 

\  rain  storm  now  swept  the  plains  in  un-at  furs.  The  nu-n  ssen-  drenched 
to  tin-  >kin.  Tin1  air  In-came  chills,  'i'lit-  mardi  \va>  continued  uhili-  the 
fin-ins.  folloss  im:.  kc|it  up  a  i-oiistant  lin-  upon  tln-m.  15s  niu'ht-fall  Un- 
arms n-ai-lu-d  Lfi-ss  jlh-.  forts  miles  from  tin-  battle  ground  on  Hattle  Islainl. 
sshere  tln-\  rin-ainpi'd.  Iravini.'  tin*  riii-niv  a  milt-  in  tin-  rear.  Tin-  arm\ 
n-achcd  M  iiiLr"  1  Soil  on  i  en  tin-  |:;tli  of  .1  nm-.  and  \\I-IT  ilisi-|iai  ufi-d  mi  tin-  m-\t 
da> .  Tin-  total  n  n  in  1  if  r  of  killed  and  missiipj:  did  not  t-xrci-il  si-\  fiit\ . 

\\'f  will  no\\  ],  .  ••  lo  fo|]o\\  up  tin-  fati-  of  poor  <'ra \\fonl  ami  his  fi-llou 
siitVfrt-rs. 

It  is  nndoiilitfdh  true,  that  inllif  nii/lit  attfi  the  last  da> 's  liattlt-  nt-ai 
tin-  IZTO\  c .  <  'i  a\\  t'ord  u  as  amongst  tliox-  \\liosf  liorsi's  '_.'ol  faM  in  the  muck. 
and  wliilf  t  r>  iiiLT  to  si\  f  tin- in.  ui- n-  left  In-hind  li\  I  hi-  n-t  n-at  iii'_r  ai  ni> .  I  It- 
\\a^  ht-ard  to  call  for  his  -mi  .|ohn.  and  for  his  soii-in-la\\  Harris,  in  tin- 
darkm-ss  ,.f  thi-  nii:lit.  !!••  also  .-alli-d  for  Major  l{o>.-.  and  his  n.-pht-u. 
\\'illiani  ( 'i  au  ford,  luit  nol.odv  could  conn-  to  help  him.  I  >r.  Kniu'lit.  \\  1m 
now  calm-  up  to  ( 'rau  lord,  told  him  thai  In-  l»flif\i-d  the  others  wen-  all 
ahead  of  them:  hut  (rau  lord  thought  other\\  ise.  and  lifted  of  the  doctor 
not  to  lea\f  him.  His  Imr-e  uas  iisi-less.  and  he  coni|ilained  of  the  troojis 
foi-  thus  h-a\inur  him.  At  this  time  an  old  man  and  a  l>o\  came  up  to 
( 'raw  ford,  and  the  doctor  and  all  started  on  a  sniithu  esierlv  course,  and 
arrixed  near  the  eranlif rrs  marsh  whej-e  some  of  the  \olunteers  \\ere  also 
stni'_rurlim,r  to  -_ret  their  s\\  ainjied  horses  out  of  theoo/\  ^oil.  \o\\  Ci'a  \\ford 
and  hi^  paiM\  took  a  northerl>  course,  and  reaching  a  j'oint  al'ont  two  mile- 
north  from  t  he  hail  If  Lrrmind.  t In- >  stai  ted  on  a  course  dm-  east .  guided  l>\  tin- 
North  ^lar.  At  midnight  thes  readii-d  the  Sand-iisk\  riser  near  the  mouth 
ot  Neurro  Itun.  The  old  man  tailing  In-hind.  si-M-ra!  times  called  for  the 
other-,  to  \\ait.  An  Indian  \\as  heard  to  halloo,  and  nothinur  further  \\a^ 
seen  of  the  old  man.  The  part)  passed  on.  At  tuo  o'clock  next  afternoon 
<  apt .  Minus  ii\  crtnok  ' '"'  !'•"  ' )  •  A  fler  an  hour's  t  ra\  el  some  on  h<  'fsehack 
and  others  on  foot .  Lie u tenant  A  side \  In-in^  \\  oundeil.  and  a  di'e iidiinir  r;iin 
o\f rtakiiiL;  them,  \\hich  made  their  progress  \er\  slou.  the\  caiii)ied  t\\o 
miles  nm'lli  of  |!ue\riis.  The  next  inorninu;  lhe\  started  on  a  southeasterly 
eoiirsf.  and  lonml  a  deer  that  had  recentls  In-i-n  killed,  and  a  tomahawk 
i\in'_r  close  li\  it.  The\  slii-ed  the  lle-h  fi'om  the  1. ones,  and  \\  rappiiiL,' tin- 
\enison  in  the  skin,  took  it  alon^.  A  mile  1'nrlher  on  tln-\  sa\\  a  lire,  and 
If  It  the  \\oimded  oil  jeer  iii  charge  of  the  ho\  .  u  ith  orders  to  remain  In-hind. 
I 'pmi  examination  the\  came  to  the  conclusion  that  the  tin-  had  In-en  made 
l>>  I  heir  ou  n  men  t  he  pre\  joiis  da\ .  A  mo>t  latal  conclusion!  'l'he\  roasted 
t  hen  \  em  -on  and  \\  ei  e  a  1 10  ui  to  start  mi .  \s  ln-n  a  \  olimteer  came  up  to  t  IM-III 

and  told  them  that  he  had    killed    the   deer,  and   ahand -d  it   u  h.-n  he  heaid 

it'i-m  coming,  leai  iirj"  the\  \\ere  Indian^.  N'o\\  all  passcil  on  and  soon 
reached  the  trail  o!  the  retrealinu  arniv.  Knight  and  I5i^-_fs  propos,.,|  j,, 
lease  the  tra;!.  <  :a\\tord  O|,JM,-,-,|  the  plan,  ('rasslmd  and  Knight  sseiv 


iS  HisrokY  <>r  SKNICA  OU'NTY. 

afoot:  the  rest  on  horseback.  When  the  party  were  just  east  of  Leesville. 
three  Indians  jumped  up.  and  Dr.  Knight  took  aim  at  one.  but  Crawford 
called  to  him  not  to  lire.  One  of  the  Indians  ran  up  to  Crawford  and  took 
him  hs  the  hand.  The  other  walked  up  to  Knight  and  called  him  doctor, 
took  him  by  the  hand  and  said  he  had  seen  him  before.  The  party  had  fallen 
into  an  ambuscade  of  Delaware*,  whose  chief  was  Wingeiiund.  i  pronounced 
\Vin-tfe-iioonil  at  camp  only  half-mile  away.  ('apt.  Biggs  lired,  but  hit  no 
one.  An  Indian  told  Knight  to  call  his  people  up  or  they  would  all  be  killed, 
but  the  other  four  got  away  for  that  time.  Crawford  and  Knight  were 
capti\'es.  The  warriors  returned  to  camp  with  their  prisoners  and  raptured 
horses.  There  was  great  joy  upon  their  coming  into  camp  among  the 
saYages. 

The  Delawares  lived  among  the  Wyandots  by  mere  permission.  The 
burning  of  prisoners  was  kept  up  among  the  Delawares  when  the  Wyandots 
had  abandoned  it.  Their  chiefs.  "The  Pipe"  and  "  Wingennnd."  therefore 
were  under  the  necessity  of  obtaining  the  consent  of  the  Wyandot  chief 
before  they  conld  burn  a  captive.  This  consent  was  secured  by  a  stratagem. 

It  was  now  three  o'clock  Friday  afternoon.  June  seventh.  On  Sunday 
following  the  savages  brought  in  the  scalps  and  horses  of  Ashley  and  Biggs. 
The  others  again  escaped.  The  Delawares  had  nine  other  prisoners  besides 
Crawford  and  Knight.  Some  of  the  converted  Delawares.  who  had  gone 
back  to  heathenism,  also  brought  in  scalps  of  borderers.  The  chiefs  soon 
knew  that  Crawford  was  the  "Big  Captain."  Several  of  the  savages  were 
known  to  both  Crawford  and  Knight. 

On  Monday,  the  Kith  of  .June,  the  prisoners  were  ordered  to  march  to 
Sandusky.  the  "Half  King's"  town,  thirty-three  miles  away.  Crawford 
hoped  for  help  by  dirty.  Meeting  him  at  Sandusky.  he  offered  him  one 
thousand  dollars  if  he  would  save  his  life,  dirty  promised,  but  without  any 
intention  to  keep  his  word.  Crawford  saw  that  "The  Pipe"  was  very  much 
enraged  against  the  prisoners. 

On  Tuesday.  June  11.  "The  Pipe"  painted  all  the  fares  of  the  prisoners 
black,  and  told  Knight  to  go  to  the  Shawnces  town  and  see  his  friends. 
This  chief  kneu  Crawford  before  his  tribe  joined  the  enemy,  and  told  him 
that  he  \\oiild  have  him  shaved.  /.  < ..  adopted,  but  at  the  same  time  painted 
him  black  also.  Then  the  whole  party  stalled  for  the  \Vyandot  town,  eight 
miles  below.  A  short  distance  on  their  way  they  saw  four  of  their  comrades 
King  near  the  trail.  scaip"d.  At  the  spring  where  I'pper  Sandusks  now 
stands,  to  their  dismay,  another  trail  was  taken  northwestward  to  the 
Delaware  town  on  the  Tsmochtee. 

All  ideas  of  ho)"'  for  life  had  now  vanished.  When  they  reached  Little 
Tsmnchlee  creek,  in  what  is  now  Salem  township,  in  Wyandot  county,  the 
Indians  made  the  prisoners  sit  down.  Knight  was  put  in  the  charge  of  an 
Indian,  tn  lie  taken  to  the  Shawnees  town. 

The  x|iia\\s  and  boss  now  tomahawked  the  other  live  prisoners.  An  old 
sipiau  cut  .itf  the  head  of  McKinles  and  kicked  it  about  on  the  ground. 
The  s  o'ing  |  i,dian>  then  dashed  the  bloods  scalps  into  the  faces  of  <  'raw  ford 
and  Knight  several  t  inies. 

A_r:i;n  the\  siarted.  and  \\ere  ^non  met  hs  Simon  dirts  and  red 
\ .  v  !H  i  had  ci  Hue  in  en  j<  >s   the  scene  of  tori  lire. 


IN  I  KO[>IV  I  loN.  Uj 

U'innenuml  and  The  I'ipe  xvere  the  prime  movers  in  alienating  lite 
Delaxvares  from  their  frontier  friends  and  in  making  them  enemies.  Thev 
were  >o  bitter  in  their  hatred  of  the  Americans  that  their  cruelties  knew  no 
hounds.  Having  now  full  authority  over  their  prisoners,  the  on!)  ground 

for  hesitation  to  commence    the    process   of   torture    seemed    to    be    to   resolve 

upon  how  to  perform  it  in  the  most  hellish  manner.  As  the  part)  moved 
aloiitf  towards  Tymochtee.  everx  Indian  they  met  -truck  the  prisoner*, 
(iirtx  said:  ••  Is  that  doctor  Knight  ?"  Knight  said  xes.  and  offered  (iirty 
his  hand,  which  he  refused,  and  said  :  "Heirone:  voii  are  a  damned  rascal  !" 
The)  now  reached  Tymochtee  cn-ek.  and  were  about  three-quarter*  of  a 
mile  from  the  village,  which  was  further  down  the  creek. 

I  am  now  about  to  record  the  manner  of  Crawford's  death.  The  scenes 
the  poor  captives  had  to  pa.-.,  '•••ou^h  so  far.  are  of  theniselxe*  sickening, 
and  calculated  to  rouse  the  sv  mpathies  of  a  heart  of  stone.  The  task  creates 
a  chill,  and  the  pen  moves  reluctant!)  to  describe  an  act  so  fiendish,  brutal 
and  repulsive. 

"Man's  inhumanity  to  man."  it  should  be  remembered,  is  not  an  attribute 
that  characteri/es  exclusix elx  the  North  American  savage.  Masnot  Kurope. 
has  not  Asia,  has  not  America  equal  cause  to  blush  when  tracing  histories 
of  white  races?  Thousands  upon  thousands  fell  beneath  the  sword  of 
Mohammed  for  refusing  to  take  the  Koran.  Kurope.  dressed  in  Christian 
attire,  with  her  churches,  her  domes,  her  institutions  of  learning  and 
refinement,  burnt  her  mart)  rs  at  the  stake.  Mer  inquisitions,  her  "bridges 
of  siLThs."  her  blocks  and  guillotines  Blotted  the  paures  of  her  historx  w  ith  the 
blood  of  her  religious  and  political  victims,  while  our  own  dear  America 
I  MI  rut  her  witches  and  hum;  I,}  i  lakers  on  Boston  Common.  Is  the  di  lie  re  nee 
amongst  savages  found  onlv  in  color  or  race? 

About  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  on  the  eleventh  da)  of  June,  the 
savages  planted  a -take  in  the  ground  near  the  ri^ht  bank  of  Tvmochtee 
creek,  to  which  Crawford  was  tied.  The  Indian  men  then  -hot  powder  into 
Craxvford's  naked  hodv .  from  his  heels  to  his  head  until  lie  was  black  all 
over.  Not  less  than  sexeiitx  shots  were  tired  upon  him.  The)  cut  of!  both 
of  his  ears,  and  when  occasional  1)  the  throng  around  <  'raw  ford  w  on  Id  allow 
I  >r.  Kmu'ht  to  u'et  -i^ht  of  him.  tin-  blood  \\a-  running  down  both  sides  of 
his  In-ad.  Thev  built  a  rim:'  of  tire  around  the  -take  ami  w  it  bin  -i  x  or  -even 
vards  of  it.  it  wa*  made  of  *mall  hickorv  poles  and  when  burnt  quite 
through  in  the  middle,  leav  inur  the  ends  about  live  feet  lonu.  three  or  four 
Indian-  at  a  lime  would  each  take  one  of  these  hiirninu'  -lick-  and  hoid  the 
hurninir  parl  to  the  naked  hodv  of  Crawford,  alreadv  black  with  powder. 

The)    jilaced   t  he  HI  seK  e-  oil   each   side  of  hi  III   so  t  hat    Whichever  W  a)    he  Would 

run  around  the  post,  the)  met  him  with  these  burninur  fa-^ot-.  Some  ot  the 
squaws  took  bmad  pieces  of  chips  and  hark,  with  which  the)  threw 
quantities  of  hot  coals  and  ember-  on  him.  so  that  in  a  short  time  he  had  to 
walk  over  a  bed  of  coal-  and  hot  ashes. 

In  the  mid-i  ot  these  extreme  tortures  Crawford  called  to  dirtx  ami 
hcLT^ed  of  him  to  -hoot  him.  lid-fixing  n«  an-wer.  he  called  airain.  when 
Ciirtv  taiiiitinulv  teplidl  that  he  had  no  ^im.  and  nnninu  aiound  to  the 
Indian-  behind  him  laughed  hvarti!)  and  seemed  delighted  ai  the  hoiv.d 

scene. 


20  HIsloKN     Hi      SKNI.CA    COr.VIN. 

<tirt\  \\alked  up  to  Dr.  Knight  and  told  him  to  prepare  for  death  also: 
that  he  \\as  not  to  die  at  that  place,  but  \\  as  to  he  burnt  at  a  Shawnees  town. 

With  a  most  fearful  oath  lie  added  that  he  ithe  doeton  need  not  expect  to 
escape  death,  but  thai  he  would  suffer  it  in  all  its  extremities. 

He  asked  Knit: lit  \\  hether  lie  had  any  hopes  of  escaping  it.  hut  the  doctor 
was  too  much  absorbed  with  the  terrible  agonies  Colonel  Crawford  was 
imderiroinir  before  his  eyes  and  his  own  immediate  fate  harrowing  up  his 
soul,  that  he  made  dirty  no  answer. 

Crawford  bore  his  torments  with  the  most  manly  fortitude.  Several  times 
lie  \\as  heard  to  call  on  the  Almighty  to  have  mercy  on  his  soul.  Thus  he 
continued  in  all  these  extremities  of  pain  for  more  than  two  hours,  as  near 
as  Kniii'ht  could  judue.  when  he  laid  down  on  his  stomach.  The  savajjcs 
then  scalped  him  and  repeated!)  threw  the  bloody  scalp  into  poor  Knight's 
face,  telling  him  thai  was  the  "  15i^  Captain." 

An  old  si  1 1  law.  who  to  Knight  looked  more  like  Satan  than  a  human  bein°;. 
took  a  hoard  and  shoveled  coals  and  ashes  on  Crawford's  back  and  scalped 
head.  The  \\retdied  man  then  raised  himself  on  his  feet  attain  and  bewail 
to  \\  alk  around  the  post. 

The\  next  held  burning  sticks  to  his  body  as  before,  and  Knight  was  taken 
a\\  a\  from  I  he  scene. 

The  Indians  had  a  tradition  amongst  them  that  Crawford  breathed  hislast 
as  the  sim  was  .n'oiii£  down. 

( )n  the  next  morning  when  Kniuht  was  started  off  for  the  Shawnees  town 
and  \\hilehewas  passing  the  lire  place,  he  saw  the  remains  of  Crawford 
almost  burnt  to  ashes.  Then  the  Indians  told  Knight  that  was  his  fate  and 
ii'a\  e  the  "scalp  halloo." 

The  tradition  runs  that  alter  Crawford  died,  the  faii'ots  were  heaped 
together,  his  body  |>laced  upon  1  hem  and  that  the  savages  danced  around  the 
remains  for  sexeral  hours  longer. 

The  Shaunees  had  .urea  I  rejoicing  uhen  the  ne\\s  reached  them,  and  the 
poni  frontier  settlers  were  lilled  with  uloom  and  disiuax.  Crawford  was 
i  in 'in  IK  d  b\  all  \\  ho  knew  him.  \\'e  \\  ill  1  hi  <>\\  the  mantle  of  forget  fulness 
o\  er  i  he  Ion  el  \  cabin  that  eonlaim  d  the  \\  ido\\  of  1  he  Colonel  \\  hen  the  sad 
news  reached  her  ear. 

The  lan.u'uaii'c  used  b\  iieneral  Washington  on  Ihis  occasion,  shows  the 
deep  feeling  of  his  noble  heart. 

"It  i-  uiih  thr  niviiti-M  M  ric.w  in,'!  ci  inrin  ibal  I  have  Ic.inn'il  llif  nu'linichn] y  tidings  of 
Co..  I  !ii\\  fdril  -  ili-;ill;.  1 1  r  \MI^  k  1  n.u  11  In  1I1C  IIS  (111  OtlictT  nf  11 1 1  it'll  CM  1 1  •  inn  1  ]  inidrlMV  :  ln'iivr. 
i  -Npciic!  ici'.  i  ini'i  ticpvc.  'Ili'-  n:;iiii,i-i  i  i  lii-  iH  alii  \\ii-  shock  iim  to  nu>,  nn<l  I  h:i\  r  thi-  day 
<-nimnii!iii-!i!i'il  in  i  uii.un-'-  -iirli  |  a|irr-  a-  I  liavc  rr'-'avlini;  it." 

<  >n  1  he  '•!  h  of  Anu'iisl  lie  writes  to  (Jeneral  Irxine.  thus:  "I  lament  the 
failure  of  the  exptdition  against  Sandiisk)  and  am  particularl\  a  flee  ted 
\\  it li  the  disastrous  death  of  Colonel  ( 'rau  ford." 

The  \  arioiis  nai'i'atives  of  the  placi-  of  "xecut  ion  and  biirninu1  of  Colonel 
Ciaufurd  \\ere  so  ion  ll  ici  i  HL;-.  for  a  time  after  the  \\hite  man  bewail  his 
selllements  alo||M-  the  'l'\  mochtce.  tlial  the  be>i  liLiht  l  rail  it  ion  could  lhro\\ 
on  Hie -ubit d  lixed  the  place  \\lieie  nou  a  monument  i--  erected  to  the 
ineinorv  ol  Cra\\  ford  and  hi->  sad  fale. 


IN  I  k<il>t  '  ii'  i\.  -  i 

Tin-  in  tiiuiii -lit  si  unls  <>n  tin-  farm  oner  nwned  \>\  hiniel  Undue,  in 
Crawfnrd  I  uvnship.  Wyan  Inl  ennnl\.  m-ar  t'raw  f<>rd-\  ille.  and  a  slmrt 
di-laiier  t'rt'in  <'aiv\  nil  llii-  <  'iii'-innali.  S.iiiilnsks  \  <  'l«-\  eland  railroad. 
Ci'lnii'-l  William  Crawford  was  Imrn  in  lln-  >ear  I7:;i'.  in  Orange  <-«>nnt\. 
Virginia.  »>t'  S -nl  di-Iri-h  parent-. 

When  <  •••ir-ral  \Vashtniitou  was  employed  l>\  L«>n|  Fairfax  in  -nrve\  the 
lar.r<'  tra-l-  nf  land-  In-  had  in  tin-  \v.-si  ..]'  Virginia,  llit-  \mnii;  -nr\e\.ir 
nfl  -n  sln|i]i  •  I  at  Ui"  lmn-"  nf  < 'raw for- 1'-,  p.ireni-.  when  lie  made  the 
acquaint  in  •«•  nf  William  <  'raw  ford. 

Tln'>  Ii -i-am  •  u.irm  frien  I-  airl  their  atta'-luu -nl  lasted  tlirnii^li  lit.-. 
Tlie\  w.-iv  bnth  aliiinl  tin1  same  aur''. 

CrawlHi'l  Irani  •  1  fmin  Wa-.liiii'j;t->n  Ih"  arl  nf  siir\r\  im;.  l>nlh  ^.-lA.-il 
nn  IIT  Hr.t  |iln.-k  at  Fnrt  1  >n  (Jiicsii!-.  'l'li"\  \\-M-,-  ihcn  in  tin-  |irini"  nf  lift- 
airl  vii;nr.  (';a\v|nnl  \vas\vith  Wa-liiir/tmi  at  tli"crnssinur«'t  lln-  I)'la\varr. 
al  'I'l'i'iitnn.  an  1  1'i'inci-tnn  in  1777.  Hi-  \\as  sent  l>\  Wasliin^inn  in  take 

eliai'Lje  nf  Fnrl  1'itt  lllller  i  ll^t  I'll,  'I  inns  fpilll  ( 'i>ll«ri'e»..  Fl'nm  thelli-e 
I'lirWanl  Ills  SITViffS  W.Tf  dcvnl,"!  In  the  frnlllier.  where  Ir-  «li^|>la>  ed  the 

liiijhest  i|ii:ililit's  of  milit:ir\  ur''niu>.  Th"  e\p  -ilitinn  a^ain^l  >inln^k>  wa- 
a  favnrile  srlieiii"  wilh  him.  and  was  in  h,i\  e  been  the  emu  ;iin^  a  -hie\  em-nt 
nf  his  lif'\  aft'-r  lri\  in^  si-rvi1  1  in  tli  •  war  nf  tin-  ivvnlnt  i<  >M  ^i\  full  \  ear-. 

We  \\  ill  c|n,i'  tlii-N  1 1,  u1  nf  mir  \\nrk  li\  si  i  n  pi  \  iv  la  I  in^.  in  a  -hnrl  u  a> .  th-- 
\\nnderfnl  e>eape  lit'  Shiver,  the  ijuide.  and  nf  dii"inr  Kniurht. 


( )n  i  he  iii'ini'm,''  nf  1 1  it-  uth  ,(f  .In  ne.  the  d<>  -inr  was  airain  painted  Mark, 
and  put  in  the  ch  nxr"  nf  a  l>,-lawaiv  siva^-.  a  rnii^h-lnnkinir  en-s  li\  the 
name  »\  '/'"'•''».  Tle-n  th'-\  -rtrt'-d  fnr  the  ->lri\\uers  tnwn.  snme  I'nrl> 
miles  a wa> .  Tut  'In  nn  hnr-.--liaek  dri\  iii'_r  Ilie dnelor  liefi >re  him.  The  ilm-inr 

tried  !••  make  the  In  liail  lielie\e  thai  he  fell  eheerflll.  and  -pnke  nf  li\illi,r 
\\illl  him  in  the  -.line  linll-e.  ete..  wlliell  S'-elir'd  In  please  the  sa\aL.re.  Tlie\ 

tra\eled    almiil    t  \\ent  > -live   mile>   that    da\    and   eamp"d.       In    the    nmrniiiLj 

'I'lltelll    li\ed    Up  the    life.       The    dnelnr    a-kei)    'I'lltelll     t<i    l']\     Up  a     lire    behind 

him  tn  keep  the  nms.piitns  a\\.i>.  When  the  sa\a-_re  tnrneil  his  haek  the 
dnelnr  si  rnek  !ii  m  with  a  M  iek  mi  1  he  head  and  the  1  ndian  fell  fnr\\  ard  with 
Imlli  hamh  inl'i  the  tir.'.  lie  snnn  reenver.-il  and  ran  nfl'  Imulim,'.  Kniirht 
-••i/i'd  the  Indian"-  irun.  Imt  pulliim'  haek  the  enck.  bmke  the  main-)iriii^. 
'I'his  nreiirred  near  t  he  Seintn  in  I  lard  in  emml  \  .  a  >lmrt  ili-laiiee  dn\\  n  t  he 
ri\erfrmii  Keniiin.  Knight  then  Innk  ihe  Indian'-  blanket,  a  |>air  nf  new 
mneea-iiis.  pnwder  Imrn  and  i;im.  and  -tarl"d  in  a  iinrtheasterl)  direet  inn. 
*>hnrll>  liefnre -iindnw  n  he  reaehed  the  plain-.  Here  he  hid  him-i'If  until 

nielli-fall,    whell    he    prnei-fih-d   nil   aild    reaehed    the    Wnnd-nn    thenlher   -i'le   b\ 

davliirhl.  lie  a\<»idei|  the  Iraek  taken  b\  the  arm\  niitward  a-  mneh  as 
pns-ib|f.  I  )n  the  seennd  da\  nf  his  eseape  he  reached  a  point  in  K'iehland 

ciinnts .  w liere  "Spring   Mill-"  are   -itnate.  abnni    i n.      In   the  c\enini,r  lie 

be^an  tn  lie  \er\  faint.  I>uriii'_r  the  -i\  da\-  nf  hi-  impri-nninen!  he  \\a- 
iiearl\  -tar\ei|.  lie  had  Ihi'nwn  a\va\  the  ^iin  a-  li-ele--.  and  \\a-  n«u 

cnlnpelled     In     li\e     nn     LTI'eeli     ^'i  M  i-el  icITle-     and     herb-.         The     blnw      he     had 

reeei\  ed  \\  i  t  h  I  he  b.ii'ls  <  if  n  t  <  imaha  w  k  -I  ill  hull  him  \  er\  much.  I  |e  ei  <>--)•  d 
the  Mn-kinuuni  near  the  nmnth  nf  the  t'nnntien.  an  ea-lern  alllneiit.  in 


JJ  HISTORY    01      sKNKl'A    COUNTY. 

Tnscarawas  county.  Hf  reached  tort  1'itt  on  the  morning  of  the  fourth 
da\  of  .Inly  in  safety.  He  afterwards  became  the  surgeon  of  the  Seventh 
Virginia  regiment,  lie  was  married  on  the  14th  day  of  October.  17S4,  and 
died  on  the  li'lli  da\  of  March.  Ix'ls.  tlie  fatlier  of  ten  children.  Dr.  Knight 
is  entitled  to  the  credit  of  furnishing  to  history  the  most  truthful  relation 
of  this  sad  expedition. 

si.oVKi;. 

Slover  and  his  two  fello\\  captives  were  taken  to  a  Shawnees  town.  The 
inhabitants  came  out  and  beat  and  abused  the  prisoners  ureatl).  They 
sei/ed  the  oldest  one  of  Slover's  companions.  stripped  him  naked,  and 
painted  him  black  with  coal  and  water. 

They  sent  a  messenger  to  Wapatomica  to  irct  ready  for  the  frolic,  as  they 
were  comiiiLT.  and  when  the\  approached  the  town  the  savages  came  out 
with  clubs.  Julius  and  tomahawks.  They  told  the  prisoners  they  must  run 
to  the  ( 'oiineil  House,  aliout  three  hundred  yards  away.  The  man  painted 
black  was  the  principal  object  of  their  sport.  They  struck  him  and  shot 
powder  into  his  Mesh:  women  and  children  all  en^ajjfed  in  the  frolic. 
>hoiit inn' and  beating  their  drums.  Arriving  at  the  door  the  man  was  cut 
ver\  badh  and  the  blood  was  streaming  from  the  wounds  intlicted  by  the 
toinahauks  and  ritle  wads.  He  laid  hold  of  the  door,  but  was  pulled  back. 
Slo\ersa\\  him  carried  away,  and  the  Indians  slowly  killing  him.  lie  saw 
his  dead  hod\  near  the  ( 'ouncil  House,  cruelly  mangled.  Then  they  cut  off 
the  liead  ;uid  limb-  and  stuck  them  on  poles  outside  of  town.  The  same 
evening  he  saw  the  bodies  of  three  others  mangled  to  about  the  same 
condition.  ( )m-  of  these  was  William  Harrison,  the  son-in-law,  and  the 
other  William  Crawford,  the  nephew,  of  the  Colonel.  The  Indians  also 
had  their  hordes. 

( >n  the  next  da\  a  larire  council  was  held.  Slover  was  examined  as  to  his 
knowledge  of  tin  frontier.  He  could  speak  the  lan^uaye  of  the  Miamis. 
I )elawares  and  Shawnees.  Captain  Klliott  and  .lames  Uirty  also  came  and 
a.-siired  the  savages  that  Slover  had  lied,  that  Cornwallis  was  not  taken. etc. 
Hitherto  Slovcr  had  been  treated  kiudly.  Now  the\  beiran  to  abuse  him 
aNo.  Tliis  council  lasted  tifteen  days.  About  one  hundred  warriors  were 
present. 

See  t  he  humanit >  of  i  lie  liritish  commander  at  Detroit.  De  I'eyster  !  At 
the  close  of  thi>  council  a  dispatch  was  broimhl  in  from  that  dignitary  by  a 
warrior  who  had  just  arrived.  It  was  in  these  words  : 

"M>    I'liil'lf-n,    |.ro\-i-.i(.ii-    ;iro    scarce.     \\'lien    i'ri»oniT>   arr   Nrmii.')!!   in    \\c   art'   oliliyeil  lu 
inninia:1:  'lii-i!i.  aii'l    M-iui1  "f  lln-ni   run  away  aii'l   fsirry  li'liiiL'^   nf  "iir  all'air-.     \Vlion   any  ol 
.i':r   ].i-i. ).•••  in'.]    ir.i'i  tin.   Imii'N  nf  'hi'   n-bfl>.  liiey  ~hn\v    MM    inrn-y:    \\liy.thcii.slKHilil   VMII 
'a'k'-  i-rS'iM  ••»       'I'aki    iiu  nii.p1   |iri-<iii>T>,  !ii>  i  'li  ill  1  MM  i .  cif  i\  1 1  y  -nri    -Mian,  \\Minaii.  nr  cliilM." 

T'he  ();;,i\\a-.  ( "nippeua--.  \\'\andot-,.  Miii^oe-.  Delawares.  Shawnees. 
Mon-e\  ~  and  ( 'In  tokees  |iarl  icipated  in  this  council.  Thc\  laid  plans  for 

I.^ili-'  ille  and    U"lieeliiiLr.       All   prisoner-  thereafter  Uere  to  be    put    lo  death. 

Tl'i  >  put  a  rope  around  Slover.  stripped  him  naked  and  blacked  him.took 
him  li\e  mile-  a\\a\ .  t  ied  him  to  a  tree  near  a  hut  and  beat  him.  The\  then 
t'"'k  him  about  two  mile-  turther  to  Mac-a-chack.  near  West  Libert),  in 
1 ,11  j.i  1 1  ""Unix .  Slover  \s  a-  t  ied  u  it  h  a  rope  around  his  neck  to  a  po-t  and  a 


tin-  (mill  aroim-1  him.  A  rain  i-oininu  up  |>ut  i.m  tin-  lift-,  uii'l  tin-  biirnint,' 
was  postponed  until  next  da>.  The)  danced  around  liim  until  late  into  the 
nivrht .  striking  ainl  \\ouinliiii;  liim.  The\  then  took  him  t»  a  Mock  IHUIM- 
and  tied  him.  Three  Indians  watched  him.  Near  inorniir.,'  llie  Indians 
\\  ei  e  all  asleep,  a  in  I  Slo\  er.  succeeding  in  lint  \  hit;  his  I'ope,  ran  awa\  into  a 
corn  ticlil.  He  found  a  horse  close  b\ . used  his  rope  tor  a  halter  and  put  oft . 
On  the  third  da\  out  the  horse  i^ave  out  and  ua-.  abandoned.  Sl.>\er 
tra\  fled  on  toot  and  in  his  naked  coiidit  ion  reached  the  (  Hiio  near  Wheeling. 
I  Ie  returned  to  Fort  1'itt  on  the  1 1th  o|  .1  ul\ .  'I' he  last  st  ra Airier  had  returned, 
i  HI:  III:I>I\AS<  i:  <n  17-vs  M.T i  I.KMKVIS  m  <>m<>  ri.\\M->ii  \w  »  -n:i:t  11 

IT.KKI  I  i  "III  A  I.  <  UK.  A  MX  \TI<  >N       <    l,.\i:K's<    \MPAH.N. 

Although  the  treats  of  I'aris  \\as  signed  in  Septeinl'er.  IT-*.'!,  the  ne\\s  did 
not  reach  the  I'nited  Mates  for  more  than  one  month  later,  and  it  \\  as  nearl) 
tuo  months  later  liefore  it  readied  the  uestern  frontier.  Meanwhile  the 
conllict  in  the  \\cst  \\as  kept  up  \\itli  all  its  terror.  Settlements  \\ere 
at  tacked  alonii  the  Ohio  ri\  er  and  abandoned.  F \pedi lions  wrre  orvrani/ed. 
prosecuted  and  aliandoned,  often  in  disaster.  The  stniiftrle  to  comiuer  the 
Indians  and  possess  the  west  seemed  almost  hopeless. 

NOW  came  the  tidimrs  of  peace  and  a  new  life  seemed  to  spread  o\ei  the 
land  like  the  da\\  n  of  da\  follou  in.tr  a  ni^lit  of  storm. 

A  Mr.  l)alton  \\as  tro\  eminent  airent  on  the  \Vahash.  I  Ie  called  a  council 
of  the  chiefs  and  announced  to  them  the  fact  that  peace  was  declared  in  the 
f<»llo\\  hit;  \\  ords  : 

•M\  rhiMr.-n  '  \\'li;it  I  hu\i-  nl'tcii  luM  \nu  hii-  im\v  cuinr  in  |.ii".  'Ilii-  day  1  rvc.-i\r.| 
ln-u>  iroin  my  un-iit  i-liiri  al  tin-  fall*  ui  (ilii.>.  1'i-nrr  i>  niH'li-  uilli  tin-  i-iu-niii-»  i.f  AnnTif.i. 
Tin-  liiiiiuhtiuk  is  t'lirifi].  Tin-  sliau  iu-t>.  (In-  \>i  liiwiircs.  the  <  liica-nu  v  ami  ihf  ih.-n.krc« 
!ni\  ••  taki-ii  iln'  l.nii^  Knii'c  l'\  ihc  liiunl.  '1'licv  liavi'  i:ivrii  iij.  tin-  cii|pii\.-  flu-y  hint  taken. 
M\  c  liiMri'ii  ui'  tin-  Wal'ii-,)].  .i|ii-n  \Diir  i'iir>-.  iiii'l  K-t  uhat  I  tell  yc.u  -ink  •{<•>•]•  intc  vmir 
hcartv  Vn'i  kii"U  iniv  N.-ar  l\v.-nly  \  rurs  1  have'  l.rfti  uiii-'iii;  ymi.  'tin-  I.i.ni:  K  nii'i-  i-  my 
nilti'iii  1  kih.\\  iln-ir  l:t-iir!>.  i'racc  Ihf_v  rarry  in  i.nc  haii'l  ami  uar  in  tin-  otln-r.  <  "ii-i'l.'! 
l:«i\v  \\hii-li  Mill  \\\\\  i  •||.n.»i>.  \\  r  ni-\i-r  lic'j  pracr  uf  nlir  cMrlil  ir-.  If  \  «M  InVi-  \  i  ill  r  \\  i 'Ilirll 
:l!l>l  i-liil'lrrll.  rrr.'iVr  llif  l.i-ll  "f  \Mllll]itl  111  1  plr-i'Ilt  \..M.  llftliril  In  Illf  tin-  l"t|itiVf>  >  i  .11  lla\.' 

in  your  \  illii  izt1-,  a  ml  i  l.c  lii>r»i-s  ynii  -lulr  fnnn  m>  |'n  ip!.-  in  K  .-in  urk> .  ^  'i  >ur  mni  lirM-  \\  <•',  <• 
n.'\rr  >  li-tu  i-ln'il  l.\  i  In-  l.niiu'  K  iiifc  \\  lnlr  \  c.ur  u  arri»r-  «  i-rc  i.  ilil.iiii;  m\  ji.-i.j.'.i-." 

Mi".  I>allnn  presented  the  chief  \\ith  a  I'clt  of  Mne  ainl  \\hite  \\ainpuin. 
There  Uere  se\efal  tribes  represented  oil  the  occasion,  but  I'iailke-diau  \\a> 
recoo;iii/.ed  as  the  Iiead  chief  of  the  most  |io\\erful  tribe,  lie  accepted  the 
emblem  df  peace,  and  then  \\ith  much  ditrnitv  of  manner,  replied  : 

••M\  iii-.-iil  I'alh'-r.  tin-  l...ny  Knife.  \«\\  lia\e  I.een  many  \ear>  aniMiU'l  n-  \nii  lia\i- 
-nil. •!-.•!  l.\  u-.  We  -':!'  hiij..'  \.ni  «ii!  h:i\'-  \'\<\  ami  e(  ini|iii>-inii  I.IM.II  u>.  MII  i.iii  \\.'!ae:i  an.! 
(•liil.lT-fM  :  the  Min  ^liin.  -  .,11  us.  nn.l  tli.- -..(..I  i..-u~  ,,|  |M  ae.  a|.|..  ;,:-:  ..urfii..-.  I  lii-  is  l|-,,- 
.|«\  of  jo\  I,,  th"  Un'.a-h  I :..!:. 1 1  v  \Viih  oin-  lot  uu.  \v ,  •.,«-(•..;  I.  U  .  •  a.  •  .  |-l  j ....  ;•  |--..|,  ,.  >..-\\ 

We  t-cc.-i\c(l  the  t,,mal.,i«k  ft..m  III.   Ki,_-;i-!i.      l'o\,tt\   f..,...j  \\  ,•«.:.:..:;,_,«.  .)  >.\ 

oth.-l     trli-ev.       \\  ,      ;i:..    -o::;,    |..|    11          I  ..    .lav    u  ••  .-.  eleel    t!;.    -.  .lit.     •  1    '...!..-    .  .1    .••.:     f  n,-l-..  I-    ull'! 

l.ur-.   them  in  one  i;ia\.'       l|.r.-i>lh.    (•-.  |.e  Oiai  •.•  ;\  •  -   i:-  \\  .    i,a\  .•'•;;:  ie.l  :!i. 

toiii.iluiu  k  .    ha\  .    \'  •'.  !'ii   :   :::.-!;.!  -!.:)•-  in  \  •  !  t. .  ).••  >  •! .  .k.  -n.  ni.'i  ::•  .\'  .    -i:i..ke  o'lt  ,.j    \ ..  .:  •(•:[.. 

\\  .•  kno\\   ilia'   III'-  i .  |.  ai  -I'-.i  it  w  n-  .in.ji  \    «  ith  i.-  to:-  -lealin-j   \  . :    !..•!-.  -  ami  .ct;;.  -  : :.i:  >..::: 


24  HISTOKY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

people.  Hr  hit*  sent  u- so  niueh  snow  aii'l  cold  weather  us  to  kill  your  horses  with  our  own. 
\Ve  un- a  pour  people.  \V«  hope  that  (i.>l  will  help  us.  ami  thiit  tlie  I/m^r  Knife  will  have 
e  )inpas.-ion  <>ii  our  women  anil  ehildreii.  Your  people  who  are  with  us  are  well.  We  shall 
eolleet  tlii'iu  when  they  eome  ill  from  hunting.  \Velove  them,  and  so  do  our  yonntf  women. 
Some  of  \oiirpeople  mend  our  1:1111*.  others  tell  us  they  e. in  make  rum  out  of  eorn.  They 
are  nou  the  same  a.-  we.  In  one  moon  after  this  \ve  will  take  them  hack  to  their  friends  in 
Kentueky. 

My  l-'ather'  This  lieinc  the  day  of  joy  to  the  Wal>a.-h  Indians,  we  ben  a  little  drop  of  your 
milk  'rum  to  let  our  warrior*  see  that  it  fame  from  your  l>rea*t.  \\'e  were  horn  and  raised  in 
tlieuood-.  \\'e  <'oiild  never  leurn  to  make  rum.  <iod  has  made  the  wliile  man  master  of  the 
world." 

Having  finished  his  sp.-ech.  1'iankeshaw  presented  Mr.  Dalton  with  three 
strings  of  \v.iinpiiin  as  a  pledge  of  peace.  Kvery  reader  must  be  impressed 
with  the  tone  of  despondency  that  pervades  this  address  and  the  melancholy 
spirit  that  asks  for  rum. 

In  all  the  various  treaties  and  inU-rcourses  for  peace  with  the  Indians,  the 
reader  is  t'ivt|iiently  met  by  the  tmu  "LonK  Knife."  By  this  expression,  of 
course,  is  meant  the  "whit;-  nrni."  or  the  "general  j,ro\  eminent."  The  way 
the  term  came  to  lie  used,  is  said  to  have  occurred  in  thiswise:  A  Colonel 
( iibson.  while  st  it  ioned  at  Fort  I 'it  t.  in  a  certain  attack  with  his  troops  upon 
a  company  of  Indians,  and  i^-Unii;  into  a  hand  to  hand  ti.^ht.  cut  off  the 
head  of  an  Indian  with  his  sword,  in  one  stroke.  This  struck  terror  into 
the  hearts  of  the  other  Indians,  who  lied,  and  reported  to  their  chiefs  that  a 
pale  face  had  cut  off  the  head  of  an  Indian  with  a  "Loii";  Knife." 

The  British  traders  in  Canada  kept  up  their  business  with  the  Indians  as 
before,  and.  in  direct  violation  of  the  treaty,  replenished  the  fuel  that  was 
still  burninir  in  the  hearts  of  the  savages  throughout  the  northwest  against 
the  white  people. 

The  vast  territory  lyiiiu;  north  of  the  Ohio  river  and  extending  far  west 
to  the  Mississippi,  was  claimed,  by  charters  from  the  Kintf  of  Kmjland. 
by  Connecticut.  Massachusetts  and  Virginia.  Kach  of  these  states  now 
consented  to  rcliinjiiish  its  claim  to  the  general  jrovernnient  with  the 
exception  of  reser\  ations  by  Connecticut  and  Virginia.  These  two  states, 
embarrassed  by  the  war.  retained  each  a  portion  of  the  territory  for  the 
purpose  of  pa\  int,r  its  debt  to  the  revolutionary  soldiers. 

The  region  thus  ceded  to  Connecticut,  lyiii";  north  of  the  41st  decree 
north  latitude,  and  extendinvr  from  the  west  line  of  Pennsylvania  to  the 
west  line  of  what  is  now  1 1  uron  coimU  .  was  called  the  "Western  Keser\e" 

••  |-'ireland>."  l!  extends  from  the  lake,  south,  to  what  is  now  known  as 
the  "ha^e  line."  lift\  miles  wide  and  one  hundred  and  twenty  miles  loiiy 
from  ea>t  1"  wc-d. 

V'irjii nia  retained  the  lands  lyin.ir  between  the  Seioto  and  the  Little  Miami, 
which  \\  ;e>  called  the  ••  \"  ir.Lrinia  Military  District." 

1!\  lhe>e  (•••-,^in|i>  the  LTelieral  '_r(  i\  erillllcllt  became  |io>sessed  of  thexast 
region  nf  uninhabited  terrili>r\  exlendiii";  to  the  lakes  of  the  north  and 
wol  to  me  M  i^^i^--i|i]ii  ri\ei-.  now  torminir  the  states  of  Ohio.  Indiana. 
Illinois.  U'isc(in>iii  and  Michigan.  By  the  celebrated  ordinance  id'  17s7.no 
le->th;iu  three  iK>r  mure  than  li\'c  >tates  \\'ere  to  be  or^ani/.ed  in  this  vast 


realm  a-  soon  as  tin-  number  of  whit-  inlialnl  nits  would  warrant.  The 
Federal  <  iov  eminent  now  established  a  territorial  \f»\  ei  iiia-nt  over  the 
saint'. 

Let  us  nut  forget  before  leaving  this  part  of  our  subject  mi"  beautiful 
feature  in  that  ureal  oi  dinance.  engrafted  up  >n  il  bv  -lav,-  owm-i-.  and 
which  teache-  a  le--nn  for  ii)t>ilitati<iii.  when  tin'  passion-.  of  pnpt>  -trife 
\\  ill  ad  in  it  nl'  -Mil  XT  re Meet  ion.  and  iriv  e  the  better  part  of  our  nature  nobler 
iiiipulsi's  and  a  larger  tield  : 

••\n  man  -hall  lie  arrested  I'm-  hi-  nm  !••  of  worship  or  hi-  religions 
seiitimeiits.  The  utmost  yood  faith  shall  li  •  nb-erv  ed  toward  the  Indians: 
that  their  lands  sliall  never  lie  tak"ii  from  them  witlmui  their  cnn-.-nt. 
unless  in  just  and  lawful  war. 

•'Tlffi  >•/('«/'  '"  milh'i-  >•/</«-.,•//  ,,-.,-  liu-'ilitnt'iril  ^  rrltn-l-  in  .-••//'-/  t,  rrit'n-;/. 
.,//,.  yir/s.'  ///.(,i  //(  tin  iiHni.tlllil'i'it  nf  i'i-iin'  n-'i- r>'nf  tli'  }» ft  ij  sh'i'l  /,./-••  /„  ,' „ 
,////(/  rnnf'irtiil."  •!<•. 

.Now  companies  lie^an  to  lie  or^.ini/.ed  in  th"  Atlantic  state-  for  the 
purpose  of  establishing  colonies  in  this  i-rritor>.  The  ()hio  ( 'oiiip.tn>  . 
form -d  of  ntlii-ers  of  the  arms  and  s.ildier-  of  the  r,-\  olut  ion.  located 
bctw.-en  the  Muskiiiurmn  and  the  I  In  -klm  'kiiiLT  rivci-s.  The  ^oveniiuent 
owed  m  in\  ot  the-e  lar^e  sum-  of  IIMIICX  and  had  inHhiiiir  to  pa>  them  \\  ith 
but  land.  The\  took  their  land-  at  one  dollar  p-r  acre,  and  paid  for  it  in 

-crip     or    nth'  ,•    i  i-iil- iii-is    nt'    il'ht     In,-    ,;  rnl  it' initn  ri/    s   cc/i-   x.         The     plirdia-e 

included  about  one  an  I  a  half  million-  of  acre-. 

John  (  'le\  es  S\  ill  Hie-,  of  New  .ler-c\  .  |Hireha-ed  .">I.IMMl  acre-  bet  u  fen  t  he 
Little  Miami  and  the  (treat  Miami  for  -i\t>  cent-  an  acre. 

deneral  Hufiis  I'litnam.  with  hi-  )iart> .  settled  near  the  nmuth  nf  the 
MuskiiiLCum  mi  the  7th  day  of  April.  ITss.  ()ne  remarkable  feature  in  all 
these  ear!>  settlements  is  the  fact  that  Ihe  enlniiists  were  L.reiierall\  men  of 
cult nre.  refinement  and  hiirh  moral  \\orth.  The\  lYamcd  -imple  code-  of 
laws  and  publi-hed  them  b\  nailinu  them  aii'ain.-t  tree-. 

The  ordinance  which  oricani/ed  the  LTO\  ernment  wa-  placed  in  the  hand- 
of  a  u'n\enmr  and  three  judges,  (ieneral  Arthur  Si.  ('lair  ua-  a|ipointed 
governor,  and  immediatel\  proceeded  (o  oixrnni/e  hi-  council.  The  \\lmle 
cmintr>  imrth  of  the  Ohio  ri\  er.  bet  \\  ecu  the  M  n  ski  nun  m  and  I  lock  hocking. 
was  designated  a- the  coiin1>  of  \Va-hinLrtou.\\ilh  Marietta,  of  course,  as 
Ihe  coimt\  seat.  Marietta  \\a-  named  in  honor  of  Marie  A  ntoinefie.  t  he 
unJiapps  queen  of  l.oiii-  X\'l..  ami  in  token  «f  ^'latitude  for  the  aid 
furni-hed  l>\  I-' ranee  in  the  revolution.  Here  Ihe  iir-1  civil  court  vva-  held 

for  the   iinrtliir,  stu-n    l<  /V/'/H,-//.  on   the  l!i|   dav    of    Sep!  elllbel.    1  Tss. 

Mathia-  l>enman.  of  New  .ler-ev.  purdia-ed  a  -ection  of  land  and  a 
fraction,  for  \\  hieh  he  paid  liv  e -hilliiiL;1-  per  acre,  lie  laid  outalovvnand 
called  it  Lo-anleville.  vv  Inch  vv as  at tervv  ards  chamxed  into  <  'incinnat i.  1 1 ovv 

the  price  of  land  ha-  im-rea-ed  in  that  sei-iioii! 

u  i;i;  <  i  IM  vn:i;i  i  . 

The  commerce  of  ( 'inci  nnat  i  for  t  he  \  ear  ending  -I anna rv  1 .  I  sT'i.  amounted . 
in  value  of  ^nod-  imported  and  exported,  to  -  Jici.  1  }i,.-n::.  |-',,r  the  pre-ent 
v  ear.  w  it  h  1  he  renew  ed  act  iv  il  v  in  bii-iiie--  of  all  kind-;  the  ^i  eat  pi  <  nl  m  t  !•  >n 
in  agricultural  and  miiiinLT  di-trid-.  Ihe  iin-rea-e  in  maniil'act  ure-  and  'he 
higher  value-,  il  i- ea-v  to  -ee  that  Ihev  \\  ill  airirretratr  t'nlh  ^.^HI.IKHI.IHHI.  <  »f 


-?6  HISTORY    01     SKNF.CA    COUNTY. 

the  sum  for  last  year.  Slso.UOO.(MM)  were  for  exports,  and  S.UUI5.000.000  imports. 
Among  the  former  maybe  mentioned  pork  and  hog  products  at  a  value  of 
overSlO.OOO.ooo;  groceries.  So.OOO.lMM);  cotton  S10.0<M).(MM>:  whisky,  SI S.OOO .000; 
malt  litpiors.  sU.iMHi.(KM);  boots  and  shoes.  So. .")(M).(MMI;  butter.  SI  .U">0.(MM);  coffee. 
So.( xxi.tM xi;  furniture.  s").(XX).(MMi;  hardware.  sr>.(MM).000;  oil.  S.3.000,000;  tobacco. 
>lo.uoo.(XHi.  In  imports  there  were  cattle  valued  at  SH.000.000;  coal.  S3.000.- 
(Xlli;  coffee.  S"».-">00.»NX):  cotton.  SKUMMI.OOO;  Hour.  S3 .00(1. 1 1(1(1;  boots  and  shoes. 
s:;.")(Ki.(MM);  hardware.  S").")00.(MMi;  hogs  valued  at  S1U.OOO.OOO;  sugar, S<>.f>00,0<M); 
tobacco.  sln.doo.tMMi;  whisky.  S7.(MM).(MMi:  wheat  S4.(XIO.()(M). 

Vincenue.s.  near  the  western  line  of  Indiana,  was  also  made  the  county 
seat  of  another  county,  bounded  on  the  south  by  the  Ohio  river,  on  the  east 
b\  the  (Treat  Miami,  ami  on  the  west  by  the  Wabash.  larger  than  several 
states  of  the  I'liioii.  St.Clair  proceeded  to  the  Mississippi  where  a  few 
huts  on  the  left  bank  formed  another  settlement.  Here  he  established  the 
count)  of  St.  Clair.  embracing  nearly  the  whole  of  Illinois. 

It  would  be  a  source  of  great  pleasure  to  record  here  some  of  the 
very  many  incidents,  of  a  most  thrilling  nature,  connected  witli  the  early 
settlements  along  the  Ohio  river  and  along  the  mouths  of  the  Miami  and 
Muskingum. 

But.  admonished  by  the  fact  that  too  many  of  our  pages  are  being  taken 
possession  of  by  these  reminiscences.  I  will  only  describe  a  few  of  the 
expeditions  that  were  organ  i/ed  from  time  to  time  to  subdue  the  savages, 
because  all  or  nearly  all  of  these  had  a  tendency  to  rescue  the  valley  of  the 
Sandusky  and  northwestern  Ohio  from  the  owners,  who  by  force  of 
circumstances  and  without  paper  title,  were  the  monarchs  of  the  soil. 
These  expeditions  are  given  in  the  abstract  without  regard  to  chronological 
nicety.  For  detail,  the  kind  reader  will  of  course  peruse  more  general  and 
extended  history. 

deneral  Clark  was  a  military  leader  of  Kentucky,  stationed  at  the  falls. 
He  was  a  man  of  great  force  of  character  and  considerable  military  ability. 

When  he  heard  of  the  disastrous  battle  at  Blue  Licks,  he  resolved  to 
pursue  and  punish  the  Indians.  He  formed  a  junction  with  Colonels  Floyd 
and  Logan,  which  gave  him  a  force  of  about  one  thousand  men.  Colonel 
Boon  joined  the  arm)  as  a  volunteer.  The)  crossed  the  Ohio  on  the  ."Oth  of 
September.  17-U.  and  commenced  their  march  up  the  Little  Miami.  They 
reached  the  old  town  of  Chillicothe.  where  they  chastised  the  Indians 
terribly  and  destroyed  their  town,  their  goods  and  their  crops,  and  returned 
victorious!) . 

'all  of  ITsCi.  (icneral  Logan  organ  i/ed  another  great 
the  savages  in  Ohio,  in  which  man)  prominent  men 
>k  part.  It  was  the  intention  of  the  deneral  to  make 
ic  war  againM  the  savages.  Colonel 
"oops  again  marched  on  the  Indian 
\  iliaiies  on  the  Scioto.  and  laid  them  \\asle.killing  man)  savages.  Simon 
Kfiiton  accompanied  thK  expedition.  All  the  villages  were  burnt,  and 
nearl)  all  the  inhabitants  were  slain  or  taken  captives.  A  region  of  forty 
mile-  \\ide  and  one  hundred  miles  in  length.  \\a>  laid  uttcrh  desolate.  The 
compap).  under  the  command  of  Simon  Kenlon.  took  no  prisoners.  It  was 


ths'ir  olijeet  tu  wreak  -uch  terrible  vengeance  upon  tin-  savage- that  thrv 
would  never  a^ain  make  raids  upon  the  settlements. 

The  part  v  w  ith  <  ieneral  Clark  was  less  -ucressful.  His  provisions  Iterame 
exhau-led  and  a  lar^i-  iniiulii-r  of  hi-  iin-n  deserted  liim  to  keep  from 
starvation.  \\'ithi>iit  accumplishim:  anvlhim.r.  In-  \\illi  his  half-starved 
Difii.  ret  in  'lied  to  llir  tails  ul  < )hio.  eov eied  \\ith  shame  ami  contusion  at 
tin-  unmerited  distract-  ul'  their  arms.  Tin-  unfortunate  Cieneral  never 
recovered  from  1  he  Now  .  lie  Mink  into  profound  melancholy,  in  which  at 
length  lit-  died.  aired  and  poor.  Thr  t'ailmv  ol'  Clark  excited  ihc  \indi«ti\i- 
Sliaunn->  en  tin1  \Valiasli.  and  uru't-d  tlu-iu  nn  tu  tiullit-i  Dinrairr^.  'Hit- 
\\intfi'  ti>llo\\  ini;.  tin- df|»r«'ilatii)iis  uf  tin-  >a\auri-s  \\cn-  cxtrndt-il  all  aluiiu 
tin-  trout  ii-r  i'T  I't'iiiisv  Ivaiiia  and  V  iririnia.  a  di>tam-c  ut"  u\  t-i  [  lu»-<-  Imndrrd 
luili-s. 

It  is  otimatfd  that  IH-IVM-CM  17^.".  ami  17!Hi.  tin-  Indians  kilN-d.  \\uiiiidrd  and 
tuuk  rapti\r.  liltrrii  liiindi'i'd  men.  \\i>!iii'H  and  childn-n.  and  dfstiu\fd 
|iru|irrt\  \\urth  litt\  thuii>and  dollars,  \\hirh  sum  at  that  tinif  u  as  rimsidi'ivd 
imnn'iisc.  'rin-ri1  \vi-n-  nu  niillionain-s  in  tho>i-_da>s.  Furtuiifs  \\rr»-  not 
madf  and  lo>t  in  our  stroke.  Men  wen-  not  made  rirh  ur  niiiu-d  1>\  the  >al«- 
or  juiri-hasi-  of  railroad  stocks,  and  thriv  \\crr  no  ••hulls"  nor  "ln-ars"  in 
Wall  >trrri:  hi-ni-c  tin-re  was  no  IJlack  l-'i'ida\  in  that  >t I'liiT'-'lf  for  litV. 
l^ortuiH-s  madf  and  lo>t  in  a  day.  speculations  in  railroad.  >tfamhuat  ainl 
minim.'  stock-.  IJlack  Fridays  in  .Lrold.  and  the  making  <>t  millionain-s  in  a 
da\ .  a  IT  the  tilings  ot'  a  faster  aur«'.  For  licttt-r  or  for  \\  orsr '? 


In  tin-  fall  of  17'.»u.  (icii.  Ilarmar.  at  the  head  of  three  hundred  regular 
troops,  and  al">ul  one  thousand  militia.  \\as  ordered  to  march  upon  the 
Indian  to\\  us  alouu  the  lake  and  cha>tise  them  to  siicli  a  deLCi'ee  as  to  arre-t 
all  future  ilepredat  ions. 

(  )n  the  Jl>t  of  Septemlier  this  expedition  rende/N'oiised  at  Fort  Wa>liili'_rton. 
and  on  the  following  da\  commenced  theii-  march  upon  the  Miami  villages. 
Il  took  them  seventeen  da\  >'  liard  mai'diiiiLT  over  a  rou-^li  and  >\\amp\ 
coimti'v  hefore  thev  came  into  the  \jcinitv  of  the  eiiem>.  Meantime. 
[iriiv  isions  liecame  searee.  The  (General  I'mind  himself  miller  the  nece»itv 
of  -v\ee|iinur  the  foi'fvt  with  numerous  small  detachment^,  and  as  the  wood- 
>vv  armed  with  Indian-,  mo-t  of  these  part  ie-  were  cut  off. 

At  length  ihe  expedition,  thus  u'reatlv  redueeil.  came  w  ilhin  a  few  mile- 
of  an  Indian  town.  Here  Captain  Armstrong  was  ordei'ed.at  the  head  ••! 
t  hirt  v  regulars,  a  nd  <  'ol.  1 1  ard  in.  of  Kent  uckv.  with  one  hundred  and  lift  v 
militia,  to  advan"e  and  reconiioit  i'e.  In  the  execution  <'l  this  order  thev 
siiddfiilv  found  lheinselve>  in  an  aliduiseade  l>v  a  laru'e  hodv  of  Indian-,  wh.o 
innnedialelv  opened  lii'e  upon  t  hem. 

The  mil'il  ia  L'av  e  vv  av  .  and  Ihe  ri-u'ular-  a  I  tempted  a  IIP  TC  ordei'l  v  re  1  real . 
The  I  ndian-.  w  it  h  lomaha  w  k-  held  h i'_rh  i  n  t  In-  a i  r.  ! -u-1  n  d  upon  and  coin 
pletelv  -uii'ounded  the  troop-.  The  regular-  allciiii'Ied  I"  open  a  pa— a ur" 
wilh  ih'ir  liavoic-t-.  lull  lliev  were  all  de-,t  r,i\  n!  excejit  Iln-ir  c.ipt.iiu  and 
one  lieutenant,  who  made  their  escape.  The  lo—  of  the  militia  \\.i-  v  civ 
I  I'illinu. 

Not  w  ilh-landim:    thi-    heavv    Mov\  .    den.    Harmai     advanced    u]u.n     tl« 


2,S  HISTORY     or    SKXKCA     I'orXTY. 

villages,  which  he  found  deserted  and  in  (lames,  the  Indians  themselves 
having  tired  their  houses.  He  also  found  here  several  hundred  acres  of 
corn,  which  he  destroyed.  Marching  on  to  the  other  villages  he  found  them 
destroyed  in  the  same  manner,  and  he  also  destroyed  the  corn  near  there. 
Then  the  arm>  commenced  its  retreat  from  the  Indian  country,  supposing 
the  Indians  to  be  sullicienth  punished. 

After  a  march  of  about  ten  miles  on  the  homeward  route,  the  (General 
received  news  which  led  him  to  suppose  that  the  Indians  had  returned  to 
their  burning  villages,  and  he  immediately  detached  eighty  regular  troops, 
with  nearly  all  of  the  militia,  the  former  under  the  command  of  Major 
Wyllys.  and  the  latter  under  Col.  Hardin.  with  orders  to  return  to  the 
villages  and  destroy  such  of  the  enenn  as  presented  themselves.  The 
detachment  countermarched  with  all  possible  speed  to  the  appointed  spot, 
fearful  onh  that  the  enemy  might  have  noticed  their  return  and  escaped 
again  before  they  could  reach  them.  The  militia,  in  loose  order,  took  the 
advance.  The  regulars  brought  up  the  rear.  .lust  as  the  troops  \\ere 
Hearing  the  town,  a  number  of  Indians  were  observed,  and  a  sharp  action 
immediately  ensued.  Shorth  the  savages  lied  and  were  hotly  pursued  by  the 
militia,  who  in  the  ardor  of  the  chase  were  drawn  into  the  woods,  quit*-  a 
distance  from  the  regulars. 

Suddenh  several  hundred  Indians  appeared  from  the  opposite  quarter, 
rushing  with  loud  yells  upon  the  regulars,  thus  unsupported  by  the  militia. 
Major  \V\  llys.  a  brave  and  experienced  otlicer.  formed  his  men  into  a  square 
and  endeavored  to  gain  a  more  favorable  spot,  but  was  prevented  by  the 
impetuous  attack  of  the  Indians.  In  spite  of  the  heavy  lire  poured  in  upon 
them,  they  rushed  upon  the  bayonets  and  hurled  their  tomahawks  with  fatal 
accuracy.  Putting  the  ba\onets  aside  witli  their  hands,  or  clogging  them 
with  their  bodies,  they  were  quickly  mingled  with  the  troops,  where  the\ 
used  their  knives  with  such  terrible  effect,  that  in  two  minutes  the  blood\ 
struggle  was  over.  Major  \V\llys  fell,  one  lieutenant  and  seventy-three 
privates.  One  captain,  one  ensign  and  seven  privates,  three  of  whom  \\ere 
wounded,  were  the  sole  survivors  of  this  short  but  desperate  encounter. 
The  loss  of  the  I  ndians  was  about  equal.  The  attack  was  as  finely  conceived 
as  it  was  holdh  executed.  When  the  militia  returned  from  the  pursuit  of 
the  thing  party  it  was  toe  late  for  help.  They  soon  effected  their  retreat  to 
I  he  main  bod\ .  with  a  loss  of  one  hundred  and  eight  killed  and  twenty-eight 
wounded.  This  dreadful  slaughter  so  reduced  ( Jen.  I  larmar's  arm\ .  that  In- 
\\a^  happ\  to  return  to  Fort  Washington  \\ith  the  fraction  he  had  left. 
ha\inu'  utterh  tailed  in  his  mission. 

This  disastei  was  folloued  b\  a  loud  demand  for  a  greater  force  to  form  a 
ne\\  expedition,  which  \\as  also  accomplished,  as  we  shall  presenlh  see. 

sT.    (    I.  A  I  It's    i:\  I'KIUTKiX  . 

F>\  an  a«M  ot    ( 'oiiLrress  <>|  1 7s  1 .  A  rthur  St .  Clair.  C 
ern    lerritorx.  was  also  appointed    Major-Cieneral 
of  l  he  military  forces. 

An    ami)    »t     two    thousand    men    assembled    at 
ex  pi -d  it  ion  \\  a-^  or^an  i/ed  aii'ai  list  the  I  ndians  on  t  he  Mai  mice.      A  blockhouse 
wa^  e'ectcd    i\\eiit\  miles   north   of  ( 'inciimati.  and  called    Fort    Hamilton. 


IN  I  k<  »[>!  (    I  l«  iN.  2t) 

Tuent)  miles  further  north  the\  erected  ;iml  uarri-mied  another  fort  ami 
called  it  St.  ( 'lair.  Still  another  I'm  tin-!  mi  uas  called  Kurt  .Jefleison.  Fi\e 
ni  si\  \\eeks  uere  einplos  fi|  at  these  uorks.  Provisions  hecame  scarce,  ami 
al  a  point  ahout  ninet\  miles  from  Fort  Washington.  >i\l\  Kentiickiaiis, 
disgusted  \\itli  the  proceedings,  shouldered  their  muskets,  ami  in  defiance  of 
all  authorits .  commenced  their  inan-h  homeward.  (H*II.  St.  ('lair  was  dail) 
expecting  fresh  supplies,  ami  fearing  that  the  deserters  ini^ht  secure  tliem. 
sent  quite  a  t'u  i  cc  tu  protect  the  provisions.  This  left  him  mil)  admit  l.l»m 
men.  N'o\  eniher  liad  cm i ie  \s  ith  its  storms  and  rains.  The)  uere  compelled 
t"  cut  their  \\a\  tlirminh  a  dense  forest.  over  \\et  soil,  and  the  movement  of 
tlieir  artillci  >  uas  attended  uith  '.rival  ditticultv. 

( ten.  St.  ( 'lair  \\as  au'ed.  inlinn.  and  siilVerinu  irn-atU  \\ith  u'mit.  Smne- 
liod>  uas  ccrtainls  to  hlaine  for  undertaking  a  canipaiirn  at  tlii-^  M-a-«>]i  under 
the^e  circumstances,  and  the  seipic]  \\ill  -ho\\  that  Ihe>  \\ere  mit-^eiieraletl 
li\  Ihe  Indian  cliiefs.  ()nthe  third  of  Noxemher  the\  readied  a  point  mie 
hundred  and  t\\ent\-!ive  miles  north  of  Fort  Washington,  and  still  lift\ 
miles  ^oiith  of  the  Indian  touns  mi  the  Maumee.  uhid:  the>  \\ere  on  tin- 
ma  iv  1 1  to  destro\ .  It  uas  a  dismal  da\ :  the  ground  u  as  co\  ered  \\\\\\  siiou  . 
and  tin-  feet  of  the  soldiers  \\ere  s,,aked  uith  \\ater.  Cutting:  their  \\a> 
1  hi  on- 1 1  the  |>at  hles>  torcst  the\  leached  a  creek  .  a  con  ill  lent  of  the  \Val>ash. 

ilei'etht-v  camped  for  the  niirlit.  The  militia  \\ere  sent  across  the  creek, 
and  hi  vm  lacked  in  t  u  o  parallel  lines.  \\  it  h  a  space  of  a  hoi  it  tu  o  1m  ml  red  feet 
iieiueen  them.  Soon  t he>  liad  a  roarimj;  lire  in  this  intermediate  space, 
illnminat  im,'  t  he  forest  far  and  u  ide.  NO  scouts  \\  ere  sent  out .  for  all  u  ere 
m-arl>  perishing  u  ith  cold  and  fat  i^ue.  and  there  u  ere  no  simis  of  aii\  foe. 

I '.ill    t  lie  sln'eU  d   s;i\  aires   U  ere   \\  at  c|  i  i  liL'  e\  er\    Il|o\  ell  lent  .  a  lid  .  llllN  i  II  Lr  asseln- 

hled  armind  the  camp  in  irreat  nnmhers.  each  st-|rcted  his  position  hehiml 
sonic  tree  \\liere  lie  coiiM  lie  protected  and  remain  unseen.  St.  ('lair's  men 
u.Tr  huddled  dosfl\  toL'ethei-.  uithmit  an\  protection.  ho\erinur  around 
their  lire.  (  >n  the  oilier  side  of  the  creek  the  regulars  ui-rc  stationed  armunl 
their  lil'es.  also.  fnll>  rexealed  to  the  sa\;iL.r'-s.  The  tl'oops  could  liol  uell 
ha\  e  l.eei i  pul  into  a  more  exposed  posit  ion.  The  niuht  passed  au  a\  i|iiiet  1\ . 
Meanuhile.  tin-  sa\aures  \\ere  preparing  for  the  slaughter.  Tin-  da>  had 
dauiicil.  and  the  militia  \\ere  |>re|>arim,r  iheii'  hreakfast  in  thoughtless 
confusion .  u  hen  the  \  ell  of  a  t  ho  lisa  ml  sa\  acjfes  and  1  he  discharge  of  mns- 
i\e;r\  fell  upon  their  ears.  F\er\  Indian  had  a  soldier  for  a  target;  scarcd\ 
one  missed  his  aim.  The  slaughter  \\as  terrihle.  The  militia  hecame  panic 
strii-ken.  and  tied  uith  utmost  haste.  man>  of  tliem  \\ithoin  their  unns. 
The\  plunged  pell-mell  ihrolluh  the  creek  and  through  the  lil'st  lines  of  the 
regulars,  and  stopjied  a  t  nmnlt  iioiis.  hel|i|ess  mass  al  the  second. 

All  this  \\as  the  uoik  of  litleeii  minutes. 

\o\\  the  little  arni>  of  les-,  than  a  thousand  men  ueie  huddled  to^ethei 
in  terror-stricken  confusion,  and  exposed  to  a  deadl\  lire  troine\er\  direc- 
tion. \o  foe  to  lie  seen,  except  U  hell  a  sa\;c_;e  \\oiil.d  make  ail  e\chaill_re  of 

tie.,.     There    uas    no    loom    for   l>ra\er\.   except    to    meet    dealh    \\itlimit   a 

i  i  einoi .     The!  e  u  as  no  room    for  heroism.  In -cause  the  cue  m\   \\  as   in\  is:l>|e. 

("o1,,  hi, ike   \\as   in   command  of  the   seeond    lineot'  re-ul.n -.  and   stoppcii 

the  rliudit  of  tlie    militia,      lie    formcil    hi-    line   and    charged  into  the  foicsi. 

'!'!'•    \'  .1  I   .     I  II  •  I  1,111-    I  el  i  red    I  ie  1 1  1 1  e    him,   U  ll  ile    the   I  ill!  let  -  I  I  o||  i   a'l   a!  oi;nd    U  i-le 


rapidly  striking  down  his  men.  As  Drake  drew  back  his  position,  the 
Indians  closed  in  like  the  waves  of  the  sea.  It  seems  that  a  large  body  of 
sharp-shooters  had  been  detailed  especially  to  attack  the  artillerymen.  In  a 
short  time  even  man  at  the  guns  was  shot  down.  Within  one  hour  from 
the  commencement  of  the  attack,  one-half  of  St.  ('lair's  men  were  either 
killed  or  wounded,  and  nearly  every  horse  was  shot.  The  Indians  killed  over 
nine  hundred  of  St.  ( 'lair's  army,  took  seven  field-pieces,  two  hundred  oxen, 
a  great  man\  horses,  but  no  prisoners.  The  wounded  were  tomahawked 
and  scalped  on  the  spot.  The  Indians  lost  but  sixty-six  warriors.  For  the 
dovernor's  otlicial  account  of  this  disaster,  see  Abb.  History  of  Ohio,  page 

The  Governor  was  himself  not  wanting  of  bravery.  He  did  all  he  could 
under  the  circumstances.  Fight  bullets  passed  through  his  clothes  and  hat. 
He  had  three  horses  killed  under  him.  The  men  who  tried  to  bring  up  the 
fourth  horse  fell  dead  with  the  animal,  and  the  invalid  Governor  was  com- 
pelled to  retreat  on  foot,  which  he  did  with  wonderful  alacrity. 

An  old.  worn-out  horse  was  overtaken  and  the  Governor  put  upon  that. 
and  but  for  that  timely  aid  he  would  have  been  left  upon  the  field  to  fall 
into  the  hands  of  the  savages.  Greatly  would  they  have  rejoiced  at  the 
opportunity  to  apply  the  torture  of  Crawford  to  another  "Big  Captain." 

We  are  compelled,  for  want  of  space,  to  omit  recording  any  of  the  very 
many  thrilling  scenes  connected  with  this  sad  page  of  frontier  history,  and 
will  only  mention  the  remarkable  fact  that  amongst  the  camp  followers  there 
were  no  less  than  two  hundred  and  fifty  women— they,  with  a  great  many  of 
the  men  in  the  ranks,  taking  it  for  granted  that  there  would  be  no  lighting; 
that  the  Indians  would  sue  for  peace:  that  garrisons  would  be  established, 
under  whose  protection  they  and  their  husbands  might  lind  new  homes. 
Fift\-six  of  these  were  killed,  and  tortured  even  more  brutally  than  the 
men.  Some  accounts  state  that  even  two  hundred  of  these  women  fell 
\  ict ims  to  savage  barbarity.  Some  time  after  this  disaster  an  old  squaw  was 
heard  to  say  that  "her  arm  got  very  tired  that  day  scalping  white  men." 
The  troops  never  stopped  in  their  retreat  until  Fort  .Jefferson  \\as  reached, 
thirl  \  miles  a wa>  . 

On  reaching  the  fort  and  finding  the  provisions  exhausted  there,  it  was 
thought  best  to  proceed  on  and  meet  the  wagons  loaded  with  provisions  that 
were  expected  even  da\  .  and  could  not  be  more  than  one  or  twoda\s" 
marches  ;i\\a> .  So  the  arm\ .  exhausted  and  terrified  as  it  was.  pressed  on 
at  leu  o'clock  that  night  and  met  the  wagons  the  next  morning.  A  part  of 
the  ilour  \\as  immediately  distributed,  and  the  balance  sent  on  to  the  fort. 
The  main  bod\  now  proceeded  to  ( 'incinnati  and  reported  at  Fort  Wash- 
ington. 

Three  distinguished  Indian  chiefs  led  the  battle  IJlue  .Jacket.  1'iiickoiiga- 
heias  and  Liule  Turtle.  These  were  men  of  remarkable  abilitx.  Little 
Turtle,  especially,  took  great  interest  in  bringing  his  tribe  to  adopt  civil i/.a- 
iion.  He  inouired  of  den.  Harrison  respecting  the  organi/.ation  of  the 
national  L;M\  eminent .  lie  met  Koscinsko  in  Philadelphia,  in  lsli'.  and 
•pule  ;;  \\aim  friend-hip  sprum_r  up  heiueen  them.  Little  Turtle  li\ed 
se\  erai  \  ears  after  I  he  late  war.  and  \\  a-  esteemed  for  his  wisdom,  courage 


ft 

IN  i  K'U'I  i    I  lnV  }l 

Tin1  most  simple  explanation  of  tin-  defeat  of  St.  ('lair  is.  that  he  was 
out-i;eneraled  by  chiefs  who  were  his  siipei  io|->  in  Indian  warfare. 

Ami  shall  we  ask  the  question  why  such  humane  chiefs  would  allow  these 
liorrihle  atrocities  to  he  perpetrated  he  fore  their  own  eyes'- 

l.'t  us  like  the  Yankee  way  by  asking  a  question  to  answer  another. 
Were  not  the  inquisitions,  the  crusades,  tin-  Imniinifs  at  stake  can  ied  on 
under  the  preach  inir  of  the  glorious  ijospe I  of  »Jesus  Christ,  pleading  for  lo\  e 
to  dod  and  your  fellow -man.  scenes  of  atrocity  equal  to  these  in  all  their 

horror? 

(.KM:K\I.  w  \\\i:'s  «  AMI-AK.N. 

St.  ( 'lair's  defeat  raised  a  fearful  storm  of  indignation  airaiiist  him.  lie 
was  a  man  greatly  esteemed  for  many  manly  traits  of  character.  He  was 
sincerely  devoted  to  the  public  welfare.  lie  was  lioril  in  1~:U.  He  recehed 
a  lilier.il  education,  studied  medicine,  joined  the  army  and  was  with  den. 
Wolf  at  the  storming  of  (Quebec,  in  17>i.",.  In  the  revolutionary  war  he  was 
appointed  Major-)  ieneral  and  stationed  at  Ticondero-_ra.  IJefoie  he  was 
appointed  ( inventor  of  the  northwestern  territory .  he  w  as  a  ineiuliei  of  the 
Continental  Congress,  and  succeeded  Hancock  as  chairman.  He  continued 
in  otlire  as  ( iovernor  until  he  was  removed  in  Isn^.  by  Thomas  Jefferson. 
He  died  on  the  :>lst  day  of  August,  MV  poor  in  means,  at  the  aire  of 
eighty  -four. 

The  s,id  fate  of  St.  ('lair's  army  spread  '_rrief  and  mourning  amongst  the 
frontier  settlements. 

Those  iii  the  Miami  country  were  abandoned.  Many  of  the  pioneers  went 
with  the  army  across  the  Ohio  river.  The  Indians  crowded  their  ravages 
upon  the  settlements,  and  liecanii'  so  hold  as  to  appear  in  the  streets  of 
Cincinnati  to  spy  out  a  plan  for  an  atl.u-k  upon  Fort  Washington. 

It  was  nearly  a  year  h -fore  Congress  took  any  action  in  the  matter.  I)ep- 
redatioiis  on  the  frontier  were  constantly  ^oini,r  on. 

<  ten.  S'.-ott .  soon  al't'M'  the  St.  Clair  disaster.  a<-hie\ed  a  complete  victory 
o\er  the  Inliaiis.  near  the  river.  Imt  stitistics  of  the  same  are  not  \er\ 
accessible,  an  1  particulars  are  wanting. 

New  trooj  is  were  gathered  al  t  he  falls  of  the  ( )h  in  for  another  ex  ped  it  inn. 
under  the  leadership  of  Anthony  Way  ne.  w  hos.-  inipe!  uosjty  ufa\'-  him  the 
iiam.-  of  ••  M;id  A  n'  hony ." 

\\"ayne  was  born  in  KaM»n.  reiiiisy  |\  ania.  on  ;h<-  Isth  day  of  January  . 
ITI'i.  lie  was  a  siir\c\or  at  ei^lil'-cii  \ears  o|'  auv.  In  177">  he  raised  a 
iv'/ini  -lit  of  \  oluiiteers.  and  b-cani"  its  Colonel,  lie  became  a  UriuMdiei - 
<  ieneral.  and  was  at  Krandy  w  in.-,  lie  led  the  capture  of  Stony  I'oint.  In 
17i'i;  (ten.  \\'ashinurlon  a|i|ioiirt  -il  him  successor  of  St.  ('lair  in  command 
o\  er  the  arms  of  the  nort h  w  est . 

In  Si -pi  em  her.  of  17'.<:;.  den.  \\'a\  m-  had  so  far  opjani/ed  hi-  army  as  to  be 
reacly  to  move  into  the  Indian  country.  He  ivacheil  I-',. it  .letlei-on  by  rapid 
marches.  This  fort  was  sit  uate  about  t  went  y  -li\  e  miles  south  w  est  of  xji|ue\  . 
'he  county  seat  of  Shelliy  county  .  lie  fortitied  the  camp  well,  ainl  caiie.l  it 
dreen  \  ille.  noyy  i  he  -eat  ol  just  ice  o|  I  )arke  coi  i  nt  y  .  1 1  ere  he  map  IP-  w  ini-T 
quarters.  Commissioners  had  been  sent  to  the  Inpliaiis.  y\  ho  lai'e.)  to 
conclude  a  peace,  inasmuch  as  the  Indians  deinandeil  ilia!  ai!  the  \\hile 

sellliMllents    should     In-     le|IIPi\ed     acp'ss     the    ('ill"     IINel'.    .Hid     the     llottliWes; 


}J  HISTORY     01      SKMH'A    C'OfNTY. 

belong  exclusive!)  to  the  Indians.  This  meant  resistance.  Hoth  sides 
prepared  for  war.  On  the  17th  day  of  October.  17!»:>.  Lieutenant  Lowry  and 
ensign  I5o\  d.  \\  ith  ninets  men.  while  escorting  to  camp  (ireenville  a  train  of 
(went)  wagons  loaded  with  grain  and  stores,  were  attacked  by  the  Indians, 
under  the  leadership  of  Little  Turtle.  The  Americans  were  totally  routed, 
losing  both  otlieers.  lifteen  men.  seventy  horses  and  all  their  wagons. 

On  the  i!lth  da\  of  August,  the  (ioveruor  of  Kentucky  had  furnished 
Wa\ne  \\itli  sixteen  hundred  mounted  volunteers,  under  the  command  of 
(ten.  Scott.  In  December.  Wayne  moved  upon  the  place  where  St.  ('lair 
was  routed,  built  a  fort  and  called  it  Fort  Recover).  The  place  is  now  in 
Mercer  county,  and  within  one  mile  of  the  Indiana  state  line.  It  was  on 
Christmas  da\  when  they  pitched  their  tents  on  the  old  battle  ground, 
liefore  the  men  could  make  their  beds  they  had  to  carry  away  the  bones, 
which  the)  buried  the  next  da\ .  Amongst  these  were  six  hundred  skulls. 
In  main  cases  the  sinews  still  held  the  bones  together.  Here  one  compam 
of  artillen  and  one  of  rillemen  were  left.  The  rest  returned  to  Fort 


ue  then  advanced  up  the  Auglai/e  to  the  Maumee.  Here  in 
tliever)  heart  of  the  enemy's  country,  lie  constructed  a  fort  and  called  it 
"  Fort  Defiance."  a  ver\  appropriate  name.  He  put  up  two  block  houses 
direct!)  between  the  junction  of  the  two  great  streams.  Stout  palisades 
enclosed  near!)  two  acres  of  ground.  A  wall  of  earth  outside  of  the  pickets 
\\asfaced\\ith  logs.  Heyond  that  a  ditch  was  dug  fifteen  feet  wide,  eight 
feet  deep,  filled  by  water  from  the  Auglai/.e. 

The  Indians  in  this  region  were  far  advanced  in  civili/.ation.  by  their 
intercourse  with  the  French,  and  the  eoiintr)  around  was  well  cultivated. 
More  than  a  thousand  acres  were  in  corn.  Apple  and  peach  orchards  had 
been  started,  (ieneral  Wa\ne  returned  to  (ireenville.  leaving  the  fort 
garrisoned.  The  troops  under  his  command  now  numbered  about  three 
thousand.  As  far  as  could  well  be  ascertained,  the  Indians  numbered 
about  two  thousand.  Mau\  Mritish  otlieers  and  Canadian  troops  were 
associated  with  them,  still  encouraging  the  savages  to  resistance. 

(ieneral  Wa\ue  was  under  full  instructions  from  (ieneral  Washington  as 
to  the  manner  of  procedure. 

The  Indians  \\atclied  all  these  works  closel)  and  resolved  to  make  a 
desperate  effort  to  capture  the  forts.  On  the  "dth  of  .June.  17M4.  some  lifteen 
hundred  I  nil  ia  us  with  several  companies  of  Canadians,  with  faces  blackened 
and  in  I  ml  ian  cost  nines,  led  b\  Brit  ish  otlieers  in  full  uniform,  made  a  furious 
attack  on  Fort  Keco\er\.  Major  Mc.Malion  was  encamped  just  outside  of 
the  works  with  one  hundred  and  lift)  troops.  The  enemy  rushed  upon  the 
detachment  and  assailed  the  fort  from  every  side,  but  were  repulsed  and 
compelled  to  abandon  the  field,  where  on  the  4th  da\  of  November.  17!»1 . 
the\  had  uaii-ed  so  urea!  a  victor) .  Major  Me  Ma  lion,  lieutenant  I  >rake  and 
luent)  other  otlirefs  \\ere  killed  and  thirl)  wounded.  The  loss  of  the 
eneni)  was  \t  r\  hea\\  :  the  exact  number  \\as  never  ascertained  until  it 
uas  disejosed  at  lhe  treat)  of  (ireem  ille. 

den.  \Va\  ne  ol,e\ed  \er\  closel)  the  instruct  ions  of  (ieneral  Washington 
e'.iii  to  tl.e  minute  rules  of  la\iim  off  a  camp.  Fort  Deliance  was  one 
lui'idnd  and  three  mil''-  from  ( ireem  ille.  N'o\\  \\a\ne  pressed  forward 


an.  I  i  low  ii  I  lit-  Mai  1 1  HIT  ti>  tin-  rapid.s.  some  foi  t)  -live  miles,  and  u  ilhin  sev  en 
miles  of  tlif  old  F.nulisli  Foil  Miami,  erected  Fort  Deposit.  The  arm)  tliat 
assembled  hen-  numliered  tu  o  thousand  regulars  and  eleven  hundred  i  illemeii. 
commanded  l>\  ( Jen.  Scott.  Scouts  m>\\  ranged  tliruimh  the  forest .  one  of 
\\  I  loin.  W  i  Ilia  m  Wells,  u  as  captured,  and  u  ho  h.nl  l>een  raised  |.\  tlit-  Indians 
ami  deserted  tin-in,  joining  hi>  oun  people.  Hi-  \\'as  iln-  adopted  son  of 
Little  Turtle. 

On  the  l.'lth  da)  of  August,  (it-ii.  Wavne  issued  a  v«-r>  interesting  procla- 
iiiatimi  t«i  tin-  Imlian  chiefs.  rtMjurstiiiK  tln-m  tomt-t-t  him  in  ycm-ral  roiiiicil. 
tor  the  purpose  of  airreeinu'  upon  tetni-^  of  peace.  IIi->  proposition  \\a> 

rejecteil     in    >lll)staiiee.       The\     >elll     hack    to    \\a\lie    a    lllfssaL'e.    xa\inir:    "If 

(ien.  \Va\ne  \\ill  remain  \\lien-  lie  i>  for  ten  ila\>.  ami  then  >eml  Miller  to 
i  is,  \\c  u  ill  treat  \\  itli  him;  hut  if  lie  advances  u  e  \\  ill  L.ri\  e  him  halt  le." 

(ien.  \\'a\m-  had  alreads  sent  his  arms  on  the  mari'li  and  met  the  messen- 
L,rers  on  their  return,  near  Fort  Mei^s.  The)  slated  that  the  Indians  \\ere 
dressril  ;md  painted  for  \\  ar. 

At  •;  o'clock  of  the  morniiiLC  of  tin-  'J'th  da\  of  August.  \\'a\ne  adxanccd 
from  F»rt  I>epo>it  and  look  position  at  l'i'esi|iu-  Isle.  Here  the)  met  and 
routed  the  s;i\aurcs  ami  ISritish  forces  from  l)eti'oit.  The  \idor\  \\as 
complete,  and  amongst  the  dead  enemies  \\ere  man)  \\hite-..  aimed  with 
]5riti>h  muskets  and  hasoiieis.  The  American^  encamped  for  three  da\s 
\\  it hin  sj^lit  of  the  I'.rit  ish  fort .  Messages  \\ere  passed  lietueeii  ( ien.  \\'a\  m- 
and  the  commander  of  the  fort,  as  to  the  rmrht  of  the  ISritish  to  its  occupa- 
tion. Major  < 'ampliell  refused  to  ^j\  e  ii|>  the  fort .  \\  hereupon  den.  \\'a\m- 
card'ull)  inspected  tlie  \\orks.  The  I'.i'itish  had  foiii-  hundred  and  lift)  men 
and  ten  pieces  of  artiller).  It  \\as  decided  not  to  attack  the  fort.  den. 
Harrison,  afterwards  1 'resident  of  the  I '  niled  Mates.  \\  as  aid  to  den.  \\'a\  ne 
in  t  his  campaign.  N'o\\  den.  \\'a\  ne  sent  out  his  ca\  air) .  \\  hich  laid  \\  as|e 
theuhole  \alli')  of  the  Mauiuee  for  lift)  miles.  Winter  approached,  ami 
the  Indians  \\  ere  dest  it  me  of  homes  and  pn>\  isjons.  |  n  >e|>temlier  another 
fort .  tort  \  -se\  en  mill's  from  Fort  IhTiance.  \\as  erected,  and  named  alter 
the  dem-ral.  I-'ort  \\a\ne.  I  ,ea\  ini_r  a  irarrison  here.  ((en.  \\a\ue  returned 

to  (  i  reel  i  \  ille  on    t  lie  _'"t  h   da)    of    N  o\  ellllier. 

The  Indians,  thus  left  in  utter  destitution,  uere  also  anxious  for  peace. 

According!)  .  in  -I  ul\  following,  a  general  council  \s  as  called  to  meet  near 
<  in-emille.  represented  on  the  part  of  t  he  I  mliaiis  l>\  the  chiefs  east  of  the 
Mississip|.i  ri\er.  Negotiations  continued  forsj\  \\eeks.  <  )n  the:ul  d;i)  "I' 
A  i  must  the  treatx  was  signed,  (ien.  \\'a\  ne  siLrned  in  he  ha  If  of  t  he  I '  nited 
States.  The  |ollo\\inur  tiihes  uere  represented:  Wvamlots.  I>elauares. 
Shau  nees.  (  )ttau  as.  Chippeuas.  1'otau  atomies.  Miamis.  1-iel  Rivers.  \\'ea>. 
Kick  ipoos.  IMaiikeshas  and  Ka>kaskia>. 

'1'he  treat)  of  dreenville  ended  fora  time  the  war  with  the  s,i\  a  ires  east 
of  the  M  ississippj.  This  u  as  m  real  it  v  t  he  end  of  the  war  of  the  re\  olul  ion. 

den.  \\  a)  ne  ue\  er  iecei\  ei|  the  honors  t  hat  u  ere  due  him  from  his  count  rv 

for     the     uiV.lt      services     lie     had      rendered.       At     the    close    of    the     Vear     17''li. 

retnriiinu  from  Detroit  to  the  eastern  states,  he  was  taken  sick  in  a  lo^ 
calim  at  I  're  si  pie  Isle,  now  Krie.  I'eiius)  |v  ania.  u  Inch  at  l  hat  t  i  me  u  as  a 
small  hamlet  in  the  wilderness,  .\fier  a  shoit  illness  he  died,  and  at  his 

reouest    was   l.mied    under   the    lla-    of    the    fort. 


}4  HISTORY     (>!••    SKNKCA    rOl'NTY. 

According  to  the  Treaty  of  Paris,  in  17.s;>.  the  British  military  post  at 
Detroit,  and  all  the  other  forts  within  the  reco«rni/ed  boundaries  of  the 
I'nited  States,  were  to  ha\e  been  withdrawn  "as  soon  as  convenient."  Vet 
for  more  than  ten  years  they  not  only  retained  these  posts,  but  supplied  the 
savages  with  munitions  of  war.  and  uryed  them  to.  and  helped  them  on.  in 
their  atrocities  against  the  frontier  settlers.  .John  .Jay  was  sent  over  to 
KiiLtland.  as  a  special  minister,  to  urye  the  amicable  evacuation  of  these 
forts.  Fort  Mei.u's  was  one  of  them  .  and  with  much  ditliciilty  succeeded  in 
obtaining  a  promise  that  his  re(|iiest  should  lie  complied  with  before  the  1st 
da\  of  .lime.  17!"'>.  The  posts  at  Detroit  and  Maumee  were  accordingly 
delivered  over  to  ( Jen.  Wa)  ne. 

Thereiiiion  the  whole  of  the  northwestern  territory  was  origan i/.ed  into 
live  counties.  Washington  county  embraced  all  the  territory  between  the 
Musk iii'4uni  and  the  Little  Miami,  extending  from  the  Ohio  river  forty  miles 
north,  with  Marietta  the  seat  of  justice.  Ail  that  portion  between  the  Little 
and  (ireat  Miami,  within  forty  miles  of  the  Ohio  river,  was  called  Hamilton 
county.  Cincinnati  the  county  seal.  Kuox  county  embraced  the  land  bet  ween 
the  (ireat  Miami  and  the  Wabash.  also  bordering  on  the  Ohio  river,  with 
Vinceiines  its  county  seat,  and  where  den.  Harrison,  while  (iovernor  of  the 
territory,  built  a  two-story  brick  house  for  a  residence,  which  the  writer 
saw  in  August.  IS7''>.  while  stumping  Indiana  for  Tilden.  The  county  of 
St.  ('lair  included  the  settlements  on  the  Illinois  and  Kaskaskia  rivers,  as 
well  as  those  on  the  upper  Mississippi,  with  Kaskaskia  for  its  seat  of  justice. 
Waxne  county  embraced  all  the  Maumee.  Raisin  and  Detroit  rivers,  with 
Detroit  for  its  comity  seat,  taking  in  the  whole  of  Michigan  and  a  part  of 
Indiana. 

This  vast  region,  then  embracing  but  very  few  and  very  small  settlements 
of  white  people,  reaching  from  Fort  Pitt  to  the  Mississippi  river,  over 
howling  forests  and  oceans  of  prairies,  is  now  teeming  with  millions  of 
happy,  prosperous  and  intelligent  people.  Where  once  the  birch  canoe  was 
the  onl\  mode  of  travel  over  the  still  waters  of  the  Ohio  and  Mississippi, 
the  stately  steamboat,  with  its  comforts  and  luxuries,  is  "queen  of  all  she 
surveys."  while  railroads  ami  telegraph  lines  cut  the  country  in  every  direc- 
tion, furnishing  means  to  interchange  both  thought  and  tratlie. 

We  \\  ill  imt  undertake  a  more  extended  descripl  ion  of  the  various  settle- 
ments made  in  Ohio  after  the  t  real)  of  ( •  reenville.  and  refer  the  kind  reader 
to  the  more  elaborate  historx  of  Ohio,  eontininn1  ourselves  more  closely 
hereafter  to  e\en!s  particular!)  tending  to  affect  the  subject  of  our  task. 

Karl)  in  the  \ear  IT'.tii.  arrangements  were  made  to  establish  a  colony  in 
that  pail  of  Ohio  knounasthe  Western  Reserve.  A  surveying  part)  was 
sent  out.  which,  coast  iny  a  Ion  LI'  t  lie  shores  of  Lake  Krie.  landed  on  the  1th 
of  .In!)  at  1  he  nioiit  li  of  a  little  stream  called  <  'oimeaut .  Here  the)  celebrated 
their  landing  da)  and  the  anni\  ersir\  of  the  birth-day  of  the  republic  at  the 
same  lime.  This  company  consisted  of  lifty-two  persons,  onh  two  of  \\hom 
\\erc  females.  Mix.  Stile-,  and  Mr->.  (iiiuii.  There  \\as  one  child.  The  next 
morning  !he\  commenced  the  building  of  a  lar.Li'e  blockhouse,  which  was  to  be 
Iheir  il\\i  Iliun'  place  and  -lore  IHMIM'  at  the  same  lime,  and  called  it  "Stow 
(  asl  le.  This  lit  t  |e  co|i  in)  -^u  Ib-red  \  ei  \  111 1 lc 1 1  from  exposure,  wa lit  of  food. 


tin-  ineleinem-\  •  >!'  the  folliiu  in-;  \\inter.aml  ili>ea-,e  im-Menl^  l"  trmiti'-i 
lite. 

Kilogram-,  1'i-L.Mii  t"  lI'H-k  into  tin-  K'-->er\ '•  in  emiMilerahn-  nniiil>er^.  ami 
roiiiiii'-iH-fil -.ell li'iu -lit-,  in  various  pla<-e-,  -Miim-  »!'  tln-^e  liftrt  n  m-  tuent> 
inilo  a\\  a>  tr»in  th-  m-aie>i  \\liit-  m-i^hlior.  The  har'Miip-»  em-mintereil 
li\  tlie>e  jsolal  -il  vtllers  are  easier  iiii.itjini-il  tli. in  i|es.-i  ilit-il.  Ii  i f.|niri  (I  a 
hill  ila\\  joiirii")  t>  tin  1  a  in-i_'li)>  •!•  t>  ,I>M^;  in  ->n-kii  •-•>.  «v  an\  other 

elm-l'iTi-lieN  . 

AS  '•;i\'l\  a->  17-Vi  lln-ie  ua-a  Fiem-h  trailing  p"s!  mi  iln-  hanks  "I  tin- 
( 'n\  alu'^.i  ri\er.  near  thf  ni"Ht!i  t>f  \\liifh  the  ln-anl  il'nl  rit\  of  ('l<-\rlaml 
iiu\\  --l.uiil-'.  '1'i-n  \r,u->  aM'T  I!P-  laii-liii'4  i't'  tin-  pii'ii'-iT-  al  <  "iiin-.tnl .  a 
Mi>ra\ian  ini-^h  >nar\ .  /.i-i-dri  -^i-r  l>\  nuiin-.  uith  -i-\ri,;!  lii'liaii  i-i.n\i-rN. 
It- I't  1  >i-l  ri'it  in  a  \I->-M-I  callnl  tin-  M;u-kiua\s  .  aii'l  ca--t  anrhur  al  llit-  nmntli 
of  tin-  <  'u\  a!n>-_M.  'l'ln->  iln-n  a^'-i-irl'-il  l!i--  >U'--ani  '--n  mi!.  >  in  tin-  ili-M-rlnl 
villas--  "1"  lln-  o:ta\\.i>.  \\in-r.-  lhr\  >  •:  i !  •  1.  ,ui  I  i-al!'-'l  lh  •  (ilan-  ••  I'il-^rini  '•* 
lii->l ."  In  111'1  I'.i!!  <>t'  IT1.".,  tin-  >nr\  i'\i'i'».  u  li"  la  in  Ifil  at  I  '"inn-ant .  aih>  and  I 
!o  (lit-  nii'iilli  ul  tin-  ( 'ti\  ;ih»'_,ra  anJ  lai'l  mil  tin-  plan  »\  a  ri;\  \\hirh  tin  \ 

naiiK-il  »  !.-\  t-laii'l.  in    1 T  «!    (it-n.  M.^.--.   ( 'lc\  cl;itnl.  tin-  ;)•_'•  ul  .•!    tin-  laial 

ri>!iipan\ .  Hi-  ua>  a  lav,  \  c|-  •  it'  ( 'anti-rlnirv  .  ( 'miin'i-t  iciit .  a  man  »t'  n-'ti-  a!i  I 
wraith. 

1  >ni'inir  I  In-  >  i-ar  IT'.ni.  the  <  'Dimcctiriit  I .  iinl  ( '•  inipanv  r»n^t  nn-tfil  t  hf  I'n  ~' 
mail  mi  tin-  !!<•-' T\  f.  It  ran  t'ruin  tin-  lVnn->\  l\  ania  line  in  ( 'lt-\  r  lain  I.  I-'nmi 
IT'"1'  tn  l-«'Mi  tlii-!'-  \\a>  I'Ut  inn-  uliiti-  t'amil\  in  < '!t-\  i-lainl  that  «\  Mai" 
('art--!'.  !•'.  i  n  i  LT  ra  n  t  --  -~""ii  llii.'kfil  in  ami  inaili-  i|iiiti-  a  lit  t  !••  i-"l"ii\  inl^n,. 
Tin'  Iinlian>  ~-""ii  i-iiinnn-iici'il  i-mnin^  t"  < 'l<-\  rlan«l  to  iln  lln-ir  tra-litm. 
Tlu-\  "prut  tin- \\  intrr  in  hunting,  ainl  in  tin1  ->priim'  ilm-ki'il  l"  ( '!i-\  rlam1 . 
trailfil  "IT  tln-ir  I'ur^.  ami  n-t  nrm-il  t"  tln-ir  linim1^  mi  tin1  ^amln^k\  ami 
Mamm-f.  (  )tln-r  ri'!iipanic«i  "!'  i-miLrrant>  t'"ll"\scil  t'rmn  linn-  t"  timr. 

Tin-  niii^ranlv  I"  <  >hi"  t'r"iu  Ni-u  l-ji^laml  ami  tin-  iniilillr  Matr.s  n-nall\ 
tra\i-li-il  in  uairmi^  until  tln-\  >lrm-k  tin-  <  )lii".  al  \\'  In-i-lin^.  Tln-\  lln-n 
I  uuk  In  >als  ami  lli  >al  nl  diiun  the  river  M-\  era  I  1  in  in  I  in  I  miir>.  Im-ai  inur  here 

ami    1 1  |i' I  e.    U  In-I  e\  el'  tViemK  ha'l   a>l\  i^nl    them    t"  ur".  "1     I  lllele^I    lei  I.        In    I  lie 

\ear  IT'"'.,  l  In-  \sh"!e  uhile  ptipnlat  ion  "I  the  norlhu  extern  tiiril"i\  \\a^ 
•  •-nmateil  a!  ."i.  i  u  HI  -,niih.  'riie\  \\ere  u'ei  tera  1 1  >  >cattereil  a!miLr  the  l>ank-<  "! 
the  M  n>l\  in.;  i  mi.  *«i-ii  >|i  i  ami  M  iami .  ami  I  heir  aillnenl-^.  :•>  \\  it  hin  lit  t  \  niih-^ 
"I  ihe  l  Mil"  ri\  er. 

( 'i iM-iii i ial  i  then  emit.iineil  mn-  Immlrei!  l"'jf  eahin-^.  ahmil  mie  iln/.-n  i  raim- 
hmi-^i  •-.  ami  ^i\  hnmlre'l  i  nhal  >l\  anl  >. 

( 'n!.  Ma^^ie.  a  \'  ir^'in  ian .  i  n  1 7  >'<.  h  i\  iir_r  >  'i-nre  I  l.iru'e  1"  "1  :•  '^  "l  e\<  ellent 
laml  \v  e-'t  "I  tin-  •">••!"!».  npi'ii  lln-  I  n  aiii'ln---  "I  I'aint  ei'eek.  ereeteil  a  --talimi 
m-ai  th«-  nimiih  «\  ;!:••  ereek.  ami  --""ii  at'Ii-r  ianl  "ill  a  ;"\sn  three  mi!i-x 
al"  >\  i-.  'I'll  i->  I  i\\  n  lh"  I  ml  ia  n^  e.illei  |  ( 'h  illii-nt  In1.  \\  h  irli  mi-an>  l"\\  n.  The 
!"\\n  iii'-i'ea^eil  \rr\  |-.i|ii'l!\  in  pi'"p"i't  imi--.  I'miu'iM  n!  -  \\i-n-  inn^'antl) 
ai  1 1\  iir_r.  1 1  u  a  •  tin-  iii  ^t  1 .  >\\  n  \\  e^t  n\  lln-  mmin!  1 1 1 1  ->  \\  h  ieh  \".  a>  1  'in  It  in 
p.-aee  an-l  i|iiiel  M  ie.  uml  --I  m  '. "-'I  1 1\  I  ml  ian  al  rm-il  ie>.  t  >;  hi-i  i-mi^rani  • 

a-%  -eli-le.l    tin-    M  M  -'u  : ! '  J.  '<  I  1 1 1    I  "    /.  i  I  n-^\  1  !  le  . 

The    >eltlemenl-  "Ii    the     I>i'!r''il     ami     Maiilin-i-     l'i\  er>    \\eli-    aiiln   Veil    I"  tin- 

'-"mils  "I  \\.i\ii''.  l>i-ii'"i!  \'>a->  tin-  scat  "l  jn--tiee.  T\\n  inM  re-_riment^ 
tMrri-mieil  ilii-,.-  |,.:-t-  MI  IT1-.  I'r,.-  .--.::n;;  •  ,  .-mp:  ,  -•••!  I  !ii  uh-'le  in'ii' 


western  territory.  Forty  miles  abo\e  Chillicothe  there  \\eiv  three  or  four 
cabins  near  the  riii'hl  bank  of  t  lie  Scioto.  at  Franklinton.  now  incorporated 
\\itliin  the  city  ol'  Coliiiiilnis.  A  few  vagabond  whites,  who  had  -riven  up 
CJN  ili/.al ion  for  barbarism,  were  scattered  amongst  tin-  Indians,  and  as  the 
.sett  leiuents  of  tin-  pioneers  were  extended  alonur  the  trails  of  the  Indians, 
the  savages,  both  white  and  red.  retreated  furtlier  into  the  interior.  New 
rounties  bewail  to  lie  or^aiii/.ed  in  proportion  as  ne\v  settlements  sprang  up 
in  e\ ery  direct  ion. 

For  eiirht  years  Cincinnati  had  lieen  the  centre  of  military  preparations. 
and  the  sounds  of  the  hii.u'le.  the  life  and  druni  re\  erberated  through  her 
strcet>  and  alonu'  the  hills  that  fringed  the  beautiful  stream. 

No\\  all  uas  peace  and  order,  and  the  hum  of  busy  life  took  the  place  of 
\\ar  and  preparations  for  u  ai .  Cincinnati  started  on  her  ureat  mission  of 
commercial  greatness. 

The  strongest  tide  of  emigration  Mowed  into  the  valley  of  the  Scioto.  so 
famous  for  it-,  fert  ility.  its  level  plains  and  rich  bottom  lands.  The  ( to\  ernor 
oi'^ani/cd  a  new  count  y .  called  Koss.  of  which  Chillicothe  was  the  seat  of 
justice.  Then-  \\  ere  t  hen  luit  three  cabins  between  this  town  and  the  I  lock - 
hockiim  ri\er.  The  counti'v  about  Lancaster  belonged  to  the  \\"yandots. 
\\  In  i  c  ihe\  had  a  loun  of  bai'k  huts,  emit  a  in  in.^  a  po)i  illation  of  about  li\  e 
hundred.  \\  lio  u'raduallv  \\  ithdre\\  to  their  brethren  at  I'pper  Sandusky. 

This  \ear  17. is  .  as  >!IONN  n  b\  the  census  taken  at  thi-~  time,  the  population 
of  the  lerritot'N  amounted  to  UN  c  thousand  free  \\hite  males.  The  people 
\N  en-  therefore  ent  it  led.  b\  the  ordinance  of  ITsT.  to  NN  hat  NN as  called  a  second 
Li'rade  of  territorial  ;jo\  eminent .  (  ION  .  St.  Clair  accord inyly  issued  a  jiroela- 
mat  i«  •)!  oi'deriim"  an  election  to  lie  held  in  the  several  counties  on  the  third 
MoiidaN  of  December,  following,  to  elect  twenlN  representat  i\  es  to  ser\  e 
a>  a  LONN  er  I  IOIIM-  o|'  l  he  Territorial  I,e^i>lat  lire. 

The  men  elected  N\  e  re  i^en  t  leineii  of  the  lii'st  order  of  intelligence  and 
pal  rioi  i-^m.  and  NNere  unsurpas>ed  li\  aiiN  legislative  bod\  that  has  met  in 

<  >hio  al   aiiN   iime   hitherto.     The)    met  at  Cincinnati  on  the  tirst   Monday  in 
|-'ebruar> .  ITM'.i.      l-jl  NN  ard  Tit!  in  was  one  of  them.      lie  NNas  after  Nvards  elected 

<  .o\  ernor.  as  we  sliall  presently  see.     This  Territorial  I.e^islat  lire  nominated 
t'-n  men    to   the    President    of  the    1'nited    States   to   ser\e   as   a    Legislative 

<  oimcil. 

The  lirst  regular  session  of  the  Legislature  was  to  he  held  at  Cincinnati 
nil  the  ]r,tli.  but  did  no!  or^rani/.e  until  the  jotli  of  September,  and  continued 
for  nearly  three  months.  It  is  said  that  the  address  of  the  (icivernor  \vas 
remarkable  for  its  polished  diction.  ('apt.  William  II.  Harrison,  subse- 
quently President  of  the  I  nited  States,  was  elected  lirst  delegate  to  <  'on stress. 

Congress,  in  order  to  pre\ent  lar.Lfe  bodies  of  land  from  fallinir  into  the 
hand--  of  ^peculators  N\ho  uoiild  check  emigration  by  ^really  advaiieinii 
Ihe  price.  deN  is'-d  a  mode  of  survey  and  sale,  by  which  the  public  lands 
.-1 Id  be  laid  off  into  snudl  I  racis  and  held  open  for  sale  to  any  indi\  idiial. 

In  1  -oo  'i'i  MinlHill  county  NNas  orirani/ed  in  the  Western  Iicserve.  and  an 
imnietis.-  populalion  lloNNed  in  from  IVmisy  !\  ania.  In  IMI]  the  state  o| 

<  'Hi'iect  ieiit  relinquished  her  claim  of   jurisdiction  of  the  \\estern  HeseiNe. 

.   'id    r"eeJNed   a   tille   ill   fee  Dimple  of    the  soil   I'loni   the    1'liiled   Mates. 

'ii  tin-  se-sjon    n|    IMMI.   Congress   diNided    Ihe    iiort!i\Ne>1ern    territorv    into 


IN  1  K'  •!•!    i    I  1 1  >N.  .:.  7 

tun  parts.  'I'll*1  eastern  pi>rtin:i.  \\hirli  contained  MMH  o  sipiaiv  miles, 
embraced  tin-  regions  nt  ohm  aii-l  Michigan.  This  was  still  called  the 
north  w  estern  territnrv .  Tin-  li.ilancr.  called  tin-  I  IP  Han  t-Trit"r> .  c  mn  prised 
all  I  la-  cull  nl  rv  from  tin-  ( •  ival  Miami  l»  t  lie  Mississippi .  ami  fmm  I  lie  <  Mii» 
river  mi  the  snl  it  ll  tn  I  ,a  kc  ->l  1 1  >«•  n<  >r.  alii  1  the  s,  t\  \  rces  of  t  he  M  i  ssjssj ).)  ii  nil 
the  north.  r»ntainiii'_:  IMHMMI  square  miles.  im\\  embraced  in  the  states  of 
I  llinois.  1  mliana  and  Wisconsin. 


Ill  consequence  of    his  a  U  I'll!  det'eal  .  (  in\  .  St  .  <  'lail    lierallie  V  erv    Unpopular. 

as  show n  li>  the  lii's  t  eleetinn  ni'  < tov  enmr.  'I'he  censn-~  nt'  IMMI  slm\\ed  a 
|fn|Uilatiii!i  iv\er  \\liicli  he  |>re>ided  nt  ll'.IHHi.  a  Illlllllier  lai'LTe  enniiu'll  In 

entit le  the  ter!'itnr\  in  admi^ii m  ititn  the  I 'nimi  as  a  state.  Pet  itiniis  \VIT«' 
l«re->eiited  tn  cnn^n^s  t'nr  that  pnr|m^e. 

( )n  the  :;nth  da>  nl'  A  pril.  IMIJ.  an  act  \va^  j»as>ed  li\  ( 'oiiLrrrss.  auth<ni/inur 
the  call  nf  a  cnii\  «'ii(inn  tn  I'nrm  a  >tate  cnn>tit  lit  inn  t'nr  a  state  in  IK-  called 
the  State  nf  (  Hiin. 

'I'he  cnlixelitinn  a^^emliled  at  Chillicnthe  nil  the  1st  da\  nt'  N  o\  einlier.  and 
nn  the  L.t>th  nf  the  same  nmnth  a  constitution  \\a-~  ratilied  and  signed  li\  the 
ineiiihei's.  It  became  the  t'uiidamental  law  ol'  the  state  \\  itlmut  hein^let't 
•i>a\oteli\  the  people,  and  remained  Mich  t'nr  nearl\  !it't>  \eai>  thereafter. 

'The  cniist  itut  ion  created  three  departments  of  LTO\  eminent  e\eciiti\e. 
let,ri>lat  i\  e  and  judicial.  The  le^islatin'e  was  composed  of  a  senate  and 
house  of  representatives.  The  jndiciar>  department  was  \ested  in  the 
supreme  court .  circuit  courts,  and  justices  of  the  peace.  The  judges  \\  ere 
elected  li\  Joint  1. allot  nf  both  houses  of  the  legislature,  for  a  period  of 
se\en  \ear>.  The  justices  of  the  peace  \\ere  Heeled  b\  the  people  nf  each 

lo\\n>hip  I'nr  three  \ears.as  nn\\.  St.  ( 'lair,  as  a  candidate  for  (io\ernor. 
received  but  feu  voles.  |-'.d \\ard  Titlinuas  almost  the  unanimous  choice. 
The  boundaries  nf  the  Mate  \\ere  lived  as  the\  nn\\  are. 

I5\  act  of  con^res^  the  sixteenth   s'M-jiuii  in  each   township  \\as   set   apart 

for  t  he  use  of  schools.  The  salt  springs  \\  ere  reser\  ed  to  the  state,  and  three 
per  cent,  of  the  prnceeds  of  the  sale  of  the  public  lands  \\as  to  be  Used  fill' 

i  he  construct  inn  nf  roads. 

The  lifst  legislature  nr^aili/ed  seven  lie\\  enmities.  There  \\ere  linvv 
lifteen.  The  whnle  imrt  h  \\  es|  crii  part.  beinur  more  than  one-half  of  the 
state.  \\as  in  the  possession  of  Indians. 

The  I'u  st  emir!  in  ( •  reene  count  >  \\  as  held  in  a  IOLT  cabin.  (Jen.  i  >en  jam  in 
\Vliitluan  \\  as  the  presidi  i  iir  j  in  I  ire.  1 1  e  had  a  friend  b\  t  he  name  ot  I  >,t\  is 
\\  ho  had  a  mill  near  \<\  .  While  the  court  \\  as  in  session .  1  >a\  is  and  aimt hPr 
man.  \\  Imm  I  >a\  is  had  accused  nf  stealing  his  hn^  had  a  liuht .  and  1  >a\  is 
uhipped  him.  \\  ith  his  hair  and  clothes  badlv  disheveled  and  bruises  on 
his  face,  he  came  into  court,  and  approaching  the  table  where  the  iud:,re  sat. 
addressed  his  neighbor  t  Inis  :  ••  |',eii..  I  ha\  e  whipped  that  cussed  hov;  t  hief. 
\\'hat's  the  damage  y  What's  to  pav  '.'  'I'here's  m\  purse.  Take  u  hat's 
riirht ."  He  put  down  his  purse  and  shaking  his  clenched  I'M  at  the  judu'e. 
con  I  in  ned  :  "Den.,  if  v  on'd  steal  mv  lm^  I'll  be  handed  if  I  v\  mi  Id  n't  whip 
von  ton."  l-;i^ht  dollars  paid  line  and  costs. 

There  is  also  a  '_rood  storv  i,,],|  that  occurred   some  time  aft-TVN  ards   while 


or   SKNKCA   ou'NTY 


Jiid^'e  'i'a}>i>aii  uas  mi  the  bench  in  some  county  in  the  Miami  valley.  The 
ronrt  was  lield  in  a  lo»-  rahin  and  a  stable  close  by  \vas  used  as  a  jail.  A 
trial  had  just  been  closed  and  the  jnd^e  was  char^in^  the  jury.  The 
defendant  in  the  case  was  a  man  who  had  an  enemy  in  the  crowd.  This 
man  spoke  out  occasional!)  and  approvingly  o!'  what  the  jud^e  said, 
lie  was  an  old  •friend  of  Judsje  Tappan  and  felt  perfectly  at  liberty  in 
speaking  to  the  jud^e  at  any  time,  as  he  pleased.  -Indue  Tappan  was 
near-sighted,  and  when  this  man  in  the  crowd  would  repeat  his  interruptions 
by  saying.  "That's  ri.^ht  !  Ljive  it  to  him  jud.ye."  "(iive  it  to  him  old  gimlet 
eye."  etc..  the  jud^e  stopped  ill  his  charge  to  the  jury,  and  asked  :  "Who  is 
that  man  making  this  disturbance?"  The  man  spoke  up  and  said:  "It's 
this  old  horse,  jnd^e!"  Jud^e  Tappan  then  spoke  up  (jiiickly  and  saidr 
••SherilT  !  take  thai  old  horse  to  the  stable  and  feed  him  on  bread  and  water 
twenty-four  hours!"  The  order  was  promptly  executed  and  the  court 
proceeded. 

There  was  neither  a  pleasure  carriage  nor  a  bridge  in  the  state  at  this 
time.  Men  wore  homespun  and  buckskin  clothes.  Women  wore  linsey 
woolsey;  and  Max.  hemp  and  wool  were  all  the  materials  from  which 
clothing  was  constructed  for  Sunday  wear,  spun  by  the  family  and  woven 
by  the  family  oral  the  loom  of  some  neighbor.  Settlers  were  compelled  to 
keep  doLjs  for  the  protection  of  their  calves,  sheep,  ho.t^s  and  poultry. 

As  a  general  rule  the  rille  was  used  to  keep  the  family  in  meat  from  the 
^ame  in  the  forest. 

Ohio  was  now  a  state  and  a  member  of  the  Federal  I  "nion.  starting  on  her 
proud  career. 

The  first  le^islat  lire  met  at  Chillicothe  on  the  lirst  day  of  March.  IM).1;. 
The  territorial  laws  were,  so  far  as  was  thought  practicable,  embraced  in 
the  new  state  laws.  .Indies  were  elected,  courts  or^ani/ed.  the  practice 
rcLTiilaleil  and  provisions  made  for  the  election  of  justices  of  the  peace.  A 
secretary,  an  auditor  and  a  treasurer  of  state  were  appointed  and  their 
duties  prescribed.  Law-  were  passed  for  leasing  school  lands  and  salt 
reservations.  Senators  were  elected  to  Congress  and  laws  passed  for  the 
election  of  members  to  ihe  House  of  Representatives. 

While  this  legislature  was  in  session  the  treaty  for  the  purchase  of 
Louisiana  was  concluded  w  iih  France  under  President  Jefferson. 

The  second*  icnera  I  Assembly  met  in  Chillicothe  in  December.  I  so;:.  At  this 
session  l;iw>  were  passed  enabling  aliens  to  hold  title  to  lands:  to  make 
appropriations  of  the  three  per  cent,  fund  for  roads,  to  improve  the  revenue 
system,  to  regulate  the  duties  of  justices  and  constables,  to  regulate  the 
common  law  and  chancery  practice  of  tlir  state.  In  |so;i-pi  the  laws  were 
re\ised.  (ten.  Lew  is  Cass  was  the  iirsl  person  admitted  to  practice  law  in 

the   !n  'I'l  ll  W  est  ei  ||   teri'ili  <V\  . 

Aboul  this  lime  ihe  Indians,  who  had  beha\ed  well  from  the  time  of  the 
treaty  of  dreenxille.  beuan  to  resist  the  tide  of  emigration  setting  in 
westward.  The  celebrated  Tecuniseh.  aided  and  encouraged  by  llritish 
inlluence  and  supported  by  his  brut  her.  "The  Piophet ."  soon  made  it  e\  ident 
thai  the  we>t  was  a^ain  about  to  experience  a  repetition  of  savage  warfare. 
In  Isll  i, en.  Harrison,  dovernor  of  the  Indian  Territory,  residing  at 
Vincennes.  marcheil  against  the  town  of  "The  Prophet."  upon  the  Wabash. 


IN  1  K"I>1    >    I  l«  >N.  ;.; 

ami  arrived  at  Tippecatioe  on  the  >'-tli  of  No\eml>ei .  This  was  their  principal 
town.  Il»  re  In-  w  as  an  I  l.\  Indian  messenger-  with  whom  an  agreement 
was  niailt-  tliat  hostilities  should  not  take  place  lie  fore  tin-  m-M  iimrniii'_'  ami 
that  then  an  .iinicaMe  conference  -hould  In-  ht-lil.  .In-l  heloie  da\-hieak. 
how  e\  IT.  the  sa\  aur'-v  in  \  iolat  i"ii  of  theii  eii-_ML,rement .  made  a  sudden  and 
fnrioiis  attack  n|nin  the  troop-  in  their  encampment.  Nothing  hut  the 
precaution  of  sleeping  in  order  of  battle,  on  their  arin>.  sa\ed  the  troop-, 

tlon  I  a   total  del  eat.       N  ilieleeli-t  U  elit  ieths  ot"  <  .en.    I  lai'l  'i-on's  men    had    lie\e| 

been  iii  an\  l>atlle.  l>nt  t!n-\  l'elia\ed  in  excellent  manner,  like  \eieran>. 
(ien.  Harrison  had  onl\  al'oiit  -»e\en  Inindied  men.  Tin-  lndian>  \\eie 
nearl\  a  tlioii^and  >t!onif.  The  . \inei  icans  lost  thirtv -se\  en  killed  and  one 
hundred  ;.nd  lil'lv  \\oiindtd.  The  Indian^  lo>t  t'ort>  killed.  The  nnml>er  o| 
wounded  \sa>  unknown.  The  little  town  o)  The  I'ropliet  \\a-~  laid  in  aslie.-. 
The  Indians  were  lei't  \ei\  much  enraged  against  (he  j^o\ernnient.  llarii^on 

I'et  limed   to   \'  incelilies. 

Aii  incident  nmM  l>e  recorded  lieie  that  occurred  in  that  \  ear  w  hieli.  in  iN 
l>eariiiLr  on  the  1'ntniv  ot'  America.  wa>  worth  nion-  than  a  thousand  Uttlle-.. 
"A  sti  iiml'oat  started  t'lom  rittslnii-i:h  dow  n  the  ( )hio  |,'i\  er  lioiind  for  New 
(  >rlean>." 

The  Indian  name  of  Teciim.-eh  means  "( 'nuiehin^  1'anther."  The  name 
of  "The  I'ropliet "  wa>  ••(  Mliuachica."  The\  were  twin  l>rotheix  of  the 
Siiawnee>  tiilie.  "The  1'iopliet"  wa>  an  orator  of  urreal  I'eiiow  n  and  a 
reliuioii--  teacher.  Teeiim-i  h.  from  his  al>ilitie>  as  a  warrioi'  and  >tate>man. 
would  ha\e  attained  t  mint  lice  in  an>  nation  <>\  the  urlol.e.  The\  were  l.orn 
near  ( 'hillici  >t  he/ 

The  I'oiilt  of  the  1  attle  of  Tippecanoe.  no  donlit.  ilro\e  thousands  of  tin- 
Indians  into  the  M- i  \  ice  of  the  IJiMl  i>h  in  the  late  w  ar  w  it  h  the  1  niled  Males, 
t  he  elements  for  which  w  ere  then  a  1  read  \  Bailie  rim,'  proport  ion-,. 

In  1-^lL'  the  second  war  with  I. real  Uritain  commenced.  A  council  of 
1 1  nl  ia  n-  and  1  !ri!  i-li  met  at  Maiden  in  (  'an  ad  a.  A  W  \  a  i  idol  (  'hiet .  \\"all\-in- 
Ihe-  \\'aiei .  a  '^i  eat  w  ai  rior  and  orator,  w  a^  present .  Hound  I  lead,  a  not  her 
\\' \andot  Chief  ti  oiu  Canada,  and  two  other  \V\andot  Chiefs,  together  w  it  h 
Ti  cnm-eh  and  hi-  \<\  »\  her.  ]iled'^i  d  !  heir  -npport  to  the  I  !i  it  i-h. 

I '.lack  Id  "t.  a  not  hi  r  \\  \  andot  Chie! .  was  1 1  iendh  to  the  A  nun  can-.  1  !•• 
i-  >|ioken  ot  a-  a  nohle.  ^eneroii^  man.  and  a  un  at  orator.  >o  \\a-  al-o 
I'.ct  w  i  i  n-tln  -lo->.  another  \\  \andot  (  hut  wl.iin  the  antl;or  once  -aw  at 
T\  Iliochtee. 


K.  1 111  n  .1 .  Mei'_'>  w  as  •  .o\  ei  iior  ol  nhio.  \\ '  illi.'.m  1 1  nil  w  a-  I  io\  ei  nor  "I 
t  In  Tei  riti  it  \  oi  Michigan.  1 1  nil  w  a-  ordered  to  ra i-e  l  roop-, a nd  lake  cliaru'e 
ot  t  he  po-t  a:  1  id  i  "it .  Ohio  raised  I  In ee  n  ui men! -  ot  \  ohmiei  r>  lor  t  In.  c 
1 1 1"  nl  h-.  '1  In  \  i  cnde/\  oii-cil  at  1  >a\  ton  and .  \\  hen  ;<  >\  in  d  l-\  a  !  c^iincn '  o| 
i  e«_'iilai  -.  n  n  ml  'i  1 1  d  _\  i  o  men.  The\  i  cached  t  In-  Ma  i;  nn-e  ai  I  '<  i  i  s  -1  >n r-  h 
on  the  .''nt  h  ot  .1  nne.  h"i  da\  s  after  lea\  inu  I  >a\  ton .  w.  it  h  II.M  \\  au"ii-.  The 
i  oad  had  to  1  '!•  cut  l<  >\  in-.ii  \\  t  he  w  IP  >le  d  i-ta  IMC.  I  _n  m  j  |i  ^.  t  hi  ou^l,  -\\  amp- 
and  den--  lores!-.  The\  ,  io-M'd  the  Maunicc  in  hoats  and  reached  I>ctn>it 
on  the  .'ith  of  .1  nl\  .  The  I  !rit  i-h  erected  a  loi  t  on  t  he  oppo-itc  -ide  of  tln- 
ri\ei.  and  on  tin-  l.'.th  "t  An^n-t.  (ten.  I'.io.k.  tin-  I'-riti-h  i  "iiimandci. 


40  HIsloKY     (>K    SIMTA     (Dl'NIA. 

summoned  Hull  1"  surrender.  This  hein.u1  refused,  they  commenced  to 
lioinliiinl  and  stnnu  the  fort.  The  Mritisli  force  consisted  of  seven  hundred 
regulars  and  six  hundred  savau'es. 

The  Americans,  except  their  commander,  \\ere  anxious  and  ready  for 
battle.  Their  numbers  exceeded  that  of  the  enem\  b\  two  to  one.  When 
e\  er\  soldier  in  the  foil  was  waiting  f»>r  the  order  to  lire.  they  were  ordered 
to  la\  down  their  arms,  which  they  reluctanth  obeyed  and  a  white  llaj;  was 
raised  on  the  fort . 

"\Vitlioiit  shedding  a  drop  of  blood."  says  At  water,  without  tiring  a  single 
LTUII.  the  fort  witli  all  its  cannons,  taken  with  M  unjoin  at  Saratoga  from  tlie 
Mrilish.  with  a  vast  amount  of  powder,  lead,  cannon  balls  and  all  munitions 
of  war.  all.  all  were  unconditionally  surrendered  to  the  enemy.  Let  us  see: 
J.">(Ki  men  with  all  their  arms;  il.">  pieces  of  iron  cannon,  and  s  brass  ones; 
4(1  barrels  of  powder  all  were  surrendered  to  about  1, (MM)  militia  and  a  few 
Indians,  ('ass  and  McArthur  were  amongst  the  prisoners. 

The  whole  of  Michigan  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  Mritish. 

Two  years  thereafter  (Jen.  Hull  was  tried  before  a  court  martial  and 
sentenced  to  be  shot  for  cowardice,  but  President  .Madison  remitted  the 
sentence. 

After  the  disaster  of  (Jen.  Winchester.  ( Jen.  Harrison  withdrew  his  forces 
I  rom  the  Maumee  to  the  Sandusky.  Farly  in  February  lie  returned  to  the 
Maumee.  however,  and  established  his  extreme  advance  post  at  the  left 
bank  and  built  Fort  Mei^s. 

I  Ie  had  a  force  of  I'.IKHI  men.  In  early  spring  I'roctor  moved  upon  this 
fort  with  .'i.joii  men.  1. son  of  whom  were  Indians  under  Tecnmseh.  I'roctor 
was  certain  of  success  and  promised  Tecumseh  to  deliver  (Jen.  Harrison 
over  to  him  as  a  captive.  After  four  days'  tiring  from  his  batteries.  I'roctor 
demanded  the  surrender  of  the  fort.  This  was  refused.  Harrison  having 
anticipated  the  attack  had  -cut  messengers  to  the  (Jovernors  of  Ohio  and 
Kentucky  for  aid.  The  call  was  promptly  responded  to.  and  troops  were 
sent  forward  immediately.  M\  this  time  the  Indians  had  completely 
invested  the  fort.  Twelve  hundred  Kentiickians  were  nou  Hearing  the  fort 
and  received  orders  from  (Jen.  Harrison  to  land  on  the  opposite  side  of  the 
river,  and  spike  the  uiins  of  the  Mritisli  battery.  (Jen.  Clay  landed  his 
Kent  uckians  as  ordered.  Col.  Diidlex  led  the  attack  on  the  batteries  and 
drove  the  Mritisli  from  the'u'iins  and  spiked  them.  Hail  den.  Harrison's 
orders  been  prompt  1)  obe\ed  and  had  the  KentllckiailS  returned  to  the  fort 
as  the\  were  ordered,  all  would  ha\e  been  \\ell;  but  the  troops  were  so 
determined  to  finish  the  \\ork.  that  instead  of  returninjj.  tlie\  disobeyed  and 
followed  a  band  of  lndian>  who  led  them  into  an  ambush.  (Jen.  Harrison 
and  his  ollicers  shouted  to  them  from  the  fort,  to  return,  but  they  persisted 
in  their  piisii it  when,  on  a  sudden,  twice  t  heir  number  of  I  ndians  rose  up  and 
cut  off  their  retreat.  The\  opened  a  severe  lire  upon  the  troops  and  those 
I  ha!  were  not  slaughtered  were  taken  capt  i  ves.  and  made  to  run  the  trail nt  let . 
As  soon  as  Tecumseh  heard  of  this  butcher),  he  ran  up  and  slopped  the 
carnage. 

In  the  niurht  following,  the  savages  were  cooking  their  meal  in  a  larire 
kettle  over  the  lire,  close  b\  their  camp.  The\  had  strings  tied  to  each 
ration.  (  )n  >ome  of  t  hcse  st  I'inys  \\  as  the  ilesli  of  A  me ri cans  1  he\  had  slain. 


From  ilu-  i'iiiiiiii.iii<l    nii'li-i    <  •  •     !».,•: 
Iminlri-.l  ami  hi  I  N  r«..-.ipf.| .      \ 

Tlif    IO-^N   ,.!    111.'   -j.i!  I  |  .,.,11    ,|||!  !!U 

I  larri-M'H  tvpaii  .-•!  i«>  ;  h.-   -••iiiilirii-in  \-.\ 
lf.t\  iiiir    ( .rii.    i ,  I'l-fii    i  !;i\    :      i  .  iiii!i,.n,.| 
st'iHlt>  ri'|n'l  In!   !  li.il    |'liir1..|     \\.i-.ij.i;!, 
•"i.lMHI   1 1 II 'I  I.    ilirlllililiLT    lliill;ili>   ll!ii!.'l    I!|.    . 
alollf   IIUIIlli.'l 'I'.!    I.INMI.       'I'lirl  r    U.   !<      : 

fort  and  tin-  ^iluai  imi  l.mki-.l   In  >\<  .-'••-- 
ncai  1  In-  )'.  >!'!    to  .Ir.iu    ilii-  u',  HI  ',-»"!,   mi; 
opinion  tint  tlic  liurli'  ua^  i'.-lu.-.-n  ;!i. 
southern  ( )hio.      Il  \\.i^  .iliiio->i    inijio^- 
lYoin    niakiiiL:    .in   all, irk    npoi.    ;!.,     |n.l: 
unit  in\ .  ami  i!  i  ri|im  <-<\  all  tin-  i-o»!  n--. 
of  to  Uff].  nr.liT. 

1'rortoi  a^ain  rai^.-il  tin-  -M-I  j.-  an>l  \s  it 
A  \i'_roroii^  attack  upon  \\<,-  IOM  atpl  in 
tiic  >ii!Trihlci   11!    it  \\oiilil  l'\   al!  liiiniaii 
a  |V\\  liour^.     Tlif  iLTiioranci-  ,.i    I';.H  j..: 
tin-  !i|is->  .,!'  ( .fii.  <  'las  . 

Tlif  flo^in_r  -.ct'iif^  ot   til.-  l.iic  \\.it    in 
of   Fort    >tt-\  fii^on    and    I  "f  n  \  >  \  ici.-i  \ 
t lif  Saini n^k \   ii\fi  .in.l    IK, U    ;|ic    in.'!;! 
pri  >pf  r  I'oinnif  ncf  mi' ni   .  ,|   i  In-    lii-^t.  >i  \ 
t  inif  c|.,->f  1  he    I  nt  roiluct  ion.  \\  Inch    ::a\ 

>l|o|1    |)i>t.,|-\    ,  .1     ;  l.i-    !;.  ,]•!  li-U  f-!cl  !,    lei!  I 


h'il 


MAT  ILK    OK     l-Oki     MKVK.\M>N      HAKkiMiN      \M 
DhKL.AI     OF     IHK     MKIllMi         \A  1 1' I  .S  u  SI  X  K 
KKIK      HA  1  I  LK  01     1  UK    I  HAMK-,      DKA1! 


W'""<L 

Y     V       u  -l>    "Hi  e    a     -in. 
I  he  h  ;_;h  bank--  <>\    '.  he  r:\i- 

ol  tin-  Sand'[->k\  •  :\  ei  I 
1 1 1  \\  1 1  -N  !  i  \  i  a  1  i ;  1 i  _  1 1 1 H-  t  i : 
S  a  n  1 1 1 1  >  k  \  '  a  1 1 1  i  t ! : :  - 

<  al'u-i  1  ;'.  San  i ;;  i-k  \  <  : '  \  .  .'. 
A I  ih.i^  I  i  >v,  <T  >ai  i  iii-k  \ 
*  i  "iu:ral  1 1  a  rn--i  MI  t.  :.  i  .•  : 
i;  i  iiit  1 1  IK-  a  i  re  <>\  '  i  in  i.  . 
.I'-.umil  tin  ;,,r:  ha.i  ..:••  :  .\ 
-«  ilinu  •!..  •:  «  •:  ,  . 


44  HISTORY     1)1      SKNKCA     COI'NTY. 

and  report  to  Fort  Seneca.      Hut  the  messengers  got  lost  in  the  woods, 
and  did  not  reach   Fort.  Stevenson  until    i  i   o'clock  next  day. 

Major  Croghan.  being  of  opinion  that  he  could  not  retreat.  sent 
back  the  following  answer: 

"SiR  I  have  just  received  yours  of  yesterday.  10  o'clock  p.  in., 
ordering  me  to  destroy  this  place  and  make  good  my  retreat.  It  came 
too  late  to  he  carried  into  execution.  \Ve  have  determined  to  maintain 
this  place,  and.  by  Heavens,  we  can!" 

Cien.  Harrison  immediately  sent  Colonels  \Vells  and  Hall,  supported 
by  a  corps  of  dragoons,  with  a  very  severe  reprimand  to  Major  ( 'roghan. 
and  relieving  him  ot  duty,  putting  Col.  \Yells  in  command.  Major 
Croghan  returned  to  Fort  Seneca  with  the  dragoons  as  a  prisoner. 

den.  Harrison  was  fully  satisfied  with  the  major's  explanation  and 
immediately  restored  him  to  his  command,  with  instructions.  Soon 
the  scouts  reported  the  advance  of  the  Hritish.  while  the  Indians  began 
to  show  themselves  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  river.  The  Hritish 
gunboats  came  in  sight  and  landed  troops  one  mile  below  the  fort. 
The  Indians,  four  thousand  strong,  displayed  themselves  in  all  direction-. 
The  Hritish  placed  in  position  a  live  and  a  halt  inch  howit/er  to  open 
fire  upon  the  fort.  (ien.  Proctor  sent  Major  Chambers  with  a  (lag  to 
summon  a  surrender.  Major  Croghan  dispatched  ensign  Shipp  out  of 
the  gates  to  meet  him.  After  the  usual  ceremonies.  Major  Chambers 
said : 


To  this,  ensign  Shipp  replied  that  the  commander  would  defend  the 
fort  to  the  last  extremity,  etc..  and  that  if  the  fort  should  be  taken 
there  would  be  none  left  to  massacre. 

The  eneim  then  opened  lire  with  their  six-pounders  from  the  boat-, 
and  the  howit/er  on  shore,  which  was  continued  through  the  night 
with  very  little  effect.  Maj.  ('roghan  reserved  his  fire.  He.  however. 
orrasionallv  tired  his  gun  from  different  points  to  make  it  appear  a-  it 
he  hail  several  pieces  at  his  command. 

The  tort  was  surrounded  b\  a  dry  ditch,  nine  feet  wide  and  six  feet 
deep.  <  )u  the  middle  of  the  north  line  of  the  fort  there  was  a  bloi  k 
hou-e  from  which  this  ditch  could  be  raked  in  either  direction,  bv 
artillerv.  Here  the  piece  was  placed,  loaded  with  slugs  and  _;rape 
shot.  Now.  the  artillery  of  the  Hritish  was  placed  on  the  shore  about 
two  hundred  and  fittv  vards  from  the  fort. 


th--\    (  niilil  IK-  ilix  u\  <•;  oi 
limn    tin-    fi>rt.    !>iii    ili.      I'.nS 
(111.  h.  U-.[  1>\    (  'ul.   Shuit. 

1'hc  m.i>ki-il  |n  n!   hul<-  u  .t 
>]i;t  ikii'Lii'i-  .mil  -lu^-.  t!ii'uii_li 

ut     Ill'ilV    thai,    till  rr    h'lM'h  c'  1 

•  .trna^r  \s  .!•>  :'-:n!ilr.  I  .it  \ 
rrlix-.i!  rn--iirii.  I  \\  •  >  •  itln-i  . 
C'..l.  Slii.rl  li.i.l  iu^t  ui.Krr. 
|.ii  ki-t>  and  ui\  i-  il:r  .  \nic-i  .1 
in<  irt.il!\  u  i  I'llli  In  i.  llr  hu; 
h;-.  ->u  onl  .mi  i  ln---i'il  tut  ti 
<  inK-i-ril  tu  !  u-  ik'iin-il  !u  i::  -  • 

hull!.          I'lir    lu,,    u!      t!;r    « 

'I  hr  ^.trr:-'  m   rcpi  irtni  -  'in-  !>., 
In  tin-  -i....!..  ,.!    tl.,' 

|r.l\  ill_.    ,  M    t  iir;  !'    i.   1^'  r.  ulir   '  .. 

(  )n   tlic    next     iiiuj-Mi.ry 
|ili  kn  !    :;  j  i    .tfu  ;p.i  :    '  !ii 

>u  i.  ir.  _;rii'  :  ,L    ;::-••  •:  \         1 

1  1  1-  1  i  i  i  .  1  1  1  :   1  1  1  i  i  1  1  .  i  :•  \   .  1  1  1 

\\'t  1!     t'r'.ttr     ,i;;     ;  ;.i  :•!••:•'     '  !. 


Ill--    |<r\  ,T,   in!     l.il.i      ,     \I. 

Sciu-i  .t  In.li.iii-  iiii.l.-r  l'r 
tuMlH  1  rUru  li.'l'i-  ill  tin1  ••  I  ' 
1  u  •  r  i  •  1  H  •  i  .mi!'  :  1  1  1  :  1  1  1  .  1  1  '  •  \  1  1 
\  1  11  1  1  1  !  _:  -  '  1  1  1  1  •  >  i  •  \\  .  i  ->  i  t  n  .  1  1  1 
w  ,  i  ^  ;  i  \  i  -  r  \  ;  1  1  1  1  •  1  1  ;  _;  (  •  n  !  .i:\*\ 
rrlial.lr.  Mr  ..:tru  n-l.iii-.! 
<  i  iin  nn  in-  tin-  j'U1  In-  \ 
Sti'\  i-li-uli.  I  .1!::  :in!r;.'i- 

i  hilil   1.1    Mi      \I,.i  '. 


46 

^ignal.  When  the  Indian  arrived  near  the  tort,  and  to  make  himself 
agreeable  to  the  British  and  tlie  Indians,  lie  cursed  the  Americans  in 
the  most  approved  style. 

\\'hen  he  saw  that  the  coas'  was  clear  and  that  he  was  himself 
unobserved,  he  approached  the  tort,  peeped  through  the  pickets, 
wrapped  the  paper,  with  his  handkerchief,  into  a  ball  and  threw  it  over 
the  pickets  into  the  yard.  Lounging  around  under  the  bushes  a  little 
while,  he  observed  his  handkerchief,  in  the  same  form,  ily  over  the 
pickets  again,  tailing  outside.  It  contained  an  answer  from  Major 
Croghan  to  (ieii.  Harrison.  \\'ith  this  Wipingstick  made  his  \va\ 
through  the  forest  to  Fort  Seneca,  and  reported  to  (leu.  Harrison  tin- 
same  niulit.  This  was  the  evening  before  the  battle,  which  was  fought 
on  the  jd  day  of  August.  iSi^. 

Wipingstick  was  a  Seneca  chief,  then  about  thirty  years  old.  and  h.ul 
a  wife  and  one  child.  lie  was  a  man  possessed  of  main  noble  traits  i  >\ 
character,  truthnil.  hospitable,  triendly  and  honorable.  lie  was  live 
feet  tour  inches  high,  scpiarelv  and  compactly  built,  very  muscular  and 
active.  He  had  a  pleasant,  open  face,  pleasing  voice  and  was  very 
l.dkative.  At  the  war-dances  he  was  the  leader,  and  carried  a  war-club 
about  eighteen  inches  long,  with  a  ball  at  the  end  of  the  handle  and  a 
swell  at  the  other  end.  This  club  was  cut  full  of  hieroglyphics  and 
was  painted  red.  He  danced  with  the  club  in  his  hands.  swinging  it. 
selling  and  whooping,  which  he  kept  up  for  a  long  time,  and  until  tin 
sweat  would  drop  trom  his  tace. 

He  attended  Mr.  Montgomery's  funeral,  and  seemed  very  much 
affected  by  the  loss  of  his  old  friend.  The  families  of  Montgomery 
and  \Vipingstick  were  very  intimate. 

<  >n  the  next  day.  alter  the  battle  of  l-'ort  Stevenson,  (icii.  Harrison 
came  down,  but  the  Indians  had  lied  across  the  >  ouiitry  in  the  direction 
of  I-'ort  Mei^'s.  and  the  Mritish  down  the  river. 


\<>w  both  parties  made  vigorous  preparations  for  a  naval  battle, 
to  dei  :de  as  to  who  should  be  master  of  the  lake  and  its  shore-. 
hetroit  was  still  in  the  hands  of  the  British.  In  a  few  month-  the 
government  hail  nine  vessels  readv  tor  service.  carrxiiiL:  tiltv  lour  guns, 
and  manin-d  i>\  abou!  -i\  hundrei!  sailors  and  marines.  The  licet 
anchored  iu-t  off  the  mouth  of  Sanduskv  ba\'.  and  s.-i  iled  fr<  un  I  In -re  lo 


I   \KK    (Ml 


thirty  mile-,  tVoin  \l.ild.-ii,  w 
(  'oiimioi!.  ire  l'..iri  !a\  had  -i 
by  abotit  ei-ht  lrmdr<-d  :I,<M. 

<  Mi    I  he    Mi'irnin^    oi     t'1.. 
1'iritMi  llee!   u  ,t>  d:>.  o\  .- 
(lore    I  \-i  r\    ;  ninin  !  .i'.<-'.  \    _ 
bra  i'i  n  ^  1  1  1  1\\  ii    u;  "  'ii    :  in     •  :. 
•  -  1  »  i  '  n  '  i  ^  i  \  i  •  1  1  j  •  tin-  -  h  ,  ;  ,        \s 
I'"i  >r  :\v  <  i  hour-.  ;!.• 
>ili-ii:  i-  ili.it  .iU\  .i\  -  i  h.ir.i-  ' 
thin_    mi    the     \' 
bll-tle.        I'hr    t.lr; 
the  el  in  n  \  .  \\  ,t  '   !._    ' 
ii-n.ini  e  MI    [!n-:r  \  ..•;;!_,,,•;. 
\;  illUeii  ni;i!U!i  -    .if. 

the  .lil\  an<  e   -<lli|'  i  >|     •  ;     •  i  'lel 
.1111  !    .i    1  reineii1  ;M'I->    lire    u  .1  - 
the    I  .a\\  rein  e.  u  hii  h    ^he    v. 
'  MI  ,u  (  i  unit  M:    the    >h>  ir;ia  - 
ail  the  c  ither  \  e-~-ei-    <  .;    ;:.• 
\vith    t  he  i  ietenn  i  r,a'  .•  <'.:   '  •  •  <  i< 
not    i  oine    t'  i    her   a;i  i    '<*'.'    \s 
ve^el  with,!  .....  i   'h>  terr/l.'. 
i  i  )iil<  1  be  u>e<  I   ;  n  her  '  I'-'.-.  :.->• 
(ib>t.-rvc(l  anion.;   1'niv'-   me 
Man-led  li.i.li.-s  wer 
or    lour.    1  1  .  i  <  \    been    e  :  ;  ! 
-.ervu  e.  \v.i>  woi  ke.'J  '  <\    '  '.•    ' 

1  i    U  .  i  --     1  1  c  l  \\      _'     '  i  "  < 

bron-hl    hi-   \  e- 


Commodore  Barclay,  who  had  lost  an  arm  at  Trafalgar,  now  lost  the 
other  also,  and  received  a  severe  wound  in  the  hip  beside.  The  loss 
on  the  American  ships  in  all,  killed  and  wounded,  was  one  hundred  and 
twenty-tour.  The  loss  of  the  British  was  over  two  hundred,  killed 
and  wi.unded.  and  six  hundred  were  taken  prisoners.  I-'. very  British 
vessel  was  taken.  Commodore  Perry  sent  word  to  (leu,  Harrison,  at 
Fort  Meigs.  saying:  "We  have  met  the  enemy  and  they  are  ours.1' 
The  next  day  the  funeral  obsequies  of  the  fallen  officers,  on  both  sides, 
took  place  near  the  margin  of  the  bay,  in  an  appropriate  manner.  The 
rrews  from  both  fleets  united  in  the  ceremony.  What  a  lesson!  Ye>- 
terday  both  parties  were  engaged  in  deadly  strife:  to-day  they  join 
their  sympathies,  associate  as  brothers  to  pay  the  last  tribute  of  respect 
to  their  fallen  companions. 

On  the  j<)th  of  September  den.  Harrison  took  possession  of  Detroit, 
there  being  no  force  there  to  resist  him.  and  again  the  whole  peninsula 
was  thus  restored  to  the  I'nited  Suites. 

(len.  Proctor,  with  his  army  and  disheartened  Indians,  was  on  a  rapid 
retreat  into  the  heart  of  Canada.  The  river  Thames,  which  empties 
into  lake  St.  ('lair,  then  ran  through  a  wild,  unbroken  forest.  Proctor 
was  pressing  his  retreat  along  its  valley. 

(len.  Harrison  left  Detroit  on  the  2d  day  of  October,  to  pursue  the 
toe.  with  a  force  of  over  3.000  men.  The  mounted  intantr\  were  com 
manded  bv  Col.  Johnson,  of  Kentucky.  Proctor  was  overtaken  on  the 
sth.  at  a  point  where  the  Thames  protected  one  flank  of  his  army,  and 
a  great  marsh  the  other.  The  Indians  were  stationed  in  the  tores' 
bevond  the  swamp.  This  spot  was  about  eighty  miles  northeast  of 
the  mouth  of  the  river.  Prortor  had  under  his  command  one  thousand 
British  regulars  and  eighteen  hundred  Indians,  under  the  command  ot 
Tecumseh. 

Tlie  British  were  routed  and  ran    away.      Ceil.  Harrison  then  turned 
upon  the  Indians,  routing   and    killing   them.      Proctor's  loss  was  sixty 
nine,    killed    and    wounded,  and    six    hundred    prisoners.      The    Indian- 
left     one    hundred    and     fifty    dead     upon    the    battle-field.    Tecumseh 
amongst  them. 

This  Col.  lohiison  here  mentioned  was  Col.  Richard  M.  Johnson,  ot 
Kentucky,  who  afterwards,  in  i.S^6.  was  elected  Vice- President  of  the 
Cnited  States.  The  reader,  who  remembers  the  wonderful  presidential 
campaign  of  iX.jo.  will  also  remember  how  hard  the  Democrats  tried 
to  pro\c  that  ('oh  lohiison  himself  killed  Te<  Mmse-li.  and  how  equaiU 
hard  ill'-  Whi-s  tried  to  prove  that  it  was  not  true.  The  question  is 
still  .n1  Miscttled  one.  Mr.  Abbott,  in  his  histor\  of  <  )hio.  proves  the 


WM"     Ml   I   »   t>      I  I  i    (    MM   M    ' 


utter  laUitv  ot  tin-  .1 
KiKi|i]>,  in  hi>  h;>ti' 
the  fa<  !  thai  IK-  \".< 


rt:»n    thai   Inlu^Mi 
«\    tin      \l  aMiiM-i-  \ 


Mi 


CHAFER   11. 


FOURTH  OF  JULY  CELEBRATION  ON  PUT-IN-BAY  ORGANIZATION  OF  A  MON- 
UMENTAL ASSOCIATION  —  CELEBRATION  OF  PERRY'S  VICTORY  LAYING 
OF  THE  CORNER-STONE  SPEECH  OF  ELUTHERUS  COOK  SPEECH  OF 
DR.  PARSONS  AND  THE  OTHER  THREE  SURVIVORS  OF  PERRY  S  FLEET. 

RKCl  RRI.M.  again  to  tin-  incidents  of  the  battle  of  lake  F.rie. 
the  author  hopes  that  a  description  ot  subsequent  events,  inaug- 
urated to  erect  a  suitable  monument  to  the  memory  ot  Commodore 
1'erry  and  his  braves,  on  I'ut-in-Hav.  may  not  be  considered  out  of 
place  here.  Fearing  that  the  occurrences  I  am  about  to  describe  may 
become  lost  to  history,  and  conscious  ot  the  tact  that  the  reader  will 
find,  in  the  addresses  ot"  the  Hon.  Klutherus  Cook  and  Dr.  Parsons, 
the  best  description  of  that  eventful  scene.  I  have  no  apology  tor  giving 
them  a  place  in  these'  pages,  and  especially  because  certain  citi/ens 
from  Seneca  county  took  a  very  active  part  in  the  movement. 

An    effort    was    put    on   foot    amongst    very    many    distinguished    and 
patriotic  men.  in  a  number  of  counties  bordering  on  lake  Krie,  to  erect 
a  monument  on  (iibraltar  rock,  I'ut   in   Hay.  to  the  memory  ot    Commo 
dore   1'crry. 

companies    of  tin     (  >hio    \olunteer    militia 
innivcrsarv   ot    American    Independence    bv 


nipped  and    disciplined    <  ompanies  assembled 
on  the  island  on  the  evening  ot     |ul\    :;.    1X^2: 

M.i\    Cit\   (  iu.  irds.  ('apt.   R.   R.    McMecns.  of  Sanduskx. 
Samlusk\    Y;egers.  ( 'apt.   I  .ouis  Tranl).  ol    Sandiiskv. 
^andiisk\    Artillery,  ('apt.   I..  A.  Silva.  of  Sandusk\. 
Washington  (iiiard-.  ('apt.   William   I  .aim,  ot    Tiffin. 
Tiffin  Artillen  .  <  'apt.    1.   I  I.   IJagle\ .   of  Tiffin. 

*  apt.    M<Mcen->    was    chosen    commander    tor    the    occasion.       The 
ightful.      The    green    and    rock\    fringe    around  the  ba\  : 
lake:    the    pr<  -.cm  e    ot    a    ho-,t    ot'  happx     men.  women 
g  martial  appearance  and    stric  \  di-><  ipime  ot 
passing  in  irranii  re\  ieu    be  I  ore  (ieii,    Kaa<     \ 


\lilU.  .mil  in-  anl.  (  'nl.    \.  A.  (  '.mi|..  .iml  thr  ••Imjiii-nt  -erirm 

li\     till-    l\e\  .     1    .     l<.     |e\\e!t    Ml. hie    tll.lt      I'miltii     nt      (ills     ^'Mlil.iV 

l'>a\    a  hxture  ID  the  inein.irx    .>!   .ill  uh.i  \\eie  ther.  . 

Tin--  ua-  the    f:r>t    nii!i!.ir\    i  elelir.it;.  >n    ever    lie'i!    mi  tin 
the  e\  en  MIL;   "I    tin-    t  h;  ''.I    il.i\  .   when    the    .  .mi]>    \\  i-    .il.i  •  •!!   t 
the    tent-    IUMI^     -irmk    and    eser\thm_:    ji.uke.l    t-.    .uet    mi 
.irtiller\     under    ('apt.    l'..i_;e\.  \\eiv    tii'in^    then    l.ireuiil    .MI 
la-l   -Nh.it    ua>    !>ein-    tireii.  .n;>l   !•  n-'k-i  it  k     Keller    u  t-    ••-.<  I;«! 
the    I.IM  i  .irtritlue.  it  e\pl.  "lei!    .nut    thr.-\\     \h     !<••'     I.I^MM!    ilist.nn  e 
lie   tell    lie.ir   the   flue   n!     th.e    \\.ltiT,  1,  ;    l,.l>l!'. 

one  e\i  .tllil  h.l\  MU  .1  '  !"ij'j'leil  h.iii.!  I'M  hie.  II'-.  hn\\e\rr.  X1"-1'!11-1"^ 
re.  i>\  ei'ed.  .mil  i->--t!ll  .inimi^^t  the  li\  in-.  I  h;>  s.i<i  <  •<  .  urn-in  e  wa-> 
the  mily  i  in  uinstain  e  that  inarre.l  the  plea- ure-.  »!  ih  i:  i-\  i  r  uieinuralilr 
1-iiiirth  i>l  |ul\  eelfbral  :mi . 

I>;iniiL;    the    tM'^1     trip  nl    the    ^le.nner    Arr>i\\     !ii>in     ^ati.iii^k  v    t..    tK< 
jslainl.  a  |>rel  iimn.irv    nieetm.:    \va-~    held    mi    l.n.ir.l    tm    tin-    j.nr|.nNe  .,i 
i  irLi.mi/  IIIL;  a  monument  .1 1    ,I>-M  n  :at  u  >n.    a  in  1    v\  ;  t  h  a   \  lew    .  >\    i  ret  t  m^.    .it 
-miie  -uitable  [ilaee  mi  the  islaiui.  a  iiimninieiit   t"  the  memm'\   n!  (  <un 
iiiuili  >re   l'err\  . 

The  l\e\.  Ih.  lirmi-iiii  \sa-~  i  liii-.cn  <  hainnan.  and  Mi.  lleiir\  I  > 
(  '.  H  >ke  -seeretary.  <  >:i  nn  itimi  m  I'M  t  (  '.  mke  .1  i  mninittei  »\  li\  e  u  a> 
appointed  ti>  drall  re-olnt imi>  e\pre-»i\e  nl  the  -en-i  ..!  ih.e  ineetMi^ 
MI  n-k-reiiee  tn  the  erei't'.mint  a  ••mmuiineiit  mi  <.  i  i  n  altar  r<n  k,  I'm 
;n  |!a\  .  i  mnnieiin  iral  i  \  e  <  >:  1  \ -rr\  '-  \  ;i  i  <  ir\  i  .n  lake  I  .r:e.  a'ld  :  n  hmi.  >; 
-  >\  ihi  'i'  ad  w  h.  i  lell  in  !  ha!  iile 

Me-      .    I.     \.    I    amp.    \\       I  .   \\  ••  M  i  '     1  '    i   .'"ke    and 

|<ev.     \\       l'':  Mi  \\as 


\Vhell.    "11    M'llni  l\     alter!!. i  i  •;.   li.e    pr...  i  edlli-- 

.ind  re»  i  .hit  .mi-  '  'I  ! . :  pre! ;  mi :;  1 1  v  mee! ;  n_;  wen  a  pp  .  >\  .  .  1.  and  a  >  .  >in 
I;  lit  lee  appointed  !u  di.i  a  i  m:-t.tiltim!  I.  i1'  tin  m^.'.lll  at  ion.  l\e\. 
lew  ell  in  the  i  hair.  I  i.  -  .  ."..mi :!  t'  ,  h.i\  :n_  \\  ;t  ndrav.  n.  i  el  SM  n>'d  and 
repi  n  ;ed  a  -Imr!  i  mi-1;  Int  imi  1 '  ; .;..,,.  led  :  h.  a!  am  per-,  .'i  pa\  :n_  mie 
•  !, .ll.ir  h.  ihe  tr.Mvnvr  -hmild  :hi  re!,-.  !.,-•  Mine  .,  mein;..  r  \  lioard  m 
:  1 1 ,- 1 1 1  a  _:  i  •'  -  '.\  a  -  a  p  p  m  n :  e  <  1 .  and  m  e  \  • .  . ; '  ••  \  <•  <  "Mini  ! ' .  e . 

<  ,<  n     I  •  -\\  :  -  (    .1--  \\  a-  .  In  i,.  •  •.    |'i  <  >!.!<  ni . 

(  ,,!.    1     1     V-  -,:.  1       r-.     i  .M-.          ;.  .  a!    It,  .    \\  a-1    n 


5  J  HIS  I  OK\      (  U      SKN  |  e  \     OK'NTY. 

and  judge  llurnctt.  of  (  'in<  innati.  were  appointed  vice-presidents.  M\ 
lamented  friend  l)r.  R.  R.  Me  Meens  was  secretary,  and  took  a  ver\ 
.ti  tivv  part  in  tlu-  movement.  Some  funds  were  collected,  and  so  the 
matter  rested  until  i.S^S.  when  the  executive  committee.  consisting  <>t 
I'..  Cook,  \Vm.  S.  I'icrson.  l;.  S.  Thorpe,  |.  A,  Camp  and  R.  R.  McMeen> 
i»ued  a  i  ard  dated  Sandnskv.  (  )hio.  September  i.  185,^.  calling  a  mass 
mccting  tor  the  loth  (it  September,  iSvS.  to  renew  the  proceedings 
instituted  on  the  4th  of  |ulv.  iS^j.  "This  was  the  must  glorious  and 
thrilling  spectacle  witnessed  on  lake  Krie  since  the  da\  nl  IV-rr\i-s 
\  ictor\  .  'I'he  cities  and  towns  along  the  shores  of  the  lake  poured  out 
large  delegations  of  people.  The  bay  itself  presented  a  most  grand 
and  glorious  pageant,  crowded  with  a  tleet  of  magnificent  >teainer>. 
sail  vessels  and  \a<hts.  all  decorated  witli  gaily  colored  banners. 
streamers  and  pendants,  \\hile  a  battery  of  fourteen  brass  cannon 
waked  the  echoes  of  old  Krie  with  a  \\clcome  that  made  the  old  rm  k> 
ot  (iibraltar  tremble  with  their  reverberation."  says  I  )r.  McMeeiis. 

Some  ot  Perry's  old  veterans  were  there,  old  men  who  had  heard 
the  firing  during  the  battle,  statesmen,  soldiers,  women,  children  --all 
animated  and  inspired  with  the  soul-stirring  scene. 

Ten  steamers,  three  \achts.  and  twenty  other  sailing  vessels  anchored 
in  the  bav. 

l.igh.l   thousand  people  gathered  in  groups  about  the    shore. 

(iovernor  (  'hase  was  chosen  president  ot  the  day.  A  number  01 
vice-presidents  and  secretaries  were  appointed:  also,  a  committee  on 
exercises.  (  ien.  I  .  \\  .  Kiu  h.  ol  (  'level  and.  (  now  Lieutenant  (  lovernor  • 


the  •  irat  ion. 

i'oiir  ol  the  sii  |-\  i\  ops  ol  the  battle  were  prc.sent:  ('aptain  Steph'-n 
1  •  'ha  in]  ill  n.  \\  ho  tired  the  first  and  last  gun  in  the  <  onllict  :  \\~illiam  I  !lai  i  . 
of  Lexington,  Ri(  hland  conntv.  (  )hio:  'I'homas  lirownell.  of  Newport 
Rhode  Island,  who  was  second  in  command  of  the  schooner  Ariel,  and 
I*!'.  1  slier  I'arsons.  ot  l'ro\  idence.  R.  I.,  the  surgeon  of  the  lla^-shi] 
l.awreni  e  at  the  tune  ol  the  battle,  were  introduced  to  the  vast  assem 
blaue  in  the  order  named,  and  were  greeted  with  wild  applause.  Thev 
e.ich  made  -hor'  spee<  lies.  ex|)i'essing  their  gratitude  for  their  kind 
r  '  eption.  and  I  )r.  I'arsons  gave-  a  highl\'  interesting  description  ot  the 
b.ittle,  the  treat  nieiil  of  the  wounded,  and  im  idenls  of  the  surrendei 
"i  'In-  cneiuy.  It  i-,  a  pilv  ih.it  ilie  odes,  poems  and  songs  thai  were 
read  i  in  i  siin^  <  an  niii  mill  rocini  here.  (  )nc  onlv  oiu-  ol  these  gem- 

niu-t   no!  be  overlooked,    however.       It    i-    the  prodm  lion    ol"  mv   oid. 
I'ltnented  trii  nd,  I  )i\   R  .   R.   \b  \Ieen-.  ;  he  se<  retarv   of  the  monumental 


M  Mk  I  II     •  H      II    I  \     i   I  t  MlkA  I  ION        l-i  .1   M. 

iition.  \\ho-c  IrifiuUhip  i-  c  hcn-tu-il  -till.  though  hi-  ha-  h>nu  -in- 
1  auav.        \  -Imrt   -krti  h  <>|    tin-  lite  <>t    the  ih><  t»i  v\;ll  l>r  tmimi 
\  \  \  III. 

Ill  i;    I>1  AM»   »  )|     I  KM 
l:\    K     K     M«  Mi  i  N-.    M     1  » 

The  1-iaml-  ot    Km-  ana\ed  in  lull  die--. 

Klll'olie   the   lake  -eelie   \\  Ith   -llanue   h  >\  rl  i  lit--- 

A  -  LT"  refill  I  M\\    deeked    ill   hti-_rllt    \eldnr.-    tl|i-\    lie. 

Iii  the  -oft  im-llou  h,i/e  df  the  -till  ant  nmn  -k  \  . 
No  more  hrilliant  '_rem-.  though  landed  the\  In-. 

K\el    gleamed    'lllid    the   LMollp-  i.f    the  i>|,|    l.leeiall    -e.i. 
The\    eirele   the  -t  ol'lll  -1  >IV\\  I  iii.'  l^lte-  uf    the   U  rM 

To  -imthe  the  "mad  -pint"  uf   Kin-  to  r,--t. 
And  h-nd  their  M"  in  lit  form-  to  the  rau'e  ot    the  ->-,i 
To  -heller  the  -torm-to--ed   ill   -Meet  iii  n '_r  lee  ; 
(  )l.   like  -elitiliel-.  -eeln   to  he  pointing  the   w;i\ 
To  t  he  liarliorimj;  arm-  of  liold  "  1  'nt  -  i  n-  Ha\ ." 

\\  lien   the   \\  illd-  hl'eat  hie--  -leep   ill   t  ln-ii    e;|\  el  n-  ,ij    pe.in-. 

Ilo\s    -\lpll-lil\e  the\    -il   ,,n   the  lake'-  lileelit    taee. 

(  >r  mirrored  in  heantx  on  erim-on  d\e,|  \\a\e 

\\  hen  the  -mi  -ileiit  -ink-  in  her  '_rol,|-t  inted  ma\e. 

And  the  purple  hori/oii  depend-  a-  a  -Inond. 

(  )f  a  tape-hied  mantle,  in  fold-  of   rieh  elmid. 

Then  deep'n i n^' -o  ^cnt  I \   upon   the   |'ale  L;]"\\  . 

*MI  -oinhre  ami  -ad.  seaivch  -eemin-j  to  km>\'. 

\\  hen  the  la-t   lliit  in-  ra\   ot    tad  in-  1  \v  ili-ht 

Mei-e-  iii  darkiie--  and  death  Lrlo.ini  ot    ni-_;ht. 

(  Mi '    I  -land-  ot    Kne.  In  >\\   man\   a  -eene 
(  M    -h  ip\\  reek  and  hat  t  Ie  ai'onml  \  •  HI  have  I  H-I-M  ! 
1 1 1 1\\   mait\  a  na  Hani   s  oimn  hero  \\  eiit  do\\  n 
\\'hen  l'err\  ami  -ailor-  \\iin  ^lorimi-  reno\\  n 
YOU  -land  a-  piond  im  HI  nim-nt  -  n\ei   tin-  dead. 

\\'ho   -leep  at    \olir   teet    111    their  eotlinle—   lied. 

\\  hile  the  \\  iml-  -hriek  «\  u  hi-pi-f  a  i  enim-m  -.i-jh. 
And  the  \\a\e-  jnin  in  innrinii  n  IIL:  a  fond  lnllah\. 
And  the  mai  im-i  .  -j  i  id  i  nn  al>  Hr_;  h\  \oiii  -ide. 

I  ,' ••( -i  ill  III-   all    t  heil    deed-    U  1 1  ll    e  |l|i  i]  I ,  Hi  -  .  1 1     pi  ide. 

(  Mi  '    I  -land-  "I    heaiit  \  .  on   Ki  ie'-  lirn.id  hrea-l 

That  -mile  \\\  the  -im-him-  like  ha\en-  ,it    ie-i  ; 
(  )i    \\  hen  the  -torn  i -nml  in  hi-  \\  rat  h  \\  ild  l\    i  a\  ••-. 

Like      ' -1-1  el-"    of     lne|e\     ||  a  II  '_T   o\  e|     1  lie    \\  a  \  e  -  . 
I'i'el    hloiilll    III    \olll    lle-hlle--  a-    l"\e|\    a-    m  i  \\  . 

To  en  rap!  me  I  In-  ,-\  e  and  make  tin-  hear!  u  ']<  i\' 


54  HIS  I  '  >RN      i  >l 

(io\ernor  (  ha^e.  the  chairman,  opened  the  meeting  with  a  lew  brief 
remarks  ot  welcome.  Thereupon.  Mr.  \\  .  S.  Pierson.  chairman  of  the 
committee,  reported  the  loilo\\in^  HM  ot  permanent  officer*  of  the 
association,  \  i/ : 

I're>iilent-     lion.   Lewis  ('ass.  of   Michigan. 

\'i(  e  -  President*  -  -  I  Ion.  l>aac  Toucc\  .  of  ( 'onneclicul :  l>r.  Ishcr 
ParMin~..  of  Rhode  Island;- Sidney  l!ro<>k*.  of  Rhode  Island:  Thoma* 
Urownell.  I  .  S.  N.:  (iov.  Lli-dia  Dyer.  Rhode  Uland;  \\in.  Wetmore. 
LM|..  Rhode  Island:  lion.  Kdward  Lscrett.  Massachu-.elt>:  lion.  \\  . 
II.  Seuard.  New  \  ork :  August  llelmont,  Ks<|.,  New  York;  Hon.  Millard 
Killmore.  New  \'ork:  ('apt.  Stephen  ('hamplin.  New  York;  (io\.  \V.  ]•'. 
Packer.  Pennsylvania:  \\  m.  (i.  Moorehead.  K-MJ..  Pennsylvania:  (lo\. 
S.  P.  Chase.  (  >hio;  S.  Starkweather.  Cleveland.  ( )hio;  Kluthcnis  Cook. 
Sandn-skv.  <  )hio;  1..  Collin-,.  Toledo.  Ohio:  R-.-,,  \\ilkins.  Detroit. 
Michigan:  |ohn  Owen.  Detroit,  Michigan:  Col.  Todd.  Kentucky:  Col. 
John  o'I;allon.  St.  I..oni*.  Mo.:  |.  \'.  Scammer.  l^i]..  ('hica^o.  Illinoi>: 
lion.  John  \\entworth.  ('hica^'o.  Illinois;  ('apt.  ].  P.  McKinstry.  I  .  S. 
N..  Commodore  |o^.  l.anman.  I  .  S.  N.:  I  ,ient.-(  ien.  \\inlield  Scott, 
I  .  S.  A. 

(  )n  motion.  \Vm.  S.  Pierson.  of  Sandusky,  \va-.  ehosen  treasurer,  and 
Dr.  R.  R.  McMeens,  of  Sandu>ky.  corresponding  secretary. 

A  committee  of  management  was  then  also  appointed.  The  following 
letters  were  then  read  by  Mr.  Pierson: 

\V  AMI  I  N<;  TON    ('IT'S'.  St'pt.  ti.    l.S-")S. 

I)KAI;  Sn;:  Voiir  in\  itati<m  to  me.  to  form  out-  of  tin-  iinmrrons  asscm- 
hl;!'j,T  which  \\  ill  inert  at  Pnt-in-P»ay  on  the  loth  inst..  has  just  been  received, 
an  I.  \\hilf  I  thank  \oii  for  reiuemberiii;^  me  in  connection  with  that 
in! -resting  occasion.  I  regret  that  it  will  he  out  of  m\  power  to  avail  m\self 
<it'  voiir  kimliu'ss.  us  I  shall  he  necessarily  detained  here  I >y  my  public  duties. 
lint  though  absent .  I  shall  not  the  le>s  part  iei pate  in  the  feelings  of  u'l'at  it  inle 
an  1  exultation  \\hicli  the  e\ent.\oii  propose  to  commemorate,  is  so  well 
calculated  to  Inspire  in  even  American  breast.  '1'he  vietoi-\  of  Perrs  IIJIOM 
Lake  Krie.  not  far  from  the  place  of  \oiir  con\  ocat  ion.  on  tbc  Hull  o|' 
>  -pteiuber.  1^1:1.  \\a>  one  nf  the  mo>t  glorious,  as  \\ell  as  one  of  the  most 
important  achie\  ements  I'econlcd  in  our  militarx  annals. 

1  \sa>  uilh  the  arin\.  then  encamped  in  \oiir  region  of  eoiintr\  during 
thai  haril-i'oim'lit  bat  t  ]••.  \\  here  \\  e  were  all  awaiting,  with  anxious  solicit  mlf. 
llie  iipcralii'ii^  ''I  the  i!eeN.  a>  the  commaiiil  of  ihe  lake  \\~as  essential  to  our 
lilti\emeiil>.  and  now.  alter  tin-  elapse  of  almo>l  half  a  centiir\.  it  \\ould 
rejoice  me  lo  hear  m\  fellow  cili/.eu>  to  recall  and  rccoiiut  the  ^loriesof  tli;i| 
iiieinor,  Me  da>  .  'mid  the  M-enes  \\here  lhe\  uere  gained,  and  which  ihe\ 
\s  ill  e\er  illn-trate.  It  i>  ^ood  for  l  he  A  me ri can  people  to  a»e ml >le  to^ct  her 
in  the  lime  of  ;heir  >tivim'lh  to  commemorate  the  <|eeds  of  pat  rjoti-.m  ami 
•,  ilor  \\iiidi.  in  the  lime  of  their  ueakuo.^.  enabled  our  countn  to  p;t>>, 


>;itVI>    tlimiiirli    III''    lri;il>    IM    s\lii,'h 
ili-pMiIril  \\nrili  i-.  t  In- ..|,|,-,  t  ,,|    j|,,.   p. 

In  i- \  |  Hi'--   II I  \    'l-'i'p  -S  lilp.it  lix    ss  1 1  |,   i|,, 

\\'  ilh  iiiiii  h  !.••_'. ii'l  !  .1111    il.-.n  - 


1  »l-.  \  i:  M  i:  I  li.i\  «•  ;  lit-  In.n..:  i, ,  .,,  !, 
i>r  the  I'M-i'ii!  is  c  i-niiiiniiti-f.  !••  I..-  p. ,  -,, 
•  •I  !;i\  in1.,'  "1  l  In1  ' -in  IHT  MUM.-  ,  ,|  .1  n 
KI  irk.  I'ut  -in-  l'.;ts  I  -M.m.i.  in  ,',  .'nm. 'in. 

I  i'i  un-t  In  -i.il  i-  i  liMt  ins  '-IILM^.-MII  n 
|i;tl  t  ir||i;il  i  1 1  L:  \\Iili  Soil  uli  tin-  inii-fi-,; 

I    ;i!ll    S\  ii  li    Illlii'll    fojin  I 

V..IM  ,.!.. 


MN    l)i.\i:Sn;:      I    li,i\i-    iTrcis  i-.|    \,un    >  M,  ,  m,.,! 
l'i'i|iu->l  illU   lil\    |tn—  i-lliv  ;un|   |i;i!l  li-l|i.i!  l-i|i   III   ill.-  i-r|. 

platfil  iiiMiiu'iii  ,it  inn  ni'  :ln-  iiiiiiiiiMn-iii  mi  itilii.ili.ii   |;, 
n|'  uiir  LTluriiiii^  nas  ;il  I  rinnipli  iimlt-i  i  In-  u'.tll.ui!  I  '•  1  1  •. 


Asuin-i'1    tlii-livf  ^111  v  :  s  nm  I'lti 
.n  ir  lir;  is  i-  I.MV.  in  l.r  prt-x-iii  .  .n  1  1  nl  ^l.iMnii^  IMT.IM. 
k  ini!  ri-iin-iiil'i'.i  hi-'1  .  M'  MM-. 

I  n-._M'i-I  tli.tl    |iri--t-iil  i  ml  i^|n  i>il  i.  MI    |in-rim|c-.    i),,- 

Soil.   In    j  i  i  i  1  1   \ni|    in   1  1  1  1  1  1  1  •_;    i  i  .  1  1  1  .  1  1    In   ss  i  i  .  1  1  1  1    !  i  .  .  !  i  .  i  ;    1  N  ,  i  1 

iTinlfi^  inipnuii-ii!  ;tl  tlii^  lini'-  :in  .ii'-i  -m  *•  limn  i-. 

I    .1  III  .   ->i  I  .    \  i  HI  I    i  '!  ii-i  I  |i-h  !    ^i- 


I   -mi:  I'  \  i:-"\-    \l     I  ' 

M-i    Di:  \i:  I i::      V- 

tin-  ••  ^'i-lliiv.    ^1'i'inu 

inti-ini  l"   In-   .1!    1  In'    _•!"'   "'i  -  '  •  '•• 

p|i  a^un-  •  'I    p;i  i  !  i'-ip.i!  Mij 

tin!  In  IM|  ins  -i'!l     '  '.s  •  K.»;  '!•'  •  '.i_'"    I    •'• 

ss  itii  l!i'-  |i-\\    -'.'  '•  :•• 

Illi'llli  H'. ll  i!r    I  i.l  i  i!'       '  •'      I  .       .' 

I  Ml  I  !••      I      \S  ,1  -.         ~"  '       '  '     ' 

HIM)  inn-  ,ii '.  •   Mi.    I  '.•   : 

St-lii'i'.l.  Ml:. I    ss  ,i>  '.'.Ml   i..    I  n  ii      \\  in      I  1  • 

1      pi. IS      (In- 

ri-lclir.it  inn  111, is   >  ..n:  i  ii  ill    il  .1 


:;(>  HIsTOKV     01-     SKNKCA    rol'NTY. 

May  the  blessing  of  Heaven  ^nideand  preserveall  wlioattend  the  celebra- 
tion, truly  and  sincerely  is  my  prayer. 

Most  sincerely  your  friend. 

W.  T.  TALIOFKRRO. 

Ni:w  YOKK.  August  IN.  ls,'>s. 
M  i:.  F.  T.  P>.\  i;  \  i-:\ .  S.\  \i>isi\  v  <  'rr\  .  ().: 

M  v  I  >KA  i;  Si  i::  In  answer  to  your  favor  of  the  L'lst  nil.,  on  the  subject  of 
the  erection  of  a  monument  on  the  little  Island  of  ( iibraltar.  I  have  to  say  : 
That  if  said  monument  be  to  the  memory  of  <  '01  in  nod  ore  Perry  .as  I  suppose 
it  is.  I  will  he  too  happy  to  contribute  to  it.  not  only  by  the  free  jrit't  of  the 
land  requisite,  but  by  procuring  subscriptions  in  New  York  and  one  or  two 
other  places,  which  I  think  I  can  do.  I  accordingly  hereby  confer  upon  you 
and  my  friend.  Simon  Fox.  power  to  jjraiit  a  sntlicienl  part  of  said  Island  of 
(iihraltar.  in  perpetuity,  for  the  erection  of  said  monument,  with  such 
reservation  as  you  may  deem  necessary  to  present  any  sort  of  injury  to  my 
property  in  the  .u'roiip  of  islands.  It  would  please  me  if  I  and  my  successors 
after  me  uere  appointed  keepers  of  the  ground  ceiled,  and  of  the  monument. 

Respectfully  yours. 

H1VKHA  ST.  .IA(.(). 

After  the  reading  of  these,  letters.  (lov.  t'ha-e  introduced  Hon.  K. 
('ooke.  nt  Sandn-ky.  who  spoke  as  tollosvs: 

L-Hlti*.  <;•  nllrnt'  n.  l-'<ll»,r-<  'niiiili-iliin  n: 

I  rise  as  the  origan  of  the  executive  committee  to  bid  you  \\  eleome  to  these 
classic  shores,  immortali/ed  by  American  valor  and  rich  in  the  associations 
of  a  nation's  ulory .  Mut  how  can  I  lind  lanirua.ue  suitably  to  express  my 
conuTat ulat ions  of  the  assembled  thousands  \vlio  surround  me.  and  whose 
presence  this  day  n'ivesthe  lie  to  the  reproach  that  "Republics  knou  not 
how  to  be  Liratefnly"  If  I  could  hope  to  lie  heard  by  an  audience  so 
immense.  I  would  t  hank  y  on  in  the  name  of  our  common  country  for  ha\  hi". 
come  up  in  such  \ast  numbers  from  the  beautiful  cities  of  the  lake  and  the 
interior,  to  thi-  patriotic  consecration.  Mm  \\ith  a  \oice  impaired  by  the 
wasting  power  of  many  years.  I  hope  to  say  but  little  else  than  to  offer  up 
my  fervent  thank-L:iv  im:  to  Almighty  (iod  foi-  those  e\  idences  of  enthusi- 
astic u'rati  tude  and  patriotic  devotion  uhich  the  occasion  has  inspired,  and 
which  your  presence  this  day  proclaim-. 

We  ha\c  met  to  commemorate  one  of  tho-e  rare  and  signal  events,  which, 
considering  the  va-i  intere-t  it  in\ol\ed.  the  u'lory  it  achieved  and  1  he 
benefits  conferred,  has  feu  parallel-  in  hi-torv .  \\"e  shall  lind  it  ditlicult. 
however,  justly  lo  appreciate  the  importance  of  Perry  s  victory,  \\~itliont 
calliiiLr  t"  mind,  for  a  moment,  the  peculiar  condition  o|  oui'  country  which 
preceded  and  foPoued  it-  achievement-.  A  -aiiLHiiiiary  war  had  for  more 
than  a  yea)1  be. MI  '-airing  bet  ween  ( i  real  Mrilain  and  the  I'liited  Slates.  llo\\ 
it  was  sii-tained  on  the  land  and  on  the  ocean,  history  has  recorded.  I: 
must  be  admitted.  ho\\ ever,  that  its  commencement  on  the  Niagara  am!  in 
the  norlh-ue-Ni  \\  a- cliaractei'i/ed  by  defeat,  disaster  and  disgrace.  Whethei- 
the  iiiLiloi'ioi;-  -nrrender  of  the  fortress  of  Detroit  and  the  coiise(|ur-nt 
uncontrolled  |«o-->es^ion  of  the  \a-l  norlh-u  estern  lei-riloi-\  by  the  enemy, 
were  chai'LTeable  to  treachery  ori-owardice.  it  i-  not  mm  nece--arv  to  ini|iiire. 


I  i  >1K  I  H     i>l 

Thr  »'V«'iil  >iuot«'  tli«-  ln-;ii  t  ct  tin-  nation  \\  illi  ilisma\  ami  .  n\  en-«l  thr  \\  lm|r 
land  with  conscious  humiliation.  <>m  u  hole  \  asi  t'mntii-i.  limn  HnHalo  i,. 
Arkansas,  uas  al  om-e  thiouiiopen  to  tin-  Miuki-  ot  [h»-  t»tnaliA\\  k.  ami 
expost-d  hare  anil  defenseless  in  tin-  im-n-iless  im-ni  »ii>iii  n|  tin-  ««a\aif»-  |o«- 
The  aiithoritv  ami  protection  ot  ihc  I'mlfil  Mates  had  •  eased  \\ithin  its 
hordei's.  Thf  course  ii[  tin-  em-in\  .  learned  uith  then  ^a\ai;«-  ali\.  \v,is 
e\  t-i  \  \\  hen-  marked  \\ith  rapine.  in.i».nir  and  di  -\  a^tal  ii>n.  Tin-  heait 

i , -ml  MIL:  ami    hloo  |\   I  raL,red\  •>!  I  In-  ri\ri    H  i-^in.  ami  "thri  .1 i,-,|  localities 

f<.»l|o\\  ed  ill  sin-cession,  t 'oiistei  mil  ion  and  alarm  i -\  •  -i  \  \s  lii-i  ••  |i:  i-\  ,uli-d. 
Tliinisaiuls  "\villunit  di^Iimiimi  ..|  A^<-  »\  -M-\  ui-n-  i-\|n-l|ci|  tmin  tln-ii 
jn-ai-fliil  almdrs  |i\  iln-  in\  ailinu  t't>»-.  and  tin  t'.iri-..)  ||i,i\,n  \\.,^  in,iilt«-4| 
li\  the  iniirdiM  nf  mm.  \\  nmni  and  childn-n.  ami  l>\  tin-  u  anli;ii  i-nnilai:i  a  I  inn 
i  •!'  dflVncflo-^  cal'in^  and  \  illa^f^.  Tht-  lln\\  n  ami  i-ln\  all  \  .  •!  1 1  it-  land  u  <-i<- 
•  •lit  nil  in  tln-ir  I;|IT\  .  and  1  hfii  In  nn^  u  hiirm-d  ;h.-  la.  •  •••(  t !,.-  u  !ld.-im'>-.. 
I  )crd>  of  rnirll  \  and  iin  nt  Id  al 'li-  ln>i  I  m  \\i-ri-  t-nactcd  .  \\  hii  I.  lilli-d  I  In-  \\  In  >!•• 
land  with  laim-iilaliuii  and  \\innu'  drn|'-  "I  a^i>n\  n.iin  iln-  ln-ait  ,,[  ||,,. 
nat  ion.  A  dark  rlmid  Imiii;  <>\  rr  mir  il«-\  nit-d  i  mini  i  > .  i  hi  "\\  inu  di>\\  u  \\,,m 
ilx  rruwniiiif  anm>r>  llir  palrnr^^  nt  drath  npnn  h»-i  rh.-.-k.  ami  il-  mi.|m--s 
ii|iun  her  linMiin.  Tiiir  tin-  a-^anlt--  npnn  tin-  i!cl'i-m-f-  n(  llan:-.>n  and 
( 'm^lian  nn  thf  Maiinn-i-  and  Xindn^k>  had  lit-cn  -allanlU  and  ulni  imi-l\ 
i-\|ii-llfd.  lint  these  c\i'li'it^.  hrillianl  a>  !ln-\  ui'H-.  asaih-d  lilth-  |n  th.-  n-lsi-l 
nt  the  t'runt  iri's.  \\hilc  the  entire  pn»e^-ii  .n  nt  the  lake.  |,\  a  u  ••!; -nianm-il 
lleet  of  \eleran>.  rcinaim-d  in  the  nndi^inited  enntinl  nt  the  |m-.  \\iih  j,,, \\.-r 

tit  df^fflld    at    ail\     Ilinlllellt    uith    lliell     enlllliined     tnl.-i-^    lljmn     alls      |m!l!,,|,    ,,) 

oil!'  «'\IIOMM|  frontier.  The  eri^i>  deniamled  aelion.  \  i^i  ,| ,  ni«.  aelion.  enm- 
Itiiifd  v\ith  \alor  and  talent  to  direct  it.  The  enmniaml  ••!  the  lake  hail 
hri-miif  to  n>  imli>{ifii->ali!e.  In  \ie\\  nt  ihi-~.  the  eiealion  n|  an  \inenian 
lleet .  the  1 1  in  !»•  i  for  u  liieli  \\  a  -  then  LM  n  \\  MIL:  in  tin-  \v  ildi-i  m-->.  u  a~  •>!  di-i  i-d 

|t\    oil!'   Lfo\  el'lllm-llt  .   a^    \\ell    In]     the     |>lirpoM"-   nt     |H  nteet  loll     a-     l!l\a-<!n||.        |l; 

Marrli.  l^l.'i.  the  ehaiiTe  of  its  eon--t  i  net  ion  and  e.«nnnand  vva>  a^iu'ned  i.- 
()li\er  II.  I'eriA.  of  Uhode  Island,  \\lio.  m  spn.-  ,i|  almost  ^npei  h  nmai 
olistaeles  ami  dillinilt  n-s.  in  less  than  t  hi  ••••  nmni  hs  <  -om  pie  led  his  \\ , ,.  K  and 
lannelied  his  \essels  at  the  harlioi-  of  Kin-.  I'.ut  alllioii-h  he  tie.jiient!\ 
so  u  LT  h  t  I  o  e  1 1  •_:  a  L;  e  1  h  e  e  n  i  •  M  i  \  1 1  e  \\  a  s  u  n  a  1 1 1  e  t  o  1 1 1  : 1 1  •_;  them  MM.,  a .  • !  i  o  n  1 1 1 1 1 1 ,' 
t  lie  e\  ei  -ineinoi  ahle  and  es  el'  u:  I  ni  I..N--  i  la  \  \\  e  niei  1  to  .  .  .iniin  m.  .1  ate. 

( >f  the  Itatt  le  and  it  s  t  hrillinu  ineidenl  s  I  ha\  e  m  .  1 1  nn  • . .  ^|.i-ak  lam 
not  hei  e  \\  it  h  a  toii-nr  ..|  tire  to  relight  and  em  I  da  'on  the  -p1,  -ml,  ,|  -  ,  ,|  <  |,, 
|ehie\  eineiit  .  Thai  otliee  must  In-  Idt  to!  a  nio|i  .  lalmlMle  addli-ss.  and  to 
otllfl's  lietle;  lilted  tol  the  task.  Alhl  1  lejnlei-  !o  s;i  \  ;|,a!  sn|||e  ol  j;> 

ionchiim  details  \\  il  I    he  u'i  \  i  n  \  mi    to  da  \     ;n    l>ni  in  IIL:    \\  •  M  ds    1 1 ,  n     a    !  i\  ;ii^ 
and  hom.ied  aetoi    in  the  seem-,      i  in    this    point,  then-ton      |    m-ei|    nn|\   ad. I 
I  lial  alt  lnHiLTli  l»d  \\  I'fii  single  shi  ps  on    ;  |,,     m-ran.  t  he    1 1  ;a!    !iad    i'ei-n  I  >el  on- 
signal  Is   glorious  I,.  .  >ur  tlau.  \  el   I  h  i  -    u  as    i  he    iji's;    ,\  mei  ••  an    s.piad  i  on    ;  hai 

e\  e|    made   hat  I  |e    \\  1 1  h   all   eliems  .   and    this 

l-jiu'land    had    a     na\>.    that    e\ei     had     heen    eaptnn-d."        \ml     it    an\     tl.Mt^ 

Illltller   \\ele    \\antlll'_:    to   heluhtei:    the   lil'l  I !  ia  lie  \    and    ,\'   h  !i    \  el  Ill-lit  .      ;    lna\     I  ie 

tonnd  ill  tin-  la,  I  that  oiir  the;  \\  a  -  i  nade.piate!  \  and  nm-,|iial!\  pio\ided 
\\ilh  men  and  eannon  nianm-d  inosil\  i>\  ia\\  n-i  inits  unMMiied  In  ha;t!e. 
and  eominanded  I  >\  \  mi  IIL:  men  \\  1 1  honl  e\  pei  p  n,  i-  MI  na\  a!  \v  ai  Ian  \\  !,- '.- 


5s 

un  the  other  hand.  ttiat  of  Hit-  British  was  fully  armed—  furnished  with  men 
who  had  encountered  many  conflicts  on  the  ocean,  and  commanded  by  the 
experienced  and  veteran  Commander  l>arcla\  .  who  had  won  rich  laurels 
under  Nelson,  at  the  immortal  battle  of  Trafalgar. 

Such  was  the  tremendous  contrast  between  the  opposing  forces.  Shut 
now  the  volume  that  records  the  event,  and  tell  me.  thoii  man  of  naval  and 
militan  science,  upon  what  principle  of  human  probability  can  the  triumph 
of  our  arms,  in  a  conllicl  so  unequal,  be  predicted? 

The  contrast  was  urrcat.  hut  to  the  dauntless  I'erry  b\  no  means  appalling. 
After  the  line  of  battle  had  been  set  and  all  was  made  ready,  an  hour  a 
silent  hour  was  occupied  in  advancing  to  the  conllict;  an  hour  in  which 
the  lives  of  the  M|iiadron.  the  fate  of  the  north-west  and  the  honor  of  the 
nation  were  suspended  upon  the  talents  ami  collected  valor  of  one  man. 
How  appalling  the  responsibility!  II<>\\  terrible  the  probation!  llou  vast 
the  interest  involved!  How  intense  the  u'.i/e  of  millions  upon  the  issue! 
At  such  a  moment,  men  of  the  present  generation,  picture  to  yourselves  the 
solemn  spectacle,  the  sublime  pageantry  of  two  hostile  armies  \\atchin.u  the 
movements  from  the  opposite  shores  of  the  lake:  of  defenceless  thousands 
throughout  the  unprotected  region  of  the  north-west,  whose  lives  and  homes 
were  at  stake:  yea.  of  millions  of  two  threat  nations,  whose  tinal  triumph 
hung  upon  the  issue  all.  all  awaiting  with  breathless  anxiety,  the  result  of 
the  conllict.  and  tell  me  if  it  was  not  an  hour  in  which  the  stoutest  heart  of 
the  hero,  charged  with  such  a  battle,  miifht  have  justly  trembled.  Yet  the 
heroic  Perr\  remained  unayitated.  unshaken  and  invincible.  He  had  no 
fear  but  for  the  safely  and  honor  of  his  countn  :  no  ambition  but  to  conquer 
or  die  in  her  defence. 

A  quarter  before  1-!  o'clock  the  solemn  suspense  was  broken  and  the 
conllicl  beiran.  At  '•>  o'clock  the  battle  ended.  Its  thunders  were  hushed. 
Their  echoes  had  died  away  upon  the  distant  shore  of  the  lake,  and  the  deep 
••silence  of  nature"  succeeded,  broken  only  by  the  cries  of  the  wounded  and 
the  dyimj;.  AS  the  smoke  of  battle  rolled  awa\  .  it  revealed  a  victory,  which 
shed  undying  glon  upon  the  Republic,  and  ijave  immortal  renown  to  the 
victors:  a  victors  which  wiped  from  our  escutcheon  the  disgrace  of  Hull's 
surrender,  avenged  the  insulted  honor  of  our  lla^r.  and  dissolved  forever  tin- 
spell  of  boasted  Piritish  maratine  invincibility.  Tin-:  rrrn.  <>K  \KIXIN 
had  struck  to  the  youthful  Pem.and  the  countrs  rany  with  acclamations 

of  jo)  . 

In  est  imalimj;  the  immediate  and  momentous  results  of  this  victory,  it 
si  HI  u  Id  not  lie  forgot  lei  i  I  hat  it  at  once  opened  a  pathwas  for  (  Jen.  Harrison. 
In  the  siibjunat  ion  of  Maiden,  to  the  re-coin  pies;  uf  1  >et  mit  .  to  the  restoration 
of  peace  and  safet\  of  otir  whole  extended  fj'ont  ier.  and  to  the  crowning 
^•lor\  of  his  campaign.  l>\  the  ea]itiire  of  the  entire  Ilritish  arms.  at  the 
Thame->.  It  chanu'ed  at  once  the  entire  tin  at  re  of  the  war  in 
and  transferred  it.  \\itli  all  iN  dread  pageant  r\  of  deal  li  and 
from  our  u\\n  soil  to  that  of  the  bewildered,  astonished  and 


t 
\v 


I  <>l  K  I  II     '  'I       IT  M      I    I    I.I    l:l<  A  I  I'  IN          -Cl.l  i    II     01       il'  IN        I  .     '   i  i«  -kl  y; 

domination  in  the  norlh-we-t  pradicalK  expired  \sith  the  la-t  ••vpsnir^  not«-- 
of  1 1  if  l;i*t  ran  in  iii.  \\  ho>e  t  IniinliT  doM'd  i  In-  halt  It-  "I  I.aki-  Kin-. 

In  \it-\v  ul  Ilifsc  '/ram  I  and  ulorioii-  re-nlt-  conm-ded  uilh  tin-  diif' 
influence  the\  exerted  in  ie\i\e  tin-  piiMic  -pint:  In  re-t.iie  tie-.li  \  ii,'oi  to 
tin-  A  merican  arm-:  1"  auaf.cn  tin-  national  ci.nlidem  .-;  to  -n-lain  the 
nal  ional  credit  ami  to  -t  ivm.:!  hen  tin-  aim  < >f  I  In-  -_'"\  1-1  nni'-iii .  a!  t  hat  -..do. >n\\ 
I  it- ri  oil  oi'  tin-  \\  a  i'.  il  i-  no  vs under  that  tin-  ni-u  -  oj  i  in1  \  idor>  i!e\\  on  i  If 
win::'- of  tin-  \\  iinl.  flfi-t  rit  \  MIL'  tin-  uholi-  nation  uith  |o\  .  ami  lilhni:  'In- 
heart  ofe\er\  patriot  uith  LTrat  itnde  and  exultation.  No  •.-, .  ii!i|t-:  thai  i  hi- 
hclU  of  f  \  f  r>  chin -.-h  III i'o n^hi. n!  1 1|.-  lii-|iiih!ic  ram:  on!  t  hi  M  IIH-I  i  \  |u-al-  a- 
ihf  m-\\^  I  ra\  i-i'M-il  tin-  intfi'ior.  an<l  !ha1  f\i-r\  ril>  ainl  hanilf!  in  iln-  lanil 
iila /fil  forth  \\  it  h  honlin-^  ainl  illnininat  ion-«  ami  olln-i  maii.li--!a!  '"ii-  ot '  t  In- 
hiL'h-u  nniurhl  pulilii-  n-ioicin- >. 

.  \inl  --hall  \\f.  \\hoari-  no\\  in  tin-  I'l-ai-i-l.ii  cnjox  ini-nl  t,i  i|..-  \\\\\  innt!'-n 
of  ihf^i-  ri'>nll>:  >hall  \\f.  -^laii'lini;  hi-i'i-  in  -i^lil  ot  ;ln-  -po!  «.•,  h«-!'f  Ihf  •_'!••. it 
i'llllc  \\liifh  M'l-in'fil  llii-ni  \\a--  I'on^h!  anil  \\on:  >hall  \vi-.  \i.  h"  l,a\<-  iiX'-'i 
•  •in-  hoinf>  ami  >«•!  up  our  hoii-rhoM  ^mU  in  tin-  miiUt  oi  tin-  t»-i'!itoi\  Min-^ 
M-.^fiifil  ami  ilf tV mlfil.  innain  iiiililffi'f ni  to  an  •••-.-nl  \\hii-h  i-onf.  n.-.l  -m-li 
|irifflfs>  hli-»iiiL;'^.  \\hii-h  ru>t  -•"  mn.-li  lilnoi)  ami  p'-nl  to  afhif\f  it.  \\hii-h 
aihlfil  MI  lunch  \\i-alth  to  tin-  1'anif  of  the  nation,  aipl  \\hii-h  ^till  I'oniinaniK 
tin-  applausf  ami  a<lniirat  ion  ol'  tin-  \s  oi'M0  NO.  m-\  1-1 .  m-\  ••  r. 

'I'n  lhf>f  si-flic^.  Ihfii.  If!  n->  with  i-ai-h  rftuininiT  anni\  ••  i'>ar\  i-oini-  up  tm' 
our  in^lrncl  ion.  I  ,f  t  n>  heir  tv-kimlli-  t  IM-  hcai-on-liri- •«  o[  pat  i  iot  i^ni.  u  hii-h 
l'i-n\  It- t't.ini  MHidcr  <•  lilT.  with  a  IV  r\  c  nl  prasi- r  that  tin- \  luirn  fon-\  (-i .  I.i-i 
us  liriii1^  liiiimrs  this  da\  fur  tin-  imhlf  ilcail  \\  Im  pi-nshfil  in  :hi-  !iurlil:  ami 
If  t  I  hi-  lani'f  1  ami  tin-  r\  |irr--^  hf  l\fpt  l'on-\  »•  r  I  Yrsh  anil  u'l'f '•  n  upon  !  In-  loni-l  \ 
irra\f>  \\  hfi'c  Ihi-ir  a->hr^  an-  f  n^hriiifil.  In  a  \\ojil.  let  u-~  -i-i-k  om-  u'i'i-at 
practical  lr>>on  of  pnhlic  iln!>  ainl  patriotic  ilarinur  in  tin-  ciinti-inplatioii  ot 
tin-  exploits  ami  >aei'itice-,  of  i  hat  ilaiint  lf»  liaml.  \\  Im  m-ar  thi->  >pot.  pt-rilfil 
their  lives  for  their  ecuintn.  lint  al>o\e  all.  let  n-  !hi^  >las  -i_rnali/e  mil 
grateful  apprei-iation  of  their  ^lorion^  ih-eiU  h\  eilicient  nie.i'-iiie^  (or  the 
erect  ion  of  a  im  iiinnient  on  >  onih-i-  ••(  i  ihrallar  IJocU ."  to  t  h.-  HM  nio]  \  i .]  |  '1-1  r\ 
and  hi>  nohle  coni|ianioii->  there  to  -^land  fore\er.  a  perpciiia!  nienioiial  oi 
oiir  conviction-,  of  the  nnniea^iired  !>cm-liN  coni'ci  i  -ed  upon  the  ufMern 
>!ate>  |i\  tlieir  patriotic  and  heroic  valor, 

At  no  d  Ma  nt  da\  upon  t  hat  consecrated  -pot .  \\  here  -In-p  i  h«-  a-lie-  nt'  Ilf 

I  il'a\  e   \\  ho   t'ell    in   t  he  ci  Mill  let  .   ' '  u  it  h    -ole  l  unit  ie-*  -tilled    Io  I  he  occa-lon.    \\  it  1 1 

prasei'  to  A  lini-h!  \  <  md    fur  1 1  i-  hle  —  ini:."  and    in   I  In-    in  id -I    ••(    ,1  i  loud  ••! 

\\  it  ne--e-   ]  ike  t  he-e   \\  h  ji-h   -U  ri'oil  nd     I  lie.   let    t  lie    con  le]    -io||i-  1 1|     I  ha!     Inonii 
i  IP -lit   I  "e  laid.      'I'ln-ri'  |cl   it  ri-e.      'I'licle  Id  il  -I  a  m  I  a-  !"iu  a-  I  he  I -I  if  u  ate]  - 
<  it    |-!rie  -hall  cont  inne  Io  da-h  aua  :  n-i  il  -  i  <  «'\\  i  "  >n  nd  ha-e.  '••  niai  k  I  );••   -pol 

\\hich  iiin-1    In-   fore\er  dear  Io   u-,.  in  ..in    children    and    ' ir   •  hiidieii'- 

.  hiidi  cii .  do\\  n  to  t  he  la -I   -\  I  i.d  >|e  i  -t    i .-.-,  ,\ , :,-,  i  imp-. 

'  1 '  1 1 1  •  I  a  p  -i  •  o  I    fo  ri  \  -  li  \  i  •  \  ea  r-  i  i  a  -  i  a ;  i !  d  o  \\  n  i  1 1  i  I  n  •  d  1 1  - 1    1 1 1  ••  - '    "  i    I  h*  •  1  •  i  a  \  c 
men  \\  ho  ]iart  ici  p,it  i-i  i   in  1  he  \  ic1 ,  i|  \,  .       I'hi-  illii-i  i  ion-  din  !    him--  '.  I .  '. 
thai   pioiid  da\.  ani'd  Ilf  1'o.n   and    -inoki'  .md      ioiin   o|    h.tiiie.  in-cnhed    h. 
name   ii)ion    I  he    ^hidd    oi    imnioi  i  a  !:l  \  .  ha-    i  •'•.  n    coin  pi -lied    'o   \ 
oid\    fiie  he  ft  111  Id  IP  it  com  1 1  ii-r :    i'li!    all .  1  haii  k    I  !•  a\  •  !i .  ai  ••  no;    \  •  t  _;.  .in         \ 
lillle  remnant  «\    ihal   iinnp.iiai  h.ind   -111!       n_fi    anioHL;    lln-    .ivini;.  to   ii-a;. 


(>0  H1STOKV.      OK     SI  XI •'.(.•  \     COINM. 

the  ricli  rc\v;inl  of  their  labor  ami  perils,  in  the  affections  and  benedictions 
i>t  their  countr)  men:  and  four  of  these  have  kindl)  yielded  to  the  earnest 
jii\  itation  of  the  committee,  and  are  now  present,  to  receive  an  expression 

of  the  gratitude  of  the  countr)  .  for  which  they  put  their  li\  es  at  ha/ard.  and 
to  which  they  devoted  the  (lower  of  their  youth. 

Fortunate  should  we  esteem  ourselves  that  we  have  been  permitted  to 
behold  this  spectacle;  a  spectacle,  the  like  of  which  in  thrilling  interest  and 
imposing  .grandeur,  was  never  before  vouchsafed  to  the  present  generation. 
Happy  indeed  that  (iod  has  granted  us  the  sight  of  these  veteran  survivor* 
under  circumstances  so  no\  el  and  affecting.  Soon.  alas,  too  soon,  shall  we 
M-ek  in  vain  for  one  survivor,  and  the  last  of  the  heroic  hand  will  be  seen 
•  >n  earth  no  more  forever.  Let  us  then  briny;  fresh  honors,  this  da\  Jto  those 
\\lio  still  remain  to  link  the  living  with  the  dead,  'ere  the  grave  shall  have 
closed  upon  them  forever. 

( iallant  an  1  \  "en  -rable  nr-ii!  with  gral"ful  hearts  we  bid  you  welcom  •. 
thrice  welcome  to  these  island  shores,  and  to  these  bright  scenes  of  your 
earl)  glorv.  \\'e  thank  tlie(iodof  mercy  for  having  prolonged  your  lives 
that  we  might  thus  greet  vou. and  that  you  might  behold  this  deeply  earne*t 
deinon*tration  of  vour  grateful  countr)  men. 

( )n  revisiting  tin-  memorable  spot  where  von  linked  forever  vour  own 
fame  \\ith  the  glorv  of  vour  country,  after  the  absence  of  nearl)  half  a 
centurv.  it  is  not  strange  that  the  stirring  incidents  of  the  victor)  in  which 
v  on  so  honorahl)  shared,  should  come  down  upon  your  memory  like  an 
avalanche  from  the  past,  and  agitate  you  with  conflicting  emotions. 

How  changed  the  scene  since  last  \oiir  eves  beheld  these  lovely  shores  ! 
True,  the  same  lake  which  \ou  then  sa\\  wreathed  in  smoke  of  battle  and 
cue  rim  soi  icd  \vit  h  t  he  blood  of  your  companions,  still  cont  in  ues  its  ceaseless 
funeral  \\ail  over  the  slumbers  of  the  buried  brave,  or  chants  its  loud 
anthems  to  the  prai*e  of  vour  gallant  deeds.  The  same  sun.  v\  Inch  then 
looked  do v\  n  from  it*  mid-da)  t  hrone  and  tired  \  our  young  hearts  to  deeds 
of  glorious  daring.  *t  ill  smile*  upon  v  our  return  to  this  reno\\  ned  i  heater  of 
\oiir  youthful  courage  and  patrioti*m.  Hut  in  other  respects  ho\s  ureatthc 
channel  Tin-  hau^lit)  foe  i*  u'one  the  din  of  \\ar  is  hushed,  and  instead  of 
the  thunder*  of  hostile  cannon,  and  the  shrieks  of  your  dyiim'  comrades. 
Mm  have  heard  lo-dav  the  shouts  of  a  new  generation,  uho  have  come  out 
from  all  the  boriler*  of  the  lovelv  land  vou  defended,  to  n'reet  \on  with  the 
loud  acclaim  of  an  overflowing  and  universal  ural it ude. 

Forever,  hereafter.  I'M''  loth  of  September.  1*1:'..  shall  be  sacred  to  our 
hearts,  as  it  ha^  lon.u'  been  glorious  to  our  count r\ .  1 1  \\  a*  \  our  good  fort  line, 
most  hoiiorabl) .  to  par!  ici  pate  in  t  he  danger*  of  t  hat  <\;\\ .  I  mini  lie  nt  \\  ere 
the  perih  \ou  encountered:  u'loi'ioii*  the  deed*  vou  performed,  and  great  ihe 
^acriticu*  v  on  made  for  v  our  coiinl  r\ .  I  u  ill  not  attempt  t  heir  eu log) .  The) 
have  alreadv  toimd  their  place  with  tho^e  of  voiir  dejiarled  compatriot*. 
amoiiLT  the  *o]emn  archives  of  t)iir  country,  where  the)  can  nev  er  die;  and 
thehi>tor)  which  record*  them  is  but  an  imperi*hable  t  i-an*cri|>(  of  \oiir 
i-laim^  upon  our  grat  it  ude. 

YOU  have  come  to  mo*t  of  the  tlioii 
age.  to  rev  iv  e  recollect  ion*  and  recount  i 
tradition  have  begun  to  cluster,  and  vou  fmd  \ 


I  (  it   K  I  H     (  )  I      JIM     i   I  I  I  |-,K  \  I  I'  i\        >I'M  •   H     i>r      HI  iS  .     I        Nl         'i  I 

<>l   a  '4rnrral imi   iin\\    in   tin-   lull   \  i4»i    ami   inn  nlian   itmiiilli  »\   in. nil I 

u  !H  i  1 1  ail  iml  sri-n  tin-  I  i -.ill  I  nt    ht-aM-n  u  In- n  Mm  hail  mil 'h  I  MI  n|  \  <  iin  l>r»-;ix;  • 
I"  thr  >haftx  i.f  1 1  rail  i  in  i|rfrn>r  nf  tin-  i  i^lit>  an<l  hmim  m    MHII  •  mi  at  i  \ 

Vnii  arr  iin\\  \\hrrrM>iiMiii>'l  Imtv-liM-  srar>  a^i*.  uith  tiailril  kinm-i- 
at  tin-  fiinrral  i>l  MHII  \  aliant  ili-ail.  l.iki-  nu>rll.  smi  lirlmii;  t'lafmim; 
4rriirratimi.  Vmi  Innk  armiml  MUI  in  \ain  l"i  MI.H  \niitlilul  rmiipainmi-'-iii 
arm-  ami  limtlirr-  in  prril.  Tin-\  havr  In-m  -4.1!  Iin  ••'!  !"  tli«-ir  tatln-i^.  Mir. 
MUI  look  an  H  i  in  I  \'Mi  im!  in  \ain  Im  tin-  r\  ulrm  -r-  "I  M.III  rmintr\  '>  liappi 
iir->.  ami  I'm  tin-  rirh  n- \\anU  "1  MHII  pat  i  i»t  ir  -su -i  iin •••-,  ami  iml-:  >mi  li"'k 
.ui'iiml  \uii  iml  in  \ain  Im  tin-  in)  ami  4iatitmlr  "I  tin-  ii\iii-4  thmi-ainl* 
\\lin  >uiTmiml  Mm.  ami  \\liu  II.IM-  ln-rn  in.nli-  li.i|'|'\  inn--t  hapi'i  i«»  lijil  \mi 

Uflrnnir.   tlili.T   \\rlrnllir.  mi   tlli^    rmoriTalril   'las  . 

\\  r   t'nrln-ai    I'lirllltT  til   lirlra\    mil     r|||iilimi>.   tul     rlllu^\    l>«'ln|iL.'->     !'••>•>  tn  tin- 

li\  inir  than  \»  1  hr  1 1  rail,  ami  t  hrrr  i->  m  >t  a  In -art  i  In  •minhmit  I  hi>  \  a>I  a^>rin 
!']>  that  ilur->  nut  t  'rrijiu'iit  1\  |ira\  that  \\  r  :na\  1mm  In-  ^pai'nl  l  hr  i|n!\  »! 
i;raiiliiiu:  I"  MHI  mir  laM  ami  ln^ln---!  hmim->.  I  M-tant .  lai  cli^t.inl .  \«-  t  In 
'la>  uliirh  ^hall  mark  \mir  -M-ttini;  >nn.  M.n  l  hr  -aim-  f  .'"I  \\  h"  ^hu-Mni 
\mi  in  liatllc.  ami  iriiiilol  ami  |uc->ri  \  nl  MHI  in  attri -lilr.  -t  ill  -milr  npmi 
>  "in  ilrrliniii'4  \  rai  ^.  ami  n  >\  n  t  hrin  \\  it  li  hi--  rirtn-M  ami  r  In  >\<  -r^t  li|r^>in^-.. 


rin.Ti-u|H  m     Mr.    ('(inkr    iiitri'<iu<  oi    ( '.i|«t.  Mi-plirn    <  '!;.ini|-l:n  [>  >  ti: 
i  ri  i\\  ii.      1 1  c  u  ,iv  t  In-  l.i^t  -H r\  i\  1114   •  mniiKuiiU-r  i  it    tin-   l'i-rr\    -M  iii.ulriH.. 
wli'i  K-il  tlu-  Si  i>r|iiiin   in  tlu-  trim!   liiu    ol    li.it'K-.  and  uhii  i;rcd  thr  in-1 
.11  id  ia-^t  41111   in  tlu-  <  i  Mill  ii  1 .       1  Ir  u  a->  rv<  ri\  rd.  \\  ;tl.  lri.-Mifiid.ou>  •  h 
1  lu-rrii|n  m  (,n\.  (   ha>r  IT, id  thr  <   .i|it.iiif-  >]H-n  h.  .t-  t'lillnw- 

"Mi:.  l'i:i>i  DI;N  i  :  I  nai'i-n^tmnnl  In  -prak  in  pnlilir.  ami  h.miiii  ii" 
riihliilrlirr  ill  ln\  \uirr.  I  a-^k  I  hr  l'a\  m1  «\'  MHI  In  rrail  I  In-  I'M!!.  i\\  nr/  rrplv  !" 
tin-  ilatlrriiiu  M-nl '  iiH-nl^  j«i-t  nllri-nl: 

/•'.  1 1,  ,<r-<  "iti~i  us:  I  mnlialh  lliank  \mi  I'm-  I  In-  il  i>l  :nurn  i^hnl  hmim  |'anl  !•• 
I  In-  inrinm  \  M|  ins  i  i|i |  rmniiiamlrr.  ( 'mniiiiiilmr  (  i.  II.  I'm  \  .  ami  I  In-  _allaii! 
'i!lii-rr>  ami  mm  umh-i  hi^  riimiiiaml  in  tin-  hatllr  MM  ihi^  lal\r.  aii'l  al>n  tlir 
llattrriii'4  lint  irr  nt'  m\  ->rr\  irr>.  nn  lliat  i  in-a^imi.  V  mi  has  r  am  pi  \  rru  ,n  ilnl 
mr  t'm  1  In-  tiiil  ami  rxpn^nrr  ••!'  lit'r  nn  I  ha  I  r\  nit  1'nl  ila\  .  N  i-\t  In  a  rmi 
-M-iiiil>lir-»  thai  I  |ir|-|'iiriiiri|  m\  dnl  \  tail  h  I  n  i  I  >  .  i-  1  In-  appi  i-liat  imi  "i  ,,.  \  a-i 
a  mult  it  i  nl  r  n|  m\  frlli  i\\  -rit  i/rii-^.  I  rrnr  \\  nl!\  thank  \  i  in  .  am!  In-  -4  h-a\  ••  I" 
•  ill'rr  i  hr  fnlliiu  MIL;  M-nt  imrnt :  "'I'lir  lliirt  \  >i  \  \  uliinlrri  >  n|  i  n-n.  1  lai  i  i>mi'> 
a  i  m\  .  \\  I  in  r  a  i  in-  In  n->  in  mil  ^rralr-t  m-nl .  in  \\  hmn  \\  r  s\  ri'r  mm  h  imlrbtnl 

l'i  il    i  hri !    \  ,1 1  U, ll'lr    ^rr\  ii •!••>.' 

M\    l'i)ll--;!14    '    hi-rr>    \\C\'c    L;i\Cll    I'M     I     apt.    (     ll.lMlp^'i. 

Mr.  (  'nokr  •    I1.  '    I,    - 

: '  i : ! .     i\  1 1  1 1 1  a  1 1 '  l    i  1 1 1 1 ! 1 1  \  .    •  l h ;  1 1 .    a->    '  < ; i  • 

1. r;i.    llarn-»iin  -  arm\.    m>t   rrtri  rrd   '.<>.    c.\>  i'> 

!i  '  iin     tlir    nn  k    'it    !  lii  •    i  >|i  i    \  i-'.i-;  .1  n  .    i   i  ''  'i     i  :i 

In  .  i  r ;  n  4  thr  i  m  p  r '  •  -  ->  •  >  l    I  '<  •  IT  \  .  \\  i !  h    .  i  p ;  < '  <  > '  i    i '  ' 

1 1 1  •  i  •  1 1   \  '  1 1 1  •  d  In  1  r,  1 1 1 .  u  :  i  h  :  1 ;  i  •  thank--  •  > '    ' ' : 

iii     I'l-nn-vl  v  .nr. .1 .    1 1!    uliii  li    IM     \\  i>    :':.i-ti    (<    '  '..:i\<>i>\< 


(>2  IIIslokN     <U      si- Nil  A     rot'NTV. 

patriotism  and  bravery  at  the  battle  ot  lake  Krie.  The  old  hero  was 
:oo  much  affected  to  say  one  word,  but  amidst  a  storm  of  applause 
acknowledged  the  kindness  slumn  him  b\  a  modest  bow  and  a  tlow  ot 
'.ears. 

Thomas  Hrownell.  of  Newport.  K.  I.,  was  then  next  introduced.  He 
i  ommanded  the  schooner  Ariel  in  the  battle.  He  was  greeted  with 
rousing  cheers,  and  responded  by  thanking  the  crowd  tor  the  Mattering 
and  cordial  expression  of  teeling.  and  assured  them  that  it  was  all 
gratefully  appreciated  by  him. 

l)r.  I'sher  1'arsons.  ot  Providence.  1\.  I.,  the  surgeon  ot  thetlag-ship 
Lawrence  at  the  time  of  the  battle,  was  then  introduced,  and  gave,  a 
detailed  and  thrilling  account  of  the  engagement.  His  address  wa- 
listened  to  with  the  most  intense  interest,  and  was  frequently  interrupted 
with  cheers  that  made  the  welkin  ring.  I  >r.  Parsons  said: 

Mli.     PliKSIDKN  I  .    AND    ClTI/KNS   OK   TIIK    L  A  K  K    SlIOUK: 

The  survivors  dt'  the  battle  of  Lake  Krie  here  present  have  listened  with 
intense  interest  to  the  eloquent  address  just  delivered,  and  thank  you  most 
-ineerely  for  the  cordial  reception  you  have  given  to  its  friendh  and  compli- 
mentary allusion  to  our  services  on  the  da\  we  are  now  assembled  to 
commemorate. 

Fort\ -five  years  ago  we  were  here  as  spectators  and  participants  in  the 
battle,  and  now.  in  advanced  years,  are  invited  to  join  a  vast  number  ot 
patriotic  cit  i/ens.  gathered  from  the  beautiful  and  lion  rish  ing  cities  bordering 
this  lake,  to  eel  el  irate  the  \  idory  then  gained  by  our  squadron. 

We  have  come  hither.  m\  friends,  to  honor  the  memor\  of  those  who  t'ell 
in  that  glorious  conllict.  and  are  sleeping  under  fche  soil  near  where  we  arc 
no\\  gathered.  We  ha\e  come.  also,  to  pay  a  grateful  tribute  of  respect  t<> 
1  In  memory  of  <  'oiiiniodore  Perr\  .  and  his  associates  in  the  battle,  who  ha\  <• 
since  passed  aw a\  in  the  ordinary  course  of  human  life.  And  \ou.  cit  i/ens 
of  the  lake  sh'iiv.  have  sought  out  and  invited  here  a  little  remnant  u| 
siir\  i\ors  to  bless  <>;ir  e\es  with  evidences  of  \oiir  prosjieritx  and  !iap|iines~,. 
and  to  \\ai'in  our  hearts  witli  tokens  of  assurance  that  our  toil  and  peril  oi 
life  on  that  eventful  da\  are  not  forgotten.  Would  to  (Jod  that  more  had 
lieen  spared  to  participate  with  us  in  these  L^'IHTOUS  demonstrations  ot 
gratitude  ami  respect.  lint  the\  have  passed  awa>.  and  in  a  ver\  liriet 
pei'iod  n|  1  ime  no  spectator  will  lie  left  to  tell  t  he  stor\  i  if  ••  Perry's  Vie  ton  ." 

'I'hat  \ictor\  deri\  es  a  general  intei'est  from  the  fact  that  it  \\asthelirsl 
encounter  ot'  our  infant  nav\ .  in  licet  or  squadron.  In  contests  \\  ith  single 
-hips  \ye  had  humbled  the  pride  of  (".real  llritain.  The  (iuerrier.  .la\a 
and  Macedonia  had  surrendered  to  our  stars  and  st  ripes.  I  >ut  here,  on  \  ondei 
\\a\es.  that  nation  was  taught  tlic  unexpected  lesson  that  u  e  could  cunipiei 
;  hem  in  -<|uadnin.  I'.ul  this  battle  deri\'es  a  particular  interest  from  it- 
bearing  on  the  war  of  iNlif.  and  from  the  relief  it  brought  to  >  our  shores  in 
A  rciirhniL:  the  tomahawk  and  scalping  knife  from  sivauv  hands;  shielding 
,  tY'inticr  <if  thii'i-  hundred  miles  fi-nm  the  assaults  and  conflagrations  of  a 
ci'inbined  I'.i'ilis);  and  sa\a.Lre  fi>i-;  npeniiiL;  the  iraies  ,,f  Maiden  to  den 


H>l    K  I  II     <  'I       II    I  \     i    I   I   I   |:  K  \  I  1 1  >\         >|-t   t  .    H     i  •!      I  .K      |    Vk  vi  is  *  i,  ; 

Harrison's  army ,  that  enabled  it  tn|uir>iie  and  capture  tin-  «inl\  aim-,  thai 
waseaptnred  during  the  \\ai.and  in  r«-«.t.»i  iiiu'  I"  n>  hetimi  an, I  th.-ti.-i- 
naviiMlimi  nf  the  tipper  lake-. 

M>   friends.  \oii    luxe    read,  and    xmir    fathei-   hax,     l«>lil    vmi.tln-    Mm  v   "i 

this     Xictorx..     Yet     from     tin-    lllliTc-,1     \ol|     -IllI     III. Illlli  -I     |i\     cmtl'l'.,'     hi-|i-Hl 

throii^im_r  multitudes,  as  uell  as  bx  the  .-\|,ic--cd  \\ill  ,,[  -mm-  p!i->.-ni.  an<l 
nl'  the  press,  it  is  apparent  t  hat  \  mi  u  i>h  tin-  -.tm  \  ;..  I,.-  ii-|,,.at,-,|  j.r»l>al>I\ 
u  itli  t  lie  ilrMiv  Ilia!  MHI  max  hrivaliri  ri-lati-  it  In  \  i>m  i-lni.ln-n  a>  •••.iniii^ 
I'mni  a  spfrtaliti  ut  tlir  sn-in-.  I  uil!  tlu-ii-i'mi-  UMM-  a  Lin-i  ~k.  ;.  |,  ,.\  th,- 
l.attlr. 

I  >liall  nut   ill-lain    \mi    \\ilh  a  i|i-->i-npl  i»n    "t    Ihi-   i  -i  in--:  i  MI  1  !•  >ii    an<l  «-i|iup 
nil-lit,    lillt    n  inilili'liri-    \\llli    HIM     aill\al     IH-II  .    l\\i-ii!\    ;i\i-    .|a\--    ln«In|»-    tin- 
ai-timi.  and   mir  i-nii>inir   in    thai    linn-    ln-i\\i-i-n    MaMm    and    *».ind  u-k  \     and 
n-i-fi\  in^r  in-ar  llir  latti-r  plai-r  a  \  iMt  lYnni   t  n-n.  I  iai  i  !-•  >\i  ai.d  >mli-.  pii-p.ii 
I'»r\  ID  an  attack  mi  Maldrn. 

l-larlv  in  tin-  iininiiiiur  "1  tin-  M'th  ..i  xi-ptfiiil.i-r.  I>1::.  uhiN-  \\.-  lav  a! 
aiidim'  in  tin-  lia\.  a  rr\  caini-  li<'in  lln-  lua^l-lii-ad  "^ail.  \\»'"  \\]  haiid^ 
It-aped  I'rmn  tlu-ii  ln-rtli^.  and  in  a  ti-\\  ininiitt-^  tin-  n\  ua>  ii-pt-a'n-d.  until 
>i\  saiK  \\i-rt-  annminrrd.  Signal  ua-  inadr  in  tin-  -,|iiadi"!i  'IjH'im  in 
siiflit:  L'l-t  nndt-r  ua>  ."  A  nd  >m>ii  tin-  linai'^c  --mind  «\  1  rniiipi-!  •»  and  ^In  ill 
pipi-  i  >!'  the  boatswain  ri->i  iiindcd  tlirmiuhiiut  mn  -.ipiadi  <  MI  .  u  it  h  "all  hainK 
up  anrlim  .  aliM\  !" 

In  passing  out  of  thi>  hav  it  was  desirable  to  ^ro  in  tin-  left  oi  \midi-i  i-l.-t . 
lull  on  liriim  notified  b\  sailing-master  'l'a\lor  thai  adxn^i-  \\nnl-  \\oulc| 
pn-vriit.  tin-  <  'miinindnri-  replied:  "(in.  then.  MT.  in  the  ri^'ht;  l<ii  tin-,  da\  I 
am  deterniined  In  meet  and  liuht  the  i-nenix. 

Tli  en-  were  nine  A  merit -a  1 1  \  e>sels.  i-arr\  ini;  •">!  unn-'  and  (tm  men  .  and  ^i  \ 
IJritish  vessels.  earr\  inu  ii."  jri  MIS  and  -"ill  men. 

At    the   I  ii-ad   of  our    line    uere    I  In-   Seoi-piuii.    <  a  pt .  •   1 1  a  in  i  >':  i !  i .  ,i  i  id     \  i  !••!. 

1  .lellt  .    1'aeUet  ;    I  n   \  1  .   t  he   ll:iU-^ll  i  | '    1  .a  U  feliee  .  <  >|     _'i '  U  I  i  1 1 -.!•'.  | ,  _',,_.,;  h>-   ;  la  U 

slii|i  Detmil .  the  ( 'aledmiia  to  li^lit  the    1 1  iiniei :   the    N  ia^ara.  ••!    _'n  uul ,,,;,, 

ell^ra^e  t  he  l^lleell  <  'liai'lnt  te;    a  lid    ia->t  I  \  .  I  h  I'ee  Mlia  !!  \  e---'-|--  !• '       ji.t    !  !:•     I  .ad  v 

|'ro\ost.  of   I:;  unn-.  and  I.MiN-  I5ell.nl   -uuii-.     <  >m    ili-.-t    : 
at  taeK  I  In-  ein-iii\  .  di-tanl .  at    I o  <.',•!,  ,,-k  .  ahmit   li  \  ••  mi  ',<•  -. 

The    ( 'nllllliodnrc   ]|o\\      plodliei-i|     Mil      '    -,;/...   u|    1 1  L;  1  i !  '  I :  _• 

c-ealed    in    tin-   ^'nip.      I;    v\a^   in>eriliei|    uitli    lai^e    uhii<-    'i-tl'-1-     .-n   .1    1-1. n 
•4rmind.  legible  thrmi^hniii   the   >i|iiadimi:   "licN'r  i.i\i     i  r    1111    Miir.' 
1  lie  last   u  m  iK  n|    I  lie  expiring   1  .a  u  ri-in-e.  and   nnv,    to  lie    hoi>tfd  at   !  In-  ma--l 
head  nl    the  vessel  bearing  hi->  name. 

A  spifited    appeal  \va-    made  tn  the  ereu  .  and  up  v\eiil  lie-  !lau  in  ;in-  tmt- 
in\  al.  amid  hea  it  \   elieer-^  I  hrmiLT  limit   1  In-  ^ipiadi'nn  .  and    ;  In    dram1,  a  nd  lite- 
^t  i  nek  up  t  he  t  hrillniL;  smiml.   "all  hamK  In  i  purler-. 

The     lulehe-.   n|    passage- \\  a  \  s   In   the    'lei    k-.    Uele     1 1  o  \\     ,     i  .>ed  .   e\.  c   ptlli-    .1 

Miiall  aperture  I'-n  mehe-  Mpiaie.  lhinii'_;h  \\liieh  l:uh'  \l.a->  ailmiltfd  In  the 
-viirvreon'-'  ri  >mn .  t  >  >\  n-eeis  JIILT  I  he  v\  minded .  t  In  llnni  .  •;  \\  h  ><  h  \\  a-  mi  a  V\  i  ! 
\v  it  1 1  the  siirt'aee  o!  tin-  lake,  and  exposing  then,  i..  .  ..i.i.mi  \>.t:\  a-  noi' 

i  he\    \\  ere  i  'II   deck  . 

K xerx   jireparatinn  IH-HIL;"  made,  and    c\i-:\    inai     .1: 

-ileiiee   lelul'licd    fur   Inme    [Kan    ,il(     Imll'  '.hi-   -i  i-t.i- 


<>4  HIM  i  >KV 


It  was  like  tlu*  stillness  tliat  precedes  tlic  liurricane.  The  Meet  moved  on 
steadilv  t  ill  a  ipiarter  before  twelve  o'clock,  when  tlic  awful  suspense  was 
relieved  by  a  shot  aimed  at  us  from  the  Detroit,  about  one  mile  distant. 
1'errv  made  more  sail,  and  cominir  within  canister  distance,  opened  a  rapid 
and  destructive  lire  on  the  Detroit.  The  Caledonia,  ('apt.  Turner,  followed 
the  Lawrence  in  gallant  style:  and  the  Ariel.  Lieut.  I'acket.  and  the  Scor- 
pion. Cajit.  Champlin.  fought  nobly  and  effect ivelv . 

The  X  iairara  failing  to  irrapple  with  the  (v>ueen.  the  latter  vessel  shot  ahead 
to  lire  upon  the  Lawrence,  and  with  the  Detroit  aimed  their  broadsides 
exclusively  upon  her.  hoping  and  intending  to  sink  her.  At  last  thev  made 
hei'  a  complete  wreck:  but.  fortunately,  the  Commodore  escaped  without 
injiirv.and  stepping  into  a  boat  with  his  liirhtinir  llair  thrown  over  his 
-lioulders.  he  pushed  off  for  the  Niagara  amid  a  shower  of  cannon  and 
musket  balls,  and  reached  that  vessel  unscathed. 

lie  found  her  a  fresh  vessel,  with  onlv  two.  or  at  most  three,  persons 
injured,  ami  i  in  medial  el  v  sent  her  commander  to  hasten  up  t  lie  small  vessels. 
1'errv  boarded  the  Niagara  when  she  was  abreast  of  the  Lawrence,  and 
further  from  her  than  the  Detroit  was  on  her  riyht.  The  Lawrence  now 
dropped  astern  and  hauled  down  her  Hair.  I'erry  turned  the  Niagara's 
course  towards  the  eiiemv .  and  crossing  the  bow  of  the  Lawrence  bore  down 
headforemost  upon  the  enemv  "s  line,  determined  to  break  through  it  and 
lake  a  rakinir  position.  The  Detroit  attempted  to  turn,  so  as  to  keep  her 
broadside  to  the  Niagara,  and  avoid  beiuir  raked:  hut  in  doing  this,  she  felt 
against  the  <,}ueeii.  and  got  entangled  in  liei -rigging,  which  left  the  enemv 
no  alternative  but  to  strike  both  ships.  I'erry  now  shot  further  ahead,  near 
t  he  Lad  v  I'mv  ost .  which,  from  being  crippled  in  her  rudder,  had  drifted  out 
out  of  her  place  to  leeward,  and  was  pressing  forward  towards  the  head  of 
the  British  line  to  support  the  two  ships.  (  )ne  broadside  from  the  Niagara 
^ilenced  her  bat terv .  The  Hunter  next  st  ruck,  and  the  two  smaller  vessels, 
in  attempting  to  escape,  were  overhauled  bv  the  Scorpion.  Capt.  Champlin. 
and  1  he  Trip.  Mr.  Holdup:  and  t  h us  ended  the  action,  after  .'!  o'clock. 

Let  us  now  advert  fora  moment  to  the  scenes  exhibited  in  the  llag-ship 
Law  re  nee.  of  which  I  can  speak  as  an  ev  e-w  it  ness.  The  wounded  began  to 
coiue  i  low  n  before  she  opened  her  bat  terv  .  and  for  one.  I  felt  impatient  of 
the  delay.  Iu  proper  time,  however,  as  it  proved,  the  dogs  of  war  were  let 
loose  from  their  leash,  and  it  seemed  as  though  heaven  and  earth  were  at 
loggerheads.  For  more  than  two  hours  little  could  be  heard  but  the  deaf- 
eniiiir  thunder  of  our  broadsides,  the  crash  of  the  balls  dashing  through  our 
timbers,  and  the  shrieks  of  the  wounded.  These  were  brought  down  faster 
I  hau  I  could  attend  to  them,  farther  than  to  stav  the  bleeding,  or  suppoi't  a 
^haltered  limb  with  splints,  and  pass  them  forward  upon  the  berth-deck. 

\\  hen  the  battle  had  raired  an  hour  and  a  half.  I  heard  a  call  for  me  at  the 
-mall  skv-litrhl.  and  stepping  towanls  it.  I  ^aw  the  Commodore,  whose 
i-oiinlenance  was  as  calm  and  placid  as  if  on  ord  inarv  dnt  v .  "Doctor."  said 
! ie.  •  '->cud  me  one  of  \oiiriiieii.'  mean inif  one  ot  the  six  stationed  with  me 
to  a-»ist  in  niov  Inii'  the  wounded.  In  live  minutes  the  call  was  repeated  and 
olieved.  and  at  the  seventh  call  I  told  him  he  had  all  mv  men.  He  asked  if 
t  here  w  ere  an  v  ^i'-k  '  'i  w  on  nded  w  ho  could  pull  a  rope,  when  two  or  t  hree 
craw  led  up  «\\  deck  In  lend  a  helpiim.  but  feeble,  hand  in  pit  Him;'  at  the  las' 


lolklH     01      II  l\    <  1.1  I  l:k.\lH>N  — M-}  |  i  H     <«|      I,K.    |-\K-"N-.  (,5 

yuns.  'I'lic  hard  li^htin^  terminated  al>oiit  three  o'clock.  A-  the  -moke 
cleared  a\\a>.  tin-  two  lied-  \\eiv  !'..iind  iiinii:!«-d  lordlier,  tin-  -mall  \. ---eU 
having  conic  up  t<>  tin-  other--.  Thr  -haltered  |.a\s  ivn<  e.  \\  in-  1»  the  \\  ind- 
uard.  \\a-  once  more  ahle  to  hoi-t  her  !laur.  \\hich  \\a>  cheered  \<\  a  leu 
feeble  \oicf>  on  lioanl.  making  a  iiidaiichoU  -oimd  compaied  uit!,  (1,.- 
boi>teron-  cheer-  tlial  preceded  tin-  battle. 

The  proud,  though  painful,  duts  ol  taking  pi.--e^ion  o|  tin-  .  ,.n>p,e!  .-d 
ships  \\as  no\\  performed.  Tin-  hdroit  ua-  m-ail\  di^iuatit  ird.  and  tin- 
df«.t!'uct  ion  and  carnau'''  li^id  ln-cn  dn-adlul.  'l'h«-  (^ui-cn  \\a-~.  in  condilion. 
a  lit  t  If  IK -tic  i'.  "  K\  c  r\  I  'oiiiiiiandf  i  .  and  ^i-i-ond  in  roiuinand  .  ^a\  >  I  lai  v|a\  . 
in  liis  otlii-ial  report.  "ua>  fitln-i'  K  illcd  oi  u  oiindt-d."  Tln-uho!.-  nuinlici 
killfd  in  the  i;riti>h  licet  \\a^  l'ort> -one.  and  ot  uoiind«-d  niiift%  -loin  .  lii 
tlif  Anif  ricaii  licet.  t\\fiit\ -M-VCII  \\tTf  killed  and  nine!  \  ->i\  \\  i.nnded.  <  >i 
tlif  t  \\fiit  \  -x-Vf  u  killfd.  t  wen  t\  -t\\i  i  \\eie  on  hoard  the  I  .a  u  re  nee;  and  ot'  t  lie 
Ilillf  tV-si\  \\  oiiiideil.  >i\!  \  -one  \\  ere  on  lioard  1  hi>  >aine  >liip  Inak  i  li1^  f  iiMit  \  - 
three  killed  and  \\oiinded  out  of  lul  u-poMed  lit  lor  dnt>  on  tlie  I.a\M'i-iie»- 
uli  the  iiiiiniiliLT  i>l'  the  hattlf.  (  >n  lioai'd  the  Niagara  \\eie  tuo  killed  and 

t\\  ellt\  -tin  ee   \\  ol  Hided       making  t  \\  ell  t  \  -fl  \  e;    a  I  id   of    the^r.   t  U  elit  >  -t  \\  o  U  e]e 

killed  or  \\oiinded  after  1'ei'rx  took  eoniiiiand  of  her. 

Alioiit  t  o'eloek  a  hoat  \va- di>eo\  ei'ed  a|iproarhinur  tin-  l.aun-nee.  Soon 
the  ( 'oinniodore  \\as  reeoLrni/fd  in  her.  \\ho  \\a>  returning  to  resume  i-om- 
niand  of  hi>  tatlered  >hip.  determined  that  the  remnant  oi  her  rivu  ^hoidd 
ha\  f  the  pri\  ileuM-  of  \\  it  nosing  the  t'onnal  surrender  of  tin-  I',]  it  i^h  oilier  r-. 
It  \\  a>  a  tilne  of  eolllliet  illir  e  Illot  ion  s  U  hen  he  stepped  Upon  the  deck.  The 

liattle  \\a->  \vi-n.  and  he  \vas  safe:  hut  the  deck  ua>  ^lip|>ei-\  with  Hood,  and 
>tre\\ed  \sith  the  bodies  of  t\veiil>  otlicer>  and  men.  some  of  \\hoin  -at  at 
table  with  us  at  our  last  meal,  and  the  ship  rebounded  u  ith  the  :_rroan-  of 
the  wounded.  Those  of  us  who  were  spared,  and  aMe  to  ualk.  met  him  at 
the  iraiiL,rwa\  to  \\eleoiue  him  on  hoard,  hut  the  salutation  \sa-  a  silent  one 
on  lioth  sides  not  a  \\ord  could  I'md  utterance.  And  no\\  the  15riti-.li 
otlice  i's  ai  i  i\  ed  one  from  each  \  e»el  to  tender  t  heir  siihmi-Mon.  and  \\  it  h 
it  their  swords.  When  the\  approached,  picking  their  \\a>  ainon\'  the 
wreck  and  carnage  of  the  deck,  \\ilh  their  >\\  'ord-hilts  to\\  aid-  lVrr\.the\ 
tendei'ed  them  to  1 1  i-  accept  a  nee.  \V  i  l  h  a  dignified  and  >oli'inn  air.  and  u  it  h 

a   lo\\    tolie  of    \oice.he    I'eiplested     I  hem    to    Iflaill    their    -idearill-:    ilupnied 

\\ith  dff)i  conrern  for  ( 'oinniodore  Uarc|a\  and  the  \\oimded  oilieer^. 
It- nde rilrj;  I"  them  e\  er\  conifoi  I  hi--  -hip  al't'i  >\  deil.  and  e\pre---in^  hi-  i  cuM'et 
that  lie  had  not  a  spare  medical  otlicer  to  -end  ihem;  that  he  had  oiil\  one 
on  dut\  for  tin-  lied,  and  that  one  had  hi-  hand-  full. 

A  Illon-    the   Ilillf  t\  ->i\    \\  oimdfd.   t  here  ocrlirred   i  hi  ee  deal  h-.       A    !  i  -lilt    NII 

favoral'h'  u  a- altrilnitahle  tidhe  plentiful  -uppl\  "'  H'e-h  pi  o\  i-'p  >ii-  -ent 
olT  to  u-  i  roin  t  lie  (  >hio  shoiv.  to  fre-h  an  the  u  ..iinded  l>i-iicj  ranged  nude; 
an  a\s  ni  iiu  on  !  he  deck  unt  il  \\  e  arri\  ed  a',  |-!r;e.  (en  da\  -  allei  l  lie  aci  ion: 

alld.  also,   to   t  he  c[e\  oted   ai  tent  ioll   of    I  'i  imiiiodol'e    I  'el  !'\    '  •  '  e\  el  \     U  allt  . 

ThoM-  \\  ho  \\ele  killed  in  the  I'a'ile  \\ejr  ih.ii  i  XelilliU  ci.Inlllilleil  to  tin- 
deep,  and  o\  i-r  ;  hem  \\  a-  i  ead  the  impre--i  v  e  I  !p;  -'  OJM!  -ei  \  |i-e. 

M 1 1  t  h  e  I  o  1 1  o  \\  i  n  •_;'  m  *  <  i  n  ;  1 1  u"  the  I  u  o  licet-,  -ailed  1 1 . ;  •  •  1  M  \  .  \\  h  e  i  e  t  h  i  • 

-lain  otlicer-  nf  hoth  \\eie  hurjed  in  an  appi'opi  ialr  and  alleetin-j;  niannei'. 
Tlie\  eoii-i.-ted  of  three  American^  Lieutenant  Hi  <  °  'Is-,  and  in:d-hi|'iiien 


(ih  HISTORY    or    SKNFA'A    rol'NTY. 

Lynch  and  Clark:  and  three  Mritish  officers —Captain  Finis,  and  Lieutenant 
Stokes,  of  the  Colleen,  and  Lieutenant  (iarland.  of  the  Detroit.  Equal 
respect  was  shown  to  the  slain  of  both  nations,  and  the  crews  of  both  fleets 
united  in  the  ceremoiiN .  The  procession  of  boats,  with  two  bands  of  music; 
the  slow  and  regular  motion  of  the  oars,  striking  in  exact  time  with  the 
solemn  notes  of  the  dirge:  the  mournful  waving  of  (lags,  and  sound  of 
minute  guns  from  the  ships,  presented  a  striking  contrast  to  the  scenes  of 
two  days  before,  when  both  the  living  and  the  dead,  now  forming  this 
solemn  and  fraternal  train,  were  engaged  in  fierce  and  bloody  strife,  hurling 
at  each  other  the  thunderbolts  of  war. 

On  the  eighth  day  after  the  action,  the  Lawrence  was  dispatched  to  Krie 
with  the  wounded,  where  we  received  a  cordial  welcome  and  kind  hospitality. 

The  remainder  of  the  vessels  conveyed  Harrison's  army  to  Maiden,  where 
they  found  the  public  stores  in  llamcs.  and  Proctor,  with  his  army,  in  hasty 
r, -treat.  Perry  joined  Harrison  as  a  volunteer  aid.  who,  with  our  troops. 
chiefly  from  Ohio  and  Kentucky,  overtook  and  captured  the  army.  Perr\ 
then  accompanied  Harrison  and  Commodore  Man-lay  to  Krie.  where  they 
landed  amid  peals  of  cannon  and  shouts  of  the  multitude,  and  from  thence 
proceeded  to  Rhode  Island. 

Commodore  Perry  served  two  years  as  commander  of  the  -lava,  taking 
with  him  most  of  the  survivors  of  the  Lawrence.  lie  after  this  commanded 
a  squadron  in  the  West  Indies,  where  he  died,  in  isp.i. 

Possessed  of  high-toned  morals,  he  was  above  the  low  dissipation  and 
sensuality  too  prevalent  with  some  otlicers  of  this  day.  and  in  his  domestic 
character  was  a  model  of  every  domestic  virtue  and  grace.  His  literary 
acquirements  were  respectable,  and  his  taste  refined.  He  united  the  graces 
of  a  manly  beauty  to  a  lion  heart,  a  sound  mind,  a  safe  judgment,  and  a 
firmness  of  purpose  which  nothing  could  shake. 

Hut  this  intelligent  audience  already  know  and  appreciate  his  noble 
virtues  and  honor  his  glorious  achievements.  The  maps  of  \our  shores  and 
inland  towns  and  counties  are  inscribed  with  his  name:  and  the  noble  State 
of  Ohio,  and  the  I'nited  States  are  about  to  decorate  the  walls  of  their 
respective  capitols  with  splendid  representations  of  the  battle  we  are  this 
day  commemorating. 

My  friends,  in  the  name  and  behalf  of  the  citi/ens  of  Rhode  Island.  I 
tender  you  their  grateful  acknowledgements  for  the  honor  done  that  little 
State  on  this  interest  ing  occasion.  She  sent  hither  the  commander  of  the 
squadron,  and  a  majority  of  the  otlicers  and  men.  Sheglories  in  the  victory 
gained,  and  regards  the  name  and  tame  of  her  gallant  son  as  one  of  her 
choicest  jewels,  and  \\ill  ever  cherish  grateful  sentiments  towards  those 
\\lio  respect  and  honor  his  memory.  You  have  come  hither,  my  friends,  for 
this  hol\  purpose  from  all  the  cities  of  the  lake  shore,  and  are  about  to  lay 
'lie  cornel-  stone  of  a  monument  to  perpetuate  his  memory  and  fame, 
riionirh  his  name  will  outlive  structures  of  marble,  or  of  bron/.e.  yet  rest 
assured  that  the  citi/ens  of  Rhode  Island  \\ill  hail  with  delight  the  report 
of  this  da  \  's  transact  ions,  and  in  their  fnt  nre  western  pilgrimages  \s  ill  linger 
about  this  ->pot  and  in\oke  Heaxen's  choicest  blessings  on  \on  in  return  for 
>  our  LTenen HIS  magnanimit \ . 

Old  companion^   in   the  conflict.  I  rejoice  to  see   \oii   and   one 


IHI1OH    •>!•     Jl  I  Y    L  Ft.KlikA  1  I»N — .  «  >\t  It   siu\.  <>- 

\iiii  I iy  the  hand,  ami  a  nmre  littiiii;  occ.-isj.in  than  tin-  present  could  hardl) 
occur  or  lie  conceived  of.  I  it  t  In-  da>  s  <  >f  urn  >«>iith  we  raim-  l<>  tiit-  r«-s.  u«- 
of  this  lake,  ami  t<>  assist  in  restoring  peace  t"  tlu-  frontier.  A  kind 
1'rovidence  has  h-nirtln m-d  mil  mir  da\s  be\oml  man's  allotted  p«-i  io.l  of 
existence,  ami  IIM\V.  after  a  lapse  <•!'  m-arl>  halt"  a  centnr\.  permits  u-  to 
*  revisit  the  place  where  important  scenes  Iran-piled  in  »m  i-arl>  \t-ai^.  ami 
t<i  unilf  in  i-fldirat inur  tin-  virtur\  arhic\»-il  !•>  mir  nnirh -|n\i-<l  <  ••ni!iiaii«li-! . 
\\'c  jiiyt'ull>  >ii!'\f\  tht-  \\  iimlt-rt  ill  chaii^f-.  ami  ini|m>\  rim-nt-.  that  Iia\«- 
occuiTfil  >incc  the  \\ar  m'  IS|L'.  MulTalu  \\a>  tln-n  a  |iu|iiili»ns  \  illani*.  l»ut 
soon  after  ;t  lit'ap  of  ashes:  Krir  cc-nlaim-il  Inn  a  ><  »n-  (.t'  i|\\»-llinur^;  <'!••%••- 
lami  was  a  cluster  of  lnur  calun>:  Samln>k> .  tin-  --aim-:  Toleiln  \\  a-«  M"\V  In- re. 
ami  hetrnit  in  |iovsc>-.iun  nf  the  i-m-ni\.aml  imt  a  ^inirlf  Anu-rifan  vessel 
uas  li-t't  nil  the  lakes  ,.i;  \shirh  \«  hoi^t  mn  >Iars  ami  -^tripes. 

And  what  ilo  \ve  nn\v  liehcilil  V  A  population  im-rea-»ei|  an  hiimln-<l  t'olil; 
inaijiiilifent  am!  pros|icrniis  citio;  |i.t't\  ->|iin->  ami  iloim-^  on  t«-nipli->  of 
worship:  colleges  am  I  seminaries  ot  I  earn  iiiir:  f\ten^i\  r  cuniiin'i  •(•••:  i.iilioails 
di\ •er^iiiLT  and  intersecting  in  all  ilireetions:  the  white.  mit>preail  winii-'  of 
eoninierce  urliilinur  to  ami  fro.  an<l  freighted  \\  it  h  t  he  exhaust  li-^>  |>rodm-t>  of 
the  north  and  northwest  a\e.  and  plon^hiiiLi'  >on  cr\-tal  \\a\t---.  once 
shrouded  in  the  smoke  of  our  cannon,  and  erinisom-d  \\  ith  tin-  Hood  of  our 
coinpanioiis. 

Old  friends,  we  jiart  to-day.  prol>alil\  to  meet  m>  more.  (>ur  nn-nioi  i«->  of 
the  pa^t.  ami  the  happy  experiences  of  thi>  celebration,  till  our  hearts  \\ith 
grateful  and  tender  emotions,  and  will  serve  to  ^ild  the  eveninir  t\\  ili^ht  of 
our  da\  s.  I  hi(|  \  011  an  affect  innate  farewell. 

.\l.i\nr  Murkweather.  ot"  ( 'lc\  i-iaml.  tlu-n  ui.ulr  a  sliort  sjn-i-di.  Ilr 
was  t'ullnwi-il  liy  Jdslma  l\.  (  iiddini:-.  I'.  I'.ciliunc  huttivld.  l'.s(|..  . .(' 


(  i\     |:<  i.\  KI  '      I  II  I       s  I  I    \M  I   K     i.'I    I   I  N     i   I  I  \  . 

\>r.  I'shcr  r.-irxitis  pointrd  oul  iVom  tlu  -traiiu-r  (Jm-cn  ('ity.  on  lu-r 
trip  hotiH'wanl.  witli  thrrc  iiilu'r  -.ur\i\"ors  MH  Imaril.  tlu-  huahly  when1 
ihr  lire!  li.n!  cniiK1  [<>  anclmr  a  \\-\\-  da\s  lic-t'orr  the  i-n^a^cincnt.  and 
I'm-ii  thrrc  ^nns,  .1  -i::na!  pn-v;<iMsl\  a^rrni  ii]xi!i  lu-tucrn  I 'nmuMilorc 
I'cirv  .iiid  (it-n.  llarrisdn.  "'Ilu-  m  \!  da\  "  ^ai<l  tin-  ilm  t>  ir  •  "(icn. 
H^rri-ii'i.  ami  hi-  >uitr.  anmn,;  wlmn]  \\crr  the  (  rlrlir.itrd  t  ii  »\  .TIII  »r 
M  <  A  rthur  anil  I  1  <  'ii.  I  .vwi-  (  'a--,  u  ith  .1  nu mi  KT  <  >f  1 ::'  1  :.in  •  hie!-.  <  .inn- 
on  hoard.  ilrriKlu-i!  with  rain.  llrrr  wr  rnrixci!  t!u  \->;;i;;ccr  re; r; 
I  ( i  r  c  e  n  H  •  n  t  t  r  >  i  n  i  the  a  r  i  n  \  .  \  <  1 .1  \  >  <  •'  '  \\  <  •  .  i : ;  i  r  1 1  u  r  >  <  i  •  j  •'. :  i  < !  i  •  • !  I  n.  i , . 
Harrison  aiui  -uitc.  thr\  u  ere  -ahited  \v.t!  !'n  'i^'iai  'I'lmlu-r  «'  _'Mi-~. 
l'hc\  sti  mil.  i!".nuu  ill--  t  inie.  .  MI  the  •  j'l  d''i-: 
loll  ilrc-  iinii'.rm.  I  ha\«:  r-vrr  ,in,  , 

more     tnaru.i1!    ^t.i!i    •>',    ntin  «-r-~.      \\  hi  :i     ;!:i      !'ir:n_    i"j.i:i    th<     ••|!ii'.:an 
br.i\  (.--"    i  i.  ii  L-  •'.  In  \»'A   . n  i  io'i!ii(    •  riu  k  !  ;n  t  \\<  >':   . n  thi    <  .:' 


HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

until  it  ceased.  Their  ears  were  not  used  to  that  kind  of  thunder." 
The  author  took  a  very  active  part  in  this  celebration,  and  must  be 
excused  tor  referring  to  it  here,  because  it  always  seemed  to  him  very 
wrong  that  the  plan  of  the  association  was  not  carried  out.  After  all 
these  patriotic  effusions  of  eloquence  in  prose  and  song,  and  these 
thousands  of  people,  with  one  voice,  agreeing  to  erect  the  monument 
oil  Gibraltar  rock,  as  then  and  theretofore  contemplated — that  all  this 
should  be  set  at  defiance,  and  the  plan  frustrated  by  a  few  selfish  men, 
can  not  be  succes>lully  apologi/ed  for.  There  is  certainly  no  ir^ore 
appropriate  spot  on  earth  fora  monument  to  Perry  and  his  braves  than 
right  at  the  spot  where  the  corner  stone  was  laid  at  Gibraltar  rock  in 
1858.  If  the  present  generation  should  fail  to  carry  out  the  plan  then 
inaugurated  in  such  glorious  style,  and  with  such  high  hopes  of  success, 
may  not  a  Mr.  Jav  C'ooke,  with  his  acknowledged  patriotism  and  his 
wonderful  recuperative  powers,  yet  erect  such  a  monument  upon  that 
corner  >tone  that  shall  be  worthy  of  the  day  and  deed?  While  in  the 
/enith  ot  his  fame  Mr.  Cooke  built  a  palatial  mansion  near  the  corner 
.stone,  where  it  \vaslaidmore  than  21  years  ago.  In  this  mansion  many 
ministers  of  the  gospel  throughout  the  land,  tor  several  years,  found  and 
enjoyed  Mr.  Cooke's  hospitality,  and  made  the  acquaintance  of  the 
superintendent.  Mrs.  McMcens,  the  distinguished  Tiftmite.  the  widow 
ot  my  late  and  lamented  friend.  Dr.  McMeens.  the  efficient  secretary 
ot  that  ••monumental  association."  and  who  preserved  the  proceedings 
of  the  loth  day  of  September.  1858. 

\\hatever  became  of  the  funds.  I  do  not  know,  and  would  not  have 
anybody  believe  that  improper  use  was  ever  made  ot  them:  but  one 
thing  I  do  know:  That  soon  after  that  glorious  inauguration,  efforts 
were  made  to  build  a  monument  to  Perry  in  the  public  square  at 
Cleveland:  that  succeeded.  I  can  never  look  at  it.  or  think  about  it. 
but  feelings  ot  sadness  pervade  my  whole  being.  If  there  is.  in  fact, 
no  wrong  connected  with  it,  it  is  certainly  away  irom  home.  \\  hy  did 
not  the  people  of  Sandusky.  and  of  the  islands,  protest  against  the 
robberv?  \Vhydid  Toledo  and  Detroit  stand  by  and  see  this  tiling 
di  >ne?  Such  is  life! 


CHAPTER    III. 


PEACK  TREATIES  k  KSEK  V  ATIONS  CESSIONS  KM  .GKANTS  AKR !  VI  NO  WAkS 
BETWEEN  THE  WYAND01 S AM)  SENKCAS  SPEECH  Ol  LOGAN  LOGANS 
DEATH 


1  '  I    A  <  '  I 

A  li'  I   n»u    ->m  1  1  ill-  I  >i  •;!'•!•  u  it  li  lii-lMr^-ilr_'^  .ilnl   1  n-.i^l 
1  )  ]  '  1  \  1  ->  i  I  1  1  1  1  •  |  >  1  a  i  1  1  •>  1  1  1    <  '  <  •  !  1  1  1  1  1  1  '  i  a  a  •_;  a  i  1  1  . 

ill    annihilation  ••!'  llu-  I'.rtMi 


Till    annihilation  ••!'  llu-  I'.rtMi 
of   I>etn>it,  and  the  utter   u\rrtl 


ann\  al  the  battle  "!'  the  '1'haii;.  -.  iir<  .-:^h:  ;  -i-.n  e  l<  .  ih.  ;.  .r'.!i\\  e>tcf!) 
iVi.ntier.  The  iMiinilatinn  «\  <  >lii"  u  .1-  i^.iml. 

At  the  (  -"in  IU-MM  Hi  \\'a\  ne'>  expeiliti'iii.  ";:1\  I'i^litt-^ii  \  ea-  -  j-reviini". 
;l  was  ln;t  t"i\  e  tin  >u>aml.  The  hat;  le  "i  the  1  haine>  :  <  M  >k  jil.n  e  (  i.  :  .  .i  ..-r 
;.  i,Si^.  I'eace  \va->  inaiU1  at  (ihent,  in  >\v!t/erlai-.ii.  !ir;\\ee:%,  t!u 
I'nited  States  and  (ireat  I'.ritain.  I  >e<  ember  _vj.  i  M  4. 

Alter  the  tail  "t"  Te<  tnn-eh  the  linlian^  aliandnned  aii  hupe^  i»t" 
arrotiim  the  atl\ancL-nl  i  i\  ili/atinn.  and  trilu-  alter  trilu-  ev  handed 
;t-  hunting  -;r<"ind-  I'nr  r':i  h  annuities  Irnni  the  I  nited  >tatr>.  and 
retired  beyond  the  M:-  ^ippi. 

There  was  no  ]'ennaneiit  ^tatr  <  a]>:tal  !n()lno    belnre    iSi.v      ('hilli 
i  dthe  (  ontimied  to  be  the   i  apital   /•/  .until   iSi    .      Tin  -p.  the  ->tate 

leui-^lafare    met   at    7ane-\:lle.      In    iSij    th,-    ii;.:]!    bank";:  the    SrioM. 
jp.st  opiHi-ite  l-'ranklinti  'ii.  wa>  -elei  ted  \>\  a  <  .  iinnnttee  .  -I  :hi 
a,  j  ,,jtr    mr    th.e    future    <  apital.       !  ir.-    re^:mi    >\..-    t!:eti    an    'Milunken 
wilderness.       In    I  >e<  ember,   i  X  n>.  'h.  !  iture  nn-'   :he:v      T  t!:e    fir-I 

;ime.      The  -i'e  ;>  "ii  the  -.mi--  [-ara! 


-O  H1STORV    OK    SKNKC'A    COUNTY. 

Senecas,  Delawares.  Shawnees,  Potawatomies,  ()tta\vas  ami  Chippewas 
were  represented  in  beluilt"  of  all  the  northwestern  Indians.  A  treaty 
was  then  and  there  concluded  by  which  all  the  lands  ot"  the  Indians 
within  the  State  of  Ohio  were  ceded  to  the  I'nited  States  forever.  At 
that  time  no  white  man  had  settled  in  Seneca  count}'. 

At  this  treaty  the  1'nited  States  granted  to  the  Senecas  a  tract  of 
land  containing  thirty  thousand  acres,  lying  upon  the  east  side  of,  and 
adjoining,  the  Sandusky  river,  mostly  within  the  boundaries  of  what 
now  constitutes  Seneca  county.  The  chiets  ot  the  Senecas,  to  whom 
this  cession  was  made,  were  Takawmadoaw,  Captain  Harris,  Isahow- 
masaw,  Joseph.  Tuwgyou,  Captain  Smith,  Coffeehouse,  Running-about 
and  \\  ipingstick. 

At  another  treaty,  held  about  one  year  thereafter  by  the  same 
commissioners  in  behalf  of  the  United  States  and  these  Indians,  at 
the  same  place,  ten  thousand  acres  more  were  added  to  the  Seneca 
reservation,  adjoining  the  other  tract  on  the  south,  thus  making  the 
whole  reserve  to  contain  forty  thousand  acres. 

To  the  \Vyandots  was  ceded  a  tract  twelve  miles  square,  now  in 
\Vyamlot  count}',  and  the  southwest  corner  of  Big  Spring  township,  in 
Seneca  count}',  about  twelve  square  miles. 

For  further  information  concerning  this  Indian  reservation  on  Big 
Spring,  see  the  documents: 

DEI'MtTMEXT  OF  THE  I. \TKKH Hi. 

OFFICE  OF   INDIAN    AFFAIRS. 

WASHINGTON.  MAY  11.  isso. 

\V.  L.\N(;.  FSI.I..  Titlin.  Ohio  -Sir:-  I  am  in  receipt,  by  reference  from 
the  Commissioner  of  the  (ieueral  Land  Otlice.  of  your  letter,  dated  7th  of 
.human,  last,  in  which  you  state  that  yon  have  been  informed  that  there 
was  an  Indian  reservation  of  about  twelve  square  miles  in  the  southwest 
cornei-  of  Seneca  county.  Ohio;  and.  as  you  are  writing  a  history  of  said 
county,  you  desire  to  be  informed  as  to  whom  it  was  made.  You  expressed 
Hie  opinion  that  it  belonged  to  the  Delawares. 

In  reply.  I  have  to  state  that  the  second  clause  of  the  second  article  of  the 
Wyandot  treaty  of  September  17.  isls.  7  stat..  p.  17!»  .  contains  the  following 
stipulation,  to-wit: 

"That  there  shall  be  reserved  for  the  use  of  the  Wyandots  residing  at 
Solomons-tow  n.  and  on  BlanchanFs  fork,  in  addition  to  the  reservation 
before  made,  sixteen  thousand  acres  of  land,  to  be  laid  oil'  in  a  square  form 
•<>n  the  head  of  Blanchard's  fork,  the  center  of  which  shall  be  at  the  Big 
Spring,  on  the  trace  leading  from  I'pper  Sandusky  to  Fort  Findlay." 

This  reservation  was  known  as  the  Big  Spring  Indian  reservation,  and 
was  located  in  township  1  X.  and  1  S..  range  1±  and  1  N.  and  1  S..  range  l:;, 
in  < )hio. 


IM>IA\     khsKKV  A  I  lONs.  ;i 

It  appt-ars  t'n'in  an  rxamination  ot"  a  iua|>  tliat  alxxil  t\\o-tlnr.l-.  •  >!  tiii- 
reservation  \\a>  situated  in  tin-  southurst  eorm-i  of  S»-ni-«-a  <  <Mint\  .  ami  tin- 
remainder  south  am!  \\est  tin-it-.  if. 

15\  the  provisions  i>t'  tin-  lirst  artie|r,,f  tin-  \\">ainlot  ln-at\  ,.f  .lanuaiA   I1'. 
IN",:.'.    7  slat..  p.  ;>'>l  .  tin-  it-sri  \  at  ion  svas  e.-.lro!  to  tin-  I   mtr.l  >tat«-s. 
VMM   n-spcetfull>  . 

K.  (•:.  TKOU  muix.i:.  r,,,,,,,,,-.*.,-,-,,,,;^; 

Ipon  the  rc(  eipt  ot  the  foregoing  letter.  tin-  writer  hunted  up  tin- 
law  ceding  this  Hiu  Spring  n-M-rvatuMi  to  tin-  I  nitc.i  Mate-.,  ami  it  is 
adileil  here  asasurt  nt"  relii  .  M\  n\>\  tru-ii'l.  l>r  (,.  \\  .  S.inipMin, 
who  is  still  living,  was  OIK-  of  the  witiu---r>. 

.-/A'//r/./-:.v  OF  .K;A'  /•:/•:.  }//•:.  \  7  .t.v/>  co\i'/-:\r/o\ 

Mad?  and  i-,';/(7//.A  './(//  .!/.'(  '///,  //.-//  ;///,•.    ('/,/;<•/,  /,/  ,v/////i,   i)/;>,>.  ,<n  //;,- 
nitii'ft't'nt'i  ././I  r'/   '/'/////(//T.  /rJ.  /M   ,/'/,/  /><•!  ;t',<-ii     /';/'.-,•,   />'.  (i,i>Jin<>. 


u   in 


\\'m  KI  \>.  The  said  band  ui'  \\'\  andut^  ha\  e  !>ei  oine  :'ii!!\  < 
that  whiUt  the\  remain  in  their  |>rr>rnt  situatiun  in  the  state  «'f  Ohio. 
in  the  vii  init\  »!  a  \\hite  population.  whi<  h  :-  eontiiriallv  im-rea-iiiL; 
and  crowding  around  them.  the\  (  an  not  pro-,pt-r  and  !>e  h.a]>p\.  and 
the  nioraU  oi  many  ot  their  people  will  l»e  da;l\  !<e<  om:n_;  more  and 
more  \itiated.  and  understanding  that  the  government  ot  the  I  nited 
Slates  i>  willing  to  purchase  tlie  re>er\  at  ion  ot  land  on  \\hi<h  the\ 
reside,  and  tor  that  ]»urpo^e  have  deputed  the  >a:d  lame-,  H.  (i.irdiner 
a>  special  commissioner  to  treat  tor  the  <  essioii  ot  the  same: 

7'ht-r,-fi»,-.  To  effect  the  aforesaid  ohjei  ts.  the  said  Chiefs.  Headmen 
and  \\'arrio|-s.  and  the  said  lames  1!.  (lardmer,  hase  this  da\  entered 
into  and  agreed  upon  the  tollou  ing  artK  les  of  i  on\  etif.on  : 

AKIII  i  i  I.  The  hand  ot'  \\'\andot>  residing  .it  the  Hig  >pring.  :n 
tlie  <  ounty  of  (  'rawford,  and  State  of  (  >hio.  do  hcret>\  !ore\  er  cede 
and  reiiii'iuish  to  the  I'nited  Mates  the  reservation  ot  MI.  •  a<  res  ot 
land  granted  to  them  In  the  se<  ond  artiileoi  the  treats  made  at  M. 
Marv'.s  on  the  i;th  ot  >eptemlier.  i  S  i  V  uh.i  h  ^rant  is  ;n  the  toiiounig 
\\oriU.  to  uit;  "There  shall  lie  reserved  tor  the  -;-e  .•!  the  \\_\andots 
residing  at  >olomon's  to\\  n.  on  I'.laiK  hard's  t.  >i  k.  sixteen  thousand  a<  res 
of  land,  to  lie  laid  off  in  a  xjuare  torm,  on  the  head  oi  l'.!an<  hard's 
fork,  the  (enter  ot  whiih  sliall  1><-  at  the  1'-:^  Spring.  "D  :h.e  p>ad  ii-ad 
ing  from  I'pper  >an  dusky  to  1-ort  I  indlav  ." 


~2  HISTORY     OK    SKXI-X'A    COUNTY. 

AK  iii  LI  II.  The  I'nited  States  stipulate  with  the  said  band  of 
U'yandots.  that  as  soon  as  practicable  after  the  ratification  of  this 
treaty,  the  aforesaid  tract  of  16.000  acres  shall  be  sun-eyed  into  sections 
and  put  into  market  and  sold  in  the  ordinary  manner  of  selling  the 
public  lands  of  the  I'nited  States;  and  when  the  same  shall  be  sold,  or 
as  soon  as  any  part  thereof  shall  be  disposed  of,  (be  the  price  received 
therefor,  more  or  less.)  there  shall  be  paid  to  the  chiefs,  headmen  and 
warriors.  si^niiiLC  this  treatv.  tor  the  benefit  of  all  the  said  band  of 
\Vyandots.  the  sum  of  one  dollar  and  twenty-five  cents  per  acre  for 
each  and  every  acre  so  sold,  or  for  sale.  The  said  price  shall  be  paid 
in  silver,  and  in  current  coin  of  the  I'nited  States. 

AK  1 1 1  i.r;  III.  1- or  the  improvements  now  made  upon  said  reservation, 
the  I'nited  States  a^ree  to  pay  a  fair  valuation  in  money,  according  to 
the  appraisement  of  Joseph  MeCutcheon.  l'.s<|..  (or  such  person  as  the 
Secretary  of  \\  ar  may  depute  ior  that  purpose,  i  and  an  appraiser  to 
be  chosen  by  the  baud  of  \Vyandots.  .And  in  case  the  said  appraisers 
shall  not  be  able  to  a.uree  upon  any  of  their  valuations,  they  shall  call 
to  their  assistance  some  competent  citi/en  of  the  count}  of  Crawford. 

Ak'iici.i.  IV.  There  shall  be  reserved  tor  Koe-nu-nas,  one  of  tin- 
oldest  chiefs  of  said  band,  one-half-section.  to  contain  320  acres,  and 
to  include  the  improvements  where  he  now  lives. 

AKIII'I.K  V.  It  is  expressly  understood  between  the  present  contract- 
ing parties,  that  the  said  band  of  \Vyandots  may.  as  they  think  proper. 
remove  to  Canada,  or  to  the  river  Huron,  in  Michigan,  where  thev 
own  a  reservation  of  land,  or  to  any  place  they  may  obtain  a  ri^ht  or 
privilege  from  other  Indians  to  i,ro. 

ARTICLE  VI.  It  was  expressly  agreed  belore  the  sitting  of  this  treaty 
that  that  part  of  the  fifth  article  relating  to  the  ^rantin^  to  the  said 
band  of  \\yandots'  lands  west  ot  the  Mississippi,  and  every  other 
article  in  relation  thereto  is  wholly  null  and  void,  and  of  no  effect. 

\|.;ii,  LI.  VII.  Inasmuch  ;is  the  band  ot  \\yandots  herein  treating 
have  separated  themselves  from  the  \Vyandots  at  I'ppcr  Sanduskv  and 
on  the  Sandiisky  |)lains.  they  ask  of  the  general  government  that  there 
uiav  be  a  spe<  iai  sub  a^enl  and  protector  appointed  lor  them  while 
thev  remain  in  the  Male  of  <  >hio.  and  they  respectfully  recommend 
Joseph  McCutchcoti.  Ksq..  of  the  countv  of  Crawford,  as  a  fit  ami 
proper  person  to  act  in  such  capai  ity :  and  :  hat  he  may  have  the  power 
to  emplov  >u<  h  interpreter  as  he  may  think  propel'  in  his  intercourse 
with  said  band. 

The  aton  said    arti<  les  of  agreement  shall  be  mutually  binding'    upon 


IN1MAN     KKsKKV.VI  l<  >NS. 

the  present   contracting    parties,  when    ratified  by  tin-    President  •  >: 
t'niteil  States.  by  ami  with  the  <  onsent  of  tlu-  .-senate  thereof. 

I     I:     CAR  I  MM   I; 

K  <  1  1      \  I      N  \  -  .  M   \  I    I  M  I   \\     <  i  !    I   \  I   ',  I 

I  '.  i    \  K    S  k  I  N  .  I  -  A  A  -        I  I  K  I  \  I  )  . 

I    Si!  I       \UAH.or  |i  '!i  \      I  >.      I'.K.  •'.'.  N. 

I    |i  'UN    Si  >]  i  i\h  i\.  '  Al  I   \  \M'I   I      (    I    \Kkf 

JOHN    M,  |.i  \ 

[lone    in    the    prcsem  c    ot    ('.    ('larkr.    sei  ret.in   of  'hi     (   .-m-i 
(oseph    M<(  'utcheon.   |.   I",  in  the    <  otmt\    nt    I  'rawtord.    <>h;o;    |.ih 
Ik-win.   ls.ii  hard   k<-\  n.  il.U.  (  '•  .  \V.  Sampson. 
To  tlu-  Indian  names  are  subjoined  marks' 


Iti  the  lii'st  ilratt  ot  this  treat}'  provision  \v  is  m.iiir  tor  the  rf!n>.; 
ol"  the  liaml  west  of  the  \1  !s-,i>s:.i  ,j  ,•.  Inn  tl;,-\  rel'iise-l  '.o  .n  (  cp:  ••! 
iirant  of  lan«l.  or  to  remo\e  there,  ami  the  aniiics  !i.i\:n^  M'.iti 
tliereto  were  aceorilin^l\  omitteii.  It  \\as  therefore  IH-I  r--.ir\  'o  .,: 
tlie  sixth  artii  le:  ami  «  ;n  umstaiK'es  ihii  not  aiimit  ol'  time  to  rem"> 
ami  i  up}  ihe  u  hole  treaty.  J.  I'..  (  i  \  K  1  >  I  \  I  .  |<  . 

Sj.ei  ial   <  '..mm;  .simier. 

The   tarts   art    that    the    hulians   ^ot    drunk,  and  it  u.i-  daiui-r-ni, 
remain  any  hm^er  amongst  them. 

••  The  \\yamlots."  ,a\'s  Abliott.  "were  considered  the  bravest  nl" 
the  Indian  tribes."  Sexeral  nf  their  i  hiets  were  men  of  hi_h  mu 
and  reliuimis  character.  In  the  early  oc<  upation  <>t  ('anada  b\  t 
l-'reiii  h,  the  (  'at  holies,  with  a  spirit  ol  devotion  and  sell  s.i,  r:;ii  e  whii 
has  never  been  surpassed,  established  a  mission  tlu-re.  T'm-  fi 
Protestant  who  preaehed  to  them  was  John  Stewart,  a  m:;iatto.  of  ; 
M  eihodist  i  hnrch.  The  l\e\  .  lames  1',.  |-  in  lex  .  one  oi  natun-'s  m  ibleme 
established  a  Methodist  mission  here  and  or.:  ini/ed  a  sel-.oo',.  Uetwee 
the  1  o  ,^'s  .  ,i  \\  \  a  n  1  1  o  t  i  diet,  became  >  :  :  i  ;  '  •  •  i  i  e  !  e  b  :M  !  e  >  1  :  •  r  .  i  .  1  i  e  r  .  I  !  : 
built  a  la  !'_;<•  mission  liou^e  a  -ii''1:  •  •  ff'iisj'h,< 

S  a  m  b  i  s  k  \  .       !  '   u  ,  i  s  .  .  t    s  •  .  ,  ;  \  (  •  .  a  1  1  d  a  \  •  •  r  \    -  •  ;  ';  i  •  •  a  :  .  '    t  i  s  •;••;.••:  p  .  •  \   •  • 

This  .li/iiii  "s.  >!i>m(  in  a!'!rr\\  ai  i|s  a!!:if|ii-ii  liiiiisfif  ;,,  \\\,-  inaili  t!;l>i- 
\V\;iinl"ls  a!  I'j'i'ii'  ^aii'liisk\.  aii'l  liiuM'il  t..  tlir  urs;  \\Mii  Jin-m.  I 
i  rt  u  run  i  v\  i;  li  his  s,|na\\  to  \\  \  ainh'i  .1  t'i-\\  \  ra:  s  a|-!cr.  an.| 

in     llic     liliir    "I     ills    ilraill.     \\llirll    iiri-lll  |ri|      111      Is7s  ||,.     \Nil,     |.|,   s 

piiiiu-fis'  pie-nil-  in  >lineli's  \\nmU.  ,  in  I  l«>iif\  i-n-i  !\.  m  I-M«  n  tn\\  ii 
1  In-  ill's!  i|a\  nl  >fiilfiiiln-r.  1^77.  a  i  n  I  I  ••  ;  im  i  a!  ';<  <  I  ii|u-!i  l"i'  a  s|n-n  li. 
on  In  tin-  -tainl  anil  rdatfil.  in  \i-r\  lirnki-n  I  '.Mulish,  an  an-nniit  •• 
hunt.  Ili-  v.  as  a  tall  ami  iii  'lilr  Im.Kiii-  man.  Ills  s.puu  is  -,'.<.]]  !i\  : 


74  HISTORY    OK    SEN'KCA    COUNTY. 

people  of  Upper  Sandusky  have  not  kept  it  in  repair  as  a  hind-mark  of 
the  historic  past  I  The  roof  lias  fallen  in,  and  there  is  nothing  left  of 
it  but  the  stone  walls. 

Sum-mun-de-wat.  another  Christian  chief,  was  brutally  murdered  by 
some  miscreant  white  men,  who  enjoyed  his  hospitality.  I  speak  of 
him.  especially,  because  this  chief  was  very  well  known  and  respected 
by  the  early  settlers  of  Seneca  county.  Me  was  a  special  friend  of 
our  lamented  townsman,  l)r.  Kuhn. 

At  a  treaty  held  at  Washington  City,  on  the  2(;th  day  of  February. 
1831,  the  United  States  were  represented  by  Mr.  James  B.  Gardiner, 
and  the  Senecas  by  Coonstick,  Seneca  Steel,  Captain  (iood-hunter. 
Hard-hickory  and  Small-cloud-Spicer,  their  chiefs,  George  Herrin 
acted  as  interpreter.  (Jen.  Henry  C.  Bresh  was  sub-agent.  At  this 
treaty  the  Senecas  sold  their  whole  reservation  to  the  United  States, 
with  full  authority  to  sell  the  same.  The  proceeds  were  to  be  placed 
in  funded  stock  at  five  per  cent,  interest,  which  was  to  be  paid  to  the 
Senecas  as  an  annuity,  after  deducting  the  cost  of  building  for  the 
latter  a  saw  mill  and  a  grist  mill  near  Green  Springs.  They  were  to 
have,  also,  70.000  acres  northwest  of  the  State  of  Arkansas,  on  the 
Neosho  and  Cowskin  rivers,  and  ninety  miles  from  Fort  Gibson . 

The  \Vyandots  ceded  their  reservation  to  the  United  States  in  1842. 
At  this  cession  the  last  toot  ot  soil  in  Ohio  passed  away  from  the  red 
man  to  the  race  that  conquers  the  world — the  Caucasian. 

Immigrants  who  crossed  the  mountains  and  descended  ami  settled  in 
the  Ohio  valley,  usually  brought  with  them  their  household  goods,  and 
their  flocks  of  sheep,  their  horses  and  cattle.  Thev  crossed  the  moun- 
tains in  large  wagons,  and  drove  their  (locks  before  them.  On  reaching 
the  Ohio  river  they  put  all  on  board  o!  flat-boats  and  descended  the 
river  to  their  places  of  destination.  But  when  emigration  began  to 
set  in  for  northwestern  Ohio,  the  emigrants  had  to  find  their  wav 
through  a  dense  torest,  as  best  they  could.  There  were  no  roads  open, 
and  no  bridges  across  any  of  the  numerous  creeks  and  rivers  with 
which  this  northwestern  part  ot  Ohio  abounds.  There  were  immense 
swamps  on  both  sides  of  the  Sandusky,  and  along  all  its  tributaries. 
Farther  west  and  north  the  country  was  almost  one  continuous, 
immense  swamp  as  tar  north  as. tin:  Maumee,  and  west  to  Indiana,  and 
far  into  that  state.  The  soil  was  very  rich,  it  must  be  admitted,  and 
the  farmer  well  knew  that  as  soon  as  the  water  and  the  tores!  were 
conquered,  the  soil  would  eventually  reward  him  for  his  toil.  But  to 
subdue  these  and  become  master  ot  the  situation  required  almost 
super-human  power,  the  most  patient  fortitude,  heroic  courage,  untiring 


perse\  eram  e.  ^reat  sell  denial  and  hard  laboi  .  without   rew.itd.m   !i 
of  reward,  tor  a  lonj;  time  io  i  .uue 

The  British  and  Indian  toes  \\e:e  subdued  and  t  ••n.jueu-d.  but  i\,,\\ 
there  were  other  toes  to  <  on, pier,  not  onl\  the  l»iest>  ami  the  s^.mii.s 
and  other  tasks  inevitable,  but  diseases  m.  ident  to  tiontiei  hie.  .in,j 
especially  those  that  attended  the  lite  in  the  \vood>  \Ian\  ..i  th, 
settlers  ot.  and  emigrants  to.  the  \alle\  ot  the  vindusk  \  .  who  .  .im, 
from  the  states  ot  New  \  oik.  l'enns\  1\  ania.  Mar\  land,  New  |<ise\  an,| 
Virginia:  and.  also,  some  tiom  lieland.  Name  and  <  MT  main  ,  w  ere  in 
comfortable  <  ir«  umstam  es.  and  attei  ha\  MIL;  paid  t<u  then  land,  most|\ 
entered,  or  bought  at  government  pru  es.  had  some  imuu\  hit,  am! 
were  somewhat  prepared  tor  emergent  ies,  but  b\  lai  the  largest  number 
of  them  expended  their  last  dollar  io  pa\  toi  their  land,  and  then 
trusted  to  Providence,  their  iron  will  and  stion^  aims,  tot  sm  i  es> 
'1'hose  that  (ame  b\  the  wa\  ot  Lake  l.ne  had  t<i  eiu  cuinter  the  tiui  •-! 
as  soon  as  thc\  ton<  hed  the  shore  Those  that  .  ame  o\,  i  the  m,nm 
tains  b\  wa\  ot  I'ittsbiiru.  had  to  make  then  wa\  thiou/li  the  j,,|,  ^ 
almost  t'rom  the  time  they  i  rossed  the  <  )lno  ruei  It  \\  a  s  the  same 
wa\  with  those  \\lio  i  ame  (roin  the  south  Niithm.;  but  l«ue-t  as  sonri 
as  the\  left  the  settlements  on  tin  ><  io|o,  the  \l  u  -k  in  jum.  .  u  t  he  (  ,  r ,  .t: 
Miami.  e\i  ept  the  Sar  iiisk\  plants  I  he  wa\  thiou^h  the  wood-  wa. 
marked  by  <  utt  mi;  a  piece  ot  bar  k  !  i  om  a  tree  a  .  In..;  a-,  a  man's  hand, 
about  five  or  si\  teet  trom  the  ui'Mind.  and  mi  both  >ide-  n|  the  tree 
Then.  b\  <  utliiiL;  awa\  the  iinderbriish  and  iem>>s  m^'  talhui  timlier.  a 
wa^on  traik  was  openeil  b\  u  Hiding  around  betu  een  i  he  ti  ees  (  hii- 
or  two  men.  with  then  axes,  would  walk  ahead  m  the  t,  nn.  bla/e  :h, 
trees  and  reiin  »ve  i  ibstrm  t  ioiis. 

In  the  absem  e  of  a  i  oni|)ass,  on  a  i  loud\   da\  .  i  he    i  out  se    ea  ,t    and 

west,  as  well  as  north    and    south,  was  (cm ml    b\    'ib,e!\m,;    tin    moss  mi 
\ 
the  trees,  whn  h  always  j(  row  .  mo  ,i   protu  >el\    >  >n  tin     n>  u  t  h    .;<\<-       \\  hen 

the  team  <  ame  to  a  stream  it  w  a  •.  I'ttiui  \er\  ticiubh  .oine  1.1  i  r,i,^ 
I'alleii  trees,  brush  and  drill  wood  had  .el  the  watei  ba<  k  and  ii  annned 
the  stream.  Then  a  i  ros  >ni-  had  to  I  ••  •  tound  I  <\  di  •  \  ;n;-  up  .  u  . |,  ,\\  ( 
the  stream,  and  <  uttin^  a  toad.  a.  it  be.  ame  in-i  .  at\  I  inalU.  th. 
land,  or  tr.n  t  ot  land,  that  had  been  b<»i..ht.  oj  \\  a  .oon  t.,  be  pm 
<  hased,  w  .is  tound.  and  a  halt  order  e  1  I  ho  e  thai  , 

1 1 ,  have  t  h  e  1 1  o  w  n  t  e  a  1 1 1  s  we  n  •  1 1 1  !  i .  but  •  •  1 1 1 1  „'  i  a  n  t  .  1 1  •  •  1 1 1  I  .  i  o  j ,  e .  u  h  o  I .  , ,  j 
hired  lean  is  a!  <  'h--.  eland,  >amlu  k  v  .  I  '  a  v  •-  .n  m  I  '.M  b  ,r .  t. .  bnn/  then, 
here,  were  h'lt  in  the  wood,  and  th.  team  n  k  II  ••  «  .,  , 

the  emigrant .   .•.  ,'h   h,s  w  it.-    and    i  hiidi  -  r 
a    tew  i  ook;n_'     Uteii>i  U.   vet  \    !.  "  .• 


"6  HISTORY    OF    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

saw.  iron  wedges,  sonic  carpenter  tools,  a  gun,  some  ammunition,  and. 
best  of  all — a  will.  A  tew  poles  leaned  against  a  large  tree,  and  brushes 
thrown  upon  the  poles,  soon  made  a  roof  and  a  shelter.  Two  forks 
driven  into  the  ground  about  five  feet  apart,  and  a  pole  laid  upon  the 
locks,  would  be  sufficient  to  suspend  a  small  iron  kettle  in  which  the 
meal  could  be  cooked.  Life  in  the  woods  had  commenced. 

Very  tew  people  had  come  as  far  as  the  Sandusky  river  before  the 
land  sales,  as  the  sales  of  the  government  lands  were  called.  The 
Senecas,  as  has  already  been  stated,  owned  40.000  acres,  mostly  in  the 
present  limits  of  Seneca  count),  and  the  U'yandots  twelve  miles  square 
immediately  south  ot  the  Senecas.  which  tracts,  ot  course,  were  not  in 
market.  Some  men  left  their  families  in  the  settlements  and  came  to 
the  Sandusky  valley  on  toot  or  on  horseback,  on  a  sort  of  an  exploring 
expedition,  prospecting  and  looking  up  tracts  that  suited  them,  then 
return  and  bring  the  family,  or  go  to  Delaware,  make  an  entry,  and 
then  return  and  start  with  the  family.  lie  fore  the  land  sales,  however, 
and  up  to  the  year  1X20.  a  very  tew  tamilies  had  located  between  these 
reservation-^.  Those  who  settled  along  the  banks  of  the  Sandusky,  will 
all  be  named,  and  as  near  as  possible  described  in  these  pages. 

The  \Vyandot  Indians  had  a  tradition  as  to  the  history  of  their  tribe 
that  located  their  ancestors  north  ot  the  St.  Lawrence,  where  their 
wigwams  were  spread  along  the  I'tiwas  down  to  L'oon  lake,  and  to  the 
mouth  of  the  gulf.  They  were  then  known  as  the  Hurons.  and  their 
country  they  called  Cu-none-tat-tia.  The  Senecas.  who  were  also  a 
large  tribe,  occupied  a  large  tract  of  country  south  of  the  St.  Lawrence. 
How  it  came  that  the  Hurons  changed  their  name  to  \Vvandot  is  not 
known — nor  is  it  material. 

Nor  is  it  worth  investigating  whv  a  (Ireek  name — Seneca — was  ever 
given  to  a  tribe  of  American  savages. 

A  legend  about  a  war  between  these  two  tribes,  preserved  by  tradi- 
tion, of  course,  may  not  be  out  of  place  here,  for  the  dwellers  of  the 
vallex  of  Sanduskv  river  occupy  the  last  hunting  grounds  of  these 
tribes  east  of  the  Mississippi  river. 

A  man  of  the  Hun>r.s  -as  the  stor\  goes — wanted  a  certain  squaw 
for  his  wife,  but  she  objected,  and  s;iid  that  her  wooer  had  never  taken 
am  -caljis — ili.i;  he  was  no  warrior.  I  o  remove  this  objection  to  hi> 
suit,  he  raised  a  small  war-party,  and  in  their  hunt  tor  scalps,  tell  upon 
a  party  of  Senecas  and  killed  and  scalped  some  ot  them. 

Thi-  caused  a  war  between  the  two  tribes  that  Listed  more  than  a 
centurv.  and  which  they  supposed  was  fuli\  a  hundred  winters  before 
the  French  came  to  (Quebec.  P>oth  tribes  were  greatly  wasted  in  the 


\V.\k    1:I1W1KN     IHK     si  M.(  AS    ANI>    US.\M>»1> 

contest.      They  often    made    pca<  e.  but  tlu-    hist   opportuu 

<  as  had  to  take   advantage  oi    the  Huron>.  the\   would  dcs 
could  -men,  women  and  <  Inldren. 

The  \\yandots,  fcarin-,    tlu-    danger    i»t"  be;n_;    ciitirclv   e 
concluded  to  lease  their  homes  '  >i\  the  >;.   I  ,r,\  rei.cc,  .i::d  _; 
we^t.       Thc\    made  their  csi  ape  tn  ti:e  upp 
settled    in    >e\eral  villages  in  ;h,e  \  ii  inity 

years    the    Seneeas    raised  a  war  part\.  tui'.>\\ed  tt:i-  \\\.u:'i'it>  :••  '.};«-. r 
new    lionies.  dest  r>  ived    itne    "I    tl'.eir    v;lla.4i-s,    k'i' 

\\  yandot>,  and  returned.      This  w.t-  -nnie    time   Iftm-i-  the    India:;-  h.id 
any  knowledge  <>t    tire  amis  or  41111  powder.      Thi-:r    ;inj  '.t-tm-nis  n!    \\.ir 

<  unsifted    oi    ho\\->.    arrou-,   and    th.e    warilnli:    als...    a    uar  a\e.  whuii 
was  a  stone    <  lit    to    an    ed^e     on     one    side  or  end.  a  'ifoad.  il.it    \>.\l\  at 
the  other  end.  and  near  which  a  ^r<>o\e  was  made   aro-:;i.[  '.!;c  ^roi.e  ;,( 
receive  the  thin  end  of  the  handle.  whi<  h  wa^  bent  inln'.hc  _:"o\c  %lnil 
tasteiied  with  a  string  <'ut  out  ot    a  raw  hide. 

Soon  after  this  the    1'remh    laid    out    and    Iniilt  ijuehei  .  ami 
trade   with    the    Imlians;     >u|'|i!ied    them  witli.  and    inst ;  --\>  \<  d   them    :n 
the  Use    ot.    ni'e-anns    and    various   other    instruments.        I  he    >r:;ci  .1^. 
leelin^    themselves   proficient    in    the    Use   oi    lire  amis,  made  uj.  a  war 
]iart\  against  the  \\'\  andots  at  the  upper  lakes.      The\  lameujum  them 
in  the  niirht.  tired  into  their  lints  and  terrified  them  exc  eed;n_;i\ .       I  he 
\\'yandots  thought  it  wa>  li-htnin^  and    thunder.  l>ut  resisted  the  Si-ne 

<  as  and  drove  them  away.      A  tew  \ears  later  the  Senei  as  made  a  tlurd 
atta<k    upon    the    \V\andot   settlements,    and    took    nearlv   all    of  them; 
but  it  so  happened    that  at  that    time   the    yo'i!i_;  men  were  all    en^aued 
in  a  war  with  the  V<>\   Indians  alon-  the  Mississippi.      The  tew  that  the 
Seneeas   had    n.tt    killed    agreed  to  -i\e  up  resist, UK  e.  refirn  \\ith  tlieir 
(  onipieroi's    and    become    one    people.       It   \\.is  agreed    tli.f.   the   ^eliei  .is 
would  wait    two  days    to    -i\e    the  \\  vandoN    time  to  -(:    read\  .  i  oliei  t 
tlieir  L.OOI Is.  -et   into  their  «  anocs  and    join  tlu  tn  on  :l;e  m.  .rnin_;  •  •:    tin- 
day  at   a  point    where    the    Sei'.ei  as    had    _o-:e  to  \\a:  I  h. -.-\ 
had  a  LMMP.d  d  nn  e  during  the  n;_h:. 

Meantime,  th.e    \\'\"  andots    had    s,  p,:  \\,  ,rd.  :••  "t!:i  h  •:   \  :lla_'  s. 

which  the  Senei  as    had    not    d;-"::l  •  Tl':  \    rivi'V.  i  .  'it   •.,<  tin'!, 

o  -o  i'o 


7«S  HISTORY    OK    SKXKCA    COl'NTY. 

the  dance  until  near  the  break  of  day,  and  being  tired,  laid  down  and 
soon  fell  asleep.  Then  the  \Vyandots  fell  upon  their  sleeping  foes  and 
killed  all  of  them.  Not  one  was  left  to  tell  the  tale  of  destruction. 
This  ended  the  war  for  many  years. 

Now  the  French  supplied  the  Wyandots  with  guns,  also.  At  length  . 
mother  war  broke  out  between  these  tribes.  Hoth  parties  met  in  their 
(  anoes.  on  lake  Krie,  and  the  Senecas  lost  every  man  engaged.  The 
Wyandots  themselves  were  so  badly  exhausted  that  they  allowed  the 
(  anoes  of  the  Senecas  to  float  on  the  water,  while  they  hastened  to  the 
shore.  Thus  ended  this  war.  and  the  last  trouble  between  the  two 
tribes. 

After  that  the  Wyandots  came  with  their  canoes  to  the  mouth  of  the 
Sandusky  river,  and  took  possession  of  its  entire  valley.  They  built 
their  towns  along  its  banks  and  tributaries,  and  up  into  the  plains. 
There  is  neither  history  nor  tradition  of  any  note  about  them  until  the 
outbreak  of  the  revolutionary  war,  when  they  perpetrated  their  infa- 
mous depredations  along  the  back  counties  of  Pennsylvania  and 
Virginia — particularly  those  of  Washington,  Vougiogheny  and  West- 
moreland. 

It  was  the  depredations  of  the  Wyandots  that  caused  the  various 
expeditions  against  western  Indians,  and  especially  that  of  Crawford. 
Nearly  all  these  failed,  and  the  savages  were  never  properly  chastised 
until  (Jen.  Wayne  came  down  upon  them.  From  the  peace  at  Green- 
ville until  the  war  of  1812.  there  was  no  trouble  with  the  Indians  on 
the  frontier.  During  this  war  the  Wyandots,  Shawnees  and  Senecas 
remained  friendly  to  the  United  States.  The  deaths  ot  Tecumseh  and 
liis  brother.  The  Prophet,  and  their  defeat  on  the  Thames  destroyed 
their  power  in  the  northwest  forever. 

Lewis  Cass  and  Duncan  McArthur.  as  commissioners  of  the  t'nited 
States,  on  the  one  pan.  and  the  sachems,  chiefs  and  warriors  of  the 
Wyandots.  Senecas.  Delawares.  Shawnees.  Potawatomies,  Ottawas  and 
Chippewas,  on  the  other  part,  held  at  the  foot  of  the  rapids  of  the 
Miami,  of  lake  Lrie.  on  the  :roth  day  of  September.  1X17,  a  treaty, 
wherein  all  the  lands  of  thc-e  Indians  in  Ohio  parsed  over  to  the 
1'nited  States.  At  thi-  time  there  wa^  not  a  single  white  settler  within 
the  present  limits  ot  Seneca  county. 

At  this  treaty  the  1'nited  State-  granted  to  Takawmadoaw,  ('aptain 
Harri^.  l>ahowmasaw.  In-t-ph.  Tawgyou.  ('aptain  Smith.  Coffeehouse, 
Kunn:ng-ab»ut  and  Wipmg-tirk.  chief-  of  the  Seneca  tribe.  30.000 
.u  re-  adjoining  the  Sar,dn<ky  river,  on  the  ea-t  -ide.  mo-tly  within  the 
present  ii'nit-  of  Sene<  a  <<iuntv.  At  a  -ub-e-'jiient  treatv.  vi/ :  Sep- 


tcmln-r  17.   iSiS.   10.000    .n n-  \\ru-    .ii'.tU.i 
.iUiTU.ii>!-  known  .1-  ilu     ^>  :-.i-i  .\   Ki  -»•!  \  .ili.'ii 

riKTi'upoM.  this  tiMHiKiu;  -•!  -i  \oi.i!  tii!> 
others.  s;u  h  .1--  l'.i\ii:;.is.   \l  ••!'.»«  k  -.  i  Mil  -HI  i.i.,  i 
.Ulii^  Mu-.ti.ls,  sr;;iril  ".]>.  Ml  th  :  IS    I     u-;.,.t--| 

ill  nutnluT.        I 'he  1 1'  w  .is  :i.  <!  •  •  !'.>•  i  *»»  tu  -    i  .inii  MI^  -.1   ilu-in 

Mtliou-s     \\etv     o!  i-;n.i'.l\    (     i\  ;;... is.   .iin!     tin;!    <!:-<!    \\.i-     |.«.    «:i          \'t.t 
the  murder  iM    I  i»tMn'««  l.innix  .  tin     \l   n_.  «.  -    •••  .i'!i  i  <  <  I  un- 

til C    Hi  >n!)\V  I'st. 

I  h(.-;r  huntiMu    ^inuiitis  \\c-i     .tlun^    ilu 

<  Mrnt.inuv,    anil     s(.im      Sciu-<    i     i  lut  t     .;..  r.  ,n.  .in: '  \     :  "  I  ' 

(  lu  Id  i  fii  \\  i' i  r    raided  <  >u  t  he u   1  MI  K  .  I  i.i  \    !i.»i  I    MI  i    |  •.!!!-    ;  i  i1 

\[     t  IK'    Mine    nl    ihf     tu\it\    l!n-\    h.ni     i  . -in  rsi!  I  .tin!    .il-'iu     '          ''..ink..-! 

I  lu-    S.iiu!usk\..uul    tin-    tf»I  mii'iix    "t    .1   ^m,  .  .1    .  h,<  t.  \\  I  , .    k:  .  n    I  •  -j;.in 
\\rll.  |  ii'i  i\  r--  tin    l.u  t  tli.it   1  -  >.;.m  s|  u-nt    In-    I.i-.;    -  i.i  \  -  -i|  -  m  : '  . 

•  !K'  S.iiiilii->k\    i  i\  r! . 

Tin-  I'l.u  o  \\luTv-    llic  t  rlt-ln  .ilt-il    s|.,  ,  ,  1,    ,.i    I  ,  •;  .HI   «  .1  . 
.Ill    I  nti'I  | 'I  clci  .     si-ntt  ni  r    l'\     scilti'in  i  .     \\.i       Minli  i     .1     IM  i       -i  \  i  n     1111 
-.until     ul    (  'ii  i  U-\  illt  -.       I  i':;. in     hnl     uln-.nl     in    imn     .1     i  "iiun 

I 1  (. ' .  1 1  (  .         !  I  ( '  I  r    Is    |  | )  (     s  |  n;  r  i   1 1 

"I   ;i|i|ic;il  ti'  .11 1  \   \\  III  If  M  1. 1)  i  I  - '   -.1  \   1 1    In-  f\  i- 1  ruin  n|   I  .ii'/.iii    .1  ,il-i  ii  1 1  n  i  ii.1 1  \ 
ami    lie  i^;i\f  linn  nut   MUM!:    it    In-   i  .inn-    n.iki-'l    .IIH!    i  i>lil    .iinl   I  i  li-lln-il  lnm 

iinl .      1  Ml  riii  L'  t  lie  last   1 1  in:;  .1  ml  M \\   \\  .11    I  .M'..'.III  i  i-iu.n  m-'l  nl  Ii    i  n  liisc.il.ii, 

,in  ails  i  n-.it  c  1 1 '  I   pi  MIT.      xi|,  1 1  \\  a  s    in\,    1 1 1\  r    h  M    I  In-  \\  In  1 1-  -    1 1 1. 1 1    in  \   i  i  HI  nl  i  \ 
1 1  n 'I  i.  as    t  lir\   passcil    1 1  ic.  s;ni  I      I  .MLMII    is   l  In     1 1  n  ml    .  i|    1  In     whiles        I    li.nl 
1  h  1 1  u  L.r  1 1 1  '  1 1    I  i  \  1 1 1  ur  a  1 1 1 1 '  n  •_:  s  i  >  1 1    1 1 1 1 1  1 1  >  i   1 1 1  •  •  i  n  1 1 1 1 1  •  •  •  •  •  •  I    "inm.iii       t  -  - !    <  1 1  • .  1 1  • 

last    >|iiinu'.  in    ri.lil    III I    ami    u  n  \<\  n\  <  >ki  >l     in  u  i  '!•  i  >  -I    .ill    lln-    n-l.ili-'ii     "I 

I  .n^aii .  ni  >t  spa  l  i  IIL'  f\  i'ii  in  \    w  i  iini'ii  ami  ilu  lili  i'ii        I  In  i  >    inn     m  •!  i  -m  •  -I  i  •  -|> 
nl    in\    lilnnil    in    tin-    \»-nis   ii|    aii\     lisiii1.1    i-n-aliiii          I  hi      i.illnl    nil    mi-    l"i 

ri-\rllLrl-.         I     lia\r     snii-jhl      |1.      |      li.l\r     I.illnl     lu.ll,\         I      li.|\l       |l|l!\      ^Illltnl      in1- 
\  I'litTfaili-f.        I'i'l    lll\    nillllll\       I    lc|n|ii'    III    lln      In  .tin       ..|     |n  .11  i  I'.u!     'I"     li"^ 

I  iai'1  MIT  tin-  tin  n  mil  I  thai  ii  1 1  in-  i     l  In-    |..\  -  .1    Mai        I .. .  MI.  m  . .  i  !•  !i  I-  ,i<        II- 

\\  ill   Iinl    1  III  ||   ii||   In  -   hi -I  •!    t-i     -.IM      III       I  ill'          \\   h-i  i      Ihrli     1-.  lin-ill  I,    I---     I  ... 

I ' 1 1  •  s  i  i !  r  M 1     1 1  1 1 1  i    i  •  1 1     I.i 

••  i    in  i  \    i  1 1. 1  i  'u  n_'<    !  In     ,\  I.. '.  '    I  i  ' 

.  . !      1 1 1  \     1 1 1 1  1 1  i     i  •  1 1 1  i  1 1  -   i , '     .  .  i   i ' .  .  •  .  I  •     « ' 

...  ,,,,'HI-,,,  .,    .,,,;.  ,..,    ,,.  i 


So  HISTORY    01     SKXECA    COUNTY. 

"lie.  left,  dt'  all  m\  tribe. 
Nor  man.  nor  rbild.  nt»r  tiling  of  living  birth: 
\i>.  not  the  dog  tliat  watched  my  household  lu-artli 
Kscaped  that  nighl  <>1   blood  upon  our  plains. 
All  perished.     1  alone  am  left  mi  earth  ! 

To  whom  not  relative  nor  blood  remains  % 

No.  not  a  kindred  drop  that  runs  in  human  veins." 

The  fate  of  I.ogan  was  a  very  sad  one.  His  last  years  were  mclan- 
cholv  in  the  extreme.  Homeless,  childless,  friendless — he  wandered 
about,  from  tribe  to  tribe,  with  never  a  smile,  and  apparently  without  a 
joy.  His  friends  were  all  dead,  his  tribe  dwindled  away,  and.  in  his 
great  dejection,  he  resorted  to  the  fatal  stimulus  of  strong  drink.  lie 
was  at  last  murdered  by  an  Indian.  I.ogan  was  sitting  bv  the  cam]) 
fire,  silently  musing,  with  his  blanket  over  his  head,  his  elbows  upon 
his  knees  and  his  head  upon  his  hands.  An  Indian,  influenced  bv 
some  unknown  motive  of  revenge,  stealthily  approached  him  from 
behind  and  buried  his  tomahawk  in  his  brain.  Thus  fell  this  unfor- 
tunate chieftain — the  last  of  his  race. 


ifrjtf&jmL&mtm 


5 


9 


CGL'NLll.    VVI1H    INDIANS      HAKK'SONs    sl'M-Oi      liAKKiso.N    A  i    lok:    MNl.^. 

CKOGHAN  S    DKFhNSK    O  I-     MAkKMSON      HI   I-  K    JAtKK  1    s     I"..  AN     iO   .' 
S1NATK     HAKK1SON      HI.  U  K   j  AL  K  1  .  1    S     1  )  !•.  A  1  i  i      AKMV    KOAlJS      I  lioV-  ••..*>    LOI 
WIN      ANKCUOII.     OJ      LOKWIN      SKI.  i^M.I.S    Ul      j  A  Y  I-.  M    VON  U.I)  V  J.  k  Y    AN! 
JAMES    T.    WOK  i  H!NG  1  ON 


A  I  '. 
(i 


'.(  »t    I     ilu-  lirs!  ..i   Ju!\  .    I.M  ;. 
ni.i  iic  i    lit    i  ,  i  -i).    1  1  .1  IT  i  »  >n.   i 
'k     ni    tlu     >.uiilu-k\     r:\i-r.    \\;;h:n 


>rlK'(  .1. 

I:  \va>  >it!Kitc(i   U]H  >n  a  ii.uik.  aln  ''i:    i» 
r,\  cr.  c  li  »!.•    ;»    tin.-    i>l(!    arm\     i'<  >.\<\.  .'.ml 
,!i>i>yt    OIK'    aini    oiu-  hall    acre-    d    unxi 
inriii  n!    a  -Miiarr.  ^urru'.ir.iK-il  \<\     >\(  kr1,- 


the  1  >.•',. i',\ .,!,-,  \\  \  ,i>  d>  >ts.  Sha\\nees  and  Seneeas  tiring  represented. 
He  ;;t.  .  the  ncccssin  ')!  taking  a  decided  stand  in  the 

•A.ir  \\  •  :  i,:,a-  l'>i  ;:ain.  and  -a\  \\hether  the\  wort.'  in  lavor  ot.  or 
.i-.iir.  •  I  niicd  .-•••.ites;  thai  tin-  Preside!!!  u  i-hed  in  i  false  friends: 

ili.i;  ;!;  ipo-iiiouot  I'roi  lor  to  exchange  the  Kcntuck)  militia  tor 

•:d:\  uiil!  us.  indicated  that  "he  had  received  MMUC  hint  of 
ilu::  v»  .!!i:i_"  --s  to  :ake  up  the  tomahawk  against  u>:  thai  to^ive  the 
(  mild  M.it'-s  a  pro,.f  oi  ilii-ir  -ood  di->po>ition.  tlu-\  IUUNI  remove 
i\i!h  tlu-ir  l.i'iiiiir--  into  tl;r  inlrrior.  or  tin1  \s'arrior>  mn-t  accompanx 
!i:in  :n  the  i-H'sn;n^  i  ampai^n.  and  il^hi  for  the  I  nited  States.  To  the 

n;rr  pro[ni-i;  ion  ihi  <  hi  el's  and  \\arrior->  unanimon->ly  a^rei-d.  and  said 
1 1  u  •  \  had  •  i  • ;  i  ,  i ;  >  \  i  <  >  •.  i  -  '  o  r  a  n  i  1 1  \  i  l  a  1 1  o  n  to  1 1  _;  1 1 1  lor  t  he  A  m  e  r  i  (  a  n  •> . 

I  'arhe:-.  ;:.«  rV  Ir.dian  in  the  %\  extern  (oiintr\.uho  n-pre~.ented  all 
the  tr.lu  -.  pro!"e->-<^d  in  'heir  name  the  most  indissnluhli.1  Irieiidship  lor 
tlie  I  in!ed  Sr.iti-  (  I eii.  Ilarri-on  then  told  them  that  he  would  h-f 
them  knois  \\hen  tliev  \\'oulii  In-  wanted  in  the  service,  and  ^aid  to 
i  iii  MI  :  "  I  !;it  \  ou  mu^t  c  oil!  on  n  to  i  in  r  mod  i'  ol  wart  a  re.  N  on  are  not 
'.'i  k  M!  lirieti^e  •>  pri-oiji -ix.  old  men.  women  or  <  hildren."  1  I  e  aiidrd 
that  ;.\  the:r  i  oiidni  !  he  would  Ue  ;;hle  to  t:  II  wheth.er  the  Uutish 
•Ao-ii'l  restrain  the  Indian-  from  such  horrible  i  nielty.  l-'or.  it  the 
Indian^  <\^}.'  : ;  _;  \\\:}\  1 1 1  n  i  \v  o  1 1 1  <  1  t  o  r  1  ie  a  r  sin  h  i  o  1 1  d  1 1 1  1 .  1 1  would  p  r  o  \  r 
that  thi  i'.r.t ',  -;:  i  ouid  ;iUo  -r-;  rain  theiix  IT  the\  wi-lu-d  to  do  so.  II,- 
'n  'ini'  'p  >•!  -1  \  loli;  ;!u-ni  ilia;  he  had  been  intorined  ol  (  leii.  I'roitor's 
p.""i!:.-,-  ;..  |.;m  '•}]•.,,  [lie  hands  o|  '|',-(  -iir-rh.  !o  lie  treated  .1- 

'  h  it  w  :  n  .  <;  i',  :' ! .  j  >;-<  <\  ']<]<  d  he.  I'ro,  ;-.;-.  >i  ice  ceded  at  lp'ort 

\1  -  "N  '.•.,.'  !  •  '  -  >  -';i  :  .  i  i  i  P;  :  .1  k  .n  _:  I  ';-oi  '  M;\  \  i  >•;  -,li.,  | !  h.i\  e  !'. .  in 

<'  <  '.' .  ;  ' '  \  nn  '.\  . '. i  i^ree  ' o  '.  re  i '  : i ;  ii!  as  a  •-,  j uau  .  and 

':,-'-•     ii.       i    i  o\\    |  '-,  i     v\  110    Would     kill 


i :      1 1  i  ,i  n  .-i  ii  1 1  1 1 :     I  ie :  wee!  i     rroci  or    and 

\  clue    -it. I   e    !  he     b.l'  Me   i  il     'l'i|'pe 
:    i'r<  'i  loi-  .:_;'  eed."    -  ,\  s    I  )au  s,  ,\}.    --[\\.\\ 

_i.:    .1'      1  .  pp.'-  .HI,  "       sh,  e;].  i     be     _1\  ell    Up 

\1 .1  ;i  '••     l!  i '.       i  -i  i  r!  ,1 '  1,1  d   ihe  -.ame  lai  Is 

•::.i:.~.        \  :  , .   ' ', \ , -.  a! -o.  pn  >:  <••*  the  o! her 

ided     !  o    \  -.  j'.i  :  i       i    ;  s     |  irolilise     made     1  o 


alarm,  n'lunu'tl  to  I  o \vrr  Samlii«.k\  .  on  ;h 
lollow  i;u  ti.iv  he  set  out  lor  < 'lev  rlami  to  -,« 
the  li!i;ii!:n^  o|  !ioat>  ;.»  trail,1..!'1!  ihi  arms 
Ccii.  llarr!,..M  rctnrm-.l  :,,  1  ,.v\,-r  >.in'!j|§$§  . 
iar-e  i.o.tv  ,,i  lm:;an,  li.i-l  :.  -rn  - -•:.  |.  1^:11.; 
that  i !  \\  a  ,  . !  1 1  \  a  ' .  :  n '  a  n  •  1  '  i  i ,  i !  t !  i .  •  !  V  a  i  . . !  >  \ 
-nrpri-c  I-'.  >rt  >(.-]. lirii-M  >n  or  (  'lev  elaii'l.  II.- 
lK-a,l.|uartcr-  to  1  ,,r»  >,-M,-,  i.  n 

a   MM  IT!   r..  .',    to  ;!„•   n  ii,-!    ..:     I  -:'     \I,  i      .   i' 


n  ua>  u-tt.  a-  .'.iiva*  :\   -tatoi.a:    [-.  .r;  >¥.i-jiin-n>.o 
i\t\    M!i-M.      Tliriv  urn    th.-n    a',)oiit  ->i\  iriml.1'. 
'    r.  r    too    -.mail  to  a--i->;     l-'orl     \Iri_:-.      (  .- 
I  larri-on'^  an;  1.  ipat;on>  j  ,r.  >\  .-. !  loin-  .  orn-t  t.      Tlu-  rm.-in\   nmvi-<l  n|r 

<  Jrn.    I  1  ari    M  MI,  a--  rarlv    a-  tin-   .»  i  >t  o;     \|iril.  in  a  I'-ttrr  '"  'lie  ><•<  r 
tarv    .it    \\.ii'.    ^]K.iki!i_;    oi    the     opi-r.it  ioii>    ol    tin-    .  ani|i.i:^:i.    '•'•ili: 
n-nal  ar.tl  \\  omiiTlul    -a^arity.  remark >.-tl:    "I   -li.iil    .  au-->-  the  nio\  r'.m 
»t    tl;  i-  i- ni-iii  v  to  In-  nar  row  1\  \\  it.  lir.l :    inn  in  tin-  i-v  vni  o;    tln-ir  lam  hi 


at  li    an  i-v  i-nt.  to  !K-    r\  a<  uate.l.      'I  In-    ston-->    tlu-fr    arc    not    ot    nr 
o  n  ->c.  j  u  i  •  n .  •  r .  i  •  \  i  i  •  j  1 1 ;  1 1 :;  a  1  >o  u  t   1 1  v  i  •  1 . ;  1 1 1 . 1  r  r .  1  , !  a  m  1  .  >  I    a  r  i  n  •- .  u  1  r .  ! !  1  >  1 
.  aii->r  to  1  H-    rcino\  c>  1  a,  >oon  a--  I  lie    roa.U    arc    |ira.  t  i.  ali'c ;    a;   [.IVM 
it     i  >    i  in  ] '. '--- . !  i!i  •."         llit'M-    arm->    ucrc    --M!I->C.  MICMI  1  \  .    an.'     i>c!.'r-i 
'i.Utlc.    lake;,    av,.i\.        (Icn.     lla:r:-o!!    \s  a>    !i;!!v     <«\\\.i. 

ni;i-'   'u     a iia:..  \>  -n.-.l    am:    iuirnci i.  j,r.  ,\  '.,\,  , !  a  f.  ' :  -  a  '     .•-•.'.'••  i  M<  . 
svilli  -.ilvVxJ 

I  Ii  \l  nor    (    ,-  ,-  rV,  .  I1.     ' 


ri.ereiipon.  .iii'i  immediately,  tin-  order  was  despatched  t« 

<  '""_'::. in  in  ';<•  i\  .-.  .1-  alrc.uh    -taled. 

•''  \\li.u  ha-   a!read\   been    -aid  of  tin.1  battle  oi    Fort  Su 

i-t m.  .nil i  t  ini.  I  I  am -on'-  reiat  inn  t  hereto,  u  -lion  Id  IK-  remembered 

wer>     onb     about    N    .     troop-  ,11   For;  Seneca.      <  >ne  filth  (>t 

>    were    i   i\air\   and    the  remainder  ra\s    militia.      To  have    marched 

n  i'i  \    •]•,  i-  ;  :me-  their  number.  \\  i:h  thc-e  trudps.  \v>  mid.  in  ai' 

•  :  •'  i'  i  ai  '•  ii  1  \  .  li.ur    I'r^'ilU'd  ;n  di^a^ter.        i'liciv  \\TI\'    then.  also. 

i-.;    and    i":l':\    -;\    -Miidier>  at    |-'<iri    Me|iliei)Min.  and    to    leave 

•    inei'i  \    i'i    Mie    tomahawk-;.    wa>   a    responsibility    that    no 

ar\    le.iiK-r  of  the  capai  it\   of  (ien.   Harrison,  \\onld  o\rrlook.       In 

>-'.;:''!]  to  all    iliis.   (irn.    Harrixm    had    even    reason    to   believe   that 

I  '  i  'ini-i-h.  wit'n  hi-  foil.  i\\  in_;.  wet\'  making  lor  l-'ort  Steiihen^oil.    Tliev 

•e  tlii-n  l\:n_;  in  the  ->wainp  between  that  point  and   l-'ort   M  ei^'s.  j.ooc 

•  <  >:i_;.  ivad\   to  --trike    ujion    cither    i  amji      I   pper    Sandnsky    or    P'ort 

>>  ,,ei  a      the  moment   it  should  be  ascertained  that  II  irrisoii  had  moved 

t"  'he    relief  of  For;    Stephenson.      I'nderall  these    circumstances    he 

^^  -  -  bound,  bv  e\'er\    military  principle,  to  retain  that  jiosition  in  whicli 


ictvtorc  determined  to  wait  for  a  time  the    progress  of  events,  hoping 

'     re  enlofi  cment-  would     arrive    before    the    tori  could  be  reduced. 

(  '      :hi. ':: :_ht  o!    the   -ecoiid  o!    August,  he  was    informed  ot    the  retreat 

enemy,  and  re  enfon  cim  nt-    having  arrived    be  I  ore  morning,  he 

'•:!  v.  -:h    ;  :  for  the  fort,  attended  h\   dragoons,  and  ordered 

:    :  ::e  d:-po-able  Ion  e.  undi  r  I  in;  -.  (  '  a--  and  Me  Arthur. 

I    ;.<ii>     rr.ii  h;i;j     ;he    lort.     llarn-oii     war-     intormed     that 

n  i.    -o;iih  o|    1  ori     \F  ;_;-.  read\    to  make  for 

'     ;  i  is     i;  r-i     '  M  ii  'i  -I  i  iiui;  \ .      I  b  •    I ! ,  -  -re  'i  i  ii  i  n    directed 

a  rri\  i  '  i.   to  i vl urn    !o    ( '  imp  Seneca 

i'  --  oil, i  :,      report,  -aid.    "I:   u;ii    no',  be  anion_;  tin- 

<  .  -    n.ortiti.  ation,  t,,  find  that   he  ha-    been    baflled 

•.  :  \\  i-nt  \    nr-l   \  ea  r.       IF-  :  -.  hou  e\  cr. 

.    i  -.    i  i .  '  'r_i-     \\ .    (lark."        I  'resii  h-nt 

M  ' !  '  IM    i  itv\  et   rank  o|    I  ii  utenant  ( 'oh  me! 


'ii    <  i '  n.   II  arri-i  in   in  -oine    |  mblii 

;*<•«<    I'  o  r  t    > ! .,  •  ]  1 1  u  -  n  - 1 '  n .  t  o  w  1 1  i  i  1 1 

\     i  or  ward  MIL:    !  o   a    nru  -pa  prr    in 

Sandu-kv.    \nun-t   _•  7 .   i  <'->  i  ; . 

:•    .;:-obr\  :n-    <  .1  i,-    I  larri-oti'- 


iK'>i;n\\S    I>M  t  S>»     "i      M\!<KI--»V 

\    thr     1'irt.  i'ti  ..   .lllil   --IV-:     "1    h:iv»-     \V;i.h     lii'icii     I 


him  it  hi-  piea-ure.  l-or  a  proud  and  intelligent  people,  in  the  choice 
of  nu  n  fur  officer-,  to  resort  1"  all  m. inner  ot  personal  vituperation  and 
...hu-e  <>!  oppo-inj  <  andidatcs,  and  to  assail.  bla<  ken.  traduce,  and  ruin. 
;i  r,o>si!>le.  !'\  ai!  in. inner  of  means,  eliaracters  that  may  he  as  lair  and 
honorable  a-  tho-c  ni  the  be-t  'it'  men.  and  -.imply  to  win  at  the  polls, 
is  a  i  rime  against  ^ood  hrecdinu.  against  common  justice,  against  good 
mural-,  and  auain-t  ordinan  <lecencv. 


a  s;.;(  nd:d  -word  if  ihev  -aw  lit  so  to  do.  ami  to  ma'.c  him  a  nice 
sp<\  (  h  i  crtainU  thc\  had.  Hut  to  ha\  e  it  said  tliat  they  jiresented 
(', en.  Harri-on  uith  a  petticoat,  and  have  that  paraphernalia  painted 
o;i  tran-parencie-  and  carried  through  the  streets  in  democratic 
proce--;on-  to  turn  to  ridicule  the  \  aluable  services  ol  an  able.  hi:_di 
minded  and  patriotic  t  iti/.cn  and  soldier  like  lien.  Harrison,  seemed 
ver\  \\rnn_;  to  me  then.  \  ouiiL,r  as  1  was.  and  the  impression  sticks  to 
rm-  -tili.  l!  seemed  equally  uicked  to  paint  Martin  Yanllnren  on 
tran-jiaretn  ie-  with  the  ->\vord  in  one  hand  and  the  pnr-e  in  the  other, 
!ieiie\e  tha!  the  Little  1  o\  of  landen\vald  would  usurp 
and.  d<  -:ro\  ::  ixernment.  And  to  eap  the  climax  ot  this  manner 

of  political    warlarc,  alter  a  cainlid.ite    has    been    ahu-ed    and  vilitied  to 
ti:e  heart-'  i  outeti!   ot    his  op]ioneiits.  and  i-  elected  withal,  neverllu-less, 
ri  not  oiils   i|u:etl\    -uliinii   to  the-  administration  ot    the  duties  ot    his 
oiih  e.  1  >'i!   to    shake    ha  ml-  \\  1 1  h    h ;  m    and    i  on(uratulate    him    upon    his 


e  lien.   H  a  :T:-O:;  wa-  at  (  amp  Seneca  he  narrowly  escaped  beini; 
:  :c,  an   Indian.      The  reader  will  remember  that  the  i  >clawares, 

-.  \\  \  i;:d  i's    and    Se'iei  as    had    been    invited  to    join  the  army 
•     II-.  :•!  .s.-i    a_Min-i    the    Mr;ti-h    and    their    Indian    allies.      Ouitea 
1 !     .<  •     pled    the    in  vital  ion.  and    had    reached    Fort 
!\    '  !uik\   troops.       1  lelore  t  he  depart  lire 
tt'om    their    re-pel  ti\'e    tou'ii.-.  an    unfriendly 
1  the  i^otid,  Bract's  ot    die  chic!.-  under 
\  m    I'K  an-,    but    \\  it  h    the     intent  i<  m     of 
:  i       i  as  a  Sha  wnees,  and  was  known 
'     !he    •  eh  brated     Hlue  Ja<  ket 
'  '.'  •  ie-u't-al    \\  a\  ne.       He  had 

M.         He  had  been    absent 
!.,id    i"'  '',!•;;,  '  1   bui    a   tew  '  la  \  s  before  the 
• '   '   •    ' '         '          \  '  • .  er  ;<  a  n  a  rm  \  . 
ha'  ii'  en    hunt  in^   on  the  \\~abash, 

I'm  ' :  er :  to   join    the    part  \    that  was  now 


lU.t'l       I  U  Kl    I       \N  !  '     1.1    \\  I   K. 

^c'.tin^    irai!\   t<>  man  h  to  I- nrt  sSrnc<  a.       (   \nn\  tiu-ir    .irri\.il  a;   MI    \i 
lluir's    Mm  klmu-M-.    ilu-\     halu-il    ami    t-:n   unju-.i    t.ir    tin-    ].iirj.-i^r    m 

U'<i-i\inu  pi  <  >\  : -.;« >n>  timn  thr  iivj'ii!\  Imiian  .urn:.  <  M  \1.  I'licr-'in. 
•,\  h  i)  1'i-si.  it'll  !  !u- IV. 

lli-lniv  tin  11  ani\ai  a!  that  |.!.u  r.  I'.lm-  l.f  L  t  h.ni  i  »min'im<  ati->!  t.. 
a  ii'U'ii'l  'i!  In-',  a  >ha\\mvs  uarnni,  his  inii-ntinn  i<>  kill  thr  \UUT:<  .in 
_;rtu-ral.  ami  iv-pi-sto!  his  .iss.v, .tin  i  .  lii:>  his  lr:imi  i!c.  lined.  ainl 
fixU'.u  itri'ii  i'1  ili^-u.uh1  li.ni  ii'iMii  a! '  I'm]  it  nu  it.  .i^sijrnu  '.:in  tli.it  :t 
i  i  >uli  i  ii"!  ii,  ii<  me  \\  i  timn:  tin-  i  i -Man;  i-  >•.>•>;  hi-.  <  >\\ ::  l.:r,  a>  In-  !i.n  i 
IKTM  al  th<  \nirrii  an  i  ainp.  aii-1  k;ir\\  li.a;  :inic\\a-  alwax  -  a  -i;.u  <\ 
a  r  1 1 1 1 1  n  1  t  i  i  > '  *  n  : .  i  •  i  a  i  -s  <  j ', ;  a  r ;  i  :  - .  \\  i  i .  >  u  i  r«  •  >  •  n  « :  • ; !  \  • ! .  i  \  a ;  1 1  i  : : .  _  ,  i : . 

I'/liu-  l.iiki-;  irpiU'ii  that  hr  rta->  i  ir!  I'li;!:;;, -ii  !..;-  ,  :  I'.tfli!  ii  >!i 

at  an\  r;-k.  ..:.'!  >ani:  "I  \\iil  k.li  :  i  >•  (M  in  -vai.  r\-.  n  ;l  I  ua>  ^irv  thai 
tin-  :,'  1 1  a  r  t  i  \\  ;  >  •  '  '  '•  '•  '  1 1 1  •  i  n  t  <  i  ]  r,  n  i  •  >  n  1 1  1  > ; .,  _  i  ••:  \  i : .  u  \  1 1 1  \  :  i .  • :  1 1 , ,  i  : ; .  i ;  1 . " 

NII  jn'oji'ii-  oil  rai'th  ai\-  IIHUI-  l.iitlii1.:!  ;;i  ki'i'j'itij  a  --n  :.•;  tiian  ti.c 
liiili.iii-',  init  cat  !i  \\aiTiiir  l:a->  a  tru-iiil  Irnin  \\hiiin  !u-  \\;1!  i  niu  i-a! 
noil:;  U'_.  '  I  i  was  tin-  .,'  ><  nl  inrniiu-  »i  (  ii  :i.  I  I  a  IT.-'  n,  that  tin-  Iricini  aini 
i  ,  i  n  iii  i  ant  »!  I'-iuc  J  .u  kc'  u  a-  a  \  >  m;u  1  U-l.r.\  ari-  i  hii-i  by  !  h,-  nani--  < .: 
1',, \i\rr.  \vlni  \\  i>  al-n  li.nuni  In  tin-  (ii-iu-ra!  IA  tii->  <it"  (ri«.-ni'.-!ii|i.  lie 
u  as  I  In.'  siin  iii  a  1  >rlau  M<-  uar  i  iiii-i  nl  the  ^anic  nanu-.  \vii>i  liad.  u  ith 
nthri's,  ln.-i.-ii  jiiit  t«i  liraili  !)\  ln>  n\\!i  trilif,  nil  tin-  i  hai'^r  nl  !>ra<  tit  uu 

SDI'I    lT\   . 

(irii.  liarrisiin  hail  IHTII  nn  trniis  ii|  lru-ini>lii.)  \\,;!i  hi>  i.iilu-r.  ami 
ii.ni  |iatmni/i-ii  Ins  nrpiian  lm\.  a:  ;hal  tinu1  -nm-,-  u-n  nr  turht.-  \car- 

nl     a^r.        lli'   li.l'i     linU    ,i!'l'i\rii   .11    in.l  nlini  K  1.   ami    \\  ,1  >   i  >  >l  I  s  ;  i  h  •  rci  1     alllniu 

tin-  im  >s[  1 1  mi  r  ,M  n_;  wai'ri'M's  n|  ins  in  in-.  In  this  \  mnu  i  hu-t  the 
iru-mi  ni  1  !;:;;•  |.n  krt  rr\  ralcii  ;  hi-  lalal  st-i  <.\  !.  1'hr  lu-a\  i-r  \\  a^  piai  ni. 
h\  tins  i  i  ininrinn  at  n  Mi.  :ii  an  i  ;ni  1.1  IT.I^S; n_;  siii:.;;;nn;  inr.  shmihi  he 
i  h-,1  Insc  \\  in!  In-  itai  1  In-ai'i  1  ami  1  >n-n  i  :;' :  u^!  •.  i !  \\  ; :  h.  h.  r  !  >ct  ra  \  ri  i  h, :  s 
;  ririii  1.  than  \\  i .  \<  h  i;n;  h  ;  n-  (  niih  i  ii  iu<  >i'i-  ','-.•]  -M.;!..in!  In  tin-  j  •'  ;  M<  ;  j  U  •• 
til  an  lip;. an  '.\  a;'!',n;'.  >M>  I'm ;  n.-  i;.i;  i.  -i  in>i-  ,-.  i  nn^ri|;;rni  i  ^  i-iji;ai. 


,;    t!u-    Bravrrto    tin-    liiuhr-!    jiirch.      IK-    -^-i/rd    hi-;  tomahawk. 

j\  i;;,  ';}<_  \:  > \\  i T<  U   1 1  H-  \  i  1 ! a i  1 1 .  -a i d    to   him  :    "  Y ou  in u s t  1  >c  u  ^rea; 

\n:i  \\:i.    lint  onl\    kill    th:-  \\hiii-    nian    lor  in  atm^    \oti  a^  yon 

:  \\iii    ,i!-~o    tunnK-r  our   tatht  r,  liu-    \iiKTiraii    (hid.  and 

•    nv-i  !,u'i     !]-"ii  u-  ail.      I'-'it  \oii  ->!iail  ilo   lu-illicr:    ! 

.    >, , ,  ;  .1-  i  v, •  r:M  .1  in.ii!  ilo^." 

,-;,    M.tv,     t'-'.:n    tin     toiualiauk    ol    tin-     llravrr    -trcti  lu-il     tin- 

I'.i'ir   I. H  kr:    .'  !.>  irft.  .in-!  a  <=••-»  mil  iinislu-d  him. 
i.  : ,  _  '    -.i;>:    !'. t   ; \  !••".  i o  v-oiiii1  Shawm  ,•-.  who    \\  rrr    jiivsi'nt.    "lake 

riiic  ainl  !i-!l  ihrm  who  ha-  iloiie    iln.-  dci-il." 

•»'.  ]\\ :.;  v  •!  -  il  }hr  ,u  1.  and  \\  nv  [ilra-od  to  ha\  c  c-^i    n.ni 

':;:<'!  .::v\     n!     I'lini-     l.nkrt    \\mild    iii\r    hrou.J)' 


I  HI  >\IA>    t'i»K\VI\. 

Thi->    •  j'.ii'-,!  i»n    ari-M's   \rrv  naturally,  am!    it    mu>t 
•.vhilr  mi    .itvat    liattlr>    \\IMV    lou. 
'.vhi!<-  it  i  an    n<  >'    h«ia-»l  "i    .1    I     \ . 
•A  ii  i  If  : !  \\'a-~  MO:   i  \\ ,  •  I  iirtn  ;  i'a<  <•  <  > 


QO  uisioKN    01    SI-;M:C.\   corxTY. 

forehead,  black    hair,   short    neck    and    ot    very   dark   complexion,      lie 
wa>  gentle,  social,  kind. 

'l'!u-  writer  \\as  present  one  tune  when  a  co!ii|iany  ot  gentlemen  met 
at  the  i>M  American  house,  in  (.'olumbiis.  and  heard  (»ov.  \\'ood  tell  a 
Mood  joke  on  Mr.  (.'or\\in  in  his  presence,  (iov.  \\ood  -.aid:  "A  leu 
vears  a^o.  in  the  \\inter.  \vhile  Mr.  ('oruin  uas  in  ('olumbiis  attending 
to  business  in  the  lulled  State-.  IMstric;  C'ourt.  the  miilaitoes  in 
('olumbus  had.  a  dance,  and  had  given  notice  that  none  but  pure 
mnlaitoe-  would  be  admitted.  One  o!  Mr.  Convin's  friends  ottered  a 
small  bet  that  he  'Mr.  (,'onvin)  could  not  gel  in  to  see  the  dance 
because  he  uas  too  dark  lor  a  mulatto.  Mr.  ('orwin  accepted  the  bet. 
and.  dressing  hiuiseil  in  the  best  manner  he  <  ould  to  deceive  the  door 
keeper,  put  a  hat  with  a  very  wide  rim  on  his  head,  and  the  parly 
started  tor  the  bail.  Mr.  ('orwin  presented  his  ticket,  and  the  mulatto 
door  keeper  lifted  up  the  rim  ot  Mr.  Corwin's  hat.  am!  -aid:  '('an'tget 
in  heah.  M  a -.-.a  -one  shade  too  dark :'  and  Mr.  (  'orwin  lust  the  bet." 

The  Senecas  took  possession  ot  their  lands  soon  alter  the  treaty,  and 
bewail  to  build  cabins  and  open  little  clearings  around  them,  lly 
virtue  o]'  the  treat),  the  I  nited  Stales  were  obliged  to  establish  an 
;mcnc\  near  the  reservation,  to  pro\  ide  tor  their  wants,  and  in  ever\ 
ua\  to  assist  in  carrying  into  ellect  the  conditions  ot  the  treaty.  The 
l\e\  .  lames  Montgomery  \vas  appointed  a^ent  lor  the  Senecas.  (  )n 
the  Kjih  day  of  November.  iXuj.lie  moved  with  his  lamil\  into  the  old 
bloi  khoiise  of  the  fort,  and  immediateU'  ttiok  t  har^e  of  his  office. 

Mr.  Montgomery  \\as  born  in  \\estmoreland  coiintx.  I'eiinsylvaiiiu. 
November  20.  177''-  He  finished  his  education  in  Pittsburgh,  and 
when  he  was  seventeen  veai's  ohl.  m<i\eil  \\uth  his  \vido\ved  mother  to 
the  s-,ate  of  Kentuckv.  Hi^  lather  died  in  the  revolutionary  war  in 
loluistown.  NI-\\  |erse\.  o!  (  amp  lever.  I  he  widow  and  her  <  hildren 
>ettied  "U  one  of  those  celebrated  "tomahauk  claim>"  in  Kentuck\. 
and  which,  as  a  matter  ot  course,  became  involved  in  litigation,  which 
wa>  usual,  and  lost.  Mr.  Montgomery  married  a  Mis,  Ka/iah  Koiise. 
a  n  d  ;  n  i  .s  -j ( i  i !  i  ( i  v  e  i !  into  ( "h  a  m  pa  i gn  c o 1 1  n  t  y .  O  h  i  o.  a  n d  I  o <  a  t  c d  eight 
milt  s  east  ot  i  rbana.  He  preai  lied  1  h  rough  that  county  as  a  minister 
of  the  Methodic  I  ipi'seopal  ( "htirch.  In  the  year  i  <s  i  j.  h,  mo\  e<i  u  it  h 
l.is  ;aini!\  to  Sj  ringlield.  <  )hio,  and  while  there  he  uas  appointed  \>\ 
(io\.  Mei^s  i  r.inmiss;ir\  t'or  the  arm\.  \lter  the  war  he  moved  bai  k 
to  I  !  ..IMI  pa :  _:i  c  outit\.  and  while  there,  rei  ei\ed  his  appointment  Mom 
the  pn  sjdent  as  aueii!  lor  tile  Setiei  a  Indians.  Th(-  lamil\  li\ed  in  the 
old  blot  k  house  si  -\  el;  \  ea  1's.  \\  h  e  1 1  he  bll  1  It  a  1,1  ]'_;e  cab  Ml  <  i  ose  !  i\  .  \\'  h  e  re 

he    alteruards    h\eil    \\ith    his    lamilv    to    the    tune  ol    his    death,    \\hich 


<><  (  urrol    DM    the     1st    i!.i\     <>!    lai.r.   I,N;..\ 

wlu  :.r\  rt    thr  ilutirs  ill    h;s  tiltn  r  a-.   Iml.an 

atirinlol  t"  his  mmislr!  i.ii  ili.tu1-.  am',    i.n  . 

In  It.xrti  !i\    all  \\lni  h.nl  an  <  <]•]•<  ••  !t:n:t  s    tn  < 

\\.is  |,(>s^rssrd  ni    a  ln>!''ir.  niai.lv    <  har.n  't  •'. 

a!i|r.        I  1  Is     hi  Mlsr     Itn    imr     :  hr     Iir.nl  j'i  lit' 

s!;iim     ''1    his     ci'i'M      \\.i--     ah\a\s     ,i'il          \|.; 

Imliaiis    ami    whiles    in.nlr    Mi.    M '  >i:'.-_i'>:!n-r\  's    !:•  .i:-r  a  si,  tj.|..:i.,    ;.|.n  t 

'I  nr   liahai'.s  t  allril  him    Km  k'><.  v\.is-.i      :ir\\   .n  on;.       I!  •  \\.is  :>i:t  iitl\ 

l.air  \  rai's  .  .1.1  u  hrli   hr  riio!.        I'hr    Rr\  .    I  i/r.  hirl  <  '.»•}..  r.  .1    \|  r- in  •«!•-• 

1  .;>isi  opal    ]  irr.u  lu-r.    piv.n  hnl     his  \;: 

..I  ilir  Sri  in  as  alt  r  mini  his  lunrr.ll.  Mr  \\  as  ';.  irioi  in  :i:r  "M  <  mirlrr\ 
nrar  thr  ion.  Mr  li.nl  r!r\rn  t  hiMn-ii  tu..  s.nis  ami  mm-  i!ati_;iiu-r-. 
\1  r.  \\  iliiam  M  « iii'^<  inu-ry.  win  >  \\  .is  al  Irrsv  an  is  r  \triisi \  -i\  rii^aun!  i:: 
I  hr  i  urn  ant  ilr  !  HiMiirss,  jn  '1'itliii.  was  h.is  tildt  >i  -»  m.  Mr-..  S  ii!\  1  :i^ham. 
w  lio  in  >\\  r.-sit  irs  in  thr  i  it  \  .  >l  Titlin.  is  i  hr  nni\  s'ir\  ;\  n,^  mnii:  n-r  ": 
! !  i .  i :  1 .  i  r  _;  r  !  a  i  n :  1  \ . 

Mr.  M ' ''  '^'  iinrr\  \\.is  almui  n\r  trrt  six  ;m  lirs  ii:_h.  str,,;;^  ami 
<  .  imj  .in  !  i  \  1  in.  i ! .  \\  i!  In  >nt  1  >r  i  nu  ri  M']  uilr  ni .  II,-  .  a  i  r;  aj.  'A  as  -•  I'ai^ht 
unl  rrn  t.  llr  li.i«!  i'i.nk  hair  ami  r\  rl.r-  >ws,  ,  Lrk  .  \  rs.  ;.;-.  ii!i;nrnt 
mist-,  simitith  itirrhr.nl,  rathrr  hra\  \  |n\\rr  ja\\.  rirm  hrii  !  |.>.  a  ir.uik 
ami  nprii  i  iiiin'mam  r.  whii  !i.  (t.L;rthrr,  w«i!i:ii  mark  i,.m.  m-;  mii\  as 
a  man  .  >i  ^rra!  .  in  ;  -n  >;i.  1  ui!  alst .  a^  a  Ir.nlr r  in  an\  >  ap.n  ; :  \  .  II  •  h.n  i 
a  i  irar.  strnii^  virirr.  linr  iniiir.il  n;  lau^u.iur.  .i;n!  u.ts  altn-r'.hrr 
]  ir.n  l  iral  in  li;  -  nr:ln  >.  jnxy.  1  I  is  .  nn\  rrs.il  inn  v\  a^  .  h  ;-;  i\.  fe;:nn  >rni!s 
ami  iiislrui  ti^r.  Mr  \\.is  tin1  kimi  nn  _li!inr.  allr.  !:-»>i  itr  h;i^';  ..un ;  ami 
lalhrr.  .in  h-iii  i  si  niinrr,  ami  a  hn'ssjn-  t..  aii  ai  njjf^;  ::;m.  >!mr:i\ 
IK  Icrr  i:  is  ri  •;;:'  i\  .!  i  tn  |- 1  .r!  "s'-m .-(  a.  In-  \\  a--  nr.  la  i  nn  i  1  >\  ll.s ':.,,;.  \  -.'  i';r\ . 
:n  1  '  !  >am  m.  \\  a  rrm  t  ntin;  \  .  (  >h  i  • ..  , ::  i  •>  i  <j. 

\nnm_,  I  i  >  r  m  i  n  \  \  ;-;:<>  r  >  a !  1 1  n  •  >  i .  i  !  >  1  <  >  i  k  1 , .  > ' ;  s  \\  a  -  Mr.  I  a !  1 1  r  s  |  . 
\\  i .  i  : :  ,  ' . .;; .  \\  '.• '  'A  .1  -.  t  m  i .  i  i  >\  n  !  i  .\  ^,  i\  ,  r;:  :m  :,':,>  -••  i  r  \  -r\  r :  a  } 


Tin-  early  emigrants  In.  the  \alley  of  the  Sandtisky  were  compelled 
l<i  make  tlu-ir\va\  through  turret  ami  sxvamp  as  best  they  could.  They 
li.nl  tn  lollo\\  old  ,mn\  roads,  or  Indian  trails,  lording  streams,  and 
•>\  indium  through  the  woods  tor  hours  and  days  In  bla/ed  trees.  There 
u  a-  lui  bridge  across  any  stream  in  tin-  xvhole  x'allex  ot  tin-  r:\er  —nor 
.  mild  a  ho'i-e  up  i  al>;n  be  found  to  stop  at.  They  had  to  camp  out. 
nd  -deep  in  !'  •  \\a_;oii.  or  on  'he  ground,  with  no  rooi  Inn  ;he  trees. 
•  :•  tin-  liroad  canopy  oi"  heaven.  When  Mr.  Monlifomery  im.ived  into 
:  iu1  o]i  1  iort.  t luTi'  was  no  l)ntlLjL'  between  I  rbana  and  I  .<  i\\  rr  Sandusk\. 
\\lifii  tin  writer  i-anu  to  Seneca,  in  i^,vv  thei\'  \\'a>  no  hrid^r  in  tlh- 
i  iiiini}'.  Ni  iuhboi'v  .MI  opposite  --nK---  ol  ->treain^,  niadr  a  w;;\'  to  L;V 
•i  ro-.s  li\  Killing  a  II\T  ai  ross  and  ualkinu'  over  the  IOL;. 

In    the    \e;ir>-    I>K;    and    iSjo.  there   were    but    five    taniilir>   ot    whitr 

•  iplr  !i\;n_  between  1'ort  Senec;i  ;nid  l;o!'i  l!all.  Tliesr  \\TIT  tl'ir 
Ii'iinoniU.  \\iiliam  i  [arris,  Abiier  I'ikr.  i  who  had  i  i-abin  near  the 
'.,-.  •  e  \\  hen  I  /  r  a  linker  alter  \vanls  built  a  Iraine  housi  in.'ar  the  mi!!.  ' 
!ii  old  MI. MS  b\  t Ite  nanu  o;  McNutl.  and  \\idow  Shi]i|i\.  Uenjaiiiin 
1 '.  , r :  1 1  •  \  .  \ ! '  -  o  1 1  (  i  r  a  \  1 1 1 1  i  I  o  i.  •  i  (  "h  a  ]  1 1 1 1  ;d  -><  i  ; i  r  r ;  \  e d  about  thai  tune. 

\n>i  MI  (  i  i\i\  al'trru  ar<  i>  married  one  ol  t  lu  1  I  arn-  uii'U  |am-.  '|1,,- 
t.iviii.  I'riti!'  one  mile  -ouih  o;  I!H-  |ire-.ciil  town  ol  l-'orl  ^en  •<  a.  \\hieh 
\v  i^  nterw  a rd  -  o\\  ned  b\  '.he  l\e\  .  1 .  1 .  1  >eilhar-.  oi  ;  i  r  (  ', * -rma n 
1 /;•  hei-.n;  i  1'iiri  I;.  Mid  where  lie  dieil.  wa->  boM^lii  n  ilu  land  -^ale--.  b\ 
\  -•  i :  ( i : . :  \  1 : .  a  1 !  e  r  y  e .  i  r  ••  (  )  r  a  \  n  i  o  \  e<  i  \v  i  t  h  In-  la  n  i  i  i  \  I  o  1 1  i  i  n  •  • :  - . 
i  i  >  _•  .  i!i;  \ !  !  .  \  1  <  \  i '. ;  ',  \  e  i  i  in  :  1 1 1  L;  i  a  b  i  n  at  a  p  i  a  <  e  1 1 1  a '  , : ' ;  r  r  u  a  rd 
•  :  in  .\  •  a  i'i  \  k  MO\\  i:  .1  -  !  hi  •  ••  \\  r,u!' :  la  rut."  I  1  ere  M  i  N  ut  t  r  le  iret ! 

-..  hool  i)o:i-,-  imili  in  i  lie  Sandn-ks    \  ,1  i  u-\ . 

"The    !'>.!  !"!!e\      1  lo\  -."       :  -    I  he\     Wel'e     I  a  111  1 ! !  a  I'!  V    «   a  !  1 1  (  i .    .1  M  i   r  \\    i  j-|  jx    i  i  \  r,  I 

A.'.'I:     [.u!    (   iiij.:n.    MI    ihv-    -ame    ho-i-e.      Atti  rward->.   l.oren   o    Abbot: 

•    :    1   M  .   (    ;:.!p.!i    Mid  'iie.r  la  Millies  l:\ed  MI  the  sann    honsr        'I 'hex   had 
.'HI      M.I;    h  id    abo>ii    ;  Irrt  \    MX  e    acres    •  leared  am!  MUM,,'! 


I  AK1  Y     M    I  I  I  t  R-. 

rthrr     ii||    to     the!!'     P'MTV  .it  I"  Ml    I 


'H AFTER  V. 


M'KKCH    OK    ISAAC    I.    DUMONO    BEFORE    THE    SENECA     PIONEER   ASSOCIATION 
SAMl'EI.   LROWEI.I/S   CONTKIBUTION      THE    DOG-DANC  E-SO\\'-DO  VVS-KY. 


\     Mil.    jjtlihu   of   I-'ebruarv.   i  Nf><).  In-ill^"  t!u-  anni\vrsar\  »l  the 

hi  r! !,    i>!    (  i  n  >'•_,-    \\  a  shin  Lit  OH.  in    contormit  \    to  a  call    previously 

'in!.  .1   !  ir_;r    iiMtnli'T    <>!    the    pioneers    of   Seneca    coimt\     me!   ;it   the 
i>'.:ri  hon-i    :M  Titiin.  tn    nr-.mi/c    a    I'ioneer    Association.      At    one    oi 
'i'lcnt   mcc:  in,.;-.  I  VI  >rna  rv  jj.    1X71.  Mr.   Isaac   I.   Ihinioml,  one 
oi    tin    ;',;•-;    -ethers    near   tlic   wi-si    iiank  oi    ilu-  riviT.  in   I'lra^anl  town 
-!i:j'.  rra'i  ,i  ji.iprr  i/rlore  thi1  A^-^oi  lation.  wliidi   is  u'i\\-n  helow  in  lull. 
I  !u-  InrtluT  |i!'oi  i'i-iliii^rs  ni"  ihr  Association,  o!    general  interest,  will  IK- 
rt-!i-rrc'i  lo  iu-reaitrr.       Mr.   iJninnnii  said: 

I.ADII;-    \\i)  ( •  i:\  i  1.1:  M  i-:\  :     M\    t'atlici-  nnixn 
•.\a-lin-n  i-allcil   ••Tin'   .\i-\\    I'lii-cliMsf."  mi   tlic 
".  liirli  i  iiiic  I  \\  ;i-  in  in>  I  \\  i-nt  ict h  \  car. 

\\  '•   1 1 H 1 1 1' I   I  hi-  en;  ii'f  i-c  HI  nl  r\  a  \\  ill  Icn  ic>>.  \vitli   in  i  '  >l  her   than   t  he  rii<h- 
,  Mipi'  i\  emciils  iii,ii|c  1  ,\  i  lii1  I  ml  ian<. 

Tliei't-  s\  a->  I  'Mi  i  in !•  |  HI!  1 1  ir  1 1  iai  I  k  1 11 1\\  1 1  a •>  a  1 1  i  u'l i  \va  \  i  n  all  t  he  region  of 
'  In-  i -i  HI  H :  i  .  ile->i_ni;iici|  ;i^  i  li,-  ih'\\  |nircli;i>c.  \\'liidi  \\  as  1 1]  i:  MI  f(l  in  1  In1  fall 
•!  1-::".  ami  ran  mi  the  c;i-|  sjih- (i|'  the  S;iinlnsk\  ri\  ,-r.  m  n't  h  ami  smith. 
'  IM -I i  l.  •;<•'.'.!  i  an< I  -1  i  11  i -i  in!  inning  a>  t  !ii-  Ma  ri.  >\\  Si  a!  e  1!<  i;ni. 

M  •  latin-:  -••;  ;'••'!  in  \\  lial  i--  nn\\  l'le;is;mt  tn\\  iishiji.  in  this  i-oiinl\ .  \\  here. 

'.'.'•   he!    ;•>   i'iii-miMli-1'   niaiiN    ililli -nit  ies.      1  iiirin-  a  pai'l    nt'lhe 

:''!••    i  •  M'i-  \\  i-.i'i-   ahiinst    iin|ias-.;ihli-.  Ji\   reasmi  nf  the   nnhl   mi\ei|    \\Jih 

:i-   i''.l!i   'ii    I'li.i!--.        !>i!!'i!lL;     th'1    sinilllli'I'.    lll'i-,i|l|  j  ',(  i   -x    ;;||i|    hi  H  I  sr- ll  i  es   ^';|\i-    ||s 

i:if     mm"    e  III    ivali/".    e\  -ejil     l'r"ln    c\iierielli-".       Tip- 

"'i1  !  u.i'::'-:  ••!)  .1  li-ir-  •  in  --n.-h   >;n  mliti"s  that  a  sjn^lc  ^\-,\\i  \\niild  lil! 

-    h  i  !i  i .      Tie     M  i  •--  i  -  1 1  r_!,n.    i  >r    prairie    rat  i  !•• -snake.    \\-;is    aunt  hei 

iiipli-ii-.oi'  i  ii'-fir.  .  u  h'.'-h  appi  aiv|  iii  iiTeal  nuni!iei-->.      I  killeil  ii\  .•  in  eiitl  MIL: 

-Ilia.'!   p! ''<•>•»:     na!  s;    iii!    '  A  leil'^e.  ] He  e\  er  -llllrreil    t  mm   them. 

\"  lii.:1    iiim-    :  iii-i  >•  v,  i-!  >•    lev,   t'a.nilie-,   !i\in-j   a  1<  m-1  l  he  cut  i  re    mute   t'min 
;'  ii  ';  urn-  in-  .in-,  in  HM-  Indian  laie^iiau'e.    "!hi-  sireain  armind 


Jt"»M-     ami     (id    i  _rf    (>m-l'-i|     h.l'i     "111     Oiiiv      -tm'f     liftUffll      1  >f|,lU  .11  f     ami 

1  ,ii\\  f  i   Sam!ii-k  \  . 

Thfl'f  \\;i>  ipmi-sii|rr,il  MI-  ii.ui-1  i|iii'!!i-_r  ill'-  -pr;n-_r  aii'l  i-.nl\  -tmumi  "I 
I  *>Jl .  l>>  1 1  if  1 1  in  M-ai  i  h  ''I  la  in  1 .  1  il !  A  n_'ii-! .  \\  In-!!  1  In-  l.iii'l  -;il'-  i"  '-in  if  I. 

(  Mir  -_;Tf  alf-i  pi  i  \  al  i<  >n  \\  a-  u  anl  "I  miil-v  <  >m  m-ai  >• -1  mill  \\  a-  ;tl  (  'i  >l'l 
rive  k.  ;il  mill  1  u  --ill  \  -I'mir  ii  i  ilt-  >  'i  i-lanl .  a  i  nl  v.  il  I  mil  I  a  'Invrt  mail  li-.ulim:  1" 
it.  Tin-  iliMi'-uIt  if>  in  -Minn-  niM-s  Ufiv  \i-r\  iivinu.  !•'"]•  i-xamp!'-:  Mi. 
l>anif>  ami  1'anifl  IJirr  airair_rfl  l'"i'  a  111]'  1"  mill,  f.u  h  uilli  a  I'-am  n!' 
n\f  n  a  i  n  I  u  a  •_;'"!  i.  A  -  i  In- \  hail  In  rr»>>>  l  in-  n\  ••  r.  t  !i>-  ^rain  u  a-  liaiilf  <1  I  lu-i  <•. 
iinlnailfl  ami  l'-ri  i'-il  a>'i  ">^:  lln-n  tin-  \\au<'ii  1'i-ri'ifil  »\  i-r.  anil  a!ti-r\\  ai'iK 
tin-  It-am  ->  \\ain  »\IT.  \\lii-ii  lln-\  i-mili!  ifiiMil.  hi'.i-h  ami  |.|  i  n-i-t- il.  'l'!n>  \\a- 
in  April.  \^-\.  Allfi1  ha\in_r  Ihi-n  ::rain  ui'iMiiil.  ami  "h  iht-ir  hniiifuaiil 
iniitf.  lhc\  \si-ii'  d\  t-rlaUf  !i  lt\  a  ^nn\\  ^I'Min.  Tin-  ^nn\s  u.i-  tlain|i.  ami  Ifll 
tn  tin1 1  If  |  it  1 1  nl'  a  I'i  n  '1 .  ii-rn  If  rim.:  I  he  m.nl  alni"--l  iin|ia--^al'lf.  ami  ><>  \\fiirlM-il 
thf  liii~hf->  tln\\[i  i'\cr  them,  thai  tht-s  \\i-it-  ci>m|>f llcil  In  aliaii'luii  thi-ir 
\\  au'"ii-.  ami  uilh  inm-h  ilill'n-nlt  >  -m-i-i-f  .[fil  in  ira'-hiiiL:  Imiiif  \\ilh  tht-ir 
"\f  u. 

A  It  h<  'ii'-rh  1  hf  M-ar  1  ^'Jl  \\  a->  a  1  r>  i  nu  •  im-.  ii  Inn  I  ^f  t-n  n- il  In  man>  a  -^iitlif  if  nl 
ann'iiiit  nl'  laml  In  allmil  a  Imiiif  I'm'  tin-  tiiiiin-.  ami  in  .•  ni-niu  ;\^<-  n-,.  \\'t- 
had  an  al'iiinlan!  i-rnp. 

Man\  n!  Ihf  iiciiplf  hml  arlt-il  a^  >i|iiattf r^.  Tin-  lmli.in>.  uhn  hail  t'nnn- 
(•rl\  li\fi|  nn  the  \\f--I  ->iilc  nl'  tin-  rixcr.  ha<l  rfiim\ri|  in  ihi-ir  rf-^f  r\  at  imi  nil 
tin-  i-a^I  -iilf.  ami  al'iiinlmifil  lln-ir  n|i|  Imiiif^  am!  Imu^r-,.  uhifli  \\fi'f 
.i|iprn|iriali-il  li\  1  he  white  >c  Hit1  ix.  ami  In -Id  until  I  hf  >  \s  i-ln-il  in  -, ..  nr  u  IT.- 
ili^l>la'- fil  li>  a  i  Iff  1 1  1 1  nl  n  I '  iic  If  Sam.  rnii\  r\  iiiir  tin-  >aiiic  t<>  ^nincliiHlv  c  Kc . 
Tin-  ^f  1 1  If  UK- nl  \\a~-  \\t-al\  in  l^ill.  ainl  in  rai>f  a  li>u'-i-aliiii.  i  In-  m- i^lil>nr^ 
\s  f  re  i  'I'lf  n  ^n  m  mi  in ' -i  I  1 1 'i  MM  plai'f  >  li\  f  nr  >i  \  m  i  If  >  il  i>lant . 

(  M  t  h"^i-  \\  hn  i -a  m  f  prf  \  imi.s  in  i  hf  laml  ->alt->.  -Miim-  ^nl't't-i  fil  I'mm  -ii-kiii- •--. 
ami.  lifriimiii'j  iiiM-nti|-a'_rft|.  li-i'i.  aid  ntliiT-.  ilifl:  l>ui  inmn  -iliali  l\  alifi  the 
laml  >a  If  ^  the  |  m|  HI  IK  t  inn  -ii-mlil\  im-r,  -ax-il.  ami  in  I  -L.'  i.  Mr.  Knm!f  \  Imill  a 
mill  nn  1 1 1'i-i-n  i-n-fis.  .mil  *-»i>\\  at  if  r.  Mr.  MI  >n|-r  1  <\\  \  ii  n  mill  nn  i  hi-  **am  ln>l\\ 
rixt-r.  in  ni,|i-i  In  MI|>!I|\  ili'-  iii'  ri-a^fil  ilfiuaii'l.  \\|ii.'li  L:i'f.ill'>  'iimini^h'-'l 
'he  iiii-i  on  f  iiif  ii'-f  u  f  h.iil  ,i !  1  f  \|'f  rit- m-i-il. 

Thf  i  a  i  '!>  ->••!  1  !••''-  \\  i- 1  •-  in  lit'-  ma  in]-|i  \  :  rnir_:h.  I  nil  Lrf  iif  r>  iii>.  \\  hnlr-->iiiilfi| 
ami  kiii'l  Inu.ir'K  niif  aiinllifi".  ainl  f\cr  rf.nl\  in  I'-ihl  a  hi-l|'in_;'  haml  i"  tin- 
iiffi|>  . 

Tin-  ii-i-  ni  i  !i',n\i'\,t  in-  .I  nnk-  \\a-  niir  ui'fat'- ^1  >-\  il.  ^»im'  u  mil.l  ^i-i  mi 
••  | ' n •!••*.  a  ml  a  1  It- r  I  a  k  m_'  m  m-h  \\  hi^k\  .  \\  mil'  I  I  <  M  ni  a  ri  nu  .  and  \\  il  h  I»-1U. 
luirn^.  I  i  n  pan^.  \«-^  i-ha  in>.  ni  nn\  ;iujs\  i  n  >l  rimifiii .  ftiura^f  in  a  hi'lmii^ 
'  lam -i- .  -M  iiu  .  a  m  I  ui\  '•  I  ml  ian  \\  ai  -\\  line  ip->.  >nrh  a  >:  ai  c  n|  ^m-irl  \  \\  a^  m  >1 
Ihf  rnlf  '-I;  1 1  ri-l  \  .  l">u  i'\  cr.  ami  'A.I-  \\linil\  ili^|'l;t'-fil  in  a  ^hnrl  linif  1>\ 
'hf  inun-^nl  ni'tn-  rdiiifil  |n'np|f.  \\lin  mnl  rnllnl  i!,r  ni":ai  -iamlai'l  "i 
i  hf  ii'-iuhl"  ir'ni  in:).  Thai  fin- m\  >  >!"  fi\  ili/al  mn  \\  h  i  ^k  \  \\  a>  hai  il  in  ^ululiif . 
iiiiu  i  \  i-i  •.  Tii  i  -  i-  .!  I  \\  a\  •>  ill'-  '  a  >f .  I  i  '-im-mlif  r  \\  In  n  lai  nifi  -  \\  mi  ]i|  i  r.iilf 
a  Im-h'-l  "I  i'"'li  !nr  li\f  ipiiul-  "!  uli!->!\\.  rui'l  llu->  \\a>  a>  i  H-I  i  --^a :  \  !•'! 
1 1  a  i '  \  f  - 1  , ;  -  p  1 1 '  \  i  - ; "  1 1  - . 

In  MM     I. ill  "i    l-_'i.  'In-    I'M-!    'j,'  nt-ial    mn^ii-i    nt    ih"    m::i;i.i    In.ik    t.'.a.  .•   a! 


F"M  Seneca.  The  te-imeiit  iiuiiilicn-il  about  KIU  men.  under  (Jen.  Kiunle\ 
an  I  ('u!.  .1.  P..  Coo|e\.  \\lin  leathered  t'rmii  over  tlic  coiintn  liet  ween  ( 'old 
•  •{•••I  k  and  'l'\  m»chlee.  n i;m \  IKI\  in1.;  In  cam 1 1  mil  in  order  to  reach  the  i'ort  in 
time. 

A  considerable  trade  wa-  carried  <>n  between  ihe  southern  portion  of  Hie 
-late,  a  Her  the  close  of  l  lie  \\  a r  of  1  ^li".  and  I  .ow  er  SandusKv  and  Saiiduskx 
(  it  \ .  Te;im-->  came  loaded  \\  il  li  I  lour,  liaeon  and  w  hi,-k\ .  and  rel  nrned  \\  it  li 
li-h  or  nicrc-liant  uooils.  which  were  sold  at  I'rbana.  SprinuTield  and  Da\ton. 

The  li.dian  trilies  IP  re  ai  llie  time  of  (lie  fust  settlement  l'\  the  whites. 
\\  ei  c  l  lie  Seiieca.s.  <  'a  \  n  L;';  i-.  Mo)ia\\  K-  and  (  Mieidas.  The  Senecas  t  he  most 
numerous  and  (  a\uua-  occupied  the  lower  part,  and  the  (  Ineidas  and 
M"ha  w  k-  the  upper  part  ol  the  IOCIA  at  ion.  w  liieh  \\  as  nine  miles  north  and 
Mintli.  and  -ix  miles  ea-t  and  w»  >t.  on  the  east  side  of  the  Sandiiskx  ri\er. 
The  land  was  held  in  joint  stock,  and  each  had  the  privilege  of  making 
imp! 'o\  eiiient-.  as  he  \\  i-hed. 

The\  numbered  several  hundred,  and  were  not  liad  in  general  character. 
Inn  irii'iidl)  and  Kind  when  well  treated  and  not  maddened  h\  whisK>.  for 
wliidi  l  lie\  had  a  >t  i  oim-  passion.  I  have  know  n  them  to  offer  two  or  three 
dollar-'  w  ort  h  of  ^ood-  lor  a  quart  of  w  hisK\ :  and.  w  hen  intoxicated,  would 
irivi- aiis  tliinir  tli»'\  po-sessed  for  it. 

The\  depended  !arv.'el\  upon  huntiiiu'  for  subsistence,  in  which,  when 
childi  cii^;lie\  commenced  1>\  -hootinu'  tish  and  small  yame  with  the  Imw. 

M"-t  of  ilie  Indians  and  Mpiaws  culti\ated  each  a  small  piece  of  land. 
\ar\iim'  from  a  half  to  two  acre-,  which  the\  formerly  did  with  a  hoe:  but 
-eeimr  U>  use  the  p|o\\.  and  the  amount  of  labor  saved  thereliv  .  they  con- 
cluded to  al  'an  do  n  t  lie  custom  i  if  l  heir  fathers.  Seeing  two  Indians  iilowiiiL 
on  the  oppo-ite  side  of  the  ri\  er  i  uic  da\ .  I  crossed  o\  erand  d  isei  >\  ered  I  hem 
u<  'in-  t  he  \\  i  .MI-  u  a\  o\  er  tlie  land  .  t  h  rowing  the  I'niTows  in.  and  next  time 
runniiiLr  in-ide  o|  i:.  and  then  another,  \\liich  the\  thoii^hl  ver\  \\ell.  until 
I  tui'ii"d  them  'he  other  \\,i\.  and  iravc  a  little  iiislriietimi.  \.iiich  the\ 

!  !i  .  nk  !  i.  i  !\  reeei'.ed.  The\  raised  a  -ofl  col'll.  \\llich  tiie\  pollllded  into 
ni'  •,!  i  and  'i-i'd  to  ;  liiekcn  soup. 

The\  !';i':  much  idle   time,  which  tl1(.«,   ;l||  Jikiil      the   children    -pending    it 
;(:,-.  Mi-  old  p  -"p!e  -in  ikinu'  from  jlic  pi|>e-  made  in  ihe  head-  of  the 
!.iii-i. ;!•!••  handle  lora  -n  m.      'l'he\   -nioKed   the  Mimac 
;•'.'•!  •:',"\  jioui.deii.  w  hicli  Li'iJ\  e  a  pica  -ant  odor. 

I":.'    ••  "•     L;  I  sid  :;ui-  had  a  |o\  e  for  -port-.     Their  ehii-i    summer  -a me  w  as 

a    -  ;  1 1 1 1 1  -    :ii    \\liici;    1 1  i  i    o  l    twelve    t  o  a  >i  d  e    e  1 1  ^'a  'Jed  .  1 1 1  e    L'  l'(  >  u  1 1  d    1  ie  i  1 1 1; 

lll.lll-ed     i. II      in     a     -pace    i.1'     a!  <>iil     -ixt\      1'od-.    tile    center    of    \\hicll     \\as    the 

plau-r    had    a     -taff    some    l'l\e    t'eet     li-nu'.    with    a    lio\>, 

I  d  1 1  e  o  1 1  i  •  1 1  e  i  •  n  d .  w  i ;  1 1  \\  h  i  e  1 1  '  1 1  I  ia  n<  1 1 1  •   the  1  \;\  1 1 .  a  -  n  o  o  u  e  w  ,  i  - 

i:    ii    \\  ii  h    hi-   hand-.       \  '    1 1  ie  com  men  cement .  t  he  bal  I    w  a- 

ceiitel     and      placed      lie]  W  t  en     t  Wo    o]'     the    -tafl-.    each     plllllliu 
•t.         Then     the     -trite     he-ail     to    u,'et     the    hall     l»e\o||d     the 

'•  •     the  -iicci  --  in  w  I  HI  h   counted  one  for  the  \ictor.  when 

'.'.  a-  :.i  !•,••!  i  \*<  I  he  i-t  nti-l    a  u.i  ill  and  a   new   conle-1   he -'an.      'I' he  -iplaw  - 

•Ide:      hi  con-t  it  nted  th.e  w  it  lie--e-  to  1  he>e    -poi't-.  and  added   /e-t 


a  l>lank--t  on  the  jee  and    lump  ov  ei   ;i  \v  ;!h   -.k.it  -x  nil.  t  r>  inur  t<>  »-\«  «•!  in    the 

distance  in. i  ic  li.-\  <  in  i . 

A  linl  her  favorite  s]io|t  \\  ,1--  1<  i  I  ii !  n\\  ii|i»n  lln-  >!i(i;\  .  l<  >  t  UM  til-'  pirates! 
distance,  snow  snakes  made  i'l  hickorv  wood,  about  live  fret  lonu'.  <  me  ami 
one-halt  inches  \\  iilc.  i iiir  inch  t hick .  i  inm-d  ii|>  at  the  point  like  a  snake's 
In-ail .  ami  painted  Nark. 

Tli>'  Mohaw  ks  ami  <  >m-idas  had  some  \  ei  v  \\i-ll  educated  pro  pi.-,  ami  im>st 
nl'  their  tribes  could  read  ami  write.  Thev  hail  religions  services  everv 
>abbalh  in  the  t'tinii  of  tin-  (  'lunch  of  Knu'laml.  held  hv  a  minisiei  of  theii 
own  tribe.  Thev  were  .•\cfllriit  sim_'ei  s.  ami  often  allrartril  ihr  \vliilrs  In 
tlifir  ivliyioiis  exeivises,  \\  hii-h  plrax-il  i  licm  \  n  \  hi^hh  . 

The   Srlirra>  and   <    a\  !lL,ra--   U  fir    inn  re     ilirlilieil     ti  >    adhel  r   ti  i  1  lie  rll^lnln  1 1 1 

their  Idret'al  hei  ^.  The\  held  iii  reverence  man\  urailieri  m_rv  The  irreen 
curii  clam-e  \sa^  pruniiiieiit  aim'iiL:  ihrin.  lnit  thai  imiM  \\iiilh\  «\  nnle  \\a~- 

Ihe    dn-     daiiee.       Tlli>\\a>    the     u'l'eal     daiiee.     \\hieli     tnuk     place    almllt     Illld- 
\\  inter,  and   la-lrd    three  da>^.  at    the  rinse  of    \\  hiell   the)    lilirilt    their  d.-u's. 
(•n-at     preparation^    \\eiv    made    tor    thi>    t'estj\al.       l'ro\  isjoiis    in    ^reat 

;ilnilidailee  U  el'e  en  Her  ted  to  rolist  i  t  lit  e  a  coin  |||o||  slo|v.  t'loln  \\  hirli  all  \\  ele 
ted.  The  tuo  do'^s  \\ere  selected,  olteli.  inoliths  in  ad\alire.  \\ell  t'ei|  ami 
made  | at.  The\  \\  en-  as  near  alike  as  possible,  ami  u  liite.  u  ith  >  ellou  spots. 
When  the  time  for  the  festival  arrived,  the  do^s  urn-  killed  Inn  in  uliat 
\\  a  \  I  never  learned  vsashed  dean  as  possjl.le.  trimim-d  v\itli  pink'  ril'lions 
al'oin  the  neck,  eacli  le-  and  foot,  and  aUml  the  tail.  Alter  the  hairs  over 

the    entire     liodv      VVi-l'r    carel'llllv      s|||oot|ied     douii.thev     Uele     llllllLT   lip   I>V    the 

neck    'o    the    arm    of  a    post,    similar    to  a    ^i^n    po-i.    \\here   Ihev    remained 

!  hi  '<il  |'_;h    the   sr|  \  ires. 

I'hr  daiirr  v\  a  s  lii-ld  at  the  coimrj  |-|M  >i|se.  which  vsas  liiiilt  o|  lo^'s.  alioiit 
I  \\  i-llt  \  feel  v\  ii|e  and  sr  V  e  1 1 1  \  -li  V  e  feel  lo|  IL;  .  \\  i  1  h  t  1 1  rrr  1  io|r-  i  n  1  I  ir  root  Io 
allow  1  he  smoke  to  esra|ir.  At  these  places  |i  res  \\  e]v  kept  1  H  |  n  1 1 II  L;  d  !l  ri  HIT 
1  he  season  .  ov  el  V,  h  ich  VV  e|  r  s||s|ir||dei  I  hrass  krt  t  les  contain  illU  pl'o\  |sji  ills. 

\  ;   t  !iis  i  inir .  -,',  i  .•!;:;•  as  \\  as  their  a|>pet  ite  for  w  hisk  \  .  none  was  al'o\\  ed  <>n 
lln1  premises,  ai.d  anv    intoxicated  person  appearing:   was  -cni  oil    at  once. 
A  ' !  1 1 1  im_:-  I  '<  i  IIL;  i  ead  v  .  1  heir  w  ai  dance    lie^aii .  \v  liii'h   \\  as    part  icj  |>a  ted  in 

l'\     liolie    l,nt     those    lit     l.i|     the    selV  jce  of    the   wan  iol's.        I'.llic  Jacket    led     the 

liaml.       Kach    . lamer    carried  a  \\ar-clnli    in    his    ri^hl    hand,  and    had    liecl  to 
each   !r-  a  string  of    deer  hoofs,  w  hidi   rallied  at   everv    step.      The  olijeel    v\;;s 
to  assjsi   in  keeping   time  to  the    in  n  sic.  which   consisted   o|    an    Indian    sinu 
son  u'.  and    i  he    I  ieai  i  m_:    w  it  li  a  st  ick   on  a  drv    skin    M  i  -etc  lied   <  >\  ei    a   homin  v 

lilock. 

\\  hen  lh'-  miisie  comiiieiii  ed .  Him-  .l.n  kd  woiiKI  step  out  and  walkaiound 
the  lire.  e\erlinu'  him-eli  to  displav  s»i|in-  warriors'  exploits.  About  thi 
s'-,'ond  round,  othi-is  \\oiild  fall  in.  and  continue  until  the  rim.;  around  tin 
I  in  u  as  t  nil.  all  im>\  i  n_;  w  :i  h  1  In-  i  i  laces  tow  ard  t  he  tire,  until  t  he\  came  t. 
some  change  in  the  nni^ic.  v\ln-n  tht-v  \voiild  turn  lln-n  lace-  outward,  and 

.  I !     .  i  1 1  o  I  h  c  ]     e  h  .  I  I  i  •_;  e    I  i  a  i  I    in    single    1  i  1  e  .  .  I  I  1    1  I  I  e   W  I :  !  I  e    k  e  i    pill:,'    1  1  I  m  •    to    1  I  i  e  m  1 1  s  I  e 

\\hile  the  Indian-  \\i-n-  thus  enu^i'jed .  1  lie  -'|iia\\-  loimed  another  riii'j 
around  another  life,  but  mo\  ed  \i-\-\  -]o\\  .  T!ic\  woiiM  tip  on  then  heels 
ind  'oes.  alteinatelv.  and  '-m|ea\o|ed  to  move  \\illi  the  musjc. 

\I    Illeal     tlllle    .ill     \sele     sealed    \\ltil    Woodi'll     bowls     and     ladles,    whell     Ihev 


were  sei\ed  li\  those  appointed,  until  all  were  satisfied.  Then  all  wore 
c|uieil\  a  uailhiL;  I  lie  next  scene  Si  mi,  a  nun  Mi  ML;'  noise  \sas  lit -a  I'd  at  the 
door  in  HIM-  cud  ni'  tin-  house.  This  startled  the  si|iia\\s  ami  children,  \vliu 
then  ran  '«<  the  ether  end  of  the  house  Then  the  dun]-  lieu  open,  and  an 
Indian  came  in.  dressed  in  !>ear  >l\in.  and  skins  of  some  other  animals,  lie 
u  ore  a  lalse  face,  and  rarr\  ini: a  di  \  t  ni't  le  shell  tilled  \\  it  h  stones,  he  would 
ihrou  that  alioiit.  This,  added  to  his  low.  growling  voice,  and  menacing 
u  a\  s  u  it  1 1  hi-'  head,  made  a  fright  fnl  object.  Almost  immediately  thereafter 
the  door  at  the  other  end  of  the  house  would  open  and  a  similar  character 
enter,  and  soon  another  drop  from  the  roof.  \\  ho.  striking  his  hands,  pro- 
ceeded to  throu  li\e  coals  and  emliers  in  e\er\  direction  among  the  rushing 
ci'o\\d.  After  thi>  performance  these  demons,  as  the\  were  represented  to 
lie.  contested  in  a  fool  race.  At  the  end  of  the  third  da\  they  burnt  the 
i  logs. 

Although  much  mirth  \\as  indulu'ed  in.  there  was  a  soil  of  solemnit) 
maintained  throughout  the  entire  services. 

Si )  tar.  Mr.  1  >um<  md.  Although  Mr.  I  Mimond  liad  not  tlu-  advantages 
"t  an  fd  IK  at  ion.  h.n  in^  spent  his  1  n  >\  lux  >d  das  s  on  a  farm,  and  in  the 
torot.  ii  mii^t  be  admitted  that  his  recollections  of  early  days  are  set 
torth  in  a  <  lear  and  interest  ing  st\'le. 

The  people  ot  Seneca  count)  will,  in  all  linman  probability.  ne\  ei' 
ha\e  .in  opportunity  to  uitne»  scenes  of  a  like  character,  and  the 
(  ount\  lieii\u  named  alter  these  .--ava^es.  a  tnrther  relation  ol  inciilents 
i  onnei  led  with  their  >ta\  on  the  reservation  will  not  lie  deemed  out  ol 
plai  e  here.  The  following  is  taken  from  llultert'ield's  history,  who 
i  opied  ifom  1 1  •  .'•  '  i  '.- ' , T,!/ 

M'Me  than  half  of  the  present  tounship  of  Adams,  and  so  much  of 
1  Measanl  to\\  uship  a>  lies  east  .,f  the  Saiidlisk\  ]'i\ IT.  togelher  with  a  portion 
"i  Clinton  and  Scijiio  to\\n>hi|is.  formerh  lie|oir^e«l  to  the  Seneca  Indians. 
1  '-ill  as  \\  e  have  •_;•]  \  en  ,i  •_;'  ML;I  aph  ieal  deseri  p!  ion  of  mosi  n|  \\  hat  u  as  their 
-:i'anl  ••!  land.  \M-  proei-cd  t>,  a  more  minute  account  of  thai  nation,  and  \\  e 
can  i",;  I, ,•;;,•)  introduce  this  siflijeei  Mian  \>\  u'i \inu  the  t'ollou  ing.  from  the 

-crap  ! h  of  >a m Del  (   rou  ell.  ot    I.o\\  er  Saiidn^k  \  .  \\  hidi  \\  as  pnlilished  in 

the    s  ,/.,.   ,      |       ,     ,     m    |s(|.;i>   n    rdates  some   interest  jnu'  facts   relative   to 
this    ii.it;-  iilarlx.    a>    il     describes    their    famous    chief.     "Ilaid 

Iliekor;. ."     -s.i 

I      •    ^       ccas  \\  ho  roamed  t  liese  \\  ilds 

In  . ;  _• .    -   loi  e_i    i  i  ,    iloue. 
\    •    1 10  :  i  !i  I  he  chase. 

I 

I     •  . 

\'  i  >  ed. 

I'l  l-'.i!  e\      left     ill     peace. 


(  )n  tin-  lir-t  <la\  i  •!'  |-Vl.ni.ir>  .  -nine  l'"iirt"en  \ear-  a  •_'«•.  I  uitiie--,,-,!  an 
iiiteiv-1  iir.r  .  aii-l  In  inc.  .1  ii"\  •  1.  rei>u'i>'ii-  •  ••  i-i-mmix  ..]'  the  >>.  m-ra  trine-*,,!' 
Indian-.  then  •  icciip\  inur  tin-  pi'llmn  "t  I'-tT!t"i\  imu  i  i  imp!  i  -i  n  _'  a  pal  1  "1 
Seiiera  and  -vimln-kv  '  -"i  i  lit  ]'•-.<  >h  i".  fain;'  iarl\  kimu  n  in  !  In-  i  ii  habitant  -  ••!' 
thi>  re'_'jiin  a-  llif  "-eiieea  Ke-ei  \  al  inn. 

The  far!  that  thi-  natmn  had  receiith  ceded  tin-  iv-ei\e  t"  tin-  1'mted 
States,  and  uere  ahull!  I"  cmiiiiieiiinrate.  I"!'  Iln-  l.i-t  tinii-  in  tin-  i-Minitix. 
tlii-  annual  tV-t  i\  al.  |ii'f\  ii  >n>  t.  >  \  \\<-\  r  i-ini'jrat  inn  1"  t  In-  It"<'l\\  ini'iiiitaili-. 
i-ont  riliiiti-il  nut  a  little  IM  ;n|.|  t<>  i:  an  nnn-iial  <li-^ri-i-  "t  intt-rc^t. 

'!'<•  tliH-i-  ai-nnaintfil  \\  ith  the  i-liararli-ri-tii-s  ut'  the  iv.|  men.  n  i-  iiiiin-c«--- 
-ai'\  t«»  M-ntark  that  there  i-  a  re-en  eilne--  attadieil  i..  them.  |>e«-iiliarl\  their 
<>uii:  luit  e-|>eeiall>.  uheii  al'iHit  in  relelirate  thi-  annual  I'e-t  i\  al.  the\  -f«-in. 
-M>  tar.  at  l«-,i>|.a-  the  pale-l'aee-  are  emieerne.1.  t.  .  -hr"ii<l  tlieii-  ile-i^n  in 

!lll|>e||et  I'al  lie  >ee|'ei'\  . 

Ami  the  t'e-I  i\al  nt'  \\hieh  I  n»\\  -|'eal\  nii^hl  ha\e  lieeii.  a-  man  >  nther- 
n!  a  -i  i  ii  i  la  r  i  -ha  racier  \\  ere.  o!i-er\  e«l  li\  t  liem-el\  e-  u  it  h  ilne  -I'leinnit  >  .  anii 

Willintlt  the  kll'tU  leillie  "!'  i  III  el't'el'eliee  iif  their  \\hite  I  lei'^ll  1  »  •!'-.  1  il  1  1  that 
the  i,reliel'al  |>ii\  el't  \  ami  1'eckll1--  illlprn\  iilflice  lit'  t  he  >el|era^  \\  el  e  |>1"\  erlij.ll. 
anil  tl|ii-e  Uel'e  the  e;ill-e.-  ulijch  auakelieil  the  -ll-|  ijc  i<  •[(  -  "f  the  i  hi  1  1  1  i-it  i  \  e 
Yailker>. 

In  nriier.  theiel'iire.  that  the  a|i|>r<>ai-hiir-:  l'e-ti\.il.  a-  it  \\a-  inteniled  in  IK- 
t  he  la.-t  nl'  thn-f  uli>er\ancf-  here,  ^.hdiilil  nut  hc-k  in  an\  ;hiin.r  neer—  ai  •>  !•• 
make  it  ini|Hi>iii^.  ainl  impi'e->  a  |ie!'inanent  I'ecnllect  inn  »\  >aii'ln-k>  "ii  the 
iniinl>iil'  their  ri-inur  race,  iin  etti'il  ua-  -pared,  ami  in>  taliuue  regarded. 
thai  U"iild  tend  t"  |irnimite  ihi-  object.  Tim-.  I'm-  -mne  time  pi'e\  imi-  t.i 
'he  pcriml  >it  \\hich  I  am  nn\\  >peal\iiiL;.  li\  the  inn  riiiiL:'  aim  "t  the  *-eiieca 
1  1  lie.  the  antler-.  \\  ith  the  In  id  \  .•!'  i  nan  \  a  tall  and  -tatel>  Imck.  1'eli  pm-lrate. 
And  in  crnud-  the  Indian-  m>\\  came  inin  I.i.\\,-r  ^andn-k;.  .  uith  their 
\eiii-i>ii  and  their  -kin-:  and  the  -ipiau-.  \\ith  thei;-  painted  li.t-ket-  and 
mncca-in-.  nut.  a-  heretnl'iire.  tn  hartci  t'nr  nece--arie-.  \<\i\  chielh  l^r 
1  1  1  1  1  a  1  1  1  e  n  !  -  . 


The  principal  headmen,  i  u-  chic!'-,  u  ere  I  ,uud    1  1  n  liter.  I  la'  d    1  1  :ck,ir\  and 

'I'al!     Clliel'.        Tliel-e     Uel'e    al-n     -mile    "-Illi."    nl"    halt    '   ll!''!-:    anii'l"_'     !hn-e    nl 

;  he  latter  rank  .  1  'n-n  iamin  I  .  \\'a  rm-r.  a  \\  h  iie.  i  .1-  hal  t  -1  iri-ed.  had  ci  in-idera'nie 

illllllelice. 

'i'h  i-    U  a  rnei     u  a-  a  \\  h  ile    man  .  and    had    pi  e\  i.  i;i-!\    1  •'  •  n  a  ii  i  email    <  >\;    a 

-tea  111!  "'a!    that    piled    lie!  U  cell    I',  !  I  !  la  !  ii   alld    I  ,ree|  I    |',a\  .        (  111   i  'lie   iif    iheiln\\  II- 

A  aid  t  rip-   he    pi  •]  -i  lad  ed  an   Indian  unman  u  In  i  u  a-  t  ra\  .  -lin^'  t"   N  ••  \\    ^  •  >i  'K 

!n     elnpe     \\  i  t  h     111!!!.        The\     eallie   til   t  he     ^elli'i  a     lial  inli   and     U  e  !"•     ad'  'pled    i'\ 

:  hem  . 

In  tin-.  ,.  -  :  n  i  it  her  nal  ii  MI-.  ci  \  i  li/ed  a-  \(.  <•'.  ' 
I1'1  -i  \eral  ni'  n  nl  apparent  eipial  :ank.  \<-\  th 
i  'V  .n  I  itii  ia  I  i  '!•  nni\  ei  -a!l\  ai-k  ii"U  iedued  •  i  '.,  n 
'  h  i  •  1  1  1  -  1  i  n  i  i  -  1  1  1  !  h  ••  1  1  a  t  i  i  •  n  .  a  1  1  1  1  -  n  i  •  h  .  a  n  i  n  n  :  ' 

And   \t  ;    :|!t'\    killed   him    t',.!    i..|,!,inj   ;h,  n 
\  i    i  HI  ii:. 
And.  a-    in    i!" 


than  defined.  h\  \\hicli  inst incti\e]\ .  as  it  were,  we  tind  in  the  bosom  of 
another  a  response  to  our  own  feelings.  So.  in  the  present  case,  this  noble 
Iinliaii  snnn  discovered  in  tlie  late  Obed  Dickinson,  a  merchant  of  Lower 
Sandiisk\ .  a  neueroiis.  confiding  and  elevated  mind,  whose  honorable  vibra- 
ti ons  beat  in  unison  \\  it li  his  ou  n. 

(This  Mr.  Dickinson  uas  the  brotlierot'  tlie  Hon.  Hndo||ihiis  Dickinson. 
and  uncle  ol'  the  present  .Finite  Dickinson,  ot'  Fremont.] 

TII  Mi.  I  >ickinson.  therefore,  lie  made  known  the  time  when  they  would 
celebrate  their  festival.  b\  sacrificing  their  dogs,  etc..  and  cordially  invited 
him  to  attend  as  a  guest,  and.  if  so  disposed,  to  bring  a  friend  with  him. 

Correct  1\  supposing  that  I  never  had  an  opportunity  of  witnessing  this 
religious  rile.  Mr.  I).  kindl)  reijiiested  me  to  accompany  him  to  their  council 
house,  on  i.rcen  creek,  in  that  part  of  this  county  included  in  the  present 
tounship  of  (ireeii  Creek.  On  giving  me  the  invitation.  Mr.  I),  remarked 
that  b\  taking  a  present  in  our  hand,  we  should  probably  be  made  the  more 
welcome:  in  accordance,  therefore,  with  this  suggestion,  we  took  with  us  a 
•  plant  it\  of  loaf  sugar  and  tobacco. 

Il  uas  some  time  in  the  afternoon  when  we  arrived,  and  immediately 
thereafter  we  were  ushered  into  the  council  house,  with  demonstrations  of 
public  jo\  and  marked  respect. 

AS  soon  as  sealed,  we  gave  our  i»resents  to  Hard  Hickory,  who.  rising, 
held  line  of  them  up.  and  pointing  to  Mr.  D..  addressed  the  Indians  in  an 
audible  \oice.  iii  their  own  tongue:  then  liolding  up  the  other,  he  pointed  to 
me.  repeating  to  them  \\hat  he  had  before  said.  This  done,  he  turned  to  us 
and  said :  "  Ynu  sta>  here  as  long  as  yon  want:  nobody  hurt  you."  Con  tiding 
in  the  assurance  of  this  chief.  I  hung  up  m\  valise,  in  which  were  some 
important  papers,  for  I  ua>  then  on  m\  wa>  further  east,  attending  to  m\ 
nilicial  duties  as  sheriff  nf  this  count  \ .  and  felt  perfectly  at  home. 

To  the  inhabitant--  of  this  section  nf  ()hio  a  minute  descriiil  ion  of  the 
council  house  \\onld  in-  deemed  uiiuecessan  .  Sullice  it  to  sa>.  that  its 
dimensions  'A,  I.,  perhaps  >ixt\  b\  t  went  >  -live  feet:  a  lire-place  in  the  center, 
and  '•nrres]Mindii)i;  t  IH-IVU  it  h.  a:i  apeil  nrc  was  left  in  the  roof  for  the  smoke 
in  ascend. 

Contiguous  HI  the  lire-place  u »  re  two  upright  posts,  to  \\hieh  a  board 
Iniirteen  or  liiteen  indies  bi'oad  \\;is  lirml\  fastened,  and  o\er  this  board  the 
skin  n|  a  deei  was  stretch'-d  \er\  liu'ht.  ( )n  a  seat  near  b\  this  board  sat  a 
1'lind  Indian  \\  it  1:  a  uminl  in  his  ha  ml.  in  u  hidi  u  ere  I  iea  us  or  corn.  With 
this  lie  heat  time  fnr  the  dancers.  Smdi  uas  the  musician,  and  such  tlie 

IIHIsji-. 

1  lie  da nr  MIL''  ha: I  i  o| nme need   pre\inus  to  our  arrival,  and  u  as  continued. 

"ti  little  inii  'imi-sion .  for  several   siiccessixc   da\s  and    nights.      An  effort 

'">    me    in  dt  sefjlie    their    luaiiiier  nt   danciim    \\oiiNI    be    fruitless.      I    have 

''"--'•'I    'laii.-inLr    asscndilie.s    in    pnjuiloiis   cities  of    the    cast,  among    the 

i  '••:.  m  '  i  <•''. '  ">  s  o|    ,.  i.-ict  \  .  1  MI!  ha\  iiiL.r  --ecu  not  hi  ML;'  like  this.  I  must  t  he  re  fore 

p: '  if'iiif.  i-  i:  ...      ;,,,.,;...      |  \\as   si  ]  oiiLi'l>    solicited    b\   some  of  1  he  chiefs  to 

mute    '  l.i  'M  MI  the  dance:    I.  however,  declined   the  intended   honor,  but 

11   ''ii''   i>!     tin-in    m\    cane,  as  a    pn>\>.   \\ilh    \\hich    he   seemed    much 

:'ii.  1 1       ^i".  i  ia|  ot    1  in  ir  u  hite  neighbors,  hnth  male  and  female,  entered 


s  VMI  i  i    i  k<  >u  i  i  I   >   i  i  >\  i  kii:i  1 1<  >\.  i    i 

I'll  -IV   \\  .Is.  i>!l   t  his  ni-rasinli.   a   spliMldid    ilispla)    tif    nriialmMlt  .       Thus,     u  I  in 

li,i\  ••  s--f  n  I  lit-   nifinlici  >  1 1 1    ;i  i -I'll,  i  in   sin-jet  \  .  iii  t  lii-ii   n  ii  >st    pros) ici  nils  il.i\  -> 
ma  i  ch  in  |  >i  ni  -t-ss  j  i  in  in  In  in  "i'  i  >I  I  In- 11  pat  i  i>n  sainl .  di'i-iiralrd  u  il  h  tin-  l<.nl-_-.  - 
and    insignia   i'l    tln-ii    n|,|t-!.    m.i\    ha\f    --nun-    mm-i-pl  ii>n    id   tin-   div-s    .IIH! 

nril.lllliMll.il   dffi  il'.ll  ii>ll   n|     Ihi's-   ht-ad    im-ll    \\hlli-  f|ILM--.''-d    III    ill''  il.lll'-f. 

I    uitl   s.-l.Tl    ••/',."/„    /•.'    /•-,.''  Th.-ii    d.iflm.  as   In-    \\as  i-;iil.-.l.  un'f 

\  ••!  \  1mm  Hail  .  .IIP  I  !  i  •  'in  I  In-  nap.-  »:  his  m-f  k  !< '  \  ]>••  \  >•  I  MM  n.i  i  i.  i|i  ••[  h:-  ,.././.  . 
t  IHMV  \\  as  a  miit  inimiis  liin- <>!  pM-frsnl  si|\i-i  lh'-  nppfi  urn  l.«-:ii_'  !.!!•_;,• 
In. in  a  dnilar.  aii  I  Mi--  |H\\I-!  "ii"  U->^  lli.in  a  hail  ihiiii-. 

>i  iiiii-  i  >t    i  In-  MII  '!  '•  i  u!  !•:  ".<  'i    I  if  I  ian>  \\  i-i  i-  --!  iii-U  n\  t-!   \\  il  h  i'.iu  I  i|i-->  a  IM!  Imiij 
rmiliil     \villi    ^'I'lirj^.      Manx    nl     lh--in     Un|f    --mill    ln-11^    IH-I|     armiini    lln-| 
a  ii  kit--;   a  n<  I  t  Im-i-  \\  Im  i-nuitl  ii"l  all  "i- 1  i-rlU  lia-l  <lciM  -In  M  it  ^   in  |i|a<->   tli«-n-i.r. 
'1'ln-M-  ina'li-  a    i  HILT!  1 11-4  ><  iii  i  pi  a->  1  ln-\    put  i|i  iu  n  1  ln-n    |i-i-i   in  i  hi-  ilaiii-f. 

Tin-  ->i|iia\\>.  al^H.  i-\lnliiii-i|  1  hrin^rh  c-  \«  tin-  In-M  a-l\anl  mi-.  ^i-\i-ial  n! 
!  iiriii  \\  i-ic  -plriii|nll\  atlin-il  ami  ili-i-malfil.  Tlicir  ilro^o  \\  (•!••  i  hn-lh  n! 

--ilk.nl     \aii"ll-i    ci  'Ii  T--.   ami     >n]ni-     \\rli-nt     Lr"i)i|.    i'1'l    l'a^hl''tl'-il    i|lli-i-||>-U'!  a\  . 

Th  CM-  1 1 1  -i  •-.->(•>  \\  i-n-  in  •!  "i- ni ."  a^  i  iiir  lair  brllr-*  \\  i  mM  ^a\  .  •*  '•>  mm  /<  .  Im! 
ihcs  \\i-!'r  nil  aii'l  in  K|I-  atlri  tiicir  n\\ii  ta^himi:  that  i-.  nut  --«>  K'lrj;  a-  in 
'•iHirral  iln-  >rarli-l  litisi-.  ilicii'  ankles,  llicir  small  |Vri .  i>r  ilifir  innrra^iii*. 
uhii-li  uiM'i-  sii  iii'_'i-ninii>ls  licailfil  ainl  inaniitai-i  ui  nl  h\  lln-ii  n\\  n  nli\»- 
liamls. 

Nni  nin>t  I  nniit  --axinu'  lliat  tin-  prnpi'ictv  ami  i-mn-ri  i|i-nii-.iimi  <>\  tin- 
Indian^,  aii'l  ihr  inm|f»l  i|c)mrt  im-nt  nt  tin-  ^i|iia\\-.  im-rili-'i  Ihi-  h  :i,rlii-->t 
rnniiiifmlat  inn. 

At  tin-  cniiiintMii'iMMiMil  nl  cai-h  ilam-r.  iir.  in  Imn-nu  mir  ii\\  n  phra>rn|(iLj\  . 
i-ai'h  ••>!•!  -ilani'c."  a  chii-t  lii>l  rn-^r  ami  ln-iran  In  --inu  tin-  \snri!  "Yah-IIn- 
\\ 'ali !"  \\  1 1  h  >!'  i\\ .  >niiormis  ami  >t  r>  MIL:'  ^s  Hal  ii<-  rinpha-M^.  k'-'-pinu  t  inn-  \\  it  h 
hi--  tccl .  aii'l  a'l\  am-iii'_;  muml  tin-  IK  m^r:  <\  ii'i-i-t  1\  am--r  a  in  >1  ln-r.  a  in  I  i  In-n.  in 
ivirular  siircfs^itiii.  niic  at'li-i  aiinllnM'.  ri^ini:  ami  ^111^1111:  tin-  --aim-  \\nnl.  anil 
tailing  in  tin-  n-ai.  until  all  tin-  Indian-^  liad  inim-d  in  lln-  dam-,-.  \i-\t.  tin- 
•-ipiau  ->.  at  a  rc-pi-rtt'iil  d  istam-r  in  the  rra  r.  in  l  In-  --aim-  nianm-]  .  \<\  --i-nin!  it  \  . 
i  nsf  and  iin  ib-d  in  tin-  --HHL;  and  dance. 

N  "\\  t  hr  ->tcp  \\  as  ipiirkiM'  and  t  In-  prniiiun'ial  inn  mm-i-  rapid  all  MIILM  IIL: 
and  all  dam-in^,  \\hilr  .liin.  lln-  I'lind  iiiiisii-ian.  stnn-k  haidi-r  and  la-ti-r 
^\  ilh  Ids  'j-niird  nn  t  hr  iimli f-<->fd  dnM'-^k  in :  I  h  M--  1  h<-\  < •<  >n  l  i  nm-d  .  1  In-  --.11111-. 
In)  imTf  than  an  hniir.  uithmit  rc--^al  inn. 

Tilt-  Indian  lm\«,  \\  hn  did  Iml  i'Mn  in  tin-  dam-f.  ,iln:l--i-d  1  i  K-III^'-!  \  ••--  tin- 
UK -an  \\  1 1 1  If.  d  i-M-hai  u  l  IIL;  hf  a\  i  l\  Ii  >adf  d  in  u^ki-1  >  !  i  1 1  "ii-jh  tin-  apf !  1  u:  •  in  1  In- 
i  ni  >| .  l  hr  1 1-  \  i- 1  I  if  l  ii  iii^  '  't  \\  h  :i-h  \\  f !  "'•  alim>M  di-al'i-n  i  IIL;.  Tal\f  n  tn^rt  In- 1  .  !•' 
;  I  if  i-  \  f  and  ' -a  i  '  '1  a  -1 1  anui- 1  .  n  -.1-1-  UK-  d  I  i  l\f  a  I  rant  if  If --t  i\  it  \  . 

Tali  <  liifl.  \\lin  \\.i-  fiinlim-d  In  h  j -,  in-i|  \<\  ;nd  i>pi  i-i !  \>  'ii .  ti-ll  i!  ^.  •  inm-li 
h  1^  dill  \  In  in;  i;  iii  I  I  if  dam -I-  u  it  h  h  i>  p'-np'n- .  l  h.i :  In-  .if !  uall  \  if  1 1  hi^  1  n-d  . 
m  '1  \v  il  h-t  and  i  IIL;  it  \\a-~  mid  \\inti-i.  i-aim-  In  thf  i-niim-jl  Imii^f.  .UK!  innk 
p. ill  in  tin-  daii'-f  a--  innu  as  hi-  \\.i--  al'l'-  In  --land. 

\liniit  tin-   •' n   n!    ni-hl. "    Hard    llifknrv    iu\ilfd    Mi     I>    ;..    n  .  .- pi  ,.|    ., 

I  if  d  at  Iii--  i  i-sidf  iii-f .  T"  1  h  i  s  prn|msii  inn  \\  f  i  f  a>  hi\  .  is^i-nl  i  d .  I  Ii  n-  \\  •- 
\\t-n-  linspii.dils  piii\idi-d  I'm1,  and  inlfriaim-d  in  a  --i\l,  \\ha-li  \\c  Hull- 
.  nil  if  i  pal  i-  d  I'.  \  f  n  aiming  in.in\  "1  ,.1,1  \\  1 1 1  i .-  i  n  h.il  'i  1  in  I  -  .  a  ;  '  his  (-ai  i  \  da\  . 
a  c- 1 1  rl  .1 1  in- '  I  I  "•  d  v,  as  a  1 1 1  \  n  i  \  m  •;  •  <!  \  -n  <•  1 1  \>  >\  <••  I .  •>,  i-  h  \\  a  -  :  I  u-  i  ic  !  \\ .- 


occupied.  Shortly  after  our  arrival  at  the  house  of  this  rliii'f.  Mr.  1).  retired. 
Not  so  with  our  friendh  host  and  myself.  \\'liilc  sitting  near  a  clean  brick 
hearth,  het'ore  a  cheerl'ul  lire.  Hard  Hickory  unbosomed  himself  to  me 
unreser\edl> .  Mr.  \).  \\as  asleep,  and  the  chief  and  I  were  then  the  only 
per-on-  ill  tin-  bolide. 

|  lard  11  ickor\  .  amoiiLT  other  things,  told  me  it  was  o\\  \\\g  cliielly  to  him 
that  this  feast.  \\as  now  celebrated:  that  it  was  in  part  to  appease  the  an^or 
,,l  tli,.  (,ood  Spirit,  in  con-e<|uence  of  a  dream  he  Iatel\  had.  and  as  an 
explanation,  he  s,a\e  me  the  following  narration: 

••[[,.  dreamed  he  \\a>  lleeiim  from  an  eneni\ :  it  was.  he  supposed,  some- 
thing supernatural  perhaps  an  evil  spirit:  that  after  it  had  pursued  him  a 
IOIILT  time,  and  for  a  i^reat  distance,  and  even  effort  to  esca)>e  from  it  seemed 
impo--ihle.  a>  it  \\a-nou  at  hi-  heels,  and  lie  almost  exhausted.  At  this 
perilous  time  lie  >aw  a  laru'f  water,  to  which  he  made  with  all  his  remaining 
strength,  and  at  the\er\  in-tant .  \\  hen  he  (-.xpected  even  bound  to  be  his 
la-t .  he  beheld,  to  hi>  jo\  .  a  canoe  near  the  shore;  this  appeared  as  his  last 
hope:  breathless,  and  faint .  he  threw  himself  into  it.  and  that  moment,  of 
it--  own  accord.  t|iiick  a>  an  arrow  from  the  bow.  it  shot  from  the  shore, 
leaving  Ids  pursuer  behind." 

While  relating  this  circum>taiice  to  me.  which  he  did  with  earnestness, 
trepidation  and.  alarm  strongly  expressed  in  his  countenance,  he  took  from 
hi-  bosom  something  neatlv  and  careful!) enclosed  in  several  distinct  folds 
of  buck-kiii.  This  he  bewail  to  unroll.  la\in^  each  piece  by  itself,  and  on 
opening  the  last  there  wa-  enclosed  tliei'ein  a  miniatui'e  canoe. 

( )n  handiiiLT  it  to  me  to  look  at.  he  remarked  that  no  other  person,  save 
m\  self  and  lie.  had  ever  seen  it.  and  that  as  a  memento,  he  won  hi  wear  it  in 
his  bo-om  as  lon^  a-  he  lived. 

l!  \\a-a  piece  of  liu'lit  wood,  resembling  cork,  about  six  inches  long;  and. 
a-  it  wa-  intended,  so  it  was.  a  perfect  model  of  a  canoe. 

The  nielli  now  heini;  far  advanced,  he  pointed  to  the  bed  and  told  me  to 
sleep  there  but  that  he  must  iro  to  the  council  house  to  the  dance,  for  his 
people  would  not  like  it  if  he  \\  <  n  i  )i  1  st  a\  a  way  and  wishing  me  uood-uiuht , 
he  \\  ithdre\\ . 

So  t'ar.  Mr.  Crowd!.  Anotlu-r  eye-witness  of  this  last  sacred  ritual 
proceed-'  to  relate  the  ix-mainder  ot  that  ni^lit's  proceedings  at  the 
<  oiincil  In  )iise.  as  tolh  >\\  s: 

The  |ir>t  i  ilijeet  \\  hich  arrested  our  at  tent  ion  was  a  pair  of  do.ir.s.  male  and 
female.  >u>pi  ndeil  i.n  a  cross  one  on  each  side.  These  animals  had  been 
vlranirled  M"l  i1  bone  \\a>  liroken  nor  could  a  disarranged  hair  be  seen. 
Thi-\  uere  of  a  i'eantiful  cicain  i-olor.  c\repi  a  few  dark  spots  on  one 
iiat  ural  1  >  \\  iiii-h  -ani'-  -po|  •>  \\  ei  e  pi  it  on  I  he  ol  her.  a  i't  ilicial  I  \ .  b\  t  he  de\  - 
ntee-,.  Tin-  Indian- are  \cr>  pai'tial  in  tlie  -elect  ion  of  do^s  entirel\  white 
fo]  t  hi-  on -a -ion.  and  t'or  \\  h  ich  i  he\  \\  i  1 1  ^i  \  e  a  I  nio>l  any  pi' ice. 

N  i  iu  I  or  par!  of  ;  In-  decora  t  ions,  and  a  de-cript  ion  of  one  will  do  for  hot  h  : 
l-'ii  •-! .  a  -'-a  i  !H  ril'bon  \\  as  tastefidlv  lied  ju-i  abo\  e  I  he  nose,  and  near  the 
ey-.  another,  next,  around  the  neck  uas  a  \\hite  I'ililion.  to  \\hich  \\fre 
;:ttached  Mime  bulbs,  coneealeil  in  another  \\hite  ribbon:  this  was  }>Iaced 


ANi  i  1  MKk     At  i  i  U   N  I  .  jo  ; 

ditvrth  uml.T  tin-  rii^lit  >-ai.  ami  I  .suppose  it  \\a>  intrmle.I  as  an  amulet .  m 
rhar.ni.  Then  i  ihlnitis  u  i-iv  li»uml  ar<>uml  tin-  f<>i. •-!(••.>.  at  tin-  knees,  ami 
ii'-ar  tin-  feet.  Thes.-'ueiv  iv. I  and  whit.'.  alt'-mateh.  Aiouml  tin-  l»ul\ 
was  a  profuse  i  It- -oral  ion;  then  tin-  himl-le^s  u  .-iv  .lee.iralr.l  as  tin-  fo|-t  •- 1 .•;,'-«. 
Thus  u.-iv  tin-  \ietim.s  pivp.tivil.  ami  thus  01  iiaim-ntrtl.  t.>r  ;!if  Imriit- 
otYfrini:. 

While  iiiiimti-l)  mikin-_r  this  examination.  I  uas  almost  iim-oiis.-ioiis  <>\ 
tin-  eolleetion  i>l'  a  laru'.1  numl'.T  of  Indians,  u  ho  u.-ie  then  a-^-iulilfl  t" 
olf.-r  tlit-ir  s.i -rifiees.  Adja.-ent  to  t  In-  rn  iss  u  as  a  lai  _'••  I'm-  Imil!  mi  a  l'r\\ 
\«^.-:  aihl.  Ih'iii^h  th.-  >nn\\  \\a^  -M-NCIM!  ini'ln-^  i|i-»-|>.  i  h.-\  hail  |iri-|>ai'i'il  a 
siiMirii'iit  '|iiin;:!\  '>!  \\  "•  •  I.  I'fiii1  >\  fil  tli«-  -^!i"\\  HMIU  tin-  \»-^^  anil  pl.iccil 
tlici-fi.ii  tli-'i:  lin-.  I  h.i\f  nil. -n  r.-urri'tti"l  thai  I  ili.l  imi  >••••  lln-ni  liu'lit  tln> 
pile.  M  \  <  ipinii  in  i->.  l  ha!  1  lic\  .  I  ill  n.  >\  u^c  .  >\  .1  mar\  lii  c.  hut  •-!  rn.'k  liri-  \\  it  h 
a  siffl.  l!ii>  li  -in-_r  ilf.'inril  -ai-i'ril. 

l!  \\a-  ic-ai  in  'inin_r.  ami  th>-  ^1111  a!>'>m  ri>in^r.  \\h.-n  lln-  li:'lian>  -iiniilta- 
m-.Hi^h  1'iii'in  -'I  a  s^mi-rii'.-li1.  i-m'lusiir^  tin-  rr«i-,>.  t-arli  llank  ii-^!iiiur  "ii  Jin- 
pi!.-  of  !•>->. 

i, .1.1  I  Hunt  -i.  ulm  .itt'h-iat.-il  a^  hi^li-|irii-^l .  imw  app.-ai'.-il  an.l  appr.ia.-ln-i| 
tli.-  ITO.-»,.  A'!.i\f'l  in  his  pnni  ili'-al  r.ili.-s.  In-  l.mk.-il  .|iiit.-  ri-sp.-i-ialili-. 

'l'li>-  1  mliaiis  li.-in-j;  all  ass,'iiililc.|  I  ^a\  I  mliaiis.  I'm-  nuu  th.-r.-  \\a^  n«i  a 
sipiau  pr.'s.-nl  a  I  a  >iunal  ui\  .-n  \>\  tin-  hiLrh- priest .  i  \\ ,,  \  011111:  i'hi.-1's  -pram: 
!i|>on  tin-  frnss.  aii'l  t-ai-h  takin-4'  "11  mn-  <>\'  the  iln^s.  l.r.iiiu'lil  it  il»un  an. I 
|.r.-scnj'-il  it  "n  his  anus  t"  tin-  hi-_rh-prirst .  \\ho.  r.-i-.-i\  in^  it  \\ith  Lrr.-at 
n-\ tTfiirc.  in  lik.-  m  iiim-r  ailvam-cil  to  tin-  lir.-.  ami  \\ilh  a  V«T\  uria\v  ami 
solemn  air.  I  ii  I  it  tln-ivon.  This  he  also.lj.)  \\itli  tin-  oth.-r.  11.-  then 
retin-.l  to  the  cniss. 

In  a  il--voHt  ininn.-r.  he  now  euiiini  -m-t-il  an  oralioii.  The  loin-  of  his 
\oii-e  u  .is  amlil'lr.  aii'l  soiueu  hat  chant  im_r.  A I  e\  er\  pause  in  his  ij  i  scours.  • 
he  I."ik  t'riiin  a  \\hit-  <-|..th  he  In-LI  in  hi>  left  haml  a  )'nrti..n  nf  .li'i.-.l. 
oi|oi  ifei.Mis  lierlis.  uhirli  hr  thi'eu  mi  tli»-  lire.  This  \\as  intendeil  as 
ini-eiise.  In  tin-  ni'-anu  liilr.  his  amlitnr>.  tln-ir  e\es  on  the  urr>>uml.  \\ith 
ir|-a\t.  aspei-t.  ami  in  solemn  silem-e.  stooil  mntiuiiless.  listening  to  e\.-r\ 

\\o|-i|  he  Illt'-r  -il.  Thus  he  proei-dleil.  until  the  ilo^s  Uere  entiivh  collsll  Ille.l 
;m,|  1  lie  "|  ||i -el  l  si-  e\  h;l  1 1st.-.].  U  hell  he  I  -oil  r  1 1  U  1  e<  I  1 1  i  s  se  |'\  1 1  -e  . 

'['he  oM at  ion  ii'  iu  111  nle  ami  tin-  wrath  .if  tin-  ( ir.-at  Spirit .  as  th.-\  ln-lie\  .-.I. 
appi-a>"'l.  lh  >  au'ain  assemlileil  for  the  piupose  of  pei •forming  a  part  nf 
Ih.-ir  I'.-st  i\  a!  .iilT.-r.-nl  frmu  an\  I  li.nl  \.-t  uitm-sse.l.  l-ia.-h  In.lian.as  he 
enteri-il.  si-ate.)  liinisi-lf  on  th>-  l!i  ">r.  thus  forming  a  lari.re  i-ircle.  u  In-n  one  ..f 
t  h>-  "M  fhiet's  rose,  ami  u  it  Ii  t  hat  nat  i\  e  ili^nit  >  u  hi<-h  some  I  n.lians  possess 
jn  a  -.rival  'I'"-'!  '•'••  '  •.-roiinteil  his  .-\ploits  as  a  uarrior;  to|<|  in  ho\\  nian\ 
lights  he  ha. I  heeii  the  \  ietoi.  tin-  numlicr  uf  sealps  he  hail  taken  from  his 
enemies,  ami  \\  ha  I .  at  tin-  h.-a.l  »\'  his  hra\  .-s.  he  \  el  int.- ml.-.  I  to  <|o  at  t  he 
IJo.-ks  nioii!i!aiiis.  ai-i'«'iiipaii\  inur  his  nanalioii  uilh  em-rur>  .  uanutlt.  ami 
strong  LT  "st  i'  ii'.il  i.  in.  \\'hen  he  emled.  he  reeei\.-.l  the  iinaninioiis  applause 
of  til--  as-  -ml.|i  .1  M  ilie. 

'1'hjs  m. -."I  "I  pr.iise  uas  auar<leil  t"  Iln-  ehi.-|  l.\  •'three  times  three" 
arti.-iilal  i.'iis.  u  hii-li  Uere  pro|iei-|\  m-ither  nasal,  nral.  n.>r  Lruitiiral.  Imt 
rather  aliilnminal. 

l  itliei  s  ;'i  i1,  |ou  e.|  in  like  manm-r.      A  mmiu'  these  \\  as  ( ,...,,]    Hunter-.   Imt  In- 


Hi-  IVMI  irk-  \\crc  ii"l  lilled  \\  ilh  sin-h  Iminliast  a-  some  others,  luit  brief, 
mode-land  appropriate;  in  short.  thc\  \veresiirliaslieeaineaprie.stofone 
of  ili.-  |o-t  ifii  1  rilies  .•!'  I  srael. 

Al'li-r  all  lia.l  -poken  who  w  i-Oied  to  sp;-aU.  the  lloor  u  as  cleared  ami  the 
dance  rciicu  cd.  in  \\liifh  Indian  ami  sniiau  united  with  their  \\  onte.l  hilaritx 
,ind  /'-al.  -lii-i  a-  lli('  dam-e  ended,  an  Indian  lm\  ran  In  inc.  and  with  fear 
dc|ticti-d  "ii  lii-  coimlci.aiice.  caught  iin-  li>  llic  arm  ami  drew  me  to  the 
door,  |»'ini  MIL:'  \\  it  Ii  his  other  liand  'o>\\  anl-  so  met  limn'  \\  Inch  lie  \\  i-|ic.|  IIH- 

I,.  nliMTVC. 

I  li.nUcd  iii  llial  dir.'cti.iii  an  !  >a\\  tin-  a|i|icaram-c  nf  an  Indian  rnnnin^al 
lull  -jn-cd  1"  tin-  i-i>iim-il  Imii-c:  in  an  in-tanl  he  \\a^  in  il  and  literal!)  in 
llie  lire,  uhi'-ii  lie  inoU  in  hi-  hand-  and  threu  mal-  am!  a^ln^  in  \arimi- 
ilii-eclion-  ihr.'iiu'li  the  house,  and  apparent l\  .  all  over  himself. y  At  liis 
enlram-e.  th'-  \.nnm  Indian^,  nim-h  alarmed,  had  all  lied  tn  the  other  end  of 
I  he  li.'ll-e.  \\here  ill  '\  remained  rrn\\ded  tu^ethel'  ill  UTcat  dread  .'f  hi- 

pi-rsoiiilicalion  of  llie  l-'.\il  S|>irit.  After  dherlinu'  him-elf  with  the  lire  a 
i.-u  moment-  at  the  expense  of  the  \OIIIIL;'  one-,  lo  their  no  small  jo\  .  he 
di-api'eareii. 

'l'hisua-an  Indian  disguised  witli  a  hideon-  false-face,  having  horn-  on 
hi-  head,  and  hi-  hand-  and  feel  jiroteeted  from  1  he  effects  of  the  lire:  and 
though  not  a  profc—cd  "lire  -  kinu'."  lie  certaiulx  perforined  his  part  to 
admiral  ion. 

I  Miring  the  continuance  of  the  festival,  the  hospital  it  \  of  the  1  ndian-  \\  a- 
niilioiimlcd.  In  the  council  hoii-e  and  at  the  residence  of  the  Tall  Chief 
\\cre  a  nnmlit-r  of  laru'e.  fat  lnicks.  and  fat  lion's.  han^'iiiL;'  up  and  m-allx 
dn---ed.  Uread.  also,  of  holh  corn  and  \\hcat.  in  u'reat  almmlance. 

l.arue  Kettle-  of  -oiip.  i'ead\  prcpai'ed.  in  \\hich  maple  sn.u'ar.  profn-cl\ 
added,  made  a  prominent  ingredient,  thn-  forming  a  \er\  aii'rccalile  saccha- 
rine coalescence.  All  \\ere  inxitcd.  and  all  \\cre  made  \\elcoine:  indeed, 
a  refn-al  to  partake  of  ih>-ir  l>oiint\  \\a-  deeinecl  disrespectful,  if  not 
1 1 1 1  f  I '  i  e  1 1  d  I  >  . 

I  It-i't  l  IP-HI  in  t  he  afleriioon  cnjox  iim  theinseh  es  to  the  fullest  extent:  and 
-0  l.ir  a-  I  cniild  pi-rcei\e.  ihcir  plca-urc  was  \\ithoni  allo\.  'l'lic\  \\ere 
eating  and  drinking  l>iil  on  this  occasion  no  ardent  spirits  \\t-re  permilted 

dancing  ai  i|     c  oil-in^:,  caring,  and  proliaM\   IhinkniL;  not  of.  lo-moi'roNv. 

I  l;c    v\'»r.l    •-  .         ,'    ha-    _i\rti    nanu1-  to  sn    m.iiu     li>\\n-    an<l 

•  •' '•:    \  \ M.H  •  -.  •         '          .  -i-cin-  ;i i  !u-  Imricil  in  ohscnrit \ . 

< -  '"     '  \ 'i!  '  .    i m !    their    ivsrarrlu--  -cr m 

•  '  ,i-\    '  1 1  1 11 -i  i '!  nr  a- -i  »  i  at  ni    \\l\\i 

'•••'',      '  :  .     I  r i  MIL;    i :  'j.\\ !    ;  i)    i  -\  cr\     i  lirci  t  ion    .  <\ 

r»r.       I  I  i-lor\   i-  mil  lAcmpi 
'  I  '  -i  icm  i-s  .  ii    ihi-  d;i\ .  inn-    il;  iiiki-r 


vi  i\\     U<  »\v-    K\  . 

rrror-.  in  the  |.reai  hin^  <•!    the  uilorion-  ^n-].el  »!    mir  !i 
the    adm:ni-t  ratn  MI    nt    the    iliunh    nt    (iod    mi    earth, 
w  ill  ditler  on  aim  i  i-t  e\  er\  t  hi  nu.        I  o  ,i\ «  ml  IHMII^  i-l    m  MI 


>a\>    Mi,    Uutterheld.   j.     ;  ;      ••  \      !..    •:  -     .,-._..        •    •'•. 
r:\i-r.  there    are    two    nj.  :....!:-.       \',\    -••m.      •     -  ':••      i  ved   '   ,  : ,,     (  «,,..;  ..t 

,il  t'ne  I'M-!  I  ivi.  h  irider  who  \  i-i'.<  d  '!:  •  ••"in'ix  In  <  hani|.  n_n 
i  i  Hint  \ .  I  Ihm  M».  l  her.  -  i!i  >\\  i  i\  i  n_;  a  man  i  it  i  hi-  :  i  •::.  .  w  h' .  ''.um- 
that  mie  ii!  hi-  a  i  n  e-tm  -.  -ettlin^  a!  an  <  ari\  |.er.od  upon  'h.  •»  rid'i-k\  . 
and  iie<  om ; r, _;  a  ^re.it  !a\  or;t e  ann  >nu  the  I  ndia  M,-.  t  i  e\  .  a-  .:  mark  <  <• 
r  e  -  ] i  e  i  t ,  _:  a  \  e  hi-  name  ^ . .  \\  d  <  >  u  -  k  \  t  • .  the  r  i  \  e  r  and  i  <  a  \  . " 

VMM  ,,1\  w  dl  den\  the  lai  I  that  the  Mutterlield-  are  a  lit  Me  ]  .reindn  rd 
in  ta\or  'M  the  !•  rein  h.  and  the\  have  a  r;uh;  ti>  he;  IHI;  H.>!MM!\  w;';i 
believe  that  >1VM)\\  iln\\s  ky"  i-  a  1'rem  h  name.  h  the  nn^in  ;n  that 
i  [irei  t  n  m  h.n  I  been  tram  I  In  a  Kn--ian  t  ir  a  l'i  ile.  it  w  i  mid  lia\  e  lie  en 
im  ire  e\<  u-at  lie.  1  he  1'  rein  h  ha\  e  m  .  r>'  in  their  al  j .  hal  iei .  in  >r  in  their 

(  )t  the  old  Indian  tradition  ui\en  h\  the  warrior-  t"  (  ieii.  llarn-op,. 
the  tollowm.;  i-  the  on_;in:  Alter  the  na\al  n^ht  hetween  the  \\  \andot- 
and  >eiiei  a-,  h.  retoton-  mentioned,  the  t  on.pienn.;  hand.  ha\  ;iu  landed 
at  Manniee.  tolloued  tlu-  lake  -liore  tnuard-  tlie  ea-t.  JM--.I!_;  and 
i;i \;II.L;  name-  to  lia\-.  t  reek-,  and  river-,  until  tliex  arr;\ed  at  ('ohi 
i  reek,  wdiere  it  enter-  the  >andu-k\  ha\.  I!e:n_  '  harmed  \\;'h  'he 
- 1 1  r  i  n  L;  -  o  t  i  1  e  a  r ,  <  o  1 1 1  w  1 1  e  r  in  tin-  \  1 1  1 1  r,  t  \  .  t  h  e  \  |  < ; ;  i  h  e  d  t  h  e :  i  '  e  n  t  -  .  i  m  i 
en^a^eil  in  hnn'in^  and  ii-hin^.  l'.\  tin  in  the  \\  \  and.,  .•  -  ;!.,  ha\  am! 
i  .  s  e  r  were  '  ailed  x  a  i : . !  1 1  - !-.  \  .  m  e  a ; , :  n  _ .  in  their  !  a  n  _  1 1  a  _:  e .  •  • .  r  •':.,-  i  ,t\,\ 
w  i ;  e  r . 

M  :  .    |  o  h  1 1     II.     lame-,    in    old     ,  e :  i  •  r  a  1 1     j . :  o  i  i .  e ;     o '     i    i  i ,  a ; :  i .   '  ' ; . : .  • .     ; ;    ; 
m.ie    io    ;i;      .\m,-n,,in    /'.         ,  >  .  men';o;i,    a    |,,irt    ,-:    a    ,  ,,nse--  ,-... 
had     w  ;'h   U  I'diam     \\ 'aik-'i  .  a:    <    <  .i'.'i.V;-.    in     i.^  ;;   i..  u  !•> 
i  ,v;m  :i  LI    i  hie!  oi   t  he  \\  \  a  n,  :• .;  -  a:    I    JM  n-r   ^  a  :..;•;  -K  \  .  .1::.  "I    U-ked 

. '  •  i  i )  m  '  i ;  e  m  e  a  n  i  n  _:  o  t  tin  w  o  • . :  •  -v  1 1 ,  i  i : .  -  k  \  .  I  i  e  -  a ;  d  t  n  ,  • ,  •  •  :  •  • '  •• 
i  old  water,  and  -aid  t  •  hmiii  i  in-  j ,:  ,  M,..:;  i  | 

-aid   it  tarried    with    ::    tin     IM;.,    .,•    a   ;M(]M.-,;;  o  |:;,      I    |,;,    •     i    ,,;,; 

\\  al  ei    and   '  he    I   *  .  >\  .  :   <    ,  ,;< ;    \\  a' ,  :  .  •  i  i  ;:.  A  -  ;  e   .     •-.  i  .:•••..     lid     c 

'    i  e   j .  r  e  -  e  I  n  e  o  ]     !  i  i  <     •     i  d  •  •  r .    ~-  •  •  w    • .  •  .  \\  -    f.  \ 
iiai  \    o!    \\  \  andot    \\md-  i-\     |n!         I,  .!.'    .  I 

•     '      •  !  >      (     I  !        ,   l         I  ,  I       "  '  ,     ,  \    • 


I0()  HISTORY    OK    SF.NF.CA    OK'NTY. 

i.  p.  2<)Z,,  the  word  "water"  is  given  "Sa-un-diii-tee,"  or,  "water 
wrthin  \vatfr  pools." 

The  historians  ot"  (  >hio  seem  to  lie  satisfied  with  the  meaning  of  the 
word  .IN  --at  the  cold  water:"  hut  Mr.  Bntterfield,  in  his  Crawford,  p. 
147.  says  thu  Sandusky  is  the  old  "San-dus-quet"  of  the  old  1'Yench 
traders  and  voyagers;  "Sail  un  dus  kee."  "clear  water,"  or,  "San-doos- 
tee."  ".it  the  cold  water."  Or,  it  may  have 

been  derived  ironi  "Xi  nn-dus-tee."  "water  within  water  pools." 

Tlu-\  will  stirk  in  the  I-'renchnian,  any  way.  Hut  no  matter  about 
the  origin.  It  is  mM  verv  likelv  that  any  better  light  will  ever  be 
thrown  upon  the  origin  ot  the  word. 

While  on  thi-^  ^ubject.  it  should  also  be  remembered  that  the  terms. 
••  M  iami  ot  the  Lake."  or  "Miami  ot  Lake  Krie."  wherever  they  occur, 
should  not  be  confounded  with  the  "('.real"  and  "Little  Miami." 
wh'u  h  are  tributaries  oi'  the  <  )hio.  The  former  terms  simply  mean  and 
signiu  the  Maumee  river.  "Mad  Spirit"  is  the  Indian  signification  of 
"line." 


CHAPTER    VI. 


MARLY    ShiTLKRS      STATMMMN1     OK     MRS     SlANl.KY      THK     HARRIS    FAMILY 
HOHBKKY     OF     SIMCKK      THK     BRL'SH    DAM      1'KTKR     PORK     JACOB     KNLSKLY 
AND     CROW      GOING     TO     MILL      KILLING     Wl'lCMKS      WOI.VKS      IHK     MRS1 
HORSE-RACE. 


7~M  >    \\"  M.    1.  \  M..    MSM.        l!eim,'    i 'I  If  nt'    I  lie    i  illicit     st.Ule  1  s    nt'    <etieea   ml  Hit  \ 
im\\    li\iim.   :iinl    remembering  ;i   '-.Mf. it    man>    i  neident  s    eoiiiif  fled    \\itli 
1 1  if  c;irl>   sen  Ifiiu-  n  I  nt'  I  In-  eon  nt  \  almm    tin-   >andiislv\    ri\  i-r.  I  u  ill  i-oinph 
u  it  li  \  our  in\  itat  inn  ami  I  if  rel>\   send  \  >  <\\  a  short  statement .  u  hieh  \  i  HI  ma\ 
use.  it'  t'l'iiii'l  appropriate.  Respeet  fitlh  . 

T A  i;n  n  \   -<  i  \  N  1.1  \  . 

••  M\  LM'ainl-t'atlif  r  canif  t'nun  KiiLrlam!.  a  \  HIIIIL;  iiian.  and  >inurlf .  1 1 1^  nan  if 
\\  a>  Saiiiiicl  llarri>.  M>  ^rainl-lilotlitT's  nanif  \sas  llft>r\  limif  f.  ainl  >lir 
\\a>a  natiM1  "t  hflaml.  Tln-\  \\crc  inarrifil  in  1'liilailflpliia.  !'••  nn^\  1\  ania. 
IUIILT  I  n -t'i>  iv  tin1  n-\  nlut  iiniar\  war.  ami  •>(•!  t  lt-i|  in  I  Iari'i>lnirirli.  I  'CHIINN  1\  ania. 
when-  ni\  1'athcr.  \\'illiani  llarn>.  \sa>  Imrn  in  17'in. 

At'tcr  tin1  war  In-  maiTifil  Mar\  Mcail.  \\  lm>f  I'atlicr  cairn1  t'rmn  \\'alf>. 
M  \  tatlii-r  cnlistcil  as  a  siildici'  in  tlif  I'cvnliit  ii'iiarx  war  \\  In- n  lit-  \\  as  In  it  a 
nif  >'f  !">>  .  i  mix  t'niirtf  f  n  \  <•  ai>  nld .  as  a  prh  at  f.  ami  >cr\  i-il  il  iiriii^  tin-  \\  ar  to 
t  lit-  cli  i>f.  1 1  f  m-\  f  r  rccri \i-il  a  |)cii>!(  Hi  t'or  hi-<  MT\  icc>  in  tlif  \\  ar  until  attc i' 
he  nio\t-i|  tn  Si-ncca  ciiiiniy.  when  Mr.  Alifl  Ka\s>un.  mif  nt'  the  pioneer 
lawyers  nt'  Tillin.  prm-ured  it  t'or  him. 

M\  parent^  raised  ten  children.  15et^e\.  ni\  oldest  sister.  \\a>  married  to 
I  >a\  id  IJoliei  •)*>  :  I  let!  ie  \\  as  married  to  Mo^e^  Hunt  :  brother  A  n^n^t  its  was 
married  to  Aun-lia  ('lark:  N'aiie\  \\as  married  to  ( 'liamlier>  Mead:  l'o||\ 
married  .lames  Ma  ton:  brother  Samuel  died  in  \\  hat  i>  no\\  To\\  n^end  town- 
--hi  p  in  "Miid  n>U>  eon  Hi  \  .  (  >hio.  iii  1  s_'i;  in  |  |n.  t  \\eiit>  -eighth  \  i-ar  ol'  lii>  atT'1. 
and  liimiai  rifd  :  .lohn  married  l!ei~.f\  Ha>^:  Mim-r\a  married  llenjamin 
r,ann-\:  Tabitlia.  m>>ell'.  married  Hen  .jamiii  (  'nl\  ei  in  l^i!-:  and  .lane,  the 
\  oini'^fsl  ot'  oin  ch  ild  i  en.  married  AM-OU  ( ira\ .  Minei  \  a.  .lane  and  m\  ->elt' 
\\ere  mai  ried  in  t  lii^  eoiiiit\  and  u  ere  animi^M  t  lie  te\\  iir>t  \\  hite  u'ii  1>  that 
\\  ere  m.  i  n  M  -i  I  IP -re  at  that  lime.  I  Jarnex .  ( 'nl\  er  and  ( i  ra\  \\  ei  e  ami  in^-<t  t  he 

I'eU     I'll   -I    -et  !  lei'-,   t  hat    I'  leated    here. 

\h  t'at  her  ino\  ed  1 1  on  i  1 1  a  rri>lnir^h  into  1  ,i  \  i  ir_rMon  eoiml  \  .  i  n  t  he  state 
o|  \i-\\  ^'  ork  .  \\  here  \\  e  li\  ed  until  the  \  ear  1  >|  v  and  in  that  \  ear  u  e  ino\  eil 
I  iaek  to  reinis\|\ania  and  set  t  led  near  Mead\  i  lie.  in  <  'i  a  \\  toi  d  ei  Hint  \  .  1  If  re 
m\  sister  Nam •>  \\a--  married  to  ('hamliei-.  Mead.  >ln-  dieil  at  Mi-ad\ille. 

\V  hell  \\  e   left    I  .i  \  i  lr_rst  i  'I  I   ei  H  1 1 1 1  \  .    N  e  U    V  o|  U  .   I  o  n  |o\  e  (o    I'ell  1 1  s  \  1  \  a  1 1 1  a  .   so|||e 

of  m\    limthers  and    sj.-ier.s   \\en-    married,   and    staved    there.       Mather  and 


nint  I  it -i1.  \\  itli  tlir  rest  of  iis  children  that  \vtTf  not  married  \anr\ .  Samuel, 
.luh  n.  M  inrr\  a.  Tabit  ha.  .lane.  .-UK  1  Marshal  1 1  arris  started  toyetlier.  When 
\\  c  L.rol  in  (Mean  I'tiini  m\  fat  her  boiiyht  a  boat .  railed  a  sruu  .  ( )n  this  he 
l>ul  our  !_L"i>ilv.  wa^'on  and  all.  John  and  m\self  took  three  horses  and  1  \\  o 
cows,  and  drove  them  overland  for  I  /aw  rencebnryli.  ( )n  the  wa\  there  a 
man  overtook  n->.  and  at  hi-,  request  \\  e  let  him  ride  one  ol'  the  horses.  and 
the  rascal  ran  awav  w  it  h  t  he  hor^e.  There  was  at  lliat  time  no  road  down 
!lif\alle\  o|  the  A  lleyhenv  .  \\'heii  \veall  met  at  Law  reiicehuryh  we  left 
ihe  scow  .  and  hitched  the  hordes  to  the  wayon  and  traveled  together  to 
Me,ld\llle.  where  \\  e  settled.  Here  We  staved  aliollt  t  Wo  Veal's:  then  lll\ 

In-other  Samuel  and  a  >  oimy  man  bv  the  name  of  - John  Ma  ton.  from  the  state 
o|  New  York,  started  for  (  )hio  on  foot .  for  the  purpose  of  prospectiny  and 
e  \ploriny  the  count  rv .  Thev  came  to  t  lie  valle>  of  the  Sand  usk  \ .  and  wrote 
li.ick  to  ii^  1"  pack  up  and  come  out  here  :  that  tlie\  had  found  an  excellent 
count  rv  .  etc. 

The  folio  winy  w  inter  m>  I'at her  and  brother  .loin i  started  for  ( )hio  to  meet 
the  hovs  here.  leaxiiiy  the  rest  of  us  at  Meadville.  Mv  father  \\asayim- 
-.mith  hv  trade,  and  brought  his  tools  with  him.  I  Ie  put  up  a  shop  on  the 
north  east  part  of  a  piece  of  land  that  afterwards  became  the  properlv  of  m\ 
1 1  Holland  .  1 5eii  jam  in  <  'ill  ver.  and  know  n  as  the  <  'ill  ver  farm,  near  Fort  Seneca. 

In  the  following  spriny  father  and  .John  came  hack  to  Meath  ille.  ami  then 
\\eall  started  for  the  Saiuluskv  vallt'V.  e\ee)>t  m\  sister  Nanc\.  who  was 
then  married.  When  w  e  u-ot  here  we  found  the  countr\  a  dense  wilderness. 
We  put  up  w  itli  l>anie\  "s  t'olk^.  and  moved  into  the  same  rahin  lhe\  occu- 
pied, which  had  been  built  bv  William  Spirer.  who  tlien  had  moved  upon  his 
sect  ion  in  the  Seneca  reservation,  east  of  the  river.  Spirer  was  an  Indian 
eaptixe.  and  had  a  faniil)  ot  hall  Indian  children.  1'heir  names  were  .lolin. 
.lame^.  Small  <  'loud.  I  attic  Town,  and  one  daughter,  who  was  married  to 
another  while  captive  bv  the  name  of  ('row.  Spicer  was  a  invat  help  to  the 
new  comers,  for  he  had  cattle,  horses  and  lion's  in  la  rye  numbers.  lie  used 
In  let  his  land  out  on  shares,  and  often  furnished  horses  and  oxen  to  farm 
with.  I  Ie  -M  >|i  I  a  LiTcai  deal  of  corn  to  the  immigrants  :  also  eat  t  Ie  and  lio^s. 
ami  often  let  rows  out  for  pa>.  lie  wasayood  neighbor,  ev  er  readv  ami 
willing  to  help  the  need  v .  1'eople  often  borrowed  his  horses  and  o\en  to  yo 
t,.  t  he  mill.  We  had  to  1:0  io  Monroev  ille  or  to  Cold  Creek  Mills,  to  yet  mir 
urindiim  done  some  l  hiri  >  miles  a  w  a\  .  t  hroiiyh  forest  and  sw  amps,  w  it  lion  t 
aiiv  bridges  across  the  Mreaiiis.  and  no  road  or  an\  oilier  wav  to  yuide  t  lit- 
1  ia  v  c|i-i  bill  bla/  d  1  | cc-. 

The  Hariiev  t,im:!\  i-oiisisted  o|'  \\ C^t.  who  \\a-  the  oldest,  ami  lienjamin. 
b.il  h  -in1.; !••.  a  w  idow  ed  sister.  M  i  ->.  Poll  v  (  )n  .  \\  ho  at'lerw  anls  married  .lolm 
l-'.a!'  ni.  vs  ho  came  out  lie  re  w  it  h  m\  brot  her  Samuel  in  I  spt.  as  a  1  readv  staled  . 
and  Ann.  the  votinye-l  sister,  who  was  afterwards  iiiari'ietl  to  David  K'iee. 
in  the  tali  ul'  1  ^'Jo.  llciiiamin  llaiiiev  marrieil  mv  Bister  Miner\a  in  the  win- 
).•]  ,  ,|  l-:jo.  I  )a  v  i.|  >m  it  li  of  |-'m  !  Hall,  w  ho  w  a--  1  hen  a  -I  uM  ice  ol  t  he  I'eaee. 
•M  ili-iii  n  i/ed  the  marria'-ie.  and  pi  a  v  ei  I  the  v  \<  >l  i  n  t  ha!  niLi'lit  at  the  w  edd  i  HL; 
da  li' •'•  \l '  .  1 '.'  ,\-\  a-  I'n  a\  c  i-a  me  with  Mr.  Smil  h  to  |  lie  w  eddiiiL;.  Mr.  l'.u\\  e 
\v  a-  1  lie  lir-1  -'-l  I  l'-i  in  |-'.ii  1  Hall. 

Th.-  \M-ddi  n 'j  w  a  -  a  i' ura I  a  ffa  ir.  i  ndeeil .  Tin-  da  nciiit:'  \\  as  done  on  a  piin- 
iii'iiii  ili  mi .  \  pun'j'eon  i-~  a  plank  about  --i  \  i  nche-~  thick,  ^plil  out  of  a  -ol  id 


s  I   \  I  I   Ml   \  I      c.l       Mks.     s  i    \M   f  v.  Id, 

N'U.  and  tln-n  In-ued  <>n  out-  side  ami  ••  spotted  "  on  lln-  other  so  as  to  tit  e\en 
on  tin-  sleepers.  This  made  a  \  i-r\  solid  ami  snli>taiitial  llooi  to  >lain •••  on 
Hoards  \\  ere  \I-IA  scarce  and  hard  to  u'et.on  a<  •'•oiint  o|  the  -_rieat  \\ant  "1 
sau  mills.  We  came  hi-re  in  tin-  -nnnm-i  of  IS-JM.  That  tail  \M-all  took 
sick,  and  hecaim-  so  reduced  in  s|  |  CIIL,'!  h  that  "in-  \\as  not  ahh-  to  In-lp  tin- 
oil  i»-r.  Tin-re  \\  as  no  doctor  nearer  than  1 1  nroii  count  s  .  u  here  doctor  >teph 
en  son  li\ed.  lie  calm-  sonielinn-s.  and  sia\ed  a  da\  or  l\\  ••  to  siippU  us  \\  it  I, 

medicine.        We   \\ele  all    fortunate  enol|-_'h    to  <>,-\    \\ell. 

Tin-  t'ollou  in-.;  \  ear  m\  hrol  In-r  A  ULTiisl  MS  came,  "soon  at  lei  his  arri\  al  his 
\\  ife  took  sick  ami  died.  |ea\  inir  him  u  it  h  i  \\o  children,  hot  h  small. 

Weueie  alluell   and    ln-arl>    the   m-\t    M-ar.  except    m\   mother.  \\  ho   was 

then     \elA     sick,    hill     reco\eled.         I  >e|l  jaill  i  II     HalUe)     lno\ed     |o     J-'o|  I     *v-||i-ca. 

dose  to  (In-old  for  i  hnilt  h\  (it-m-ral  Ilanison  in  MJ.  and  tln-n  occupied  h\ 
Mr.  .iaim-s  Montuolm-i  A  .  a  Methodist  preacher  and  a^'enl  I'm  the  >mrca 
I  in  Mails.  ||e.  Mr.  Mont-^ouiei  \  .  \\  as  also  al'd-ru  ard>  elected  .1  list  ice  of  tin- 
I'eac-e.  ami  solenmi/ed  tin-  marriage  ceieinonx  u  hen  Mr.  l'nl\ei  ami  I  \M-M- 
inarrieil.  Mr.  Moiit^oiiieiN  \\as  coiisiden-d  a  \er\  u'ood  man.  ami  \\as  hi^'lih 
respectecl.  ()|icol  his  sons  died.  I  \\  as  I  he  on  |  \  \\hilr  ulll  outside  o(  the 
t'ruiiil.v  u  ho  attended  the  funeral. 

Mr.  Ken  jamin  Harm->  and  Mr.  Alison  <,ra.\  hoth  ino\ei|  \\i\\\  their  lamilies 
to  (In-  slate  o(  Illinois,  and  ho!  h  hecaim-  \\  call  h\  .  ( t  ra>  and  his  \\  ife  are 
hot  1 1  i  lead  .  H.II  ne\  \  u  ife  is  also  dead  .  hut  I  la  i  m-\  is  si  j|  |  I  i\  iirj  and  is  no\\ 
a  hi  'lit  em  hi  \  -lour  >  ears  old.  <  »m-  \  ear  ayi'.  \\  In  n  In-  u  as  here  on  a  \  isj( .  | 
sa\\  him  at  Mi.  Kid-'s.  in  'l'o\\  nseiid  to\\nship.  >>amlusk\  connt\.  \\ln-n  he 

\\  ,|s   \  e]  \     heal  1  V    alld    act  i\  e. 

\'e|A     |e\\     \\  hi'e    people    I  i\  i  c|    here    \\  hell    \\  e   I  allie.         M  ,  .    |!o\\  e.    \I  1  .    K'ls,!,  ,||  . 

Mr.  has  id  ^niilh  and  Mr.  Le\  i  »'risse\  Used  in  Fort  Hail  :  Ahm-i  I 'ike.  K/ra 
"spi  a-_;  ii'-.  \\illarcl  •spi'aune.  J-'ram-is  Spra-^m-.  \\  jih  .\\  ^hipp.-\.  Nathan  ^hip- 
pe\.  1,'oliert  and  l.oren/o  Ahhott.  |)orcas  .md  l'oll\  >hippe\  .  .lo. •!  (  hapm. 
Mr.  Mi-Null.  \\ho  had  t  \\  o  -on-,  Al<  \arnl.  :  and  haniel  <  aleh  IJiceaml 
haniel  Kn-e.  I'ardoii  \\il-on.  i'hine.,s  l-'rai\.  ->idnc\  Harne\  a  >  misin  o| 
lieiiiamin  Harin-x  >aiiine|.  -silas.  llnaiii.  A-i'l  and  I'hiin-as  |':ke.  l.oiijsa 
l-!iiiniei  son.  \\  ho  laniihl  school,  l-'.liphalel  IJo^ers.  ||c:n\  IJoueis.  l\|.ine/ei 
Mills,  haniel  Mills,  .h-!.  nnah  t  hapman.  llalin.ih  .lac  l\son.  tin-  IJollnis  tam- 
il> .  ami  tin-  hnmoml .  hnke  ami  Mont  -, .nici  \  lamilies.  const  ii  nieil  ahmit  all 
the  u  h  ite  people  i  hat  iiM-d  \\  it  hin  ten  mil.  s  of  I  he  lorl .  exi-epl  t  In-  ,  apt  i\  es 
on  tin-  i  esc'iA  at  ion. 

The\  used  |o  ha\  e  t  In-i  r  mililaiN  I  rainin^s  on  I  he  I  nl\  ei  farm .  '.Inn  kno\\  n 
as  ihc-  *>picei  place.  Ai  one  o|  these  irainin-s  |  IMM  St\\  Mi.  Ihuh  \\'el-h. 
I  Ihinlx  he  uas  she  iifi-i  |or  tin-  i  ompaii'.  <  al'-h  II:.  e  \\a-  (  iplain.  m\ 
hi  ot  I  n  i  -sa  mia-]  u  a--  I  .iend  naiil .  -lohn  I  '.ai  on  \s  as  (  )ri|e;  !\  .  aii'l  \\  >  -:  I  '.ai  m-\ 

\\  as  I-",||s|'_;ii .  Tin  \  list  d  lo  Ilieel  t  hi  I  e  e\  el  \  V  eai  .  T  1 1  •  •  _;  i  1 1  •  - 1  a  1  1 1 1 1 ;  -!  •  •  I  \\  as 
held  near  tin  -I":  ka.,e  "I  1  he  foi  !  . 

posit  e  the  ni,n  1 1,  .-I  U  oil  Creek,  in  ^amin-kx  .  on  nt  \.  The  Mohauks  |j\,-(| 
on  the-  la  i  m-  m  v.  o\\  ni'cl  h\  the  I'l  \  s.  I'lnnmn  :  ted  s  and  <  !  a  ::••.«  1 1  -.  Tin- 
Seiiecas  li\,-d  opposite  the  old  loii  .,nd  hi!o\-  ^oine  ot  ih>  in  !;\ed  ma! 
<  1 1>- en  Spriii^s.  and  up  ;,>  \\  lia!  is  MO\\  U  .,;  s,,n '-  *»tal  ion  on  ;  In  i  .  *».  A  C.  I ; 


I  10  HIS 

IJ.     C]o\\  li\ed   further  up.  opposite  in>   father's,  joining  the   Spicer  section 
on  l  lie  nort  li. 

In  l^_'l  a  !"L;  i •iil'in  sin, hi  al  a  place  near  what  is  no\\  Sandiisky  street  in 
Tiil'm.  an  1  wh"iv  Captain  1 5  m'li\  li'iill  a  \  cr>  niee  rusidenee  opposite  the  old 
resiiieiic-e  ..[  I.ntlier  A.  ilall.  K-MJ.  This  residence  is  now  occupied  b\  a 
famil\  named  l.euis.  Into  this  cabin  a  gentleman  I'roin  Auhiini.  New 
York.  ino\ed  iii  tliat  >ear.  Hi--  name  \\as  Mr.  Childs.  There  was  hut  liiin- 
M-lt  and  hi-  \\  il'e.  The\  \\eivwelldressed.and  both  very  handsome.  Mr. 
( 'hi Id-'  had  been  in  the  mercaiit ile  business  in  t lie  state  of  New  York.  lie 
\\as  then  alioiit  t\\en'..\Tive  \ears  old.  \\lien  lie  took  sick  and  died  in  the 
cahin.  So,  m  lifter  hi-  death  Mrs.  Childs  was  delivered  of  a  child,  and  the 
neighbors  look  her  and  the  babe  to  .Jnd.uv  Iiiyraham's.  who  then  lived  near 
ip'iudib,  .r  to  Mr.  1  >o\\  e.  \\  here,  after  sn tiering  about  nine  day  s.  she  also  died. 
The  \\  idi>\\  (  )rr.  a  sister  of  the  I5arne\  s.  took  the  child  to  raise  and  kept  it 
die  \ear.  ulien  a  sister  of  Mrs.  Childs  came  out  here,  and  took  it  back  to 
A  nliiirn  u  it  h  her.  Soinehodx  had  named  the  child  Nancy.  ( 'hilds  and  his 
u  il'e  \\  ere  hot  h  buried  in  the  old  ^rave  >ard.  near  the  15.  A:  ( ).  depot." 

So  tar  Mr-.  Stanlr\.  This  William  Sphvr.  \vlin  phu'cd  so  con^pic- 
•ion-  a  pan  in  the  history  of  tin.-  Seneca  Indian>  while  li\-in^  in  thi-. 
\alley.  was  .1  n;itive  of  Pennsylvania,  and  was  captured  by  the  Indian^ 
when  he  wa^  very  voting.  \\  !ien  the  wliite  settlers  first  came  into  this 
valley  Spicer  had  been  on  the  Samliisky  fortv  yoars.  and  during  llie 
revolutionary  w;ir.  Tliere  ;-;  but  little  known  of  his  history.  The  \\  \ 
.indots  timk  him  to  the  bank-  of  the  (  >hio.  and  used  him  as  a  decoy  to 
'•rin^  boatmen  to  the  shore.  They  tied  him  to  a  tree  near  the  bank  of 
•lie  river  and  >  (impelled  him  to  call  on  the  boatmen  for  help,  and  while 
the  ^avau'cs  las  in  ambu-h  an\  person  approaching  Spii  er  became  an 
.t^\  pre\.  Many  were  thu^  made  to  sillier  the  <  rnelt\  ot  the  \\yan- 
I!I>IN.  lull  it  U  to  be  presumed  that  Spieer  pla\ed  hi-  part  merely  b\ 


I  •   MM'-  :      -  cotint  \  u  it  h  m\  ui  and  fat  her.  \\"  iiliam  1 1  arris.  \\  ith  \\  hom 

I  ii.id  alu;i  •     .  and  up  to  the   time   \\lien   m\  aunt    Tabitlia   married  Mr. 

Cnl\e|  ;   ;'         I        •  them.      '1'liis  was  in    1^-..      M\   uncle.  Uenjainin 

1  ui\ei.   li.nmhi    ei:  -ed   and    four  acres  ot'  land   al    the   sales.       Hi- 

"Mi"-'1  '        i-'c  Iniiiilred  acre>.     The  KlnnimerJ'elt  and  Abbott 

!  i!  m-  av>'  a!-'  i  p  ii !  -  o|    ( 'ii!\.-r'>   purchase.       II  ••  also  .  i\\  ned   t  he  land  u  here 

1     .    ,;-.!•   ,,,  •,.,  -miii  "  n-.-d   in  !.<•.  i-i    |  .iii.-n  \    |o\\  n-hip.      The-e   lands  In- 

•  'i1    -i1'--.  iii    Ili'lauare.      ll'ii'tnii    H"\vard    \\as   recei\  er.  and   1'lati 

'    ••      md   "llice.      M,-.  |;r.i-h   li\ed   near  and   south  ot 

iii-    -ecniid    uife   a    \\ido\\    (ii'ei-ii.    fr'>!n  Mar\- 

.'!  ••:  "i    iii'-  I  l"!i<  vrable   |''ri-derii-K  \\' .  (ireen.  uho  \\;is 

\   •  ''i'j  linif.  and   alleruards   ri-pre-enied    tin- 

\\  •      ii '  iiu  it'll.       l'!i  i  -  \'.  .,-  d  ill  i  IIL;  1  lie  e\  er  llieniorable 


triilllilr    nc.-asinlied     ti)      till'     repeal    i.f     |||.-    eighth     seetjnn     i.|'    l||i-    •'Mi^-Llili 

Compromise."  A  1 1  IT  si -i  v  ini;  ,i  1 1-1  MI  in  <  'i  'i  nil  ess.  Mr.  I  •  I  ven  was  appninted 
Clerk  nf  llu-  I' .  >.  1  MM  i  id  ( 'niirt  I  Hi  1 1  H-  1 1. 'ill  H -n  i  di-ti  id  «•!  i  >lu«i.  \\  In  n  In- 
IlU'M-i!  tn  Cleveland.  \\liiTc  lir  li\i-i|  U)i  I.,  llir  linn-  nl  hi-  di-.illi.  which  ."•- 
clirivd  III  I  In-  spring  <,|  |s7;i. 

Tin-  UariieVs  c.iiiii-  lii-n-  finiii  Massachusetts  ill  I  - 1  v  ;npl  -dl  h-d  m-al  the 
M|. I  t'.irt.  ll  seems  Ilia!  in-. ul\  all  tin-  si-nli-i-  in  that  \  i.-init>  pi  vfi-i  n-d  !••  !>•• 
iM-ar  the  furl,  so  as  to  have  lln-  l>endit  i.|  ils  prnti-dimi  in  l  nm-  nf  danger. 
There  were  three  brothers  nf  the-e  Kaim-v-  West.  l>.-n  jainin  ami  Marshal: 
ami  l\\o  sisters  I'nllv  <  )rr.  \s  Im-e  hiiskiml  ami  "in-  i-liil.l  hail  died  |UT«-.  an<l 
Ann  Harnev .  tin-  v  m unrest  sister.  Mar>!ial  ;L!S.I  .lii-.|  here,  a  IP  I  In-.  Mr.  <  M  r 
and  his  child  w  civ  Inn  ied  at  the  Spicer  place.  Ann  marrii-il  l»ann-l  \\i<<\ 
w|p>  \va>  at'ti-r\\  anN  i-li'i'tt-il  juM  in-  «\  tin-  pcai-i-  tin-  lir.- 1  "in-  in  t  lit-  t»u  n- 
sliiji.  1 1  i>  \\  ii|u\\  i>  >t  ill  li\  iiiLT  in  Sam  in -k\  .-.111111  \  .  nm  t  li  <  >t  <  '!>  ill-. 

lii'iijainin  l!arii»-\  \\a>  a  \ci\  ri--.ilnti-  an.)  Imiinralili-  man.  ami  a  un-at 
Irit-n.l  tn  \\'illiam  S|iin-r:  an.)  \\lii-n  ^pi'-cr  \\a>  rnliln-i!  llciijaiiiin  tmik  urii-al 
inti-n->t  in  )i:t\  ini;  tlic  roblicrs  l>ruii^lii  t.i  jn-i  n-c.  an.  I  x-rnrinu'  t  lit-  iimm-x . 
This  \\a-  |irnlial»l>  tin-  lir-t  rnliln-r>  in  Si-nt-i-a  i-mintv.  am!  i!  m-i-iu n-.l  in  llii- 
\\isi-.  vi/:  >|'i.-iT  \\  as  \\  rll  oil',  ami  tuuk  in  a  ..rival  ili-alut'  nn'm-\  t'rmiitlM1 
sale  «'l  |IULT>.  i-attlf.  hni'si--  ami  .-.>rn.  Ilis  !m>m'\  \\a>  all  in  '_r'>M  an.J  sihrr. 
Spicrr  lived  .Ml  the  top  «\'  the  hill  nil  the  V\eM  hank  «'l  llir  river,  nppii-ite  the 
mirth  pnint  «\  the  inland  in  the  river,  and  almnt  I'mir  miles  Mnilh  nf  the  fi.rt. 
(  >ne  aftermmn  when  S)iic.-r  v\as  almie  in  liis  eal'in.  a  man  \>\  I  he  name  nf 
Knlliiis  came  in  and  demanded  Spici-r's  mmiev  and  tip-  kev  nf  his  chest. 
Spiei-r  re fn si -d  In  deliver  n v  er.  and  1  {nil ins  st  ruck  him  w  it li  a  elnh  uii  the 
head,  vvhicli  stunned  him.  and  he  fell.  While  in  this  cnndilmn  he  heard 
Kiilliiis  lanu'li.  and  alsn  lu-ai'd  s,,nie  nlheis  cmne  in.  Imt  cmild  mH  tell  w  IP> 
tliev  Were.  \\  lien  S|iicer  1'ec.iVered  his  ci  illseiullsliess.  the  men  and  his 
tliuliev  w  ere  u'nne. 

Sjiieer  vs  as  a  small  man.  and  had  n«  ediical  inn  :  IP-  ci  mid  iml  cm  ml  much, 
and  did  imt  kimw  e  \actlv  hnw  much  ninnev  In- did  have,  lint  il  \\a->  m -m- rail  v 
lielii-ved  that  he  had  lietween  ^i\  and  seven  thnii^and  dnlhir-. 

This  It.illiiis  was  a  caipeiil.-!'  liv  trade,  and  at  the  linp1  nf  thi-  nccm n-nce 
was  empl.iv  e.|  tn  he||i  a  certain  I  'a  nl  \  >.  l'»nt  N-r  in  tmildinLT  a  saw  m  ill  mi  i  he 
left  Lank  nf  tin-  river,  win-re  I.afavelle  sireet.  in  'I'illin.  cnnies  d..\\  n  t,,  the 
river.  Smne  nf  l  IP-  I  imln-rs  n|  Ihis  mill  w  .-re  alt.-rv\  anU  n-ed  l.v  \| :  .  .l..-iah 
lle.Lre-  in  the  liiiildim.:  nf  tin-  saw  mil!  siaiidin^1  nil  tin-  let:  hank  n|  the 

river.   ii|i(i. isile    II.-iili.-n    Kedler's    mill,    sn-called. 

As  si  ii  .11  as  I  he  IP-W  s  nf  1  he  n  ihlierv  liecaille  klmVV  II.  I  he  lie! -hi  ml'-  t  1 1  I'll  ei| 
nil!  !  ii  a--i  -!  I  he  c.  ill -t  a  I  ile  Ml  I  he  chase  at  I  er  tip-  I  h  |e\  e-  alld  I  he  |  ecnv  elV 

n)  i  he  mnip-v  .  A  man  hv  l  IP-  na  IIP-  nt  1  )n\\  n  :n^  i  i  v .-. !  nil  i  he  'np  1 1|  tip-  hill 
luck  and  »iiitli  ni  liak.'i'--  mill.  s,,iiie  ihree  mile-  imrth  nf  Tul-n.  in  a  .al'in 

liea  I      i  he     1  !  .  e!  .          'I'lp      '  '<  « ll  -i  I  ll  ' !  e  .    .\  1  r .     1'.  I  |  ' !  '.  i  i  -a  I  I  .    i  I!     '   n  1 1 1  |  1. 1 1 1  \     \\  ;  ]  \  \      I  ',e]|  )  a  111  I  II 

I  la  i  ne  v  .  ca  HP  in  I  ii  'W  nine's  IP  'iisi-  and  -,al  d.  iw  n  In  talk  awhile,  w  IP-II  a  lil  1  !e 
•_:'!il  n|  lip-  lamih  s.iid  In  i|p  -,••  men.  "  \l\  p.ip.i  |';ii  -niin-lhinL;  nice  nml'-r 
I  hen-  :"  |  in  i  nl !  iij  In  t  h>-  heal  1  h  stmie.  '1'l.e  v  a  i  i'i--'i  >  d  I  'nv\  nim: .  and  i  ai-in^r 
t  In-  heai  I  h  si  i  inc.  iiiimd  nv  ei  li\  .  hnnd  i .  d  dnll.H's  in  si  !v  «-r  undi-r  it.  A  I  id  - 
\\  aid-  >i  iiiie  -;  \  h  nii'l  i  ed  dnllai  -  inn]  e  u  .  re  immd  in  lip-  ->j,|  ]  n-  ,,t  t  |,r  \,,«\  ,,\ 
the  hill  cl,,,e  |.\  ih.  cal.in.  'I'h.-se  MX  hundred  d,. liar-  w.|.-  -in.p..,,.,i  ).. 


1  I  j  HIslnKV     OK     sl.M  t  A    t/OlNTV. 

have  been  put  iiitu  the  -prim:  lt>  tliis  William  Kollins  who  struck  Spicer. 
and  who  \\;is  also  arrested  soon  after.  1  >o\\  uiu^  «jot  awav  from  the  con- 
-table.  ainl  was  never  licanl  of  afterwards.  .Indue  Fitch,  who  lived  near 
Hi,.  ri\er.  below  l-'.lilei-  Rating's,  also  found  some  money  supposed  to  he 
>>pice) '-.  in  a  ravine  that  rims  across  tlie  iiorlli  \\est  corner  of  tlie  Culver 
placr.  a-  then  know  n.  This  >iini  was  also  over  live  hundred  dollars.  All 
thi-  nionev  was  proiiipllv  restored  to  Spicer. 

I'.utler.  Case,  and  (jiiite  a  nunihcr  of  others  were  arrested,  and  were  all 
taken  to  \or\\alk.  in  Huron  count),  for  trial.  Caleli  Kice  also  assisted  in 
making  the-e  arrests.  Some  of  the  prisoners  escaped  before  trial:  Case, 
liiiller  and  -ome  others  were  ac(|iiitted.  llollilis  was  the  onlv  one  that  was 
convicted  of  tin-  robberv.  and  v\as  sentenced  to  tlie  penitentiary  for  the 
term  of  eleven  veais.  lie  was  pardoned  out  before  his  term  expired.  Spieer 
himself  -iuninu  the  petition. 

The  -aw  mill  near  the  old  Foil  Hall  I  spoke  of.  was  a  very  rickety  atTair. 
and  -o  was  the  dam  that  supplied  the  water.  The  dam  was  made  of  brush 
laid  across  the  riv  er  w  it  h  the  points  11)1  stream.  (  hi  the  top  of  each  layer  of 
bni-h  other  hrn>h  were  laid  cross-wise,  and  then  another  laver  on  top  of 
the-elike  the  lii'st  lavei.  and  so  on.  The  v\  hole  string  of  brush  was  held 
dow  n  I iv  boulders  and  dirt  put  on  top  of  the  brush.  The  dam  reached  to  the 
ri^'hl  bank  of  the  river  at  a  point  where  doctor  McFarland's  stable  now 
•Mand^.  Mr.  .lesse  Spencer  ovvniiiLi'  the  saw  mill  and  the  land  on  that  side 
of  the  river,  and  Mr.  .losjah  Hedges  the  land  on  tl;is  side,  somehow,  trouble 
a  I  o-~e  1  ici  vv  ecu  t  hese  men  al  M  mi  t  he  dam.  It  is  possilile  that  the  water  in  the 
river  wa>  MM  back,  and  overtlowed  some  of  Mi'.  Hedges'  land. 

(  )ne  ni-ht.  hovvever.  Mr.  Hedges  proc 1 1 rei  1  a  1 1 u inber  of  men  with  picks 
and  shovels,  and  had  a  ditch  dim'  in  a  half  moon  shape  around  the  east  end 
.  .1  ;  he  i  lam.  and  on  the  next  morning  the  w  ater  of  t  lie  riv  er  llow  ed  throuu;h 
t  he  d  i  1 1  •  1 1 .  leaving  dam  and  saw  mill  1 1  i  u  1 1  and  d  r  v . 

Thi-  .Indue  Fitch,  above  mentioned,  was  a  tall,  slender  man.  v  erv  intelli- 
gent and  communicative,  and  in  evcrv  \\av  an  excellent  citi/.en.  Flisha 
•>ini :  ii  kepi  lav  ern  \\  here  ihe  I !  o;i  house,  so-called.  no\\  stands  on  Sat  id  uskv 
••treet  in  Titlin.  Thai  tiivern  n--ed  to  be  the  place  for  .lulv  celelirat  ions. 
(  in  these  occasions  it  ua-^  en^tomarv  for  -Indue  I'"ilcli  to  come  up  ami  treat 
all  tin'  \oiniu  men.  Then  he  would  -av  to  them  that  before  loii^'  thev  would 
have  to  lake  care  oj  the  uov  ernmeiit .  et<-.  (  >ne  time  v\  e  had  a  l-'onrth  of 
.Icllv  dance  there  when  fifteen  couple-,  attended,  which  took  liearlv  all  tile 
pe<  iple  !  hat  w  ere  here. 

\bnei  I'ike  lived  on  ihe  l'1/ra  llaker  farm,  near  the  old  house  mi  the  hill. 
I  le  came  he;e  w  il  Ii  In-  la  mi  I;  from  \c\\  .lersev  .  1 1  is  wile  w  as  a  sister  to 
ili!-  Mntler  th;-!  built  •s|iencer's  -av\  mill.  I'ike  was  a  man  of  medium  si/.e. 
-!on!  and  '  oinpaciiv  built,  had  dark,  hair  and  dark  eves,  and  a  dull  look  :  he 
'.'  .!-:."!  v  e!  .  ,  in  hi-  person,  and  ;^  la/v  as  he  was  ignorant.  I  tut  nt  I  ler- 
-  •  .  i  ! . .  1 1 : ;  d  •  •  -  •-  -  I  man. 

M:     I.:..    :          i       •  the  old    Foil    Hall.       Il   was  a  double  loU 

I  i  I'  i  otiu'h  |OL;-S.  ami  had  two  rooms.      M  r. 

I  '•'••'"..  •  '  i-maii .  a  nd  hiudilv  esteemed. 

_ :  u  id;    '  ,i  -j  i  in  -111  ii  1 1  bv   Made,  and   \\  In  i'e\  er  he  liv  ed.  in   1  'en  n 

•  .1  i:  i .  N  '  v.    V'  M  I    "i  ii  i !  I  nd  ian-  for  customers,  and  in  this  v\  a  v   he 


l>re,, nn-   a<  <|iiaint'-<l    uiili   l!i'-   I.Mr_;naLr»  •-  "I    -r\«Ta!    tnl.i-.      lie  had  in>  ditli- 

ellll  \    \"   I.lIK     1  lie    "-'   I'eea     \\  III   II     \\  i-    i-;;  II 1 1-    I  If  If.        ||i-    i -a  I  I  i«  'I    I'll    hi-   -.Mill    -h>  ip 

until  In-  ili.-il.  in  I-.U. 

xlllilld   ;nnl   .lolin     \\  l!-_'lil.    Ill    labT    \eal-.   lieeailie    tin     n\\lie|-    i>t     (In-    lallll 

lli;i!  1  Yum  I  hriirc  1"  'i  i-  t  ln-ii  name.  Tln-\  u  I-M-  tY'iin  Ili-ehe-tei  .  N'r\\  Y"ik. 
.lulm  \\ 'riirlit  ami  l>anii-l  l'»i— dl.  al-n  Horn  Ni-u  Y"ik.put  up  a  di-till«T\ 
i  MM  i  1  In-  -pi  im_r-  on  i  IK-  I  uiiK-  i '!'  i  In-  rh  t-r.  <  'ii  t  h  i  -  tarm.  I  u  <>\  kt-d  in .  and 
ei  >n  ineted .  I  In-  '  I  i-t  illei  \  t'i  >r  a  1 1  IIP.:  linn-.  Tin-  liii-im---  u  a-  di  >\\<-  in  tin-  linn 
name  "t  ••  I'.i— dl  A:  Uriudit."  \Vln-u  tin-  tanner-  l>r.'U'_'lil  I  In-n  emu  t.i  l.r 
ili^l  i !  Inl  i  in  -~liarc>  «\  [*>  In-  r\<  -lian^cil .  \\  ••  '^.\\  >•  t  IM-III  ti\  ••  quai  t  ^.  a  IP  I  \\  lien 
tin-  '-urn  u  a^  i-ln-ap  ainl  pl«-nt\.  u«-  i:'a\t-  lln-iu  ->i\  ipiail^  "t  \\lii--k\  !"i  cni- 
I'li-^hi-l  i  it  1-1  >i  ii . 

Aliniii  that  tiiui-  I  \\  c  \"IIIIL:  lailit-^  "-aim-  In  in\  aunt,  \li-~.  ('n!\i-i.  t!"iii 
Nc\\  Vm'k  mi  a  \  i-^it .  'l'hc\  \\i-iv  >i»t IT-  :  Mariah  II  unt.  lln-  ci|i|i->t .  ami  tlir 
>  mi  iiL.rcr.  x\  l\  ia  Ann  Hunt.  <lau^rliliT^  n|'  her  -i-ti-r.  \\liiU-  In-rc.  Iln-t\\ii 
Mi.  \\iiulil--  nia'lc  tln-ir  aci|iiaintani-i'  ainl  nian'inl  tlit-m.  .lulm  \\iJLrht 
ma  rr  ii -i  I  Ma  riali  ami  Sam  i  id  U  i  iulit  mai  Tit-d  "-\l\ui  Ann.  ^a  mud  and  lii-^ 
\\iti-did  nut  li\i-  \t-v\  liappilv  :  -onir  voiin^  iiMTdiant  tYi-in  Tillin  ln-caiiii- 
t"c  in!  iinalc  in  1  lit-  tamih  .  and  in  -nine  \\a\adi\crcf  ua-  lirmiL'til  al»'Ut. 
\\'ri'_rli;  udil  a\\a\.  >u"n  at'ti-r  tin-  orrmTi-nn-.  Mr.  Kut'n-  \\  .  II<-id.  t'n>ni 
Titlin.  inairifd  Mr-.  Wright,  ll'-id  \\a-al  lliat  1  inn-  riiira'_ri>d  \<-\\  lar^cl\  in 
iln-  ni'-i  'i-aiit  i  !••  liii-int---  and  tin-  prndni-i-  Iradc.  lie  Imill  a  lar^'e  ^arehniix- 
in-ai  ilie  di-p.-t  of  tin-  Mad  l!i\iT\  Lake  l\rie  Uailn-ad .  t  lien  in  l-'"i't  Hall. 
The  liiiildin^  i-  n»u  nceiipieil  li\  Ml',  ^('loini  MI  Kmip.  a-  a  dm  <}  .  -a-li  and 
)>1  ind  t'aeti \r\  . 

Mr.    Ri    'i  \\a-  tin     rix.il    nt    Mr     R.   \\  .   Sliawhan.  nn'    nn!\    in   the  nii.-r 
«  ant  lie    Ini-iiu---.  !>!;!   ,tl-i  i  MI   thr    \  a r,(  HI-    i  >  iiilln  t-    in  the    e->t.i! ui-htiii'lit 

()!     ii.lllk--     ill       1   Ittin.     e.K    h     -tl'i\illij      t''     lii'iiillle     lll.l^!'-1'     'it     the     -MU.ltliiM. 

<  hi  i     -MI  i  ee.ii-d.  .ind  the  other  \\  nit  i|n\\  n.       Ren!  t'.iili    i  ,n  Im-inr--.  .uni 
L;;\    n_.   Ir.in-ell     ;|i  ',«  In-  ,ij'|>etite  tor  -'ron^  i!'':',i'k.   l:\i-il  .1   \i-r\   hanl  li!e 
:-  ileath.       Mr--.    Reid   i-,  -till   i:\ini;  in   ('iin  inn.iti 

I   I'll  i -.e    1  il.lt     k  lie\\      Ml'.     Re  .(  !      \\  e  1  1      HIM-!      .n    k  1 1  <  <  \\  i  ei  I  _;  e     ',  ll,l  !      \\  ;  !  1 1    .ill    1)  :- 

t.i'ii!  -.  a'.ii'l   lie  In  re   he  lei  1.   he   | ,.  .---,•-,  >ei  i    |iM-:ne-->    '|;ia!:!:e-  n!   i  hr  lii^lu--; 
iii'ijer.     i  iiiMliitleii     \\lth    .1    \\'i  iin  lei'ill  i     ije^iee     (it     ]n'l"-e\  rraili  e.         lie    \\'.i- 
ui-ir  ii  iii.inU    ainl    eDtirtemi-.  lii^lilv     intelligent    .iin!    .n  <  <  uu|  i!i-hei  1.  pi  >- 
-e--    •:    '  >•    ,i    rare    im  nii>r\.    ami    .1--    the    ]'iv-iiliii_    idtii  IT    oi     i    lini^-.1    »: 
i.  ,\    ,\     M.   hehaii    -i  .irci-l\    hi-    -uperior    ,n    ,in\     ijuaii!\    :liat    ]'|'II|HT!\ 

i  n    '••.';_-    IM    th.lt    - 1 . 1 1  I '  i  II         e  \  i   e  1 1 1    \  1  '•  1 1 1  •  • . 

H  <  .  A    ••'",   \    the   \\  1 1  ril-   in     the   1,1  ie!    iii.iv    lie   alii 'in  ii   iii   him 


I;-;'.    '    ,  Mill   in;-   j.r.M  ee,i. 

U  in  MI   1   u  a-  a  I 'i  MI  I  eli  \  en  \  ear-  i  ild.  I   had  I.  •  :<«  \\  it  h  m\    nndt-.  .lulm   I  lai 
i  i-.  :>  i  t  In-  m  i ;  1  .1 !    \Ii  'ii  1 1  ie\  i  lie.       'I'l  1 1  -  \\  a  -  1 1 1  e    iirai  t  -I   m  ill  In  mil   In  line,  and 
a  I  >i  nil   t  h  1 1 1  \    mil*--  a  u  a>  .        \\  .    ei  iidd  in>t   uet  aei  n--  the  i  i\  ei    \\  it  1 1  a  team  .  -" 


ss  e  took  our  team  home,  and  loading  our  corn  into  a  tinu'-out  a  canoe  made 
nut  of  a  K>u  sse  hauled  il  across  and  unloaded  it  un  the  other  shore.  Thru 
\\  r  In  irn  \\  cd  ;i  s  oke  u!'  ov-ii  from  Mr.  Spicer.  and  a  cart  from  Crow.  •>  we  did 
not  sas  ••  M  is'u  i  "  in  ;n i  Indian,  and  loaded  ii|i  our  corn  and  started.  The 
;ie\i  nielli  \\  c  stopped  \\illianian  hs  the  name  ot'  N  idiols.  near  IJellcvne. 
and  in  tin- e\  riling  ot'  1  In-  second  das  we  readied  Monroe\  ille.  There  were 
a  urreai  mans  cii->t' MIHTS  ahead  ot'  us.  and  there  ssas  no  prospect  Tor  us  to  li'el 
in  for  al'oiil  a  sscek  :  so  we  started  for  Cold  Creek  mills,  which  were  eleven 
miles  in iii  h\\  est  from  here.  Thes  had  just  commenced  dressing  the  mill- 
stones u  IM-II  \\  c  arri\  ed .  and  after  \vailinji  l\voila\s  at  <  'old  ( 'reek.  \\  e  started 
home  \\  it  h  our  u'risi .  At  Cold  ( 'reek  we  bought  a  bushel  of  peaches,  which 
u  ere  then,  and  especial  1\  \\  il  1 1  us  in  the  woods,  a  threat  s  ariet  s .  A  tier  wards 
thes  tiTess  almost  spontaneously .  and  produced  abiindantls  .  until  within 
about  fifteen  sears  ai,ro.  \o\\  it  is  seldom  that  a  crop  of  them  can  lie  raiser] 
in  this  count > .  The  lirsi  ni^lit  on  the  was  home  sse  reaclied  Dr.  Stephen- 
son's.  Tlie  next  da\  our  provisions  yave  out.  \Ve  came  to  a  lire  in  the 
\\oods\\heiea  man  hail  been  chopping,  and  ticinii'  \er.s  huiiLrrs.  ssc  looked 
around  amount  the  lo^s  for  provisions  that  the  wood-chopper  mi^ht  have 
liidden  somewhere,  and  found  rasv  pork  and  bread.  \\'e  divided  e\  en  ssith 
the  man.  and  piittiiiL;  his  half  back  where  it  was.  made  ssas  with  ours,  and 
drove  on.  \Vhen  \\  e  u'ot  home  \\c  were  ^'oue  neai'l\  a  week. 

The  onh  place  ss  here  ss  e  could  ti'et  1'ni it  at  t liat  time  ssas  at  \\'hitecker"s. 
1  eloss  I-'remoiit  about  t  s\  o  miles.  Mrs.  Whitecker  was  a  ss  idoss  and  a  cap- 
list-  ol  the  Senecas.  and  she  receis  ed  this  place  bs  the  t  real  s .  One  time  her 
-~on  .lames  stalled  s\  ith  his  ssa^on  near  our  house,  and  he  had  to  abandon  it. 
When  lie  left  he  told  me  to  tejl  the  >enecas  that  the  wan'on  belonged  to  him. 
and  then  thes  would  not  touch  it. 

Sonic  time  after  we  arrived  here.  I  ssent  up  fhe  riser  ssith  Iliram  Pike. 
ss  ho  ss  anted  to  u'et  a  pair  of  shoes  he  had  up  there  to  u'et  mended.  U'e  came 
to  a  little  clearing  of  about  t  ss  o  acres,  in  the  midst  of  sshidi  ssas  a  cabin. 
lien-  the  shoemaker  lised.  UK  name  ssas  .lohnson.  and  his  cabin  the  mils 
one  on  tin-  r'mht  bank  ot  the  riser  from  the  reservation  I'ar  up  toss  arils  the 
tossn  ol  McCiitdieiis  ille.  l!  ssas  sjiuated  sshere  .lelfersoi  i  and  I'ci'rs  streets 
cross.  'I'he  lirsi  ].._;  heap  that  ssa--  burn!  on  the  Titlin  -.ide.  ssa--  sshere  the 
Cuiiiinel  cia  i  l'i,l  h  L  Ih  i\\  js.  ue\l  ]ol  norl  1 1  of  1  lie  coll  i'l  house. 

Mi.  Ktasiu-  ]',ou  e  lised  near  Ihe  old  I'oi't.on  the  \\esl  bank,  and  Dasid 
^mi!  h  I  ".  I'd  in  a  cabin.  s(1|iiess  heri-  near  o)'  at  l  lit  place  where  the  ( )Iiiu  stove 
works  i, o\-  are.  I'p  t  In-  hill,  in-ai  sshere  McNeal's  slor.-  now  stands,  tliere 
u.i  -  an  old  I  nd  :a  11  cabin,  into  ss  hidi  Mr.  Au'reen  I  IIL:  ra  ham  soon  after  l  nosed. 
1  ''<"-<'  bv  I  hi-  i -a  bin  M  :  .  Milton  \|,  \eal  soon  alter  buill  li  is  store,  and  lie  was 

!  lie    !i;  si    |||i'i  '-h;.li'    o|      i  |;.il    -ide   ot     I  he    IIS  CI1. 

\\'il!'an     I  >.   -he    *S,H,  j  en;,  n-d  S>N   h  ii  nd  ret  i  a  mi  I  <  n't  \  acres  ol   land,  indiid 
i-  .1!  o  :  sv  .H  ds   ,  ,\\  ued    I  is    tin     lies  .  .1 1  Jm    Soiider   and  the  Si  oners. 

•I    calill;    ,ll    !in      >til|de|      place.         ')   liel'i       SS  a  s    no   other   liollsr   ii|| 

^hers\ood    cabiu   and    |-'<>it    Seneca.       Sherssood's 

and    \ ', .  i  -    buried   in   I  !  n     -  ;  •;  i  ,  i  \ ,-  n  -i  |    lii.it    ss ;  ( s   s  i  l  1 1 , ,  l  e  1 1 

s.  (  i    I,'  liii   ..id  ii.  T;:i-n.  and    \\n<   lai"   r.  sjdi  IM-< 

•     !. ; '  .  v  !;i-re    \l  i .    1  "ra ie  is    s\  ac.:ii'-i    nos\ 

S  .,  .      •       r    :   a.,      j-     •  Ml,   ^ne.  \' I's    ,,,M    ss.is  I, ere 


.!    !i-\\     Sral-   .;•_'".    |nnklll'_'    1"!     Ill--    Ill'itlu-l  •'-    '_'l.l\f.    i'lll    '   niild    llll'i    !!••   It. H  I     n|'    It. 

I'him-a-    Fr.'.r\.   ai.nil:.-     <>!.!    -.it!--!,    iiMiTiid   .1    Mi--   I  •  •  \.    M. 

<  MIII  1 1  !_rht  iii;nTi'-d  a  -i-t'-i  .-I   Mr-,  l-'iai  >    .MM  -•tlli-d  up  1 m-  i    \  •  : 
-"nth"!    Tiil'm.       Mi-.   Haiti'';  x.-^m    \\a-nni-ni    !h,    t'n.luan 
-III!  li\  i  ML:  "n  hi- 1   la:  in .  i  MI  l!i'-  i  <  -••!  \  ,it  i'lii.     Tlii-  ' '"in  !•  i !  hmi-1-  1 1 -'-'I  I"  -tain i 
un  thai   |i|;n  '  .       Tlii-    ua-    in. hi'-  "I    ill!'  i     li-n_'ih-  "I    !"•_:-.  i-nriii'i  rd  ,1-  n-ii;i] 
.Illil    \\lltT'     llir   In'.;-    c.illli-    l"'4i-iln-|    .1!    tin-    i   lni-.   !lir\    U.-n-    ll.il  1 1-|  i.-i  i    .lli'l    l.li'l 

"ti  l"|'n|    t-.n-li   "lint.       'I'lir    1    ua-    iii.pl'-    n|    hark.   u:ih  .1  hn!i-    Ji-tl   Hi  tin- 

Illiilillr   In   I'-I    !  In-   -lll"ki-  "111  . 

I    ktirU    ;i!  i    llic    I  IH  I  i.l  !i-  '  Ml    ill'-   !  i  -i -I  \  i   .   .IIP  I   \\  ,i-  \\  i -I '   .c  1 1 II,  il  Il!'-il    \\  il  1 1  I  '!  "\\  . 

lie  ua-  -1'ili-n  \<\  ill.-  \\  \;uii|.ii-  mi  ihi-  l,i'\,ii  II. inn. ill  in  1  Vnn-\  1\  ,iina.  am! 
UMM'ii  I"  111'-  >I-:H-I-;I->.  \\lin  ail'i|il'-'l  linn  (  inu  \sa-  at'i'iil  1  \v "  ''i  llirrt- 
\  i -a  i'-  i  ihl  \\  ! :  i-i  i  In-  \\  a-  laki-n  ;i\\  a\  .  Tin  |MI  i-nl  -  \\  i-ri-  au  ,t\  I  r«  >in  IM 'lnf  al 
lln-  tiuif.  ami  tin-  iillici  i-hilili'i-ii  "il!  all'-r  i'i-iiii'-.  'I'll'  -,r.. !•_''•-  i.'"t  a\\a\ 
\v  il  li  1  lit-  i-lnM  iiii'<li-ci  \  ci|. 

\\  In  ii  I'IMU'-  lat  lu-r  c;i  iin-  I"  Ininl  him  up.  In  -in|i|n-(|  al  ('IM\S'-  atnl  -nil 
t"i '  m\  Lrramllal  In-!  I"  i-i'im-  ainl  i  nli-r|iri-i  1  lit-  mi i\  1-1  -al  inn.  ( ';  n\\  i-miM  ri>'! 
l.ilk  |-!n'_rli-li.  Si  i  I  \\i-nl  aiiniu  ;iml  In-aul  all  thai  ua-  -aid.  Mr.  -la.-.'l' 
Kni-«-l\  i  aim-  mi  hnr-i-Lai-k  1"  Innk  I'm'  hi-  -mi.  II'-  -lali-'l  al!  almiil  llit- 
in.inni-r  i  >1  l  In-  -li-aliiiL:'  "1  hi-  -nil.  ami  -an I  In-  had  IM  >u  \i-ilrd  ail  ; hi-  1' "I •_:••> 
nl  1  hi-  i  •!  hi-i  I  nhc-  \\'il  IP  ml  -nci-i'--.  M  \  L:  r;i  lid  lat  lu-r  had  I  n-'-n  u  il  h  tin  Si-ii- 
cra-  -i  i  iinii'h  1  h;il  In-  -|M  i|\c  i  In'ir  laiiuuau'i-  i|  n  il  ••  iliii-nl !  \  .  1 1  r  \\  a-  «>ni-  «'t 
t  In-  |V\\  u  h"  inadi-  1  heir  i--ra|n  at  t  In-  ina--,n'M-  »!  \\  \  "ininu. 

Tln-\  t.dk'-d  a  Imiu  1  in  i'-.  C\«\\  did  iml  \v  anl  I"  talk  :  di-nn-d  i-\  i-r\  M-t-dl- 
'  -ct  imi  "1  hi-  u  hiti-  aii'-i--l  r\  .  and  utli-n  i  i-l  n-i-d  1"  -_ri\  r  an\  an-\M-i  .  |-'inall> 
\lr.  Kni-»-!\  -aid  1"  him.  "  It'  \mi  ait-  m\  -"li.  Iln-n  \mii  nann-  I-  .lai-nh." 
U  ith  ihi-.  ('rn\\  iinn|ii-d  ii|>  and  -aid.  "Thai  i-  ni\  name,  and  I  am  \«nir 
-' m:  I  1 1  •'  -i  'Hi  -i  i  |  hat .  hut  I  ki'i'l  it  all  t>  •  in  \  -i-ll'  l>  n  I  ra  r  1  hat  -nine  I  mils  u  milil 
•lain  i  i  MI'  and  iaki  nn-  a  \\  a  \  .'  I  'i  n\\  i  In-n  -i-nl  up  In  |  In  \\  \.ind"'-  and  had 
111-  l'i  '-tr  r-nii  ,;  In  r  i -i  ill  H'  il<  i  \s  n.  \\  In  i  ciil  ml  M  \\  at'  d  Ml.  K  1 1  l-'-i  \  '-  \  i-l-in|i  n|  I  hi- 
-ti'a'nnL'i't  h;-  i-hild.  '-In'  \\a-a  \i-r\  n]d  -ipiau.  and  -;a\>-d  -'-\'-ra!  da\-. 
.Hid  a-  l"im  ,i-  \l  i  .  K  ni-i-h  -ta\  i-d.  1"  -ai  :-l  \  In-r-i'il  I  na!  <  i  <>\\  \s  mi!d  imi  ^n 
hark  u  ith  hi-  talln-i .  M '. .  K  n !-•  1  \  t  rii-d  r\  i-r\  \\a\  t.'j 

i  i,n  •  I-,  \\  it  !i  him  ;  n  |Vn  n-\  !\  a  n  ia  :    In-   -aid    t  i'.i  i    hi-    v. '?!.•  :'  '••  -•  'in< 

t  ;nn-  :    i  hai    -In-   had   i il  m-d    In:     InT    '"-'    •  ':  \'  »n\>\ 


I  Id 

lion.     Tear-  eame  into  his  r\ r>  when  he  looked  at  the  old  reservation,  and 

he  reuretled  1  hat   he  had  e\  er  left. 

W I ini  tin  Seneca-  u  ere  paid  otT.  ( 'row  ri-ceiv  ed  for  his  improvements  nine 
hundred  and  lift)  dollar-,  and  anoiher  Indian  paid  him  fifty  dollars  on  an 
old  delil.  Martin  I, am-  ua-an  interpreter  for  the  Seneeas.  and  went  with 
them  to  thf  \\i-st.  and  returned  here. 

it  i-  a  mo-i  remarkable  fact,  that  while  it  i-  \  er\  hard  to  make  a 
ci\  ili/ed  man  out  ol  a  -a\  agv.  the  ci\  ili/ed  man  take-  to  -avage  lite 
likt  a  ii-l;  to  \\  ater. 

*  "1.  M.  Ilvam  ua-  the  chie!  agent  for  the  Seneca-,  and  often  -topped 
«itii  l.atu-  at  the  >picer  pla<  e.  The  Seneca-  were  \er\  slow  getting 
ivad\  to  go.  Pinalh  the\  got  their  thing-  on  the  wagon-  and  -tarted. 
Spu  er  wa-  dead  before  the\  left  here. 

(  'ro\\  died  at  hi-  new  home,  of  <  hoi  era.  White  ( irow  got  rich,  and 
adopted  the  name  ot  hi-  grandtather  Kni-ei\. 


i -i  i  I.K   PORK. 

\  man  1»\  the  name  ot  liena/ah  Parker  li\ed  on  the  we>t  -ide  ol  the 
street,  near  \\here  l.oren/o  Mibntt  had  hi-  -lore,  in  the  village  then 
tailed  M<  N'mt'-  ( 'orners.  atlerwards  Swo|ie's  Corners,  and  now  l-'ort 
Seiiei  ,s.  I'arker  kept  a  \\hi-k\  -lioji.  and  often  -old  whisk\'  to  the  In 
i!;an-  in  violation  oi  la\\.  and  tor  which  he  wa-  irequently  arrested,  and 
lined.  N  ft  lu-  went  mi  in  hi-  intainou-  business.  In  the  ni^lit  ol  the 
;th  o!  (  )i  tol  MM",  i  S  jrj.  the\  we- re  ha\  i  DL;  a  h  IL;!I  1 1  me  at  Parker's.  The 
\\hoir  _.i:u  wa-  drunk,  and  Parker  admini-trred  a  mock  -acramcnt  to 
i-  drunken  <  n  i\\-d.  Seated  about  on  bem  hcs.  lu-  pa-sed  i  orn  d miners  to 
them  lor  bread,  and  \shi-k\  for  wine,  accompanied  \\ith  bla-phemou- 
remark-.  Pork  wa-  theri.-.  Ilr  \\a-  a  mean,  ill  -tempered  -a\a^e.  had 
•  oinmittrd  -r\era  ri  -r-.  and  had  no  redeeniini;  trait  about  him. 

Pork  a-kcd  tor  \\hi-k\-.  and  Parker  retu-iiiu.  he  became  \  er\  angry  and 
liiilv.  Parker  onleri-d  him  out.  and  Pi  irk  reln-niL;  to  L;O.  Pai'ker  took  a 
b'iniiiiL:  -'  m  the  llreplace.  .ind  making  with(  that  towards  Pork, 

w.i-  -tabbed  b\    Pork  -ide.       Pork  dropped  the  knife  and  ran. 

Say-   Mr.   II. 

M  •  iiiii-lr.  \n-oii  i.ra\.  \\a-  at  Parker'-  at  the  time  thi-  oemrn-d.  He 
n-i-d  tn  drink  \<  e\ee--  often  at  thai  tini".  Imt  he  al'ti-rwards  refnrmed. 
I  ieeaipe  hinlilx  re  -]"•.-;  a  Me  a  i  id  u  i-all  h>  . 

mne.  and  u  hen  In-  \\i-nt  !•  >  ln-d  he  -1  nek  hi-  -<  -alp  in  u 

l\llili-   :  '      •     ,  .-    rlo-r    \,\     |:j^    lied,    and    \\ithili     I'eaeliillU    ili.-lanec. 

••'  jii.i        i  ,i  i!  ieed    ;  hat    !  he]  e    \\  a-    -Mni«-t  h  MIL;    \\*i  nim.  and    u  lien    I'm  1\  \\  a- 
•  '  I1  -he  li'i'K  the  knife  a  \\  a ',   and  put  a  \\ooden  one  in  it-  place. 

ind    Liet  1 1  HL;  a  u  arrant    d  >v  \  In-  arre-t    ot 
I  ••    v    .1 .  dje  .!,,,     ,      I  i  ;,i  M.II'  .  OKI   ni'  the  l,.--t  and  im>-t  iiilliit-nt  ial  ol'  IIH-II  in 


I  III       II  \KKI-     I    \  M  I  I  \  .  I   I  ; 

thai  \ieinil\.  tnnk  \\nli  linn   .Ii-nathan    AI'I>"U.  An^m   <ii.i\.  "Mi-pln-n    II  •  >- 
.1  -ivmiah  1 1  ;i>  s.  .lull  1 1   1 1  a i  i  is.  -<il  is  l'ik>-  and   i  I  rni  \   Vc.iUs  .      Uh>-n  I  In-\   ^«( 

hi    I'.-lk's   hulls.-   lit-    pimped    "Hi    n|    lied.  l,,,,k    In. ill    1. 1    the   \\Mt.d.-ll    kill!.',   kl'-k-  -I 

i  -Ml  I  lir  lantern,  a  ii>  I  -I  i  iifk  .1  IIML;I    1 1  in  I  mil   \\  ii  li  I  In-  u li-ii  k  n:  !••  \\  it  h  --ii'-li 

IHII-C  Iha!  In-  cut  hi-  ln-lin--m.ide  i-lnlli  ...eiv.i!  in  Ihe  skin.  'I'!,--  .link--- 
eallt-d  mil.  "  IMA  s.  hi-  is  st.diliim.;  ,,,,..'  Th«-\  li.iilah.ini  st  m-.'^'i-  u  itli  tin- 
\illaiii.  I  >i  1 1  linalh  siil.d  ned  him.  T!n-s  pni  him  "ii  .t  In  -i  -i-.  and  ;  ii-.i  ii  i  ^  lei  i 
^"^elhei  ninlei  lln-  In-i'se.  in  |Ti  \i-nl  esi  apt  .  <  M:  lln-  ua\  '»  'I'.'hii  !n-  s.ml 
h  i  his  fsi-nrl .  •  |'i  I-!IM  ii  :  i  >\\  lin  1 1  n-  :"  I  h  i  n  k  ;  n-_;  !  ha  I  h-  \s  •  'nl.|  hi-  i-\"->-iiIi-i| 

'I'hcv    pill   him  inln  lli.-  nl<l  III-\M-C|  In-     .11!  thai   -I I  a'  tin-  s,nn  h-t-.i-i  mini-! 

•  !  lln-ciiiMt  hi'iisi-  \  aril  in  Tillin.  I'^ik  ua>  Ir'n-il  .liiil-i  I  ..m--  IM  i-sii!jn^. 
.mil  S\a>si'ii!  In  tin-  |n-nili-lil  ial  \  In!  .1  li-rin  n|  Ihlri-  \cais;  lui;  \\li.-n  tin- 
^••iii-cas  h-l'i  hi-  \\as  pai'h im-il  am!  \\i-ni  \\ith  lln-m.  Th<  si-nii-ii'-i-  \\;is  maih- 
liirlil  fi  urn  l  hi-  I'ai-I  thai  I'ark'-r  ha<l  nlti-n  \  'miali-il  I  In-  law  .  in  si-llni-j  u  hisk\ 
in  the  Indians.  Aln-1  Ifa  \\snn  \\as  pi  i  is,-,  u!  inu  al!<Miii-\. 

I'aikn  li\i'd  siiini-  lit'ti-fii  iiionths  alli-i  In-  \\as  si;ihln-d  .  ;m.|  din!  h.im  lln- 
i-l'l'i-i-ls  nl  ihi-  \\iniiid.  as  it  \\as  siip|Misc,| . 

>•  in  ii-  ti'iir  \  i-;n>  at'ti-r  tin-  Sciifi-as  \\  ml  aua\ .  .li«srph  I  I'-i  i  in  .  a  hall  I  •  !.•!>•  I 
Mi -hauls,  i -a  lin-  !n-rr  i-n  a  vi>it.  \\'hilr  In-n-  In-  li-ailird  I  ha  I  I'm  k  had  kilkd 
.li»s«-ph  Silas,  a  ntii>iii  ul'  his.  Ilcrrin  said:  "'I'liis  makrs  I  hn-i- <  misins  u| 
mini-  thai  I'mk  has  killed,  and  \\lu-n  I  i-min-  In-nii-  I  kill  1'i-rk."  Hi-  ki-pt 
his  \\  it rd.  and  u  hi-n  in  1  ^>L'  \\  h  ilr  (  'i  i  >\\  i-aim-  In-i'i-.  In-  s;i  id  i  ha!  "  1 1  en  i  n 
IsiH-rki-d  I'lifk  di-u  n.  and  nit  his  t  hi'-  -at  clear  nil ." 

I  in!  irrnch  1  s.i\  s  ilia!  1'itrk  hail  <  i  iiiinntlril  in-  less  than  r:_;li;  nriri  U-i  >. 
lie  was  .1  (\i\nu.i.  ,i  sialuari.  l>nita!  minister,  ami  ;lu-  renm  1-1'  tl:e 
neiuhtu  ii'ln  n  >•  i.  Il<-  hiil  killed  Sti'i-n^  \rm  le_;Maii:.i  an  Imii.in  »' 
;ns  trilte.  Mist  liet'itre  'He  latal  aitV,i\  \\ith  I'arker.  I'-ull:  h.n!  lu-eii  a; 
I  i  -  \v  e  i  >an'iiisk\.  .  1 1 1 1  i  r  e  1 1 1  r  n ;  1 1  L:  1 1  >  <  1 1  u  •  1 1  r  1 1  n  k .  ^  1 1 1  ;  n !  1 1  .  i  ! ;  ^  i :  t  \\  i ; !  i  axes-. 
l'e<  piania  u  a-  ha-  ih  mangled.  1  )m  inr  I  >n-sli.u  h.  <  >i  I'itnn.  dressed  his 
\\iitinds.  '.in  he  died  :n  nine  d.i\s.  1'iirk  aUn  kilh-il  "  ri:i-'n.is  Hr. null's 
,iid  \\  ilr."  as  she  \\  .is  (  ailed,  u  In  -  li\  fd  ,n  a  i  al>in  1  -\  her-,-' ;.  lie  nie! 
her  i  -in  d.i \  .  killed  her.  and  i  >  >\  ered  he|-  renia : iis  \\  , ;  ii  1  ir'ish . 

1  '>  -I-'K  vvas  seiitein  ei  i  \>  ir  "  s;  altl  t;  iu  u  1 1  h  ;  n'  ent  !•  -  k  ill."  in  ' ''.  •  I '  i  ike: 
i  a  se.  ''ii  the  j.S;  h  i  -t  A  |  -n  1,  i  S  ;  . 

Mr.    I  larris  i,r..i  ,  eds  ; 

\\  1 1 !  |i-  Mi.  I  nui  iiham  li\  ed  in  1  he  i  nd  eal  iin  neai  N|e\eal's  -; . .;  e.  l  he  \\  In  -!i- 
!  a  mi  1  \  ti  mis  siek  .  and  in-  «-iii-  uas  al-le  1.1  hel|i  I  he  H!  hei .  Mr-  Man!>-\  \\  .-n; 
:ip  and  \\  ait--d  i  -n  !  hem.  1  >ne  i  -I  i  In-  I  ni:  raham  i;i  r!s  man  ii-d  a  \h.  \|.-i  ,e--. 


A  I  limit,  tin-  \.-nnur''sl  --I    tin-   AI-l-Mf.  lamiU  .  u  In-  i  -  --;  •!!  !i\  inu. 

(  Hd  Mr.  \ndre\s  I  Mikes.  ;,!s, ,  .,,,  ,,),]  ^rn  |,.,  .),,,,  |  ,,,,,  s,m  .  .|,  ,|m  ,  and  .'in- 
daughter,  suphi  a.  I -\  his  m-^i  \\  iie,  1 1«  m  1 1  ,;•-.!.!.  M  Itis  seenn-l  u  ile.  \I  i  - 
( t  il  lit-  S\\  iinm.  ulni  \\asa  uid"\\.and  ^isier  i-i  \l'.  Is.iai  I.  I  Minn'inl.  lie 
1  i  \  fd  in-ar  tin-  1  >i  l  is  i  -s'  i  -in  \  MI-J  •_: !  i  'i  1 1  n  I .  I  >n  lin  -In  I  m..l  l  i'-d  •  'Id  NI  i  .  I  >i  ilsi-s' 
daiiu'hlei.  >nph:a.  .l"hn  I  >nkes  m  ,!  i  i.-,|  am -I  In  :  isi,..,,;  \| :  .  |  ],  ,,., ..  ,  <• 


H  \  K  I  '     H  1 1  '  k  o  K  \ 

U'as  a  lar^e.  noble  looking  man.  and  nearly  halt  white,  about  six  loot 
high,  had  little  chin  whiskers.  \vas  very  straight  and  muscular,  spoke 
Knglish  well,  and  was  highly  respected.  lie  had  a  large  nose,  and  was 
about  tit'tv  vears  old  when  thev  lett. 


HOOD     II  IN  I  i.K 

U'as  of  niediiun  height,  had  a  mclancholv  look,  most  always  drooped 
his  head,  walking  or  sitting,  but  had  a  sharp  eye.  and  was  considered 
smart.  lie  was  a  lull  blood  Seneca,  a  little  grav.  about  fifty  years  old. 
and  took  the  place  of  Seneca  John  after  he  was  killed. 


SKXKCA    JOHN 

\Vas  a  splendid  looking  Indian,  strictly  honest,  as  many  of  the  Senecas 
were,  was  very  straight,  square  shouldered,  and  had  a  frank,  open, 
noble  look.  lie  carried  a  silver  ring  in  his  nose,  and  one  in  each 
ear.  He  wore  a  fur  hat  and  broadcloth  coat,  cut  Indian  fashion,  with  a 
belt,  and  a  silver  band  three  inches  wide  on  each  upper  arm.  He  was 
a  stylish  man.  and  ot  commanding  bearing.  He  lived  near  (Ireen 
Springs  when  he  was  executed,  then  about  thirty-eight  years  old. 

sKNKt    \     STKKI 

U'as  a  small   Indian,  very    active,  but    there    was    nothing   otherwise  un 
common  about  him.       Seneca   |ohn.  ('oinstock  and  ('ooiistick  were  his 
brothers. 


M  r.  M  ontgoinei  \  preached  Spicer's  funeral  sermon.  (  icor^e  1  lerri  ). 
a  halt  Mohawk,  was  interpreter,  and  gave,  the  sermon  in  the  Indian, 
sen! ciii  e  bv  si  ntem  e.  Slo\\  preaching.  • 

(  hie  of  Spii  er's  boys.  Small  ('hmd.  was  a  fine  looking  tellow.  a  hall 
blood.  He  married  ('row's  daughter  }>\  his  IIIM  wile.  l.ittle  Tou  n 
Spicer  ha  '  ir  lour  wives.  I  >oth  t  hese  Spicer  bo\  s  went  \\  est  wit  h 

the  >i-nc.  as. 

\Vhen  .  :  iiai  was  buried  they  built  a  pen  of  poles  about  three 

tVe!  hi_!i  '  gra\e,  and  laid  poles  over  the  top.  Mefore  thev 

left  I'1"  \  '  '  •  pens  awa\  and  threw  the  poles  over  the  bank. 

('ro\<    wa-   i  _in-at  deer  hunter,  and  shot  m,ui\  a  line  buck  alter  nrrht. 


lie   \MHild   tllell   <  .UI\    a    pole  Ion.;,   po;i 

lork  at  the  upper  end.  \  piei  e  01  hark,  about  M:U  i-n  ;n.  he-  \\:d  and 
lu-i  !eet  h>n^.  u.i-'  tautened  to  tlie  !>>IK  -MI  a-,  to  in. ike  the  !»>ttoi.y  level 
and  the  oilier  end  •'tii  kliu  <Ip  aioIU  the  |niie.  like  a  h-fe!  I  \  i  illdie 

\\,t^  put  into  the  bottom  part,  and  *  io\\  lioldm.;  tl;.^  o\er  hi-  head.,  u  a  - 
in  the  -hade,  'out  •  ouid  ->ee  .ihjei  t-  lar  oil  |  .  :  \\ould  look  a!  ;!;•• 

liLilit.  aiui  no!   iiolu  e  (    ro\\    in  "die    dark        A--    -.mui    a-   (   r»\\    -aw   a  deci 


Thi>  \\a>  i  ai'.ed  "lire  liuiit  in.;,"  and  (  r  >u  would  al\\a\--  :ra\el  .don.; 
ilu-  ed_;e  o;  the  river.  vvheie  the  lieci  \\.iulil  i  nun-  do\\n  :»  iir:nk  .tin! 

Tin-  lrnl;.i;i>  III.K!'-  their  w.i\    i  .unilr-  !.\    M-MI.;    i  .  .  ;..i   \\  '.,  k-. 

.tii'i  |n)iir;!!^  'in'  niclU'd  \\.i\  ;iiti>  »!r\  ••'."<  K^  ••'.  \.\\<-  \\;ii!  |i.ir-»n:  j-.  uh:'  ]< 
iln-\  u-cil  .1-  .  ,miih-  iii'HiliU.  1  !ir\  ti.nl  .timtliiT  li^tit  tm  IHUI-M^  u>e. 
ni.nlr  HI  >tri]»  nl  Ml  ]i"t'k.  \\iiii  1;  urn-  lirini  in  the  <  liiiniu-\  -,  :.t>u-nril 
tn  ,i  stii  k  -MI  tii.it  ;lu'\  tiling  >'  r.i;_h:  >  \<  <\\  n.  \\  hen  i  ir\  ,un  I  li.ini.  the^c 
uere  -stu<  k  iiitu  .1  hole  iioi'eil  iiitti  a  i  iiiji.  lor  .1  i  .unll<-  >t:i  k.  .in«l  tlicn 
lit,  in.ikinu  -i-  n'»'>.|  ,i  h_;h;  ,i>  .1  <  indie.  I'll"  n.tnir  tor  j  i  .imlU-  \v.i> 


I'll  el'e  U.l->  I  ^I'e.lt  i|e,ll  ill  ^li  klle-».  .iniollu^t  tile  >el!e<  .1-  ,;i  iSjJ,  .Mlii 
lii.lll\  i  ilei  i.  I  he\  1  iel  ie\  ei  1  thelll>el\  e>  !  >e\\  I  !i  lied.  ,11,1  1  hi  >1<  !i  P.;  a  i  i  inn 
i  il  mi  the  -u!>|e<  !.  eoiitleimieil  Imir  jnnir  old  N^U.IU-,  to  In-  tom.duukol 
lor  witi  In  rait.  Ne\t  il.ty.  the^e  s,|iia\\->  \\eiit  to  I  ouer  >ani!u^k\  .unl 
iioii_;h!  u-liiNkv.  \\lien  the\  i  anie  liaik  the\  u"!  drunk,  and  when  in 
t!ia!  i  olidltlon  the\  -aid  the\  were  re.idv  ,  and  told  the  executioner  to 
••iiit  a  u  a  \  .  (  >  i  K  •  Indian  killed  them  all.  II,--  name  u  a  >  |  :  :  ;  i  ^  k  \  . 

>a\  >   Mi.    1  1  art  ;>  : 

A     I'fU     i|;i\->    alliT    till1     i-M-i'llt  ji  ill     Milnrnt     tlir      llnli.lll--    hlvliulll     i  In-   t<i|||;t  - 

ii;i\\  K  ti  i  in  \  ui  Mil'  I  l.i  I  In-  1  '-  ^In  i]  i.  ti  '  li;i\  i-  i  I  put  int>  '  I  n-1  ti-r  ^h;i|n-.  It  \s  a>  .1 
"\<\  pi-  1  1  in  i.  ilia  u  k  >IMI|I  ;iltri  a  \  iiiinu'  1  ml  ian  <  aim-  in  an<l  ^.i\\  I  In-  l"in.i  - 

1  1,  i  \\  k  la\  1  IIL;  "\i  i  In-  1  naieli  .  \\  In-n  In-  I  ifi  iki-  i  iiit  in  a  \\<  Ml  il  i|i-  i  i.it  h  .  and  tulil 
iiH-  1"  la\  i!  ;i\\;i>.  In!'  that  had  kill'-'l  hi--  nianiina.  lie  tlii-n  erii-il  a'l'U.l  ;i 
lnir_;  I  inn-.  1  1  i>  Miiim-  \\  ;i->  <  iii'nl  >|iriiiLj. 

Si-ni-i-;i  .li'-i'pli  had  an  M|I|  ^i|iia\\  li\Miu  \\llh  him  \\lin  \\;i->  >n  --pri  I  t-i  i  ..[ 
in-ill  -4  a  >'.  it  '  1  1  .  *»ln-  u  a->  v  i-r\  ->ii-|\.  ;tn<l  M  r->.  ^t  .1  n  \<-\  n^i-d  t"  1^1  >  n\  i-r  In  -.ri- 
lirr  nil  -n.  <>!!'•  i  la  \  .  \\  I  it-  1  1  -In-  ran  ii-  i  hi  -re  !  In-  i  i'n  I  M  i  H.I  \\  \\  a-  i|r:nl.  aii'l  ;il! 
1  1  1  a  u  n  1  1  11  '  •  i  '  "  'i-.  <•'  I  :  -i'  lli-  \  maili-  a  eii  inked  ura\  e  I  •  •  hi  hi-r.  'l'h>-\  la'.il  I  >a  i  k 
nil  !  lie  In  'I  I  '  'in  .  \\  :  a  |i|n-i|  I  ii  -i  in  a  i  'la  nk  i  1  .  put  I:  !  ;  n  and  ei  i\  i-n-ii  li.-i  \\  it  h 
I  iai  k  .  and  I  I.eii  ii!  |ei|  up  i  In-  -r.p,  r  \\  M  h  d  :  n  . 

(  Mir  1  1|  I  hi-  >lii|i|n->  u'i  I  K  eanie  In  nil  i  I  .....  -.1-  i  iin-  i  la  s  i  'i  i  !  1  1  1  :  ^i  -I  iai  k  ;  ha\  mu 
heai'il  -Miine  uni\i->.  !in\\i.  -.hi-  ua^  atrai  I  in  U"  hniiii-  alniie.  and  --nine  n| 
niir  l'i  '  I  k  -  had  i'  '  -_;i  i  \s  il  h  ln-i  .  "-h'-  alt  1-1  \\  a  i  d-  111,11  1  iei|  .1.  .|in  Ka  ki-t-..  and 
Mr.  !•!•  /in  Ui'k'-l-v  in  I  |II|M-UI-||  lii\\n>hip.  i-  a  -nil  n|  \\illi.iin  Ui.'ket>. 
lirnt  her  In  .Ii  ihn. 


120  HISTORY     01-     SKNKCA    IXH'NTY. 

The  wolves  used  to  make  a  fearful  howl'my  noise,  which  they  sometimes 
kept  up  all  uiiilit.  No  one  can  now  imagine  what  terrible  feelings  the  howl- 
ing of  the  wolves  \\oiild  create,  on  a  dark,  wintry  niyht.  when  we  were  in 
bed  :  Ihewohcs  ho\\  liny  on  the  one  side,  anil  the  Indians  keeping up  their 
everlast  iny  t  inn.  t tun.  t inn.  on  the  ot her.  dancing  all  iiiyhl . 


MO i  \i>    r.i  II.DI.KS. 

There  were  se\eral  mounds  on  the  Culver  place,  and  we  often  plowed  up 
hones  and  ancient  crocker\.  In  ls~)0  we  opened  one  of  these  mounds,  and 
found  a  \  er\  la  rye  skeleton,  with  a  \\ell  shaped  skull,  and  a  stone  pitcher 
near  the  head.  The  pitcher  seemed  to  have  been  made  of  sand  and  Ha\. 
Small  vessels  of  the  same  material,  filled  with  clam-shells,  were  placed  inside 
of  the  elbows.  Some  of  these  pitchers  \\ould  hold  half  a  gallon.  We  yave 
them  to  ( Jen.  1  Jrish.  These  things  were  as  wonderful  to  the  Indians  as  to  us. 


HORSK-RACK. 

Some  time  after  Doctor  I  >resbach  came  to  Ti Hi n.  he  and  Mr.  .Josiah  i led  yes 
and  their  riders  came  to  the  Spicer  place  to  have  a  horse-race.  They  had  a 
straight  track  made  through  Spicer's  corn  lields.  Dresbacli  had  a  small  yra\ 
mare.  Hedges'  horse  was  a  bay  belon,<>'in^  to  a  friend  of  his  b\  the  name  of 
Council.  McNeal's  clerk  rode  the  I  )resbach  mare,  and  Albert  1 1 ei lyes  rode 
the  Council  mare.  Hedges'  bay  won. 

The  same  da\  the  Council  horse  ran  a»ainst  some  body's  elese  horse,  on 
the  same  track.  At  the  outcome  the  bay  stopped  short  and  threw  Albert 
Iledyes  clear  over  the  fence,  and  he  had  his  ankle  dislocated.  They  came 
down  here  to  have  the  race,  because  they  could  find  no  other  place  ;.o  free 
from  stumps.  The  track  was  straight  from  the  bank  of  the  river  to  the  hill 
where  Mr.  Toomh's  house  now  stands.  This  was  the  lirst  horse-race  in 
Seneca  ci 


'HA  I1'  '!•  .!•;   \'II. 


1HK    SKNKCA    C  H  i  K I     PkhSKNlS    IHK    GOVKKNOK    Ul     CANADA    WilH     >,:    AVI    k 
1CAN    SCALPS       I  ALL     CHILI'       I  ML      FUgUANlAS      KILLING     I  Ml.     sgt,'A\\      Oi 
GKOKGL     WASHING  ION     JL'DGL     Hl.'LBURT      CAI.KH     K !  C K      HKNj     Cl'LVKK 
RbV      JAMKS     H      F1NLAV      C.  A  I>  I       JOSLI'H      MRS       INGHAM      C  A  I"  1       JOSKi'H 
CAP  I  .    SUhkWOOD      SKL1CHO1     MRS     IN  I,  HAM      KAkl.V     .\1AkklAGKS 


Till.  >e!iei  a-*  uere.  .i!  mil.-  Mne  ,n  thru  liUd  M-\  .  a  \  e:'\  ;..iurrl':' 
r;n  c.  and  .1!  M  >;it  i  lir  i  inu-  M!  tin-  rt-\  nlut inii.ir\  \\  ar  !  he  nn  >^t  -  i\  .!_ 
and  <  nirl  "i  .ui\  ni  thr>c  iiin^t  nii)n^trr>.  \hi>ut  ilu-  t;mr  thi-\  t'^ik 
|>()>M-s>ii)n  Hi  thi'ir  ri->iT\  at  inn  in  SriK'i  a  <  niinl\.  ilirir  \\,i^  ,(  ,ij-(  rj\ 
aiu  tiling  U'l't  "I  tlu-ni.  and  (liusf  ihal  did  ->cuU  hrrc  \\rrr  ,  in:\<.-.| 
ralililc  i>t  -^(Ari'al  iriin^.  hall  lii'crd-^  and  <  a|»ti\  *.••». 

lui'  :IK  i  IT  ill  an  a  <  rii!  ur\  lhi>  I  riln1  had  lu-rn  in  >  nniai  '  \\  ^;ii  -lu- 
\vhiu-  rat  r.  in  pcari-  and  in  war;  and  mMrad  n|  di-riviu^  ih;  iu-in-ii: 
whii  h  naturally  'in^lu  in  ha\i-  toll.i\M.-d.  n-'im  1)1-,  ;n;ima<v.  ;!u-\ 
(k-ti-riorau-d  t»  innri-  al>H'<  t  !>arban~>in  still.  ,md  du;ndl<-d  d'iuii  !n  ,t 
handlul  Hi'  dirty,  •siujnd.  >:i]uT>t  itinn--.  wnrtliK^-<  rabble.  Mad  iini 
thi>  i  niinty  nnci-  bn-n  thru'  IMHIU-.  and  brt-n  nanird  attrr  llu-tn.  n»b<>d\ 
•uniil'l  i  arr  t»  read  or  Irarn  an\  tiling  aboni  them.  \  -  i-,,  ;lu-  rradn 
•A  i  Hi  id  ->i  an  c  br  ->at  i-^iii'd.  in  |>cni>  n_;  a  h  >!«  n~\  i  M  tht>  >  >  >".,\l\  .  \\  : ;  h.  >•;: 
having  an  <  i]i| »  >v\  un ;  t  \  tn  learn  ail  thriv  \\a-~  M|  the  in.  a  in!  \\hat  ihe\ 
were  like  \siieii  t!ie\  I'Maiiied  .  >\er  the  ^I'n'.iiid  tiiat  <  mi  t  a  i'--  ^M  main 
ha|'|>\  hiiliH'--  )•>  iHiu  eli|n\ed  b\  the  ]ien]i|e  hen  .  \li  the^e  a';n^  •]'• 
IP\  nia^p  .  i>  i!  \\ere.  -HH  e  ihe  !a-t  -atanii  sell  ni  the-i  i  ,,';->,;x  .>< 

ilu-  \\if.d-,  died  MII  the  .U-M  i'   air. 

I '  1 ,  e    manner  in  \\  1 1  •  <  h    i  1 1  e    \\  i  ; :  -.  i  i    _  i  r,  e  r  1 1 1 1 1  <  •  n  t    .  a  r :  .  •  • 

\\  a  r  >  \\  i  I  h  'he   I    n  i  I  e  d  x !  a  t  •  •  ^ .  i  i  \    making  !  1 1  e  -M    red  n  e  n  d  •-  I  i .  i  • .  .  t  n  > : 

- 1 1 1 ,  i .  I  v  ;  n  _  ;  h  i  •  n  i    \\  :  1 1 1    e  s  e  r  v  t  h :  i  u    :  i  e ed  I  n  i    '  <>    !•>-,,  r  t  ,,•,     •  i , .        ,-•;,.'• 


Tin-  relation  i»f  I  i real  llritain  with  the  western  savages,  and  the 
po\\er  this  ml  all\  exercised  mi  the  western  Irontier.  is  clearly  shown 
in  a  letter  that  I  >r.  I'ranklin  furnished  the  .////,•//<  <///  Kcmemhrancfi',  an 
.aiithorin  which  n<  >bod\  will  dispute. 

The  I'.ritish  uovcrnment  had  sent  its  agents  to  all  the  Indian  tribes 
to  enlist  the  sa\ae;e-<  against  the  colonists.  The  Americans  sent 
r.eniauiiii  |-ranklin  to  Paris  to  secure,  it  possible,  the  aid  ol  l''rance 
in  tavor  of  his  eountrytnen.  1'r.  1'ranklin  wrote  an  article  tor  the 
.////(•;•/('<///  Kt'int'iii/'i'iiiii'i'/',  which,  in  thai  dav.  exerted  a  very  powerful 
intlncnce  in  Loih  Kurope  and  America.  It  purported  to  be  a  letter 
from  .1  I'.ntish  officer  to  the  (iovernof  ol  ('anada,  accompanying  a 
present  ot  ei^ht  pa<  ka^es  ot  scalps  o|  the  colonists,  which  he  had 
received  t'rom  the  chiet  ol  the  Senecas.  As  a  very  important  part  ot 
the  histon  D|"  tin  limes,  the  letter  should  be  recorded.  It  wasus  follows: 

••.\P\<\    I  r   I'l. i:\si;   Yuri:    K\<  Ki,i.r.\<  •>  : 

"At  the  ivimest  ni'  the  Seneca  eliief.  I  herebx  si'inl  to  \oiir  Ivxeeilenev. 
under  the  care  of  .lames  I  Io\  t .  ei^ht  packages  of  scalps,  cured.  < I rird.  hoopccl 
ami  painti-d  \\itli  all  tin-  triumphal  marks,  nf  \\hieh  tin-  following  is  (lie 
iiivuii-f  and  explanat  imi: 

••\n.  1  ('uiilaiiiiiiy  fort)  -  three  sealps  o|'  ('OIILOVSS  solilicrs.  killed  in 
ditiereiit  skirmishes.  These  are  stretched  mi  black  hoops,  lour  inches  in 
diameter.  The  inside  of  the  skin  is  painted  red.  \\itli  a  small  black  spot,  to 
denote  their  heiirj;  killed  with  bullets:  the  hoops  painted  red:  the  skin 
painted  brown  and  marked  uith  a  hoe;  a  black  circle  all  round,  to  denote 
their  beinir  surprised  in  the  niuht:  and  a  black  hatchet  in  the  middle. 
siL,rnif>  inu'  their  beiim'  killed  \\  ill  i  (hat  weapon. 

••No.'J  Containing  the  scalps  of  ninet)  -ei.^ht  farmers,  killed  in  their 
houses;  (mops  red.  liu'ure  of  a  hoe.  to  mark  their  profession;  Ljreat  white 
circle  and  sun.  to  -dio\s  the\  \\ere  >nrpi'i>ed  in  da\  time;  a  little  red  foot,  to 
show  the\  stood  upon  their  defense,  and  died  li^htim;-  for  their  lives  and 
families. 

"Nil.:!  ( 'oulaiuiui;  ninety-seven,  of  farmers:  hoops  n'reen.  to  show  that 
lhe\  wen  killed  in  the  fields;  a  larure.  white  circle,  with  a  little  round  mark 
on  it.  foi  a  sini.  to  sho\\  ii  \\as  in  the  da\  time;  a  I  thick  bullet  mark  on 
some,  a  halcliet  mark  on  ot  hers. 

"No.  !  Containing  one  hundred  and  t  \\  o.  farmers;  mixture  of  several  of 
!  lie  marks  abo\  e;  on  !\  ei^ht  een  marked  \\  it  h  a  lit  t  le  \  el  |o\\  Maine,  to  denote 
their  bein'_r  o|  prisoner^  binnt  alive,  after  liein^  scalped:  t  heir  nails  pulled 
..lit  |P\  the  :  ioi  .  and  otlii-i  torments:  one  of  these  latter  he  MIL;  sn|i|i(ised  to 
lie  ,i!  i  \  me]  icaii  rler- \  in.iu.  his  hand  I '••inn'  li  \ed  to  t  he  hook  of  his  scalp. 
MO  •  .  i  a  nmTs  appear.  b\  the  hair,  to  have  been  \  on  m,r  or  in  iddle-a.ued 

men,   'hire   beiiiL;    bnl    sj\i\-si-\  en    ser\   u'ra\   heads  anioiii;'   them    all.    \\hic-h 

make-    the    ,.•;  •..  ;ce   more  essenl  ia  I . 

"No..",     i  ej-  lii  \  -eiuhi    scalps  of   \\oineii;   hair    loiiLi1.  braided    in 

Hie      ll,d  '     shou    tiie\      Were     mothers;     hoops,   bllle:     -kill.    \elloW 

irfolllnl.   \'.  Itll    lit  t  le    1  .-,]     lad-poles.    Jo   ]  epl  eselit  .   li\    \\  a\    of    1 1  i  II  111]  ill .   t  lie  t  ears 


ut  uriei  I'cca-iniieil  in  ilifii  relatiM-:  .1  Mack  -calpm;,'  knite  "i  halcln-t  a! 
tin-  I'Mttnm.  td  mark  thru  lieinu'  kill.-.  I  \<\  thu-e  in-ti  mm-nt  -.  •>.  \  i-nii-t-u 
other-.  ln'iii^  \er\  L,rra>:  Mark  hoop-,;  plain  l>io\\n  ciilni;  no  maik-  IHII  the 
-!IMI  I  chili  i>r  '••<»'  'i  i..  IM  -h<iu  the\  uere  ki  .....  ki--l  <l>i\Mi  i|ea«i.  "i  hail  tln-n 
Main-  lieaten  out  • 

"  NIL  '.  «  'mi  tain  iii'4  "lie  I  in  mi  in  I  ami  n  i  net  \  -t  hive  \»,\  -'  -calp-.  "|  \  ai  i«ni- 
.ur-;  -mall  ureen  liMop.-.  \\itli  u'lMiiml  i>n  the  -kin.  \\itli  ivil  leat-  in  th- 
mulille.  ami  Mark  mark-,  knite.  hatchet  «\  i-luli.  a-  th'-n  ilrath  happ'-ne,|. 

"Nil.  7  (  'iMitainiiiL.'  1  \\ci  hnmlivil  ami  e|e\en  '_'irl-'  -«-ai|i-.  \<\^  ami  liltlf. 
-m.  ill  \ellnu  lii"'|i-;  uhilc  L,ri"iiml  trai-.  liat'-hfl  aipl  -falpinir  kniti-. 

"No.  *>  Tin-  I'.U'kauf  i-  a  mi  \t  nrr  ul  all  tin-  \  arit-I  !••-  al»i\  ••  im-nt  miM-'f  . 
in  tlir  niimlii-!  nl'  HIM-  Immln-il  ami  I  u  i-ni  \  -I  u  i  >.  uith  a  !"i\  n|  Mii-ti  I'ark. 
t-itiitainiiii;  t  \\t-nt  >  -nine  little  inlant-  -i.ilp-.  nl'  \aiiMii-  -i/e-:  -mall  \\liil-- 

Iliiiiji-.    \\Ilite    ^rnllllil.   tii     -l|n\\      tliat     llie\     \\e|'e     lli|i|iei|     nil!    nl     tliejr    llli'tliel-. 

u  ninli-. 

•  \\  llh  llle-i'  park-,  the  I'll  lei-  -em  I  til  S  Mill  I'!  \  i  i  •  1  1  •  •  1  1  e  \  the  |  i  -  1  I  M  U  i  II  li  -peel  h. 
i|eli\el'ei|  1  1\  (  'i  1)1  it  '•  "U'at  '  '1  1  ie  .  i  II  i  'i  il  1  1  Id  1  .  1  1  1  1  el'|  U  et  ei  I  l'\  tile  e|i|e|  Mo.ile.  tip 

!  r.nlei  .  ami  taken  i|u\v  n  li\   me  in  writ  im,r: 

••  !•'•  1  1  tn  i-  \\  e  -em  I  \iui  liere\\  ith  ma  n  >  -ealp-.  that  \  MII  ma\  -ee  u  e  aie  i  in! 
ntle  irieml-.  \\e\si-h  \ini  t"-eml  the-e  -ealji-  in  the  I  ,  real  Kim.:,  that  In- 
ma>  reLTanl  ihem.  ami  lie  rel'iv-heil;  ainl  that  he  ma\  -ee  niir  tail  hi  nine--  in 

<le-t  |'M\  ill'_r    hi-    enemie-.aml     lie    enli\ilicei|     that     111-    |  M'e-el  it  -   ha\  e   m  it    1  leel  i 

maile  tn  an  mitral  el'nl  penple."  etc.      A  ML   1  1  i-t  .  nt    <  )hii\  p.  I-'1. 

I-  tin-  ivailiT  .a  ,i  |o-~,  to  ilctennim-  \\lin  h  i-  tlu-  nm-t  !«>\ri\  ot  tlu- 
t\vii  tlu-  AIIUT'I  an  i.i\'.ij4i'  nl'  thi-  l!M!;-li  -,i\  ,i_;r  ihr  _;r,  cr  or  tin- 
rci  (•:•,  i-r  i  >\  tin  -r  -ral-^ 


M>  lather  ua-  the  |{e\..lame-  MMiil'j'inie|-\  \\hn\\a-  appninii-,1  the  iii-1 
aur«-nt  nt  the  Seneca  Imlian-.  lie  tnnk  charge  ul'  hi-  nilii-e  in  N"\emlier. 

l^l'.l.   \\liell    \\  e   lmi\ei|    ililn  the  nM    MI  ick  hi  H  l-e  a!     |-'i  irt    *>elieea.        I    VS.  I-  then   a 

little  ^irl  eiurht  \ear-  "M.  l.uiii-  Tniinania  \\a-  then  the  heail  chiel'  nl  tin- 
trilie. 

Tall  <  hii'l  \\.i-  a  tall.  imM.-  Innkinu'  -|iecimeii  ••!'  an  Imlian.  -nln-i  anil 
hMiiniaMe.  Selieca  .li'hn.  ^teel.  l'MMli>tiek  ami  t'lini-tnck  \\ere  liel'heU-  nt' 
Tall  (  'hie  |  .  (  'i  m  i-t  MC  k  ilieil  \  ••]  \  -mlilenls  u  hen  I  'nun  -tick  \\a-nii!  \\  e-t  IMI 

-Mine    I  i  I  ne.  a  l|i  I    U  hen    he  1  'el  1  1  met  I  a  II   i  I  .  \  e-t  1  irat  1  1  in   \\  a-   i  ll-t  it  llteil    IM  a  -i  'el  la  111 

I  he  m,  iii  ni-i  Ml  hi-ileatli.  .Iiihn  .  hi-  hi'Ml  her.  \s  a-  IMIIIII|  LT'iilt  \  nt  ihe  innnlei 
h\  ha\iii'_;  pri  icin  ei|  the  -er\  ice-  nt  a  nieilicine  unman  uh.>  .\<  I  m  1  1.  !-terei| 
pni-Mii  IM  I'nin-tni'k.  (  'niin-1  ick  .  >hane  ami  ^teel  ui-re  In-  evnii  inner-  I 
Ihink  the  p.i  !  1  idilai  -  i_;i\|-n  l'\  lien.  l'>i;-h  are.  pcihap-.  Ihe  !u.',;  e.i;-|i-e! 
\  er-ii  MI  .  .1  ;  he  u  m  ile  a  II  a  i  r. 

\\  e   1|\  .-il    in    the  n|i|     'iln  -khnll-e     -e\  m      M'.ll  -.        The     picket-    \\i-l  e    ;.i-i    tllfl  i- 

\v  In  ii   u  e  cam  i  .      ~«i  'i  i  ie  n|    them  1  1  ail  I'eeii  1  1:  i  iki  ii  '  !•  >\\  n  . 

The  >eneca-  u  ei  e  an  e\cec'l  iii'^ls  -up.  I  -1  il  inii-  penple.  ami  m>;  u  i!  h-tami 
in-j  all  tin-  inlliience-  lirnii^ht  t.i  lii-ar  u|">n  them  in  |n\  e  ami  emMace  the 

chri-liall  Icii^lnll.  the\  Uere  \er\  -t  Illiln  il  II.  all'l  -ee|||i-i|  tn  plelel  theji 
Illlt  II  tm  e'  I  IH  'I  ii  HI-  a  I  IMI  It  I  he  I  )eit  \  t  n  t  Ile  1  ie.UI  t  1  1  -  i  i|  i||\  Hie  Ie  \  i  •  1  a  I  !  n|  i  . 


I  J4  HISTORY     01      SI.NKCA    COIN  IN. 

Tin-  lielief  in  u  ill-lies  \v;is  ;t  part  <>t'  their  faith,  and  \\henexer  anx  tiling 
occurred  ihal  troiiMed  them,  thex  \\ere  sure  tliat  some  \\ilch  \vas  at  the 
liollom  ut'  the  mischiet .  Theil'  \  eliLl'eance  then  ii'enerallx  fell  ll|>uli  some 
I  ii  u  >r  nil  I  s<  1 1  la  \\  .  \\  ln>  xx  as  then  almost  certain  of  lieiny  k  il  leil. 

An  i  'M  si 1 1 ia xx .  the  \\  i  t'e  uf  an  I  ndian  1>\  the  name  of  ( f  edi'n'e  Washington, 
an  i>l«l  chief  ilurinir  I  lit*  iwohilionan  \\  ar.  ami  t  hen  an  old  man.  \\  a--  charged 
uith  lieiiiLia  xx  itch,  and  the  \\lmle  trilie  \\  as  prejudiced  ayahiM  her.  She 
xx  a-  -non  i  MH  1 1  In  MI  MM  I  In  i  lie.  ami  e\  en  her  h  ii-kind  cunsented  to  lie:  ileat  h. 

The  |>i  u  ir  i  ild  sipiaxx  \\  as  at  the  hominx  hi  nek .  pi  mm  I  MIL;'  hum  inx  .  \\  hen  t  lie 
Indian-  came  into  her  lint.  Without  anx  further  cercinonx  .  and  \\itlioiil 
a-kimr  aiix  ipies!  in us.  Shane  struck  her  mi  the  head  \\  it  h  a  tumahau  k.  and 
^lic  leil.  Shane  then  called  a  not  he  i'  Indian  to  come  and  finish  her.  u  hich  he 
did  \er\  |ii'oin|il  l\ .  The  hnsliand  u|'  the  sqnau  stooil  ti\  and  permitted  the 
outrage,  without  the  lea-^t  interference. 

\V  hen  m>  lather  heard  of  this,  lie  sent  fur  MMIIC  of  the  chiefs  and  told  them 
that  if  another  circumstance  like  it  was  ever  permitted  to  occur  a_;ain.  lie 
\\oiild  ha\e  the  matter  in\  esl  i^ated.  and  llie  murderers'  punished  under  Ihe 
la\v^  of  iheuhile  people.  This  seemed  to  ha\  e  the  desired  effect .  and  for 
-~ome  lime  afterwards  nutliinn'  further  was  heard  uf  killing  \vilelie>  on  the 
roerve. 

'1'he  >encca>  had  their  animal  Lvreen-corn-dance.  \\hich  \\as  a  >orl  of 
t hanl\>L;'i\  inu'  t'rulic.  and  differed  \erv  much  from  the  performances  uf  the 
di'.u'-dance.  \\hich  >eeined  to  lie  a  proceeding  and  cereimmx  of  a  mure  >aci'ed 
character.  The  du^-dam-e  was  the  .u'raml  dance,  and  ^eneralh  lasted  nine 
da\^.  ll  al\va\s  tin)k  place  aliont  the  Ihuc  of  mir  Cliristtuas.  The\  \\onld 
then  dre>->  in  their  liest  >t \  le.  and  ohserx  e  e\  er\  ride  \\  ith  ti'real  pnnct  ualit \ . 
The  dance  commenced  li\  one  Indian  shuutinu  off  his  i;'im  thronu'h  the 
Mnoke  hole  in  the  roof.  The  Indian^  then,  all  armed  to  the  teeth,  would 
one  1 1\  one  enter  t  he  dance,  one  chief  lead  in  L;.  \\  hoop  in  ^ and  \  el  liny,  d  ruins 
lieal  im:'.  chain^  i'at  1 1  im:'.  etc.  Thc\  danced  up  and  down,  and  I  he  old  ehiel>. 
in  a  Cultural  >uimd.  \\hich  a]>pi  oximated  a  roaring,  indicated  the  lime  with 
l  heir  ••  Yah- 1 1  o-  U'ah!"  The  Mpia\\  s  ne\  er  i  la  need  with  the  men.  In  it  formed 
a  rinn  li>  thcin^cU  c>.  The  ><|iia  w>  danced  to  i  heir  own  mii^ic.  which  wa>  a 
-,ort  of  \\  hi  ne  i  in  a  Midi  note,  and  seemed  to  come  from  a  threat  d  i -lance. 

Tlic\  leas',  .d  on  the  lie-!  thai  the  forest  and  their  lillle  corn  patdie-  could 
afford. 

At  .1  '  ertain  pail  of  the  dance  one  Indian  \\ould  appc.ir.  dressed  in  a  hear 
-km.  and  a  i  in1,  In  ;  in  a  deer  skin,  uith  poll -lied  lirass  for  1  he  e\  e>  of  t  he 
aniinal-N.  to  make  t  he  figures  look  fcarlul.  'I'lnis  lived  up.  ihe\  ran  around 
l!,e  iiuu  of  dancers.  '1'his  \\as  in  sc;ire  a  wax  the  e\il  -pirils.  Tliex  had 
one  da  lice  in  'he  at  ten n.  and  one  alter  -upp'-r. 

\1\  tathd  olP'il  \\iiil  oxer  to  Ihe  council  hoii-t  \\hcre.  and  \\hilc.  Ilir 
i1,  ,l  !i''--  \\  d'c  'Joinu  uli .  |o  keep  the  u  ll  ile  peoplf  f  loll  I  -ell  i  I:L:  \\  ll  i-l\\  iii  1  he 

Indian-.      I  "at  hi  i   o|  ten  i  a  I  l\cd  to  them  a  I  u  Mil   1  In-i  r  da  iices.  to  asccrla  in  I  heir 

IIP -a  1 1  !  liu  '  •:    o]  ivill .  1  Mil    Hex  el'   -lleeeeded   1 1 1  L;C|  I  i  U  U  a  1 1  \    i  III  e|  |  i^'elit   c\  pi  a  Hat  ion 

tioiii    '     •  rlhei    than    ihi-.  \i/:     Thex   -aid    1  heir  ancestor-  \\ere  rich 

,\:  nil'1  i!in>  -I'd    to    --acrilice    la!    cattle    and    -heep:    uo\\   t  hi-ir  child  ren 

\\.ii  •             •acrilice    iln-    l'c-1    thex    had.  and    that    \\a-   llieir 
\\  hit.    .I"L'-  . 


MRS.     >  U.I  N     1  M.HAM.  I  -*  ; 

U  In-ll  till'  .loU-  Urlr  Iradv  l»  lir  -arl  llj.-.-d.  tlic\  llflil  I  licln  ll|>  I  >>  llirli--- 
ami  -aid  .1  l»liur  ci-it-nii'lix  i>\i-i  111. Hi;  tln-li  l!n-\  i.ii<l  tin-Ill  "Ii  tin-  IHHIIIII^ 
Io'4-ln-ap.  I)UlillL,r  !lli>  pal!  n!'  lilt-  |irl  f.'l  Iliam-i-.  I  In-  Indian-  -t""d  al'Mllld 

iu    |'t-rlV(  t    *>n«'Ucf.  aluiiisl    ui"l  i"iili---.   ;unl    !""k.-d   a-   -nn-inn   a--   tin-   -_:!a\i-. 
(  KH..I   1 1 111  il.- 1   "llii-lali-d  as  pilot.      A  I  tt-r  tin-  <!..->  \\  ,-iv  la  hi  <>n  I  In-  liiv.  ( ....  ..I 

Illililt  i  laid  a  -p!  m  "t  din-d  In-ll'-  "li  tin-  d"ur.  and  tln-n  .-\.-i\  "llnT  llnlian 
ami  -i]iiau  did  tin-  -aim-,  in  i»tatit'ii.  ami  in  p«-it«-.-t  »nlri.  \\iiln-iil  -;mim  a 
\\  "I  d.  Karl  i  d"Lr  \\  a-  I'Ml  I  In  MI  ml  i  i  In-,  , -.-i  .-iipin\  -i-parat.-h  .  A  M>-1  1  liat .  an 
llnlian  i-aiin-  !'iiniiiii-_r  in  an>l  -i-ati'-i'-d  tin-  and  a-ln--  ail  ai"uml  tin-  .-"iim  .1 
In  >u-i-  ami  «\  i-i  I  In-  |n-i  >p!»-. 

In  ;ln-  1'iinal  ••!'  lln-ii  .|i-ail.  a  In-li-  \\a-  li-t!  in  tin-  l>"\.  in-ar  tin-  ln-ai|.  t" 
li'l  tin-  spirit  . -i  "lilt-  i  In  'i  >M  nl  i .  a  1 1<  I  tin-  i  "I  p-.-  \\  a-  -uppl  iril  u  it  Ii  .  ak.--  "I  -n^ai 
a  i  H  I  I'!'- -a  1 1 .  A  tli- 1  tin-  I"  i\  u  a-  li-t  ill  >\\  n  in  I"  I  In-  '_M  a\  <• .  I  In-  I  IP  I  la  n-  mai  rln  •! 
ar«'iinil  i!.  ami  i-ai-li  '!inppi-i|  -nim-  u'li-i-ii  -pri:;  npmi  il  \>  i\  inm  h  liki-  tin- 
In  n  ia!  i-t-ri-iin  >n\  ut  a  nn-niln-i  »]  -i  inn-  -i-rivi  -i  n-i«  ; )  in  tin-  i'i--pr«-l .  :n  1  In  -•• 
<la\-.  \\ln-n  tin-  _'ia\i-  \\.l-  lilli'il  up.  tin-  -qnau-N  pnl'ril  tlnii  lilanl\i-l- 
!i  n  \\  at  1 1  •  >\  i- r  I  In-i  i  hcail-  ami  a-  tai  «  MII  a-  lln-ir  i-llmu  -  \\  miM  i  rai-li.  ami 

crii-il  \\ith  a  -ml  nt  Imuliii^  \oii-f.  \\lnli-  tin-  nn-n  -! I  nn  >1  i<  'iil«  --.  ami 

loiiki-il  nn  u  it  liMiM  -In-ililiiiLT  a  ti-ar. 

Tin-  i-'hii-t.  Tniiuania.  had  a  t\\in  -i-t'-i  \\lin  \\;i-  a  nn-d  H-I  m--\\  i  .ina  n.  Tin- 
1  \\  in-  \\  fi'i-  I"  M  n  \\  il  1 1  i  Mn-  r\  r  i-ai-li.  (  >in-  1  inn-  m\  im  >t  In-i  w  a-  \  •  i  \  -n  k  . 
a  IP  I  !•  il  u  a  ill  nl  a  lift  trr  i|i  irti  ir.  \\  i-  -cut  t  <  M  I  h  i-  -•  1 1  la  u  .  Tin-  -n"\\  \\  a-  \  1-1  \ 
<|i-i-|i.  ami  \ct  -In-  \vclit  init  intci  tin-  \\mnl-  \\ith  a  lim-  ami  •_''•!  -unit1  !n-il>-. 
Tln-h  -1  if  i-aim-  i  '\  i-!  1 1 1  i  MM  IP  Mi-f  ami  madi-  '  i-a  \\  it  h  i  ln--t-  In-i  I  •-  ami  i  in  nl 
im»t  In-r. 

\\  '•  ,n\i-i!  tin-  I'M  -i|iia\\  \t-i\  mm  Ii  atb-r  thai,  ami  a !  u  a  \  -  niaili  In-i  |i-i-I 
\M-l.-niin-  ;M  "Hi  I.Mii-i-.  \\  In-n  latin-!  >lie.i.  -In-  at  1  i-m  |i->  I  hi-  lum-iiil.  and 
-t-i-nn-d  ! ' '  I  ii-  \  1-1  \  inui'li  alli-i-ti-d  . 

Tin-  r.«-na/,iii  |';ii  kt-r.  u  tin  \\a-  -laMinl  i>\  1'i-ti-r  l'i  n  k .  \\  a-  a  man  a!><>u! 
li\i-  let-;  -i\  iip-ln--  hiuh.  ut  diii'k  n  iinpli-\ii  MI.  dark  hail  and  .--.•-.  and  \\a- 
ai'ini;  lhi!i\  --i-\i  n  \i-ar-  "Id.  Tln-n-  \v;i-  ipiihin^  pri-pii--i---iiiL;  in  ln- 
appi-a  i  aii'-i-.  1 1  »•  \\  a-  -la  I  >l>rd  in  I  )rti  il  H-I  .  1  --J.i.  it  m  1  i !  1 1 -i  I  -i  inn-  t  inn-  in  t  In- 
n  n  MI'  1 1  "t  .lit  1 1  iiiiiA  .  I  v".  I . 

.laipn--  1 1  nil  ml  and  >ln-pln-nl  I'iilrp  k  Imnulit  I  In-  land,  u  it  Ii  tin-  "Id  l'"i  t . 
ili  tin-  -alt--. 

|-'al  hi-i  iiad  i-hai  •_;!•  "i  'In-  Indian-  -nim-  i'-n  \i-ai-.iiml  up  I"  tin-  tinn-"t 
hi-  di-ai  1 1  -  u  In  Ii  I  ii-n.  I  I  en  r\  <  .  Ill'l-h  l""k  i-har^i-  "I  i  In-  a^t  -I  i«-\  .  a  ml  il  \\  a- 
U"!  l"m_r  at  ti-r  1  hal  \v  In-ii  I  In-  I  ml  ia  n-  \\  •  1 1-  la!%i  n  a\\  a\  .  I  I  h  ink  ; ;  i  i-ipii  <  i-d 
niil\  thn-i-  "i  i"Ui  Uiiymi-  l"  tiiki-  all  tln-ii  thinu-. 

Mi.    I  I  H  !i  MI  I  1    \\  a-  "in-  "t    t  In-  In  -I   a --in- la!  i     '  i  id  •_;(•-  "I    !  In1  i  "iirt  "t    i  •  'lnni"l; 


lli--h.iiiil  \\ill  pi'ip'Tl  inin-d:  hiidadaik  >  "inpli- \  imi .  da  I  k  hail  ,:ml  i-\.-.  a 
Inu  h  I"!  i -In -ad.  pl'-a-;int  and  ui-nl  |i-m;in  I  \  in  Ii  -  -  i  nii-i  i  "U  i  -i-  \\  it  h  pi  "plr.  \\,- 
\\  ;i  -  .  i  n  ia  n  i  -I  i  •  \  i  1 1 1  plii  i  \  r  I  i;i  i  ai  •  1 1  i  .  la  1 1  i  -d  u  •  -  -  i  i "  1 1  and  <  •  \  •  •  i  •  1 1  <  1 1 1  >  1 1  <  I  _r  n  P  -  n ! 
I  1 1  •  i  • !  i ! "  \  i  '  i  '  1 1 1  •  •  ii  1 1 1  i  i  i '  Ii  i  •  i  -  a  1 1 1 1  i  -  - 1  >  i  u  i  '  1 1  ,  • ! ;  v.  I . « i  k  1 1 1  •  \\  him.  I  I '  !  a  1 1  _;  I :  *  1 1 1 1 
!ir-t  LM  aiiiin.ii  -'  h""!  in  t  hi-  r.  ,11  ni  \  .  \|  \  -i~;  •  i  \[,- 1  :.i  \!  i  -.  l\i  i  n  ainl  m\  »-!l 
atli-nd.  d  In- -i  h""l.  lit-  ua-  ii  nn  ml"  i  "I  II..  i ': .  -1  .\ ;  •  i  i.in  .  ivli  \\Ini 
In  -"M  hi-  !•'"!  I  "-IIP -i  .1  I  arm  .  in  i j  h;  :  ',  HP  I  u  h>  ••  •  I  '..•:--;.  |.i:,  i,~.  ,|, 


house  In-  liiiili  ;it   FOI  i  >•!  "phi-ii 
oil  the  ea-1   -ide. 

!  A!  the  tirst  celebration  of  the  hall  le  of  Fort  Stephen son.  on  the  1.M  da\  of 
Am_:ii-i.  l-::'i.  \i,.  Klutherns  ( 'ook  delivered  hi>  oral  ion  from  tfi;it  porch  to 

lilt-  a --e m bled   thousands.   U  hen    M  I's.    I  1 1  Chilli!   sat    b\    ;i    \\  ilidou  .   inside  of    the 

house,  and  the  writer  stood  near  the  porch.  listeniiiL:'  to  the  oration  more 
than  fort\  \ears  ;i;_jo.  Mrs.  i  n^liaiii  \\  as  an  old  \Vhiu'.  and  therefore  eiijox  ed 
the  speech.  \\  hi  eh  was  more  of  a  political  than  historic  character.  an<  I  there- 
fore  out  of  |ilace.  while  the  writer  did  not  like  the  ver\  mail)  bitter  remarks 
luirled  at  the  I  )emoeral  ie  part),  which  lie  then  thouirht  \\ere  ill-timed,  and 
thinks  so  still.] 

Mr.  Iliillmrt  opened  a  store  in  Lower  Sandiisks.  lie  \\as  afterwards 
elected  a  member  of  the  House  of  liepresental  i\  es.  in  the  legislature  of 
<  'hio.  from  Sandusk)  count) .  lie  d  ied  of  con  sumption.  I  )eeeml>er  '2~>.  1  >•">•>. 

Caleb  liice  \\as  the  nearest  neighbor  \\  e  had.  lie  was  a  millwright  !>> 
trade,  an  excellent^  mechanic,  and  a  ver\  intelligent  man.  lie  built  the  mill 
for  the  Senecas  at  ( Jreen  creek,  about  one-half  mile  belov,  the  springs.  He 
wasconstantlv  invohed  in  law-suits,  occasioned  b\  his  general  disposition  to 
e\ade  his  promises,  lie  was  a  bad  financier,  and  outside  of  his  intelligence 
and  mechanical  skill,  of  ver\  little  account. 

Henjaniin  ('nh'er.  another  neighbor.  \\as  a  ('anadian  b\  birth,  and  pos- 
^essed  of  considerable  wealth.  lie  bought  the  best  farms  on  the  river 
bottom.  He  \\as  about  fort\-eiurht  \ears  old  when  he  was  married  to  Mis^ 
Harris,  who  was  then  a  beautiful  \onn.u'  siirl.  Miss  Harris  \\a^  the  onl\ 
\\  hile  ^irl  at  m\  broth ei-'s  funeral.  \\  ho  died  at  the  fort  in  Is^o.  Mr.  ( 'nl\  ei 
\\as  a  man  of  excellent  heart,  a  true  friend  and  a  t^ood  neighbor.  The  onl\ 
I  -i  n  It  in  his  life  \vas  his  lo\  e  fo|-  st  ron^  drink.  He  died  in  Is  in.  when  he  was 
a  boil  I  si  \t  \  \  ears  old. 

William  >picer  \vas  a  \\hile  man.  and  \\a^  captured  b\  the  Indians  \\hen 
'iiiite  \OIIML;'.  He  spoke  the  lanu'iia^i'  ol  the  ( dxiiLJ'as  and  the  Senecas 
liueiilU.  lie  had  accumulated  a  ^oml  deal  of  inoiit  \  at  the  time  he  v\a^ 
robbed.  A  man  b\  the  name  of  IJollins  \\a-~  ^ent  to  the  penitent  iar\  for  Hie 
robber> .  'mil  it  \\a~-  u'enerallv  be|ie\ed  thai  olher->  iroi  the  nioue\.  Spicer 
^\as  \er\  iilth\  in  hi>  personal  appear, nice  perha|i^  ne\er  \\a^hed  hiniselt: 
at  lea>t.  In-  |ools,-d  a-~  if  his  face  had  m-\er  coin>-  Jn  contact  \\  ith  the  element 
••ailed  \\ater.  11'^  iioii->e  wa^  the  dirtiest  o'l  th:-  l'ese)-\e.  Ili^  Voice  \\a~- 
loii'^ii  , !)nl  e\t  ri'l)ii-!\  ofl'eli>i\e.  lie  was  respected  b\  liol'od\. 

<  :  o\\  wa^  a  ( iei'iirm  l>o\ .  and  \\  a^  Molen  i  >>  i  li>-  \\'  \  a  in  lot  ->  in  <  •  reenlii  ia  i 
•••  iinii  \ .  I  'en  n->\  !\  a  n  ia.  \\  I  !'-n  <  j  1 1 1 1  e  \onnu".  Hi--  I  at  lie  r.  .la  col  i  K  n  i->cl  \  .  ton  m ! 
him  here  lift  \  \eai^  after  he  wa-  -loleii.  M  >  father  \\eii1  \\iih  Mr.  Knise|\ 
i"  |oo|,  him  up.  l'r. k\\  rc'fu^ed  to  -'o  \\iih  hi-  f.ithei'.  The  nui-ltii^  and 
parliim  of  |.it  her  and  •-on  u;.-  \.T  affecting  on  the  purl  o|  Mr.  Knisel\. 
(  ;..\v  ili-l  in  >t  -eeln  to  e.  i  re  miieh.  \\  \  !ai  he:  oft  "I  I  -Poke  a  boll  I  t  liK  -ceiie. 
u  t !  h  1 1 1 1 1  <  !  i  1 1  •  e  1  i  n  •_; . 

Hi-  i  >'  '  r  of  M  i  .  I  -a  a  i  1 .  1  >unioir  I  cane1  le-rr  \\  ;l  h  hi-  !a  mil  >  -h<  •''!  i  > 
ia;.d  -a  !••-.  -i  lid  -•;•.;•.;  ne.,  ;•  i  !:••  lo!  i .  I  b  \\a--  a  man  aboii!  ii\  e 

!     i  '     i  • !  .•  •  : .    -     I :    j  1 1  .  i  '  M  1 1 1  •  ! '  • ;  '  v    i  •  I ;  '  i  1  .  a  1 1  d     - '    i  \\    o  i     -peei   h .        I  I  e   \\  ; ,  -   k  !  I  id 

,.(id  •     kUul    a    'joo.|    i  :'•:_•',  i  •<•:.       Hi-    ;aini!;,    ion-i-lcd    o!    \\iie   and 

-•  i;,  -    .1  li'!     i       ,:•'.!  ii-  i:o   !  -          '  1  '  .    I  1 1  i  1 1  .oi-d   \     .  -     i   lilt  Inbi  I 


"I  tin-  "|. I  -chi.nl  ltaptl-1  church.  |-;|,|i-r  Kahili  i.llcii  |i|t-;i.-hi-.|  ii,  Mi. 
1  hiiimnt  -  cal>in.  I  le  !i\  cd  here  -.  Mm'  1  \\  el-,  '•  . f,u>  aft'-i  •  IK-  « -.11  IP-,  .ui'i  di'-d 
in  .1  -mall  halm-  hnii-e  In-  had  Imiii  m-.ir  lh'-;'  <-.il«iii.  am!  c\«-~<-  \«  \\\<-  tn.id. 

I  heard  tin-  l{i-\ereml   KI.IH  il    I'MI'I".    pn-ai  Ii    «\\<  n.  ami  atl'Tv.aid-  In-  -<MI. 
.lauio  1'.    Kinlev.aml    -111!    lab-i     the    m-phi  \\    ..|    tin-    iatli-i.       The-,    u.-n-al! 
•/real   pi '  adicr-.  and  nun   «\    hmh    -landing    in    tin-   •  •-;  imal  !•  MI  "I   1  he  pei.ple. 
.laiuex  \\.   |-'inlc\    \\a-   alum!    iitt\    \ear-   "1    a  lie    uhcn    I    -au    him.  a    man   i>t 
-Inking   per-i.nal   appearance.  aln  ml    li\e    1'eet    ti-n    imln--    hi^h .  he,i\  \   tmilt. 
\er\    -t  rai'_rhi .  u  i!  Ii    liu'hl    I-CMII|'|I-\  i«ni.  liulil    li|-»un    liair.  ainl    u'ipa\   e\e>:    lii>» 
iVat  ui't->  \\rri'  rr^nlar  atnl    ]•]'<  >iniin  nl .  In-    i-iMinti-iiaiifi-    ua-   i-x  prc--i  \  i-  aii'l 
rarin'-t.  ami    hi-   maiim-i-   \\nc    naluiallv    Uiml   am!    \\  inn'inn.  \<  1  tln-ri-  \\a^ 
irrcat  turn- and   ilfi-j-jnii  "|    rliararlfr  almiii  hi-  LTfiii-ral    inal\i'-ii|i.       lli--i-!- 
iimiix  ut-i'i-    in    riint'i)i-|iiil  >    \\ith    In-   ai'i't-ar.iiH-r   ami    Innpi-i  'aim  nl      I'Mcil-lc 
am!  i-nii\  incitiL;.      Hi-  \  nirc  \\  a-  l"m|  a  if  I  clear  ;    In    \\  a-  a  u'"1  "I  -MIL:'-!,  ainl  a 
trrcat  rc\  i\  al  |>i'i-ac|icr.      lie  I »•  lunged  in  t  he  I    I'liana  cin-nit .  \\  hei  «•  hi-  t'at  In-i 
(ireached     liet'ni'e    him.     lilll     111-     -el'\  ice-    \\ere     e\1emled     1  hrnii'_f||i  Mil      imrtli- 
\\e>tel  n  (  Hiii>. 

II  i>  seareelx   ne<  e--ai\\   In  add    that    lliere   \\ere   m-iiln-r   melndenn-  IHM •  <>\  - 
L.ran- In  a--i-l    in    the    -inuim_;.   and    churclie-   that    cn-i    II.MII    lliirtv    \»   lil'iv 
tlimisaiiil  dullai'>.  \\  itli  i)p/an>  that    c»-i    m,,.   thnii>and   dnllai  -  «i  iih'H-.  u  eie 

lint    thought    n|     ill    Ihn-e  da\-.   ill    llli-   I'e^inli. 

Seneca  .1  nh  1 1  n-eil  in  L.ret  drunk  ncca-ii  >iia  1 1  > .  a  ml  il  I  i'n  ul  iled  m\  I'at  ln-r  \  er\ 
niucli  tn  a-ce  rlai  n  the  \\  a\  .Inhn  i_r'  'I  lii-^  \\  hi-k\ .  lie  final  1\  hit  up'  >n  a  plan 
In  catch  a  man  \<\  1  he  name  < >t  lirmmhinn .  \\  Imm  he  had  -11 -peeled  !ni  -nun- 
1  ime.  He  tiinU  Mr.  I  -aac  I .  I  >umniid.  Shane  and  .Inhn  u  ilh  him  In  UrmiLile 
iiMi'-  mie  e\  eiiiiiLr.  Father  had  dre--ed  him-eH'  in  Indian  cn-tnnie.  ami 
u  hen  the  pail  \  \\ere-M-ated  amund  mi  hem-he-  in  Urmi-hlnn'-  h,.ii-e.  .Inlm 
called  tnr  sv  lii-k  \  .  and  al'I  er  drinking  -nine,  handed  the  Ljla--  n\  »T  In  |'al  ln-i  . 
\shnla-ted  i!  1  n  I ic  -lire  that  it  ua-  \\hi-k\.  Then  latlier  !lne\\  hack  hi- 
leal  hei  -  and  Ha  nkel .  and  \\  lien  I  Irmiuhli  >n  recuLi'ni  /'-d  Ii  i  in  he  a  I  nin-t  -ank 

Illlii  t  lie  LTnlind. 

\  I  I'-i  a  se\  ere  i  cp:  :  ina  nd  I'rnm  lather.  I  >rmiL;1iI  nn  prnm  i-cd  in  •>,->  |  n<  >  mni'e 
\\ln-k\    In    Indian-,    and    he    \\a-    let    -jn    \\ilhmit    pniii-liinciil     In;-    ihe    tune 

hem-. 

^1  eei    a  lid    (  •  '  i-I  h'k    !•  n  ikeil     III   ;:  1'1\      ali  l\e.     and     In  'i  1       \v  e  !  c    a  I  "  '1 1 1     •  •«  !i  •   '  j  I  la  !  I  e! 

\\  1 1  i',e.     (  'i  in  i -I  nek  v.  a-  a  in'.'  I  >! i  I  'a\  ULi'a  ,  \\  i  i  i  d  i  •  -  -<  -d  .  i  i '.' '  :  i ,  ^ 

a  i  la  -h  i  UL:.  line  Ii  ink  i  ti'_;  and  ->  >i  iei  I  nd  iar  .  I  1 1  u  a-  m  >i  a-  !ai  _••  a-  ;  hi-  •  •!  hei 
c  1 1  let  -.  i  a  1 1  ii-i  -n  i  a  !  i  nn  I  i  ie  ci  i!ii  ra  F,  .  !  'i  1 1  -  ,  i  la  i'i  '  \  I  H  1 1  i  i .  \\  ; ;  h  all  ! .  •  --  •_:.!'.  <  ',  \ 
IP-  u  a-  i  Mm  |  e-,  |  and  re-er\  ed  .  and  h ;  ni  i!  \  I'-t'-i'ii  i-  d  I  >\  I  ndia  n-  and  u  h  i;  ••- 

Tmpiania.  ,i  hall    lifi-l  hei    In  !I.MI|    dm-l    'I'-iiipian;  i.  \ 

:  tin  in  i  h<  I  'reii'-h  -IT',  ii  e.  1 1  e  a  iid  h  '  -  --  -'.  i  '  ••.  i  ;  ••  I  "t  h  •  •:  I  •  •  r  ! ,  m  •  •> ;  • ; !  •  . 
U  hde  n,  ;  ice  ,,!  the  l':--i.'  I  .  Tn.  Kama  i  an  .  !'•- 

ua><  an  :   m  n  il-    \>.a-  a!-,  cm    ., -•;.    '  !.,    .,   1'-.  .  ,  ..d  had  ,-m 

iMaeed  t!:,  .::j'..n  :   and  in    ..;:.:.    -..!•'   :     ,!!.•••  .••   •  :    i-:n-  a 


I  jS  HIsKiKY     OK    SKNKCA    rOCNTY. 

uasnieeh  braided.  Yen  proud  of  his  education  and  French  training,  he 
often  |iut  mi  li'i't-at  airs,  and  said.  "  This  is  the  way  tin-  French  oHicers  do." 
His  overhearing  disposition  often  .uot  liini  into  trouble  with  other  Indians. 
allot'  whom  he  regarded  as  vastly  his  inferiors,  and  very  t'reimently  father 
\\as  railed  n|i. in  to  settle  his  tnuililes  for  him. 

A  man  h\  the  name  of  Keeler  lived  near  the  river  Itank.  He  had  a  famih 
ot  >i\  children:  lie  eame  from  the  state  of  New  York,  and  bought  forty  acres 
of  land.  The  famil)  suffered  Breath  \\ith  sickness.  I  don't  remember  what 

became  ot'    t  lielll. 

Alexander  McNntt  and  his  brother.  Daniel  McNntl.  were  also  here  in 
1  *>!'.'.  I  )aniel  had  a  familx .  and  Alexande.r  married  a  sister  of  Isaac  1 .  I  >n- 
mond.  M\  father  solemn i'/.ed  their  marriau'e. 

U  illiam  MontLjonier\  stai'ted  a  store  in  Is:!.'!.  HI  a  lo<r  cabin,  in  the  village 
1  hat  !->  nou  railed  |-'ort  Seneca. 

Kliphalct  1  {o^ei-s  bought  a  farm  near  Wolf  creek.  He  married  Hannah 
Jackson.  \\lmliad  lixedat  .Mr.  Howe's  a  loi^lime.  Holers  was  an  honest . 
home-spun  sort  of  a  man.  His  fai'in  became  afterwards  known  as  the 
Snook  farm. 

Alinon  Kollins  married  Mar\  Sherwood,  ami  Loren/o  Abbott  married  her 
^istei'  .leaiiette.  The  t  \\  o  couple  \\ere  married  at  the  same  time.  Jeanette 
\\as  then  .mix  foiii'teen  \  ears  old. 

<  >ld  Mr.  Sheru  ood  \\a>  captain  of  a  militia  compan>  .  and  ver\  proud  of 
his  Mat  ion.  He  wa>  a  .u'reat  talker,  and  somewhat  boast  fill.  I  Ic  did  not  live 

to  be   \er\    old. 

Mr.  William  Harris,  the  gunsmith,  was  a  man  about  ti\r  feet  ten  inches 
hiLih.  >toin  and  \\ell  liiiill.  lie  uas  |ioor.  but  a  man  of  considerable  refine- 
ment.  and  M  rici  !\  Imne.M.  He  di'ank  some,  but  not  to  excess.  He  came 
hci'e  \\ith  hi>!'amil\  after  the  Harnex  s.  Imt  before  the  I  )iimonds.  and  \\a> 
anioiiii'M  the  tii'st  that  settled  near  llie  t'ort. 

Tin-  I  'ike>  and  t  he  ( 'hane\  s  li\  fd  on  the  Spicer  place  \\  hen  we  came  to  the 
fort. 

There  were  three  iif  the>e  Tuunaii ia>.  ()newas  the  head  chief,  another 
u,i-  the  Joseph,  and  the  third  \\a-^  the  Armstrong  Tiiii'iiania.  the  son  of  the 

<  'lie   >'\  ed    Hied  ieine    \\  olnail. 


\IK>.     s.\I.M      I  M,  II  AM. 

I  lie  siib jet  t  .  /I    this  sketi  h   \\  a-,  burn   in  Champaign  county,  (  )hio.  on 

'hi     |ih  da\   .it     rVbrnarx.   [Si  i.       She  is  the  hlU)  child  of  the   Rev.   |ami's 

\l .  i!ituc 'tner\ .  and  was  but    ei_dii    wars  old  when  the  tainil\   moved  into 

bl< >i  kho'iM     a!     I  ori    Seneca.      -die    L;rrw    up    from    childhood    into 

bio. .mini:    maiden,  on    the    banks  ot'  the    old    Santhisky,  among  a  k-\\ 

i  r-  on    one    side,  .unl   the    Senei  as    on    the    other  side,  of   the 

A    !d  and   rural   s(  eiie>  oi    her  .  hildliood.  she  lived    under  the 

•  ani  t  nar\  .  blessed   \\  ;th   I  he  love  of  <  hrist ian    parent  - . 

-p'tsiiion.  tliat   Id  -,  tl-,i-  o\\  ner  look  in  .on  the  MIIHU  side 


\ik>.    >  \l  I  \    IN».H  VM.  i  :>> 

ot    liu-      a    l>!e-vin_:    th.il    ne\er    lor-ook    her    in    all    her    l;lr  l<>n-    path 
\\  a  \  . 

I  <>r  \\atit  iii  other  •><  hooK  -he  rei  ei\ed  !HT  pnmarv  edu.  alion  in  tin- 
hoiiM  hold,  and  afterward-  took  le--on-  in  l.nuli-h  ^raminar  tr-nn  hidm 
Hiilii'.irt.  >he  aK<>  attended  a  grammar  school  taught  \>\  Kd-on  !'• 
(init,  l.-<|..  iii  I.'iucr  Santi'i-^ks.  (  ihi».  \\  ;:h  tli:^  training  ->lu-  \\  t> 
riiaii'i-'l  !'>tcaih  sihinil  lu-r-rli.  anil  krp!  her  i'ir->(  Mh<»>l  ncai  l'»hn 
('rnm'-.  "ii  thr  -.tati-  fM.nl.  ihn-r  nuir--  north  "I  Tittm.  and  alter  t!n 
ilr-itli  of  her  tatlii'r.  ^hc  taught  :  \\  o  \rar-~  lon-rr. 

\\  !:cn  >hc  \va->  al>o'it  ^cttin.;  rcait\  to  attciul  tin-  grammar  -•  hool  a: 
i  ivmoni.  -!u-  unit  to  \1(  Ni-il'-  -.tur«.'  at  1'ort  Hall,  to  lm\  a  jiair  ot 
shor-.  Mr.  >arili>  l'.;n  haul  -ohi  ihcni  to  hrr.  He  wa^  then  <  U-rk  in 
the  -tore,  anil  altrrwards  !>ri  ai;ic  taniiharU  knoun  ni  l.oucr  Saiiilu»k\ 
li\  t!,<-  nanu-  ot  I'niuc  1'ii'1  hanl.  the  UIK  lr  oi  I'rr^hk-nt  lla\r>. 

<  >r,  the  j;th  >la\  ot  Manh.  i^^j,  Mr-.  In^hani  ua-  inanini  to  Mr. 
M  i Ito-j  1  i  ar\ .  a  voiin-  tanner  in  1'lea-anl  to\\  n-hi]  i.  in  !  hi-  <  oiint \  .  who 
il:eil  .n  r"-;.1.  Xi'ter  UN  ill:;  in  uiihmhood  -e\en!eeii  \ear-.  -he  niarrieil 
.!  M'  Alexander  In-hatn.  trout  Cle\  eland.  ( )hi...  who  al-o  died  in  April, 
i  -  7  . 

Mr-.  In^hatn  :--  -'ill  in  the  enio\nient  o!  _;ood  health,  and  the  -anie 
•  i'.i!  h.ipp\  di-po>:tion.  She  ha-  a  nio-;  retnarkaliie  ineinor\  ot  pa-; 
i'\  i.  ;,;-.  1  lie  name-  o;  per-oii-.  plai  e-  and  iiu  ;dent -  ai'e  at  her  t •  >n^ue  - 
end.  ..;••  her  ready  delineation  :-  ea-il\  di-rerniMe  !i\  readin.;  he; 
lUlrTit* '  \  e.  >he  ha-  her  lather  -  teinperanient  and  appear.uii  e.  -trough 
tiuirki  d.  II'."'  i  on\  er-at;on  i-  Iioth  in-trm  ti\  e  and  a  in !;-;;;_;.  <  <>•',>  he> ; 
,;i  -plv.Mid.id  l.i,^l:-li.  and  -wee'i  ;ied  li\  hei'  "  hn-t;an  'r.i:n:n^.  uh;i  1. 
".".i  oi  -i  :'i:i-i\  i  rop-  i  in!  on  e\  ei'\  01  i  a-ion. 

!;  -:.'  e\  er  had  an  eiienu.  he  inn-;  ha\e  died  ion-  a_o.  She  :- 
i  <••':••  >\  t  d  i  i\  all  u  h.o  know  lu-r.  and  well  oine  at  e\  er\  door. 


Mr-.    lii_i>ani    had    \«".i    <  hildren      lanir-   U.   I  rar\.  \\ho  \\  i-    married 

-     Ha'!..'    I  ..  d.i'ijhte:     <!    the    Rex.     \iidreu-.       He    died    :n     1'iltin.     in 

Mail  h.    iS/,_>,  well    knoun    anioii:;    the    men  han!-    and    h't-ine--    men  ot 

1    M.;;.    l.tn:l\.  now  the    \\iie  o|    |ai  oli    i'.akei  :    Sarah,  who    \\.i-    married 


I  }0  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

•i 

to  Ral|)h   dates,  and   died  in  1877;   Justin,  who  died  in  1863.  as  a  pris- 
oner of  war  in  a  rebel  hospital  in  Danville,  Virginia. 

The  writer,  in  gratitude  for  her  many  narratives  of  men  and  things 
pertaining  to  early  life  in  Seneca  count}',  can  only  wish  her  many 
more  years  of  lite  in  the  enjoyment  ol  her  happy  nature,  in  health, 
comfort  and  contentment. 


CHAPTER   VIII. 


DEATH  OF  COMSTOCK     SENECA  STEEL     DEATH  OF  SENECA  JOHN     COONSTICK 

TRIAL    AND     DISCHARGE     OF     COONSTICK       JUDGE     HIGGINS      DECISION 
JUDGE    BIRCHAKD  S  STATEMENT      BENJAMIN    K.   WARNER      HARD   HICKORY 
AND   HIS    DEATH      IMMIGRATION    OF    THE    SENEGAS   TO   THE    NEOSHO    AND 
COWSKIN    RIVERS     CHARLIEU     THE   GIRTYS     THE    DEATH   OF    DRAKE 


Gr.M'.UAI.    Ilenrv   ('.  r.rish.  who   >m  <  eeded    Mr.    Mont-finery    in 
tlu-    agency    ot    llu-    Seneca-,    relate-    the    billowing    nn  :dent     as 
illustrative    <ii"  the    superstition    ot'    tin-    Sonera     Indians,    ami    <>\    the 
composure    with    \vhi<h    their   warriors   would     inert    death.       The    tnl>e 
had  dwindled  down  to  about  totir  hundred  souls: 

About  the  \ear  I^J'i.  three  ot  the  pi ominent  chief-  < 'oonstiek.  >teel  ainl 
Cracked  Hoot',  unit  on  an  exclusion  to  seek  a  new  lionn1  and  fresh  hunting 
grounds  1'or  their  people.  'l'lie>  returned  after  an  alienee  of  uearl>  three 
\ears.  Cooiistick  and  Steel  \\ere  liroiliers.  The\  liad  left  tiehind  them  an 
older  l>n>ther.  <  'oin  stock .  \\  lio  \\ a>  chief  ot'  t lie  t rilie.  and  a  >  oun^er  IM "1  liet . 
•  loliii  Seneea  John. 

Tlietuo  In  othe|->  u  ho  liad  u'one  \\  e^t .  tindiii'^  on  their  return  that  their 
elder  lirother.  Coin>loek.  was  dead,  and  that  then  \oiinurei  In •<  <\  ln-i .  John. 
\sas  ehiel'  in  his  stc;n|.  charLTed  John  \\ith  haxiii^  eau<ed  tin-  death  of 
t  'on i stock  l'\  \\  itrhcraft .  He  denied  t  lie  ehar^e.  and  sa'nl ; 

"I  Io\ed  lll\  lirothef  ('olllstoek  Illore  thai!  I  lo\c  the  ^I'eell  earill  I  slalld 
Upon.  I  \\ollld  -i\i'  IllSself  llji.  lilnli  li\  lilllli.  pieeellli'iil  |i\  p  i  i  •< '( •  !i  !••,  I  i  1 

\\ould  shed  ni\  Mood,  drop  l,\  ilrop.  to  |-e-lnre  him  to  lit.-." 

lint  all  tln>  protestation  of  iniioeeiiee.  and  lo\e  foj  hi-  liroth.-i.  \\.i~  ot  no 
a\ail  His  liroilii-r>  told  Mm  that  he  must  die.  and  that  ii  ua>  tln'ii  dut\  \« 

lie   hi-,  e\eel|<  ioliers.       John   calml\    I'fplieil  : 

"I  am  uillin^  to  dif.  I  ask  onl\  that  \»n  \\ili  allou  nn-  io  ij\r  until 
l'»-iiioifro\\  uioi  niim.  I  hat  I  max  see  tin-  sim  MS.-  niiee  more.  I  uil!  sli-rp 
to  ni-ht  on  the  poieh  of  Hard  II  iekor> '>  loj^e.  \\  hi.-li  front s  t|t,-  ea»t.  Th.-iv 
v.  on  \\  1 1  ]  lii  id  mi-  a  I  sii  n-i  isc." 

Thes  aeccdcd  to  his  re.|iii-st.  ('ooiistiek  .in  I  ^teel.  a\\ailiiiL,r  th'-  nioiniii'4. 
\\  hen  the\  uei'e  to  kill  their  hrother.  |i  is-,,-  I  tin-  niu'ht  in  a  lodtre  m-ar  h> . 
lu  the  nioniiirj;.  Ihe\  pro.-rrd.'d  to  the  hut  of  Hard  Ili'-kors.  \\ho  li!ins,-!f 
'"Id  this  sto|-\  to  (,rii.  llrisli  .  ||r  -aid  that  iu»'  as  iln-  -nn  u.is  rising,  he 
h.-ard  the  approaching  1'o.iiMeps  of  th-'  lirothri  ,.  and  op  -n^d  the  door  of  his 
lint  to  peep  out.  There  lie  saw  John  a-deep.  w  rapped  in  his  liianket .  His 
h  rot  hers  awoke  him.  I  le  arose  and  took  from  his  head  a  l.tix'-1  liandkerclm-t . 
\\hich  \\as  \\oimd  around  it.  His  hair,  \\hich  uas  \ei\  IOIILT.  f<-ll  upon  his 


l^J  Hlsi'OKN     (i[      Sl'.NlA  A     COt'S'TY. 

shoulders.  The  doomed  diii'l'  looked  calmh  around  for  the  last  time  upon 
tlic  landscape,  ami  upon  the  rising  sun.  taking,  evidently,  a  farewell  vit-\v. 
ai.d  then  said  to  his  brothers  thai  he  was  ready  to  die. 

The  brothers  had  brought  with  them  another  Indian  warrior  l>\  the  name 
of  Shane.  ('oonstick  and  Sliane  each  took  .John  b\  tlie  arm.  and  led  him 
aloiiLT  towards  the  place  of  his  execution.  Steel  followed  behind  with  his 
uleaminu  tomahawk  in  his  hand.  The\  had  advanced  about  ten  steps  from 
the  porch  \\  hen  Steel  struck  his  brother  a  hea\\  blo\\  with  his  tomahawk. 
upon  the  back  of  his  head,  lie  fell  to  the  ground,  as  the  Mood  unshed  from 
the  dreadful  wound.  Supposing  him  to  be  dead.  the\  draped  him  beneath 
a  tree  near  b\ .  Tliere.  percei\  int;'  si^'iis  of  life.  Steel  dre\v  his  knife  and  cut 
his  brother's  throat  from  ear  to  ear.  The  next  da\  the  corpse  was  buried 
with  the  ciistoinarx  Indian  ceremonies. 

Tlii->  horrible  scene  occurred  in  Seneca  count)  in  the  year  iSjN. 
Steel  was  arrested  and  tried  in  Sandnsky  < onntv.  and  was  acquitted. 
Sn  tar.  Abb. 

l'»mteiTield  has  this  in  addition.  vi/: 

Supposing  this  blow  siitlicient  to  kill  him.  the\  draped  him  under  a 
peach  tree  near  b\ .  In  a  short  time.  ho\\e\er.  he  revi\ed.  the  blow  having 
bet-n  liroken  li\  the  ureat  mass  of  his  hair.  Knowing  that  it  was  Steel  who 
had  ^triick  the  blou  .  .lolm.  as  he  lay.  t  n rued  his  head  towards  ( 'nonstick  and 
said  :  "Now.  bi'ot  hei1.  do  yon  take  \  our  rc\  en^e." 

This  si  i  opera  led  upon  the  feelings  of  ( 'ooiist  ick.  that  he  interfered  to  save 
him:  but  it  enraged  Steel  to  Mich  an  extent,  that  he  drew  his  knife  and  cut 
John".,  i  hi'oat  fn  >m  eai'  to  car. 

<  it-ii.   I'.rMi  also  said: 

Three  years  thereafter,  \\hen  1  ua>  prepariiu  t"  reinoxc  them  to  the  \\cst. 

I  sa\\  t'oon-tick  and  Steel  renioxe  the  fence  and  le\el  the  ground,  so  that  no 
\eMJL:c  of  the  '_;]'a\e  reinaMied.     .lohn  clio^e  the  place  for  hi^  execution  near 

I 1  ard    I  i  ickor\  ">  lod^c  because  he  d  id  not    wish  to  be  killed   in  t  he  jiresence 
of  !::•>  \\  ife.  and  because,  also,   he   u  anted    I  lard    1 1  ic|\or\   to  \\  it  nc»  that  he 
"d icd  like  a  man." 

J'ul.u'e  lliu_;!ii-.  in  a  communication  to  Knapp'-  History  of  the 
\1  auinee  \'alle\  .  ^avs: 

l'p"ii  the  extinynishmenl  of  the  Indian  titles,  there  were  several  tribes 
that  cohtinned  to  oceiipx  their  foi'iiier  homes,  and  retained  theii'  titles  to 
-mail  reser\  at  ion>  of  land.  Ainoliii  t  hese  I  lidiaiis  \vas  the  t  ribc  of  Scnceas. 
u  ho  he|i|  a  n-ser\  e  of  ten  ini  les  si pia re.  on  the  Sand  n>k  \  ri\  er.  a  t'e\v  mi  le- 
abo\c  Freini.nt .  '|'he  political  relation--  lietween  these  Indians  ami  the 
I  niled  Stales  'jn\  erniiienl  were  peculiar.  The  Tinted  States  claimed,  and 
e\en-j-ed.  an  iiMiiiialc  -o\  c  i  ci  L:  1 1 1  \  o\er  all  Indian  I'eserves.  and  the\  coii- 
eedcij  .  |c  pcr-onal  jnri-dict  imi  and  independence  to  the  Indians  uith- 

in  i  he  IH  .i;inla  rie-  of  their  reser\  at  ions.      <  v>  nest  i  mis  requiring  decision  upon 
tlii-    '-eliiilon    \\crc    treipieiitl\    neeiirrim;   in   the    course   of  m>    judicial   ex- 

pel'iei   c,..         \  IIP  'IIU   o(  hel's.    U  a-  a   case  i  icc  111  rill'J  ill   the  Seneca   t  I  ilic.  of    pcen 

1 :  1 1   i.Mei  c-t . 


iii  A  1 11   (  n    st  N>  i  \   JOHN.  i  ; ; 

During  tin1  session  <>|'  the  Sii|>ivmc  ('mut  in  l-'n-iiinul.  in  I^_"J.  It  must 
have  hrrn  in  1*O»  in  ]V,o.  .\  i  in.  -mm1  ]if|si>n  in  l."U»T  S.indu-kv  rnt»Ted 
a  ri>lil|il;iillt  lietulV  II  jllstiec  nt  tin-  |>eaee  against  a  head  ehifl  "!  the  >">«-lie- 
eas  lnr  murder,  ami  In-  uas  arrested  and  lii'i>n^ht  lirl'niv  tin-  jii-tii'i-.  a<  i -uin- 
|iaiiird  li>  a  ninnlit-r  i>I  the  |>i  ineipal  IIH-II  ''1  his  trilir.  Tin-  in<  idents  n)mii 

\\llirli   this   pi  neeedillL'   \\  a  s    I'minded    air    \r['\    I  III  el  est  J  |e_r.  a-   illustrating    the 

1  mlian  lile  ainl  i-liai  arl«-r.  \\ilh  lln>  ln-ail  rliirt  «'.... n^In-K  1  \\a--<>nn- 
\\  li.it  ariinaint'-'l.  I  !••  \\  a->  a  ii»Mr  -.in-i-iiui-n  "!  a  man:  <>!  liin-  I'm  in.  i|iLriiili«-i! 
in  inanni-r.  ami  >-\  ini-ini;  inni  h  u I  ^I'li-^i-  in  1-1  HIV  i-r^al  i> >n  ami  1-1  >inlni-t . 


Tlii-M-  !ai-[>  licini:  pi  t-MMitni  t«.  1  In-  <ii]in-inc  (  '.  mi  I .  !  ln-\  ili-i-,;i|r.|  that  tin- 
i-\fi-iitiiin  iif  tin- friinina!  \va^anari  rnni|i|cif!\  \\ithin  the  iiin^lii-ti-in  nj 
tlit-  rhii'l .  aii'l  that  <  '<  H  m^t  ii-l\  \\a>  in^titicil  in  the  r\n-m  ii>n  n|  a  imlirial 
•>fnti'in-i-.  \\hii-h  In1  \\a^  tin-  |>n>|>iT  IHMXHI  in  carr\  it  intu  Hln-t.  Tin-  ra-i- 
\\  a->  (li^ini^-~r'l.  ami  ( 'imii^t  irk  'li>fhaiL;rii. 

Imiiii-  >.inl;->  Ilin  h.inl.  ut  rrrmniit.  t'nc  urn  K-  ni'  l'ri->:i!--n:  llavc--. 
iunl  a  ^turc  in  l.uwcr  S;in«liisk\  tiurinu  tiu-  tinic  ihr  >CIH-I  a>  u ,  re  mi 
:lu-ir  rc-'crvatinn.  Hr  ua^  callrd  ••Jiiilur"  I'mni  the  fait  that  iinr:iu 
the  i'\i>tein  e  i  ii  the  '  >M  i  i  nist  i  i  ii  t  i  i  ni  n!  (  ihin.  it  ro  I'lirn!  threr  a>»iii  "ate 
|ndi,ri'>  to  sit  \\ith  tin-  ('ireuit  Imlm.-  tn  lin'ni  uh.it  is  nn\v  kiM\vn  a- 
••(  '<  (iniin  m  l'U\is  ( 'diirt."  Mr.  I'-iri  h,  in  1  was  i  me  •  it  them. 

i'all  ('hiet.  Hani  ll;<kor\.  Seiiei  .1  |.  >hn.  (  'nri  \  I  .\  c.  (  ,  o.  M  1  H-.Mter 
a 'nl  utluTs.  trailed  with  him.  \I  r.  I'.iri  ha:  d  i  it  ten  attended  tlu-ir  da  IK  r-. 
.ind  said  that  Rudi  ilpliMs  I  >i<  kiiiM>n.  hid^c  lust'ne  and  Mr.  I  ;tir!d 
Dl'ti-n  tamed  uitli  the  Indian-.  The  Indians  <  ailed  \I:.  Ilinh.'.rd 
"  \iise.  |iia^'  i."  and  they  tuld  him  tli.it  ;i  me. in:  "tlu1  man  U!M  ..v\!-,s 
the  must  u!'  ;he  "and." 

Mr.   Hi  ri  ha  i  <  1.  in  his  <  i  unmun  n  ;it  n  >n  t>  i   K  n.i]  >j  />   1  I :  •>:•  M  \  .   ~.i\  ^ 

I  reinfinln-r  \\ell  the  ileath  n!'  M-m-ea  .Inhn.  lie  uas  .1  tall,  m-hie  Linking 
man.aiiil  \vas  >ai'l  [«  ha\e  in.ikeil  \ei\  miieh  like  ||em\  ('ia\.  lie  \\a- 

al\\a\s  pleasant  ami  eheeltlll.  lie  \\as  ealle.l  the  HK'st  e!i..|l|ent  s|n-;ike| 
nil  the  leselAe.  lie  ei>n|i|  !ll\\;i\>  lest. Me  haini"ll\  ill  tlieil  ei'llliell  \\heli 
t  Ili-n-  U  as  all>  lll-leellliL:.  I  11  1  lie  e\  e  1 1  i  1 1  •_:  lietmethe  ln"IIIlllur  "I  Illsilt-ath. 
he  was  at  lll\  sturc.  'I'he  ulmle  tlliie  sremeil  t,i  lie  Mi  t,is\li.  ^ti-ei  all'l 
(  'nnllst  iek  \\ele  jeah'lls  M!  .liihll.  nlj  aeeniiilt  "|  \\\~.  |m\\cl  aini  I II  [I  I  Icliee . 

.Inliii  ua>  a  ixri-al  ta\  m  itf  aim  HI  i:  the  >i|nau  s.  .1.  '1m  La.  |e  me  '  L:>  >< » 1-1  >\  >-." 
ami  st.,,,11  li\  me  mi  the  |Miieh  lietme  the  stnrcas  Mi.'  nthei  Indians  ,,,,|,. 
a\va\.  llf  Innkeil  at  them  as  the\  mn\ei|  n||.  \\itli  s.  i  mneh  sadno-,  j|,  )n- 
taec  that  it  atiiaeted  m\  attfiit  inn.  and  I  \\nndcrei|  at  .ln|m\  letlinu  them 
urniitl  \\itlmnt  him.  .Inhn  ini]iiiied  the  aiimnnt  <>f  his  imlr|itednfs>  a!  m\ 
stnie.  \\  e  then  \\elit  liehilld  the  enimtel  tn  the  desk.  The  ainniint  \\as 
li'^nrcil  up  and  staled  In  .Inhn.  s\  1m  said  snniet  hmu  at 'nut  pa\  i  I,L.'  M  .  and  t  In  -n 
\\  ent  a\s  a\  \\  it  In  MI  I  relating  an  \  «\  his  1 1  niil  lie. 


I  }4  HISTORY    OF    SF.NKCA    COl'NTY. 

The  principal  head  men  or  chiefs  of  the  Senecus.  were  (loud  Hunter. 
Hard  Hickory  and  Tall  Chief':  there  were  also  some  half- chiefs. 
Among  those  most  noted  was  Benjamin  I1'.  Warner,  a  white  man.  who 
had  previously  been  a  fireman  on  a  steamboat.  He  had  eloped  with 
an  Indian  woman  and  settled  down  among  the  Senecas. 

Hard  Hickory  was  the  leading  mind  among  them.  He  was  a  leader 
of  no  ordinarv  grade.  He  was  possessed  of  polished  manners,  seldom 
seen  in  an  Indian.  He  spoke  the  1'Ycnch  language  fluently,  and  the 
I'.nglish  intelligibly.  Scrupulously  adhering  to  the  costume  of  his 
people,  and  retaining  many  of  their  habits,  this  chief  was  much 
endeared  to  them.  His  urbanitx .  his  intelligence  and  ardent  attach 
ment  to  the  whites,  and.  above  all.  his  strict  integrity  in  business 
transactions,  obtained  for  him  —  and  deservedly  —  the  respect  and 
confidence  of  all  with  whom  he  traded.  The  merchants  of  Lower 
Sandiisky  reposed  such  trust  in  him.  that  when  some  poor  Indian  came 
to  ask  for  goods  on  credit,  it  Hard  Hickory  would  sav  that  he  would 
see  them  paid  tor.  no  more  was  required.  Thus  his  word  passed 
current  with,  and  for.  the  whole  tribe.  Mr.  (  )bed  Dickinson  was  a 
particular  friend  of  Hard  Hickory. 

Hard  Hickory  fell  from  his  high  station  as  an  honest  man.  Tempted 
by  money,  he  became  first  a  thief  and  then  a  liar.  How  many  of  our 
own  people- — some.  even,  in  our  own  town  of  Tittin--  -who.  tor  a  Ion- 
time  in  their  business  lite,  were'  regarded  and  esteemed  as  men  of 
profound  integrity  and  honesty,  who  had  stood  aloof  tor  a  long  time 
from  all  manner  of  (rime,  and  had  enjoyed  the  confidence  and  esteem 
of  all  \\lio  knew  them,  and  while  at  the  height  of  their  glory,  became 
di//v  and  weak:  and  as  they  fell,  took  down  with  them,  not  onlv  the 
monev  of  the  men  whose  confidence  thev  had  secured,  but  the  general 
condemnation  of  all  honest  men  in  the  communitx!  How  often  we 
are  deceived  in  our  fellows!  \\  e  often  let  men  of  tried  and  acknowl 
i  iliicd  honesty  stand  aside,  and  take  obscure  men  who  had  no  record 
tor  untliin  hiuu  honor,  put  them  in  places  of  honor  and  trust,  and  about 
the  time  we  be-in  to  think  they  are  lire  proof,  they  tall  down  deep  and 
take  our  moiic\  \\ith  them.  Alter  the  tall  ue  <  ompromise-  with  some 
In  ihief.  and  secure  as  much  ot  the  money  that  was  stolen 
the  gentleinanU  thief"  go  perhaps  to  run 
an--  don't  understand  etiquette  in  that  wa\. 

is    ilue    from    the    slate    oi    \  e\\    YI  >rk.  f<  >r    a 
i  erta  n  families  ot  Cayugas.  of  one  of  whi<  h 
mber.      This  annuit\   was    rcgularh   paid,  up  to 


IIAKI)     HieKokN      Ml   s|      I>ll  1^5 

their  reimn  al.  at  I  heir  « >!il  home  on  the  S.un!u-k\  .  l-\  an  arrangement 
with  tin-  general  :;o\  eminent  in  their  treats  at  \\  a>hin_'t'>n,  that  annuity 
uas  in  i-c  lorwarded  to  tin  in  at  their  new  home  on  the  Neosho,  through 
tin-  hands  o|  tin-  L;O\  eminent  agents. 

In  tin-  year  i-^v}.  a  drait  lof  tlu-  -uin  due  tin  in  innn  Neu  \<>rk.  \\a> 
loruarded  ami  rei  ei\ed  liy  them:  ami  in  order  to  n;ake  a  ili-trii>ntion 
i»t  the  money  aiming  those  entitled  to  rei  ei\e  ;!.  ;:  \\a>  n<-«  e»arv  \.« 
ha\  e  tlie  drait  <  allied.  t<  M  \vh:.  h  purpose  I  !  ard  II,'  kory.  u  ;th  (  ieor^e 
lleiTin.  the  intefjireter.  ueiv  deic-^ated  to  -o  to  |mt  ();!>-,oii.  Thev 
\\  ent,  -Mild  the  dratt .  and  rc«  ei\  ed  the  money, 

1  1  ard  I  I  :<  kors  then  proposed,  to  I  i  err  in  a  trip  to  \Va-l  i:iii;toii  (  'i:y  to 
>ee  alter  the  l»u>itii->^  "1  the  t  rilie,  relative  to  their  land,  ->a!e-  :n  <  >h;o 
>a:d  lie:  "I  et  u-  L;O  u  hile  \\  e  have  th:  -  mone\  :  it  will  make  no  dilterem  <• 
to  mi;-  people.  a->  our  (ireat  Kither.  the  President,  will  pa\  n>  l>ai  k  all 
the  mi>ne\  \\  e  spend  in  uoin^  there  and  retnrninu  hi>iiu-.  a->  he  d:d 
win  n  \\  e  went  to  i  mr  treaty." 

^o  oil  thev  ^tarted  to  NVa^hin^ton.  |-'or  ni'>re  than  a  month  the\ 
re\e!ed  in  all  the  luxury  and  di-^ipation  oi'  the  <  ity.  until  they  \\ere 
tired  ol  them.  Now  thes  determined  to  _;o  hoiiu-,  an«i  re.jue-.ted  the 
(  'ornin  i-.-<;i  i  tier  o!  Indian  A  il  air-,  to  re;mliur>i-  them,  and,  t::nii^h  nu-an^ 
to  return  uith.  l'hi>.  o[  i  oiii'-e.  wa-,  ri'lu-^ed. 

i  >n  arm  in_;  home,  their  mone\    wa>  iiear!\   uone.      1  1  i<  kory  u  a->  then 
i  ailed  Seti  >re  hi->  people  ti  i  _;;\  e  an  :•.<  count  ol'   him-elt".       lie  stated  tfiat 
lliere  \\.is  -omethin.4  \\roiii;  ahont  tin-  drat;,  and  he  had  to  _i.  t.i  Wa^h 
iti^ton    to    arrange    it;    that    the    I're-iden;    said    it    -.h>)'a!'i    all    !>e    made 
ri.ht.  and  the\    \\oulil  ^et   the  im>ne\    soon,  ali  in  sil\er. 

I )  o  u !  1 1 1  n  L,'   1 1 1 ,  ->    s  t  a  t  e  1 1  u  •  n  t ,  t  h  e  \'  s  e  n  t  ,  i  m  e  s  s  i  •  n  m'  i'    to    \  »}  '    (  ] ; !  i  -.  1 1  n    to 


mtrar\  \\  a  -  laUe.  \  solemn  <  oum  :1  \\.i-  <  ailed,  lu-tore  \\1:;, 
uin  mulled  to  appear.  lie  appeared:  !  <,•  p'ead  _:u.lt\  to  ;! 
i  laUrhooil.  and  mad<  no  attempt  to  pii'.:a'e  or 
'•it  threw  him-eli  upon  the  men\  ..:  !I.N  pt"].ie. 
'Mil.-,  tn  surrender  ili  !ii^  li.n--.c-,  aud  "'.her  ;.'-.' 


I  }6  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

the  truth  ot'  the  matter — in  other  words — had  not  lied  about  it.  he 
would  have  saved  his  lite  and  honor.  "And  from  my  knowledge  ot 
the  tribe."  says  (leu.  Ilrish,  "that  would  have  been  the  result." 

In  hnpes  that  he  would  yet  be  spared,  and  that  no  one  would  attempt 
to  kill  him  in  the  presence  ot  his  wite.  who  was  much  respected,  he 
confined  hinisell  to  his  house,  heavily  armed.  For  several  days  and 
niuhts  his  house  was  surrounded.  At  length,  the  notorious  Shane,  who 
helped  to  murder  Seneca  John,  volunteered  to  kill  him  in  his  house. 
Shane,  having  just  returned  trom  the  ('hero'kee  <  ountrv,  went  to  the 
house  in  the  night  and  rap]>ed  at  the  door.  Hickory  rerogni/ed  his 
voice,  and  naturally  supposed  that  he  had  at  least  one  friend  who  would 
try  to  save  him.  Hard  Hickory  was  the  uncle  ot  Shane. 

On  being  assured  that  Shane  was  alone.  Hickory  directed  his  wite  to 
unbar  the  door  and  let  him  in.  which  she  did.  Shane  wore  a  blanket, 
and  approached  Hickory  in  the  middle  ot  the  room,  holding  out  his 
left  hand,  while  his  right  was  under  the  blanket,  holding  the  handle  of 
a  long  knife.  Hickory  held  out  his  right  hand  to  Shane,  and  as  soon 
as  their  hands  were  grasped.  Shane  drew  his  knite  and  stabbed  Hickory 
through  the  body,  and  then  dragged  him  out  ot  doors,  where  several 
Indians  stabbed  ;md  tomahawked  him.  Thus  perished  the  renowned 
chief  I  lard  Hickorv.  with  the  seal  of  falsehood  stamped  upon  his 
hitherto  fair  <  haracter. 

'This  Benjamin  I-'.  Warner  had  become  entirel\  Indian  in  his  habits, 
and  associated  with  Hard  Hickorv  and  oilier  cliiets.  Those  who 
described  him  as  part  Indian,  were  simply  mistaken.  He  was  a  Yankee 
•  b\  birth,  but  he<  ame  .in  Indian  by  choice.  His  wile's  name  was  Kon 
ke  pot:  she  was  trom  (liven  l!a\.  and  a  Mohican.  The  Senecas 
adopted  the  tamilv.  \\arner  Itecame  a  sort  ot  maior  domo  ot  the 
t  ribe.  and  in  <  ommon  with  them,  drew  a  portion  ol  their  annuities  fr<  mi 
the  government.  lie  transacted  _a  great  deal  ot  business  fur  tln- 
Seii  eras.  It  a  horse  was  missing.  \\  a rner  woidd  lie  sure  to  track  and 
find  him.  He  <  ould  s|o<  k  a  mm  or  a  plow,  build  a  house,  tan  a  skin, 
ami  was  always  ie;>d\  tor  either  \\ork  or  sport,  but  sober. 

Mr  emigrated  with  the  Senecas  to  the  west.  His  wile  died  on  tin 
lourney.  soon  alter  <  rossing  the  Mississippi.  ,md  Hen.  with  his  <  hild. 
K  i  oiii pan led  the  tribe  to  the  ne\\  reser\  e  on  the  Neosho.  \\  arner  had 
,1  c  ow.  whi<  h  he  gave  to  a  poor  t.miilv  who  had  buried  their  lather  and 
husband  near  the  door  ot  their  <  abin.  near  the  \\est  line  of  Missouri. 


I  HAkl  IKl    — IMMK.k.VI  ION    "K      I  H  K    SINK  AS.  !•- 

hmise.  and  called  his  attention  to  the  fact.  His  n-ph  was:  -I  put  h» -\-  tin i.- 
mysHf:  tfiirss  the  woman  Tl  \\ant  her  \\oise  than  I  shall.'  Benjamin 
Franklin  Warner  proved  that  In-  carried  a  nnMi-  In-art  iimlt-i  ,t  rmi^h 
exterior." 

The  re  was  an  oh  I   Indian  h\  im,'  <  >n  the  \  an  meter  tr.i.  t.  in  this  i  •  em  t\ 

a  Mohawk  \\hose  name  \\.is  (  harheu.  and  who  u.i-  famous  ioi  ; 
ammosit\  to  the  Amern  ails.  At  the  a_;e  -i;  about  tueiitv  tive.  he 
fought,  with  the  rest  ot  the  <  anadian  Indians,  under  \li>nt<alin.  upon 
'.he  heights  oi  \braham.  vshere  the  brave  and  ^enen><is  \\olt  \\.i~. 
killed.  At  that  tune  lie  was  married,  and  had  -me  <  h'ld  He  iini-ht 
during  tile  late  war  mi  the  side  nl  the  Uritish.  ,md  had  a  iai^e  n'miliri 
nt  s(  aljis  in  his  possession,  ulm  h  he  had  taken  during  the  \\ar.  II, 
loined  the  >ene<  as.  with  the  rest  o|  his  trilie.  in  iSj().  and  u  ith  them, 
started  tor  the  distant  west.  \t  St.  l.ouis  he  uas  taken  s;(  k.  ai:d,  died 
on  the  J'>th  ila\  ot  April,  i  *.;.'.  As  he  wore  several  <  rosses  s;;>pende.i 
trotn  liis  h>n^  hair,  he  \\as  elaimed  h\  the  Roman  ('ath<iliis.  ,md 
reeei\  ed  a  (  hristian  burial  in  the  ('atholu  i  linn  h  \ard  ;n  ihat  i  i:y. 
lie  was  supposed  to  be  over  one  hundred  years  old  when  he  died..  II- 
spoke  1-reni  h  lluently.  and  was  well  known  to  the  first  settler-  m  thi- 
i  onnt\  . 

Tile  removal  ot  the  Setie<  as  to  the  west  w.is  agreed  upon  a:  \\.isl; 
inLCtnn  Cit\ .  on  the  jSth  da\  of  |-'cbruar\  .  i  S  ;  i .  This  treat  \  \\.isinadi 
betueen  lames  (iardiner.  ( 'ominissioncr  on  the  part  ot  the  I  nited 
States,  and  ('oiiistoek.  Seiiei  a  Steel.  ('apta:n  (  iood  Il'i'iter.  Ilaid 
I  I  ickorv  and  Small  ( 'loud  SjiicL'r.  <  hiets  oi  the  Seiieea  tribe.  (  i  eor_( 
lierrin  at  ted  as  interpreter,  and  (len.  llein\  (  .  l'.r;sh  as  si;b  a^en: 
The  pi'in  eeds  o|  the  s.de  ot  the  Si-net  a  reservation  were  '.»  be  i.  .• 
. nto  tnnded  stcn  k  .it  live  per  t  ent.  interest,  \slr.i  h  was  to  be  p.iid  to  ;};• 
Indians  as  an  annuilx.  alter  dediic!:n_:  the  tost  oi  building  lor  :!u- 
•seiiei  as  a  bla<  ksinith  shop  and  urist  mill.  The  (  nited  Stales  ^av< 
•hi-m  se\ent\  sj\  thousand  .n  res  oi  land.  Uin^  alon_  ihe  Neosho  and 
('owskin  n\ers.  northwest  oi  the  state  o!  \rkans.is.  and  !IJM:\  nr.ies 
.I'M  i\  e  |-  (  >r!  I  i  liis.  m.  >ee  i  liapter  Ji).  • 

In  the  !  a  1 1  o  i    the    \  e  a  r    i  .S  ;  i  .  the    >  e  n  e  i  as    ^tailed,  ;or  !  h  • 
'he  \\est.  \\hen    there  were    pist   ^i,    ot    them,  all  to],;.  ;he    most    m:\ed 
up  mess  oi  humanil  \  imaginable.       A  j-oi  t  ion  of  them  traveled  o\  <-rland. 
and  alter  experiem  in-  numerous  hardships  and  main    a*  i  idents,  finai';\ 
sii<  eeeded  in  re.n  hin-   M  issonri  in  the  lollr  >v\  ;  n^    spring.      The    i  li  v  is;,  in 
n    (  har-e    ot    (ien.     Urish    traveled    bv     uater,    encountering     but    little 
ditt'u  ult\  .      Tliev   reai  lied  the  <  >hio  n\  er  at   (  ";m  innati.  where  ;  he\   :•  >ok 
a  boat. 


1-8  HISTORY     01      SKNF.CA    COfNTY. 

Their  new  home  is  a  beautiful  country,  and  at  this  time  probably 
owned  by  the  whites.  On  the  j(>th  day  ol  April,  they  all  met  above 
St.  I.oui».  and  arrived  on  the  Neosho  on  the  .ph  day  ot  July,  following. 
(  >n  the  j')th  da\  of  August.  iKj:;,  they  had  been  reduced  down  to  the 
number  of  one  hundred  and  forty  three.  It  is  to  be  presumed  that 
at  this  time  there  i-  nothing  left  ot  that  once  powerful  tribe  ot  savages 
but  their  name. 

So  moie  it  be 

Simon  (iirty.  the  most  infamous  ot  all  the  white  savages  amongst  the 
red  skills,  was  adopted  by  the  Senecas.  and  became  not  only  a  great 
M  out.  but  also  an  expert  hunter.  lie  was  trom  Pennsylvania,  to  which 
-tale  his  father  had  emigrated  trom  Ireland.  The  old  man  was  beastly 
intemperate,  and  whisky  was  his  great  delight.  "(irog  was  his  song, 
and  grog  he  would  have."  1 1  is  soltishness  turned  his  wile's  affection. 
Her  paramour  knocked  the  old  man  on  the  head  and  won  the  price. 

This  couple  lett  lour  sons — Thomas.  Simon,  (ieorge  and  James. 
The  three  latter  were  taken  prisoners,  in  Hraddock's  war.  by  the 
Indian-.  (ieorge  was  adopted  bv  the  1 'clawares.  became  a  terocious 
monster,  and  died  in  a  drunken  tit.  lames  was  adopted  by  the  Shaw 
nee--,  and  became  as  depraved  as  his  brother.  It  is  said  that  he  often 
visited  Kentucky,  at  the  time  ot  its  first  settlement,  and  inflicted  most 
barbarou^  tortures  upon  all  captive  women  who  came  within  his  reach. 
Yerv  many  acts  of  cruelty  are  charged  to  him.  and  yet  I'roctor  and 
Klliott  petted  him.  In  Kentucky  and  Ohio.  Simon  sustained  the  char 
a<  ter  of  a  most  brutal  barbarian:  evervthing  cruel  and  licnd  like  was 
associated  with  his  name.  Indian  lite  and  brutality  suited  his  nature. 
and  with  all  his  cruelties,  that  stamped  him  as  a  hyena  more  than  anv 
other  beast,  it  wa-  said  ot  him  that  lie  saved  many  prisoners  trom 
death.  His  inlluencc  was  great,  and  whenever  he  chost.  to  do  so  could 
--a\  e  man\  p< tor  captix  es. 

In  Se])tember.  1777.  he  led  the  attack  on  Fort  Henry,  on  the  site  ot 
Wheeling,  and  demanded  the  surrender  oj  the  tort  in  the  name  of  his 
Urittanii  majestx.  He  read  the  proclamation  of  (lovernor  Hamilton, 
and  promised  the  pn>te<  lion  ol  the  <  rown.  it  the  L;"arr]-on  woiihl  l.i\' 
down  ihcir  arm-'  and  swear  allegiance  to  the  king,  lie  \\arned  them  to 
-'ibmit  peat  eab!\ .  and  -aid  that  he  could 
\  T\  urn  h  CM  iii  d.  (  'ol.  Shepherd,  the  i 
i ,  -  i  • ; <  < !  i  -. .  .  1 1 ,  •  1  i  - 1 1  <  i ',  I  r  o  m  i  thoimhtles^  \oiith 
c  i  i  •  1 1 1  •  i ;  '  j  .  and  !  a  1 1 1  •  i  j .  He  \\  a  >  als 


I  III      i  .IK  I  VS.  I   ;,, 

Kentucky,  about  fi\  e  mile-  trnm  1  .e\.m_;ton.  'I'he  Kentui  ki.m-  made 
-m  h  a  gallant  re-i-'am  e  that  the  Indian-  uere  an\imi-  !•>  retire,  when 

<  1 1 1 '  \  .  thinking  he  t  oiild  tn^hten  the  u'ai  ri-'  >i\  i  ntn  a  -ur;  ender .  mm;  n  ted 
a  -Pimp  and  in.uk'  a  -.peei  h   in  them.       lie  tnld  them  uhn  ne  u.i-,  made 
aii   m  inner  nl    promi-e-  ni    prntei  tarn,  ett  .      A   \miu_;  man  b\   the  name 

•  it    l\e\  imld-.  tearing  '.  he    ntn,  er-    umild    beli<-\e    <  iirt  \  .  \  n'un'eered  hi- 
re mark-,  and  -an!  In  t  i  ir:  \    :      "  \  mi  need  m>;  be  -•  i  part  i<  'liar  tn  udl  u- 
\iu.ir  name  :    ue  km>u    \nnr    name,  and    \  mi  inn.        |'\,-  h.nl  a  \:l!a:nm;- 
(!'>_;.        lie  ua-  an    untrn-t\\  orthy  t  n--         I   named    him    >,mn!i  <i;r!\,  ji. 
t  nmpliineni   to  \mi.  he  i-  -o  like    you  :    ju-t  a-  u^U    and    iu-t  a»   u  ;•  keti 

\  -  in  the  i  annon  .  let  them  i  otue  on.  The  t  ountr\  i-  armi-ed,  an-i 
ihe  -t  alp-  nt  \our  red  t  nt  throat-,  ami  \rnir  nun.  too.  will  be  dr\im_;  on 
mir  i  abin-  in  t  wen;\  tmir  hour-.  \\  e'\  e  a  bi_'  ->-ore  ot  rod-  Said  in  t.  • 
-i  our^c  \mi  out  auain."  I  hi-  rc-pmi-e  nl  l\c\miid-  ua-.  dtedual. 
'I  he  Indian-  withdrew,  and  uere  pur-ued  to  the  I 'due  lit  k-.  ui.ere  thc\ 
ia\  MI  ambu-h  and  delea'ed  the  kenim  kian-  \\ith  L;rea!  -laughter. 

('iirt\  also  led  the  attack  mi  ('olerain.  in  St.  ('lair'-  defeat.  lie  died 
;•  M  alden  in  1X15.  blind  and  poor. 

There  -eem-  to  be  -omethiiiL;  in  a  name,  after  all.        \\diether   name- 

-  i  \  e  l<>  l  he  pi  i--e--nr    t  ertain    l  rail  -    nt    t  har.it  ter.  or  u  he!  her    bei  n  _;-.  ( i; 
icrtain  di-pt  i-it  imi-  u  ill   nat  urall  s    a --nine  name-,  nnbmly  tan  lell  :    but 
\\hile  the-e  mmi-ter   brothers    became    the    terror    tmm  the  (  >hio  to  the 
lake.  aua\   out  in  the  nnrthue-tern  par:  m    I'dimd-   another  mmi-Ier  b\ 
ilie  -aim-  name      Mi<  hael  (i:rt\       bet  aine  the  terror  ot    the  prairie-. 

Tnr  -imilar;'s  til  name  and  <  harader.  Id  a  lew  ut.rd-  -uttn  e.  whit  h 
\M  take  trmu  Mat-oil's  Ili-tnry  m  Uureau  ("ount\.  Illiimi-.  It  mav  be 
true  that  M  ike  u  a-  a  -on  ni  Simon  :  but  nobod\  u  dl  care  to  know.  1 
ex '  ract  : 

Mike  i-  -aid  l"  has  e  bee  n  a  -mi  nt'  Simmi  i  .irt  >  .  a  \s  e  11  kim\\  n.  nd<  >i  i"ii- 
niillau.  uhn  in  17-n  f-eaped  t'ldn  ju-tiee  in  \\e-tt-rn  I'f  nn-\  1\  aiiia.  and 
tniind  letii'jf  aiimim-t  ihe  hnlian-  i«l'  <»Hi".  \\lii-n1  In-  eM-rei-fd  Lireat  in 
ilia  iiei  .  Mike  (  ,  n  i  \  u  as  Imi  n  nf  a  -tpiau  .  ami  -pent  hi-  farl\  litf  aiimn^ 
tin-  Indian-  "t  <  >hin.  lie  eaiiif  1"  t  hi-  eniint  i'\  -<«.  -n  at  'if  r  1  *•_'!.  and  \\  a-  f  lie 
l>ln\fi|  a-  inlfipietfi'  l'\  Hie  I'ur  ei>mpan\.  lleif  he  maiiifd  a  -<jiiau  and 
rai-fd  a  nnmlifi  d'  -t>n-.  Mikf  Hied  Laid  1"  u'ain  lln-  enulidfiiei1  d  tin. 
I  In  I  ia  n-.  I  a  1 1  1  hf  \  did  Hi  >i  i  I  n  -i  the  1  l  i  a'  -In  :  >  >i  l  -  1 1.1 1 1  I  >!  i  •  >\ . 

(  hi  I  hr  L'l  -t  "I  .1  m  a- .  l-_'7.  lifii.  (  'a--,  a-  Indian  a '_';••  nl  .  I  if  id  a  i -mined  in 
I  iurt'an  eniinl  \  .  u  it  h  I  In-  Indian-.  <  .  1 1  i  \  ael'  d  .1-  i  n'.'-i  ;••  ••  ii  i  .  (  a--  ua\  •• 
h  i  m  a  -]  1\  f  l  n.'  '  la!,  a-  a  1  "ken  i  'I  I  rn  nd-h  i  p  \s  IIP  h  h'  •  ai  l  I'd  'e  i  1  he  da\  .  •! 
In-  df.iih. 

\  1 1  c  i  l  In-  i  !-'-f  "I  I  In-  I  ll.if  k  I  l.i\\  k  \\  ar.  a  nunif  i  d  I  nd  i.m-  i  f  t  uriifd  t" 
Pi  m  f  a  u  f  niinl  \  .  A  nn  in '^  I  In- m  \\  i-n-  I  In-  ->|  na  l.\  and  p.ippi  n  ••,!•-  .  <\  t  ,  \\  t  \  ;  |.:,t 

<  i  i  rt  \    him  -f  It    '.\  a  -  in  'i    a  Hi"!  i '4    1  him.        1 1  i-  latf  at    that    I  i  im-  \\  a-    link  im\\  n  . 


140  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

but  it  was  generally  believed  that  he  had  been  killed  in  battle.  Some  time 
after  that,  on  a  clear,  bright  day  in  the  mouth  of  June.  ls:;<>.  when  the 
prairies  were  covered  with  wild  (lowers  and  the  farmers  busy  with  their 
work,  dirty  passed  along  the  road  to  Princeton.  Here  he  found  a  group  of 
buildings,  where  a  few  years  before  not  a  house  could  be  seen.  He  carried 
on  his  back  all  his  camp  equipage  blankets,  gun.  kettles  and  provisions. 
Ilis  once  straight,  maul)  form  was  now  bent,  not  from  age.  but  from  disease 
and  great  fatigue.  His  head  was  without  a  covering,  and  coarse,  black  hair 
\\  as  hanging  down  to  hrs  shoulders  in  confused  masses.  The)  said  that  "lie 
uas  undoubted!)  the  last  of  the  Mohigans."  He  was  not  inclined  to  answer 
any  questions,  but  passing  up  the  street  and  looking  at  a  painted  building, 
he  said:  "That  big  wigwam:  great  chief  live  there.  I  speck."  When  lie 
was  told  that  it  was  a  church  he  passed  on.  not  knowing  what  that  was.  He 
said  as  he  started  on.  "  Big  warrior  :  great  brave."  He  directed  his  steps 
towards  Indiantown.  Htye  he  found  everything  had  changed.  At  the  foot 
of  the  hill,  near  a  spring  outside  of  town,  dirt)  camped  for  the  night,  being 
overcome  b\  sickness  and  fatigue.  Here  he  gave  himself  up  to  feelings  of 
despair.  The  smoke  of  his  camp  lire,  and  his  loud  coughing,  attracted  the 
attention  of  Dr.  Langworthy.  who  visited  the  camp  and  offered  his  assist- 
ance ;  but  dirt)  appeared  sullen,  and  would  only  shake  his  head.  On  the 
third  day  after  his  arrival  at  Indiantown.  he  started  west.  About  one  week 
thereafter,  a  man  traveling  on  the  old  Sac  and  Fox  trail,  saw  on  the  prairie 
north  of  Barren  drove,  two  wolves  eating  a  carcass.  Out  of  ciiriosit) .  he 
rode  up  to  see  what  it  was  they  were  eating,  and  found  it  to  be  the  carcass 
of  an  Indian  parti)  devoured.  Near  the  remains  lay  a  gun.  knife,  toma- 
hawk, blankets,  a  copper  kettle  and  a  pot.  Around  the  neck  was  a  buckskin 
cord,  to  which  was  attached  a  silver  medal  with  this  inscription  :  "A  Token 
iif  Friendship.  Lewis  < 'ass.  I'.S.  I.  A."  Thus  ended  that  out-law. 

Oakley  was  the  first  post-office  in  Seneca  count).  At  the  time  this 
was  established  there  uas  but  one  mail  route  in  the  count)-,  and  this 
led  through  the  count).  Irom  Lower  Sandiisky  to  Columbus.  Soon 
alter  the  time  the  Seiiecas  settled  upon  their  reser\  atiou.  or  about  that 
timr.  thr  mail  was  carried  on  horseback  bv  a  voung  man  named  I  rich 
I)rakr.  who  was  a  son  of  Judge  I  >rakr.  of  Marion  count).  Young 
1  trake  uas  killed,  by  an  Indian,  as  it  uas  supposed  at  that  time.  lie 
uas  found,  torn  1>\  the  wolves,  and  marks  of  a  knife  were  also  dis- 
c  o\  ered  oil  his  bod  v. 

lu  i  N  vc  J  udge  I  trake  came  to  this  count)  to  hud  out.  if  possible,  who 
it  was  ilia;  murdered  his  son:  and  it  it  should  be  ascertained  that  the 
murderer  was  an  Indian,  then  also  to  find  the  tribe  he  belonged  to. 
He  <  ailed  upon  Mr.  I'.rish.  then  agent  of  the  Seiiecas.  and  in  companv 
•A'th  him  proceeded  to  the  residence  of  "The  ('row."  Martin  Lane 
-ic  ted  as  interpreter.  ( 'row  said  that  the  son  of  I  udge  I  ) rake  uas  killed 
b\  an  Indian  whose  name  was'1  Big  Kittles."  and  that  he  had  lied  to 
(\inada  soon  after  the  murder.  The  fudge  returned  home,  fullv  satis- 


mi     i)i, \  i  H    i>i     nk.vKK.  141 

f:c<i  '.hat  hi-%  M>n  wa>  mil  nit1  red  bv  a  ( 'aii.nli.in  Indian.  Hut  -u<  h  w.i- 
not  the  ta<  t.  Mr.  litu'-h.  -inin-tinu-  >iil>M-i  |uent!\  .  a>ked  (ieor^e  He!i:i. 
what  Indian  was  <  ailed  !',;_:  kittle-.  I  he  repl\  \\a»  that  it  was  Sp,<  er. 
tin-  white  man  who  l:\ed  upon  tin-  bank-,  oi  tin-  >andu>k\. 

IT  appear^  that  the  \c-un,  man  had  pa-sed  o\  cr  to  the  east  side  «•: 
thi  river,  and  when  mar  Spn  er'>  hou-e  was  met  }>\  him  and  a(«c>iii 
paiiird  to  the  pi.u  e  where  lu-  was  1"  •  ross  i,a«  k  to  the  uc>t  siiie  ot'  the 
r\e:.  >pii  er  ino'inted.  ;h,.  h,,i,e  lielund  I 'rake,  and  a>  -M  ><  >u  a>  the\ 
isaii  reai  lied  the  oppo-ite  !>ank  he  drew  hi>  knite.  and  re.n  !;,n^  around, 
tile  Y.niiu  man.  \\iih  one  eilort  <  nt  h;m  m-ari\  in  twain 

lie  then  dra_;^ed  liim  !>ehind  a  lo_;,  near  the  >pr:n_;  iu>t  In-low  tli< 
dam  oi  |II!HI  Keelle:'  on  ;he  Sandu->k\  river  -  about  three  mi!e>  nortl 
« ''  I  .tun.  \-  -'  M  MI  a-  t  hi^  \va-  d.(  me  he  w  cut  to  ( 'row  "s  hou->e,  sv  lio. 

oii-i_r\;i)L;  ilia'  he  >pi<  er  \\a^  co\  ered  w;:h  iilooil.  inqnired  wliethei 
'lie  had  kiiied  a  deer.  >pi<  i  r  replied  that  he  had  killed,  a  white  man  . 
where'ipon  (  ro\\  oriiei'ed.  him  to  ;>e  :.'one.  a->  in  all  piobabdit\  he  would 
be  pursued,  and  n  tr.n  ed  to  hi>  ('ro\\\  residence.  the\  nr.uht  ->u>pe(  t 
him  .it  bein_  ,u  i  e-^or\  to  the  murder.  Spit  er  lied  to  ('anada.  but 
alter  awh,!e  returned.  'l'!ie-e  pariii  ul.ir-  were  k(  pi  a  jiro;.«und  -ei  ret 
unt.;  rei.ued  ;..  Mr.  lln-ii. 

I  ;n  •  ti  i.'e^i  p.n^  i-  taken  :r<  >m  llutteriie'ui'-  11>V'!'\  oi  ^eneea  ( '"iinl\  . 
an  :  :»  _;\e;:  here  iur  \\hate\er  it  i>  worth.  The  \\\<>  -toru--  loi,'t 
a_:i  -  .  aiiii  the  iatler,  upiin  \\hii  h  tlie  ^reate^t  >;re--->  -«eeiii^  to  be  lai'i. 


'  i  ': ,  -~  1 1  r  ,  i  i  i  o :    I  ]  i  e  > '  o  r  \  .  1 1  o  w  e.  \  e  r .  :  >  !  n  i  e  :    \  :  /  :       I  i  i  i ',   •  i  i  e    \  <  >  • ;  1 1  _   m  a  •  • 

\  i  -   -.   i.e. :  a!  M  i  -;•   thai   time,  while  i  arr\  i  n_;  the  mail   to   I  i  >\\  er  s-andu^k\. 

•  ]  i ;   :  .1  . i  r   I  or;   >enei  a .        I  lie    \\  r: '.  er    --.i\\    a: id    <  '  >n\  er-.ed   \\ :  t  h  a  brothe: 

i!  '  •  i    m  ;: '  iered  mail  <  arrier  on  t  h;->  -'ibu-i  t.  a  lew    \  i-ar»  .1^-  >  i  n  M  ar.or. 

I          '  i!ii:'.i\    weft    ]]•>;   ->aM>lied  a>  to  'he  mannei'  oi  the  death.       It    i>  aU'> 

:.  tr.;'in'i   and  on   '.he  ea-t   -ide  ..I   the  resi.lein  e  oi   the   Reverend 

l<        .    I  .ip._.  ::.   I  r.'inoii:.  and.    ab.>ul    three    r-od-    troiw    hi-   do.,r.  up  or. 

•    an.:    m .r!!.  ..!     I  or:     -•epiM-n-  -n.  a:,  hum 

..!   i r   Drake.        I  he 

i      I  I  •  I  •,         I  >  I  I 


CHAPTER    IX. 


ROCKY  CREEK  FORT  BALL-COL.  BALL  ATTACKED  BY  INDIANS  ERASTUS 
BOWE  OAKLEY  NEW  FORT  BALL  FIRST  POST  OFFICE  -MILLS-ARM- 
STRONG AND  McCULLOCH  SECTIONS  EARLY  SETTLERS  IN  FORT  BALL- 
LOCATION  OF  THE  COUNTY  SEAT  -HUNTER'S  MILL  EARLY  SETTLERS  IN 
THOMPSON.  ON  HONEY  CREEK  AND  ROCKY  CREEK  MELMORE  COL.  KIL- 
BOURNE  HARRY  BLACKMAN'S  CORNERS  ANCIENT  FORT1FICATI ONS  COL. 
RICHARD  JAQUA. 


ROCKY  CRIT'.K.  lias  its  source  near  the  south  line  in  section  }}. 
Reed  township.  Running  north  about  three  miles,  it  takes  a 
westerly  direction  through  the  center  of  Scipio  township,  entering 
Kden  near  the  north-east  corner,  and  sweeping  through  several  sections, 
turns  in  a  north-westerly  direction  and  enters  the  Sandusky  river  at  its 
right  hank,  in  the  city  of  Tiffin. 

Nearly  opposite,  and  west  ot  the  mouth  ot  this  stream,  on  the  left 
hank  of  the  river,  where  Lafayette  street  now  strikes  the  same,  is  a  large 
-pring  of  excellent,  cold  water.  This  spring  attracted  the  attention  of 
Col.  (as.  Y.  Hall,  when  in  1813  he  was  about  to  build  a  stockade  near  the 
army  road  on  the  bank  of  the  river,  under  instructions  from  (icncral 
H  a rr i son.  A  deta<  hment  of  men.  under  the  command  of  the  Colonel, 
built  the  stockade,  and  called  it  "Fort  Hall." 

In    September.    iS^^.   a    company    muster    was    held    near   the    pla<  c 
where  the  old  fort   Used  to  be.       There  was  an  open  space  between  this 
'loint  and  where    the    Mo^r    works    now    are.        The    trees    were  cut.  but 
ps    Mil!    remaining,  interfered    very  much   with  the  evo 
••,!;•  My    lamented    friend.  ( 'hristopher    Studer.     a 

e  lit'1  uill  be  found  elsewlu're  herein,  i  and  unbelt  at 
mpaiH  mu-ter.  It  was  the  'irM  display  of'  Ameri«an 
ever  --aw.  The  sun  shone  very  hot.  and  to  gel 
into  some  kind,  of  •diade  we  both  sat  down  under  a  small  sycamore  bush 
'i-.at  grew  out  tr<>m  under  an  old  log.  bedded  half  wa\  into  the  ground. 
l'hi>  log  ..  rt  D|  the  '>id  tort,  and  the  little  s\  <  amort1  bush  _;reu 

up  int'i  a  '     it    stands   cdose  by  the    residem  e  of   I)r.   Ilo\e\    at  this 

writing.  This  <  amp  was  built  as  a  temporary  place  of  security  in  <  ase 
«t  nece-sit\.  and  a-  a  maga/ine  lor  supplies.  It  consisted  of  stakes  a 
toot  in  th:<  ki;e»  fixed  in  the  ground,  with  old  bavoncts  driven  through 


,^V*;v>  *fe'»3Btf2f  t'*  *r*A-    -  fcv'tf^ 

^'^^I^W^kJ4^ 
MJ*  v  ^^^l^wf' 

iKuKA^^^^R^Wf?  ;'t^' 

r>C'  S4^;.%;     :  ..  ^t   •flw.t*  v  >'v\v     f  / 


h  •  i  K  I    I  ;  \  I  I  .  14; 

them  hori/ontally,  near  the  lops.       A^ain--!    the-,e  lo^-,  \\ere  piled  upon 
the  out>;de,  .uul  o\er  tlu-  hu's  «lirt  was  thrown  trmn  a  ilitch.  whu  h  >ur 
rounded  the  whole.        Theiv    was  room  in  the    ulterior  lor  ti\e  hundred 
MICH. 

Alter  the  battle  of  Tippe<  anoe,  and  while  t'.eneral  H.U'i-o';  \va-  .it 
Fort  Seiifi  .i.  he  sent  .1  ilr!.i«  hmenl  ol  men  up  the  ri\er  to  strengthen 
tin--  <  amp.  The  soldiers  wen-  .  (uartcrei  1  here  se\  eral  da\  -.  dur.u.: 
wliii  h  time  the\  were  \  er\  short  oi  pn>\  ;>,,  m>.  .ui«l.  be;iu  <  ompriied  to 
subsist  on  iish.  a  (i.iri  -<tooil  ^u.ird  while  the  re-t  were  !i>hini;.  to  protei  t 
them.  H  nece->s.iry.  tiom  the  iurk.n^  ^.n.ue-.  lleiorc  ihe  li.ittle  o| 
1'ort  S'e|ihen^cin  tin--  iiet.li  hment  let!  lor  the  M.rimee.  liut  the  |io>;  s\.i^ 
oeriipieil  01  (.  i-  ion,  ill  \  until  (  lener.il  I  I  .UTI^IM  \r\\  i  he  i  oun'  r\  . 

Ihe  rem.un>  ot    ^e\  er.il  ><>hlier->    th.it    had    lieen    Icineil    ne.ir  the  tort 
were  atterw.iriU    found  in  ilijuin.;  in  the    \  n  inity.        (  )ne    w.i->   exhume.  1 
.!.!•>[  ^unnner  wlien  l,i\  IIIL,'  l1^"^  ''"'  the    \\.iler  \^o^k•^  in  the  Mree!.  .ihcci' 
h.ill    w.i\    Between  the  ri\er  and  the  Mo\e  work--. 

('ol.   I'..  ill  with  hi-,    trooji--  on    their   way  to  the    Maumee.  aliout  a  hah 
mile    MMith  we^t    of   llalUille    in    Sandu-k\    iount\.    and    a   da\    or    two 
pii'vio'i--  to    the    a^--ault    upon    1'ort    Stephen^on.   had  a  --kirmi^h    with  .> 
numlierot    Indian-.      The  ^ijuadron  \\a^  mo\-;nu  toward^  the  tort,  when 
Mlddenh    the\    were  lired  upon  by  the   Indian--  Irom  the  wesi  >n!e  ot  the 
road.    whereu]ion    ('•!.    I!.  ill    ordered  a  ehar_re.        lie.  with    hi-    -uit    .ind 
the  ri-ht  tl  auk.  came  into  the  ait  ion  i  in  medial  el  \  .       Tin-  (  'olonei  -.mirk 
the  lu-t  iilow.        lie  da-hed  in  between    two    -a\a^e-    and  i  'it  down  the 
one   on    the    ri^ht:    the   other,  benii;    -h^htU     in    ih.e    rear,    made  a  blo\\ 
Aith  a  tomahawk  a'   h;-  ba<  k.  when  a  -iirin^  ot  h;-  hor-c  to  one  -;de  let 
'he  tomaliaw'k   <  u!   deep  into  the  i  antel   and   pad  oi    !,:-   -.niijie         I'.e'ore 
1  lie    -  i\  a_'  •    i  o'lld     t  epea'     the    i  now     h,  •     u  a-    -ho;     '  ,\     I     e  ;  .  .;   .       R  \  an 
I  ;--u'i'U  in:        il'ler.v  ard-    (  i'-uera!     I  inie-    1  1.  d_,  -.     '!     \lin-;        '.  "  i':.. 
the  oir\e\or  oi    rittin.  an.!  broth,  i  ,.•   Mr.  jo-       .11    '!_.•-.  i'ty 
ol     I  ,11m.  |.»i;.iwin.    !  i    :',       :    ar    ':;•  <\i:\'  ••>{    •<:.    s    -ma';'    :;or^e.      '::^:ed    .. 


a  ;  i  ,     a  --  i  i  '  •  :  •  .  :   rat:    him    throug       wit        i  ;  -    •-wor.  .  a  t  m  a  ;  u 

vear-  ther".i:ter.  the  >t  irrup  w  a-  tound    aim    -  e  Dalian'    I  I  ,        e-. 

,U    \Ian-iie;d. 

\t   thi>  time  (  'aptain   I  1  opki  n-  wa>  |>ur  -11111^  .1  pow  er'ui  >a\  a^e  on  ; 
left.'     The  >a\a^e  turned  and  -!rt;<  k  a  blow  at  the  <  a;.  tain  w:th  a  t-'ina 
hawk:    ihe  (  a]rt  ain'--    hor-e   sjiran^    to   one    --ide,  and    the    l>low  l.r.K-d,  ,u 
e\e<  ut  ion.      Cornel    I  Ia\  •-  and  Sergeant   Ander-on  r  in  up  and  soon  d:-- 


144  lllsl'OKV     01      SKNKCA     COl   X TV. 

patched    the   savage.       'The    Indians    were   twenty  in  number,  of  whom 
seventeen  were  left  dead  on  the  ground. 

On  the  i.Sth  of  November.  1817.  Mr.  F.rastus  Howe,  the  first  settler 
in  Sciiet  .1  cotiiit\.  arrived  at  ('amp  Hall,  where  some  hired  men  had 
erected  tor  him  a  double  louc  house  within  the  limits  ot  tlie  camp. 
Mam  of  the  stakes  were  then  still  standing.  This  was  the  first  settle 
meiit  in  the  county.  Here  Mr.  Howe  kept  tavern,  which  was  the  first 
in  Seneca.  Hotel  bills  must  have  been  lii^h  in  those  days,  because 
butter  co>t  two  shillings  a  pound,  pork  six  dollars  per  hundred,  and 
tlour  twelve  dollars  a  barrel.  The  house  ot  Mr.  Howe  was  the  only  one 
on  the  left  bank  of  the  river  within  the  present  limits  of  Tiffin,  when 
the  town  of  Oakley  was  surveyed  and  platted. 

In  i  X  i  <)  Mr.  Joseph  Yanse  surveyed  a  town  upon  land  granted  to  one 
Robert  Armstrong,  known  as  the  Armstrong  section,  and  called  it 
<  >akiey.  This  was  the  first  town  surveyed  and  platted  in  the  count}. 
Howe's  tavern  was  in  that  survey. 

Mr.  I  (avid  Risdon.  who  took  a  very  active  part  in  opening  up  the 
i  ounty  to  civili/ation.  and  who  became  very  popularly  known  as  a  siir 
vevor  and  citi/en.  was  appointed  the  nrst  post  -master  in  the  count}, 
'he  office  beiiiLC  located  here  at  Oakley.  There  was  then  but  one  mail 
route  in  or  through  the  count}',  and  that  extended  trom  ('olumbus  to 
Lower  Sundusky.  alonu  the  armv  road.  • 

It  was  said  oi  Mr.  Risdon.  that  while  he  was  post  master  he  used  to 
L:O  fishing  oc<  asionalh  .  and  <  arrv  the  mail  matter  with  him  in  his  hat. 
I'eople  th.it  were  anxious  to  -et  their  mail,  and  could  not  wait  for  his 
return,  would  lolimv  him  up.  ah>n_;  the  river.  Mr.  Risdon  would  then 
take  the  post  office  trom  his  head,  and  look  lor  papers  and  letters. 

In    iSji   ;\vo    brothers.    K/ra  and    Case    Hrown.  erected    the  first  ^rist 
mill  in  the  count},  upon     Honey    creek,  near    Melmore.       A   Mr.  Free. 
Iroin   Hloom  towiishiji  had  the  first  urist  ground  there.      The  event  was 
hailed  w;tli  -real   jo_\   aniou-st  the  earlv  settlers,  who  had  hitherto  been 
compelled    to    L:O    to    Monroevillc.    ('old    ('reek.    I'pper    Sandusky    or 
Mount    Yernon.    to    _;et    their   ^rindim;    done.       John    Knit/er.   an    earlv 
-••tiler  from  the  state  of   Pennsylvania.  aUo   erected  a  jurist   mill  a  short 
d.;>;am  e  ilnwn  the  <  reek  trom   Mrlmore.  in   iXjj.       Mr.  Knit/er  was  es 
'eemeii  bv  those  who  knew  him.  tor  his  intelligence  and  manlv  ipialitie-. 

I :;  i  x  i  o  \bner  I 'ike  settle*!  in  (  )akley.  and,  at'.eru  ards  located  on  I  he 
'arm  -it  'he  late  l./ra  Maker,  near  where  the  mill  by  that  name  still 
-rand-  . .;  • :  Sandusky. 

I  u  i  --•  ;  '  '  io\\  n  lit  !•  ori  Hail  \\  a-  surveyed  bv  I  )av  id  R  isdon.  Thi- 
iiH;uii-(i  •'  •  Oakley.  Some  people,  who  knew  but  little  ol 


RUM;   KKSKRVA  i  ION.  :-15 

the  sagacity  of  Josiah  Hedges,  were  of  the  opinion  that  if  the  lands 
on  the  west  bank  of  the  riser  had  not  belonged  to  Robert  Armstrong, 
the  counts  seat  ot'  Sene<  a  would  have  been  1m  ated  there. 

At  the  treats  of  the  Miami  of  lake  Frie,  the  I'nited  States  -ranted 
this  tract  to  Robert  Armstrong.  It  was  a  section  of  six  hundred  ami 
torts  ,n  res,  and  known  as  the  "Armstrong  reservation." 

Armstrong  svas  taken  captive  by  the  \\sandots  ss hen  a  child  three 
years  old,  in  Pennsylvania.  He  married  a  halt  blood,  and  was  much 
respected.  He  spoke  exi  client  Fn-lish,  and  one  could  si  an  els  dis- 
cover that  he  svas  raised  amongst  the  sas  a-es.  This  land  svas  -ranted 
to  him  by  the  I'nited  States  for  his  sirs  ices  as  interpreter.  He  died 
in  iSj^.in  the  \\sandot  reserve,  about  tsvo  miles  from  I  ppcr  Sandusky. 
At  the  same  treaty  the  I'nited  States  also  -ranted  to  the  children  of 
William  Mi  ( 'ulloch  a  section  of  six  hundred  and  forty  acres,  ly  in-  just 
north  ot  and  adjoining  the  Armstrong  reserve.  Mi  ('ulloi  h  was  killed 
by  a  i  annoii  ball  at  the  sie-c  of  l-'ort  Mei-s,  while  sittin-  in  (ieneral 
Harrison's  tent,  and  was  at  that  time  employed  bv  the  I  nited  States 
as  interpreter. 

FIs  1  Iresb.u  h.  from  ( 'ircles  ille.  a  -raduate  ot'  the  (  >hio  Mcdit  al  Col- 
lege, also  settled  in  l-'ort  Hall,  on  the  i;th  ot"  February.  i^-.V 

Roilolplnis  iMikinson.  from  Nesv  York,  the  firs'  lasvser  in  Senei  a 
county.  aUo  settled  in  Fort  Hal!  in  iSjj. 

Abel  Kawson.  from  M.ISS.U  hiisetts,  arrived  on  :he  I5'.h  ot  I  ebruarv  . 
i.Sjh.  and  settled,  in  1-ort  Hall. 

A  Mr.  Jesse  Spent  cr,  the  proprietor  of  1  ort  Hall,  and  Mr.  b'^iah 
Hedges,  tile  proprietor  o!  Tittm.  tsvo  towns  adjoinm-  on  the  riser. 
were  cat  h  sirivin-  to  secure  the  location  oi  the  counts  seat  in  their 
respective  towns.  Other  people  became  interested,  and.  lor  a  lon^ 
time  '.here  svas  a  vers  bitter  <  on  tint  betsveen  these  rival  parties  tor  sin 
c  ess.  Thev  sometimes  i  ame  to  blows  about  it.  The  brush  dam  \\.is 
also  a  bone  of  i  ontention.  and  one  time,  even  alter  tl-.e  •  mints  seat 
was  lo<  ated  in  Tittin  and  Mr.  Hedges  had  the  tsvo  stors  trame  buildin- 
put  up.  svhii  h  ss  ill  be  further  des(  ribed.  i  lor  a  court  house,  he  knot  ked 
Mr.  Speih  i-r  dosvn,  tor  vs  hi<  h  lled.es  was  arrested  and  tor  a  short  time 
imprisoned  in  this  i  our!  house.  l-:nalls  Mr.  Hedges  bou-ht  mil 
Jesse  S|it-i:i  er.  and  bei  ame  the  ossner  ot  1  or;  Ha!'.  I  hereupon  Mr. 
Hed.-'-s  had  additions  surs'escd  and  platted.  \,\  }  I:M.-S  1  )-irb:.n.  ie  :.um 
b-niu  il.c  io :-  and  extendin-  the  lin:i:s  ,,;  |..r:  Hui.u!:.  rojn  that 
t;me  toruai'i  \\a-  knossn  bv  the  naim  n|  Ne-.s  1  ••'•  |'.,i.  .  un::l  .;  ss.is 
lina  i  1  v  merged  ;ulo,  a:-  i  bei  ame  a  p  i  rt  o;.  •  !:•  •  i  .  •  v  oi  I  ;  HIM. 

1  he  oiic-n   ~i;;iare  ai  ros^    ih.e    street.  soM'h  o-    and    ot1t,osite   Mi  Neat's 


I4<J  HISTORY    OF    SKNT.fA    COUNTY. 

store,  was  the  place  intended  tor  the  location  of  the  court  house.  New 
Fort  Hall  was  surveyed  and  platted  in  1X57.  It  is  situated  u]>on  the 
eastern  portion  of  the  Armstrong  section,  and  contained  six  hundred 
and  twcntv  in  lots.  together  with  several  additions  that  had  then  al- 
ready been  made  to  Tittm,  "Pan  \  an"  among  them,  which  was  situated 
between  the  iron  bridge  and  the  tunnel. 

In  iXji  Josiah  Hedges  entered  the  land  where  the  old  town  of  Tiffin 
was  afterwards  located,  at  the  Delaware  land  office.  The  town  was 
surveyed  and  platted  by  the  brother  of  the  proprietor,  Oeneral  lames 
Hedges,  ot  Mansfield.  The  first  stick  was  cut  upon  the  town  plat  in 
March.  1X22,  and  soon  thereafter  Henry  Welch,  of  Kdcn  township. 
John  Mini  and  two  other  men,  Wet/  and  Drennon,  had  each  a  lot  given 
to  them,  with  the  condition  that  each  should  build  a  cabin  on  his  lot 
and  move  int.<  it  with  his  tamilv.  which  was  done  accordingly. 

lames  Spink,  ot  \\Doster.  came  here  in  the  same  month,  and  brought 
with  him  a  stock  ot  goods.  In  the  following  winter  his  store  was  bro- 
ken open  and  robbed  of  nearlv  all  its  contents.  This  so  discouraged 
Mr.  Spink  that  he  left  in  disgust. 

Simeon  1!.  Howard,  from  the  eastern  part  of  Ohio,  also  located  in 
Tiffin  about  that  time. 

Finally  the  day  arrived  when  the  great  trouble  about  locating  the 
county  seat  was  to  come  to  an  end.  The  legislature,  during  the  winter 
session  of  i  Xj.?.  had  appointed  three  commissioners  to  locate  the  county 
seat  for  Seneca  countv.  vi/  :  Messrs.  Hertord,  Miner  and  Cyrus  Spink. 
These  gentlemen  arrived  here  on  the  251!!  of  March,  1X22.  and  located 
the  seat  of  justice  for  Seneca  count}'  at  Tittm.  where  it  has  ever  since 
remained.  The  Fort  Hailites  were  very  much  chagrined  and  put  out 
about  it,  but  finally  came  down. 

Very  soon  thereafter  Mr.  Hedges  built  a  mill  on  the  right  bank  of 
the  river,  immediate!)  north  of  Tittm.  where  the  present  brick  mill  now 
stands,  tin/  dam  of  \\hich  is  still  (lowing  back  the  water  of  the  river 
throughout  the  whole  extent  of  the  city  along  the  river.  The  mill  was 
known  b\  the  name  of  the  "Hunter  mill,"  because  Mr.  Samuel  Hunter, 
the  oldest  son  in  law  of  Mr.  Hedges,  had  charge  of  it.  To  show  how 
greal  a  spih  the  principal  inhabitants  on  the  Fort  Hall  side  of  the  river 
entertained  against  Mr.  Hedges,  the)  inliuenced  Mr.  Spencer  to  bring 
an  a<  lion  against  \]r.  Hedges,  tor  flowing  Spencer's  land  b\  the  dam. 
Th  i  I  ihe  mill,  and  said  all  the  hard  things  of  Mr.  Hedges 

and  •.          ild.       Soon    the    patronage    of  the  mill  tell  oil.  and 

ill  •  i-'il-'i'pri-f       •nurd  in  fail,  luiwever    uei  e-sar\    and    si  an  <     the  mills 
v>  i -re. 


Ill   In. I V     Mill          I  II  I  IN.  147 

Then  Mr.  Hedges  resorted  to  .1  stratagem.  whi«  h  -oon  proved  t" 
have  the  desired  etfeet.  1  ledges  sent  mil  word  to  a!  I  his  i  'i-tonier-  .mil 
the  people  far  ami  near,  that  he  uould  hkels  he  i  ompellcd  In  take  hi- 
mill  away,  and  that  ii  they  ui-hed  their  ^rindin^  done  the\  IIPI-I  hurry 
up,  etc.  This  nntit  e  ra;-ed  -mh  general  indignation  m  the  i  •  «uiiti  v 
against  the  enemies  of  Mr.  lied_;e-  that  ii  turned  the  tide  in  his  ta\ur. 
and  Hunter's  mill  be<  ame  the  nn»t  popular  null  "D  the  ri\er.  Mr. 
Hedges  bought  Spemet'-  Ion  Hall,  and  pea<  e  ua-  restored  to  the 
border.  At  the  time  the  i  ommi->>ii>ner->  Imated  the  (<nni!\  -eal  at 
I'ittin.  there  were  but  six  «  ;il>in^  Hi  it .  I 'he  greater  number  «'  t  hi-  early 
settler-  were  mi  the  Fort  Hall  side,  and  the  lau\er-.  d'x  tm-.  MICK  hants 
and  all.  were  in  uni-»n  in  their  li^lit  U]MHI  Mi.  lleiLe--.  b'.n  lie  init^en 
eraled  them  all. 

TiMm  wa-  named  after  (!ii\ernnr  l.duard  littin.  the  fir-t  ^i  >\  «.-riiiir 
ot  (.  )h;o,  \\  ho  was  a  particular  triend  oi  Mr.  iled^es.  At  this  untmi: 
three  daughters  oi"  (iovernor  I'ittin  are  still  !i\nu  t\\'>  in  the  town 
ot  ( !hilli(  othe.  Kos-,  eniiut}'.  and  Mrs.  I>r.  ( 'mue^ys.  ;n  ( 'im  innati  — 
the  mily  survi\  in^  members  of  the  :;•  iverm  >r's  tamil\. 

The  loeatinn  i)t'  the  (ouuty  -eat  took  phu  e  t\\o  years  before  Seneca 
county  wa-  really  or^aui/ed  and  ilothed.  \\ith  iudii  iai  or  mumc'pal 
[towers. 

Iturin^  the  latter  part  of  the  \ear  I.SK;,  and  during  iSjo.  the  beautx 
ot  the  "oak  openings"  and  the  rii  lines-  oi  the  so'!  attr.u  ted  '|uite  a 
number  ot  penpU-  to  Thi>mp-ou,  and  the  \\'hituey-.  I  nderhilU.  l'uri!\s. 
('larks.  l)emi(k-,  I  \vi--e-  and  other-  bei  aine  -' jii.u  !er-.  .nvaitini;  tin- 
land  sale-. 

About  the  -aine  time  the  toueriim  oak-,  -oil  and  -i  ein  r\  aloim  the 
bank-  of  llo:i<-\  i  reek  and  l\oi  k\  <  reek,  made  the  immigrants  -a\  .  u;th 
the  di-<  iple-  of  old:  ••  It  :-  ^ood  for  n-  to  be  here  ;  let  M-  maki  here 
three  tabei'liaele-  :  one  for  thee,  one  lor  MO,,'-,,  am!  one  to,-  l.l;a-.' 

Here,  am.    the  \Vel.  he-,  the  < 'lark-,  the  e-.  th.     Urowiis,  the 

Makers,  the    >earle-e-.  the    1'i'at;-,   the  (  'rau  -.  the   Knap;  -.  the  (  'ornelU. 
the   1  loiuhs.  •  i  e  llret-e-.  the   I)o\\n-e-,  the   I  .c,  ".a  -.  t  in    <  '.    ;-on-.;!ie   Han- 
da.;  e-.   th'      Ka_\  -.   the     I  'eiuiMiL  .ton-,  1  lie     1-  leets.   :he    \\  .1 '  •'   :  i  -.   t  he     K  '  >\ 
ler-.  the  Ii  i-;man-.  the  i  im-'.  d-.  et,  . 

With    t!.,     eyi  ep-ion    of   a    ;•  -w    ,  I  .-   •     Hai     ami    near 

I'  o  I' t    S  i  •  1 1  e  i    a  .    a  1 1      t  ' .  e     I  .1 1  !  \     - '  • '  '  '  '  •  1 !  1  e  11 '  •      V\  e  !' e     !  1 1  1 1  i  e     »'.}     '.  ' .'       •     i  - 1      -  i  d  e    i  ' ' 

the  ri\  er,  esj.ei  ial!\    aio;u     11'  :    K-  ^  - 

the  ri\  er  \\  a-  n<-a:  !\    .. '  1  ;>  •;  <  -'     ir.d    \\.\\    • .     •  '.  \    tn 

t  here  \\  (  re  tio  -et '.  !>  me:,;  -  at  all. 


I  48  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

Col.  Kilbourn.  also  a  pioneer  surveyor  in  Seneca  county,  took  a  very 
acti\e  part  in  its  organi/ation.  He  surveyed  the  state  road  already 
described  and  known  by  his  name;  also  the  towns  oi  Melmore  and 
Caroline  in  this  count}'. 

Among  my  first  acquaintances  in  America,  was  my  friend  James  M. 
Steven-.,  of  Melmore.  He  and  1  were  apprentices  ami  learned  our 
trades  at  the  same  time,  in  the  same  shop,  in  Tiffin.  James  is  a  great 
singer — was  at  that  time — and  among  the  many  songs  he  sang  was  the 
poem  composed  by  Col.  Kilbourn  on  Melmore.  James  used  It)  sing  it 
to  the  tune  of  "How  tedious  and  tasteless  the  hours." 

Friend  Stevens — well,  I  don't  like  to  say  much  of  the  living — but 
James  is  a  very  clever  man.  He  lost  an  arm  in  the  war  of  the  rebel- 
lion, and  is  now  familiarly  known  as  Colonel  Stevens.  The  poetry  on 
Melmore  is  recorded  here,  not  so  much  for  its  poetic  excellence,  but 
because  lame-;  used  to  sing  it. 


When-  honey-dews  from  the  mild  heaven. 

I  )i-»lil  mi  the  foliage  below 
\Vhere  Ilone\  rivek  "s  waters  are  gi\  en 

'!"  eurirli  the  sweet  vales  as  they  Mow: 
U'luTe  pla\  fill  tin1  heai  t-eheeriiiLT  bree/.e 

S\\er|>>  o'er  the  sNNeet  bosom  of  Mowers- 
Then-  .Melmore  i>  seen  through  the  trees. 

With  fragrance  and  health  in  her  bowei> 

Thi-  ri  'iint  IA  and  village  |o  prove. 

(  M    plea-u  TV  ;nii|  hea  It  h  t  lie  al  H  pile. 
Kind  Nature  lia-  found  in  her.  lo\e. 

A  ml  on  her  mio.|  diililren  lie-toN\ed. 
'I'll1'  fee>  to  her  auent  -  a  re  small. 

(•'or  title-  in  t'i  <r\\\  \\  liii-h  t  lie\  ^i  ve  : 
'1'lien  c,  Hue.  men  ( >t   i-nter|iri--e     all 

A  ( •  e  i  lit.  and  in    1 1 ;  i  ]  >  \  <  i  n  i  •  -  -  live. 

Meivhaiii  -and  lal"  irer-,  come. 

\   f"  iff  HIM-  j>  i  ift'cri-il  \oii  near  : 
!  I  'i  e  make  i;  N  i  iiir  permaiii'iil  lionie. 

1       •  '  I'lli-ri-ll    N  ( ill   hei'e, 

1 1    .-  1 '  I  •  i  1 1  LT  -  . 

I '       '  -     tin    M i  •  1 1 1 1 1  > i  •  i  a  1 1  1  a  1 1 1 1 > . 

In  >iiipi   a  lid  pleasure  t  In->  '11  1  >:  i  iej. 
i'  '  -I  ren-i  hen  Nniir  heart  >  and  N  our  ham 


K.AKI.V     SI    1  III  KS.  I  .}'; 

So  tu'alth>  tin-  country  is.  'nuiml. 

Tliat  doctors  ha\e  little  to  d»  ; 
So  moral  the  people  an-  found. 

The\  live  \\  itlioiit  ministri's.  to, i  ; 
So  honot  our  iieiLrhliors  \\  e  call. 

So  peaceful  and  happ>  a!  home. 

The\'\e   Heed  of    no   laW\e!s  at    all. 
A  lid   in  'lie  are  desired   to  ri  line. 

On  the  5th  nl  April,  i^jj.  Noah  Scits.  troin  Fairlicld  •  outr.s.  settled 
upon  the  north  cast  quarter  ni  MM  lion  twent\.  in  what  is  n»w  l!!.i.im 
township.  d'his  was  tlu-  first  settlement  within  its  limits.  Thomas 
Boyd  caiiu1  with  his  si>ter.  Mis.  Marv  1  'onnci.  m  the  spr.n^  oi  the  same 
year,  ami  also  settled  here.  Mr.  Bo\d  was  a  native  ni  I'eniiss  i\  ania. 
much  e>Veme'l  .iimni^  hi->  lUM^hln  >r^. 

In  the  -^aine  \  ear.  Joseph  M<  ('lell.uul  and  |.ime>  l!n\'i  M'ttlerl  upon 
Ilont'V  (reek,  in  Bloom,  ami  \sere  soon  tMllo^ei!  }t\  Al'i'aham  Ka^:,. 
Lowell  l\nli;n-M>n  and  Nehemi.ih  Hadlev.  I'lie  \<  )!ln\\  1114  \e.ir  |nhn 
Soil/,  (leor^e  Tree  and  lacoli  lire;/  lietanic  <  iti/ens  ni  thi>  !"\v;i^h;p. 
Jolin  Seit/  parsed  through  thi^  <  otinty  during  the  late  war,  in  i  i>mp.m\ 
with  twenty  nther^.  with  wa^nn^  loaded  with  elutlr.n^  lur  the  •Mi!du-r> 
at  i-'ort  Stejihen^on.  where  they  arrived  three  week->  alter  the  ii.utlc. 

Harry  IMaekman,  irom    (ieiie>ee   county.  New    \nrk.  settled    here    in 
Bloom,   on    a    tarm    thai    ln'came    alterward>   very    tamiliarl\    kii'iun    a-- 
"Black  man'->  (  'orners."      Alter  residing  here  -,i\'een  \  i  ai  >.  he  reim  >\  eti 
into    I-. deli    town^liip,    \\here    h:s    pLn  e    \\.i^    a_;ain    i  a!!ed    "li'.n  kman'- 
Corner-.'        The  town    that   u  i>    atleruanU    laiil    out    here  ;.\    !>:.    1  inn 
I'  i  slier,  a;  id  --'i:"ve  ved  !u    lames    1  )'ir!i:  n.  m    i  •'••>}    .  i  ai  led    1  ,1  ./a :  >••  '.  ''•.'  •  -',\  n. 
i  alter  the  name  of  the    dm  tor's  wile,   1 '.!  ;/a!  > .•'  h.  who  was  a  da  ;_'.''-r  •  >\ 
l»r.     Bo\er.  ot'  Tittin   .    ne\er   llonrished.  and    .1:    ;':. 
tra<  e  oi    it   1-jit.      A:  one    time  it   had  a  !>!.n  ksml:!i    -!:  <\>.    i  u  a _!>:•»    - 
si  inie   dweil in^s  anil  a  ta\  ern. 

\\'iiiiam  Anwa\.  smm  alter  the  land   sales  a!    I>e!auare.  :n    i  S .-  i .  .  a 
tY<  >in    the    town  oi    Si  i],ii  i,  in  (  'a\  u.:a  i  oiinty.   Ne\\    N'ork.  ,r:d    - 
wliat    no',\    i  onsti lute-,    >i  ;  jiii  i    tou  iish:]  P.        I'li's  town-h   '•  '.\  is         na1:     •; 
at  the  ri'i  pies!  oi    Mr.  A  nu  a\  .       1  I  e  u  a-  I  he  lir-«:  -i  : :  'ei    : 
hood.       Mr.     !  iniothy   I'.   Roli,-rts    <  ame  in    iS.vj.  am! 
trame  dweliin^  house  in  the  <  ounty.  in  wliii  !:  he  fc^;iU:.:i  •  •  :':.•,    tii:-.- 
his  death. 

William    Anwa\    Imilt   a  Io-    house    a!    lh.e    •••  •    w;-.ei.     t!:- 

Tittin  road  and    the     Marion     State    road    >]••  I:, 

where  the  lio-ise  st.  i,  M!  i  s  m  >\\   i  o\  ered    \\  •'  h  a  i  .  •  •  i 

were  planted  there  in  memorv  »!    the  Anwt\    lanr.iv. 


15°  HISTORY    01      SKXKCA    COUNTY. 

Moses  Smith  put  up  a  small  frame  building  across  the  road  from 
Anway's  house,  in  which,  lie  kept  a  store  for  awhile.  Robert  Dutton 
was  the  first  man  that  died  in  the  township,  and  was  buried  on  his  farm, 
which  is  now  owned  by  Frederick  Fox.  William  Pierre,  a  colored 
man,  put  up  and  carried  on  the  first  blacksmith  shop  in  the  township. 
Mary,  daughter  of  John  Anway.  was  the  first  child  that  was  born  in 
the  township.  She  is  the  wife  of  Mr.  John  Wilrox,  of  Republic.  A 
Mr.  Fanglev  was  also  among  the  first  settlers. 

These  names,  with  a  few  others,  made  up  the  white  population  of 
Seneca  county  to  about  the  time  of  tin.1  land  sales. 

This  ('ol.  Kilbourn,  the  surveyor  above  spoken  ot,  was  a  man  about 
five  feet  eight  inches  high:  lie  had  a  nose  somewhat  Roman  shaped. 


and  expressive  countenance.  He  was  a  great  talker,  and  very  inter- 
esting in  conversation.  He  lived  in  Columbus,  where  he  associated 
with  the  best  society,  and  was  highly  esteemed.  He  was  a  great  singer, 
and  often  produced  his  own  poetry,  adapted  to  some  familiar  tune. 
The  widow  ot  one  ot  his  sons  became  the  wife  ol  Mr.  Keber,  a  lawyer 
in  Sanduskv  City.  This  son  was  a  phrenologist  of  some  note,  in 
( 'olumbus. 

Honey  creek  is  the  largest  affluent  of  the  Sanduskv  river  at  its  right 
bank.  It  rises  near  New  Haven,  in  Huron  count}',  in  the  marshes,  and 
near  the  point  where  Richland,  Huron,  Crawford  and  Seneca  counties 
corner.  It  enters  Venice  township  immediatelv  alter  it  leaves  the 
marshes,  and  taking  a  northwesterly  direction  through  Venice,  it  enters 
Bloom  near  its  northeast  <  orner.  Then,  taking  a  westerlv  direction 
through  Bloom,  it  t1<nv>  into  Fdeii  township,  and  making  a  large  curve 
in  Fden.  it  cuts  across  the  southwest  corner  ol  Clinton  and  enters 
Hopewell  in  section  tliirtv-six.  and  there  the  Sanduskv  river  at  the 

s  ->t  ream,  and  to  those 
1  '    beauty  and    scenery,    the 
i1.,    i  he    beautiful  farm  In  >uses. 
' i  >  add  to  (he    c o m f <> r t 
' '    •    aft  r.ii  lion:    but  to    people 
lev.    i  here    is    not  ;  n  all    this 
•       • 

<  ink  of   IF  mcy  <  reek .  abi  >ut 
M  ion    nine.     Bloom     :•  \\\  :i-h  ip. 
•  Mis  spring,  and  in  a  <Kre<  tion 


Kl<    II  \K1>     I  \t.tr  A.  I  ;  I 

very  singular  construction  ami  workmanship.  There  \s.is  m>thin_;  about 
the  works  th.it  would  indicate  the  Iinli.in.  and  tin-  fort  must  ha\e 
belonged  to  a  people  who  prei  edcd  the  Indians,  and  of  whom  the 
Indians  themselves  had  no  knowledge.  The  work  \\.is  <  i>n-tru<  tfd  ol' 
stone,  sonic  ol  which  were  dressed.  The  main  buildings  ucre  in  a 
circular  t'orm.  about  one  hundred  teet  in  diameter.  At  the  side  towards 
Honey  creek  there  was  attached  to  eat  h  ot  these  t  in  ular  walls  a  stone 
appendage  of  about  twehe  tee:  square,  with  an  opening  towards  the 
spring.  'There  was  a  spat  e  ot  about  three  hundred  \  aids  be: ween  these 
circular  walls.  I'.oth  buildings  seemed  to  ha\e  been  alike.  As  Lite  as 
iS'S,  the  walls  \\ere  about  n\c  teet  hi^li.  but  t  rumbling  doun. 

'There  was  IM  >ign  o;  an\  mortar  having  been  Used,  in  the  ere«  tion 
ot'  the  buildings,  and  \et  it  seemed  that  the  stones  had  OIK  e  been  held 
together  b\  some  cement,  troiii  the  manner  in  whi<  h  the\  rested  upon 
eat  li  oilier.  The  stones  had  1  alien  d<>\\  n  on  bo1. h  side-  ot  the  w.ill,  and 
the  piles  on  eat  h  side  were  as  high  as  the  \\all  itself. 


Kit   H  \  Kit     |  AM!    \. 
'The  father  oi    Kit  hard  Ja.  pia  u  as  ,i  citi/en  of  the  state  -it'  ( 'outlet  ticiit. 

Soon  alter  the  re\  ( >lut  ioiiarv  war  the  familv  nio\  ed  into  ('«>luinbia 
county .  i  n  the  state  ot  New  N  ork.  u  here,  on  the  <>th  da\  ot  A[>r:l.  17^7. 
Richard  |.ii|ua  was  born.  Some  time  tlu  reatter  the  tami!\  nio\eil  to 
('anada  \\e>t.  ami  settled  near  I'.roi  k\  ille. 

(  )n  the  nth  da\  ol'  (  )t  tober.  Ki<  hard  Ja-pia  was  married  to  l.ii/abeth 
\\ilsee.  a  young  (\i>!<iJit'>ni,-.  \\heii  the  war  between  I. upland  and  ;he 
I'nited  Mates  broke  out.  l.i'jua  was  the  nwner  ol  t\\o  hundred  .u  res  of 
land,,  and  t  oiisidcrablc  personal  property. 

\\  iien  he  \\  as  drafted  as  a  soldier  to    join   the   Hi :!.-!:  arm\  .  his    \iner 
, t  an    pridt"    \\as    stronger    than    the    Li\\s    ot    ( 'anada.  a: hi    lie    a:    iince 
determined  that    he  would    nut    lake    up    arms    a_t;itst    1    -.    }\.\:.\<-    !.md. 
ami  !  ha!   lie  wt  eald  make  h  ;s  e  ->i  a  pe  ;  o   ; ;  a!   the  lii'si  •  >pp>  -r;'::  ::\.      >m  >n 
alter  '  i;e  d  rait,  and  on  the  List  d.i\    "I    :  lie  \  eai    i  .s  i  _•,  i.  ,  .:hci  s 

i  rosseil  ;  !u    >! .   I  awrem  c.  •diout   foi  i\    miles       -io\\    1\  ;_ 

(  )ne  "'.    '<}.<    .e  othri's  u  i-   ii.s  trie  in!.  1    ".  ,i   Hi  i  I'.Mi,  u  :..  i.    i    .       ...:•,  •  u  aids 

.  .;i  .  :...!,..        ,  .  i     i  • .  . 


152  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

Forsythe  was  in  command.  The  Major  examined  each  man  separately, 
and  being  fully  satisfied  of  the  truth  of  their  statements,  gave  each 
man  a  pass. 

Jaqua  then  went  over  to  his  native  county  of  Columbia,  and  on  the 
}d  day  of  April.  1X13.  started  back  tor  Ogdensburgh.  On  his  way  he 
met  his  friend  Brown  at  Morristown.  New  York.  They  were  both 
experienced  in  the  use  ot  small  boats,  and  intimately  acquainted  with 
the  dangerous  places  in  the  channel  of  the  St.  Lawrence.  Here  they 
came  to  the  conclusion  that  they  would  help  other  deserters  to  get 
over  to  the  American  side,  and  tor  that  purpose  procured  a  craft,  by 
the  means  of  which  they  helped  a  goodly  number  of  the  fugitives  to 
get  across  the  river  to  the  American  side. 

This  sort  of  employment  was  exceedingly  dangerous,  inasmuch  as 
no  crafts  of  any  sort  were  allowed  to  touch  the  Canadian  shore;  yet 
these  friends  followed  up  this  work  during  all  the  summer  and  fall  of 
1813.  The  Canadian  authorities  became  fully  informed  of  these 
operations,  and  sent  a  squad  of  men  to  a  small  island  opposite  Gibway 
Point,  with  instructions  to  capture  both  (aqua  and  Brown  as  they  were 
passing  to  and  fro. 

One  night  (aqua.  Brown.  Patterson,  and  live  others  crossed  over  to 
Gibway  Point  and  secreted  themselves  until  morning.  Patterson 
walked  along  the  beach  to  attract  the  attention  of  the  guard.  Imme- 
diately three  men  were  seen  [tutting  out  from  the  island  in  a  punt-boat, 
and  landing  on  Gibway  Point.«pulled  their  boat  on  shore,  and  then 
made  for  Patterson.  These  men  and  Patterson,  getting  into  sharp 
conversation.  Patterson  receded  trorn  the  British  and  the  shore,  and 
when  they  were  tar  enough  away  to  be  considered  sate.  (aqua.  Brown, 
and  the  other  men,  who  were  secreted  with  them,  jumped  up.  and  with 
cocked  guns  and  the  help  ot  Patterson,  took  the  men  prisoners  and 
handed  them  over  to  a  militia  captain  at  Rawsee.  This  captain 
detailed  a  guard,  consisting  of  Sergeant  \\hipple.  (aqua.  Brown,  and 
several  others,  to  take  the  prisoners  to  Sackett's  Harbor,  which  they  < lid. 

In  the  fall  of  the  same  year.  1X13.  the  American  arm\  .  under  Gen. 
\Vilkrrson.  uas  in  camp  on  the  American  side  ot  the  St.  Lawrence,  a 
short  distance  below  Gravelly  Point.  Gen.  llainhn.  with  his  troops, 
was  al-o  >;ationrd  at  a  point  on  the  same  side  <  ailed  Lrcm  h  Mills. 
Hamlir.  was  very  anxious  to  have  \\ilkersoii.  with  his  men.  join  him, 
ibout.  it  would  require  a  long  and  tedious  man  h  bv 
rk  the  whole  force  in  boats  and  proceed  down  the  St. 


kU  HAkI>     lAc.ifA.  15; 

Hamlin  sent  two  messengers  witli  his  orders  for  NVilkerson,  and  when 
these  arrived  at  Morristown,  where  Jacjua  and  Brown  then  were,  one 
ot  the  messengers  was  taken  sick,  and  became  unable  to  ponced 
further.  'The  other  messenger  employed  |a<|iia  and  Brown  to  take  him 
to  (len.  Wilkerson's  headquarters.  Thev  took  the  punt  boat.  and. 
traveling  by  night  only,  they  reached  (ien.  Wilkcrson's  camp  in  two 
weeks  after  they  lett  Morri.stown.  In  a  tew  days  thereafter.  Brown  and 
laqua  were  engaged  by  (Ien.  \\iiker-oii  to  pilot  him  and  his  forces 
down  the  river  to  (Ien.  Hamlin,  through  the  'Thousand  Isles.  lacpia 
and  Brown,  with  their  punt-boat  and  a  (lag.  took  the  lead,  and  the 
fleet,  with  (Ien.  \Vilkerson  and  his  forces,  passed  s.ilely  through  the 
'Thousand  Isles,  and  reached  a  point  about  lour  miles  above  Tort 
I'resc  ott.  called  Hog  1'oint.  where  they  landed.  Here  the  army 
remained  a  tew  days,  and  then  crossed  the  river  into  ('anada.  Tor 
about  four  weeks  thereafter.  |a<pia  and  Brown  were  <  oiistantly  busy 
piloting  parties  down  the  river.  Tor  tear  of  trouble  troin  the  ('anadian 
authorities,  Mr.  (aqua  kept  his  name,  and  the  tact  that  he  wa-  dratted 
in  Canada,  a  profound  secret  during  all  the  time  he  wa- a--o(  iated  \\ith 
the  movements  ot  the  American  troops  along  the  St.  l.awrence. 

On  the  lath  day  ot  May.  iSi.i.  Mr.  Jaijtia  enrolled  hi-  name  a-  a 
private  in  a  <  ompany  ot  minute  men  under  ('apt.  T'.lli-.  at  1  lotindsfield. 
about  five  mile-  above  Sacketf-  Harbor.  I>ur:nglns  service  in  that 
company,  one  Wol-ev  was  in  charge  of  a  tied  oi  -mall  boat-  loaded 
with  store-  belonging  to  tin-  I  mled  State-,  and  vessels  then  : n  pro,  ess 
of  construction.  When  the  cmnpanv  arrived  at  a  point  ott  B;_:  Sandv 
creek,  near  Sackett's  Harbor,  thev  were  not;,  id  bv  the  British  ileet. 
and  Wolsev  .  to  save  his  tleet.  ran  it  into  the  month  ot  Bi^  Sandv.  The 
bar  at  the  m  out  h  o!  the  (reek  prevented  the  Bn !  ish  v  es-el-  jroni 
in.  'Thereuj'on  th"  British  immedial 
followed  \\'ol-ey.  'The  alarm  was 
arri  v  ed  v  erv  -<  ><  >n  at  the  -<  ene,  am 
thereon  duty,  gave  the  Briti-h  battle.  Af 
time,  the  British  retreated,  leaving  ninetv  six  of  the 
field.  Mr.  |a<jua  -m  c  ceded  in  hav  :ng  In-  tain;!  v  bi  < 
fall  of  i,S  i  },  and  now  joined  them.  In  i  x  i  ^  he  w  .is 
timber  and  lumber  to  Sa<  keti's  Harbor,  \\liep- 
vessels  u  ere  being  built. 

He    moved   to  the  we  -tern    part   o!    tb.e    -tate  oi    V 
lived  six  years,    tnd  then    moved  to  this    countv,  in    i.s.'j,  an 
Kden    township,  where  he  lived  to  the    time 
Brown  had  pro  eded  li;m  as  a  pioneer  f.i  th;-  c  nunly. 


154  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

Colonel  Jaqua,  as  he  was  familiarly  called,  received  neither  com- 
pensation nor  pension  from  the  government  for  all  his  valuable  services, 
until  1872.  His  property  in  Canada  was  all  confiscated  by  the  British 
authorities.  t'pon  his  petition  to  Congress,  the  Hon.  C.  Foster 
representing  this  district  in  Washington,  Congress  generously  acknowl- 
edged and  recogni/ed  Mr.  Jaqua's  merits,  and  granted  him  a  pension, 
by  special  act.  that  tended  very  materially  to  gladden  the  few  remaining 
years  of  the  Colonel's  life. 

Col.  Jaqua  was  a  little  more  than  six  feet  high,  and  well  proportioned. 
He  was  blessed  with  an  iron  constitution,  and  great  force  of  character. 
In  his  boyhood  days  his  chances  for  education  were  not  very  good: 
but  whatever  he  lacked  in  book-learning,  he  made  up  by  his  sound 
sense  and  clear  judgment.  In  stature  and  persona]  appearance,  in 
his  movements  and  tone  of  voice,  he  resembled  fosiah  Hedges,  the 
proprietor  of  Tiffin,  very  much.  He  had  a  noble  bearing,  an  open, 
frank,  but  sincere  countenance:  heavy  lower  jaw,  clenched  lips,  dark 
eyes,  nose  not  very  large  and  a  little  of  the  Roman  shape,  and  a  fine 
forehead.  His  very  looks  would  say:  "I'll  do  as  I  agree,  sir."  lie 
took  a  very  active  part  in  public  affairs  in  Seneca  county,  and  contrib- 
uted largely  to  the  development  of  her  resources,  having  lived  here 
more  than  half  a  century.  He  was  social  in  his  nature,  hospitable, 
generous,  kind.  He  was  a  good  neighbor,  a  good  citi/en,  a  good 
husband  and  father,  and.  above  all.  an  honest  man.  He  died,  without 
a  struggle,  in  peace  with  Cod  and  mankind,  on  the  j6th  of  September, 
1878,  aged  ninety-one  years,  five  months  and  seventeen  days.  His 
wife  had  preceded  him  to  the  other  world  on  the  ;th  of  May,  1877. 
aged  eighty  six  yeUrs,  seven  months  and  tour  days.  This  venerable 
couple  lived  in  h;qipy  wedlock  nearly  seventy  years — more  than  two 
generations  of  time.  The  Colonel  was  buried  with  the  plain,  but 
impressive  ritual  of  Ma>onrv.  having  been  an  honored  member  of  the 
order  during  the  greater  part  ot  his  lite.  Rfyuit'scc  in  pace. 


CHAPTER    X. 


FIRST  MERIDIAN-BASE  LINE  TO  WNSH  I  PS  -  RANG  ES  SECTIONS  QUARTER 
SECTIONS  GENERAL  SURVEY  ORGANIZATION  OF  SENECA  COUNTY  THE 
OLD  COURT  HOUSE  HOLDING  TH  E  FIRST  COURT  FI  RST  ELECTION  FIRST 
MEETING  -OF  THE  BOARD  OF  COUNTY  COMMISSIONERS  APPOINTMENT 
OF  FIRST  TREASURER  COLLECTOR  OF  TAXES  SURVEYOR  PROSECUTING 
ATTORNEY  ORGANIZATION  OF  BLOOM,  SCIPIO.  CLINTON.  HOPEWELL, 
SENECA  AND  ADAMS  TOWNSHIPS  BUILDING  THE  FIRST  JAIL  RUDOLPHUS 
DICKINSON  REED  TOWNSHIP  SALE  OF  THE  RESERVATIONS. 


1  II  I  1  •'.  KT<  ).  the  cabins  of  the  early  settlers  were  near  the  forts 
of  Seneca  and  Hall,  with  a  tew  scattered  almiur  Koi  kv  <  reek, 
Honey  «  reek.  Silver  creek  and  in  Thompson.  The  "  Illai  k  Swamp'1 
commenced  immediately  west  ot  the  river:  in  ta<  t.  the  Sandtisky  river 
was  the  eastern  boundary  ol  the  lllack  Swamp. 

These  settlers  were  mere  squatters.  They  <  oiild  buy  nol.ind.be 
cause  there  was  none  in  market.  < 'utsule  ot  the  Indi.in  reservation. 
the  title  to  all  the  territory  was  in  the  I'nited  States;  and  this  //,-;•,• 
piif't'/'iiitt'  could  not  be  ottered  tor  sale  until  alter  a  siir\ey  thercot  was 
made  and  reported,  in  order  to  enable  the  ^o\  eminent  to  make  proper 
<lesi  ript  ions  of  tracts,  designating  ca<  h  in  su<  h  man  tier  and  \\  ith  sin  h 
certainty  as  to  avoid,  il  possible,  all  cotunnersy  .is  to  boundary  lines. 
eh  . 

l)ur;n_!  all  this  time  the    squatters    explored    and    prospei  ted,  making 
selection-,  ot    loi  alities  a!   or  near    \\hic  h    the\    intended  to  b'i\.  as  snon 
a>  the  lands  \\  ere  <  iffcre<  1  ! "or  sale.      The\   built   their  lint  s  \\  here\  er  ttiey 
pleased:    fished  and  hunted.      Some  made  small  opening  to  raisi- vi-^e 
tabi(  s,  tak:nL,r  their  <  ham  <•-,  tor  the  improvements  tailing;   :nto  the  hands 
ot    somebody    else:     others    that    i:\rd    near    am    ot    ;!:e-('    re-n  \  at ..  uis. 
I'arnied  the  lands  ot'  s,,me  ot  the   Imiiaiis  on  share-         I  '.  us  •!;,       ,u. liters 
u<  re  emp;o\i-il  mak;tij  thetiiseb.es    >  oinlortaba'.    :a:-  '  ^   <<•>  k    ind  _;et 
t  inj  r<   idv  '"  open  '  irnis  :,  (|-  theiiiseU  e-. 


156  HISTORY    OF    SENECA    COUNTY. 

measuring  ranges  of  five  miles  each.  At  the  end  of  the  twenty-fourth 
range  he  reached  the  southwest  corner  of  the  Connecticut  reserve, 
which  is  now  also  the  southwest  corner  of  Huron  county.  From  this 
point  a  line  was  drawn  north  to  the  lake,  and  parallel  with  the  west  line 
of  Pennsylvania,  which  formed  the  western  boundary  of  the  Western 
Reserve.  So  that  all  the  territory  north  of  this  parallel  to  the  lake, 
and  all  east  of  this  north  line  to  the  state  of  Pennsylvania,  constitutes 
the  Western  Reserve;  sometimes  called  the  "Connecticut  Reserve,"  and 
sometimes  "the  Fire  Lands."  These  lands  were  reserved  by  Connecti- 
cut for  the  purpose  of  paying  with  them  debts  the  colony  owed  to 
revolutionary  soldiers,  to  people  who  had  their  property  burnt  or 
otherwise  destroyed  by  the  British  army,  etc..  war  debts  generally. 

Let  us  remember  now.  that  this  parallel  of  forty-one  degress  north 
latitude  is  the  southern  boundary,  and  the  Iwse  line  of  the  Western 
Reserve  :  that  the  ranges  on  that  line  are  five  miles  ;  that  there  are 
twenty-four  ranges  in  all  ;  and  that  the  townships  on  the  Western  Re- 
serve are  five  miles  square. 

Soon  after  the  treaty  of  the  Miami  of  the  Lake,  already  mentioned, 
the  general  government  ordered  all  the  lands  thereby  secured  to  be 
surveyed.  This  was  then  "the  new  purchase." 

Mr.  Sylvanus  Bourne,  under  instructions  from  the  general  land  office 
of  the  I'nited  States,  started  a  survey  from  the  east  line  of  the  state  of 
Indiana  on  the  forty  first  parallel  N.  L.  This  state  line,  which  of 
course  is  also  the  west  line  of  Ohio,  he  called  the  first  meridian. 
Running  his  line  on  this  parallel  east,  he  planted  a  stake  where  the  end 
of  the  sixth  mile  wa-  reached.  This  made  one  range,  and  the  first 
range  in  his  survey.  The  end  ot  the  seventeenth  range  brought  him 
within  fifty-two  chains  anil  seven  links  of  the  southwest  corner  of  the 
Western  Reserve.  A  line  drawn  due  north,  by  his  compass,  cut  the 
west  line  of  the  \\cstern  Reserve  exactly  at  the  northeast  corner  of 
Seneca  county.  There  is  therelore  a  strip  oi  land  lying  all  along  and 
east  of  tlie  seventeenth  range,  that  is  not  in  any  range.  ^,2.07  long  on 
the  south  end.  running  to  a  point  just  eighteen  miles  north.  This  tract 
i^  (ailed  "the  gore."  The  ranges  in  the  new  pun  hase  are  six  miles 
wide — i;x''  -  icj.  The  r,inge->  on  the  Western  Reserve  being  live  miles 
wide  -24\^  12',:  loj  plus  i  jo  222.  Theretore  the  distance  trom 
the  state  line  of  Pennsylvania  to  the  state  line  oi  Indiana  is  two  hund 
red  and  ;w-  nt\  iwn  miles  and  this  gore  ^2.c~. 

From  the-e  -i\  mile  posts,  lines  were  drawn  due  north,  to  the  north  line 
of  (  ihio  and  to  Lake  Lrie.  and  south  to  the  Virginia  military  land  dis- 
tri'  ts.  This  line  thus  drawn  along  the  forty  first  parallel  north  latitude, 


I'.AKI  Y     si    K\  I  VS.  157 

being  tin-  base  of  operation  tor  all  future  surveys,  is  <  ailed  the  /'.;<v 
line.  The  territory  between  these  si\  mile  posts  is  called  a  range,  ami 
runs  north  and  south  from  the  base  line,  as  at>o\e  indicated. 

Parallel  with  this  base  line,  and  six  miles  distant  therefrom,  other 
lines  were  surve\ed.  starting  from  this  meridian  north  and  south  of  the 
base  line,  and  running  east  until  other  surveys  were  met.  The  north 
and  south  lines,  or  range  lines,  thus  cut  at  right  angles  by  the  east  and 
west  tines,  or  township  lines,  formed  trai  ts  of  territory,  each  six  miles 
square,  (ailed  townships.  Kach  additional  east  and  west,  six  mile  line, 
from  the  base  line,  adds  another  township  to  the  number.  The  town 
ships,  therefore,  are  numbered  from  the  base  line  north  and  south;  and 
townships  une  north  or  south  means  all  the  townships  along  the  entire 
length  ot  the  base  line,  having  the  base  line  for  the  northern  or  south 
ern  boundary.  The  next  townships  north  or  south  arc  numbered  two. 
and  so  on.  until  Michigan  or  lake  Krie  on  the  north,  or  some  other 
survey  on  the  south  is  reached. 

In  describing  a  piece  of  land,  therefore,  we  say,  tor  example.  "Town 
ship  two  i  >  i  north,  range    fifteen  •  i  *>  east";    because  this  is  tin-  second 
township  north  <>|  the  base  line,  lying  north  and  ;n  range  iittcen.  <  ount 
ing  the  ranges  irom  the  meridian  as  above. 

A  Mr.  llolnu-s  assisted  Mr.  I'xmrne  in  the  survci  of  the  range  and 
tou  iiship  lines. 

I' our  gentlemen  were  appo;  nu-d  b\    the  (  'o  nun  issj  oner  oi    the  general 
land  oiti,  e.  to  siirve\   and  sub  d:\ide  Senna  county  into  se<  :ions.  ,  >'i.ir 
ter  and  halt' quarter  sections.      They  were   I.  (il.isgow.  I'm  e   1  .  Kellogg. 
Jamc>    1'.   \Vorthingtonand  Sxlvanus   iloiirne. 

Seneca  i  mint  \  has  live  range-,,  fri  mi  ;he  t  hi  rteenth  to  the  -e\  enteentli, 
bo!  h  mi  lusi\  e.  and  l  lire  e  townships  no  nh  one,  t\\  o  and  three.  I  here 
are  the  ret  ore  fifteen  townships  in  the  •  ount\ ,  the  S.mdusk.\  r:\er  ,  utt  in^ 
it  trom  the  south  to  the  nonli  into  two  parts  nearlv  equal  .  and  the 
<  oiuitv  seat  be;n_;  near  the  center  of  the  ,  oiint\,  makes  Senei  a  •  ountv 
almost  uiiequalied  in  shape  and  !>eaut\  b\  an\  .ither  io:int\  .n  t!ie 
state. 

M  i .(,.,!  .jo\\-    siir\ 
Spr:;;..    1  .,-i.lori  and 

Mi.  '\Vo          uton 
vi/:  ,,  ,  ...    llopru 

:     I. den.  <  ",:;'o'i    i 


1^8  HISTORY     OF    SKN'KCA    mt'NTY. 

named  are  the  same  as  they  arc  no\v  known,  and  not  as  established 
from  time  to  time  by  county  commissioners.  The  ideographical  lines 
ot  the  tmvnships  were  established  bv  these  surveys.  It  is  also  to  be 
understood  that  the  Indian  reservations  were  not  included  in  these 
surveys. 

Kach  township  being  six  miles  square,  makes  just  thirty  -six  sections. 
each  one  mile  square,  and  containing  six  hundred  and  forty  acres 
each.  The  sections  are  numbered  by  commencing  at  the  northeast 
cornei-  of  the  township:  running  west,  brings  section  six  into  the  north- 
west corner:  the  next  section  south  of  this  is  section  seven,  and  running 
east,  brings  section  twelve  immediately  south  of  section  one;  then 
calling  the  section  south  oi  twelve  number  thirteen,  running  west  and 
so  on.  brings  section  thirty-one  into  the  southwest  corner,  and  section 
thirty-six  into  the  southeast  corner  of  the  township. 

The  sections  were  again  sub-divided  into  quarters  and  halt  quarters. 
with  lines  at  right  angles,  making  it  very  easy  to  describe  the  quarter 
of  a  quarter. 

It  is  scarcely  possible  to  conceive  ot  a  plan  tor  the  description  ot 
land  for  the  purposes  ot  purchase,  sale  or  taxation,  more  beautiful, 
eorahicall,  or  tor  business  more  convenient. 


to. 

We  must  also  remember  that  in  all  these  surveys,  the  Sandusky  river 
having  been,  by  act  of  Congress,  declared  a  navigable  stream,  is  not 
included.  The  surveys  run  only  to  low  water  mark  ot  the  stream,  and 
therefore  necessarily  and  unavoidably  create  many  fractional  sections. 
These  surveyors  finished  their  work  in  iSjo. 

There  were  thm.  also,  several  other  Indian    reservations,  aside   from 
the  Seiiei  a    reservation,  vi/:    The    Armstrong   reservation:    the    M<('nl 
h><  h  reser\  ation  ;    the  Van   Meter  reservation;    the  Walker    reservations. 
and  a  re-  i  >l    about  twelve  square  miles  01  etipy  ing  the  southwest 

e  \\  yandots.  'I  hese  reserves 
sale  umil  alter  the  last  Indian 
Clin-tinas  surveyed  them  all. 
ught  into  market  also. 

hou   the 


districts-  tin-  Delaware  and  the  I'i'pi.i  land  district-*,  by  a  line  dtaun 
north  and  south  through  and  near  the  t  enter  of  the  new  pun  h.ise. 
This  placed  Seneca  county  in  the  1  >ela\vare  land  distrii  t. 

On  the  ;d  day  ot'  August.  iS.-i.the  land>  in  the  Delaware  land 
district  north  ot  the  base  line,  were  liiM  ottered  tor  sale  at  Delaware  at 
a  minimum  price  ot  one  dollar  and  twenty  ii\e  <  cnts  per  a<  re.  I.ar^e 
quantities  ot  land  in  this  <  oiinty  were  purchased  at  these  first  sales, 
but  very  litile  ot  it  abo\e  the  minimum  pri<  e. 

ISelorc  the  subject  is  dismissed,  it  may  be  well  to  state  anotlier  tail 
in  connection  with  these  surveys,  that  should  be  generally  understood: 
"The  boundaries  ot  the  general  simcys  can  not  be  (  handed." 

Congress,  as  early  as  the  vear  iNc;.  laid  down  icrtain  general  prin 
oiples  in  regard  to  the  un<  han^eablene-s  ot  the  lines  and  <  orncr> 
established  by  LM>\  eminent  siir*c\"[s,  \\hi(h  have  been  <  ontinuecl 
oper.itis  e  down  to  the  present  time,  and  are  still  in  lull  tone.  These 
principles  are  contained  in  the  second  section  ot'  an  a<  t  entitled  "An 
a<  t  concerning  the  mode  ot  snrve\in_;  the  public  lands  ot'  the  t  nited 
States."  approved  I'cbruar\  11.  iSo^.  and  are  as  follows,  to-wit: 

1st.  All  the  corners  i narked  in  the  surveys  returned  by  Stir\  e\  or-<  icnerals. 
sliall  lie  estalilished  as  the  proper  corners  of  sections  or  siih-di\  isions  of 
sections  \\hieh  they  \\ereintended  t<>  designate:  and  tin-  ciMiiers  of  half 
and  ijiiarter  sections,  not  marked  on  said  siir\e\s.  shall  In-  placed  as  nearl\ 
as  possible.  fi|iiall\  ilistant  from  those  t\\o  corners  \\  hich  stand  mi  the  sai in- 
line. 

The  Hoiindarx  I  .ines  act  ually  run  and  marked  in  the  siirve\  s  returned  b) 
the  Sur\i'\ o]--(  icneral.  shall  lie  estalilished  as  the  proper  lioundarv  lines  of 

the  sections  or  sllli-ili  visions  for  \\hiell    the\     \\ere    intended  ;    and   the  length 

of  such  lines  as  returned  1>\  the  Survey or-(  ieneral  aforesaid,  shall  In-  held 
and  considered  as  the  true  length  thereof. 

l''.\perieni  e    has    demonstrated    the    uisdom    ot    this    eiKiciment.       N-> 
las\'    e\  er    passed     bv    ('undress    ha--    lontributed    so    mt; i  ii    to    j'rexent 
disputes  in  regard  to  boundaries     it    the  p',i!il;<    l.im'.s.      (  o    - 
ex  ten  I     ot    the    t  err  it  or  \     over     which     the     pn'o'ii      si;:\(\,  ci-n 

extent  led.  cmbrai  inu   \\  hole  states.   ;io\\    thic  k';\'   sett  h  d  \\  .''::  ivj  .  and 

a  1 1  c  i  t  i  n  4  ;  1 1 1 '  •  r  e  s  t  s  u  i  \  o  1  \  :  n  ^  m .  i  n  \  t !  i  o  u  s  a  n  d  s  ( 1 1  . : .  < '  i .  i ;  -- . .  .  i  .  •  • 
L;  row  MIL;  '''it  ot    disputed  boundaries,  arc  --'irpr;---: ;:.. ',  \    i.iii  .      "^->    :       i  ot 
l\  c  (  i ,  i ;  i  _  ' ; '. .  i  r  >  •  i  r  \  e  \  ;  n  _; . "  i  <  \    I .    II.    I  I  a  \\  - .  p .    i  i  •  .• 

A  !  I !  i  o  :  _•  1 .  t ! ;  i  ~  i  i  \\    i  1 1 .  i  \    :  i ;   •-  - ' :  1 1 1  •  .  •  i  . '  i  •  i  c  •-  \\  •  c  •  •  :  •  >    •*'.::  :<\ 


l()0  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

Whenever,  therefore,  questions  should  arise  as  to  the  correct  corners 
and  lines  of  lands,  with  this  knowledge  of  the  law  before  us.  and  proper 
examination  of  the  field  notes,  where  the  same  are  established,  great 
annoyance,  heartaches  and  money  may  be  saved. 

If  any  of  the  old  land-marks  of  early  life  in  Seneca  county  shall  he 
omitted  or  overlooked  in  this  book,  it  will  not  be  because  the  writer 
has  not  been  sufficiently  industrious  in  his  efforts  to  look  them  up  for 
record.  Indeed,  sometimes  I  fear  that  my  persistent  inquiries  about 
atlairs  of  former  days  among  my  old  pioneer  friends,  have  been  bur- 
densome to  many  of  them,  and  I  have  no  other  apology  to  offer  but 
my  earnest  purpose  to  preserve,  for  the  use  of  their  children,  a  full 
and  faithful  record  of  Seneca  county's  past. 

Very  many  people  in  Seneca  county  perhaps  never  knew,  and  others 
have  forgotten,  the  fact  that  there  was  an  Indian  reservation,  containing 
about  twelve  square  miles,  belonging  to  the  Wyandots,  in  the  southwest 
corner  of  Big  Spring  township.  This  reservation,  and  another  piece 
of  the  same  lying  south  of  the  same  and  adjoining  it,  was  procured  by 
the  I'nited  States  and  brought  into  market  with  the  Seneca  reservation, 
long  before  the  U'yandots  sold  their  large  reservation  to  the  general 
government.  (See  chap.  III.) 

To  preserve  the  time  of  the  sales  of  these  reservations  in  Seneca 
count}',  'he  proclamation  of  (ien.  lackson,  then  President  ot  the 
I'nited  States.  is  here  added,  because  the  fact  itself,  as  well  as  the  time, 
are  both  important  and  historic.  And  it  is  also  to  be  remembered, 
that  these  sales  took  place  some  ten  years  alter  the  land  sales  spoken 
ol  in  a  tormer  <  hapter. 

Mr.  (leorge  \V.  (list,  a  very  able  surveyor,  had  located  in  Tiffin  a 
short  time  before  these  Indian  lands  came  into  market,  and  to  enable 
the  purchasers  of  these  lands  to  make  the  proper  selections,  published 
a  notice  in  the  Si->i,-,-,i  I\itri,>t.  the  only  newspaper  then  published  in 
the  count  v.  ''and  of  which  further  notice  will  be  taken  hereafter)  in 
the^e  words: 

LAND   ITHCII  ASKKS.   LOOK    IIKKK: 


Tin-  sulisenher  has  n||  hand  ;1  <|iiaiitit\  <>|'  plats,  ami  descriptions  nf  the 
sfi-tiniis  ami  Ihie-.  nf  the  Seneca  ami  Bi.ur  Spring  reser\  at  i"iis.  I'»TSI>HS 
U''im_:  'MI  either  n|'  the  --aid  reserves,  \\ill  liml  them  <>t'  iiim-h  advantage. 
'I'll'  •>  a;v  maile  t'rnin  the  original  Held  m>tf>  <>i'  ( '.  \V .  Christinas.  Ksi|.. 
District  Mir\r\n|-.  (.1  n.  \\  .  (Ji-r.  Surveyor. 


I'Kh  -I  HI  N  I      |AlKsi>\  s     I'KiiCI.  \M  \  I  IM.N        I    \M-    -  \  !  I  >.  id  I 

MY   Till-:   I'KKSlhKNT  (>\-     I'll  I!   I    MTKI>  -TATI>. 

In  pursuance  of  l;i\\  .  I  Andrew  .lackson.  I 'i  esid.-nt  of  tin-  I  nited  •"•lilt*"- 
"I  A  im-rica.  di>  lierel>\  declare  ami  make  km>un.tha!  puMic  sales  w  ill  !>«• 
In-Ill  at  tin-  I. ami  (  Mt'n-r  "I  1'i.pia  ami  l'>iic\  \  us.  in  tin-  >/.i'-  ,,<  < ;/,,,..  at  the 
period  I  n- 1  riii  designated,  t'n  i'  tin- disposal  of  certain  lands  ln-iTt.it  mi-  ies.-r\  ed 
tor  tin-  l.i-iidil  .it  certain  triU-s  of  Indians  in  said  Slab-,  ami  \\lnch  ha\e 
IH-CII  li\  tin-in  i  diminished  and  surrendered  unto  tin-  I  nited  States.  t«i-\\it  : 

A  I  tin-  Land  (  Mticr  at  l'ii|iia.  mi  t  In-  fmirtli  Mninlas  in  I  irci-mlu-i n«-\t .  \»r 
tin-  salt-  nt  tin-  late  Sliau  in-c  rot-rs  at  imi  mi  HnLr  <  'n-i-k.  ->ituatt-  in  t'i\\  n>lii|>s 
th fee  ami  t'mir.  smith  nl'  ratine  ^i\.  caM  .  containing1  twciitv  -live  sijitarr  niilt-s  : 
also  tor  tin-  >alt-  ol'  tin-  late  Shau  m-e  re«.er\  at  imi  at  \\  a  poet  ikon  net  ta,  situate 
in  tou  nsliips  I'mij-.  Ii\e  ami  six.  smith  of  ranges  ti\e.>i\  ami  --e\en.ea^t. 
(•ontainiiiLr  one  humlieil  ami  t\\ent>  iipiare  niile>;  also  I'm  th"-  ^ale  of  the 
late  Seneca  ami  Shaum-e  n--,er\  at  imi  at  I.e\vist<>\vn.  situate  in  to\\  n  ships  ^i.\ 
ami  se\en.  ^outli  of  ranure  se\en  ami  ei^lit.  eaM.  ami  in  township  ->e\en. 
smith,  ran^e  nine.  east,  cmitaininu  si\t\-t\\o  square  miles. 

At  tin-  I. ami  Otliee  in  l!iic\rns.  mi  the  secoml  Mmnla>  in  1  >eceiiilier  m-\t. 
tm'  the  sale  of  the  late  \V\amlot  reservation  at  the  \\\^  >prnm.  sit nate  in 
loun^hip^  i-iie.  north,  ami  mie.  smith,  of  ranges  t \\i-l\e  ami  thirteen.  eaM. 
«-mitaininL,r  !  \\  dit  \ -li\  e  square  miles;  aUo  fur  the  sale  of  the  late  Seneca 
re-M-r\  at  ion  mi  tin-  >amln^k\  l\i\  er.  sit  nate  in  to\\  nshi|i->  I  u  o.  three  ami  four. 
north  oi  ranges  lifteen  ami  sixteen,  containinii  foi-t\  thmisaml  acj-"s. 

The  lamU  re>e|-\ci|  li\    la\\    for  the    n>e   ol'  ^i-hooK.  ni   for  other  purposes. 

\\  i  11   lie  excl  l|i|ei|    f l'i  Mil   sale. 

The  sales  u  ill  In-  kepi  open  |or  a  peri  ml  not  exceed  MIL;  l  u  o  u  eeks.  ami  m> 
ion-'i-r  than  -essarv  to  oil  er  the  \\  hole  of  the  lands. 

<  ii\  en  nmler  in)  haml  at  tin-  t'it\  of  Washington  this  thirteenth  ila)  of 
N'o\  enilier.  A  .  1  >.  I  S:;L!. 

A.\i>i;i:\\  .IACKS<  »\. 

I!)    the    President. 

I  J.i  i  A  u   1 1  \  'i  \\  \  I:D.  ( 'oinmi.ssimier  of  the  ( ii-m-ral  1  .and  t  Ulice. 

These  sales  took  jilace  ci^ht   \ears  .iinl  nine  months  alter  the  or-. in; 
.'  at  ion  i  it    Senci  a    county. 

A.  M.  Strwart,  who  published  the  atlas  of  Sem-i  a  <nnnt\  sonic  si\ 
\ears  aL;o.  took  Mr.  Hut tcriicld's  histor\  tor  data:  ami  speaking  of 
earl\  roads,  i  ojiii-s  tin-  stor\  of  the  1'cll  road.  I'he\  s.iv  that  "(irn. 
Hell,  from  \\oostcr.sur\c\cdaidad  in  iSij.  \\huh  took  his  name/' 
There  is  no  iraie  tit  an\  siirvc\  of  Hell's  road  to  be  found  ainuhen-. 
and  ail  there  u  as  i  it  it.  is  this: 

('•en.  I'.eil  was  ordered  b\  (irn.  I  I  arri^on  to  jm  k  out  in  it  sur\  r\  a 
suitable  trai  k  tor  a  road  on  the  west  bank  ot  the  Sand-|sk\  ii\cr.  to 
I.ovsei'  >andiiisk\  irom  I  ppci  Sandiiskv.  o\er  ulr.cl;  miHarv  storrs, 
troops  and  pr  >\  isions  i  ould  be  i  arrieil  (.<•::  I'.  '  and  his  men 
followed  di  -MJ  '  :.e  lett  bank  oi  the  r  \  •  i  •  m  'he  ;._';.  -.!  .; ro- 1 ni !.  without 
p a  \  i  n  4  a  n  \  i ' '  e  n  • .  o  i  \  ; , .  i  o  u  r  -- ( •  ,..•,-.;,-  \  i :  i  t- .  t  • . .  M  :  \  1 1  e  k  e  r  ! ! ;  <  •  v 

speak    ,,l.  v.    ::.    !;i>    !:,cn.  .  §   and    ,  .i:- 


102  HISTORY    OF    SI.M-X'A    COl'NTY. 

was  other  obstructions,  and  bla/ed  the  trees  as  they  worked  along.  ThU 
the  surveying  they  did  on  this  road.  A  similar  road  was  opened  along 
and  near  the  right  bank  of  the  riser,  leading  from  Delaware  to  Lower 
Sandusks.  These  arms-  roads  answered  all  practical  purposes  tor 
se\'eral  years:  first  for  military  nioYements.  and  then  for  emigrants  and 
settlers.  Nor  i>  it  true  that  Mr.  Risdon  afterwards  surveyed  these 
army  roads  into  state  roads:  but  Mr.  Risdon  did  survey  a  state  road 
from  I'pper  Sandusky  to  Lower  Sandusky.  in  iS^i.  without  paying  any 
attention  to  any  army  road.  His  survey  ran  as  nearly  straight  as 
possible,  and  scarcely  ever  touched  the  army  road. 

In  iS^o.  Israel  Harrington  surveyed  the  Morrison  state  road,  still 
known  by  that  name,  leading  from  ( 'roghans\  ille  <  Lremont  )  to  Delaware. 
'riii>  was  the  first  road  surveyed  and  opened  in  Seneca  county,  east  ot 
the  river,  while  the  road  surveyed  bs  Risdon  was  the  first  one  \ve>t  ot 
the  ris  er — both  state  roads.  The  Morrison  road  wa-,  named  alter  one 
of  the  commissioners,  who  located  the  road. 

Colonel  lames  Kilbourn.  a  pioneer  surveyor,  already  introduced, 
surveyed  a  road  leading  from  Portland,  i  now  Sandusky  C'ityj  to  I'pper 
Sandu>kv.  to  which  lie  gave  his  own  name,  in  1X22.  It  is  said  that 
Thoma>  llaker  and  L/ra  P.rosvn.  two  distinguished  pioneers,  both  from 
the  state  of  New  York,  were  the  first  settler-,  in  Seneca  county  who 
came  on  that  road. 

A  historv  of  the  survex  ing  and  opening  of  the  principal  roads  ol 
the  counts'  might  be  made  interesting  enough  to  >ome  people,  but  would 
not  warrant  the  spare  it  would  necessarily  require. 

'1  he  legislature  divided  tin-  new  purchase  into  toiirteen  i  ountie^.  b\ 
an  act  pa^ed  on  tin:  iJth  day  of  I-'ebruary.  iXjo.  (  »f  these,  Seneca 
counts  wa-.  the  ninth  in  the  order  named  in  the  art.  It  wa--  to  consist 
ot  toss'iiships.  one.  two  and  three,  north  ot  range--  thirteen  to  seventeen. 
both  inclusive,  and  to  remain  a  part  ol  Sand'isky  counts,  until  organi/ed 
into  a  counts'  with  municipal  posver-*.  bv  a  tuturr  act  ot  the  legislature. 

I  he  <  ommi-i>ioncr>  ot  Sanduskv  counts'  organi/ed  tour  townships  in 
th;-  roiin'y,  Irom  time  to  time,  outside  ot  the  reservation^,  as  lollosv-,: 

Ihnmp-"n  \\-a-,  organi/ed  on  the  Js'th  day  of  \pril.  i.Sjo.  with  the 
I'  /iloss  ing  In  >un<  laries.  vi/  : 

P>fg:nuing  at  the  northeast  dirtier  of  the  Seneca  reservation,  in 
Sai.ii  .  i  untv.  running  thence  north  to  tlu-  i  then  >  present  trailed 
ro/.ii  i  ,  .  an-s  ille  to  Strong'-,  settlement,  inot  vers  definite  : 

th":  ii-  '     '..  ill  inter-ei  t  the  fire  lamU:    them  e  -oiiih  \\:'h  said 

l:n     '      '  ':.  ••:    theni  e  vvi  •>;  aloni;  said  lim-  until  a  i'!1''  ':•'.<•  i.Mrth 

ss  '.','.  i,it  e    oi'  1 1;-  'inn  in  •         'I  hi>    t'-rrir  .;       in  -<  d     i  in 


present  townships  of  Tin  mips.  m.  Keed.  Venn  c,  anil  iwo  and  one  half 
sei  lions  alon^  the  east  sides  ot  Kin.  mi.  ><  ipio  .nul  Adam-.  .m>!  a  pait 
nt  Sandiiskv  ct  unity. 

<  >n    the    Sth    il.iy    <  it    Ma\.    iSjj.    the    s.i;«i    <  <  mimi-si,  >ner-    or-ain/ed 
Seneca    township,  whii  h    was    the    se<  ond    township  in  the    <  omity,  ami 
iin  hided  all  the  balam  e  of  the  <  ounty  n»t  enibr.u  ed  in  :he  !ni:iml.irii--> 
<>\    Thi  mipsi  in  ;    M>  thai  t\vu  t>  >\v:i-,hip>  i  mitained  the  \\li.il,-  ,  o'inty. 

<  Mi  the  tir^t   Monday  in   lune.  iS_>o.  the  -~aid  eoinnii'»ioner->  or^a:ii/cil 
('linton  to\vii-hip.  fixniu  the  Itotnidaries  a>  no»\   e>taMi>hed.  e\<  ep1  thai 
part  \ve^t  i  >t'  the  r:\  er.  \'i/  : 

Coinniein  in-  where  the  to\\n->h;|i  line,  liet^eeii  tuo  and  three,  -trike- 
the  n\  ei'  i  >n  [he  ea-t  hank  thereof:  ninnin.u  theme  \si:h  -..i;d  line  to 
the  northea--!  i-oriier  of  township  two,  in  ran^e  titteeii:  then,  e  -outh 
with  the  ratine  line  between  ranges  titteen  and  sixteen,  to  the  ^o.itlieast 


between  townships  one  and  two;  thence  northerK  with  the  in  -anders 
o!  the  river  to  the  pl.u  e  ot  he^  inning. 

It  was  n.  lined  alter  I>e\\'itt  ('linton.  ('io\ernor  of   Neu    \  ork. 

I'.  den.  the  las'  township  or^ani/ed  \>\  the  connnissii  iners  iii  Sandusk\ 
(oiintv.  was  fixed  with  its  present  boundaries  in  iS_«i.  \i/:  I',  i..  \  1\. 

This  still  let!  ^enei  a  townshiji  embi'.u  i  n^  all  \sest  ,it  the  i  \,-i  to  t!ie 
\\  est  line  i  't"  t  he  ci  unit  \  . 

To  prcsersea  re(  ord  o!  wh.it  part  ot  the  Seneca  reser\ation  \\.is 
w:  th  .  n  Seiiei  a  <  omit  \  ,  let  n>  i  oi  nine  in  e.  tor  a  st  art  i  n^  po  nt,  on  the 
ri.Llln  bank  of  the  Sandiiskx  river,  about  one  i|iiarter  >>!  a  mile  so-;th  ,>; 
the  -n!it  h  line  oi  sri  t  ;  on  seven,  in  (  'linton  io\\  n-~h  i  p.  r:;ninn_;  d'le  ea^t 
on  a  line  p.ir.illel  uiih  the  smith  sei  tion  lines  o;  sei  "••<"^ 
t  h  i  r!  e  e  1  1  .  ni'  1  n  s  i  v  e  .  in  (  '  1  1  1  1  1  o  1  1  .  and  extending  ill-. 

short  dist  UK  e  smith  oi  the  i  entei  oi  -ei  tion  ten.  in  >.  :p;n.  t!n.:i'  e 
rimninj  due  north  ihroii^h  \danis  tu  the  north  line  o:  Senei  .1  <  o>int\  . 
t  hi  •  1  1  1  i1  u  i  •  s  :  on  s  ,  1  1  d  north  line  to  1  1  1  .  •  r  i  j  h  t  !  i  a  n  k  o  i  tin  ^andiisk\  river; 
thrnre  ,o'itl!  i!oM.-  the  nieandern^s  o!  said  v;.;li:  b  ink  t..  r  he  ,  -la,  e  of 
beL;inninL'. 

(  n.ler  tin  or^am/ation  of  these  townships,  elei  tion-  u.  •  leM  as 
follows:  In  Tho.np.on.  .it  the  house  ,,.  |,,--ph  I'.unn  e  '.th 

day  of    M.i\  .  i  V'    .  e    i  -t  d  i\  n  (  '1 

on  the    i,:h    d.i\      •    In:    •.   i^.  1  d    •  \'\\  '    ;U> 


\\elch.  |a;nes  Mathers  and  Henry  (.'raw,  trustees;  Ira  Holmes  and  John 
Searles.  fence-viewers:  lohii  Searles,  treasurer:  Hugh  Welch  and  Ira 
Ho!mc>.  appraiser^:  Samuel  Knap])  and  John  Welch,  supervisors: 
Thoma>  Welch,  constable. 

Seneca  township,  at  its  first  election,  elected  the  following  ticket, 
vi/:  Wc>t  Barney.  John  Lay,  Havid  Risdon.  trustees:  John  Keller  and 
I>a\id  Rice.  overseer>  of  the  poor;  lames  Montgomery,  Krastus  Howe 
and  Joel  Chapin,  supervisors:  P.  Wilson,  lister:  Asa  I'ike,  appraiser; 
Thoma>  Nicholson  and  Abner  Tike,  fence-viewers:  John  Boughton  and 
Joel  I  .ee.  constables. 

A  lister  was  an  officer  whose  duty  it  was  to  report  to  the  trustees, 
and  afterwards  to  the  county  auditor,  a  list  of  the  able-bodied  white 
male  inhabitants  liable  to  perform  military  duty.  For  this  work  he 
was  by  law  entitled  to  seventy-five  cents  per  day. 

At  the  state  election  in  this  year,  the  whole  county  polled, twenty-six 
votes,  all  told. 

It  will  be  noticed  that  in  these  elections  no  justice  of  the  peace  was 
elected.  Sandusky  countv  exercised  judicial  power  oxer  the  whole  ol 
Seneca  i  ounty.  until  Seneca  became  established  as  a  county  by  law. 

i  >l«;,\NI/.\  I  l<  >N    or     SKNI'.CA     CiH'VIY. 

(Mi  ;lu-  j;?d  day  of  January.  A.  1  >.  1824.  the  legislature  ol  (  )hio 
pas-ed  the  following  act  for  the  organi/ation  of  Seneca  county,  in  the 
wonU  ami  figures  following,  vi/: 

A  N     A  ( '  T 

TII  (>i •;/•/,//:•»    '/"   Count;/ nf  Smt'i'ft. 

SKCTION  1.  /;,  ;/  ,  ,,<n-tnl  //</  tin  (;<  ,n  rul  Aw  mbl'j  »f  the  Stnti  nt  Ohio, 
That  tlii-  counts  of  Seneca  lit-  ami  the  same  is  hereby  organi/ed  into  a 
separate  ami  distinct  county. 

SKC.  ij.  That  all  justices  of  the  peace,  and  other  otlicers  residing  in  tlie 
county  nt'  Seneca,  shall  continue  to  discharge  the  duties  of  their  respective 
otlices  until  their  Miccessm>  are  clmsen  and  ipialiiied  according  to  law. 

SKC.  :;.  Thai  the  qualified  electors  residing  in  the  county  of  Seneca, 
shall  meet  MI  their  respective  townships  on  the  first  Monday  of  April  next, 
and  elect  their  several  comit\  otlicers.  who  shall  hold  their  respective  offices 
until  the  nc\t  annual  election,  and  until  others  are  chosen  and  qualified 
according  lo  law  . 

Si-:<  .  I.  That  all  Miits  and  action-,,  whether  of  civil  or  criminal  nature, 
which  shall  ha\e  been  commenced .  ^hall  lie  prosecuted  to  final  judgment 
and  execution,  and  all  taxes,  tines  and  penalties,  which  shall  have  become 
jn  the  >a  n  ie  i*  i  a  n  i  n-  r  a  s  if  i  hi-  act  had  not  IHTII  passed. 
t  and  lie  in  f i •!•(•(•  from  and  after  the  first  da\  of  April 
.IOSKIM!  IM(  II  AHDSON. 

Speakel'of    the    llol|>eof     I  {e)  iCe^el  1 1  a  t  i  \  CS. 

Seaker  of  the  Senate. 


I-  i.i  t  i  KIN    <  >i    i  ii  i  i(  i  k^.  i  '•; 

In  <  ontormity  will)  thr  forc-oin-  .u  t.  not'n  e  in  writiriu  ua-  p.>-u-d  u|. 
in  the  several  '  lour  '  township-,  in  thr  (ountv,  tor  tin.-  h<ildm_'  <»t  thc 
elcctMn.  The  only  olti<  cr-  to  In-  <  ho-cii  .U  this  rln  tion  urn  a  -hrnlt. 
three  «  <  >niniissii  HUM'S  anil  a  (  oroiu-r.  \'»i  -heriM.  A_;recn  I;._rahan> 
re<eived  (inc  hundred  and  iunet\  votes;  and  !i»r  cnroiier,  I  e\erctt 
l>ra<llt-\  iv i ei\cd  tun  hundred  and  six  \ote>  I'.i'ih  were  rlei  ;<-d. 

At  tin.'  same  tinir  tlu-  lollouin^  naiiu-d.  pcr^iin^  \\i-n-  aU.i  (  ii  ,  tcil  a-^ 
<ount\  i  oin in i^>i. nirrs,  t>>  v,-i\r  until  thr  in/\t  annual  rln  :;iin  in 
(  >(  tolu-r.  \  ;/  :  \\  illiain  (  "lai  k,  |r>->r  S.  t  >1  instead.  I'.rnianiin  \Vi-;  MM  >rr. 

(  >n  tin-  ;tli  da\  ot  IUIH-.  iSj.},  thr  Imanl  ni  <  <  uniiii^-ii  HH-I  -  <  M  _;aiu/o! 
and  ln.-ld  tlu-ir  lii'^t  ->i.-»i<>n.  I'lu-  lir^t  IHI^IIH-^--  in  nidrr  ua->  tin  l.rann.; 
o!  a  ]  n't  it  i'  in  |ttv-M-nu-d  1»\  l\i  >\l\  n  M«  ilK-r.  |n  a\  111.4  i'(r  t  In  !<  u  at :« >n  ol  a 
road.  Thr  ]  irt  it  ioii«i  tor  tour  other  road>  \\rrr  heard  at  tin-  ->ann- 
-r^-~ii  ni. 

Tlu-  [irtition  o|  Thoina>  I!o\d  and  othrr^.  \i/:  thr  <jualii";rd  \o[cr> 
ol  1-alrii  tnu  n-,liiji,  ••prrtlii  atrd  upon  thr  tollnu  in^r  rra-i  n;.t!  >!r  jround" 
-  tlu-  prt  it  ion  sa\ ••>  to  u  it :  "laboring  undrr  ^rrat  itn  on\  mii-in  r.  it  <  mi 
the  di^tam  r,  ol  attfiidin^  public  rln  tion--.  and  ha\;n^  a  -utln  iriu 
nuinbrr  oi  ijtialihrd  rln  tnr-.  in  tlu-  township.  \\  r  pra\  \otir  hoiinrablc 
board  to  >rt  oil  >aid  town^hijis.  No-,  i  and  j.  in  ran^r  i<i.  A\,<\  i  or.-.i;tutc 
thrin  a  Ir^ai  township,  to  be  knoun  b\  the  nainr  o|  |!|IHMM." 

The  board  uranied  the  petition,  and  nrdered  that   :o\\n>h;!^    i   ai:-i   j. 
in  ran^r   i  fi.     Uimini  and  >i  ipio    u  hii  h  \vrrr  or.uani/rd  u  ;:  h   I  ,dn;  '.  .u  n 
ship,  and.  to\\  iish :ps   i   and  j,  :  n  the   i  7 :  Ii  ran^e,     \  ei.  i      and   !<•-,;     .n.ij 
tractional    iouiiships  No-,,    i   and  _'.  ;n  ran^e    iS.  be  -e;  <>i: 
b\    the   board    of  i  <  unnii-^i'  iner>  a  lr.:.i!    town-hip.  i<>    '  .-    k-^.u;:  ;.\    ;!•., 
name  ,  if   I'.loi  un. 

(  >n  the    -ante   da\  .    Iniic    ;th.    iSjj.  tlu-    board    ui    eonirn: 
app'iinti  ii    \Iilinn     \b  Neal    trea-un-r,    and     I  >a\  .d    Ri-iit.n    ,  ,,;;,  ,  ;,,;     ,,; 
taxes  IM]    >  e  n  e i  a  i  •  i  u !  1 1  \ . 

Narhan  \\  h; !iu-\    u  a-     illo\\  ed    tv,  o    dollar-    and    :\\ ,  n:  \    ;'  -. ,     i  ,  nt-  :..j 

three    d  a  \  -- '    -e  r  \  :  i   e  -    ;  1 1    1  i  - 1 ;  1 1  _;     I   !  1 1  i  II 1  p  -  o  II    I  O  U  II  >  1 1    J  '  .      I  •  i  -e  p  1 1    I   I  -  '.  . 
alloU  ed    '  hree  di  iil.1!  >    a  lid     -c\  ell!  \     live    i  ellt-    \<>r     il-t  I!;.     I  ..  :         .     (  ,,  , 
|'.i'-k  \\.i-  ali'iued  line  dnllar  and  ei_;h;\    -e\t-n  ai;.i  a   ':  i'l    •  e 
in-  ( 'linti'ii;    and    jo-eph    Ki-elcr    \\.i>    allowed    :\\n    d. .;!.,:- 
fi\e  i  en'-   !<>!    li-tili^   1'!.   Seiiei  a   :  i  >\\  n  -h  ;  p. 

1  ) .  i  \  ;  1 1     ^ !  i ; . '  1 1 .   i  <  ' !      1  e  I A  i  i  e  -    a  -    <  i  e  i  k     1<  n     ! ! :  e     i  ,  i  n   ; 

..,!    1 1   •  .  'it.-,,.    •  IM  ,-,-   ,1  ,  \  _ 


I  66  HISTORY    01      SKNfcCA    COfNTY. 

gani/ation  of  Scipio  township.  The  reason  for  such  organization 
claimed  in  the  petition  is  the  fact  that  there  were  sixfi-en  !<-gn/  voters 
residing  in  (lie  territory  composed  of  Scipio  and  Reed,  and  the  hoard 
granted  the  petition  accordingly. 

At  the  same  session.  Xeal  McOaffey  presented  a  petition  for  the 
opening  ot  a  county  road  from  the  public  square  in  Fort  Ball  to  the 
public  square  in  Tiffin,  across  the  river  by  the  most  suitable  ground.  On 
the  same  day  the  township  of  Hopewell  was  organi/ed.  including  Lou 
don.  and  an  election  ordered  to  be  held.  The  trustees  to  be  elected 
were  authorized  to  take  charge  of  the  school  lands.  Seneca  township 
was  then  reduced  to  what  now  constitutes  Seneca  and  Big  Spring. 

On  the  Sth  da}'  ol  December,  1824.  the  county  commissioners  cast 
lots  to  ascertain  how  long  each  was  to  serve  :  whereupon  it  was  found 
that  Thomas  Boyd  was  to  serve  for  one  year.  Benj.  Whitmore  for  two 
years  and  Doctor  Dunn  tor  three  years.  Kver  since  that  time  Seneca 
county  has  elected  but  one  commissioner  each  year,  except  when  by 
death  or  resignation  the  election  of  another  became  a  necessity. 

The  same  day  the  board  rented  from  (leorge  Park  his  north  chamber 
for  a  (  ounty  clerk  and  auditor's  office,  and  agreed  to  pay  him  one 
dollar  per  month  for  the  use  of  the  same.  The  chamber  was  a  part  of 
Kli  Xorris'  old  tavern.  The  ground  where  it  stood  is  now  covered  by 
the  National  Hall  block.  At  the  same  time  Clinton  was  fixed  to  its 
present  status,  and  an  election  ordered. 

William  Coincll  \va-  appointed    keeper  of    the  standard    measure,  the 
device  of  the  seal  to  be  a  circle  with  the  letters  therein.  "SIN.  CO.,  OHIO." 
On    the    sixth   day  of  June.  1825.  commissioners   were    appointed    to 
locate  a  road  in  ('rawford  township.  T.   i.  S.   1\.  i  ^   I-'...  and  tor  that  pur- 
pose met  at  the  house  ot  |as.  \\  hitic  ker,  on  the  6th  day  ol   |uly  following. 
Win.  Harp-tcr  was"  allowed  two  dollars  tor  listing  S\  camore  township; 
Jesse  (iale  the  same  amount  tor  listing  Crawfordt  township.        It  would 
therefore    appear   from    this,  that  the   commissioners  ot    Seneca   county 
exercised    jurisdiction  over  Crawford  <  ounty  until  it  was  organi/ed. 

At  tin-  s;une  session  the  commissioners  settled  with  the  auditor  and 
treasurer,  and  found  a  balance  in  favor  of  the  latter  of  >  1^.46. 

Mr.  I  ledges  had  built  a  I  wo  story  frame  house  on  the  lot  immediately 
north  ot  the  '  niirt  house  square,  on  the  place  now  occupied  by  the  east 
end  <-f 'he  Commen  ial  bank  and  the  office  of  the  .SV^vw  Aiiri-rtiser. 
The  si .  (  Dud  ,tor\  uas  used  ;is  a  court  room  and  the  lower  three  rooms 
tor  office-.  The  first  <  ourt  in  Seneca  county  was  held  in  this  trame 
hoii-e.  and  that  wa-  the  court  house  of  Sene<  a  county  until  the  brick 
i  oiiri  house  was  built  in  i  >>}<>. 


ri  i.ri  i<  >s   Dt    i  .1  i  ii  i  KS.  i  (,- 

Jndi;c  1  benc/cr  Lane,  ot  Norss.dk,  svho  svas  the  <  in  nit  jud^e  ot  thr 
indicia!  district  ot  which  Seneca  t  mints  tormed  a  part,  held  the  first 
ctairt  in  Seneca  county,  on  the  iJth  das  ot  April.  i.Sj.j.  \  mler  the  old 
constitution  ot  <>hio.  the  i  ircnit  indues  svere  appointed  l>s  the  I.e^1;-. 
lature  tor  the  term  ot  scsen  s  ear-..  There  s\cre  also  appointed  bs  tin- 
Legislature  three  a----.',  iate  judges  in  eat  h  t  mints  tor  the  term  ol  ses  en 
years.  These  asso.  iate  judges  ssere  not  lawyer*.,  but  svere  -elet  ted 
from  the  business  men  ol  the  (  onnty.  ^encralh  from  the  parts  that  had 
a  majority  in  the  Legislature  lor  tlie  time  bein^.  The-e  ass.xiatc 
jndi;e>,  ssith  tin'  presiding  or  cm  nit  |iid_;e.  tormed  the  <  ourt.  a  maiority 
ol  whom  ssas  net  cs-,ar\  tor  the  transit  l;on  ot  lui>ine>- 

The  first  associate  judges  appointetl  tor  thi->  i  ounts  were  \\  iliiam 
Cornell.  |a.|iics  i  Inlbnrd  and  Matthess  ('lark.  Tin-  t  ourt .  at  its  first 
si-s^ion.  a]ipoinietl  tor  the  I'lerk  ol  the  t  mirt.  ,"'.'/,;/.,  \eal  Mt(iait'e\. 
and  lor  t  ounts  siirsesor  l)asid  Ki^don. 

The  i  o;;r!  lasted  about  thirls  minute-.,  and  then  atljouriictl  tor  ssant 
ot"  other  biiMness. 

()n  the   IJth  das    ol    (  )t  tober.  in  the  --a  me    sear,  the  iir>!  annual  ele< 
lion  ss- i>  held  in  the  counts,   when  the    loll, .win-    otti<  er>    svere    elected, 
si/:    slu-rilt,    A-reen    In^rahani:    coroner.    ChrMopher    Stone;    auditor. 
I  )as  id    Smith  ;    t  onimi>sioner-..   Deiijamin  \\  hitniore.  Tl'.oma-    I  !o\  d  and 
Dot  tor  1 1'iiin. 

The  court  in  this  year  appointed  Kudolphus  ]);.  km  son  pi  use.  nt;n^ 
attornes.  and  the  lonnts  t  ommissit  Miers  a].pointetl  Mil;..n  M<\ea! 
i  .Mint  v  t  re  .is  nre  r. 

\\iih  this  Mn.dl  t  omiiiem  eineiit  old  Seiiet  a  started  on  her  proud 
i  areer  to  tut  tire  urea!  ness. 

Mr.  1  )  1 1  k  i  n  s  o  n ,  b  e  i  n  L;  t  h  e  1 1  r  s  t  I  a  ss  s  e  r  ss  1 1 .  i  s  e  1 1 1  c  d  i  n  S  e  n  e  i  a  <  .>  u  n  t  s  . 
and  ssho  t.iok  a  s  cry  a.  live  part  in  the  or^ani/ation  ni  ;h.e  .  mints  and 
pubi:.  allairs  generally,  svas  apjiointed  bs  the  t  ourt  'he  I'M-;  proset  u;:n_; 
attornes  oi  i  he  t  i  mnt  y . 

lie  \s  as  1  M  11  n  at  \\  hateies  .  M  .is>.ii  hiiset  t  s.  ,  ,\\  the  _•>' h  das  .  •:   I  let  em 
bet .    i  7.) 7.  and  svas  a  L; r.n ln.it e  ot    \\  i  i iiam  -    (  'ol'e^e  :n  t!:.i'   -*:.i'.<-.        1m 
lliedi  lleis     alter    he   let!     t  olie j.e    he    .  .line     [o    (    oiumbu--.   '  '' 
tan^ht   -'  hooi  .m«l  read   lasv  in  the  otti.  e  ..:  (  IM-.:.!-.  'i-  "*  .s  a;  .    •      !:  i:  i  :;\ . 
A  tter  his  .(<  !mi  .-;on    i.,    the    h.ir    l!r    l.n.i'ed    ;:i     Ijtii:.''!: 
I  S.'.j.   t'li    '  i  :••    1   '  ''  '    1'.  ail      ide.   ss  here   1  '     the   tew 

settlers  a^  iin  -:    Mr.    I!  ••!,,•-,  ;,,  h:~  ,    1    111:1        \I;     1  d,  k 

ins.  in  \s  a  -  a  ppo  .  u ',  e.  i    ii\    -  he  i  .  >ui  t  '  iie  in-:   ; '  .  •  s     •:    tht 

i  mint  y.        11;-  name  ;  s    i.h'ii 
sessii  ins  ot  the  .  ouils  .)!  -sen 


l68  MISTOKY    OI'    SENKCA    COUNTY. 

Spencer  in  the  suit  against  Mr.  Hedges  about  the  brush  dam.  the 
most  celebrated  among  the'early  cases  tried  in  the  county.  In  May, 
1826,  Mr.  Dickinson  resigned  his  office  of  prosecuting  attorney,  and 
Abel  Rawson  \vas  appointed  his  successor.  In  the  same  month  Mr. 
Dickinson  removed  to  Lower  Sandusky.  and  in  i8>y  he  married  the 
daughter  of  John  Beaugrand.  one  of  the  oldest  settlers  of  Lower  San- 
dusky  and  who  at  an  early  day  was  a  partner  of  Ceneral  John  L.  Hunt, 
of  Maumee  City.  Mr.  I),  took  great  interest  in  schemes  for  starting 
the  public  works  of  the  state,  in  which  lie  occupied  a  high  prominence 
among  his  cotemporaries.  Among  these  public  enterprises  were  the 
Wabash  and  Lrie  Canal  and  the  Western  Reserve  and  Maumee  Road. 
He  was  a  member  ot  the  Hoard  ot  Public  Works  from  1836  to  184^. 
During  this  period  the  state  of  ( )hio  suffered  great  financial  embarrass- 
ment, and  her  cred-it  ran  down  to  titty  per  cent,  below  par.  her  bonds 
selling  for  fifty  cents  on  the  dollar.  Mr.  Dickinson's  influence  with  the 
leading  men  of  the  state  and  the  Legislature,  contributed  largely  in 
saving  the  credit  of  the  state  and  preventing  the  entire  suspension  of 
public  improvements. 

Mr.  Dickinson  was  elected  to  Congress  in  1846,  and  re-elected  in 
1848.  He  died  soon  after  the  commencement  of  the  second  term  of 
his  service  at  the  city  ot  \\  ashington  in  1841;.  on  the  ^oth  da\.of  March, 
at  the  age  of  fifty -OIK-  years,  two  months  and  twenty-two  days. 

(  );i  the  fourth  day  ot  July.  i.s^;.  the  <  onimissioners  ot  Seiie<  a  <  ountv 
held  an  extra  session  ot  the  board  to  re<  eive  proposal*  and  bids  for  the 
building  of  a  jail  in  Tittin.  lleiijamm  \\lnMnore  and  Dm  tor  Dunn 
were  present.  The  bids  were  opened  and  the.  contract  awarded  to  Lli 
jah  I -"ar^ui'son.  he  being  the  lowest  bidder,  tor  the  sum  of  tour  hundred 
and  fifty  dollars,  pa \  able  when  the  work  was  completed,  losiah  I  ledges 
was  surety  on  the  bond  ot  Mr.  Largurson  for  the  promp  compliance 
with  his  agreement  to  periorm  the  same.. 

The  carh  settlers  will  remember  this,  the  first  publii  building  put  up 
in  Seneca  i  ountv.  It  stood  at  the  southeast  corner  ot  the  present  court 
house  square,  and  was  made  ot  he-wed  logs  fitted  tightly  on  the  top  oi 
e.i<  h  other,  with  hewed  logs  tor  the  ceiling  and  heavy  oak  plank  for 
the  floor.  The  doors  were  made  ot  double  planks  with  wagon  tires 
bour.l  ,i(  ross  tin -m  tor  hinges,  and  a  large  padlock  on  the  door.  There 
rooms  in  this  log  jail  -  one  on  the  east  side  and  the  oilier  on 
Me.  The  windows  were  cross  barred  \\ith  hea\  \  tire  iron. 
;:h  end  of  the  jail  was  attai  lied,  a  frame  building  as  wide  as 
I'lou:  t\M-nt\  tee!  .  \\i'h  a  narrow  stairway  to  the  garret,  and 
rooms  iielow.  Ihis  iiMine  part  was  intended,  a-  a  residence 


tor  the  sherilt,  lint  was  never  oc  i  upied  tor  that  purpose.  The  j.t'.l'T 
lived  there  i  M  (  asionalh  :  and  final !\  ,  and  nut  d  tin-  old  lo-  jail  was  torn 
down  in  1X40  41.  m\  old  t'ricnd,  |olm  I  :<  i1  •>•  •  upied  this  tr.uiie  part 
ol  tlu-  jail  t'nr  a  cabinet  shop,  and  Mar<;'i;-  \  <iro||'  lised  immediately 
across  the  street  trom  the  same,  on  the  south  side  ot  Market  street. 

In  the  I  >c<  ember  session  ot  the  i  oun!\  <  oniinissioiieis.  (  'liristoj.her 
Stone  was  allowed  one  dollar  as  appraiser  ot  ('hnton  t<  >•*  \\  hship. 

At  the  same  time.  I  >et  ember  sjh,  iNj>.and  upon  the  applii  ation  ut 
\ureen  In^raham,  the  i  ommissioiiers  passed.  an  order  b\  wh;<  h  ail  that 
part  ot  ('linton  towiishiji  l\in:4  west  ot"  the  river  was  a'.tai  lied,  to  Hope- 
well,  tor  the  reason,  undoubtedly,  that  '.here  were  no  bridges  o\er  the 
river  and  it  was  theretore  more  <  oiueniciit  for  the  people  on  the  \\est 
side  to  uet  together  and  hold  their  elet  tiolls,  eti  . 

The  lo-  jail  bein^  t'mished  and  the  \\ork  done  to  the  saf.stai  tion  ot 
the  (  oiintv  eoimn  issji  itiet's,  n  \\as  ;u'(  epted  on  the  ;  i  st  da\  oj  Mart  h. 
i.Sjd.  |olin  Mini  presented  his  a<  (  onnt  tor  rent  o;  room  tor  the  ti^e  ot 
tlie  eount\'  i  lerk  and  auditor  tor  nine  months,  at  l'i!t\  <  enls  a  month. 
>4-5o.  whit  h  was  allowed  on  the  ;th  da\  ol  lune,  iSj'i.  (  Mi  the  same 
«la\  b'siah  Hedges  was  paid  Sj^.S;.  expenses  m<  urred  b\  him  ;n  the 
loc atii  >n  ot  t  he  i  ount  \  seal. 

Milton  Me  \eal  was  re  appointed,  rtmnt\  tr<.':i>urer.  and  U'ilham 
I 'a  tier  son  i  ollei  tor  ot'  taxes  tor  the  ensuing  year. 

A  i '!  a  i  n  s  t  o  \\-  n  s  h  i  ] )  \\ ,  i  s  o  r  L;  a  n  i  /  e  d  tin  t  h  e  m  1 1  d  a  \  o  i  I )  e  i  e !  1 1  b  e  r .  i  s  -  s . 
but  :'  i  oiisisteil  onh  ot"the  set  !  i  oils  not  included  in  the  n  -er\  e.  I  b.e 
elet  tors  \\ere  ordered  to  meet  a;  th.e  house  ot  Samii'-:  Uhivmatito 
hold  the  ,  ;<•(  ;io;i.  on  tin  .' ;  ;h  <  ia\  o-  I  i.-.  ,-m'  „  i .  i  s.",  |., 
t'i\\iiship  ot  aii\  reason  a!  ile  si/e  the  i  OMIMI:---:O  ;:,•;-.  .r;.n  '.  'i  ''<•>  \<'..i'.'.:-- 
a  tier  ot  st-i  lions  trom  and  alo;i_  the  \sest  s'.d--  •  •'  I  :•"•!:; 

(  >n  the  iltth  i!a\    ol'    I  'et  ember,    i  V'5,   l\eed    to\\  n-!    j'  \\  a- 
i/ed    with   Us  present   boiiinlary.  ami   the  elei  toi's  ottiei'e.i   ;-i-I  nu     '   .1'    l!n 
hou-e    ot"  Se-h     Ki  ed    on    the    first    day    o!    latriai  \ .    i  •> .' ; .  ' 
e  1  e  i  t ;  o  n .        1  '  e  t  .   > .    i  •> .:  >  > .    the    (  o  n  i  m .  -  ^ ;  o  n  e :  -    o  ;•» !  e 
cut    .1   d  i  a  M 1 1  i  u  d   in   the    jail   door   the   : :  i  •  ! .  e  - 


CHAPTER   XI. 


JESSE  SPENCER  COUNTY  ROAD  FROM  FORT  BALL  TO  TIFFIN -WOLF  SCALPS 
ORGANIZING  TOWNSHIPS  IN  CRAWFORD  COUNTY  BUILDING  THE  FIRST 
BRIDGE  FIRST  KILN  OF  BRICKS  DAVID  BISHOP  FINAL  ORGANIZATION 
OF  ALL  THE  TOWNSHIPS  H ISTORY  OF  THE  BUILDING.  THE  BURNING 
AND  THE  RE-BUILDING  OF  THE  COURT  HOUSE  BUILDING  THE  STONE 
JAIL-THE  NEW  JAIL. 


IN    A    former   chapter  it  was  said   that    the    Indian   reservations  were 
not    surveyed    into    sections    until    after   the    Senecas    had    left    the 
country  ;   but    this   statement    should   be   qualified   so   as   to   except   the 
Armstrong,  the  McCulloch  and  YanMeter  sections. 

Robert  Armstrong  and  the  heirs  of  McCulloch  had  full  power  to  dis- 
pose ot'  their   respective   reservations  in  any  manner   they  saw  tit.  after, 
the  patent  from  the  I'nited  States  had  been  issued  to  them.      The  trans 
fer  required    only  the   approval    ot    the    President    ot    the    I'nited  States 
endorsed  thereon. 

The  patent  from  the  t'nited  States  to  Robert  Armstrong  was  issued 
under  the  treaty  aleady  mentioned,  and  bears  date  of  October  12.  1X2^. 

On  the  2<;th  day  of  the  same  month  Armstrong  sold  and  deeded  four 
hundred  and  four  acres  of  his  reservation  to  Jess.j  Spencer,  for  three 
thousand  dollars.  The  deed  trom  Armstrong  to  Spencer  was  approved 
by  President  Monroe,  and  signed  by  him  in  his  own  hand  writing.  The 
part  of  the  Armstrong  reserve  sold  to  Spencer  extended  trom  the  San- 
dusky  river  westwardly.  Mr.  Spencer  laid  out  and  platted  the  village 
of  <  (akley,  including  the  old  stockade,  i  Fort  ISall,  i  and  extending  down 
the  river  to  the  railroad  bridges,  and  west  to  somewhere  near  the  I!.  \- 
(  ).  depot.  It  was  not  much  ot  a  town,  even  on  paper.  No  trace  of  it 
<  an  anywhere  be  found,  and  Mr.  Spem  er  never  caused  any  record  to 
be  made  of  thi^.  hi->  lirst  town  in  Seneca  county.  The  only  buildings 
the  to\\n  of  Oakley  ever  contained  were  the  log  cabin  hotel  of  Mr. 
Howe  and  the  cabin  ot  Mr.  I)a\id  Smith,  near  \\here  the  stove  works 
now  ap  The  i  abin  of  Mr.  Agreen  Ingraham  was  up  on  the  hill  where 
the  ari~>toi  ra<  v  afterwards  ->cttlcd,  around  about  M<  Ncal's  store,  alter 
M  r.  Spent  er  laid  <  >ut  Fort  Hall. 

Mr.  (iiitonl    Howe  say--  his  lather'^    hotel  ->tood   near  the  bank  of  the 


river,  .nut  ri^lit  in  Washington  street.  <  losr  !,\  the  north  <;;d  .it"  the  iron 
bruise.  I'lu-  »id  army  mail  passed  .  lose  \,\  it.  1  |!(-  hotel  was  pulled 
down  when  >peii<  er  opened  a  street  il.a:  w.i\  :n  h:s  |-oit  Hail 

In  less  tlian  two  \ears  !n>ni  tin-  time  Mr.  >pem  cr  bought  tin-  part  ot 
tlu-  Armstrong  MM  lion.  u>  abo\  e  stated,  he  laid  .nit  <  »ak!e\.  then  Fort 
Hall,  built  the  brush  .lam  an.l  the  saw  mill.  be.  anie  :n\.«hcd  m  al><>ut 
two  do/en  law  suits.  ha«l  a  halt  do/en  kno.k  downs,  -old  his  town. 
brush  <lam  ami  saw  mill  to  Mr.  Hedges,  ainl  .|tiit.  I  he  deed  t'rom 
>pcn«  cr  to  1  led^rs  for  1-ort  Hal!  i  s  dated  J  une  in.  iSj;,  In  this  deed 
>]iemer  re>er\  ed  to  him->ell  M»me  in  lot-,  and  out  \»'.~.  ot  h;>  town  o| 
l-ort  I'.all. 

Mr.  Spem  e:  .  aine  here  Iroin  IVrrv  <  onntv.  (  >hio.  uhere  he  toniierl\ 
l:\ed.  I'  serins  that  the  loralitx  and  the  people  here  tailed  to  meet 
the  approbation  "t  Mr.  Spem  rr,  and  he  uitlulreu  his  c  ompatn  and  !n- 
interest  iVom  the  (oiinty  soon  alter  his  sale  '»  Mr.  lled^e- 

1  he  \irwers  appointed  on  the  count)  road  petitioned  lor  leading 
irom  the  publu  stpiarr  ot  I-ort  I'.all  to  the  publn  s.piare  in  'I'ittin,  and 
those  on  another  petition  for  a  <  oiint\  road  lead.iiiL;  iVom  th.e  publii 
s  jiiare  in  Tittiti  to  the  publu  square  in  I;ort  Mall  ;\M>  distim  ;  ^rts  ,,\ 
\  iewefs.  and  two  di^t  im  !  lines  ot  roads  reported  untas .  >rabi\  .m  both. 
Mr  Neal  M<<ia!!ey  thereupon,  on  the  Sth  da\  ot'  lune.  i.Sj;,  -.i\  r 
notice  ot"  liis  ;ntention  to  aj.pral  the  case  to  the  ( 'ourt  o|  ( 'omiiion 
Pleas.  There  is  no  rei  .  >rd  to  >ho\\  the  late  i>t  the  roads  in  the  i  ourt. 
'I  he  streets  ot"  I  ort  I'.all.  as  laid  out  b\  Spem  ei  .  seem  in  ha\  i  -upphed 
thi.1  ^rea!  \\ant  oi  a  <  ount\  road  runninu  trom  M.  Seal's  stori1  to  ;)-. e 
i  ourt  house  s.  juarr  in  1  ittin,  and  the  appeal  was  ne\  er  pro  SIM  uteti. 

i  >n  the  i.,th  da\  ot  Man  1: .  iSj-.  the  .  ommis^ioner>  pas-ed  a  re-o 
'ut ion  authon/itiL;  the  auditor  to  d.ra\v  an  order  on  the  treasurer  !o;- 
the  -,11111  ot  two  ilollars  extra,  and  in  addition  ;..  the  --MU  .  •!  tour  dollars 
paid  bv  the  state,  tor  the  s.  alp  oi  e\cr\  \\oli  k:;li<!  n  >i-nn  a  lour.tv. 
'1  h.i  s  e  beasts  \\  t  re  \  e  r  \  1 1 '  it  i :  e  r »  u  s  here  at  t ! : .  i '  t :  m  e .  a  i :  d  a  \  e  i  \  ^  \  e .  1 1 
a  n  n  o  \  a !  1 1  e  to  the  pioneers.  1 !  \\ .  i  s  almost  ;  m :  •  >  -  •,  .  a :  \  \ 

poult  r\     li.  >us  or  si  see  p.      The\   would  e\  en  a: ' .«  k   .in.'!  k  . !',  \  .  '•: ;  .   i  al\  rs 

(Mi<      \\o','il    natuiall\     suppose    thai    the    uojse,    \\ , .  :oni   :!;e 

appro. i .  i,    o|    'lie    settlers,    but    \s:l d    and     -i.\    .1-    -;.    \    :.  •'   .:  ill \    ate;  .inii 
h  o  w  e  v  e  i    1 1  a  i  d  a  s  :  •   n  i  a  \    In    i  o  -  ( "t  ash.,'    at    , 

made  th'  ::;-<  '\'   -  so.  i.ible  about   :h.    i  .ib.i;>  a:   •    _':  :         I  i.<    :    :..-\\.::.^  a: 
ni^ht.  liidi  OM,  ,i>  ;t   sounds  by  ;t-i  it.  -e,  m,  ,;  -o 
in  Ion-  •,.';,:  1 1 1  o  n , .  e  -  p  e .  ;  a  11  \    ;  n  a  1 1  a  i  k .  .  • . .  • :  n . .. ;  :  .  • :    --\   ; . :  i  ; 

\\  hen   the  .  old   l.i-ted    in\    length   ot    'line,   it   u.is  dangerous  to  be  out 


I  72  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COl'NTY. 

alter   night    without  a  torch,   and   domestic    animals,  unprotected,  were 
sure  to  be  killed.      Wolves  are  afraid  of  fire. 

They  seemed  to  be  more  numerous  in  Seneca  than  in  any  adjoining 
county,  and  were  found  most  plenty  along  the  Sandusky  river,  and 
along  the  several  branches  ot  Wolt  creek,  which  was  very  appropriately 
named  after  them. 

By  the  law  of  the  state,  four  dollars  were  paid  for  wolf-scalps,  and 
every  county  was  authori/ed  to  add  such  additional  sum  to  the  lour 
dollars  as  the  commissioners  would  order.  The  counties  adjoining 
Seneca  refused  to  add  any  further  sum  to  the  state  premium  on  sculps, 
and  the  two  dollar^  added  in  Seneca  became  a  great  inducement  to  kill 
wolves  in  Seneca  county.  Money  wus  exceedingly  scarce  in  those 
davs.  and  hard  to  get.  The  idea  <>!  raising  six  dollars  in  money  for 
one  wolf's  scalp,  excited  the  skill  and  avarice  of  many  a  pioneer. 
Men  would  work  on  farms,  at  trades,  at  anything,  a  whole  month  for 
that  much  money  and  board — yes.  and  then  very  otten  take  their  pay 
in  store  goods,  or  other  barter,  at  that. 

The  greater  number  of  wolves  that  were  killed  were  caught  in  traps 
made  expressly  for  wolves.  Those  that  were  shot  were  comparative!} 
few.  The  ingenious  trapper  was  the  most  successful  man  to  get  the 
premiums  on  scalps.  Some  ot  these  trappers  in  Hancock,  \\ood. 
Sandu>ky.  Huron  and  Crawford,  living  near  the  county  line— yes.  and 
some  of  those  that  lived  a  considerable  distance  away  -when  they  found 
a  wolf  in  the  trap,  in  making  the  morning  rounds,  would  strike  the  wolf 
over  the  head  with  a  club  and  thus  stun  and  disable,  but  not  kill  him. 
Then  they  would  hitch  a  horse  or  an  ox  to  a  sled,  and  haul  wulf  and 
trap  into  Seneca  count}',  and  there  finish  killing  the  wolt:  so  that  the 
trapper  rould  make  an  atlnlavit  that  the  wolt  was  killed  in  Seneca. 
This  i  ounty  paid  lor  many  a  s<  alp  ot  a  wolt  that  was  caught  in  some 
other  count}'.  There  was  mone\  in  it.  The  result  was.  that  in  the 
course  of  a  lew  vears  the  wolvVs  became  very  scarce.  Along  towards 
the  year  i.S.jo.  scarcely  an\  scalps  were  presented  tor  premium. 

After  the  organi/ation  of  Seneca,  and  betore  Crawtord  count}  was 
organi/ed.  the  commissioners  of  Seneca  county,  upon  petition  for  that 
purpose,  organi/ed  three  townships  in  Crawford,  as  follows.  \i/: 

<  >n  the  ;th  day  of  December.  1X24.  upon  the  pet 
(  haeMi.e,  Crawiord  township  was  ordered  to  orgam/e 
eleMion  on  (he  j^th  day  ot  December,  1^-4,  at  the  house  ot  said 
Cha<  itee,  i!  n  ind  i  here  to  elect  three  I  rustees  and  a  treasurer,  to  take 
<  hr.rge  and  dispose  of  the  school  lands  belonging  to  s.nd  township. 


I  I  KS  I      I'.Kll  "  .)          I  IK  -  1      Kl  I   \     •  .1      HJ'li    K  I  -  ; 

the  original  surveyed  t<  >\\  iishi  ps  V..  i  ;n  the  i;:h  t  i:._  .  \  .  i  :\  :h< 
!'iih  r.uue  ami  No.  i  111  the  i;:h  ra:i_e.  south 

oil  aii-l  i  n_;an:/ed  ;u!<>  one  township,  and  '  >  '»  kr.own  :,\  ti.r-  name  n| 
>\«  amoiv  township,  am!  thai  a  simdar  elei  :.<>:.  :  .eM  there. :i  oi.  (he 
_' ;  t  h  ila\  ot  Mai'i  h  next  cnsiun.;. 

i  >n   thi'  same  iia\'.  said    •  uiiiiiii^«>:i>iicr>    also    ordrn  'i    'l.at    the  inh.ih 
itants   ainl    qualilied    eleetor>    in    ihc    original    >ni\r\.(!    :•  >\\  u>h.j>  •  UH-. 
-Miiith.  raii,ui-    tlnru-fii.  \>?  iiclilini  [»  nu-i-l  at  tlir    hnu-^c    "!    |r^>r    (i.ilf. 
on    the    last    >a!urda\   oi    Mariii.     i,Sj5.    ami    rir«  t    Hd^:«-f-.  «.-tr.      "I'ln^ 
T. « >\v  n>lii]i  is  now  in  U  \  amlot    i  mint  \  . 

<  >n  the  7th  da\  ot  Manli.  iSj'i,  ->aiil  <  <  nii!nis>i.  <n<  r-  a!-'.  >  oriicn-ii 
'.hat  thr  original  survr\ril  to\vn>lii|i  our,  -»oiitli.  raiui-  ioiiru-fii.  \n-  >rt 
oi:'  t'roin  tin-  towtislii j>  ot  ( 'rau  ;'oi-.|  ami  or^ani/i-<i  into  ,t  h-jai  to\\nsh.;j.. 
to  1  it  kno\^  n  1  iv  tlu1  nanir  ot  |  \  i  n  oi  htcc.  aii'  1  that  t  hi-  •  ri.t! :  nr<!  »•!<•!  tors 
tin  ifin  Mirct  on  tlu-  first  \loinia\  in  \]>r;l  :u-\!.  .it  th.r  I',OI;M-  "t  Tox-j.h 
(  hacitcr.  in  (  rawlori  1  lown>lii|i.  ain I  llio>«.-  in  1  \  inoi  1,: i  .-  to  u.cc:  at 
thr  hoiisr  ,,i  Irsst-  (laic,  and  thru  and  thrrr  to  .  <•-.  c!. 

Tlic    firM     clfort    to    liiuld  a  liriti^r    in    Sviu-i  a    •    >M:I:\     i>\     ' 
authorities,  was    niaiK-  1»\    tin-    <  oininis-ionrrs  on  :l;i    .••:  dav    •  •'    .Vi.:1:-'.. 
\^2~,  xshcii  tiic\    me!   tor  the    pur]  rose  i>:    :  i'k.:ij    '::'•'    i  •• 
pro],r:<  :\    »\    Imildin^  a  bridge    a<  ross    KM,  ',.  \    ,  <   -i-k-.  at  •':,-     .    i-1    •  ;.d  o! 
Mar'ki-t    street,   in  Tittin.        That   \\as  the  end  ••!    this      •-..!'.  a  "the! 

step  u  as  taken  to  ImiM  this  hnd-e  until  the  r.th  \\.-.:<  ',.  i  -  ;;.  -.\  ':.••:,  ihi 
i  10  a  rd  a  |  jpi"o  j  rnated  S^o.  and  a  p|  mill  ted  M  a  i  •  j  •:  >  \  .  ( i  rat;  '.  •  <  ^".\  e:  ::i'.  end 
the  \s  ork.  Renlien  \\  illianis  did  the  \\  oi  k .  It  \\  as  mai  !e  o!  \  i  :  \  i:ra-.  \ 
oak  tun  her.  and  lasted  until  it  !><•<  a  me  dangerous  to  .  ros-.  .;.  uiien  '!u- 
t  r ',  i  s  t  e  i  •  s  1 1 1  ( ' !  i  n  t  o  n  t  o  w  n  s  h  i  p  e  re  i  ted  the  p  r  e  s  <  : ; ;  stone  i  >  r .  • '.  _  e  .  n  its  p '.  a  <  e . 

<>n  the  s'd)  da\  ot  |une.  iS_>;.  \!  r.  \^reen  In^rahani.  lia\  \n^  '  een 
<.-iei  ted  treasurer  ot  the  <  ouniv.  was  required  }>\  ih.e  iio.ud  :••  ^'^e  lniinl 
;n  the  sum  ot  S  ;,ooo. 

At  the  1  )e(  enilier  session  ol  the  same  \  ear,  the  c  om miss; oners  .ill,  .wed 
\\  in.  Toll,  wlii  i  w.is  depiit)  slient!  and  ].uh>r.  S  ;..;(>  toi  1  PO.II  <  1 :  n^  \  •'.  >.  >ners. 

I  hom a-  <  'haii\\  i«  k  Imrnt  the  ti:  -l  kiln  oi  Inn  k  ih;v:n j  th.c  -'in:'  :er  u! 
this  year,  and  lurnished  hrii  k  to  huiid  a  i  h;mr.<-\  .::  ;':.i  'a...  '••!  «h:c  !i 
he  was  a  1 !  o  \\  e  d  the  s  t ;  n  i  1 1 1  S  j  j .  ; 

loseph    Tool   u  as  pan!   <  i  (. o..  tor    la\  in^    i.!(e  •    :     \\ 

was  p  a  :  1 1   S  j  ;  5      tor  1 1  u :  1  <  1 :  i  u   ' !  e  <  ! ! ; '  1 1  n  e  \ 

The   \otes  i  .is!    in   ^  e ; .  •  •<  a  <  •  > ' : ' . '.  \  '.  •  • ; 
returned  to   |  i .  •  ] .  i  w .  i  r  e    i  • .  • ;  n :  \  .  v.  1 . 
.li>lri.  t.  a'.d    t'',,      ,  .,-in-\    :!;  ,'    -    .    '     •' 
.hstri.  t. 


I  74  HIsTORV    OK 

At  the  same  session.  Uenjamin  Bellinger  was  paid  ><j.oo  for  nails 
used  in  building  the  jail.  Nails  were  then  a  rarity,  and  just  coming 
into  use.  There  were  no  nails  used  in  building  cabins,  as  we  shall  see 
hereafter.  If  a  man  were  to  be  compelled  to  build  a  house  now-a-days 
without  nails,  he  would  scarcely  know  how  it  could  be  done.  It  wa> 
no  trick,  at  all.  for  a  pioneer. 

David  Bishop,  who  had  come  to  Tiffin  about  one  year  before  this 
time,  was  appointed  keeper  of  weights  and  measures,  by  the  board  at 
this  session. 

Bishop  was  a  sort  ot  character  by  himself.  He  was  a  carpenter  by 
trade,  and  a  rival  of  Reuben  Williams  in  that  line.  He  was  a  large. 
powerful,  muscular  man.  Francis  Bernard  was  a  stone  and  brick 
mason.  He  and  Bishop  had  a  great  many  tights,  and  when  Bernard 
was  sober,  he  would  almost  invariably  whip  Bishop:  and  Bernard'- 
friends  charged  Bishop  with  cowardice,  because  lie  would  never  whip 
Bernard  except  when  he  '  Bernard)  was  drunk.  Bishop  was  the  auc- 
tioneer for  a  long  time,  and  a  wonderful  man  to  talk  and  boast.  He 
was  friendly  to  everybody — kind  and  hospitable — and  was  afterwank 
elected  sheriff  ot  the  count}'.  He  was  a  good  officer,  and  faithful  to  dut\ . 

<  )n  the  ist  da}-  of  June.  1829.  Reed  township  was  organi/ed  to  :t- 
present  limits. 

Dr.  \\  illiams.  a  sketch  ot  whose  lite  will  be  found  elsewhere  herein. 
insists  that  the  township  was  named  for  Seth  Read,  and  by  him.  Read 
was  an  earl}'  settler  there,  and  a  singular,  original  sort  <>f  a  character. 
The  dor  tor  says:  "The  name  of  the  township  ought  to  be  spelled  as  it 
was  lirst  intended  R  e-a-d". 

In  the  earl\"  records  ot    the  court  ot    common  plea-,  and  in  the  plead 
ings  ot    tlie  lawyers,  the  name  ol    Kden  township  was  spelled   K-a-t-o-n. 

Pleasant  township  was  organi/ed  with  it-  present  boundaries  June  6. 
i  *.?  i  :  London  township  was  organi/ed  with  its  present  boundaries,  but 
no  election  was  ordered  until  upon  the  application  of  ( 'harles  \V.  Foster, 
who  -ays  in  his  petition,  that  there  were  twenty  elector-  in  London,  and 
i^ks  tor  an  order  !o  hold  the  lirst  election,  to  ha\  e  the  -chool  lands  taken 
'•an-  of.  So  ordered  on  the  4th  of  Man  h.  iS^.i.  At  the  March  term, 
i-^.vv  the  auditor  ot  the  count}'  tor  the  lir-t  time  be<  ante  <\\--<>f}ii'i<>  clerk 

At 


OKI,  \M/  \  I  loN     ii|       I  O\\  N  sHll's.  |-- 

labert)  tosvn.ship  was  or^ani/ed  on  the  5'!)  da\  ot  |une  i,S;j.  w  .'ii.n 
its  present  limits,  upon  the  petition  of  lohn  I ..  Ho  k.  and  an  elo  ti-.n 

|a<  kson  township  was  or^ani/cd  within  its  present  limits  on  the  41!) 
day  ot  December,  i.\;.',  and  an  ele<  ti<m  ordered. 

Thus  everv  township  in  the  counts  was  or_;an;/ed,  the  ciotion  ot 
township  otticefs  ordered,  and  the  L^  >\  eminent  "!  the  <  •  Mint)  (  ompleted. 

In  or^'ani/m^  ('Union  township  as  originally  sijr\e\ed.  adding  to  it 
tlie  portion  lyin^  \\e-t  ot  the  river,  whii  h.  lor  the  sake  ot  <  on\en;em  e. 
and  tor  want  of  a  bridge  a<  ros>  the  Sandu-k\  r;\  er.  had  !"f  a  t ,  me  been 
attai  hed  to  Hoprue!!,  the  ])fo]>osition  met  with  a  strong  opposition. 
Ncarlv  e\erybod)  on  the  uest  s;de  o!  the  ri\er  -:_m  d  a  teim  >:;•-' ram  c. 
The  sj.int  of  o], position  to  1'ittin  had  -prc.ul  trom  1  -ort  llall  i  i>-ar  to 
and  all  a!on-  the  east  line  of  Ilopeuc!!.  and  it  st-eined  to  be  a  sort  ot 
lu\ur\  when  an  opportunit)  ottered  it-eit  to  h-h;  Tittin  and.  the  ea-t 
side.  Hut  the  board  fixed  the  bonndar)  as  it  now  is,  ami  the  ! 'eel MI:;  oi 
resentment  ^radunlh  abated. 

I*  or  want  oi  a  <  onrt  house,  the  several  i  onnt\  otm  ers  turm-hed  their 
own  room-  and  jiresented  their  accounts  [or  the  rent  to  the  bond  of 
(  oinm  i  ssioiuTs  i  or  allowance.  Mr.  Raw  -<  MI  .  the  count  v  ro  order,  w  as 
allowed  ofiiee  rent  tor  the  ye. ir  ending  l>o  ember  (i,  iS^j.  ten  dollars. 
The  other  ottu  ers  <  lerk.  auditor,  sheriff.  et<  ..  ro  eivei!  about  the  same 
ani<  unit. 

When  the  old  frame  building  abo\  e  desi  ribed.  in  uh;<  li  the  >  onrts 
Wt.Te  held  liif  awhile,  bei  ame  too  -mall  I'M  :t  \\.i-  \  er\  !!<  on\en;e!i! 

'he  i  ount  \  i  oininissioni-|-s  made  arrangement  -  \\  it  h  :  lie  oti-.i  ••:  -  o1  : 
M  .    I ..  «  Inn  i  h  to  ha\  e    the    courts    held  in  tin    :    >  !:ufi  : 
paid  ></  to   s  |  _•  a  si-s-.;.,ii.  as  rent.        I'h.e  uvand    i'ir\    an< 
were  turn  ;-died  room-  in  the  In  it  eU. 

1  his  Method:-!  .  hnn  h  was   the    l.u-e,:    pub: 
stood  on  the  lot  now  01  <  iipied  b\    b'-rpii   Hatter  a-  .1  ; 
the  .able  m,!  tothe  -ire,-;,  one  sto,-\   hi.-!i.  b.::i:  .,1    :•:., 
court   and  the  i  in  uit  i  our!--    were    held    there  up  to  •';. 
neu    (  ourt    hou-e    \\.is    IMI : -hed.    and    alter    •.!:••    •      !    lia 
abandone,!. 

I  or  si  \  era!  \  ear-  tin-  «pies:  .mi  a-  to  •  }:<•  pr,  .• .;  . , 

hotl-e    U.I        .!_.'   it'   d    hv    the    1.1   .i'.!i       ,i:.d    bv     '! -e    ': 


I  ;<>  HISTORY     01      SKNKC'A     OHNTY. 

given  tor  the  reception  of  proposals  to  build  a  court  house,  and  that 
the  commissioners  \vi!l  meet  tor  that  purpose  on  the  i4th  day  of  April 
then  next  following. 

April  14,   1X28 — Hoard  met,  etc..  and  say  in  their  entrv,   "not  sold." 

Nothing  further  was  done  towards  building  a  court  house  until  in 
the  session  of  the  commissioners  on  the  5th  day  ot  December,  1833, 
when  they  appointed  John  Hungrier  and  Calvin  Bradley  a  committee 
to  proceed  to  the  county  seats  of  I, online,  Portage  and  Richland,  and 
take  a  correct  description,  together  with  the  cost,  etc.,  of  each  court 
house  in  the  said  counties,  and  report  the  same  to  the  board  at  their 
meeting,  on  Friday,  the  2  7th  day  of  December,  1833. 

This  was  the  first  step  towards  building  a  court  house  that  looked 
like  business. 

John  Seit/,  M.  V.  Craff  and  John  ('rum  were  then  the  commissioners. 

December  27,  1833 — Board  met  and  adjourned  to  January  3,  1834, 
when  they  again  met  and  received  the  reports  of  Buugher  and  Bradley. 
The  expense  ot  the  trip.  593.80,  was  allowed.  Adjourned  to  Friday. 
January  17.  1834.  At  this  meeting  it  was  ordered  that  a  court  house 
be  built  of  brick,  and  that  notice  be  published  tor  proposals,  etc..  up  to 
February  13.  1834. 

February  13.   1834  —  Board  met  and  adjourned  to  next  day. 

February  14.  1834 — The  board  contracted  with  John  Baugher  to 
build  the  court  house  for  £9.500.00. 

March  4,  1834  —  David  Campbell  was  paid  £2.00.  printer's  account 
tor  publishing  notice  for  proposals. 

.March  5,  1834 — Calvin  Bradley  was  paid  £15.00  for  draft  and  speci- 
fications. Brown  >\:  Magill's  printers'  account  ot  £3.25,  was  also  paid. 
Jacob  Stem  was  appointed  as  agent  to  negotiate  a  loan  of  S6.ooo.oo  to 
pay  tor  the  court  house,  and  a  bond  was  issued  to  him  for  that  purpose. 

March  15,  1834 — Mr.  Stem  reported  that  the  amount,  $6,000.00,  was 
deposited  in  the  Baltimore  Savings  Institution,  Maryland.  Thereupon 
the  board  loaned  this  amount  to  Mr.  Stem  until  the  interest  should 
compensate  him  for  his  trouble. 

[une  3,  1834 — The  board  allowed  Mr.  Stem  £8.55  for  postage  by  him 
expended  m  procuring  the  loan. 

June  7,  i834--The  board  advanced  to  |ohn  Baugher  £250.00011  his 
Contract  to  build  the  court  house. 

On    the    hr>t    day    ot    Augu-,t,    1834.    the    Commissioners   caused    the 


lif   <-(.|iiiiii-»iti!icr>      .[dim    Scii/.    .John    ('rum    and    Nii-liulas    ( in-tcliins. 
sriit      paid  .I"lm    BaiiLrh<T  two   thousand   dollars,  and   took  his  receipt  on 


hishund    l-eiiiir  Hie  :',|--!    pa\ni'-n:    tu'.sa;.  uii. !  h»u--  :n  '!'• '!:i:          \    -• 

|eeej\ed   .laeul.  Stein   -  IH'I'-   f.H    t  Ui  Ml  \     !,  .  •     •!.•'  1  1 1  -.!••:' 

i .  i '  I  •  •    \\ !  i  i  •  •  1 1  \\  a  s  ^  i  \  e  1 1    1 :  i  i  n   I  •  •.   his    p.  \  •.  :  i .  _    ' '  •    l '.-...  '  I    .  • .  -  i  •  .  i    .  j .  • " .  i :  - 

-li'llll     I  laugher    n-eeipti-d   !i>  ill'-    euliiMil-  I'll'      ' 

I  lie  s|  ii  it  ami  staked  nil!    ;!:••  -inn  1 1. 1   I'.  •:    the  .-..ml    Ii..i|s,.    and  ad     •:::  n-  d. 

Mar,  h  S.   |S-M       i  in-  l.o.uvl  "l"  •  -  try 

"ii  their    1 1  uirn.i!.  \  i/: 

I 'a  id  .luh  1 1  r>am.'lnT  se\  en  Immli  ed  and  ei^htv  -I  \\ »  d"!  iai  -:  .1!-".  a  emml  \ 
order  aim  Him  inu  !"  t  u  u  hundred  and  eighteen  d"llai  -.  tin-  \\  h"!e  a!m>unlin:,r 
in  niie  t  linn-ami  i  !•  'liar-. 

August    i').   iSjju.  the  Inrther    i-ntry  w.i-    inaiie   on    :!.•    •  oinnr 
i  iurn.il.  \  i/  : 

Settled    \\illl   .li'llll      liail^her    alld     aeeepted     the    eulirt    hull-e.   .Hid     p. lid     Ililll 

!  he  halain-e  "I  ;lin-e  t  limi-aml.  t  \\  u  hundred  and  -e\  ent  s -nim-  d"',!.u-  and 
.sevcntx --i\  i  en!  -  iii  urdei  -  mi  l  he  cunnt  \  t  rea-nn-r.  and  an  urder  i-n  .laeuh 
Stein  t'ui  the  li.danee  uf  said  Stein's  nute  uf  -e\  en  Immhed  and  -i\t\ -ei'_'hl 

dullar-  making  the  -nm  i>t '  .-  I.ul7.7»i.  \\lm-h.  \\iih  the  niune\  -  heiet"lu!  •• 
paid,  makes  the  -nm  u|  -M..VMI.IKI.  the  full  |ia\nieiit. 

They  thi-n,  al-u,    paid    I   ri.ih    I'.    ( 'm  mr.id,    lor  not:t\in^    l.unr-  (ira\. 

>  i .  ;o:    and    1  ,in:r-  (  i  ra\    Si.  >c  lor  in-pn  '1114  tin-  i  onrt  house. 

(  Mi  tlie  -anie  da\  the  hoard  made  an  agreement  \\: tli  |ohn  I'-.ri^lu-i 
ID  turni-h  t!u-  i  ourl  hou-euith  lu-m  he-,  taMe-.  eti  . :  \\i:h.  I'led'-i'ak 
kridler  to  turni-h  i  hair-  and  -ettee-.  and  \\;th  1  uther  \.  Hail  to  !urn;-h 
•he  sto\e-. 

i  )n     the     -aine    da\      I)a\id     I'.,    i  >\\en     re-i-ned    hi-  ••!    i.eni:\ 

luditor.  and  tlie  i  oniini--;oner-  appointed  l.cvi  I  >a\  .-  to  Jill  the 
.  a '  am  \'.  \\lio  entered  into  lioml.  am!  look  ihe  o.ith  ot  o^ii  .-. 

I  he     his!nr\     oi    the    li':ild;nu    "i    the    iir-t     i  our'     !  \       1'  liin 

i  • '  o  1 1 1  e  i  i  1  i  i  •  r  i   i  o  r  t  i  i  e  1  M  •  n  e !  i  i  o :  1 1 1  >>  ,e  u  h  o  n  i  a  \  1  >e  .  •  • .  : .  •- :  e. :    :  i .  •  ••  •:    -• .  i . 
'o   knou.  the  -!ep>  thai    \\ere  taken    ironi   !;m. e  :••  :.:n^,  iT'-i^i    :h>  _    :; 

j  r"  r  -  •  '  'iiii  !•••  ion.  and    the    nann   •    >  •!    th. 


i  ;X  HISTORY    OF    SKNI-X'A    COt'NTY. 

seven' \ears  the-iee  next  following,  which  time  having  expired,  the  board 
appoints  the  said  Al>el  Kawson  reconltT.  as  aforesaid,  and  until  the  next 
lal  October  election.  .JOHN  SKIT/. 

LOltKN/O   AI5I50TT. 


The  <ount\  rcc  •(  >rdcr  was  first  elected  by  the  people  in  October.  A. 
!  >..  1X30. 

A  very  curious  cntr\  was  made  on  the  journal  ot  tlie  commissioner:- 
on  tlie  oth  day  ot"  December.  iX^X,  in  the  following  words  and  figures, 
t  o  -  w  i  t . 

•  losiali  Hedges  presented  a  petition  from  sundry  inhabitants  of  Adams, 
and  1'leasant  townships,  praying  for  a  ne\v  township  to  he  made  out  of  the 
aliove  named  townships,  to  lie  called  •'Sulphur  Springs."  After  taking  said 
petition  into  consideration,  they  protest  the  same,  and  petitioners  go  hence 
from  wlience  they  came. 

The  first  step  taken  for  the  purchase  of  a  farm,  and  the  erection  o; 
a  county  infirmary  for  Seneca  county,  was  the  entry  on  the  journal  o: 
the  county  commissioners,  on  the  ;th  >iay  of  June.  1X41.  upon  the 
petition  presented  by  Jacob  \V.  Miller  and  others,  on  the  ^d  day  ot 
March.  1X41.  The  petition  was  read  at  this  session,  and  postponed  for 
further  considerate >n. 

U'hile  writing  on  the  subject  of  this  court  house,  it  may  be  well  to 
state  here,  in  connection  with  the  subject,  the  circumstances  ot  the 
burning  ot  the  court  house,  and  the  rebuilding  ot  the  same. 

The  reader  must  not  look  for  any  chronological  arrangement  in  this, 
work,  as  there  is  no  eilort  made  touards  order  in  tune  in  the  relation 
ot  subjects.  This  is  not  intended  as  a  reference  book.  Its  object  is  to 
preserve  descriptions  of  earl\  limes  and  scenes;  the  memories  of  men 
and  women  who  first  built  homes  in  this  forest,  then  called  Seneca 
i  oun'y:  recollei  -  of  their  manner  of  living:  their  trials  and  hard 

ship-:  their  pleasures  and  their  griefs;  their  virtues  and  their  vices:  to 
ple.isc.  and.  it  possible,  to  instruct.  The  data  were  so  carclullx 
i  ollei  led  '  '  .  i\  be  n  lied  upon  with  <  ontidence. 

Ti;--  i  ourt    of  common    picas    was    appointed    to 

m    llu'    morning    of  Tuesday,    the    j.jth    dav  ot 

\I  i  \  .    i  •  ;  ;  .        I"!  Saturday    pre\'ioii».    tin     j  jd.  cleaned 

o-r   :  •  :    '       •  !  i  im  off  the  seats,  let  t  the  windows  open  to 

I  '  ;'i  nun  i    in    I  hat    <  <  mdii  ion    whi-u    the 

:    tie1  alarm   of   lire.       The  wind'  AV   in   the  little 

.  ho\\«\''i".  was  shut.       I  he  men 

wi;o    irir  '      .          '         (ioiir  to  this    room    were    repulsed    by  the   fire   and 


i  "HRI     HI  >l    M  .  I7 

•-ni'i'kr.    and    iiiuM    -a\  r    ii'i'.hin^;  'it    :!>    i  orilrM!-..        11:  /    <>  ! 

|  il'    M  ,i\      -'().     I  S  ;  i  .    >.i\  •«    ill     ;'  - 

i  Mir  \  jlluiri-.  \s  hii'h  ha^  hillu'i  I"  l«rt  n  r\i  in;.;  i :  mil  •  al.uin:  %  I- . 

Ia-1    liri-ii   l'"l  'I  'fi|   i 't'    il  -   Illi  >-t    -('It'li'li'l   t>riiall|t'lil    1  >\    1  hi->  t|i--l  I  lii'l  I  V  ••  .lili-tli . 

(  Mif  lair  lirant  i  in!  mm  !  In  MI ->•  i>  ii"\'.  .1  iir.ij'  '  •!  i  inn-.  I :  .\ a-  '!.-• 
1"  '  ••  nil  lilt-  lift  \\  t -I'll  1  \\  ti  aii' I  i  hi  vr  n'l'lt  n'U  .  •»  iii'ia  .  n  i"  Mr.!.;.'  la-! .  !•»  v.  h;i  i 
liint-  tin-  ilaini  •-  h.i'l  MI, I'll-  -ii'-|i  |'i'>_:ir--  ilia!  it  u.i-  :in i" i--ii-!'-  '••  .i!i«->l  ih-'i 
l'\  ,ui\  nif.ni-  lln-  i  ili/t-ii-  h.i'i  ;ii  i'i'!iiiii.iii'l.  Tlif  !'•-  =  ;;!  \s.i->  tin-  'i«-:.i 
'If-l  nn -i  i  "ii  iij'  t  In-  IHI  i!i|  in-.  Tnial .  \\  ••  -,i\  .  im  \  .ill  h"i:_rh  .1  !.u  •_:'•  ]•••!  l  i"ii  •• 
!  lif  \\  all-  an-  \  ri  ^tainliiiLT.  :l  u  iil  iinl .  u  c  1  Innk.  In-  i"iiini  fxp'-'hi-n!  !«t  ali^ 

lllt'lll    I"   frill   lill   a-   pal!    "1     llir    Ili'U    nlllirr.       '1'lir    r. Hill     ||"l!-.-    i  "lilallir.l    l!,, 
"lli'-r^    "1     tllr    frrtif'li-f.   llr.l-IIIfl.   all-lilnf.    -lirjlll.  I'lrflv   "I     r"ll!t.   all'l    '_'f.llli 

!  ur\   I'm  'in.  u  1 1  irli  \\  a-  "i  •'•iij 'if  I  l'\    M'---i  -.  (  '.  .\\  ,|.-i  \  .DJ.  |  \\  i '-.  ,i;. 

Tin-  ivi  i  inK-r'-.  olln  r  \\.i-  thru  in  ilu-  -'  nit;r.\  •  -;  -  urnrr.  .iii'i  '!u 
rvion'.s  \\rrr  ra-;ly  ^nuinl.  hrin^  tlir  larilir-;  ,us.i\  ir'iin  ihr  lur 
I'hr  unMti-r  p.iM  nl'.  anil  all  ilu-  iuijn  >f  ;.in;  rn  '>;•'!-  in.  :!n-  •  irrk.'-^  •  'tth  r 
\Srir  s.Uril.  \  i.T\  lilllr  i:i|nr\  u.l-  dulir  !''  lllr  l,MH'k-  Hi  ihr  .i''.t  h'.i  t!  ' 
nttn  r.  llir  -hrrilf.  a!-n,  s;i\nl  nm-',  "!  hi-,  ini]  •<  >r!.in:  ]'.i]"  i"-.  I'':'  .il 
ihr  ji.i|ii'f>  in  the  1  rra-iif  r  f\  ntlK  r  une  i  le>t  ri  >\  r>  i.  \  -:rii:i_  i  -iM't;. 
o!  \viinl  c.irfii-il  ihr  lianu'-  in  t'n.i!  dim  t, mi.  and  t!r"\'i-  tin-  [•cupit 
a\\'.i\.  Kii  hafd  \\  ;il;.iin>  had  h;>  tau  iitlii  r  :n  tl:r  : ;  ra-;;!  •(•;•'•»  r-">:i: 
and  It  >-t  lii-  rnt  irr  l;'hrar\  . 

(  t)\vdrf\    , i::d   V\  il-un    _;iit    nut    <>\    thr;r  i'ttn  r  r\  r ;\  '.  1: ,;.^  •  >:    \a'r;r.  .1- 
•lies    tlnMi.,'hi:    ';<;;!   uliriilhe    1  >ai  k  -!  a!  r  <  a-r  a::' '.  u  '  »  »\i-:\    j.af..:;"n  \\.i' 
alt. LI  hrd  thrrrt'i.  limk  lirr    and    thrrw  a  lirilii.inl    !;_;':'     ;  :•>  ::.'  :r  ;•" 
u  h  i '  h  \\  a  -    a  1  - ' )  ' )  n  1 1  ie    -  i' " '  i  n  d    ! !  <  >•  > :  .   M  : .  <    •  >  A  . :    :  \    •    i : ;  i  <    : "  ;  i . .  •  \\  r . '  •  : 
\\  h  i!r   1   u  a-,  hr ']  I'.n^  ti  >  -a\  r    ihr    i '  i  •  >: ' : -  :ii  ' :  :•    <  .•••  r.    -    '•";•:•.    ,-.  :    - 
••\V:li:  mi.  'hetv  i-  a  .  a-r  ,,;    .,;,.,  ,,:;   •  ./r-  ,    >v  i  ::  : 


iSo  HISTORY     01      SKNKCA    C'Ol'NTV. 

and  Wilson,  being  close  to  the  stair  ease,  had  the  logs  burnt  nearly 
through  at  this  time,  and  the  sand  had  commenced  pouring  down.  ( )nc 
jump  brought  me  into  the  south  \\indo\v  of  the  office,  when  three  logs, 
with  about  twenty  leads  of  sand  on  top.  tell  down  into  the  oltice. 
Another  jump  out,  landed  me  on  mv  hands  and  feet  on  the  ground,  with 
the  cheer--  of  the  crowd  on  that  side;  but  before  1  could  get  up.  the 
whole  cornice  on  the  south  side  fell  and  nearly  covered  me:  but,  as 
good  fortune  would  have  it.  a  piece  of  the  cornice  that  tell  close  by. 
end-ways,  operated  as  a  pro])  to  the  balance,  and  I  was  pulled  Irom 
under  the  rubbish  without  injury. 

After  the  first  alarm  of  lire,  a  few  bucketfuls  of  water  would  have 
been  sufficient  to  put  it  out.  It  was  then  just  breaking  through  the 
cornice  and  root,  at  the  northeast  corner  of  the  house.  There  was  no 
way  to  reach  the  lire.  There  was  no  lire-engine,  no  hooks,  no  ladders, 
no  fire  company.  The  people  were  as  helpless  as  children,  and  doomed 
to  stand  bv  and  see  their  new  and  beautiful  court  house  burn  down. 
They  did  all  they  could  do.  They  saved  the  records,  some  of  the 
turniture.  and  the  neighboring  buildings. 

There  was  a  great  difference  of  opinion  as  to  the  cause  ot  the  lire. 
Some  laid  it  to  incendiarism:  others  laid  it  to  Mr.  John  KIder,  who  was 
deputv  clerk,  for  leaving  his  candle  burning  in  his  room  in  the  upper 
story,  immediately  below  where  the  fire  first  broke  through.  John  was 
seen,  late1  in  the  evening,  coming  down  stairs,  dressed  up.  and  some 
time  alter  the  roof  was  all  ablaxe,  came  back,  being  dressed  lor  Sunday, 
lie  had  a  bed.  his  clothing,  books,  and  some  furniture  in  the  room,  and 
slept  there.  15 e  this  as  it  may,  Sunday  morning.  May  2^.  tound  the 
court  house  in  a>he.i  within  its  walls.  The  gable  ends  had  tallen  in. 
and  all  the  c  himncy-,  but  one. 

(  )i:  the  Monday  following.  Mr.  I)avid  Ilishop,  a  most  daring,  reckless 
man.  in  Mime  way  got  up  on  to  the-  north  wall  and  walked  eastward 
towards  the  onl\  <  h'mney  yet  standing,  and  iii:-t  as  he  stretched  out 
nd  to  touch  it.  it  tell  outside  to  the  ground.  How  Mr.  ISishop 
ug  alter  it .  is  Minpl  v  a  in i racle. 

oncr.s.  at  their   (line  session  therealter,  paid   Mr.   |o.seph 
r.  a-  '        '  the   Mi  thodist    Protestant  c  hurch.  Sj;;   lor  the  use 

holding  the   May  term  of  the  court   lor  that   vear. 

I '  i  n  e .   i  <S .}  i ,  t  h  e   c  o  u  11 1  \    commissioners   ordered 


KI  urtMUNi  .IKI 


I  Si 


(  hi    t!u-    _\;>1    il.i\     Hi    Inly,    i  s.j  i  .    • 
I'.  a'ljher  tn  liMil'i  .1  iu  "A   hi  i'i>e.  u^:;i_;  !:.••  \\.ii'.- 
\\  ri  r    (  i  in>:i  !;  i  n  i    aii   -'Mil'    I'li;.    i;;ii    h.i\  •     r1.  i  : 
:.''..  the    carjiriit  IT    a!;>l    |  inner    u  <  >rk  a::>  :;.  i  :.'.:._.    ;• 
I  .nr.rh  i  i  >n;r.ii  tn|  \,  >r  t'nr  iirn  k   u  •  •:  k.  :•;:  •;.-:..;!_;  a!'. 
lor  SN.     .      .\r,i-tin   Phill:j>-  <  <uitrai  ti-.l  I'M*  ;!:t 
iM.iti-ri.il,  h  n-   S  15  3. 

A  !    tin.'    I  .nn  i.i  r\     >r--M(  MI,    i  ^  i  ;.    i  •!    I  !:  i     !  ••  >  in  i    i  ii    i 
nru    i  'i".  ri    !li  ill  >r    \\.l-  .11  i  i-ptcii   .IIi'l   in  i  :i|iiol. 

In  i.-i'.'i.  an  ailiiitit'ii  VSM--  in.uir  »\\  '!:r  r  i^t  rii-l  « 
w;tli  .i  \a'i!:  ,in<i  -~.i!r  tur  th<-  tn-.i-iiii-r.  ami  \aiili-  in. 
ri-i  ui'iU  ;;iil  |i.i|u-r>  in  tlu-  ntlicr  uttii  r->.  '1  In-  ,uiil:r  :• 
uttiirii!  tin-  m  i  iriu-r  ami  I  rra--u:T|-,  \\  itli  Liruul  am 


<  hi  the  i;th  day  "I  I  MIH-.  i  S  t  ;.  the  i  i  nun  \  <  i  iiiiini^^ 
u'itli  l.|ihra;ni  l\:ki-r  inlmilil  tlu-  jail  ami  -hiT;it">  r 
',-<  m  -t  n-L't.  t«  >r  >  ,'-,-  \^~  • 

III     I  N~  7.    the    Hi   N^      |.lil    I'll    \larkel    ^tl'eet    \'..l-    liir.lt. 


CHAPTER    XII. 


THE  WOOD-CHOPPER     HOW  TO  BUILD  A  CABIN-  THE  DIFFERENCE    BETWEEN 
THE     SETTLERS        THEIR      BENEVOLENCE     AND     HOSPITALITY        PIONEER 
GIRLS        RUSTIC    FURN  ITU  RE  —  TH  E    HOMINY    BLOCK        THE    HANDMILL 
GOING    TO    MEETING- INDIAN   VISITORS     NATURAL    FANNING    MILL     "THE 
LIFE   IN   THE   WOODS   FOR   ME'       HOME-MADE   CLOTH-  YOUNG   AMERICA. 


"Si iinc  love  to  roam 
(  )'cr  (lie  wliitr  sea  foam. 

When-  tlic  wild  \\inds  whistle  free: 
1  Jut  a  chosen  band 
Ina  forest  lam! 

Ami  a  life  in  the  woods  for  me." 


Till.  K.N  KM  I  KS  of  the  country,  red  and  white,  had  been  subdued 
and  driven  away  by  victories  and  treaties,  and  the  frontier  made 
-ate  and  protected  against  their  atrocities.  Now  the  forest  was  to  be 
con'iuered:  diseases  incident  to  frontier  lite  to  be  met  and  endured; 
swamp-  to  be  drained:  roads  to  lie  opened  and  bridges  to  be  built; 
lands  to  in-  cleared  and  fenced:  lite  to  be  sustained  tor  several  years 
without  any  income  without  having  anything  to. sell:  and.  first  of  all. 
,1  i  abin  to  be  built  a  home  to  be  se<  urei  1. 


inve-ted  in  l.ind.  as  .;  general  thinu.  Amon^  tho--e  who  afterwards  were 
i  oitsidi  •'!  .i  the  most  \vealtli\  were  men  \\lio  <  learcd  lands  |or  others  at 
litt\  i  <•'>•  -  per  da v,  boarding  theiiiseK  es.  or  tor  eijju  to  ten  dollars  per 
ai  i'e.  !ci  '  ii  •  •  •  nd  -pen sable  necessaries,  ot  lite,  or  to  pa\ 

\.\\'  -.        \!  ii  :     \s  i  re  i  ompelled  to  w>rk  on  the  <  anals,  to  -et  a 

li  !•'.  .         -          '        r  ta  mi  lies   alone  in  the   wi  Kids  lor  months  at  a 

!:!!'•.        Si       i  liai  it er  ( in  "I    anal  S\  -'  em ." 

'!  !;>    ••  I  hompsi ,] i  to\\iishi p.  undulating  and  "lair  to 

li  •'  'k  .  -  i    li'  i\\  ers    iri  mi    earl\   s|  irini;  \<  i 

late    '    •'  •'    ai  ii  d    the  attention  oi    men   trom    I'eniis\  K  ania.  and 

of  some  irom  Ni  'A  N  ork,  who  \\ere  seeking  For  places  to  build  homes 
in  the  we-t 


1MMI.RKNVI.     r.MUIlN     -IIII.1K-. 

'I'he  -ettler-    u!<  >n:,'    Silver    i  reek,   lloney  creek.   KM. 
r:\er    \\ere    Ironi     Mar\lam!.     l'>ain-\  1\  ania.    Ne\\     \,,; 
lu<k\.    ami    ironi    southern    <>hio.         I!:-    (ieMnm. 
:  in  m  .u rant-,  a  \a-t    niaionu    i't    \\h,oni    !<>.    ite.i   \\ .  -•   .  • 
•'tie  lite  nr  thi'    wooil-    here    alioiit    the    \    ar    .•'-•'/.  a::i 
<  oinin^  until  a!<oii!  i  ^s    •       I  he  larger  part  '>:  I  hi 
i  S  V-'  ami   iS.j-  .       Tiie  -et'ler-  ea-t  o:    th- 
\nieriian-.    ami    lanuliar    \\;th    tin-    en-tom-.    hah:1-. 
i\\-  ami  lan_;'ia_:e  <>;    ihe    people      (  oiiM  i":\    ami  - 
preter.  ami    trai  >ai  r  all    k.mi-  »:    '/':-;m  ,-    ::  •';    .:    «v 
Not  -o    vxi:h  •!  rom  a  :'.  1   . 

:.m!  -trance  ;•>  ;    in  :    :!;e    ia:.^1:  !_e  o!    the  ;,,,,;.',-.  •}. 
!  1  \  i  n  L:  .  e  \  i  n  the  tool-,  t !  1 1  •  v  w  o  r  k  e  i  i  u  ; :  1 1      .  i ',  i .  a !  1  \\  i  -  n 
There  iie\  er  \\  a-  a  pei  >]  >le  ;ii  ;  h. e  \\  <  ir!< !  '  ';•. at  i  '  i'ii'  i  ':  • 
in  the  n-e  oi    the  a\e.  am!  .1-  a  \\oo.l    <  hopper  ;:.,-     \: 
man  ne\  er   h.u  1  hi-  e>  jiial. 

iVrhap-  .1  tiai  look  auku  ir<l  to  -ee  a  man  rai-e  hl- 
t  o  e  1 :  o  p  1 1 1 1  \\  n  a  tree.  IKK  k  :  1 1  ^  into  ;  t  all  a  r  o  u  Pa  1  in  - 1 
.t  iloun.  l'>nt  thi- \\-a-  no  lau-hin^  matte;-;  the  thin.; 
l'\  experiem  e.  'I  he  torei-ner  liaii  no  \\oo.i  to  .  hop 
iiirlh.  A  i  rookei!  a\<'  hamile.  im!  -m  !.  in  t\e.  \\--i 
i  o!Ui!i\  at  that  t:nie.  \:i  AMU  neap  <  o'liiltYsi  ' 
; ;  i  the  u  i  M  u  1  - .  \\  o  1 1 1 1 !  1 1 1 1  e  1 1  - 1  o  j  i  a  n  i !  -  h  o  \\  h  : ; ;  i  !  \  •  >  '.\ 
/  «//>r-  the  a\e  pel  p' -in  lit  uhl  rly.  etc  .  'Ihe  •  <  .n  her  -.\ 

.!:!'."    the    !''!'<  ••.  _ner    -,1W    the    lltMM\    ill    the    -  '.\  : : ,  j  .  a  ! . '  i    -o 
- 1  h  o !  a  r .         Ihe    manner    ;  n    \\  h : .  !  i    the    '  i '. '.    t :  m '  •    :  - 
•  a  1 1 :  c  •  i  i  i '  u  n    1 1 1  h  • !   !  h  e  - 1 1 1 1    -  h :  i;Ve    : :      • :  p  o ; ;    •  i  .     _  ;  i '  •  M  ;  < 
\  ;  •  r  v  i  n .  i  n^    '.  <  - '  '.  i :  o  n :  a '.  -  t  i ,  r   ;  ;,,•.,,;    1 . , ,  ,\    ;    ; . . . ;  A    ' ' 


\\  Here  In    v\  i  '•:.'  1  ,'';..<:  !: ;  -  liMitue    '   *'.  <\ 
hiin-eil     .Cji-Vj    !         1"\  r«i    •  'lie-,    i  .  .nit.  «. : 
The  -et'ler  !r"iu  a  torei^n  laiiii   wa-  < 
-ooii-  to  the  -maiie-t  po--iMe  cpianli! 


184  HISTORY    OF    SKNECA    COUNTY. 

he   had   to    travel    from    his   native   hills    and  valleys   to   find  a  place  to 
locate,  in  the  the  woods  of  Seneca  county. 

And  hither  he  came  without  a  domestic  animal,  without  any  knowl 
edge  of  the  country  or  the  people  here,  without  any  preparation  to 
meet  the  task  that  his  new  life  demanded  of  him.  otten  without  tools 
and  general!)  without  the  knowledge  how  to  use  them.  Those  ot  you. 
American  neighbors,  who  were  at  home  here,  and  had  means  to  help 
yourselves  with,  may  perhaps  imagine,  but  you  never  could  reali/e,  the 
heart-aches  and  hardships  this  difference  created,  and  what  the  man  who 
had  paid  his  last  dollar  lor  the  piece  ot  land  upon  which  he  now  came, 
with  his  wife  and  several  small  children,  to  build  a  cabin — destitute  ot 
almost  everything  except  his  iron  will  and  industry — had  to  undergo. 
When  he  met  his  American  neighbor  he  could  not  tell  him  what  he 
wanted.  I'nder  such  circumstances,  it  was  indeed  very  hard  to  fight 
the  battle  of  life  in  the  forest. 

P>ut  in  these  trying  times  there  was  one  great  virtue  almost  universal 
among  all  classes  ot  people,  without  distinction  as  to  nativity,  race  or 
religious  affiliations — a  virtue  that  towered  abo\  e  their  mighty  oaks, 
brighter  than  a  beacon  light,  as  warming  in  its  effects  as  the  rays  of  a 
summer  sun.  cheering  as  a  mother's  smile,  and  soothing,  like  a  calm 
from  the  gardens  above.  It  was  that  generous,  broad,  innate,  heaven- 
born  hospitality  that  characteri/cd  the  settler  in  the  woods.  As  misery 
loves  company,  the  man  who  had  himself  reali/ed  the  same  scene,  was 
ipiick  to  furnish  the  necessary  relief.  It  was  not  considered  a  hardship 
at  all.  when  several  of  the  neighbors  came  with  their  axes,  a  yoke  of 
o\en  and  a  log  chain,  cross  cut  saw.  troe,  maul,  etc.,  and  otten  in  one 
day  put  up  a  log  cabin  arid  covered  it  with  clap  boards  before  night. 
Another  day  or  two.  and  the  owner  had  put  up  a  lire  place  at  one  end 
and  a  door  in  the  side-  It  the  new  comer  could  rc-pav  bv  working 
back,  all  right  :  it  not.  it  was  all  the  same.  And  so  with  everything 
else.  A  lavor  was  not  asked  in  vain  :  tor  it  was  granted,  it  possible,  as 
a  matter  ot  course.  The  latch-string  was  always  out.  night  and  day. 

'I  here  were  neither  castes  nor  classes  in  society  then.  Some,  it  i-> 
very  true,  urn,-  in  mu<  h  better  circumstances  than  others,  even  then: 
but  their  \\ork.  their  deprivations,  their  hardships,  their  sufferings  and 
mutual  dependent  e  upon  each  other  in  the  hours  of  distress  and  need, 
together  \uth  their  social  gatherings,  brought  all  down  to  a  common 
level,  or  elevated  all  to  a  higher  plane  of  neighborly  love— as  you 
plea->L  to  h.ive  it  -thus  lormin^  a  society  that  the  outside  world,  awav 
trom  the  troiitier,  never  knew.  There  was  no  night  so  dark  or  stormy. 
no  s\salc  so  deep,  no  distance  so  great,  but  that  a  call  in  case  of  sick- 


MN  PM  --,    o|      -I    Milk-. 

ne----,  di-trc--  or  death,  would  he  pr,'inp?!\    r<--pond'-d  to.       'I',, 
lmn:;r\,    to    tnrni-h    relief  in    <  a-c-    of  d;-tte--    and    need.   an<! 
ea<  h  other  ua-  the    mi--ion    ot    the    -IK  ;et\.       It    wa-    onlv    ne«  - 
have  one'-  want-  made  known:    help  cainc  <>',    .     •  If.      A:.' 
vcar-.    il,   b\     rea-on    o!    -n  kne--.   a<  e:.ien:    •  "     m  an\ 

neighbor  rotild  mo   take  (  are  <>\  h;-  havve-t  »r  mai.  hay,  :i 

\  ol'in leered  tlieir    -en  :<  e-  and  d.d  the  work,  w  . •  }.•  .'it    a-k;n_  o; 

\  lew  in:;  pioneer  lite  I  I'oin  tin-  -'  a  n< :  j  ,o .  nt .  :  -  :t  \<>  l«e  w  oud'-re 
neighbor-  uonid  thu-  -tiare  and.  -\mpath;/e    \\;;h  e.n  ii  other 
unit u a  1  heip  came  -puntaneon-l\  .  without   reward  o;   e\pe<  '  r  .• 
ot.       \\oinan    then,  more    tha:i    e\  er.  pro\ ed    to    lie    that    -\\ei-; 
<  han'v  at  the  bed  -ide  of  the'  -ii  k  and  d\in_'.  nrini-t'-r:n_:  :»  •': 
in;,',  and  -moot  hin:;  the  p;llow  o!    the  deji.ir!  :n_;. 

In  a  ca-e  oi    di-tre--  it  wa-,  no  urn  oinnion   oi  i  urrem  e  [or  a 
hi-  wile  to  -et  out  ot    a  warm  bed.  in  the  dark    hour-  oi    a  i  old. 
niuht,  li-h?  a  ton  h  made  ot'  the  bark  oi  -hell  h:«  korv.  ain'|  le.u 
children  alone  in  the  cabin,  wind  their  \\a\    through  the  ;or,--r. 
-now    and    water    ior    mile-,  to    tender    their    kind    office-,    'o    a 
neighbor. 

How    well  the  beantitnl  word-  oi  the  poet   appl\   to  thi-  in-': 

"Nil   prei-jiMI-  U'flll   that    ele-Inl    fiirtlllif   \\eai-. 

N'i  >r  pi  in  •!••--  j  ii  Mr  I  that  haii'_r-  1 1<  <\\\  lu-ant  s '-  ear-. 
Shine  \\itli  -iii'h  In-lrr  a-  llie  tear  ilia!  l'ii-al\- 

l-'i  >\'  <  '1  In-!'-'   \\  i  ir-  MI  >\\  II    \  ill  lie'-   man  !  \    elu-rk-." 

I  o  _;  n  three,  t  ( i !  i  r  or  1 1  \  e    mile-    and  help  a  1 1 1  in    r . : :  - 1  •  a 
the  order  of  thin_;-.      The  work  had   to  be  done,  and  tin    n 
do  it  almie.      That   wa-  enough:    and  there  \\a-  :;o  d  'd_- 
to  -ei    au  a\    I rom  it,  or  make    an  apolo-  \  .      'I  o    •;,,'.".  w  i- 
a-  (lie  law-  of   the   Mede-  and    I'er-ian-.        Il    .1   man   ua-  !.• 
at  a  "ra:-in_r."  ami  did    im!    p'jt   in  an    ajipearam  e,  ;;   w  i- 

t  a,  hire    to    perlorm  a  luiniiiu    obligation,  ai.'i  a    re  pet  ;•.:•>:; 
had  a  temiencv  to  inpire  the  man'-  i  har.u  '.'"    in  the  i 
l)oi'-.        1  o  avoid  I  hi-,  a  man  would,  oiten  ne_  »\\-\  . 

rather  th  in  be  Miked  aboii!   and  biaiued  tor  do, 
would  e\i  u-e  him  bu!   -a  kne--  or  a<  i  .dent. 

II  boulder-  or  oilier    -tone-    i  on'.d    i  nd    : 
together  and   pu;   on   p,p  o|    e.ii  !i   o;!;,-:-.  [;i  :..;  tn   ''.• 
lire  p  1  a  i  e .      A  ,  .  i  \    ;  •  a  r.  k  u  o  • ; ,  d(    a  n  -  w    i   .1 

ba<  k  o|    a  f;!  e  piai  e    ti.i:-    mad''    -i  ,    .:  c.  t ;.       i.i  x1    : 


l86  HISTORY    OK    SKNECA    COUNTY. 

and  up.  a  chimney.  This  was  done  with  sticks  split  out  of  an  oak  log, 
laid  over  each  oilier  in  a  square  form  on  the  top  of  the  back  and  sides 
of  the  fire  place  until  a  heighth  of  one  or  two  feet  above  the  comb  of 
the  root  was  reached,  and  then  it  was  well  plastered  on  both  sides  with 
soft  (lay.  It  Hag-  stones  could  be  found  lor  a  hearth,  very  good  :  it 
not.  a  day  hearth  answered  nearly  as  well,  and  the  latter  was  the  most 
fashionable  hearth  in  all  that  part  of  the  country  where  stones  were 
scarce. 

In  building  a  cabin,  an  accomplished  "corner  man"  could  carry  up 
a  corner  in  less  than  one-half  the  time  it  would  take  an  ordinary  chop- 
per. To  make  the  notches  fit  the  saddles  neatly,  required  both  skill 
and  practice:  and  by  looking  at  the  corners  of  a  cabin  it  was  very  easy 
to  tell  whether  the  corner  man  understood  his  business  or  not.  The 
porch,  or  "stoop."  as  the  Yankees  used  to  call  it.  was  made  at  the  side 
of  the  cabin  where  the  road  was  expected  to  be  made  thereafter. 

(  >n  the  tii'st  or  second  logs  abo\  e  the  door  the  end  logs  on  that  side 
were  allowed  to  run  as  tar  out  and  over  the  side,  as  the  porch  was  to 
be  wide.  I  pon  the  ends  ot  these  projecting  logs  a  straight  log  was  laid 
length-wise,  and  formed  the  plate  of  the  roof.  As  the  gable  end  logs 
were  now  cut  shorter  to  lorm  the  root",  poles  were  laid  on  these  length 
wise  also,  and  in  line  with  the  plate.  These  were  called  "ribs."  and 
answered  the  purpose  ot  ratters.  The  clap-boards  were  laid  on  these. 
A  <  lap-board  was  Irom  six  to  eight  inches  wide,  split  out  ot  a  white  oak 
block  about  tour  leet  long,  trom  one-half  to  one  inch  in  thickness. 
and.  wa^  laid  on  these  ribs  without  being  shaved.  These  (lap  boards 
were  now  laid  down,  projecting  over  the  plate  about  six  inches.  At 
each  end  ot  the  plate  a  wooden  pin  held  up  a  long  straight  pole,  which 
w.is  laid  ou  the  top  ot  the  clap-boards  to  hold  them  down.  Then 
another  laver  ot  dap  boards  was  put  down,  and  another  long,  straight 
pole  placed  on  these,  and  so  on.  To  prev  ent  t bese  poles  from  slipping 
down,  siii  Rs.  i  .died  ''knees."  were  put  trom  'lie  lower  pole  to  the  next 
one.  end  wise.  '1  liese  long  pules  were  very  appropriate!}  called  "weigh! 

poles."   tor   thev    held    the    dap  boards    down    and    kept    them    straight. 

I  hus  the  root    was   made. 

ogs    were  <  ul   off   in  the    side  of  the    (  abin    where  the  doors 
,  down  to  the  lower  log.      The  doors  in  the  sides  were  gen 
posite  cadi  other,  lor  several  reasons.  \  i/ :    for  ventilation. 
.'      '    thi     bai  k    way.    and    very    often    to    let    the    horse   or    the 

ox,    thai    !  .   :    hauled    in    a    back  log.    walk    out    at    the   other   door. 

without  being  put  to  the  necessity  of  turning  around. 

for  wan:  ot    a  sawed  plank,  a  straight  piece  of  puncheon  was  used  to 


})i  ill!  up  the  etnU  of  the  lo.ys  thus  sawn!  ot'ftor  tin-  iluor,  an 
a^am>t  the^e  (.-mis  ver\  linuly,  tornim.;  .it  t!u    -ame  t:nu   '} 
\  ^!,(  •(•;  or  an  ohl  '|ii:lt  w.i^  in.ii'.c  to  an^ucr  !••!   a  ilo    :  •;•.'.! 
<  oi:!d  In-    |in>(  ureil    tor  that    purpose.      The-i;    wi-j 
niilU  \\cjv  -^i  an  i',  anil    oi  t  (Mi  '  i!'  a  ua\  :    but   u!  • 
ucre    pro.  ureii.    tin  \     urn-    pmncii    I"    tuo    .  ;,,,.    j    ,  , 
xtnii-h:  l.l.n  k.  :he  lar-rr  ,-n.l  ..I    «l:ii  h  pn.,,-,  t,  ,i     ,-„,-;•   , 
h,i\  in  4  an  iiu  li  hole    thro;;-  ii  i1.      Tin-.  <  ro-,^  ],;c(  ••    \\  :  -  .   : 


tin-  proH-i  tin^    mil  i)i    'hr  F-i.ittiMi    llticil  o\,  r  .1  \\  <  ,  .,':•  n    j.  .;.  i 
i!oor  janil).  -!.ii)'i:n_;    upright,  .unl    >!:ppi,nl  the  hook.       \    •• 

i>\     ulr.i  !:    ;hi-    i.  !'•  ',    u.i--    I'ai^nl    !".:,t..::_     thi'o'i^i.    .1     -:n. 
1  1  a  n  L;  :  1  1  u    i  !  i  n\  n  o  :  1  1  -  a  1  1  •  .  .n\<\  \\\c  >  \  o  i  <  r  \\.ij-  i  !  o  n  i  •  .        I  i  i  i  •  :  i  •   \\  .  i  > 
In-  h  .  i  i  !  1  1  1  r  '  !  H  -    \s  i  ;  ',  i  i  o  u  .  .  1  1  ;  i  i  !  o  r  !  h  t  •   u  a  n  t  o  <    ;  t  a  p  :  r  i  <  •  o  :    p 
•  •VIM"  'hi.-    hoi.-    1(M   li^ht    iMii-M^h    tlii'oiiuli    to  -~cc   !i\.  r-j»<-<  :al 
I  >.ip<.-r  u  a-  L'rca-ril. 

It  I'd  |'i;ia-ii  i  on-,ii!(M\il)lr  nu-i  hanical  >k;il  to  make  a  ^oo( 
lioor.  I  he  1  1'  1:1  1  In  -oil  -•  \VIM'C  --pi;;  out  oi  -;i-a;^l:r  oak  lo_> 
A.I  h  a  l)i  o  1  1  !  a  \r  oil  >  uu-  >:•  !<•.  lliiMi  -po;  <.,-,  \  on  thr  •  •'.  :I  =  M'  to 
tlic  >!<-t-prr-  liclou.  \H  thi-  rci|iiircil  a  kno\\  Ii-4^ 
iu'oai!  a\i-.  anil  --onir  help.  |-oi-  \\,anl  o|  r;lhrr  <  >'  ihr^.-.  . 
AMS  ni.nK-  ii\  ;'i',!in_  -ip  the  bottom.  a>  h;_:l;  a>  tin-  :o\\(-r  iV-i,- 
anil  to  make  a  _;oo<|  o;n-  the  <  !a\  \\a^  mi\i  i';  with  u  i;e.v  a;.> 
hor>e  h-i!  thro'i^'n  ,  ;  tor  hoMr-  at  a  time,  to  tram^  :''.e  <  '.  a\  . 
a:nl  \\heii  t!,1;-  prepareii  ;t  \\  a  poiinileil  \\  -'.]•.  a  p.' 

e'leii    i;p    to    -.•;/.         'I   he    .    hl\     !loi  T    \\    !-     th'>    e\  ,   : 


\o\\    ';       .    i  •  •     \\  ,  •    .  omp;.-te,i.   an.! 

LIIOI!    .1!!.;    a-    •      e!;'.  ,;',',',       .  .     .•;,-;  ,,-;•,.!    ' 

I  'here    u  i  --    i;'-i:t    a    n  i : I     .1,     i  he    vvhoj, 
piniieil  a_;a;ii  -t  otic  oi  th-    ;o.,;-,  hrM  the 
tor  u  -  e  at   a  m  o  1 1 1  ( M 1 1 '  •>    u  a  i  1 1 ;  n  _; .  a  1 1  • !    a  .  \\ 
!  he  (  abin  \va>  ne\  ei   \  er\    h.:_ 


IcS8  HISTORY    01      SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

The  furniture  of  the  cabin  was  of  the  same  rustic  character.  There 
were  no  larue  warehouses  of  ready  made  cabinet-ware  in  those  days. 
Pieces  of  puncheon  furnished  with  lei;s  made  i^ood  stools,  and  supplied 
the  want  of  chairs.  A  similar  piece,  only  larger  and  with  longer  lei^s. 
made  a  very  i;'ood.  substantial  table.  Bedsteads  were  olten  made  with 
but  one  post.  "How  can  that  be  done?"  you  ask.  A  two  inch  au^ur 
hole  was  bored  into  a  lo^  as  hi^'h  as  the  bedstead  was  to  be  trom  the 
floor,  and  as  lar  from  the  corner  as  the  width  of  the  bed:  then  a  simi- 
lar hole  was  bored  in  another  lo^  as  tar  Irom  the  same  corner  as  the 
length  of  the  bed.  Poles  were  then  driven  into  these  holes,  and  at  the 
point  where  these  crossed  each  other  they  were  cut  oil.  and  the  ends 
driven  into  two  holes,  which  were  bored  in  a  post  at  the  same  hei^hth 
from  the  tloor  as  the  holes  in  the  lo^s.  The  bottom  ot  the  bed  was  made 
of  basswood  bark  twisted  and  run  over  the  poles  and  IOLJS.  the  straps 
(Tossing  each  other  at  ri^ht  angles.  This  was  not  a  patent  spring  bot 
torn,  but  answered  the  same  purpose.  Small  pins  driven  into  the  joints 
held  up  the  bed  curtain  which  had  been  brought  from  home.  Thus 
the  cabin,  with  its  laru'e  fire-place  and  crackling  fire,  be.^an  to  assume 
an  air  of  rural  comfort  and  co/iness  that  could  only  be  reali/ed  in  the 
cabin  ai,re. 

The  table  furniture  was  generally  of  tin  or  pewter.  (Jueens-ware  or 
china-ware  were  not  only  expensive,  but  heavy  and  unsate  to  take 
aloni;  on  the  journey.  The  cooking  utensils  were  equally  as  simple 
and  practicable.  A  'tea  kettle.  Dutch  oven,  coffee  pot  and  skillet: 
sometimes,  a  retlector  to  bake  in.  <  onstituted  the  most  essi-ntial  articles. 
The  handle  of  the  skilKt  had  to  be  very  IOHL;  to  enable  the  cook  to  use 
it  willuiut  ^etlinu  too  close  to  the  tire.  Very  olten,  the  end  ot  the 
handle  was  held  up  by  a  string  suspended  Irmn  a  lo^  in  the  ceiling, 
sshi<  h  was  very  convenient.  Pins  driven  into  the  h>^s.  with  boards 
laid  mi  top.  torined  convenient  shelves,  and  everything  was  made  as 
hands  and  convenient  as  could  be. 

The  trees  near  the  cabin  svere  nosv  brought  dosvn  and  burnt  up.  to 
start  a  i  learini;  and  open  a  patch  for  corn  and  vegetables.  The  patch 
svas  em  losed  with  a  rail  or  brush  fence,  and  those  who  knesv  the  use  o| 
:  .  '  ,'ed  :n  clo\'er  when  thes  ssere  fit  tor  use.  A  very  excel 
ake  svas  made  from  corn  that  was  a  little  too  hard  tor  roasting 
about  thi-  manner:  A  piece  of  tin,  perforated  Irom  one  side, 
a  prater.  The  corn  in  the  ear  was  rubbed  os  er  that,  and  a  solt 
-<•'  '  h.  mixed  svith  an  eu'.i;  and  a  little  salt,  made  a  very 

L; :  •    ik  •.      I1  wa>  baked  in  a  skillet,  generally,  but    often  on  the   back 

of  a  sho\<    .   ,       In  rl    •  lean,  and    set    up    before    the    lire    at    an  an^le  of 


IM'II  1'lNi.        !M  -1  \N     li  \]::  I  »-    Mill 


I  S0 


.\!!c!'\\  .inl-.  ulicn  ]>•  n|.|r  i  m:M    .ttl"i'ii    thi-     \;^  : 
'»t    \"^^  hrwni  "ii  t\vti    side--      n!!rn    niic    .nui    '-:.'• 
'torio    lii.^li.      \\hni    wh;tc\v.i>hfil    mi    the    i':"-.'i 
•  K\inl\    ami  i  i  >in'.'<  >r!  .il  i!r. 

It   u.i-    II"    uni  "tii!iii>!i     in  i  !;nvni  r    wi'li     ;•<  .ij.'. 
;ra;l>    '>:    hiii:  in--,  in  h,i\c  .1  numi'iT  M;    ;;;•  ••-<•   !!••: 
«  .iliiii  .ir.'!  i.i\    .iron  ml    the    ;:rr  all    n  !_!;'.       I  !:t-\    vs 
.ui\   b.uur  '»:    thr  ni^lit.  wiihnut  niakiiu  any  :;•',-•. 
whr;i  tlii-  ;tiiiiatf->  ill    tin-    IH>M-,^    auokr.  tin'\   t>i  ::i' 
.t-ii-i-ji  .HI  ;lii.-  i!i>i>r.  \vitli  tlu-ir    li-ct    in\\anN    tin-    f 
was  si  aj-,  ,-]\   (-\  rr  IDI  knl.  ainl  thr  Indians    nr\  rr  I 
kinii  k:n_:    at  a  dm  r    tu    l>r    .illnwrd    adiiiittaiii  r. 
!ra\r  tlinr   i  ali:n    ut    r\cn;nus    m    tlir    i  acr    ''!    th 
with  a  >:<  k  iiriuhiim'  s,,uir  miles  auay.  \v!irn   Indi 
a    night's   linl-inj.    s',a\    all    ni^ht.    and    -<>   a\\a\ 
distu  rliin^  an  \  :  h  i  ni;. 

Mmiritu  mills  wrrr  si  arrr,  and  nt'trn  far  "II. 
Micsr  use  Mil  s!r;;i  tiiri-s  >|,ri;n_;  into  r\;-!nu  r  a! 
I  1  mil  \  <  n  .-K  .  !>::'.  r\  t-n  !  lu  n.  \\  In  -n  a  ma  ;i  h  id  ::  • 
:..  .-vprrirn.  ,-  tin-  trmi!,',,-  ..|  mlm  in-  :.'-  .  ..r:i  i:i? 
Thr  rm-n  did  P.i.t  rt  as  h  ird  ihrti  a  ..'A 


I()O  II 

cakes.  \\hile  ilu-  coarser    part  was  the   homim.      Funning  the  hominy  a 
l;;tle  while  in  a  tin  nan.  drove  all  (lie  shells  out  of  it. 

\  very  good  hominy  was  also  made  withotit  pounding  it.  by  soaking 
the  <  om  a  da\  or  two  in  strong  lye  made  ol  wooci  ashes.  'I'his  loosened 
the  shell,  and  softened  the  hard  part  of  the  grain.  Th'.1  lye  being 
poured  oil  and  the  corn  soaked  again  in  tre-di  water  tor  awhile,  would 
-\\eil  \ery  large,  and  lose  the  taste  of  the  lye.  and  when  boiled  soli 
made  \  erv  goi  }<\  In  nniny. 

>omc  ol  the  settlers  who  had  ingenuity  enough,  and  could  Imd  (lag 
>tones  that  answered  the  jMirpose.  constructed  instruments  the\  i  ailed 
"hand  mills."  I.et  me  describe  one  ot  lhe>e,  tor  they  answered  no! 
mily  the  purpose  ol  the  family  that  owned  one.  but  also  that  ot  the 
neighbor-,  round  about,  who  brought  their  corn  already  shelled  to  grind 
it.  \\hen  two  or  three  of  the  neighbors  met  at  the  hand  mill  the  same 
evening,  one  had  to  wait  until  the  other  was  done,  and  it  often  took 
steady  work  until  away  beyond  midnight,  to  grind  corn  enough  tor 
bread  to  last  during  the  next  day: 

It  was  a  very  simple  affair.  Two  stones,  about  twentv  inches  in 
d.iameter.  dressed  round,  formed  the  real  mill.  The  mill  was  erected, 
near  the  chimney  corner.  The  lower  stone  was  made  stationary  on  a 
block:  the  upper  stone,  (ailed  the  runner,  was  turned  by  hand  in  this 
wise:  A  pole  was  iinnlv  fixed  into  a  square  hole  on  the  top,  near  the 
edge.  The  upper  end  ot  the  pole  entered  a  hole  in  a  board,  or  a  log. 
over  head,  loosely.  \  broad  hoop,  made  of  a  clap-board  shaved  thin. 
•>\  as  uxed  around  the  stones  to  keep  them  to  their  places  and  keep  in 
the  i  orn.  <  >:u-  person  \\ould  then  turn  the  stone,  \\hile  the  other  ted 
'he  mill  through  a  hole  in  the  d  "the  e\e."  h  was  hard  and 

-!o\\    ,-.  men    took    "turn    about."       \\hiie    this    work    would 

lake  two    men   t\\o    hours   to    _r:nd    meal    enough  lor  the    tamilv    tor  the 
next  da v.  \    '     '    ,  ii  nt  on  the  hominy  block,  after  all. 

I  he   old    sa\    •  '    "  mother    ot    invention."    never 

wa-   ipp;;i    ,    ,         •  '.-  ri    \sitl:  greater  ion  e  than  in  the  lite  ot    the  pioneer. 
\  -  -  "  MI    ;  -  .  .  v\  heal    i  onld  be  raised,  n< * 

t'Jt'.i-  \\as  -,    i !  ittii  nit  i  o  st  ij-  up  loose  ground 

I!          mall  i  rops  were  ra ised 

: ; . .  ',',  --   or   !  h  i  1 1     poles,   some 
lirpo-,e.         N  ow.    tii     get      !  lie 

(  h  ! :  '          •         '  iiii  iili  v.      \\  hen    the    wind 

wo':!  !  b  ,  -  i;;i !.  and  a  handlul  ol  u  heat. 

•     :     '  :  •  '  '.  \s  a      ailoui  d    to    run    through    the    hand, 


i\i  <>\\  i  NII.N,  i  s   in    rioM  KK    i.n  i 

while    tlu-    wind    blew  the    i  li.ui'  to    one      :•!••      .1    n.it 
The\    had    another    ua\    to  clear.    w!u •  t:  \\\\ 

I  w  •  i  1 1  u  •  1 1  l '  1 1 )  k  !  10  id  Hi    tin-  !  >  » i  r  i  o  i ;  i  ( • 

^trnii^  >ueep,  toward^  ail''1].    :    :.    ::  .  • ': 

dim  tin]),  uhi<  h    ^eparated    :he  <  ':  i;:    :        it:      \\ '      • 

hand>  i  in  t  1 1  .1  M-I  <  i iii !  >!>. i-i-;    ].:  •  >\  .>  :i  > ;  : •  >  •          .    • . ..     . 

\\  .1--  i  lr.ni  ui_;   \\  hf.it    ;!)   .1  i  .uni. 

\  df^i  ri[itinn  i't'  tlu-  ditti<  ultif-  ;:i  ji.-tt:!i 
i-  _::\fti  in  a  tiiniHT    i  h.ij.trr.  .Hi'!   :'   i-      :.'.\    in ••  ••    >,rr. 
that  inci  >n\  f  n;f  nrf  ua-.  a  \  cr\    .,r!H-!'al  'Mif. 

I'Xi  f;.tin_  i  asf>  n|  sirkiu--^.  the  hardi  ^;  par:  «\  \ 
(  •  'in  n  if  in  'cin  fin  lit  it.  and  m>  iff  ->i  >.  i  >t  f  i  i.iilx .  \\  .  t ! 
hiTf  withmii  a  ^Dud  |n-f jiaratimi  lor  tin  ta> 
•-arily  rri|uii'f.  li  a  man  liad  nnnify  iMi 
Nfttlfiiu  nt>  and  buy  tor  lutn^clt  a  \oki  nt  u\rii.  lu-  ua>  i  i  in--.df  red  a 
•'inadf  man."  Tin  )-,<.•  that  had  no  tf.ini  at  all.  wc-n-  dooim-d  to  dfju-nd 
upon  those  that  had.  to  m~t  tlu-ir  lo^-in.;  donr.  their  iniiliiu'.  tlu-ir 
plowing,  and  otliL'r  teain  work.  lh;^  wa>  atti'iided  uit 
ircquent  disappointiiKMits,  and  main  other  in<  oiiveim-m  f^.  a>  may  well 
he  ^ujiposed.  and  ne<  f->->anl\'  made  pro^ri1^^  r\<  ffd'.n.;i\  -!o\\.  llor>c-N 
were  aUo  a  rarity.  (Ken  i!id  nearly  all  the  uork  a  team  had  to  do. 
and  were,  ;n  ta<  t.  better  adapted  tor  sin  h  u>e  then  than  horse^  1'eople 
that  had  oxen  ,ind  a  wa_;on  attended  i  hnreh  in  ->t\le.  o;her>  h.iii  to 
walk. 

[•or  want  <>!   <  iuiri  he^.  reliu'ion^    -»er\  u  e--    ; •  «  <k    plai  e  ^:  ; 
Collie    >ettler.  and  it  made  \cr\    little    ditt'ereiii  i    u  hat    i  hi  •  -:  ..!•;    •:•::•' 
nation  the  prea<  her  beion-ed  to.  tor  the    :•••.. pie  ,\.>  ;;,i    .,:•,•  ;.,;    , 

i !  U     \s   IV.        The     Bailie     11  r  1 !  H .  1 1 1 !  V     <  i !     !  e  e  i  ,  :  i  _     \\  .  i  -      ,',    • ' 


or  rope,  ;    from    atnbodv.      It  i-  to 
frontier  sot  ,elv  did  not  l.ve  to  reai  ii 


i<;2  HISTORY  01    sKNi-XA  COUNTY. 

It  should  not  be  forgotten  that  there  were  no  bridges  across  the 
streams  in  those  days,  and  people  found  their  way  out  to  some  open 
road,  or  to  a  neighbor,  by  following  bla/ed  trees;  that  it  was  then 
necessary  to  wade  through  swamps,  climb  over,  or  walk  along  on  logs. 
Men  did  not  wear  polished  boots,  and  with  such  as  they  had.  could 
well  make  their  way  to  meeting  on  Sunday,  lint  ladies  without  horses 
to  ride,  and  no  team  of  any  kind,  had  to  get  to  church  as  best  they 
could  —  for  go.  they  would.  And  it  was  also  regarded  as  perfectly  in 
order  to  see  girls  carry  their  shoes  and  stockings  in  their  hands,  wade 
through  the  water,  and  after  walking  several  miles  through  the  woods, 
when  near  the  meeting  house,  sit  down  in  a  fence  corner,  or  behind  a 
big  tree,  and  put  oil  their  shoes  and  stockings. 

Alter,  the  meeting  was  over,  they  took  them  off  again,  and  walked 
home  barefooted,  in  the  way  they  came.  Sometimes  a  beau  was  polite 
enough  to  carry  the  shoes  and  stockings  to  the  house,  and  thus  embrace 
the  opportunity  to  see  "the  old  man." 

The  girls  were  as  pretty,  in  their  log  cabins,  as  ours  are  now  in  their 
drawing-rooms,  and  equally  as  virtuous,  and  possessed  of  as  much  true 
womanhood  as  now.  to  say  the  least.  The  trails  of  their  dresses  were 
not  as  long  as  they  are  worn  now,  and  perhaps  the  texture  was  not  so 
line,  but  they  looked  the  very  picture  of  he.alth  and  beauty  in  their 
linsey-w'oolsev,  and  other  home-made  flannels:  and  if  you  married  one 
of  these  girls,  you  had  a  wife  in  the  fullest  sense  of  the  term,  and  a 
companion  for  life  that  would  stand  by  you,  come  what  would.  It  was 
not  necessary,  then,  to  hire  a  (ierman  or  Irish  chamber-maid  to  fan 
\oiir  frontier  bride  while  she.  seated  in  a  rocking-chair,  played  her 
guitar,  or  hold  up  her  trail  as  she  stepped  into  her  carriage.  And 
tlu-re  was  no  need  of  a  French  cook,  chamber-maid,  and  a  laundry- 
girl  -making  three — to  wait  upon  the  bride.  These  hangers-on  were 
all  dispensed  with.  The  kitchen,  the  parlor,  the  wash-room  and  the 
drawing  room  were  all  in  the  same  room,  and  tin1  lire  in  the  big  fire 
]  ihu  e  wannei  i  them  all. 

<  ' on rt ships  among  \  oimg  people  had  their  in<  onveniences,  very  true, 
bu;  d  hi  re  siancly  ever  out  of  their  mothers"  sight,  and  at 

lln-;r  -MI  •  ,  old  and  young  commingled  together. 

\\  h  ••  •  ;:i~!-  had  n-  rough  sides,  and  its  depri\  atiolis,  it  must 

•in.  t  hat  it  \vas  a  dark  and  gloomy  life. 
There  is  a  <  ertain  pcculia  r  pleasure 
•  indes.  ribable.  ( 'hopping  in  the  woods, 
ijis.  wife  and  children  joining  in  the  \\ork; 
lon/st:  fishing  and  hunting:  the  relief 


•'  1  HI      \.\Y  I:     IN      I  III      U  ...  >|>N     I  i  iR     MJ   '' 

from  the  restraints  and  r  onvnitionalilirs  of  refined  si><  ut\  ;  the-  h 
for  future  prosperity:  ol  nearer  ne;.J.'  «  >:  ••>.  •  •!  ln-;t<-r  r»ad>  and  in. irk 
of  bridges,  s;,>ek  ^  row  in.:.  fields  i-nl.ir^i!:^.  -'>iis  and  da':_hters  _'!••« 
into  usefulness.-  these  .tin!  a  thousand  and  M-;,-  nthrr  ;m  :d<-nts  m 
••;!ic  lite  in  the  woods"  wondertu'.h  iaM  ;p..r  :n_:.  .in«l  <  re.i'.ed  .iro'.iu 
a  halo  id  ino^t  peculiar  lia]/pini-»  ami  io\  clim->-  Anv  >nr\':\or 
that  urnrrat ;« >\\  ot  nu'!i.  w;ll  no\\  c\(  Linn,  \\iirn  ri'<  •irr.n.;  t'i  til 
i!.i\^:  "Thr  !:!'•  in  the  womi-,  tor  mr" 

1  here  \va>  no  terror  in  tlu-  lio\\Iin-  ui    t!x-  \\::i:r\  !•  .t-t  \\!ii-ii  tlu 
cli-arin_;  b.a'l  jrown    lar_re    enough  to  |.re\eijfi    the    t;<-   -    'r'>:ii  tai'.in.; 
tin-   (  ahin.       Ih.e    tatniiv.    ^nu^U    luiki-il    a\\a\    in    \\.--.r    ^.i::-. 
tin'  little  i  ahin.  lit  u]'  iroin  the    \>i^  lire  jiLu  e.  \\t-re  i.-t  ai.i:.'\n:  \>\ 
ho\vliii_:,  \\h>tLn^    anil    whining  oi    the    \\iinU    in    the    tr«-e  •••;  -.  :,>.r 
the    i  ra-!ii!._;    of  Itreakin^    linil».  ami    the    '.hnii'li-ri.i;.:- ••:    a    i-:^.  tail 
tree.       It   is  \vrv  true,  th.r    -oine    oi    u-,    uh.i    h.ni    tn    - 
toinnl    "iir  -hoe>.  si,  M  kin ^-    ,i!nl.  in  :a<  !.  ail  "  i'ir    '  !"•  l:i  -.  e\  e::  <  .Mr  \< 
(  lothr^.  <  overeii  li\   a  !>ei|  (it    siiiiu,  \\*l;cii  \\  e  \\ak'-<i  ",:•  in  the   M.i'n;: 
l"c  >r    ;1ie>e    i  Lip  lioani    !'•  u  >'.^    w.  mid 

\\nndi-rfu!    t'.n  iK:\.  e-|<ei  ia'ih    win  n    the  uim!    i>!eu    w.th     .'.       I'eit   :'  ' 
the  wni'k  oi    ,1    moment    to    -.hake    the    MIO\\     ;r«>:i!      >:'.\'    <  lothi--.  a::d 
d'>wn   the  Li'lder  to  the   lire   pl.n  e,  uh.ere  the\    >ooii   •i:'^-,!. 

I'he^e    lire   p'.aee--   Wi-J'e    _;ene!\ii!\     \rl\     >]>ai   .'i'>.    ,  ,i  i  -;i.\    ;^    r.e.li"'\ 
u  h  o  1 1  •    e ;  i  d  o  i    'he    i  a !  i :  1 1 .  1 1  •  a  \  : ! ;  _    i ;  i  - '    r  o  <  >  1 1 1    e  1 1  <•  • !  L;  1 1    ;  •  •  r  a  '. .  •.  < :  • ':  •  r  t  •  < 
a'ot't    on    one    -:de.  and    lor  a  i  uplio.ird    on    the    '•:::(•!.        1  ': 
aliont   six    tee:    ;..!;j.  and  tuo  or  three    :•  .  :   in  d:.i!i.i  '.«  r.    :    _:••<  :-.  :  is 
l-iiiLi''!'  'h  i';  a  dr\    >t:i  i..  o!    <  citirse.  liif!   ;1   a;\\  i\-~  <\  -••:^.;: 

hand  M':k---.  and  wh,  n    :M  ;•>    ].'.  i,  .'-•    >  u.i-     ..-        .i>\    m  i"    :     : 


'94  HISTORY    OK    SKXKCA    COTNTY. 

wheels.  Linen  war])  and  woolen  filling  made  linsey-woolsey.  This 
made  dresses  for  women  and  children,  and  wampuses  for  the  men  to 
work  in.  1'cople  now  dressed  more  comfortably.  An  overcoat  of 
home-made  cloth,  with  a  double  cape,  was  very  becoming  to  the  back- 
woodsman in  his  wolf-skin  cap.  Many  of  the  long  winter  evenings 
were  spent  in  spinning  wool  and  flax,  some  using  the  reel,  some  the 
swift,  while  the  men  made  hickory  brooms  or  axe-handles.  Kvery  one 
was  employed  until  bed-time.  The  little  cabin  looked  like  a  bee-hive 
on  a  large  scale. 

These  pages  are  not  intended  as  a  criticism  on  anybody,  or  anything. 
Their  object  is  merely  to  preserve,  from  oblivion,  scenes  and  incidents 
that  accompanied  the  time  and  the  circumstances  in  and  under  which 
this  beatiful  patch  of  country,  we  love  to  call  "Old  Seneca,"  com- 
menced to  be  opened  to  civili/ation,  and  the  memory  of  that  noble, 
heroic  class  of  men  and  women  who  devoted  their  lives  to  the  task, 
and  who  are  fast  passing  away. 

It  is  questionable,  however,  wlvether  the'  present  generation  is  pos- 
sessed ot  the  gratitude,  love  and  veneration  properly  due  to  its  pioneer 
friends,  for  what  they  did  and  endured  to  make  Seneca  county  what  it 
is.  Perhaps  there  is  not  as  much  of  that  filial  love,  affection,  veneration 
and  esteem  due  from  the  child  to  the  parent,  shed  abroad  throughout 
society  as  there  should  be.  llovs  talk  of  the  time  when  they  shall  be 
nventv  one  years  old  and  then  be  their  own  masters — independent, 
tree  to  do  tor  themselves,  under  obligation  to  nobody.  They  call  the 
father  "the  old  man."  the  mother  "the  old  woman." 

It  Bounds  so  cold  and  so  hard,  so  distant  and  so  void  of  love,  and 
-eems  to  ignore  everything  the  honored  parents  did  to  make  "Young 
\merica"  to  lie  a  man.  There  is  no  duty  that  love  enjoins  upon  the 
human  heart,  more  sacred,  next  to  the  love  of  (iod.  than  the  filial  love 
:  ml  ilfe<  tii  MI  a  i  hiid  i  iwes  it  -  parents. 

1 1"  this  j>  ,i  world  of  i  iM-e  and  effect,  it  car,  scarcely  be  presumed 
'h:it  :i  violation  oi"  t)ii>  law  is  not  followed  bv  the  penalty. 

,\  ^ood   Morv  is  told  of  ,1  man  who    had  an  old  father  living  with  him 

..'io  \\ ,! s  ner\  o'i s.  and  trembl iiiLj  with  a^e.      I  I  is  wile  was  a  vcrv  <  leanly 

•  •'   •'.•'.\    uoin.in.      The    old    lather    often    spilled    his    food  on  the    table 

'!  .    .:.'!    the-,    mad'-    him    sii  at  a  small    table    in  a  corner,  bv  himself. 

oci  ,is;onall\    broke  a  dish,  being    unable    to   control    his 

1  i  '   ink  an  ax.'  and  i  hopped  at  a  block,  making  a  little 

•:  r;_'-  l.o\.  by  his    sid-1.  asked    him  what    he  was    making. 

ii'l  • '.  'i  that  he  wa--   "making  a  trough  for  grand-pap 


t"  t-at  out  'it'."  This  an-w-.-r  p'lt  tlu  li'tie  fellow  into 
alter  a\\hi!e  he  looked  up  and  s.i;il  '."  s  :  r.h  :r  "I' 
old  man.  I  will  make  a  ;  r<  >•:_;!>  !•  >r  \  •  •  ;.  v\  •  .:.  '  I  -  ' 
li!>  a\«  .  t-M.k  tlu-  little  leiitiw  !>y  t!1.'-  ii.i'i'i.  ,lii-i  u.rk'-' 

\\'lic;i    I    -ee    N'DMII^    .\IIUT:«  .1    ''.r:\in_    !ii- 
•i].li-n-li.l  l.u^y.  with  Mlver  jM.i:e.!  !i.i:-      -.  in-  ;, 

Krd   h.iil   way  'i|i,  !:•  ildiii^'  the-   lille->  ill   !'..>  k.'  i   _!•''.•  d   !: 
!•  irty  iin  the  jil.ink"  over  r>  iad->  that  hi>  "M  ;.i'. :i •, -;  MI.C  i 
!'>rc>t.  chi'j,|  ,;;i^    d.iun    the    tree-.  <  'it::;,.,  tliriii    int-i 
them    .i\va\    with  .1  yoke    '  >l    u\en,  ID  en,i!>!       h.!:n    l«>   - 
•o.i!M|>^  :  then  wa:t  a  i<  >n_  tune  lieli  u  e  t  he  ^!".  :n[»  dn  .i\ 
(otilil  he  draw:i  to  -rade  the  road  and  let  '.h<- water  r' 
like  'ii  tell  the  \'(>'in_;    man  lo  »innct:iiie-.    :;.,nk  <>\    '.  lu- 
1   see    "N'li'.in^  America"    -taniiinu  at  the    i  'irner-  •'!    ^ 
nil  el\    ['oli-hcd.  fine    brn.idrl'ith    ->uit,  l"i;ie     .;.!k    hat    - 
walkin^  <  ane    "t"  the    latent    -tyle.  with  a  i  :^  ir    -rii  k 
an^ie  «\    inrty  t"i\e  de,ree>.  -    tho'i-h  V.l  t'lis  ma\   lie  \ 
nn  i-~t  kindly  \\  lumper  into  t  h.  e  ear  <>\    m  \   \  0:111  _;  iriend  '. 
h:>  honored  lather,  who.  in  his  huiie-i  home  -;..•::..  u  . 
bout-,   worki-d    hard   all    hi-    lite.   -tnuJ'M.,    .!_a:;.--    ; 
and  all  other  hardships  that  lu-loii-ed  to  pioneer  i.!e. 
'I'l'ie    reading  of  :!K-    history  of  niie's    <  o-i:;try  -h  >-:'. 
patrio;;e    pride.      \\h\     -honld    it    no:    .tls>i    -::m  ;'..'( 
higher  veneration  for  the  fatliers  and  :.io:ln-r-  •' 


CHAPTER    XIII. 

GOVERNOR   EDWARD  TIFFIN— A  BIOGRAPHY. 


IT    IS   SAID   that   (iovernor  Tiffin,   of  ('hiliicothe.   was   a   particular 
friend   of  Mr.   losiah    Hedges,  at   the    time   the   latter   laid   out    and 
platted  Tiffin,  and  for  that  reason    nanud  his  town  alter  his  Iriend. 

There  are  so  many  incidents  and  historic  events  interwoven  with  the 
life  and  public  services  of  ( Iovernor  Tittin.  and,  there  is  so  much  beaut}' 
in  his  private  life  and  character,  that  to  withhold  them  from  the  reader 
seemed  wrong  to  the  writer,  especiallv  after  so  much  research  and  unex- 
pected success  in  securing  the  material.  Some  may  be  glad  to  preserve 
a  memoir  of  the  distinguished  and  illustrious  pioneer  alter  whom  the 
capital  ol  our  county  is  named. 

The  peculiar  traits  of  character  of  Doctor  Tiffin,  as  a  leading  man  in 
his  da}',  associated,  as  he  was  in  his  public  life,  with  men  of  strong 
minds  and  remarkable  ability,  tended  largely  in  starting  our  noble  state 
on  he!  proud  career.  The  old  "Uuckeye  state"  was  especial!}'  lavored 
in  being  led  into  the  constellation  of  this  union  of  states  by  the  hands 
oi  siir  h  distinguished  patriots  and  statesmen  as  met  in  the  territorial 
legislature  in  ( 'incinnati.  and  in  the  first  constitutional  <  onvention.  in 
('hiliicothe.  from  i  ;<;X  to  1X05.  and  after.  The}'  stamped  their  own 
iniii\  idu.dity  upon  their  time,  directed  the  firs!,  infant'lc  >teps  and 
determined  the  destiny,  of  llie  young  and  growing  state. 

There    are    thr--e   daughters   of  (iovernor   Tiilin    still    living—two    in 

<   !i  i  1 :  p  '  > j  i  H  •    ,  ;  i '  1    one    ;  1 1    ('iiH  i  n  n  a  1 1 .   as    the    I  o  1 1  o  w  i  n  g    <  \  o <  <  i  m  e n  t  s    will 

sh-  i\v.       I  ii''  '•  :;••'•-  at,ne\ed  prove  the  kind  ties-  licit  the  family  of  Tittin 

:  ; '.  '  •    :  i ! ' '  •  ri  i  •  1 1    i  r  o  m  their    1 1  o  n  o  r  <  d    I  a  t  h  <  r .  and  1 1 1  e  i  r    readiness 

•  •  ••  :;.:•    \\ork  «',    uiving  '«  the    reailers  oi'  iln-s.;    pages  a  faithful 

M  ;.ni!  i  'iai\n  :--r  o|    (  lo\  eni'  •  ;•  Tittin. 

M  ••  -.   I  .   R.   I  >r<  sb  e  h.   of   'I'iflin.    and    being 
1         i  e  •_:  \  > .      ',  i  n  L;    in    ( '  i  n  c  i  n  n  a  1  i .    w  a  s  a  d  i  s  l  a  n  1 


l:li  u.k.M'IIY     Ml      t..i\IKN<>K      II!  I  IN.  K,- 

»    I  Ni    I  \  S  \  I  I  .  .lahu.ll  \    '_'!  .    I  -^' 

M  <>    1  >i   \i:  *•>!  i:  : 

Yum  >  of  the   ITtli  hist,  received.      I  cn.-li  .-.•  ,1  !iifiii"ii   nf  <  n-\  ei  n«'i   Till'm 

unttenin  I-'.'.'.      'I'ltf  preface  explain-  il.       I  had  intended  u  i  M  im:  ;i  fuller 
account  i't    hi-  di-t  m_;iii-hcd  career.  I'lil  -eem  never  t»  iind  tin-  tune. 

Tli'1  t  i  '  >\  eriior  \\a-  ;i  !ii;in  of  niei  !  i  n  in  -!;ilii!r.  da:k  chi-MuM  h.ni.  deep 
I  -I  in-  e\  e-.  ;i  |'ii  iv  t  \  |  T  <  '  I  Kn-_:!  i-h  feai  :  i  c^  and  ra:  hei  ;!»:  id  r.  .nipN-x  \<  >n.  \  <•;  \ 
.  i  c  •  1  1  \  i  •  in  1  1  1  1  •  \  '  •  1  1  1  <  •  i  :  I  -^  ;iin!  1  1  1  1  i  i  •  k  iii  }\\^  1  1  1  1  •  1  1  !  .  1  1  ;  1  1  •  t  i  "  1  1  -v 

1  -.h;i!l  In-  '_r!,ii!  !n  ;in-'\\iT  ;in\  Inrlli'-r  i|in->I  ii>n^.  I  ;tm  j'li-,k--i-il  I"  -.i-i-  \niir 
fll'.irt  t"  il<>  ju>tirc  tn  the  imlil''  |iiniifcr  rare. 

\'i-r\   i;.-s|,.-rnii!]\  . 

\\  .  LAN...  K-...  (.(,((  iMl-j,  V>.. 


YIHII  --  of  i  In-  -Ji'd  in>l  .  i>  received.  I  i"\  .  TiMin  li;id  ii»  chiMivii  \<\  lii«.  [ir-t 
uil'e;  |i\  tlie  second  li\  e  i  Hie  M  m  alld  t'<  >l  1  1'  dailu'llt  er->.  Till  '•'•..  I  Ih.  •  latter 

are  li\  niur.  \  i/:  Mi-.  M.  Scot!  Conk.  Mr.  Cook  i>  tin-  iinrh-u!'  Mi-^  I  'i  .-nl.-iit 
IIa\e>  .  Mi-~>  l>ialhea  Madi-t>ii  '1'iilin.  in'ili  iv-i'lmu  in  (  'liillicni  he.  .ind  Mi->. 
<  'miieuf>  >.  \\  it''1  «•!'  I  >r.  '  'i>ni'-ur>  >.  "f  <  'i  in-ill  na!  i.  'I'lie  .  .Ide->J  dau^'liii-i  i-  dead. 

S||e     \\a>    the     Wife    "f    .l.'-e|.||     1  1<  '  \  1  1-  'id  -  .     KM|..    i'f     I'l'liaiia.    (Hli«..          !ll>    un!\ 

^mi.  Kduard.  \\a-  killed  in  l-^Vl  }<\  an  accidenl  mi  ihe  Krie  Kaiiinad  at  ^'"ii- 
l\ei  ->.  \  .  Y  .  II'  \\  a>  a  \  <  'iinu'  |>li\  ^iciaii.and  i  et  m  ninur  t  i"in  I  'an^.  \\  !.i-ie  In- 

had    I  ice!;    !''  --~  id  1  1  1  LI'   l'"l"  t  \\  "   \  ea  I  ^    l'i  'I'   1  1  led  h  M!    M|  i-,(  •  [  \  a  1  i"!l  . 

I  \\~\ll  \\iite  \"  Mi--  Ti;lin.  \\lin.  I  hupe.  can  luini-h  \nii  \\iili  a  Meel  en- 
'_rra\iiiL;  "1  her  t'ather'-.  lace.  I  Inipc.  a!->".  ihal  -he  \\iil  In-  al'le  !«'  !;nni--h 
\  i  >n  \\  it  h  a  ei  i|i\  .  if  (  leiieral  \\'a-!i  i  ii1^;  "iT^  letter,  ml  i  <  >d  \\t-\  \t^  \IHIIIL:  'i'l'lin  !•• 

I  tn\  el'lti  '1'    •>:  .    (  'iair.  ^    '  'ill  -.     IJe-l'ei    I  t  lll|\  . 

\\  .   I.  \\>..   I.-;.  »  .  (,.  t  (l\!  I  ,(,  ^  -. 


,'e,S  HISioKY    01-     SKNF.CA    COUNTY. 

with  a  kuo\\  ledue  of  law  resulting  from  close  application  for  a  considerable 
time.  will.  I  hope.  jiistif\  the  lil>ert\  1  now  take  in  recommending  him  to 
\oiir  attention  :  re^ardinu;  with  due  attention  the  delicacy  as  well  as  import- 
ance of  the  character  in  \\hich  I  act  I  am  sure  you  will  do  me  the  justice 
to  heiie\e  thai  nolhiiiL';  hut  a  knowledge  of  the  irent  lema P 's  merits,  founded 
upon  a  lonu'  acquaintance,  could  ha\e  induced  me  to  IrouMe  \oii  on  this  oc- 
casion. 

With  sincere  \\  ishes  for  \oiir  happiness  and  welfare. 

I  am.  etc.. 

<.KOK(.L  WASHINGTON. 

( io\  .  ^  r  Cl.AlH.  .lanuarx    1.  }~<i~.. 

There  is  no  doubt  but  that  a  knowledge  of  the  fundamental  principles 
of  law  was  a  powerful  factor  in  placing  youn^-  Tittin  ;unonLr  the  first 
stalesineii  of  liis  time,  and  the  wonderful  sagacity  ot  (ien.  \\ashiuLilnn 
<  ompreheuded,  the  man  and  the  pla<  e  uhere  he  mi-ht  be  utili/cd. 


CINCINNATI.  Fehruan n.  IS.MI. 
1  >i:  \i;  Si  i;  : 

Since  I  wrote  \oii  1  have  found  a  letter  addressed  to  me  li\  the  late  Col. 
Allen  Latham,  of  Chillicothe.  written  at  a  time  when  I  thought  |  \\duld 
enlai'n'e  m\  memoir  of  the  old  (.overnor.  I  >ent  the  Colonel  a  cop\  of  my 
nieiiioii-.  and  asked  him  to  write  me  what  he  could  of  hi>  recollections.  It 
harmoiii/.ed  with  m>  statement,  as  \oii  will  see.  and  \oii  \\ill  .^et  a  lietter 
desci-ipt  ion  of  his  person  and  his  gentlemanly  manner-;.  He  lielon.Li'ed  to  the 
old  /•'  </<'//"  of  highly  cult  1 1  red  men. 

I  ha\e  a  ciip\  of  his  first  message  IM  the  Legislature:  also  his  message  in 
reirard  to  the  capture  of  the  Klemierhasset-Jiiirr  expedition.  ;iu,|  1'roideut 
.letter-Mil'^  laudation  of  the  (iovernor's  activity,  etc..  etc.  If  \i.u  desire  to 
u-e  them  in  \otir  narrative.  I  \\ill  send  them  to  \oii. 

(  )ue  of  the  ui"-.t  lloui'isliiii'j."  towns  in  the  slate  hears  Titlin's  name,  and  as 
you  are  aliout  \\  ril  inn'  a  historv  of  the  pioneer  era.  I  fee]  that  \  mi  can  make 
\our  \\  ork  more  at  t  raet  i\  e  hy  such  details,  as  \\  ell  as  honor  a  dist  inuuished 
man  ot  hi- time.  \'er\  Kespectfiillx . 

\V.  LAN*..  Kso.  ('.(,.('( )Ml-](,  Vs. 

[MI    A  i-n  MII\.] 


r..'iward  Tiftin  \\a>  born  in  the  city  of  ('arlisle.  Limland.  |uue 
i  ,.  17'.').  ll;-  parent^  \\cre  in  but  moderate  circumstances,  and  his 
un<  '<-.  I'.ilw  ir<l  J 'ark IT.  itier  whom  he  was  named,  assumed  the  taix*  of 

h    -      . ;  ;.    1 1  ;..[i.       Mr  w;is  fitted   for  the  study  of  niedii  iiie.  Upon  whii  ii   he, 

i    ;'   ;!U    e.irl\    .!_'•;    but    before    he    had    completed    the    <  ourse  he 

(  oimtr\    with    his    parent-   an<l    fami'n.    win  11  ba  rely 

:    ,i_e.    .iP'l    landed    in     New    \  ork.       Ib-    pro*  efded    to 

Phil-id'  ':  :       .   -'.  '  ere  he    followed    the   •  ourse  of  medical    !c<  lures  in  ihe 

I   n:\i.rs!;\   «i  iVnn-vlv.mia.      lie  then  rejoined  his  father's  familv.  who 


j.  ma  >e  i  ii'i    f-  "t      "  ri-\  . 

In  i  7-S,,  lu-  m.irriol   M.irx,  il.i- 
,,!'  C.MVrniMi    \\  ,.--!i:iu:..i!.      >;,,•   v^,i 
•  U-^-rilu-.!    '.\     .111    riniiu-u:    in:;.!-:,  •;    .1-  -..i 
;iii([    l.r.tx  rn'\    nr.n'ii  i'    \\  '  nirj  :i    !        h  I'i    r\  i-r    ::n  ;  .        \ 
h.tp;    i  v   i«r  ];•  .'.  i  !\   ;  \\  m:  \   \  v.n  -. 

Tin-  IP  in  ".-i  i  i|  •:  mi  nuti.--  «  >i    M  :  -.   \\-\<.  r>.  'hf  v  riirr. 
|i,.!,.   k'!Mi>    kin.j.  »t    ('nil  inii.it;.  l!:r">\    nr:i  h 
ihitf-  <<>!!(_  r  ruin  _;  (  io\  .    l'ittin'-<  -i-Mii-im-n'   in  i  i  (:;... 

Tlu-  i>->iK-  "I    l.unl  u.irr.int>  1>\  tin-  -:,i!r  m   \  ir^ini.i 
.ir\   -'  ili  liiM's.  tu  In-  lor.iinl  in   (  )hi<  >.  or  thr    N<  >r:  h\\  r- 
\'ir_inia  h.nl    >  >-<lni  to  tlu-  uriu-r.il    _;.  i\  rninirnt.  ilrru 
I-,,  n    ni"    \  ir^ini.in>    tu    tin',     rr^i'in.        rim'ii.i-    \\IT';. 
u\\:i'-r^    i't    ^i  rip   ,i!i'!    .1    |'.u't\    i't    ^",  i  '.  r\  1  1  1  •-..    U-;i    \  .1. 
.u-ri\  i-d    .1!    (  'hill'n  ntlu-    the    -anir    in«>nth.      'I'i.r    ;..\\ 
••M.i>v.<-\  ilir."  h.i\  ::u    IHTII    l.iid    mil   In    (  Irn.    M  . 
(niii.  lined    ali'iut    i  >nr  h'.UH  Irri  1    c.il.iin-..  .did    'iu-rr  \\  . 
scatirrrd    aliMiit    tin1    ->nn'i  iniid  in^    i  inintrs.       An    i-:i 
hundred   1  :ii  iian->  \\  :i-  ne  i  r  .1!   h.ind.       \\  -  T!  h  ;P_  '  <  >'  •.    • 
s'./i    iiir    hiin-eii    .ind    hi>    1'i'ii'he:    .n   i.i\\.   I  d.  u.ii'd     I 


uind"\\  >  .  ;i  l  he  -••;:  ii 
iii  ,u,d    'l".tnn    \\ere    m 
.is  e-~,  ,ind  ii"!    1'e.n.    .i 

.  the\   deternrned  ift 


200  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

wilderness  through  \vliich  they  moved.  In  about  two  weeks  they 
reached  Pittsburgh,  without  any  accident  by  the  way.  There  they 
embarked  in  "broad  horns"  on  a  full  river,  and  lloated  peacefully  and 
swiftly  on  its  broad  bosom,  swaying  from  shore,  amidst  all  the  strange- 
ness. and  granduer  and  deep  silence  ot  the  wilderness.  They  landed 
at  the  mouth  of  the  Scioto.  where  Portsmouth  now  stands,  and  thence 
took  their  -low  and  tedious  march  through  the  unbroken  and  thick 
forest  of  the  valley  of  the  Scioto.  guided  only  by  the  bla/ed  path  of 
earlier  pioneers. 

On  the  jyth  day  of  April.  179^.  they  at  last  reached  their  destina- 
tion. having  been  more  than  thirty  days  on  the  way.  The  whole 
community  came  out  to  welcome  them,  and  to  assist  in  the  unloading 
of  their  train  and  tin-  care  ot  their  wonderful  stores.  Such  a  cavalcade 
had  never  before  been  seen  :  so  much  refinement,  intelligence  and 
abundant  possessions  of  usetul  and  ornamental  household  goods  had 
never  before  been  found  on  the  frontier.  Worthington  and  Tiffin  were 
both  elected  to  the  territorial  legislature  that  met  in  ('incinnati  in 
1799. 

The  country  was  a  vast  torest.  roamed  over  by  savages  and  wild 
beasts.  The  settlements  were  few  but  rapidly  increasing. 

"I'pon  the  banks  ot  the  Scioto  there  was  a  small  hamlet  of  log 
houses,  beautifully  situated,  which  was  called  (  'hillicothe."  says  another 
w  r  i  t  e  r  . 

Kdward  Tiffin  would  have  made  an  accession  of  value  to  any  settle- 
ment in  the  west.  Here  lie  selected  his  residence.  lie  was  a  man  of 
well  cultivated  mind,  gentlemanly  manners,  a  friendly  -pint.  and  his 
(  ondiict  was  guided,  not  only  \>\  high  morality,  but  b\  true  Christian 
pr'iii  ij'ic-.  lie  immediately  identified  himself  with  his  new  home  and 
it-  enterprising  people.  lie  rapidly  acquired  a  reputation,  not  only  as 
a  ph\si<  ian.  but  also  tor  hi-  virtues  as  a  man. 


im  lemeiii  \   oi    the  weather,  in  lon 


f  the 

membered  that  show  hou  readv 
e-  o]  the  profession  under  sudden 
emerge;  '.i  •  (in  one  <»  <  a-;  on.  while  di-tan'  trom  home,  a  terrible 
ac<idi.nt  mai'.e  :;  mi  e--ar\  that  an  amputation  of  the  leg  .diotiid  be 


KIOCKAI'HY    <>I     laiVIKNoK     Ml  UN.  2~I 

made.  The  I)oetor  was  without  instruments,  ye*,  he  tjiiii  kly  <ontri\ed 
all  that  was  necessary,  pertornied  the  opt  ration  and  saved  the  man's 
lite. 

Thus  he  was  busily  cn^a^cd  until  the  ta!!  oi  17. ,,,.  \'.\\\  i;  i»  very 
evident  that  his  aitive  mind  u.is  taking  a  u  :dt  ran^e  -i:  pub'.ii  at'fa: rs; 
tor  the  people,  re<o^ni/iiiL;  in  him  abilit.es  other  than  j>roii-s-,ii>nal, 
(ailed  upon  him  to  ser\e  them  as  a  i  epi  cseti!at,\  e  in  the  territorial 
legislature,  winch  started  him  on  his  <  areer  in  the  ]••>',  \.<  a!  vsorld. 

That  body  met  in  ('incinnati  on  the  iSth  d.a\  o!  September.  i~<><>. 
when  that  Ltreat  <  ity  was  but  a  <  ollei  tion  oi  lo^  cabins  and  a  tew  small 
inline  houses,  "basking  in  the  sun."  under  the  protei  tion  o!  ;i;e  ^ms  of 
|-'ort  Washington. 

|ud^e  liurnet.  in  his  letters  to  the  <  Mim  Ilistorn  a!  Sot  ;eiy.  >a\'s  of 
the  Ross  t  oimty  delegation,  that  "They  \\ere  no;  e\t  eiletl  in  talent  ar.il 
energy  by  any  other  in  the  territorx.  She  sele<  ted  her  stp>n^<  -;  men  , 
\\orthnmton.  Tittin.  I-'indley  and  I.an^ham  were  ipialitietl  to  exert  an 
intluem  e  in  any  deliberate  bod\  .  and  the\  did  no;  jail  to  cmphn  ;;. 
The\  were  natives  ot  \  ir^inia.  e\i  ept  Tiltm.  uho  \sas  born  in  Kn^'.and 
and.  it  was  said,  t  ame  to  this  country  as  surgeon's  mate  in  the  army  oi 
l>nr^o\'ne.  This  latter  statement,  though  ^em-rails  be!;e\ed.  is  not 
true.  ho\\e\er.  Tittin  \\.ts  but  ele\  en  \eais  old.  u!:en  l'.ur^o\iu-  >ur- 
rendered. 

The  best  proof  of   l>r.  Tittin's   appreciation,  is  .houn 
he    \\.is    unanimously     e!e<  ted    speaker    ot     il:. it     impoii.i;,1  [    august 

botU,  and  retained,  that  position  to  the  end.  ot  ;!.,-  ;,  ;  ;,  rial  ^-nern 
ment. 

lie  frequently,    took  pai  t   in  the  del  Lite-.  ,i:;d  nm:1  i    a"\    e-.,  o-;-; 

tered    lu.l-e    S:ble\  .   of    I  tetroit.   \\  1     •     :     bid.  .      I'-u;  : 

,  ,1m  at.  d     all.l    ab!.      '.aw\.  r.    ai. d     ]  ..  o-     ,,,;,  ,: 

I'ittin    \\  as    an    i ni|-t.;i'>->i^i;tte-d    <  ieiia'  •  •  .    u  !:. 
.i'rli'ij.  r..':.-  •::  h:s  ar_  :-,,,  :.'    .       \l  iv\    >,  .  M- 

t  i,  ,\  :    M  \\ 


232  HISTORY     (>!••    SKNKCA    COt'NTY. 

'orm  a  constitution   tor  the  now  state  to  be  called   Ohio.  Tiffin,  Worth- 
r,,ton  and  Ma-»ie  were  elected  Ironi  Ross  conntv. 

Tin.-  convention  m.i_t  in  CMiillirothe  in  November  following,  and 
I'.dward  Tittin  was  chosen  president.  Here  his  intelligence,  fairness 
and  readiness  in  decision,  united  to  most  courteous  manners,  elevated 
him  so  mnch  in  the  estimation  ot  that  body  of  able  men,  that  he  was 
brought  fnrward.  at  the  conclusion  ot  the  busjncss  belore  the  conven- 
!;on.  as  the  candidate  for  governor.  lie  was  elected  in  Januarv,  180^. 
without  opposition,  receiving  45^5  votes.  In  October,  i.Sos.  he  was 
i.-  elected  unanimously,  receiving  47^  votes.  He  declined  to  be  a 
•  ...ndidate  tor  a  third  term. 

Hi-    state    papers    are    briel.   but    clear    in    their   suggestions    for   the 
rii.ict.ment  of  all  those   measures   that  would   open  roads,  develop  agri 
i  imural  and  mineral  resources,  advance  education,  protect  the  frontier 
and   favor   immigration.     The   highest    proot   ot    his  (qualifications  and 
executive  abilities,  are  his  repeated    unanimous  elections. 

The  most  notable  feature  oi  his  gubernatorial  career  was  the  arrest 
of  the  ISnrr-Pdennerhasset  expedition.  In  the-  latter  part  of  1806. 
Aaron  llurr  collected  numerous  boats  and  quantities  of  stores  in  the 
neighborhood  of  I'dennerhasset  Island,  below  Marietta.  Governor 
Tiftin.  learning  that  the  expedition  was  ready  to  sail,  dispatched  a 
i  o'arier  to  the  commandant  at  Marietta,  and  directed  him  to  occupy  a 
po-i'ion  below  the  island,  where  with  a  Held  batterv  they  could  com 
mand  the  channel.  I'.urr.  seeing  that  his  plans  were  discovered  and 
knowing  th.e  impossibility  ot  running  the  blockade,  abandoned  the 
i  \pedition  and  lied. 

T'ni:  jiix-ss  of  the  eastern  states  lauded  (lov.  Tittin  tor  his  prompt 
:;,d  successful  destruction  of  the  nefarious  scheme,  and  President  |ef- 
fer-ou.  in  his  letter  to  the  <  >hio  legislature.  I-'ebruai'y  J.  i.So;.  commends 
;he  (iovernor  for  his  promptness  and  energy  in  destroying  the  expe- 
(';:'  ion.  [Si  i  A  IM-KN  in  \.  ] 

A'  the  expiration  of  his   term  ot    ottice.  in   1X07.  (iovernor  Tittin  was 
'.._•(  led  I'ni'ed    Stiles   Senator  and  tool;  his  seat  in    I  >e(  ember,  his  ere 

-  beitu    pre-ciited  1  >y  b  'tin  Adams. 

I  :       HI'L'.'S  of  ( 'onm  ess  show  thai  he  was  i  on--iant!y  in  his  place,  and 

'  lupor'.ant    <  ommittees;    indeed,   b\'  ,1  >pe<  lal    vote   oi    ihc 

,id''e-d    to    the   (ommittec    oil    fortiticatioiis    and    publi< 

war    fniiiiL;    was    rising    e\erv   day.    stiniulated    by    the 

I  <•  men  <  >l  war  !a\    in   II  ampli  >n   I\i  >ads.  and 

',o\ver  ( "hesa[K-ake.  sear<  hing  o",r  merchantmen  lor 


N<  >K     1  II  1  IN. 


l'-i!i!ii    lands  were  surveyed,  new  measures  :,,;   •'. 
unproved. 

l"ne  ch  at!',  o!  his  \\  ile.  in  1s-  v.  so  o\  en\  lletl  •  d  I  i  '.  .  I  • 
determined  to  abandon  j>ul>lic  lite,  and  th'-rei.  ir«  .  .'  tiu-  c  . 
session  in  March.  iS;,,.  he  reined. 

agriculture.      !'.::'  he  was  not    allowed    \\\   }    .   •,]'.•, \\    ,.-.- 
his  puMii    i  areer   entirely,  lor  at  the  fa'.i   e',e<  ::••!:  lie  -A.I-- 
le-is'iature:    he  was  unanimoii-d\   i  hoson    speaker  oi    ;hc    I! 
he  i  otitinucd  to  act  h>r  -c-\  i-ral  sessions  following.       \  •  irmei 
(  'liillic  nthe  writes  of  him.  that  he  _a\  e   ^reat  -mist  K  '..»\\  a 
h.;s  jieriei  t  familiarity   with  its  duties,  and  the    promptness    .1; 
ness  o  t    his  d  i  c !  s  i  o  u  s . 

In  the  meanwhile   (im.  T'.tlm  liad  resumed  his 
a^ain :  h.is  sec  ond    wile  !>e:n_:    M:-s   Mar\    I'orter.  trom    I  >e!a\\ 
family    had    re-entl\    settled    in    !<<>>-   io'int\.      >iu-    uas.i 
personal  heaut\.  i;uiet  manners  and  e\emplar\    ;>ie'.\ 

|)ur.n_;    l  he    til's!     term    ol     Mi.     M  .nit  sou's    aiijii.n.s1  ;-.r..  ••!. 
passed,     ihe    ,ut     creat;n_;    the    uttue    of   ('ommis- 
Land  i  Mn.  e,  and    Mi.   Madison    s,-!ei  ;<-d    (  .-•,  .    I  ."::i    j'.-i 
\}~.:-  impor'an:    department.        Ihe    aj  'po:  u'men:    \\...--   vv1j'."-'\    ' 
i  n  d  u  n  e  \  p  e  i  t  e  d  1 1  \    h ;  n  i  o  r    .  i  n  \    1 1 ;    his    i  r :  e  n  d  -         I  ! :  i  •  I  i  r  > ' 
I;.-    a  p]  ni:n' men :     was    the    re<  e:p:    '.  i\     !:;  i.l    ••!    1    ^    ('..triii!  i   <• 
lriend!\    letter    ir-un    tlie    I'resMien'.    :'.d    ;  M:     \\ 

and    se\era!     old     <  o!le.lr;ues.    .;,^i-:_      hi,:;     J.,,i     ,i(   ,   ,   p-      ;•.,       ;   ,,    ;' 

ura;  ;l\  in_:    manm-r  in    \\}::<  h  it  w.is    :f.d<  :  e.i    >•'.(  -e:  m  ;.    .  i    ; 
and  in  a   n  w  da\  s  he    si.irl.-d  .»n    !:.'!-•!>  n  k    l-i-Fi    \\   .    ' 
I  h  a  '    I  !.!-•  n   r     ;  : .  i  <  '•  I   '  u  • '  \\  >  •  >;  - 

I'!..  .      llf.lii  >    o!     the      •'    !-..,-,      .,.--,        ,.        .„.;,    •       , 


204  HISTORY    OK    SKNECA    COUNTY. 

to  the  government.  His  labors,  An  part,  are  exhibited  in  the  state 
papers.  When  the  British  army  approached  Washington,  in  1814,  and 
orders  were  given  to  hurry  off  the  public  papers.  Mr.  Tiffin  was  the 
only  one  who.  by  prompt  action,  carried  all  his  department  to  a  place 
of  safety.  The  other  departments  lost  many  valuable  papers  in  the 
conflagration  ordered  by  the  British  general. 

Nothing  could  wean  Governor  Tiffin  Irom  his  Ohio  home,  and  Mr. 
Madison  gratified  the  wish  of  his  heart  by  ordering  an  exchange  of 
office  with  Josiah  Meigs,  who  was  then  surveyor-general  of  the  west, 
with  his  office  in  Cincinnati.  Mr.  Meigs  was  appointed  commissioner 
of  the  general  land  office,  and  Gov.  Tiffin  was  made  surveyor-general, 
with  the  privilege  of  locating  the  office  in  Chillicothe.  There  he 
located,  and  continued  at  the  head  of  this  office  of  surveyor- 
general,  during  the  remainder  of  the  term  of  Mr.  Madison,  and  through 
the  succeeding  administrations  of  Mr.  Monroe  and  Mr.  J.  O.  Adams, 
and  into  that  of  General  Jackson,  up  to  within  a  few  weeks  of  his 
death,  when  General  Jackson  appointed  General  Kytle,  of  Cincinnati, 
to  supercede  him.  He  received  his  successor  on  his  death-bed, 
transferred  to  him  his  office,  and  died  a  few  days  thereafter. 

There  were  several  thousand  dollars  in  his  hands  belonging  to  the 
I'nited  States,  which  were  promptly  handed  over;  and  so  were  his 
books  and  papers,  in  the  best  of  condition.  This  office  had  control  over 
the  vast  realm  known  as  the  northwest,  and  the  beautiful  arrangement 
of  the  surveys,  of  the  public  lands  is  greatly  due  to  the  sagacitv  and 
order  that  marked  Gov.  Tiffin's  life. 

Gov.  Tiffin  was  reared  in  the  pale  ot  the  Church  ot  Kngland,  and 
after  his  removal  to  this  country,  he  continued  hi.-,  relations  to  the  same 
organi/ation.  which  still  existed  almost  as,  the  state  church  of  Virginia 
-  -for  the  American  hierarchy  had  not  yet  been  established.  But  the 
Torv  charaett  r  of  many  ministers,  during  the  revolution,  and  the  almost 
abandoned  state  ot  so  manv  <  hurches.  before  the  establishment  of  the 
1'rotestant  Kpiscopal  church,  had  so  alienated  the  people  from  its 
communion,  that  a  greater  opportunity  was  oilered  tor  the  propagation 
of  the  Method!-;'  doctrines  and  Usages.  The  unusual  /cal  and  fervid 
oi  the  new  preachers,  excited  universal  at  tent  ion,  and  great  relig- 
iiemcni  and  inquirv  prevailed.  The  great  Missionary  Bishop, 
Asbury.  traveled  tar  and  wide  in  the  states  and  territories,  to 
lo'est  settlements,  preaching  with  L^i'eat  eloquence  and  power 
in.,  sen  ietii  s  and  consecrating  ministers. 

ind  hi--,  wite    united  with  the    societv  that  was  orirani/cd  at 


I!!M(,K  M'llV     M|      i.uVI    f.'S.  >K      I  III  1\. 

Asbury  as  a  lax1  preacher,  ami  diirin.;  all  his  sii!)-e 
he  i  ontintieil.  tn  some  extent,  !n  e\er<  is  •  The  tuin  ! 
I  poii  his  removal  tti()liio.  he  regular!;  pet'tor-ned 
in  the  lieu  settlements.  He  did  this  :;r .-' ;  [_,  \\:\\  .  .1 
tion.  and  his  ,  atholii  sentiments  \vn;i  ;..r  him  •!  e  re 
\\  hen  ever  the  I •',  pisi  opal  (  hun  h  in  (  'hi::  i  >  <:\\  e  \\  as  • 
was  railed  to  read  the  st-r\  ;i  e  and  a  -enn»ii  :rnT; 

hi  the  :nianc  \   oi    s.ii  u'tv.  men  ot    a!i:l:tv  h.i\e  «'.''• 
ID  pertorm  ver\   varied  turn  t  ;r  uis  in  <  :\  i!  and  moral  . 
mat),  the  u.irrior.  the  phih  isophrr.  !:  i\e  ail  a<  it-r!    :'". 
the   edifn  ation    oi"  i  ommnnities    and    stales.      ]••    ;h, 
font-er    at     'he    l.e-innin-    of    this    ,  ent::r\.    the    j 
reii-:o.;s   sen'in. ents  of   the  people  was  as   mm  h   tfc" 
men    ( >!    tlu    day.  as   anv  other    uork    the\   <  oi;!d.    |,e 
the  loimdatioiis  ot    the  state,  and,    this  man.  s,,  d:st:i 
and  p  i  a  i  e  ;  n  those    times,  w .  i  s  :  i ,  >  i    ashamed  t  ( >  i  e  i 
ser\  ;i  es. 

I  he  last    \  ears  tt\    the    (  1  >  >\  erno:  's    ' ;te  were    !i':l    '. 
im  idem  s.       lie  withd. rew  irom    th.e    re^'il  ir    pr.n  t  i  . 
n  -    appointment    as   iiimmissioiier    ;n     i  s  i  _• :     !>';'    a 
( 'hrliirothe.  in    i  -.  i  ;.  he  dispensed    ads  ii  e    and.    >ive- 
il  -m  e.  _'.•••;.  •'••>!  \    to    the    ! r.  and  to  mans    o'    ;. 

_ :  \  e  \\  a  \    i :  i  o  n  •    i  .>  j  ..and  lie  -  •  r :  •  •  r  *  i ;  '  r  o  m  a  i  • :  o  s  t  it: 

(  Ml    ->  I','..!1;;        .  e!>i;;_.     \    ;.       -•    ,,.     |  •_-,,. 


J0()  HISTORY    OF    SKN1CCA    COUNTY. 

for.      His  integrity  was  never   questioned.     While  he  managed  his  own 

aifairs  with  prudence,  he  did  not  accumulate  great  wealth,  as  he  might 
have  done,  but  yet  he  never  suffered  any  worldly  embarrassment.  He 
l:\ed  well,  and  in  harmony  with  his  position  in  socielv.  but  always 
within  his  income.  He  was  hospitable,  and  in  fhe  days  of  his  health, 
many  of  the  most  distinguished  personages  ot  the  counlry  enjoyed  the 
hospitalitv  of  his  bo'ard.  His  beautiful  home  was  embellished  by  his 
refined  taste.  His  earnest  piety  was  an  important  element  in  promoting 
the  best  interest  of  his  adopted  town  and  country. 

(iov.  Tiffin  left  his  widow  and  children  in  independent  circumstances. 
Mrs.  Tiffin  died  in  1X27.  Thev  left  live  children,  already  mentioned. 

1'oliticallv,  Ciovernor  Tiffin  was  of  the  Jeffersonian  school — the  old 
Republican  party:  but  for  many  years  preceding  his  death,  was  not 
conspicuous  as  a  politician.  He  was  an  in  ti  male  friend  ot  Mr.  M  ad  i  son, 
and  named  one  of  his  daughters  after  him. 

lie-voting  all  his  time  and  his  talents  to  the  interest  of  the  stale,  he 
very  much  neglected  his  own  private  affairs.  Hut  for  this,  he  would 
unquestionably  have  accumulated  a  large  fortune.  His  patriotism, 
however,  was  of  a  kind  with  that  of  the  great  men  and  statesmen  of 
his  day.  "Kverything  tor  country — nothing  for  sell."  What  a  change 
has  come  over  the  minds  of  the  leading  men  of  these  degenerate  days! 
A  reverse  element  seems  to  have  set  in  upon  the  ebb  and  llow  of 
American  politics.  "Kverything  for  self,  nothing  for  the  country." 
seems  to  be  the  watchword  of  the  hour.  The  men  who  pledged  their 
lives,  their  property,  and  their  sacred  honors  for  country  and  freedom, 
are  dead,  but  their  sons  and  grand  children  are  here,  and  have  not 
these  inherited  a  part  of  the  unselfish  love  of  countrv  thai  made  iheir 
;  tlhers  great  in  the  eves  ol  the  world? 

('oh  Allen  Latham,  of  Ross  count}',  an  intimate  friend  of  (iov. 
Comegys  with  the  following  items  about  ">he 
)ot;tor  was  so  kind  as  to  pla<  c  ai  mv  disposal: 

a  desiiv  t  hat   !  u  mild  u  rite  mil  m\   tes- 

lan.  >  mir  u  ;  T'-'s  lal  her. 
ml   \ei\  ha^tih .  liaviim  \er\  feu  papers 

'I  jee  ii|'    hilll. 

earh   hi-ii  ir>  nf  HUT  stale,  thai 
iu"  !"  mis    mi'4'lit    1  >e   u  ril  leu 
1  hat    dale   an'    \  er\    hard    !•  > 
al  <  'ulii minis  ur  elsewhere. 
a~-  iiiauv    as  aii\   ullier   individual,  hut    llie\ 

Vtmr.s.  Truly. 
>,\-.(  inciiinati.  <  ).  A  LLLN    LATH  A.M. 


I  )i  it-tin-  Kd  ward  TMlin  \\  as  speaker  "I    ;);.•  HOIIM-  ..|   i;..pi.-s,  nta;  r>  •  -  ••!  ' 
lii >t  territorial  Legislature   mTihu  r-t  "I   ;!..••!!.:•    i  IM-I  .  in  ;h. 
|MI_'.       Ilol'ei  t  t  Hi\  IT  uas    1'roideiit  ot   the  C..  n-li.ei         !.\i: 

('lair  \vas  ( M>\enior  of  th*-  T«-rrit»r> .      •  hat  !••-  \\ ' .'.      u'  I'.;:  d  \\  .t-  ->.  •••:••;.; 
of  stall-. 

lie  \\as  president  of   ;h''  stale  co|i\eiitio|i    ' 

Ihr  state  of  <  )hio.  \\  Inch  \\a- adoptrd  at  Chilli          ••  .\.-\       •.  1^'J.      'I'll- 
Scott  \\  as  x-crctai  \  of  tin- cou\  ml  ion. 

I  If  \\a>  cli  Tied  the  lirM    (  .OMTIIOI    of  (  »hio.  at;--!'  I  In-  a.!-;          ,  ..f  tin 
stilittion.  ami   •- \\oni  in  on  tin-  .".il  >la\  of    Maich.  I-".;,  ;1!|.|   ,    >!:tinu«-'l   t,,.vt  •• 
nor  until  In-  \v  a>  inaili-  ^dialor. 

lit-  \va^  Senator  I'roin  (  »liin.  in  tin-  St-uati-  ol  tin-  I  'niti-il  Ma'.i-^.  irniu  !-"" 
to  IMC. i. 

1  It-  ua--  SiicaUi-r  of  tin-  I  loii-c  of  Krpi  i--m!a!  i\i--  "1  i  •:.:  !i  1  ^"-'-li'.  ai  ' 
in  Islii-]].  Th..iua-  A.  1 1  in. I  an. I  Ualph  I  M-oi  •,,•:••(  ii-iU-.. 

lit-  \\  a^  api'oin'.cd  ( 'oiiinii  ---ioni-r  of  tin-  i  n-m-:  .il   I  .ai.d  (  'ilicf  .  .j  :':.,•  I   -,;: 
Stair--  al'out   l^li1. 

Hi-   \\a->  appointed   Sur\i-\or  (.cm-ia!   of    tin-    I    niird    sialt->    pnh'i 
nort  liwe-l  of  tin-  (  >liio  i  i\  i-i .  \\  In-n    In-   ivt  m  m-d  !"  <  l.illico;  In-  arid  held  ; ':.. 
otlice   until    !•>_"'.   in    uhich    \ear   the   oilier   \\a-~  r.-nioM-d   to  Cm.-inn.iti  .1:.. 
( ifiieral  \\'illiain  l.\  tie  \\a>  a| 'pointed  l>\  ( icnera!  .laek-"ii.  I  he  1  )-.•-..]   i-.  .: 
a  friend  < <\    M r.  A dani^. 

Samuel  \V  i  Ilia  ni^.  K>i|..  a  nati\  e  of  I  'enn-\  !\  ania.  \\  a-  ;  lie  I  '•  "•;,  ,r'^  .-h:--! 
clerk,  and  eont  inurd  in  thai  po^'n  ion  t"  I!"i'ei  i  C.  1  ,\  t  !••  and  t"  I  .en.  li/.-k;.- 
">.  I  la\  ne-v  u  ho  are  no\\  nil  dead.  Mi'.  U  i'iiain-  \\a>  .in  a  Me  clerk  and  .1: 
accomplished  'jfent  leman. 

Joseph  '1'illin.  ihe  [)octor'->  l-rothei'.  I'.-t.-r  l'at!ei--n.  \'.-[..  l'.\<-.\   •  :   I'.  K- 
di  ick.   I-S,|..  ;iud   \\' .   l!e\  ii"!d-.  t  he    I ». ic tor's    -on-in-iau  .    \\eie   ai^o  ,'..•:'. 
the    Diietur'.-  ollice. 

Mr.  K'-ndi-ick  is  still  li\  inu'  in  Ch  illicit  he.  ;i--rd  s,.\  m' 

17th  da\    <  '1     Sepleliil"-!1   la-';  . 
Tin-  1  ),.,•!,, i  \\  as  ,,i  m.-ili'i: 
poilh  .  full  laced,  li-'h!   h,i:r.  : 

tenance.        |I;,   •',--.]  Ill  e,    \\  rfr   ul.l'-'':  i   '      ' 


CHAPTER  XIV. 


SPENCER  vs.  HEDGES  THE  BRUSH-DAM  CASE  THE  FIRST  JURY  TRIAL  — 
BROUSE  THE  SUGAR  CAMP  INDIAN  WAY  OF  COOKING  COON  FOREST 
CULTURE  SCARCITY  OF  MONEY  WORK  ON  THE  CANAL  JIGGERS  AND 
CHICHA  THE  MIAMI,  DAYTON  AND  MICHIGAN.  AND  WABASH  AND  ERIE 
CANALS  -CANAL  TAX  OF  SENECA  COUNTY. 


SI'F.M  '  K  K'S  brush-dam,  across  the  river,  mentioned  heretofore,  is 
deserving  ot  notice  here  lor  several  reasons,  vix:  It  was  the  first 
dam  ever  erected  by  man  across  this  river,  and  of  course  was  very 
crude.  The  water  raised  by  it  ran  the  first  saw-mill  on  this  river;  it 
was  located  within  the  limits  and  near  the  center  of  the  present  city  of 
Tiffin.  It  caused  numerous  contentions  between  Mr.  Hedges  and  Mr. 
Spencer,  the  two  rival  proprietors  ot  the  two  adjoining  towns,  that 
resulted  in  several  knock  downs;  its  destruction  became  the  cause  ot 
ai  tioii  in  the  first  law-suit  and  the  occasion  tor  the  lir-t  jury  trial  in 
the  i  oiirt  of  common  pleas  of  this  county,  and  finally  it  brought  about 
the  purchase  ot  Fort  Mail  bv  Mr.  Hedges,  and  the  union  of  the  two 
towns,  forming  the  present  \oting  city  of  Tiffin.  "(I real  oaks  from 
little  a<  orns  gn >w." 

Since  the  adoption  01  the  present  constitution  ot  ()hio.  and  the 
consequent  new  code  of  practice,  nearK  thirty  years  ago.  the  voting 
lav.ver-.  a-  a  general  thing.  ha\e  paid  but  little  attention  to  the  old 
<  ( minion  law  pleadings  and  practii  e  in  vogue  in  former  times,  and  old 
lawver-  are  gradual!)  toruell  i  ng  "the  old  way.  '  'I  he  present  age  is  the 
age  ot  the  "almighty  dollar."  and  ol  "the  reason  why;"  and  the  bar 
iioA  .!-.  m>  to  i  are  a-  little  about  the  lormer  dillerenccs  between  debt. 
a  •>  •- 1 :  m  p  > ,  i .  detinue,  ca-e,  iropass.  trespass  on  the  c  a  -•  e ,  trover,  replevin. 
ci'  <  hi. eii>.  etc..  a-  does  Young  Amerii  a  gcneralh  about  the  times  gone 
i  i\  .  1  •/•,.•'•  Iri  .in  i  he  plead  i  UL;S  in  this  "brush  dam  case"  are  here 
memory  ol  the  reader  coin  erning  the  mode  (it 
pi  o.  <•'  ;-;r  •  •  tiiiu-  in  like  cases. 

Ie--  •  plaititilf.  filed  his  pr;c<  ipe  for  a  summons  to  h' 

is-ued  again-!  |o-iah  i  ledges  on  the  22d  day  ot  September  A.  I).  iSj.p 


'!'!:•-  >:iiiiiin  MI--  was  -M-IVO!  1,\    A.   I; 

iv  idinj.      RMil'>l],lni>    I  IK  kin-i  in. 
'  •  I'.int  v,  .1111!    \s  hi  i    h.i.'i    !DI  .iti-il 


i-ni'ca.  atniT^a'.  ani     Ii'-n    aii 

l  i'  '     !    ,:!:i  i    i  If-.',  !'i  i\  r<  I   a    ^1'rai    |  >,(  I  i  .   1 1  >    \\  i  °  '.     !•  •!  I  \    j 

!     ;!,r    ^aiil    .if-if    *»i>rnriT.    Mt'    u'l'i'a!     \aliif.    \> 
nn  iri'il    i|i>!ia!>:    aii'l.    al>.".    iln-n    an<l    tlirri-.    t 
i!, HI!  ;!!>••-.  !• '-\\  it :    "ii'1    lli"ii>aii'l    \\au<>n    l"a>!- 
!"-'•  ami   -lain   n|'  Hie    >ai>l    aY^-i'    >]iciicn  .   ;.i-\ 
ii't-c    liiiii'lii-'l    linliar^.    anil    ila-n    am!    l!i>-n-    l 
li'.rii.-il  Hit-  -aim-  1"  hi-.  Ihc  -ai'l  .l.>-lali  1 1  .''!- 


\\  a  -  '••'.'  i1   i"i  .i't  ' . : 

Ami.  al-n.  thai  I  hr  -aiil  .In-iah   1 1. -'I--' 

Iht-  -.1  i'l  I'lainl  i:':.  .•;.-..  -il  naif  aial  U'li 
Ilia:  par!  "I  I  In-  \  i  in-l  ri  >mj-  H.--I-P.  a' 
l'!a--.-  I'M!  \  I"'.'.--  ii";  i  h  "I  tlm  I'la.r  -r-'iij 
Ih>'  -a  hi  A  nii-1 1 1 '!;_:'  i  i'r-i-1  \  a  I  i>  >n  .  am! 
i -a-: .  •;  n  1  'an  l\  "I  I  !  !>•  ^am!  n-ls  s  ri  \  <•:  .  >• 
ti.-!  ami  ih.-n  ami  ili.-i.-  i.i"k.'  .|..v. ! 


•j  1 1  a  !  'la  ina'_:i  <  •;  1 '  ••  -  :.!•-..  ^: 
i'l  Mir  -lalf  i'l  tin!":  \\  h>  i  ni|>.  •: 
inj  nr.-.l .  a  in  1  ha-  -n-tai  n.-'i  <  i.iina 
a  ii'l  I  hri'fii  |"  MI  lie  1  -1 1  m_r-  t  hi-  -ir; . 


JIO  HISTORY    01'    SK.NKCA    COUNTY. 

Mr.  Hedges  in  liis  answer  denied  "all  and  singular  the  premises." 
and  defended  the  "wrongs  and  injuries."  etc.,  and  said  that  he  was  n<>' 
guilty  of  the  supposed  trespass  laid  to  liis  charge,  etc.,  "and  of  this  he 
puts  himself  upon  the  country,  and  the  said  plaintiff  doth  the  like:" 
which  means  siniplv  that  lie  will  submit  this  case  to  a  jury.  To  this 
answer  a  written  notice  was  attached  "that  the  close  in  question  was 
the  property  of  the  said  Hedges,  and  that  he  had  a  legal  right  to  do 
what  he  did." 

The  case  was  continued  until  the  April  term.  182^,  when  it  was  tried 
to  the  following  jury,  vi/:  James  Mathers,  Jesse  (laic.  John  ('.  I)onnel, 
\\illiam  Foncannon.  Smith  Kentfield.  I'eter  Yeaky.  K/ekiel  Sampson. 
Samuel  Scothorn.  James  C'utright.  K/ra  Brown,  Jacob  S.  Jenning-. 
Klisha  Clark,  "who  upon  their  oaths  do  say  that  the  said  defendant  is 
guilty  in  manner  and  form,  etc.,  and  we  do  assess  the  plaintiff's  dam 
ages  by  reason  thereof,  at  >S.oo.  The  court  entered  up  judgment  i<  r 
that  sum.  The  costs  were  >;;(>. 75.  This  ended  the  first  law-suit  ai.d 
jury  trial  in  Seneca  common  pleas. 

The  point  upon  which  Mr.  I  ledges  was  found  guilt}',  was  the  1.1  ; 
that,  at  the  time  the  dam  was  erected,  the  land  along  the  right  bank  ot 
the  river  belonged  to  the  I  nited  States;  had  not  then  been  surveyed 
nor  offered  for  sale,  and  Mr.  Hedges  was  not  then  the  owner  of  the 
same. 

Mr.  Ingraham.  who  had  been  appointed  sheriff,  gave  bond  in  tin 
-urn  ot  >5.ooo.  and  Kollin  Moler,  Michael  Schaul,  Joseph  Pool  and 
l"hn  A  Rosenberger  were  his  sureties. 

At  this  court.  \Villiam  ])oyle.  from  Ireland,  was  the  first  per-»n 
iiaturaii/ed  in  thi-  county. 

Mr.  SpeiK  er  became  so  badlv  involved  in  numerous  lawsuits  that  the 
i  \c<  utiDiis  again-t  him  seem  to  have  swallowed  up  all  his  mean-;. 

\\henever  the  weather  in  winter  would  permit  of  <>ut  door  work, 
there  was  always  enough  ot  il  to  do.  (ireat  trouble  was  otten  expe 
riem  ed  by  those  that  had  cattle  i"  take  (are  of.  \\heu  the  winter- 
were  opei  |ii.  a-  was  ver\  usual  then,  the  <  attic  i  onld  imd  gr.i-s 
,!i  tlie  wood-  and  a!»n^  the  bank-  of  the  stream-:  but  in  \  er\  i  old 
'.vi  liter-,  with  m  u<  i .  -now.  ind  :  o  ha\  on  hand.  I  he  poor  annuals  siniei'i  d 
\  cr\'  tiricli.  and  were  <  ompeiled  to  -;ul>si-l  on  "browse."  which  wa>  ll:i 
'(  nder  end->  of  tn-e  top-.  The  tree-  had  to  be  '  ut  down  for  th.ii 
j":i"].i  .  '  i  ihi-  labor  had  to  be  rejieat 
l:'o/en  -',!-'•:,.  '  \  ver\  hard  livin.i;  lor 
! :'•>!!!  '•'-,:  :  '  -prin u. 

F<M 


h'ukct-.  or  other  \  e--el-    !»   <  at<  h    'he    -':.:. ir  watr;.  ti  ou-h-  u  •  :      ::.  id 
ot    sarioii-    irn^th-   .i!id    width-,  i'lcijn    i'0-i'..ir.  a-h.  -'i_;.ir:.  elm.  • 
\\ood.   I iy  ,  hoppin-   :Tie   M..I  k-  ..t'  the 

l;n-ui  i>n<  e  : n  t\\o.        \  d.-h  ua-  then  i  !.opp,-d  :uto  'h'-  ii.r   -  >••:!!• 

'if  the  lar_:e-t  ui"  the-e  :i..u_;li-  \\.xiM  \\><\>\  !;«tn  wl»«-  ;••  IAH  ^.t':."-.- 
!IM'U    \\.t^  linrcd  iiiin    the    ->iu.tr  live    MMiir    tlnrr  ;<•<  •  .ilm\c  »lu-  _;r"';:i'i 
.mil  ,1   ••>]i;li-."    in. uli-  Hi    ,1  i)iu-  vr.ir'>    Drouth    !r"!n    ,iii    i-'nii-r    Ifi-K.    .n\> 
•A  :lh  tlu-  |'it!i  I.tkrii  (Mi:.  \va>  dn\  rn  into  the  h"lr,  ir.  t!.r  Her.  ;•  •  •  .ind-K 
the  -ap  intii  tlu    tmu^h.       I'iie    s.iji  \\.t-.   Ixii'.ed   d«i\\n  ;n  !.._  ,r"ii    k«-vi( 
^'is|.ende.d    on    .1    jmie.  lield    ii]i    \>\   two    iofk>    ti\ed    ;n    tin    _;r"Mtid  .t'  , 
'  oiuenu'in  II'I.K  e  ill  tile  ^uu.ir  (  .imp.        I'he  time  (or  th:-  work  _••  ner.tlh 
t  oinineiit  ed    in    I'ehru.iry.  when    the    !ro-!    lie^.in    to    .  onie    »n'    »\    th< 
Li'oimd  and  tlie  -ap  to  a-<  end.       It  olteii   !a-ted    awa\    :<i\\ard-  tl:-    ia'te 
p.iM    ot    Marc!-.,  when    the    Around     tro/e    hard    during     the     irjh:     a!^< 
iM.iuid    o'i:     the    loiinwiii;;    da\  .      'I'lii-    tree/ in.:    and    tha\\:n_  time  w  .!• 
(  on-idered    _.rood    -uu.ir    weather.       A-    '.he    -a|i    wa-    lioihn^    doun.  \}.< 
impuritie^    \sere     nicely    -kiminid    olV.    and    \\hen    lh<-    sir':p     liei.iini- 
th;i  k    a-  to  eoinnieiK  e    uTatrilatin j.  it  wa->    -lirred    with  a  (i.iddle    \\!i;n 
i'ie  sire  wa-    allowed  to  L;O    iio\\n.       I  h.o-e    that    pretened    the     -i:.;.i:    :: 
(  ,iKr  form  po'ired  the  thii  k  -imp  into  ::n  pan-.  \\ln.Mi  it  1» ••  .'.me'  liav.  : i 
.'.  -hurt  time. 

1  he     tir-'.     leu     week-    nl'    tin1     -u:_ar    -ea-on     made     the    he-t     -•;.;. n 

I  owards  the    ia-t  ot"  the  run    the    -imp    retn>cd    to    granulate,  and    w.i- 
pre-er\fd    in    that    form    and  an-wered    the    purpose    o!    mo!.i--e-. 
de<  idedh    the    rii  lie^t    -weet     that     nature    produi  e-.       Reader!     1  i.  1   \n' 
(  ',  (  r  eat  i  orn  jione    \\:th.    map'.e    mola--e-'      It    \  ou    d.d.  ':;e:e  : 
;:i  -a\  : iu  an\  ! hi IIL;  lu rt  her  to  \  i  iu  a'l >ou;   :'. .       I'oiie    i  •••'.',<  1  onl\    ! 

.1  a   hut.  h    o\,-n.  \\hi(  h   ua-    an    ;;..::     k<  ;iie.  'la:    a'    :!.- 
.  d.        I  h«    ,  vefl  «  ••  -n  .  w 


HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COl'NTY. 

to  put  their  troughs  into  in  order  to  preserve  them.      Others  set  up  the 
troughs' on  end  and  leaned  them  against  the  tree,  dish  side  inward. 

The  writer  lias  seen  good  use  made  of  some  of  these  sugar-troughs 
in  SCUMMY  of  the  year  when  sugar-water  did  not  run.  They  were 
rocked  in  the  <  al>in  ol  the  settler  with  a  sugar  lump,  in  the  shape  of  a 
v<  ung  "I'liickeye,"  in  them.  The  little  fellow  was  thus  not  "rocked  in 
T;e  cradle  ol  the  dee])."  hut  in  a  suhstitute  much  safer.  Many  noble 
men  am!  women,  now  living  in  (  >hio.  were  raised  and  rocked  in  these 
s;:gar-trough  cradles:  and  the  motlier's  lullal)y.  in  the  cabin,  sounded 
;;.-  sweet  a-,  it  ever  did  in  the  palatial  mansion,  with  plate  glass  \yindows 
.ir.d  gilded  door-knobs. 

It  was  among  the  "rural  felicities"  to  see  a  whole  family  employed 
ir  the  sugar  cam.])  on  a  pleasant  day.  some  carrying  sugar-water,  sonic 
skimming  the  simp,  others  preparing  wi>od.  eacl)  employed  at  some 
thing:  and  when  night  came  on.  the  work  was  so  reduced  as  to  require 
hut  little,  if  any.  attention  before  the  next  morning.  Some  of  the 
neighbors  would  visit  the  camp,  spend  the  evening  and  have  a  good 
'  '.at.  Neighbors  seemed  to  think  more  of  each  oilier  then  than  the\ 
do  now;  at  least  they  visited  each  other  otteiier  when  the  distance,  the 
V"rk  and  the  weather  would  permit. 

I'he  time  is  last    approaching  when    sugar-making  will    be  considered 

,.-  a  thin-  of  the  past,  and  the  corning  generation  will  not  know  what  a 

•".u.ir  trough    looked    like.      (  >nr  forests    are    passing    awav  rapidlv.  and 

•  i>n  there  will  not  be  timber   enough    left   to  fence    the    fields  or  supph 

e  di-mand  lor  building  and  manufa<  Hiring  purposes.      (  >n  many  larm- 

'••    Senei    i    county,    the    little    patches    of    woodland    that    are    left,    are 

v.'<;\    ;,  ore  valual)le  than    the    <  iearcd  land.       N'obodx    makes  calcula 

'K-  when  tlie re  \\ill  not   be  wood  enough  ;n  this   county  to  answer  the 

i  'irpo-es  ot    tlie    lamily  for  cooking    and    healing.  tc(  say  nothing    about 

t  i  mber  w:t  h  \\'h i<  h  to  build  houses  and  barns.      \\  hy  not  commence 

i'"'\\    t"    -'  irt   .    \oung    lorest?      Take.   sa\     live    or    ten    acres    at    a    time. 

l!  ''•:>'  :  ' ',  to  kci-p    out     -to<  k.  i  in   that   part   ol    a   I  arm   where    the  wood 

'i.. i  •,'.  •'••.-..    Mid    plant  u  ith    aconis,  beech    mils,  maple  seed,  or 

•    '      \   be  i  h-si  red.       It  will    re> ;  u  i  re  110  mrt  her  (  a  re. 

1  -    .    .  resi   will    ghuldeii  the    hca  rt    of  tlie  owner. 

ot    li\  e  t  o  see  1.;  r:;e   t  rees  u'l'ow  thert 

the  ]  uii  ha>er  \sul'    |iav  moie  !oi'  a  (arm    that   has  a 

.  :    iwitiL   up  on   ; ' .  t  lian  he  will  lor  one  \\  ith  out  it. 

No;."  l,r    made    to    picture    to    the    mind    ol    anybodv.  the 

• '.    '  •  ted    upon    tin:    frontier    bv  the    then  great 

••  .      There    was  very  little    to    be   had    lor  any  purpose. 


Darter  .UK!  trade  was  the  < <r< ler  ni'  ; la-  <!.i\ .  and  while  :!n>  i-\i  i: 
.ill  ri^ht  in  some  respet  t>,  it  would  not  ,iii>wei  !<T  "the:-.  T.i 
not  IK-  paid  in  th.it  w.iy,  .ni'l  the  iiii-n  h.iiiX  alter  w.i.:.:._  i  |. 
h.nl  in  hav«.'  <  .i-h  wi th  whi(  h  :  i  •  meet  ':.  \  A  \  .;  k  .  ,j 

phi. i.      U'hcn    some    pioneer    nun  ha::' 

indispensable  tor  the  In  lUsch  old.  <>:    :••:'  _    ;.  :;•••     e-.   thr: 

money    tn    bu\     tlu  in    with.        (  >:;<•!:.    ;  -n_    <:><;.•-    ::;•;: 
\\'hi-n  .1  in. in    h.ul    ;in\th:n^  to  -r!l.  :'.  !•'•:;;•!  ;. 
could  tr.idc  it  ,i\\.i\   tor  sonu'tliin^  hi-  \\.'.:r. i-d    :r":n    ! 
in. in  wanu-d  .111  .irtii  if  irotn  .inothrr.  ,ind    h.id    no 
it.  he    paid    in  \\ork    b\    the   d.i\  .  or   agreed    :o   ('.car    -  .    CM::'. 
land  tor  thr  article.      Men   Inm-lit    their    <  o\\  >.  t!ie:r    i 
that  way.      <  'orn    and    wheat    were    Ihrili-d    hy    o\    teaniv.    _.  : 
Man-iieid    or    Portland,    now    Sand'i^ks     (   ity.    to    1.,-    -,/,;    ;,. 
\\lieat    raided    under    the    dittu  ultie>    de^i  rihcd    in    a    tonner 
hauled    to  a  market,  trom    lorty  to  sixty  nnie-   awa\.    \\!.ej;r  :; 
-•Ad  tor  only  thirty  cents  a  lui-diel  in  i  a-h.  or  \,<r  !  iiree  -'n:;i:n_ 
wa^   not  an  article  on  which    tanner^    became    rich    \ef\   ;a-". 
wa»    the    principal    market    tor    wheat,  and    nian\   a  lo.id    "!    \\ 
e\<  handed    there,  at    three   ^hillin^^  a  liii^hel.  lor   s.ilt    .;•    i"i\(- 
i>arrel.  when  it  took  about  one  week  to  make  the  trip. 

(  iettiiu  urindinu  i  lone  at  the  tew  milU  there  u  ere  then  in  t! 
•.va>  attended  with  c«|uallv  ure.it    luird^h.ip.      A::er  tlie  i     '  \    \1 
the    lir>!   ward  ot     I'itlin.  \v,i>    put  up.  tanner-    IP>IM    (  "rau  !.ird. 
and   Marion  i  ount  ie>  t  ame  here  to  ^et  t  he:  r  _  r:--'  -  ^  !••:•.:,   i;Tvi 
filteeii.  twenty,  or  more  team^  waited  their  turn    r.d  .    im; 
week,  u  ;  t  h  the  t  a  1 1 1 : 1  \'  at   home  on  small  a  i !  •  >^  .  \  < :  i  •  • .  or  ; 
iu'i  ad  a:    all. 

To  relate  all  the  tn  mble-    and    ini  '  >\\\  •  i.  M  -    ' ':. 

• ; !  i  i  •  •  i  '    to.  u  1 1 '  1 1  d    r  e  1 1  u  i  r  e  \  o  1 U  n  i  e  > ,  am!     -  <  < : . : 


•    :.d  w    '.  h.  was  ;he  malarious    d:-e  i-<  -.    i  \\-« 
_:r""!id    ua-    co\ered    with    wat.  r    and    d.  • 
r  i  \  e  i    and  the  i  reeks  were    <  ! . .  _  _  e  d  '.\  i ' !  i  d : 
iie.uer  dams  -et  the  water  ha<  k,  ihe:eb\   t  , 
.\hiie    i  a  t   s  w  a  m  p  -.      as    1 1 1  e  \     \\  e  r  e    1 1 1  l-i  i    ' 
There    were    terrible    th;<  kets    and    ";n^- 
kind-  urowi:i_  on  r;<  h,  l>o^u\    soil. 

Tlie    forest    ln.-ld    the    moist    air    with    a 


>  !  4  I!1SK)K\     01      SI.NI.CA    COl'NTV. 

miasma,  produced  by  the  heat  ot  a  summer's  MIU.  and  thu>  held  in  the 
humid  air  and  breathed  conMantlv.  tended  to  corrupt  the  blood  and 
deraime  thr  functions  ol  the  li\er.  Fever  and  a.uuc.  and  bilious  levers 
were  vcr\  common,  and  men  were  often  seen  standing  on  the  street  on 
a  hot  MI  miner  day,  pale  as  death,  with  overcoats  on.  buttoned  up  to  the 
<  lii n.  their  hands  in  their  pockets  and  shaking  so  that  their  voices 
trembled.  The  chill  \\as  alwavs  followed  by  a  fever,  and  when  that 
was  passed,  the  patient  was  all  ri^ht  a^ain  ur.til  next  da\  .  or  dav  alter. 
The  i  hills  returned  a^ain  at  regular  intervals,  either  ne\t  day.  or  every 
other  da\.  People  seemed  to  uet  u<ed  to  them,  and  some  were  no; 
reduced  much  by  the  chills,  wliile  oilier-.,  and  eM>ei  ially  people  trom 
|-'.urope.  suffered  very  much  more  trom  these  diseases.  In  general, 
those  of  Kuropean  Buffered  more  than  those  of  American  birth.  Many 
a  -tout,  robust  man  was  reduced  to  a  walking  skeleton  in  a  short  time. 
Yet  this  lexer  and  a^ue  was  not  considered  dangerous  to  lite.  It  was 
exceedin^l'v  troublesome,  nevertheless.  especially  when  whole  families 
were  taken  with  it  at  the  same  time.  It  was  a  >ad  scene  to  come,  or 
be  tailed,  into  a  house  and  see  a  lar^e  family,  voting  ami  old,  in  their 
beds,  some  shaking,  and  others  burning  with  fever,  and  not  one  of 
them  able  to  help  the  other  to  a  cup  ot  water.  The  onlv  i  ase  where 
death  en-ued  trom  these  (hills  that  ever  came  to  the  notice  of  the 
writer,  was  that  ot  an  old  (lerman  who  lived  on  South  leffer.soii  street, 
in  Tiftin.  and  who  died  shaking  in  his  chair. 

The  most  serioiis  aspect  ol  these  malarious  diseases,  however,  was 
the  various  bilious  fevers  that  often  defied  the  skill  and  <  are  of  the 
ph\  sii  iaiis.  and  frequently  p'ro\  ed  fatal.  The  terribh.  heat  in  fever,  the 
parched  tongue.  th,e  delirium,  followed  b\  extreme  |irostration:  and 
th-  n  tl'.e  remedies,  such  as  calomel,  ipecac,  jalap.  Peruvian  bark. 
quinine,  i  astor  oil,  et<  ..  etc..  all  diseases  and  remedies  \\ere  simply 
horrible.  Some  summers  were  more  si<kiv  than  others,  but  for  main 
ve.n's.  ;uid  until  the  <  i>untrv  became  partialK  cleared  up.  there  \\\i>  no 
summer  without  this  terrible  visitation. 

<  >}•.'    how  '.he    pi-ople  waited    and    prayed  for  the   <  runinu    of  tall,  and 
•or  !h.    lifsl   sharp  fr.iM.       \  -ood  bla<  k  iVfi-t.  that    killed  the  lea\e.  and 
mail'    'lie  'jr  iss  i  rash   under  your  leet.  i;eneral!\    put  a  -lop  to  this  m<>i; 
-.; (•'•;!;.:  n' <  >\\\.      'I  he    air    bei  aiue    pui'ei'    and    mon     br.Kinu.  and  it  \s\is 
\  c'-\  •   •         .    •    tin    faces  i  if  all.  returnim.:    hope    and,   i  heer. 

\\  he'  1  '  '  '      o!  medicine,  as  a  si  nil!  i  .  lias  made  !  he  pn  >:_:)' e->s 

• '  .a'   ,'  s  i : e\  . . •    '  -    claim    ) or  it,  \\' ill    not  In    argued    here:    but    one    t  h  ini: 
•  •  1 1  s  t  i  e  r  :        ,  d  i     1 1  e  d .  \'  i  /  :    t  h  a  t  a  L;  r  e  a  t  <  h  a  n  ^e  h  a  s  i  1 1  n  i  e  o  \-  e  r  1 1 1  e 

'-earn-  ol    the  pnu  t itioncr.      The    poor   patient  is  m>\\   allowed  the  tree 


-'•    <>!    \\atrr.      Tin-    tin-   j.ra<  l;<  r.    !..it\    »r    n:t\ 
•nisrd.       1 !  \\  a-  -ii:!|>!\   i  i  •:<•]  :•  >  '.>••  •';. 
I'iiiiL;  t'  >r  \vatrr  1 1  >  rrl:r\  -•  !.  MI.  .! 
.  .".lil  HI  it   .illi  'W   it.       1 :   \\  <  end   i;i  ,•   .;,  , 
in.  .uul  all  ilia:  -»n  »!    IM'I--  u-;.:-        I '.  ;•    •'...  \   -.\ , 
;  | .    1  n  1 1 1 .  u  1  n  i  i  •    hi-    1 1 1 1  \  -.  1 1  . 1 1     |  H  .  ,\     • 
i.iMj^r  a  U'\^     v  <Mr-    h.i\r  lr  <>>]_;!.;          ii'!'         |i \    ' 
:    .)>(.•  in  -iiimn<T.  thr  .irtu-li-  l;.i->  !* •,' jii-t.« i  .'-  \v  i\ 
;:i  rr    it    has    pi'i  ivrti    In  >t  !i   a   !u\ur\    ,n;i{    >.  (> 
': i. \Nftl  all    tlu'    UT^!I  \\.I!IT    ti:r\    \\a:: ;.  ar,'!    !i.  - 
;    iiriiu   ^ill\  .itnl. 

i  Mir  U'.lMU'i'  in  c,i>r--  i'I    ->hak:!i_:    a_".r.  \\i:i      . 
,  w  r  \  i  • !' .  a  1 1 1 1  \v  h  1 1  h    •>  i  •  i'  i  n  >  1 1 1  >  \\    ', :  k  <  •  a  ->  l :  i  n  _;  <  •    j  • : 
,  mil  iiu-il    lu-rr.       It    \va>    c.ilK-d     llu-    ••i:'i;:_;r\ 
,  •;.    i>  thr  i  IrilU  1  >r_;an  t«  i  i  iTcji  down  :!:<•  ii.n  k. 
,  •  •    •-  h  i  \  I1  r ;  1 1  u    t »   <  '  >  i  n  1 1  u  •  n  i  a  • ,    t !  u  •    1 1  a  t ;  t  •  1 1 '    u  a  •-    t 
'.r'itr.  and  <  mild  cat  \\itli  a   \\»ndrMn!   raj.ai  i; 
,  hard  that   the  \  irt'iaU  :.•!!  in  mi  hi-  k ;!;:••.  l^rk 
•--    thrtii    !>•    h:-    ni'iiitli.       It     niadr    had.    u,!;-,;-. 
i*   ;"i  i|!<  >\\  o!  ^MI  h  a  --liakr,  altri'    r.i':n_.  ->    -nird 

ln-.ld.U   hr    nil  )I'r    i  1 1-;  !'r  >--;!!_;. 

i  ': .  1 1 1 1 1 1 .  - 1 1 1 1    ;  1 1  \\  1 1  -^  1 1 :  ]  > .  <  >\\  a  c  i  <  \  \  i ;  r   .  >  •    •}>.<•  <  >  j . .  • ; ; 
:'r,  -utYrn-d    !>•>•>    N\  it'll    thi-    pia^'ir    th.an    a;;\     • 
a;\  .       Iii    aii    l!u-    nthri'    j  «  >v\  ;•  >;:-    uf    •*,•::,  .  a    • 

-  rr^a  I'd    \s   1  -   a  1  ii  ill!    I  hr    -  Ulir. 

i1   \va>  ,n  '!:r-.--   tr\in_;    tinir--  that    t  h' >':--and--  • 

•  ;  i  \    a  \  a :  i  i  « • .  hnt   1  >  \    .  t !  i  -  <  >  1 1 1 '  <  .  - :  i  ID   in  •  r  -  - . :  \  . 

.  a  n  a  N .  tin-  '  <  n  1  \    ]  >  1 1 !  >  1 ;  <    u  •  >  r  k  >  :  lir  11  i'n  ' :.  •   - :  i  • 
vr    innnr\    .  ..riM    l»-  had   t.ir    '.  , '.,.:•.       |-    ua-    i 
••!,,:)  lr;t   hi-  iM'lr  our-  in  thr  .  a:r  a:  .i  .  !i  u. 
_n    -  \t\    m.ir  >    Di'    nil  n'r    In  >m    !:•  MI:- 

•   i  \\  i  n'k  mi   t  hr  i  anal    and   ::•:;-•!•    '  •  •.    •::. 

I  l'.r\     \\nr 

•.  '  >  :  '  •    ''  •    i    'i    '  •  t  h  r  •,    \\       •  •    i  •  i  T  - '  •  ' ;  t  •    • : 


210  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

than  was  absolutely  necessary,  llcds  and  bedding  were  ot  the  same 
character.  With  a  temporary  change  of  clothing,  the  men  brought 
their  blankets  with  them.  A  woolen  blanket  was  a  better  protection 
against  the  mosquitoes  at  night  than  any  other  covering.  These  pests 
in  warm  weather  tormcd  into  a  sort  ot  a  cloud  around  their  victims, 
day  and  night. 

It  is  scarcely  possible  to  find  a  place  anywhere  in  the  world  better 
tilted  to  produce  malarious  diseases,  than  was  the  country  at  that  time 
doim  the  line  ot"  the  I  >a\  ton  and  Michigan  canal,  and  especially  along 
the  Anglai/e.  the  Maumee  and  the  \Vabash  in  Indiana. 

As  the  work  progressed  and  the  distance  to  and  from  the  cabins 
increased,  they  were  abandoned  and  new  ones  constructed  near  the 
works,  in  the  same  crude  way.  \\  hisky  was  cheap  in  those  days,  and 
in  very  common  use.  They  had  no  temperance  societies  then,  and 
every  man  was  constituted  a  committee  ot  one  to  mind  his  own  busi- 
ness: nor  had  chemistry  discovered  the  art  of  stretching  or  adulterating 
the  article  with  poisonous  drugs.  Men  who  could  allord  the  expense 
kept  whisky  by  the  barrel  in  their  houses,  and  it  was  simply  in  con- 
formity with  the  general  idea  ot  hospitality,  then  in  vogue,  to  have  the 
bottle  and  glass  set  before  one  when  visiting  a  neighbor.  There  were 
then  less  drunkards,  in  proportion  to  the  number  of  inhabitants,  than 
there  are  now.  and  the  pimpled  cheek  bones  and  rum-blossomed  nose. 
so  prevalent  now  among  those  who  drink  whisky  habitnallv.  were  not 
seen  then. 

\'er\  often  men  had  to  work  standing  in  water  all  dav.  There  were 
no  rubber  bouts  to  be  had  then,  and  to  avoid  getting  sick  and  to  keep 
iwav  the  •'shakes."  it  was  thought  necessary,  by  both  cmplovcr  and 
employes,  that  men  should  drink  whisky  so  manv  times  a  dav.  In 
conformity  \\ith  this  generally  conceded  necessitv,  it  was  made  a  part 
of  the  i  ontract  with  the  laborer  that,  in  addition  to  his  pay.  he  should 
receive  i  ol  whiskx  so  many  times  a  day  three  times,  geiier 

dlv.      The  "boss"  kept    a    barrel    of  it    on    hand,  and    it    a    man    wanted 
ninr  tal  allowance  lie  could  have  it  bv  paying  for  it-— t went \ 

These    whisk)'    rations    were    called    "'jiggers."    a    very    tamiliar    term 

ah>n_  l!  '     cai    ds.      I  am    \\«:    aware.  howe\er.  thai    the   whisk)'  secured 

:  'i:    1  doubt   it  very  much,  tor  those  that  drank  vvhiskv 

UK     -iik    as  \ve!l    as   those    that    did   not.      At    times    there    were    >n 

nuin\  ivorkmeii    sick  in  their  <  abnis   that  less   than  halt    of  ihcm 

atiswi  ;vi :  at  r<  ill  call. 

It  i-  a  most  wonderful  fact,  that  at  all  times,  among  all  races  of  men. 


i   HI-   II  \        HI  >\V     \l  \I>K. 

ami  in  all  countries,  sim  c  the  tinu-  <>\  N.>,ih,  who  "planted  the 
\;ne."  people  have  had  their  be\ erases  o|  some  >..rt.  !:<JM»:-.  .  j  . 
'hin^s  that  stupefied  or  intoxic  ated.  I  »r  \\.i:it  <•:  [i*Hi>$is  tlu-\  r<  -or:, 
_unis,  opium  or  hasheesh.  ,t  _;um  prodm  <•>:  ip-m  :;.<  exud.r  .•  <i,  - 

ea\  es   and  Blocks   dt    hemp,  the    sm<>k.;._    o;    \sh  .  :.     .  ,•    .»;:!•.    .  ;,   t> 
<\<-.i<\\\  stupor,  1  nit  fiiN  tin-  !H-\\  ililciTil  111:11-!  \\   •':.-,.     .  •;,- 
-Mlicrnatnral    >i  rnr-.  uh:K-  it  iirra'k-,   ijuwn    .1:;.'.    ].[•-•• 
-y>u-in  i»l    thr    pour    victim,  ami   ^ra>  lu.il;  \   ilr-tr-i\  j  -.••.•    |;  i 

l'a\  li  n •'>  'l'ra\  i-U  in   I  iiilia.  ] 

AloiiL;    the    river   >y-ti-iii->  nl    South    .\IIHT;I  a.  .1!- >iu    '''••     '•     : 
!<io  Nc^ro.  the  Item-/,  the    Madeira,  the    K  .. .   i  :<  :, :.  ; !.      \1  .i_.!.i'..-:u 
Matrede  I  >io>  and  other  trihutane--  of  the    \nia/on:    an«l':;i'!n    ::i. 
'.aiiis    iVom    I'arma.  through    Ay;i«'m  ho.  ( 'a/(  o.  ( 'm  haliamli  i.    i!. 
!  ike>  Titlicai  a  and  (  >huro.  throughout  the  di-^trii  t-.  oi  \  un^a-,  \  •.:.>., 

;:id    Mai,'o-,    alon^    the    toot    o!    tile     Illiman:    and    >orata,    tin      !:; 

;;ha!>itinu'  these  regions.  neai'l\  all  in  al>je<t  po\ert\  ,111,;  :i^tV<..vr;,j 
ami  so  degraded  that  their  tspe  is  -,(  ,ii'<  e!\  trai  eabie.  \<  •  .d!  i  ;a.! 
!o  ha\e  been  des<  ended  from  the  once  noMe  Im  ,t-,  make  .t  heve 
of  their  own  that  heats  them  all.  <M  late  \cars,  ihe  niniurel  u: 

-I'eriniaiis,  I'.ra/illians.  Spaniards   and    I'ortimuese      ;h,tt  mituied 

nter  married  \\:th  them.  ha\e  also  adopted  this  re\(i!:in_;  South  A1 
ic.m  vice. 

Alou_  tlu-se  rivers  and    mountains,  to  j  (  ertain    di^rei 
tound  a  hush  with  ver\   !  hn  k.  lie  shy  Sea\  es.  n  -eml'i:n^   :  n   ^  /,     >.".,[  , 
:he  laurel.       I  hesc    leaves   are   ^atliered    \\hen    ;he\    i:e  !H,M~.;    •••..!  \ 
carried  to  the  hut.  where  the  lamih  .  yoimu  and  old.  i  iii  \\  '^'te.jji  !::: 

•  pit   them  into  some  \  at  or  vessel  li\ed  tor  ;ha:   :  -'::p.  i  •<• :    \\h. 
mother  i >  lilleil  ni    like    maniiei',  aiid    so  .j;i.  u !.':',    t'.i     >  <"< 

•  he    rei  jnisi  te    <  plant  it  \     ;s    >ei  ured.        I  !.<  -  ••• 
undistur!  ied    tor    several    \\eek-.    tor    ;h,-    iciin    n'  •'  •• 
when  that  ceases  and  some  o|  the  e'.e!i;r;i-  • 

o ;  1 1  e  r  s  i  i .  i  \  <•    a  i  <  u  m  u  i  a  t  e  d  on  i  <  i  p .  t !  i  e 
.1  raw  n  oif  into  ju^s  oi  earthen  u  .11  e.      1 ;.    \.t\<: 
t  ;oii  o!    \}\}-    li.  piot .  a  (  ei  tain     p;an:  .'\     .  -    re. 
lor  taxes  troiii    tin-    -.ale  of   it.  -o  : !.  i1    t    n  '••    •  .: 

•i  i   pl'i  idui   e.       'I'llls  li.plor  is  {  ailed,  "i   lilt   h  i."      ;    • 

:he  luisli  thai   1'irnishes  the    leal    :--  «  a'.!<  d  !>!!j    "•  ''  U 

the  hush    L;ives  the    name  to  the    h.juor.  or  ':.'  •  '.''.<.    I'1:-!..  < 

not  appi'ar,  nor  is  it  \crv  material. 

\\luui    (  hicha    making  is  o\ei',  the     Ind.aiis    ii|    (  <.  :;a;;i    tr:;i 
allowed  to    touch  a  drop  ot'  it    until    the    <  ir.el    li.is    i;.,    d;;;-,k    •  >'    .'.  ' 


JlS  HIsioKV    OK    SKNKCA    (.'OfNTV. 

<  >n  ;i  certain  dav  each  family  brings  a  certain  quantity  of  fhe  liquor  to 
tlir  council -house,  where,  after  a  short  ceremony  over  it.  the  chief  takes 
his  fill:    then    the   next  in  authority,  then    the   next,  and  so  on.  until  the 
officers  are  all    supplied.      Then  the  common    rabble    tall  in.  and  a  i^eti 
eral  drunk  ends  the  festivities. 

(  )f  late  years,  since  mai/e  came  into  use  in  South  America,  a  chicha  is 
made  by  masticating  the  grains  in  the  same  way  as  the  leaf,  but  the  liquor 
made  from  corn  is  said  to  be  inferior  to  that  made  from  the  chic  ha 
b'ish:  both,  however,  make  people  mosf  beastly  drunk.  Think  of  it  — 
a  lot  of  old  squaws,  with  decayed  teeth,  chewing  leaves  or  corn  and 
^pitting  them  into  a  tub  to  make  liipior  of  !  The  saliva  produces  the 
simar  that  foments  into  alcohol  and  assists  the  work  of  fermentation. 
[See  Humboldt's  Travels  in  South  America,  and  Ilerndon  and  (lib 
boils'  Explorations  of  the  Sources  of  the  Ama/on.  The  writer's  mind 
recurred  to  this  circumstance  when  he  thought  as  to  the  probable 
origin  of  the  word  "ji^'ers."  and  reflected  whether  or  not  the  word 
••chicha"  mi^'ht  possiblv  ha\e  become  vulgari/ecl  or  Amcrieani/ed  into 
this  "iig-x'r."] 

The  work  on  the  canals  commenced  as  early  in  the  spring  as  the 
weather  would  permit  and  the  frost  was  out  of  the  ground,  and  was 
prosecuted  with  a  will  ilntil  aloni;  in  luly.  when  the  laborers  broke 
down  with  bilious  diseases,  and  the  work  had  to  be  abandoned  in  con- 
sequence, until  alter  the  tew  first  early  frosts  in  the  tall,  when  it  was 
aurain  re-Mimed  and  pushed  forward  into  the  winter. 

I  Miring  the  time  tl'ie  lather  was  at  work  on  the  <anal  and  the  mother 
with  her  little  ones  alone  in  the  cabin,  miles  away  from  neighbors,  no 
doctor  to  call  to  assistance1  in  case  of  sii  kne-^.  no  one  to  counsel  or 
help  in  time  of"  need,  the  trials  and  imidenN  <>\  such  a  life  lead  the 
contemplative  mind  to  sad  and  serious  meditation.  Let  us  try  to 
forget  scenes  like  these,  for  they  will  never  occur  a^ain. 

A  -hort  hi--tor\  of  :he  <  )hio  canal  s\stem  mi.Liht  be  made  interesting 
here,  would  -p.u  e  only  permit:  but  to  -i\e  the  reader  a  bird's-eye  vicv. 
iif  it.  it-  origin.  n>e  an-1  progress,  its  ima!  triumph,  the  excitement  !i 
produced  in  :!•,'•  political  world,  the  suci  .-ss  and  deteat  of  men  aspirin.; 
to  offn  e  dcpi-i  pon  the  \va\  the\  -tood  on  the  <  anal  i|iiesfion,  the 

railroad^  i "i n •  1 1 1  \  >  1  n \  i n u  the  <  a n a K  into  the  back  u r o u n 1 1 .  e t <  . .  w o u  1  d 
in  ike  i  small  \olume  b\"  itself.  A  >hor!  syuojisis.  and  extract-  Irom 
I'epoi't-  and  jiapers  pertainniL;  to  the  h'-'or\  ol  tlie  (  >hio  ^  anaK,  must 
her 


i  \  \  \  i     -  \  -  1 1  \: 

Mi.mii  ainl  Km-     \\liirli  unite  m-ar   1  >eiiaiii  ••.  anil  MII-II 
l'.r>   l'\  a  "'I'liiiii'in  Irnnk.  miiM  hi!  an  :mj'":  ;.n,'  \>.c^>- 
'-.••I   \alual i|c  iua\   In-  tin-  laiirnaiK   Inn!;   l"!i_:   ai;i-!v\.i: 
M  c  raiiaU  ha\c  iii'ciiarcil    the  \\a\  .  -e;Mei|  Iln-  • 


\\  ;Mi  I  >i-\Vii !  (  'liniuii.  \\  h' '  u  i>  ;  :.• 

! 1 1 .  - -j ; i  j  11  r I' -     'it     ;  h i •     -;.t!c     MI      N  •  •  u      N.I:-..      . ; 

ii > idi   i  .ui.ii  ; '  i  i  '  iMiifi  ;    tin1   \s.i!i  r-   ••:          • 
-«  MI  ri\  rr. 

!u-    K'-i-l.i'Miv    ..!    <  »lii...    in    lTl,r;.i:'s.     i  V. 
li  Mirer  i  i  >m  in  ;>•>,!  MR- r-  \\  t  fr   .i]i]>«);n;:-ii  ••• 
i  •    i  .  i :  i .  1 1    !  1 1  ;  u  r  r :  i    1 .  i  k  r    1 .  r  n  •    .  i  n  •  i    t !  i  <  •    '  ' ! : .  • 
•  iM-tl  in  ,i-k  nl    (  'i  IP, ^ IT »  .1  m'.iii!  or    .•;::•  iiif 
till'  Mi>'  ]I;:JM  i->r.  IIM;    iii>M:;ii_;  \\.i--  .n  i  ••  111  j  •!. 
-  . ; ; .  i  •  i  _  1 1 !' .  1 1  . 1 1  i  i !  r  i  •  >  - .   I  '  r  i  r  1 1 1 1 1  <•  r   i  \.    i  S  i  S . 

\\i-  \\nil!i|    l;ii>i-  Jin-    i'li;ir;ii-tcr   nt    mil     >'iitr    li\ 


-   .1    \\cli    e-l  ,i  1  'i ;  -lid  I    t;ii '1.    MuiI    1 1  i.i  1 1    \\.i-- 
'.  i-\  ;nicf    vii     ^ale.    ea-\     ali'l    i  hc;ii'.    a-    ralia! 
••    ,11 1  \  a  li  I  a  '^i     "I     c;i^s     .11, i|    c  \  ["•'  1 1 1  !"!  i>    iraii^i' 
'    i  !  \  fil  \\  hen    |ii'ii-c>   aic    h  iuh    .1  h'l    i  i  .n  ii'    Hi"- 
M.  .  lia  i   !"  c\  i-i  \   pel  --"II  "!   i  ili-i-i  \  at  i"ii.  M.al  ;!.•• 
a-jc    li.^-    1 1  ci|  in-lit  l\    i-"ii-n  ni'-i  I    iii-.ii !' 

•  --i  n!  la  i ' '-  MM-  ' -it vi-  in    i  cl.i:  i"ii   i"  .1 ! '.  '  "Mini"' 
' .,  i  c.  n:"  -;   "i    v.  liii-li   \\  i!!  !:•  •;    i»  .n  .1    .1 ;  •!   '  •  i  • 

-••    "ii  in-   haml-.      Tin-    :,,.•: 

»|  lire    n|'     I  In      i'i  ilin!  1  \  .    liliij  :  1:  _;     ;!     a     I.' 

!;•'!:    ;ini|  '•!  "Hi-  in  t ':  •    .•>•••'.  ar.  i 

\\  a-I  •   "ii  Mi-    lii'M      Mia!    )•:  "'1  n-  •  •  i    MfHii 


220  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

(  )n  the  ^ist  day  of  January,  1822.  a  bill  was  passed  appointing  lienj. 
Tappan.  Alfred  Kelley,  Thomas  Worthington,  [eremiah  Morrow.  Isaac 
Miner  and  Kbenc/er  Buckingham,  Jr.  commissioners,  •' Whose  duty  it 
shall  be  to  cause  such  examinations,  surveys  and  estimates  to  be  made 
by  engineers,  etc..  to  ascertain  the  practicability  of  connecting  lake 
Krie  with  the  Ohio  river,  trom  the  Ohio  river  to  the  Maumee  river  bv 
a  canal  through  the  following  routes,  vi/  : — from  Sandusky  bay  to  the 
Ohio  river,  trom  the  Ohio  river  to  the  Maumee  river,  trom  the  lake  to 
the  river  aforesaid  by  the  sources  of-thc  Cuyahoga  and  I'dack  rivers 
and  the  Muskingum  river,  and  trom  the  lake  to  the  sources  of  (irand 
and  Mahoning  rivers  to  the  (  )hio  river." 

(  )n  the  2;th  day  ot  lanuary.  1X23,  a  supplementary  act  was  passed 
with  a  view  of  connecting  the  lake  with  the  Ohio  river,  and  also  of 
ascertaining  whether  a  loan  could  be  secured  lor  that  purpose,  thus 
making  in  fact  the  canal  commissioners  also  the  fund  commissioners. 

DeWitt  Clinton,  in  a  letter  to   Williams,  says  : 

Tlic  state  of  ( )liin.  from  the  fertility  <>f  its  soil,  tin-  benignity  of  its  climate 
and  its  geographical  position,  must  always  contain  a  dense  population,  and 
the  products  and  consumptions  of  its  inhabitants  must  forever  form  a 
lucrative  and  extensive  inland  trade,,  exciting  the  powers  of  productive 
industry  and  communicating  aliment  and  energy  to  extend  commerce,  lint 
when  we  consider  that  this  canal  will  open  a  way  to  the  great  rivers  that 
fall  into  the  Mississippi:  that  it  will  lie  felt,  not  only  in  the  immense  valle\ 
ot  that  river,  but  as  far  west  as  the  Korky  mountains  and  the  borders  of 
Mexico;  and  that  it  will  communicate  with  our  great  inland  seas,  and 
iheir  tributan  rivers:  with  the  ocean  in  various  routes:  and  with  the 
most  productive  regions  of  America,  there  can  be  no  question  respecting 
the  blessings  that  it  will  produce,  the  riches  it  will  create,  and  the  energies 
it  will  call  into  act  i\  it > . 

In  1824.  a  survey  was  made  lor  a  canal  trom  ('incinnati  along  the 
Miami  valley  to  ihe  Maumee  river  at  I)efiancc.  thence  along  the  left 
bank  of  the  same  to  the  bay.  and  an  estimate  thereof  reported  to  the 
legislature.  Mr.  Williams  directed  the  survey  and  tor  ten  years  there 
after  was  the  leading  spirit  ot  the  enterprise.  Samuel  Forrcr  was  the 
iie. id  D|  the  '  orps  of  engineers.  More  than  one  hall  of  this  route  was 
through  a  den-'  tores!  :  there  was  not  mie  house  between  St.  M;ir\- 
the  mouth  ol  the  Auglai/e. 

i  in  the  2.Sth  day  of  May.  1X28.  the  President  of  the  I'niled  States 
appro\  ed  ,111  a<  i  ot  ( 'on gress,  granting  to  Ohio  a  <  jiiantity  ot  land.  e<  pial 
to  one-halt  ol  live  sections  in  width  on  each  side  of  the  canal,  from 
I)ayton  to  the  Maumee  river  at  the  mouth  of  the  Auglai/e.  reserving 
ea«  h  alternate  section  to  the  I'niled  States,  and  the  lands  thus 


CHAPTER  XV. 


SANDUSKY    RIVER  -THE    WOLF    CREEKS     SILVER    CREEK—  HONEY    CREEK 
ROCKY  CREEK     SPICER  CREEK  — MORRISON    CREEK-SUGAR  CREEK-GEN- 
ERAL DRAINAGE     TOPOGRAPHY  AND  GEOLOGY  OF  THE   COUNTY. 


A  HISTORY  of  Seneca  county  would  be  an  utter  failure  without  a 
record  of  the  nature  of  its  soils,  its  sub-stratum,  its  drainage,  etc. 

It  requires  a  mind  learned  in  the  science  of  geology  to  enable  a  person 
to  speak  intelligently  on  the  subject.  Fully  conscious  of  his  inability 
in  that  respect,  the  writer  has  drawn  largely  upon  the  "Report  of  the 
Geological  Survey  ot  Ohio,"  made  under  a  law  passed  by  the  General 
Assembly  of  Ohio,  in  March.  1869.  by  which  the  Governor  of  Ohio 
was  authori/ed,  by  and  with  the  advice  of  the  Senate,  to  appoint  a 
(  hiet  geologist,  and  one  or  more  assistants,  not  exceeding  three  in 
number,  who  were  to  constitute  a  geological  corps,  and  whose  duty  was 
to  make  a  complete  and  thorough  geological,  agricultural  and  mineral- 
"gical  survey  of  each  and  every  county  in  the  state.  The  >e<  ond 
^ection  of  said  act  defines  the  object  ot  said  survey,  vi/:  To  ascertain 
the  geological  structure  of  the  state,  including  the  dip.  magnitude, 
'lumber,  order  and  relative  position  ot  the  several  strata,  their  richness 
in  coals,  clays,  ores,  mineral  waters  and  manures,  building  stone  and 
"ther  useful  material.  To  ^ecurc  accurate  chemical  analyses  ot  the 
-oils,  etc.  To  ascertain  the  local  causes  thai  prodm  e  variation.-.  <M 
i  1 1 mate  ;u  the-  th Herein  M.-<  lions  o|  tin.1 
'ires,  soil-.,  fossils,  oranic  rema 


priau-d    i< 

'!    the   Mill' 
;  •:  \  i  •  \    was  ' '  '  ( 

r:  \   \v,i-  appointed  <  hiel  geologist,  and    I 
(i    1.  II.  Klippart  assistant  geologist..      S 
•    • .         local  a  .-i--!ants. 

ire.  and  will    be.  published    in    limited    numbers  only. 


'M>!  tin;  trw  oi    tho    iv.idor^  "t    tho-i-    p.i^i  -  \\.il  !>.,•  :!u    ii\\:n  i-  ./;    •'. 
I'hoV  will  In-  \oi\    i.ir^i-  and  l>'i:k\,  a 

'»  find  ;ho  material  do-^rod  l^r  m;r    |>'.;i[»,  '|  ':,.     •  ;•.,  •..;.;    ir.id-: 

'."iiii  sim  c  have  lu-rii  i  a'lod  in  !K>  la'/m-f-.  !•  -:at<    «:   <  »;;. 

a^am    a]i|i<»;nt    a    iur|»    <  >\    _:••  •;•  •_:«  a!    on_:;m-or-    ;\i  •    ^ir.  ••-.•  •  •• 

(  Miii»  at  an  i-\i>iMi»i-  i  >i   huni  Iroi-  ->i    ;!•.•  I'l-ainl-  •  -:  -:••.'.  i:  -        I  ;.af  j..ii  T  .  • 
I!K-^C    rrjniri^    n-ti-rriiiL;    !<>    tlir   a-^rn  ultural    ii.  pa:  ru.t  :.: .  ':. 
ili-t  nl/iiu-d  a>  \  ct. 

In  \'icw  ill  all  thi-^i-  lai  !  --.  I  la-  lar^i-r  \><  irt  .>  >n  i  ii  !'[);•>  >  i.a1  •:•  ;'  .--  iii-\  •  >'.>  >\ 
tn    this    intrri.  ->t  ;n_r    >'ili|r(  t.       l.c!    u^    l«mk  a;   Snin  a    i««-.nt\    linn;    I!.: 
•>t.in»ljiiiint. 

It   !•<  slali-t!  :M  a  !i  irnuT  •  haj  >t'T    (  'ha|  >.   X.     ;  hat   tin-  !>a>-    l-iiif*-  l«  >:  in  :._ 
'. iu-  ^t nit h  Inir  oi    >-,  ;HM  .1  i  i  ''in:  \    i-«  tin-  !<  'i"!  \    iir>:    tli-^i'i  >    ;.•••'!.  l.\'  .••:•:• 
I  ir.ii  <>n  !iu-  niaj-  -c»tit>n    :!.;rt\   <im-    in    I  .'ion    !"\\ii>h:]'.  ami    r;n  .\    • 
;'nu;iT    :;p    tii    M.-(  tiiin    nnirtt-rn    in    ('hnt'iii.    <luo    ii'irth.    \\';l:ih    . 
:mli->  tr'iin  tin-  ha>i-  lino,  ami  yon  !ja\r  !hr  latitmif  "!     I  ittin.  .}'.    .  ;    \ 
nt'  thr  O'|iiat'ir.  ami  !'in_;ituilo  'i    .s'  \\.nt'  NN'a^liin^tun.       I  itnn  >  ;!>  • . 
I'-rc  So  in:io^  in  irtli  Hi    I  'i  )luinliii>.  ar.i  1    ;  ;  niilo-  -<  >ut  h\\  <--!  «l    >amiu^k\  . 
I  horo  aro    ju^t  twolvo  ranuo^  lu-twr^n  the  ur-i   liiu-  nt    >i  iu  >  a    ami    tin 
~-Ta!o  nt    Indiana,  lioinu  t>\\:      ;j  inilr>. 

S<TH-I  a  '  i  >'int\    i-  In  mndod  "ii  tho  -o;ith  \>\    tin-   <  •  »untio-  <  <i    ('  \\\.\\  \«\<\ 
.  ml  U'yan.l'.t:    .m    tho  wv-t    l.\    Ham  ...  k    and  W. ..•.!. 

>amlu^ky,    and     'Hi     tho    oa-t     l>v     llnrmi.       lt>    K-n^t!:     and    uidth     air 
do>i  I'i'hod    ;n  (   liaji.   \.       !'^    --I'.ajio  i>  a  m  :aim!iiar    paraiifli  i^r.iin.  >  <  <' 
ta.nin.,'  nttcon   t'  i\\  !i-hi]  P-N. 

\  \  I  1    K  \  I      I  •  K  \  1  \  \  i  ,  I  . 

Ttio    Sandu-k\    ri1.  or.  r".nn:n_    thi'i  '•:_!:  '.\:>-  .-••;:.;  \    :;,,-M    ::.;      -..•:':    •    • 
' ;  •  i  •    m  i  r ;  h .  <  1 1  \  :  d  o  N  i ;   •  n  i ,  >    \  \\ , .    n  i  •  a  r !  \   o  • ;  • :  a  1    ;•.::•-..'.••: 


2?4  HISTORY    OF    SF.XECA    COUNTY. 

into  Seneca,  where  it  keeps  on  its  course  alon.LC  the  eastern  tier  of 
>ections  in  Seneca  township,  and  enters  section  36  in  Hopewell;  taking 
a  straight  northward  direction,  it  turns  northeastwardly  and  enters 
section  K>  in  Clinton,  passes  through  Tiftin.  runs  through  sections  17. 
i)  and  s  in  Clinton,  enters  section  ^j  in  Pleasant,  where  it  makes  many 
turns  in  all  directions,  and  finally  leaves  the  county  in  the  northeast 
corner  of  section  ^  in  Pleasant. 

The  various  branches  of  \Volf  creek  start  near  the  southern  line  of 
the  count),  west  ot  the  river.  the  eastern  branch  running  almost  par 
alel  with  the  river  throughout  the  count}'.  A  short  distance  north  of 
the  north  line  ot  Seneca  count}'  the  several  branches  ot  \Voll  <  reek 
unite,  and.  taking  a  short  turn  eastwardly.  immediately  enter  the  river. 
There  seems  to  be  a  water  shed  all  alon.u  the  east  line  ot  the  count} 
of  Seneca  that  sends  its  waters  westward  into  the  Sandusky.  Hone} 
creek  and  Rock}'  creek  both  run  in  a  westerly  direction  about  twelve 
miles,  without  taking  into  account  their  meanderin^s.  when  the}'  run 
-.outhwest  about  six  miles,  then  turn  northwest,  and  in  that  direction 
enter  the  river.  Ilonev  creek  takes  up  Silver  creek  near  the  northeast 
corner  of  section  24111  Kden,  from  an  easterly  direction,  and  enters  the 
Sandusky  in  section  ^d  in  llo]>ewell.  Rocky  (reek  enters  the  river  at 
Tiftin  in  section  i<;.  in  ('lintoii:  Willow  creek  and  Morrison  creek  llow 
into  the  Sandusky  in  section  17.  in  Clinton:  Spicer  creek  mouths  into 
tile  Sandusk}'  in  section  ^S  in  Pleasant,  and  Su^ar  creek  in  section  _"_' 
of  tlie  same  townshi]).  In  this  township  two  >mall  brooks  --rain  water 
creeks  --each  about  one  mile  Ion:,',  enter  the  river  trom  the  let!  bank. 
Six  creeks  enter  the  river  from  the  east,  within  fifteen  miles  irom  the 
ii,:-e  line.  Thus  i;  is  seen  that  Seneca  county  is  \\ell  watered. 

This  peculiarity  in  the  southern  bends  o!  boih  Ilonev  creek  and 
kot  k  \  creek  is  in  it  con  lined  i  o  this  county,  and  ma  v  be  due  to  the  halt  - 
:;:_:  retreat  of  the  -lacier.  when  ihrouin-  do\\u  the  unmodified  drill 


.  .     nitila  !  ion--.  \\  h  1  1  h  !urt  her  \\  e-  1  and  a!   iowi  r  le\  els.  were 

'    to   d          '    the    drainage    Irom    the   general    (  otirse    oi    the 

\  .       ,  i}'  be    i  i  unpared  to  ;hi  •    e\i  eiuU'd    moraine  whu! 

'-  St.   M;;i'\-   and    the    \\aba-h    r:\.-r-    ii'oin    their    mostdire(! 

1  .  ;•  <  .  ah  iii^  their  up]  n  r  \'.  aters. 


l'lea-.ant.  the    iMMiu-Mi    !i.i!f  •«:'   l|..-,-u    '.    uid  a  -ma'.l    p.ir1     ••    I  ...•:.-:;. 
present  the  pc<  uliar  features  ,.i    •!,,    .  L.    .•.•;.•       :.  — ...;i 

liu-   V.a^ara  lime-tune  r>e-.  ;;:   \\;<;<-    •;:.;•;:.•     .;.-.    i '-,..-.    •    •'-..-    -•:::.[.  i- 
D!    I lu-    drill.  ;ir,d  i-  as    i'i  <••  i \niil \     -\\'\ •'.  ••  • '.    \\ ."'..    >ai.d\     .n  •  •:nt'i!.i>."n> 
and  liDuldefs  as  in  <  mint:-.  -  fur'her  ii"if':.        I         -IK:  i-  •    »\    th-->c  :-iwsi 
>h:ji>.  c 'thrrui^f,  i-s  \cr\     ila;.        I  ii<     i'-ni.i.:.  •    '}.<•    >    i-.:.^.    \vr-t    ••! 

tlif  >ai.ilu-k\   ri\iT.  a>  \\<-il  .1-  tlu-    :  •  >\\  n-:.: ;        >:    <    ,.:,•-:     .1;..!    l.iii-i:    »n 
tlu-  i-a>t.  i>  L'iitirr!\   \viihiiut   -r.i  h  'MIH-^:-  •:  ••   i-\  .    uid  tin-  -'in.nr. 

ui.cn  n-  it  liruki-i!  l>\  drai;:a.;r  \alh-\-.  .-  _••:  '!\  :;::«';-i;  .'  n_       '1  :. 
part  t>i    tiu-  '  "!Hi;\    i-  (  iin^!>iiTa!»l\   Minn- 

\\  I'-'crti.  and  the  ^MMai  r  i-  i  liarai  'rr:/cd  a'  •>!!<  r  ;«\  '"!:_'-;  ;•  •;  iiinM- 
<  •  M;>:I irral i!r  ui'.i'.ula! !•  >n>.  whii  h  ha\r  r::r  innii.  '.'-r\  ••;'('.  •  •!  ;.''._'•>. 
c\cnl\  i'i\iTid  li\  drill.  nini;;n_  al't>nt  !;•  >\  •fln-a>;  aui  -•  •'::!.  \\  ••-:.  l'!r.> 
Lii'i-atiT  i-!i-vat:i'ii  i>,  due  tn  ;lu-  greater  re-  -.t.un  *  • .:  'In-  <••:!..:••! .»!:«. 
Lint  -:<  'in-  ID  ;  hr  !D|-I  es  i  if  :lii.-  ^l.n  ial  c\<-  ><  h.  \\<i\  \<  >  ':j'iu-a\  a!.  a>  inan\ 
tatiiy:  \vlnlr  the  nn^inal  inec jiialit:e>  ;:i  the  dr:tt  >':::tie  luxe  ':...-!•, 
iin  reaped  hy  the  LTD^IDII  D]  -,treain>  1'here  are  -;;i'..  e\e:i  .:.  tiu-  ra-t 
ern  poi'tinn  Dt"  the  cnunty.  ilat  tracts  \\  here  the  ilr.i.n.u.-  •  >"  >'."«. 
that  the  wa-hiii^-  irdn  the  hiil  side-  !ia\e  le\  eied  Up  the  \<>\\>-\  _r.>'::;d- 
with  aliu\'!.d  and  inar-h\  a«  i  uinulat  :mi-.  In  -u>  h  i  a-i-*:{:!Vi  '.'-\ated 
dn't  -kni>ii>  are  ^ra\  eiiy.  a  I'M!  -Imu  > »  <  a-ii  iiia!  l>Dulder-;  In;:  \\\  tin-  Ir\  el 
trait  whii  h  h.i-  lieen  filled.  HD  lxnilder>.  <n~  even  ^:«'iie-  D;  a;;\  k;i'.d. 


The  streams  are  bounded  l>y  a  llood  plain  and  a  -.:,_'.e  terra,  e         I  he 
latter,    in    case    oi    the   smaller    streams.  >    nut  uell   denned,    espei  :a!I\ 
where  'd:e    general    suilaie    is    n<>!    ilat.       Th.e    :"!i"\\  .:•._    '.•  ._:.'-    ••'    ''" 
terrace.    al)ove    the    Bummer    -la^e    ot    the    t:\er,    \\.-ri-    a--  e      i.:..-d    \>\ 
I.DI  ke\   level: 


!'.ig  Spring  township,  the  whole  country  is  in  a  tillable  ci 
Hence,  it  is  settled  with  a  class  of  intelligent  and  prosperous  farmers, 
who  keep  the  land  generally  under  constant  cultivation.  The  original 
forest,  which  is  now  to  a  great  extent  removed,  embraced  the  usual 
variety  of  oak.  hickorv,  beech,  maple,  elm.  ash.  poplar  and  walnut. 


The  rocks  that  underlie  the  county  have  a  general  dip  towards  the 
east.  Hence,  the  Niagara  limestone,  in  the  western  portion  of  the 
county,  is  succeeded  by  the  higher  formations  in  regular  order  in  trav- 
eling east.  They  are  the  water  limestone,  the  Onskanv  sandstone, 
the  Lower  (.'ornitenms.  the  I'ppcr  Corniferous.  the  Hamilton  shale. 
and  the  Huron  shale,  or  black  slade.  The  eastern  boundary  ot  the 
Niagara  enters  the  counlv  a  littk'  east  of  (Ireen  Spring,  in  a  south- 
westerly direction,  and  crossing  the  Sandusky  river  at  Tittin.  it  turns 
westward  nearly  to  the  center  of  Hopewell  township,  where  it  again 
turns  southwest.  and  leaves  the  county  at  Adrian.  All  west  "I  this  line- 
is  underlain  by  the  Niagara,  which  is  not  divided  into  two  belts,  as  in 
Sandiiskv  and  Ottawa  counties.  The  strip  of  the  waterlime  which 
separates  it  in  those  counties,  probably  just  indents  the  northern  line 
ot  the  count}'  in  1'leasant,  township.  The  outcropping  edge  ot  the 
I'pper  ('orniferous  is  the  only  other  geological  boundary  that  can  be 
dehmtcly  located.  Those  on  either  side  are  so  obscured  by  the  drill. 
that  their  located  positions  on  the  map  must  be  regarded  as  conjectured. 
In  general,  however,  the  waterlime  underlies  a  strip  along  the  eastern 
side  o!  the  Niagara  area,  about  live  miles  in  width  on  the  north,  but 
widening  to  nine  miles  on  the  south.  The  Lower  ("orniferous  underlies 
the  western  part  ol  I  '.loom  and  Scipio  townships,  and  the  eastern  part 
oi  Adams.  The  I  pper  ('orniferous  occupies  the  most  ol  Thompson 
and  Keed  townships,  the  western  portion  of  Venice,  and  the  eastern 
portion  of  Illoom  and  Scipio.  The  Hamilton  and  the  I'.lack  shale  have 
i)i>t  been  seen  in  out  <  rop  in  the  <  oiintv.  but  arc  bebe\ed  to  underlie  a 
small  area  in  ttie  southeastern  portion  oi  the  county.  The  I'.lack  shah 
mas'  1  -cell  in  the  valley  of  Slate  Run.  Norwich  town-hip,  in  Huron 


•  '<'  si-rtioii  />.  in  a  little  creek.  No  dip  discoverable.  In  section 
i'1  "  i  '  ridge  is  crossed,  and  slightly  excavated  by  the  railroad. 
(  e!it  so  gentle  the  grade  rises  over  it.  N.  \V.  ;_(  of  section 


S.    \\  .     •  .     nt'    MM  ::,,n    (.  |t 
\vr-»!    n!'    llu-   S.    i    . 

So  tii  in  ;.  hah  .1  m:!r  »<:;> 
t'nc  \\  •,->[  1  ir.uii  li  i  if  \\  ill  i  r< 
\\'  <  •  >  t . 

SIM   [1D11     1      •        \  i'  >!!_;'.  !'-C    i   .!  -: 

\.  i:.   ..  .,!'  MM  ti..n  _'S.  \.  \\ 

lir.un  |.  ,,!'  \\  ,,ir  ,  ivi-k.  -i-rtiju 
l.ri.Ui--.      >.  \\  .    :,    in    M-.  !i,.n 

.;...  ill  \\  i'!:'  rivrk.  S.  \\.  . 
thl.  k  1),-,N.  UNO!  l.y  Mr.  C,.M)i 
,1;;.  f  N.  L.  \.  \V.  sc.  ti- 


N  i  >  r '  1 1  u~  r  •>  I  i  j  1 1  ;  i"  i  •  i'  lit    -.  <.•  i  I ',<}]}    i 
r.i-t .  _;i.t(  i.il  -i  r.it<  !n-^.  -M  1'ith  ;<p 
In    llu-    l.r.i    M!'  tlu-    rivrr    at    K- 
_r.unr< !.  iiln:  >)i    linn-Mi  un-    ha-'    I 
1  lilt    i  iu  ;n_    in    it-    hanlnr»    a: 


on  tliis  exposure  will  show  the  undulations  in  the'  dip  of  the  beds,  and 
the  manner  of  the  oceurrenre  of  the  tossiliferous  beds,  which  have  by 
some  been  regarded  as  a  distinct  member  of  the  I'pper  Silurian  al>ove 
the  Niagara.  They  make.  here,  a  sudden  appearance  within  the  form- 
ation. ha\  ing  hori/ontai  continuity  with  the  more  usual  hard.  gray,  and 
thick- bedded  Niagara,  which  contains  fewer  fossil  remains. 

A>cending  the  river  from  section  21).  in  Pleasant  township,  glacial 
furrows.  S.  44  \\ '..  the  dips  of  the  Niagara  were  observed,  together 
with  the  water  lime  formations  to  some  distance  southwest  of  Tiffin, 
varying  iron;  three  to  eighteen  feet  in  all  directions,  and  resulted  thus: 

Total  southwest  dip S;  ft.   10  in. 

Total  northeast  dip 33  ft. 


Actual  southwest  dij)  of  the  formation 54  ft.  10  in. 

From  this  it  appears  that  the  Niagara  limestone,  especially  the 
uppermost,  fifty-live  feet.  is.  in  general,  a  gray  crystalline,  rather  fine- 
grained, compact,  or  slightly  visicular  and  unfossililerous  mass:  and  that 
the  fossiliferous  parts  are  rough  and  visicular,  of  a  light  butt  color,  apt 
to  crumble  under  the  weather,  and  not  horizontally  continuous. 

The  green  shale,  which  in  Sandusky  county  represents  the  Salina, 
has  nowhere  been  seen  in  Seneca  count}'.  The  only  place  within  the 
county  where  the  junction  of  the  Niagara  and  waterlime  has  been 
observed,  is  in  the  quarries  at  Tiffin,  within  the  corporate  limits.  A 
few  rods  above  the  iron  bridge  on  Washington  street,  a  quarry  has  been 
opened  in  the  left  bank  of  the  Sandusky  which  may  be  designated 
as  quarry  No.  i.  The  Niagara  shows  in  a  broad  surface  exposure,  over 
whirl)  the  river  spreads,  except  in  its  lowest  stage.  The  quarry  has  not 
penetrated  it.  but  the  overlying  water  lime  beds  have  been  stripped  off, 
showing  a  se<  iion  of  12  feet  in  their  beds,  belonging  to  phase  No.  3. 
This  lies  conformablv  on  the  Niagara,  so  tar  as  can  be  seen,  the  sepa- 
rating siirfa<  e  presenting  no  unusual  flexures  or  irregularities.  The 
only  trai  e  of  the  >alina  is  in  the  tendency  of  the  color  and  texture  of 
the  Niagara  toward-*  those  of  the  water  lime,  visible  through  its  last 

s  blui-h  drab,  porous,  crvstalline.  with  some 


immediatclv  into  a  bluish 


ri.uht  hank  ot    the  ri\er.  and  is  kno\\n  as  ;he  •  it\  <iMarr\ 
is    southwest,    six     or    ei_dit     decrees.      ^-;pt  •  is.t;_;     :''.:• 
betueen    '(Harries    Nos.    i   ,md    j.  th,  ;• 
twenty  live    or    thirty    t'eet    of  the    f.>::ua'.' 
e\p,  (seil,    I  7   I',,  'i  in. 

The    .  h.ir.i-  teristi,     fo> 

parts  of  this  see!  ion,  IIM;     •   \s  (  .  i.i!!\  :  .:.   N 

roi  k  is   all    hard    and    erv^ta:':  ie.  :•.:   :\  .  • ' 
caret  11 1  e' \.uni nation.  nn^ht  lie  taken  ;••:    N.  i_  i:  i. 
broken  into  tr.uments  i,if  roads.  the  <  •<. •  «f  .,;    ;h--  p.',. 
months,  is  a  pleasant  Iduish  ^ra\  .      \  e!  i  >n  i  i.  .s--    ,-\  un 
tints    \anish.  and    the    stone    shows  a  dra!>.  a  dark    • 
Id. irk  and  a  Idnish  _;ra\.    the  la>:   two  o;i!\    ,i;>  t:ie  in;,  s 
depending  on  the  tr.u  ture  or  stiri'ai  e  examined. 

The  river,    jtist  in  the  southern  limits  of  the  •  ity.  is  ;; 
rock    i  an  lie  tollowed    alon.;    the    s.mie    hank     o;    t!i'-    r 
t\\ent\    rods    trom    the    iore_;oin-    i|iiarr\.  and    !ia-    ,ui 
e\posi;r/    throiiL,rh(>nt    that    tlistam  c.  w.th  a  rontiiiuo'.is 
The  roi  k    then    tollows    the    Idut'f.  whi<  h    sfnkes    .K  ross 
liottom.  and  is  not  seen    a_rain  until  a  mile    firther    -ip 
here  '[Married    and    li-irnt    into    lime.      The  d:]>  is  in  the 
lion      that  is.  towards    the    north..       This    is   .j-;arv\    No 
•  I  in. 

This  fin  k  is  ijiiite  diiien-nt   in  most  .it    its  e\:(  r:.a! 
desi  rilied  iii  the  hist  I\\M  sections,  and  .',   ]>'.'"':>.*':  >'\    o\ «  : 
mm  li  more  loose-drained  and  porous,  and   i-    i:n:  •-'  \\    t 
I'll  His.       Tile   lieds   are  general  I  \    -;\    (,i   ;\\e! \  i 
feet   in  thii  knr-.--.       I ;   has  more  <  onsMn'i.v    '!  e  •  \  ; 
w  a  t  e  r  1  i  n  H'  .     and    it    shows.    1  >  e  s  i  d  <  •  -    1 1 :  e 
iikr    atrypa    suit  ata.  and  a  h  ind-ojne  .  •         •'•; 

ta\  ositoid  i  <  iral.  all  ot    svh:<  h  are  o-: ,  : 

In  the  S.  I..   :;  of  s  •,  tion  .-.-.  II,, ;  \|- 

^er   i  j  names    water  inn  e    in    t!:  <  \\ 

ei-ht    decrees. 

The  \\  aterlime  a ppe.it's    n  t h.:i.  > !'  •• 
duskv  in   V   I'..      .    of  se,  :!..::   .-  ;.  S  :,.  .    .  •     A- 


2$0  HISTORY    OF    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

line    of  outcrop    probably    passes    through    Adams,    Clinton  and    Lden     - 
townships. 

The  Lower  Corniferous  has  been  observed  in  the  following  places: 
S.  \V.  ;_  of  section  i.  Kdcn  township.  Along  the  bed  of  a  little 
creek,  tributary  to  Rocky  creek,  a  magnesian,  buff,  granular  limestone 
is  exposed.  It  has  no  jossils.  so  tar  as  can  be  seen  in  the  meager  out- 
crops. It  is  also  >een  in  the  banks  along  the  creek,  on  the  farm  of  Mr. 
Ferguson.  It  was  tormeriv  (married,  to  a  limited  extent,  and  used  for 
rough  walls.  It  is  rather  sott  at  first,  but  is  i-.aid  to  become  harder 
when  the  water  is  dried  out.  There  is  no  dip  discoverable. 

N.  \V.  >_,  of  section  JD.  I'.loom  township.  In  the  right  bank  of  Sil- 
ver (reek  there  is  an  exposure  of  higher  beds  of  the  Lower  Corniferous. 
as  tolli  >ws.  in  nil  above  : 

No.  i  —  In  beds  of  two  to  six  inches;  buff  and  dark  buff,  magne- 
sian  :  very  slightly  fossil iferous;  some  hard  ami  crystalline. 
some  sott  and  spongy.  These  edges  do  not  appear  to 
be  slaty.  They  have  been  long  weathered  and  lie  loose. 
This  is  near  the  junction  oi  the  Lower  and  I  pperCornii- 
en  nis.  io  it. 

No.  2— Magnesian  ;  rather  hard:  crystalline:  non-fossiliferous: 
buff  when  dry:  line  grained:  banded  with  darker  buff,  or 
with  brown  when  in  thicker  beds.  Ileds  '•  inch  to  ;r 


Lying  nearly  hori/oiital  five  or  s;\  rods,  at  the  east  er.d  ot  the  blulf 
the  bed-  diji  cast  and  di-appcar.  A  little  west  ot  this  exposure  the 
magncsian.  non-fossiliferous,  thick -bedded  characters  ot  the  Lower  Cor- 
niferous may  be  seen  in  the  bed  of  the  creek.  Lightecn  or  twenty  rods 
to  the  east,  the  features  and  loss  i  Is  ot  the  I  ppd'  (  'ornilen  >us  appear  in 
an  old  i|narr\  hv  the  roadside,  where  the  dip  is  L.  N.  L. 

S.  \\  .    !;   of  section  3.  Scipio  township.      Along  the  channel  of  Sugar 

creek,  on  the  land  oi  Lnoc  li  |-'ry.  a  stone  is  exposed  which  appears  like 
i  .owi  r  Cornifcroiis.  It  i-  sott.  <  oarse  grained,  and  without  visible  fossils. 
A  pond  !>•(  ated  near  this  p]a<  e.  which  has  precipitous  banks  and  some- 
times bet  omes  dr\.  is  probablv  caused  by  subterranean  disturbances 
and  .  ro,;, 

'I  In-  'jiiarn  oi  Mr.  I  )avid  W\  att.  N .  \\'.  '.;  of  section  i .  Scipio  town- 
ship, is  in  .  ;1  n  bedded,  bluff  stone,  which  ha-  no  tendciu  y  to  blue, 
without  fo  .  i]  iiii  hided  within  the  Lower  Corniferous. 


Thr  1  .<  >\\vr  <  'nrnitiTim-,  i^    i 
!i  >wn-hi]  ..  .i!>  MIL;  the  puMii    r».i«i. 

V  !'.  !.;  i>:  -c<  ti<>n  .MI.  I.  .'.en  t 
_;ra\  !'<"  k.  \\  c.i!  hi-nn^  !>'!",  u; 
r.  MI!.  I  '.  M-em-  apt  ;.>  !i:v.  ik  in; 
a<  I-D^S.  I:  i>  rather  haul.  I;  ; 
(  '.  irr.ii'en  iiis. 

Tin-  o|)|"  irtlinit  le-.  Ii>r  ul)>er\  :: 
u  iiliin  tlu-  cnunt  arc  i;>  >!  -•:!•;. 


c]  11  u  h.  ami  in  i\v  ina\  In-  ini  'iv  Irei  pit  : 
i  i  ia  )••«(•  (iril'l.  IK-I  M|i_vin^  tlu-  hi^h'^t  |i.irt> 
main  \\a'r<  -hni.  Thr  <  iMr>i'm--^  n|  tli> 
ii\v;iiu  tn  tin-  \va-hin^>  by  rain-,  ami  ltv-1 
i  ;ai  C[MII  h.  It  i-.  an  una-.-Mirti-il  hai'-ipa: 
-tri.f  in  the  n  >ek  lx-ln\v. 

T!.'  -  ji.irt  i  >i  the  (  'i  in:  :  u-r<  >M-  ;  -•  i-\\»< 
•]'.'-  i  i  ,•;:.'.  \  .      1  1  i'iirni-'he>  a  \'ei  \  :i>ri'i!  !>M 
u-e«!  ;  i:   ail  \val!>.  :>  >uni  iat  i>  m-.  ,iii'  1   -  mr 


V  \Y.  .  .it'  -e,  ;i,.M  *-.  It  i  i,.M-!\  •: 
lirit;  he;nu  thin,  the  -nil  -mnetinie 
,,uneil  !,\  Mr  Jnhn  \\  .  1'aine. 

V    \\  .       .     nt    -e,   linn     id.         Ml.    (  ;,-,,|. 

: ;;  the  miii-t  i 't  .1  lieli  1  in  line  i  i:!t  :\ 
'...:  in  j,;  <!ritt  at  the  .  j-iarry  <-':_;ln  ;in  i 
au  a\ .  Same  :  ,  -ei  tinti.  >amuel  K 
teel  perpeiii  lit  lll.ll' :  liei  i-  a!n  "K  i : .  <r:  ' 

>.   \\  .      _     nt'  sei  I  ii  ni     i .(.       \\'  •:'•"  n 
ei_lit    te"t    i  'I'  lilne,   thin    l>e>U.  \\  !li;i  i;    -i 
;.  i\\  anU  the  u  e-t .  tlie    i. mi   ;  • 
e.i-t.       I  ai-e.  ham!-,  -m-- 

\.  I!.    '.    .,!    M-,  -i..n    .-.    I1.-- 
a'l.ri!   three    |e,-t  ,,;    ,!r  :•    .->•  :   ••  • 
vv     leet     perpe;;,;.,  [|*.ii^\    . 
au  a\    i  i\    Ira.  I  vie  i.  i\v  i' . :  - 

S.  \\'.    :  .    . '!'  -e.  I  :.  MI    I  .       (ha 
the  -ame  i>   true    ni    1  !  artman'  - 


j^j  HlsTORY    n|/    SKNIX'A    COUNTY. 

irregular  opening,  facing  mostly  north  and  west.  Mr.  Good's  faces 
north  and  east. 

S.  F.  ';  of  section  i.  In  the  edge  of  Huron  county,  Mr.  George 
Sheffield  has  a  quarry  in  hori/ontal  beds:  gravelly  soil  eighteen  inches. 

S.   F.    ;;   ol    sction   i.      Ouarry  of  William  Clemens. 

N.  F.  !-  of  section  21.  Ouarry  of  loseph  Shirk.  This  consists  of 
a  mass  of  shattered  and  dislodged  beds,  from  which,  however,  good 
stone  is  taken.  In  one  place,  a  mass  showing  a  perpendicular  thick- 
ness of  rive  feet  is  twisted  away  from  its  original  position,  the  planes 
of  jointing  indicating  where  it  ought  to  be.  It  is  removed  two  teet 
from  its  natural  place.  The  projection  beyond  the  face  of  the  other 
beds  tapers,  in  the  distance  of  about  fifteen  feet,  to  a  few  inches,  and 
is  hid  by  debris. 

Northeast  quarter  of  section  15.  quarry  of  John  M.  Krauss. 

Northeast  quarter  of    section  29.  quarry  ot    Mrs.  Joseph  Hoover. 

Northeast  quarter  of  section   10,  quarry  ot    Isaac   Karn. 

Northwest  quarter  of  section   M.  quarry  of  Tunis  Wygart. 

Northwest  quarter  of  section  2.  quarry  ot    Grimes  heirs. 

Many  others  also  have  small  openings  in  the  rocks  in  this  township. 
Thev  are  nearly  all  in  the  midst  ot  cultivated  fields,  and  there  is  a 
remarkable  absence  of  boulders,  although  the  rock  is  sometimes  seen 
projecting  above  the  surface.  There  are  a  tew  boulders,  but  they  are 
such  as  belong  to  the  drift,  and  have  been  dug  out  by  the  erosion  of 
streams,  or  by  man.  They  are  not  thick  about  rocky  outcrops,  as  in 
the  lacustrine  reuion. 


Northwest  quarter  of  section  11.  Lewis  Fisher  ha>  an  extensive 
quarry  in  the  I'pper  Corniferous.  in  the  valley  of  a  little  tributary  to 
Honey  creek.  About  fifteen  teet  ot  bedding  are  exposed.  King  nearly 
liori/ontal.  The  lowest  beds  are  about  eighteen  inches  in  thickness, 
and  softer,  yet  of  a  blue  color  like  the  rest.  In  working  Mr.  Fisher's 
quarry,  it  has  become  necessary  to  remove  about  ten  lee',  ot  hardpan 
drift. 

Northeast  quarter  ot  section  10.  Jacob  Oetwiller's  quarry  is  also  a;i 
extensive  opening,  and  exposes  beds  a  u-w  teet  lower  than  Mr.  Fisher's. 
'I  lie  lowest  see  nis  to  be  of  a  lighter  color,  and  in '1st  be  near  the  1  MI!  ton, 
of  the  I  pper  Corniferous.  A  stream  disappears  in  this  quarry,  in  time 

o!     ;r,.-/       I. 

So-ill  ,vi  •  juartcr  of  section  2.  Henry  Detterman's  quarry  is  located 
in  the  vallev  o!  H<  >nev  <  reek. 


there    is    considerable    i-\po-,iitc    D!    the    I    ;        :    t    •• 
exti'iisivi.-ly  \\rouuht  hv  Abraham    ka^\.        Ii. 
nous  dip.   K.  S.   I ...  au"oniir._ 
ND.  i       i ossilHerous  beds  u;'h  .  h 

hedded.   D!     bluish    _r.i\     '  "'.o! 
N-.   j     •Thin,    ll.i^.    ienli.  <ii  i 

<  olor  ;     ii  u-.i.    brittle,     ind     - 

[N.-li  .       No.     2     \\.ini.l     !.:.,!,.,•,!>     1 
trcshiy  e\pn-ed.  ) 
ND.    .      The  same  as  N,..  2.  hut   in  in.nv  i  \  en  bed,, 


Northwest    .juarter    nt    section     _•</.        Noah     l.iii-, 
piarry .  in  iieiU  \vhi<  h  dip   1 ..   N .   I  .. 

Northwest   (|iiarti'r  (it    scctimi  _• ,  .  Kee.i    ID\V:IN!I;.]I 
nilcroiis  is  ijuarried  hv    Mr.  AniistrDn.;. 


TlirDii^'liDiit    this   county,  this   deposit    lies    as  it    \\.is    iet:    \>\ 
cicr.       I  he  mass  ot  it  is  an  unassorted  hardpan,  hut  it  sho\\-.  \ •, 
glacial  stratification    in<  idcnt  to  streani>  ot    water    arising    ironi 
solution  o!    the  K  e.      Such    (  ases  oi    stratitK  atioii    are    most    i  • 
llie  urcat  \alleys  where  the  waters   nei  e>sa!'ii\    a<  '  unrilated. 
!>\    no  means   i  omnion,  nor  unitorni  in  ;!i<-:r    IOI.I'ID 
•  ally.      In    some    <  ases   the    -,;  ra;  iiii  a;  ion    aris    s    nist-f^    <•:    -.':.' 
siirtai  e.  or    pre\ail>    to    tlie    deptli    ol'thir's    o;     tor's     te:  •  . 
embraces  one  or  more  ln-iK  ot    hai'd.j.an.  \\lr.<  :.  ''.  r.e    . rr-  _  .  a1 
In  s,-i  t  ion  jo.   I'.den  I  ou'ii  sh;  1 1.  the  ';  '.ink  s  t  ,\    \  I   <•,<  \    i  :    ,-'-.    A  •  : 
larl\    noted,  and  ma\    !u-  des,  nhed  a-  lol'ous 

N  o .     |  1  i 1 i  s   i  N   i  m  ] ,  e 1  i  e  i   t  1  \    e  \  p  o  ,  i  .  i .   1 .  • : ;    \\  i . .   •  ,   \      •  .     :'.':. 

si  irted    hardpan    \\  itli    <  o::-:,  !••:  a:  •', 
so;!  ot'  the  i  oi:nt\  .  and 
No.   .-       Is  blue,  and  ,  ..m|... 

hardpan.  i  on;  r  'i  ''^    \\  i'  •  :    \v  D- 
ot'  all  kind-  and  >i  --.  appa:  .••;•'•,   •; 
itied.  and  i-  d  -    •  •:    i  •  -.11 

spring,  ..:  I-.-M   :•  r  >•;-  u  ^.M         [  •          •  d 


234  HISTORY   or   SF.NKCA  COUNTY. 

be  called   sand.      The   lowest   seen  in  No.  2  is  a  layer  of 
eighteen  inches,  at  least,  of  clear  sand.  30  ft. 

No.    }  -Talus   of   round    pebbles   and    stones,    mostly    limestone, 

and  frequently  stained  with  iron  oxide.  3  ft. 

The  thickness  of  the  drift  cannot  be  slated  with  certainty.      At  Attica. 

in  the  township  of  Venice,  wells   penetrate  it  to  the   depth  of -sixty  feet 

wi'.hout  striking  the  rock.      'I'his  is  the  highest  point  within  the  count}'. 

and  the  general  snrtace  is  rolling. 


Next  to  the  products  of  the  soil,  the  most  important  resources  of 
Seneca  county  consist  in  the  products  o|  the  quarries.  Throughout 
most  of  the  countv  there  is  no  ditlicnlty  in  obtaining  good  building 
stone,  although  the  best  quarries  are  situated  a  little  unfavorably  for 
the  townships  of  London.  I'M-  Spring.  Seneca.  Kden.  Pleasant,  Venice 
and  Reed.  'I'he  quarries  at  Tittm  lurnish  stone  throughout  a  radius  of 
man}'  iniies.  while  those  in  Hiooin  township  supply  a  great  tract  of 
country  south  and  east.  The  <  j names  in  Thompson  tou  iiship,  although 
located  iri  'he  I  pper  ( 'ornilerous.  are  atlording  one  ol  the  best  qualities 
of  stone  in  northwestern  <)}iio:  they  are  laxorably  exposed  tor  work- 
ing, but  le>s  developed  than  similar  openings  in  Mloom  township.  This 
is  doulitless  tine  to  the  superior  advantages  of  quarries  further  north, 
and,  at  liellevuc.  in  Sandu-ky  <  onnty.  tor  reaching  market  and  for  ship- 
men:  by  railp  >ad. 

I  I  \i  i  . 

For  lime,  the  Niagara  and  \vaterlinie  formations  are  <  hieily  Used. 
'1  he\  are  more  e:i>ii\  quarried  ami  more  i  heaph  burned  than  the  I  pper 
( 'orniterons.  lloih  are  burned  at  Tittm.  but  the  kilns  are  rude  and  the 
expen-e  oi  burning  i--  greater  than  where  the  improved  kilns  are 
cm]  i 


('lav  for  brick  and,  red  pottery  i>  found  in  suitable  quantities  in  all 
part--  oi  t'ne  i  ouiUy.  \Ianv  establishments  lor  the  ma  mi  tact  tire  ot  brick 
employ  the  -urta<  e  oi  ihe  ordinary  hard;. an.  im  hiding  even  the  soil; 
others  rejei  i  the  immediate  siirlai  e.  wliii  h  <  ontains  roots  and  turf,  and 
bui'n  ihe  hai'iljian  ii'oin  the  depth  oi  ;i  loot  oi-  two.  'Mils  material, 

although  liable  ! ntain    pebbles  oi    limestone,  \\hi<  h   injure  ;he  man- 

u'.d  ;ui'ed  artii  le.  _;e ne rails  ha>  it  in  ->ui  h  small  quantiU  and  in  so 
<  oinmniu'ed  a  --late,  as  to  require  no  other  ihax  lor  ihe  silica.  1  he 
tile,  brii  k  and  pottery  made  ;n  '.hi--  \s,i\  are  suitable  lor  all  jnirposes 


M  \  I  Ik! 


where  n<>  ^reat   decree  nl"  lit 

alter  many  i  aivtul  experimi" 
<  it  h\  dr.iulir  <  riiH-n!  }i\  nr  • 
parN.  with  •  n'llin.iry  >  .i<;}»  >n  i 
ir> /in  tiu-  ilni:  i  las  nc.ir  I  ;:;, 
]  ii  i t  t  ( •  i"  \  ,  ><  1 1 1  u •  i  > !  \v !  1 1 1  1 1  i  a ; ; 
ware  -;-.o  i  tor  >  >rnamrp.:>  :tn 
a  -tin  n  >ili  -uriai  i-,  ami  a  iLu  ) 
near  Tittin.  Mr.  1  1.  \V.  (  'ree., 
am!  ti  T  ^!a/  ;ML;  with  -all . 


Mr.   I.   M 

1 1  : ii  rn.ik . 


I'.rt'urv     tile    i  if.  r',(  ijiiiirlit     n!'    !!'.r     Like     >':;.  ':."•' 
iiiiiu--.  u:u-  ''!    tin-    ]-r;iii  ipai    -nun  c-   "i    ;i-.ii.    , 
IMI_;  i  ire  <ir] 'i '>;!•>.  \\lnrh   arc    -i  'attrrn  i    '.\rr    nr:«  i:    ••: 
in 'I'thwc-ti-rn    iMiin   tlu-    nuinrri  r:>    'Mrn.u  r-    uluii    \\ 
;tu-M-   ,l,-|,,,Mts   al.uu    U:r    -.u:!i    >!...n-    ,,:'   l.ik-    l.i 
I'irliirr  -in:th  ami  \\r-i.  rr:nirrcil  IM._  HIT 
wi-alih.       I;    ]ii'iM[i:(r>    aii    iron    kn<'\\n    .1-   "it, 
jifc-riK  i-   "I    } '!;'  i-]  -I:'  'i'i:-.  \vh;i  h    ra;;:."'    ; 
;  r  1 1 ;  i .  '  1 1 1  •   ;  --  \  i  i '  i  a  i  i !  r  l '  i  r    <  a  ->  t ;  n  _  - .      i  ':.•':.••  i  <  •         .  •  \  . 
\v !  i :  i  ! .    i  >  1 1 1 1  i : :  i    - '  i  ij  <  1  r !  r     i  ->    .  i  \  \    : '.  i :  j  • ' .  r : '.  \  .     >:    -         '•'.>. 
ulu-M    ]:•.:.    iiiVil    i  -    ii;.!iii-iii-!!i-.I    a-    -r.-,I    - 
i  1 1 . 1 1 .  t ;  i  •      i  n  i  • ;  r    : "    i  1 1 1  -.  r      >  r  <  >  \  ;  1 1 1 : ;  \  .  1 1  ••    :  .    i  . : '  <  u '.  1 1  - '. .  i : 


-i  iMlhra-t'Tn    par!   i  >:    llie    -state.  !!ia' 
in  ;  n '  •  r  a  1    \  a !  1 1  e . 

I ;-.  >i-;:e<  a    <  i  iiint  \    1  *<  •_;    <  ire    in  <  ::i  • 
:n  --Mih    '•'.'  '  jti.miit  ie-.  u-ual:  \  .  '   • 
the   .i.!  '-••;;•  e   »\    aii'im  Lin;    :::- •!.    /    \'. 
; ;  1 1 111 .  i    i :    •» .  i  ' ;  i  • .      I ;    \\  a  -  MM-:    \\  :  •  i . 


1:  ,1;-,   ...  .  ur-   on    :!.-    i  iii.i    ..; 
' .'  HI     J  7  .     Seller. i     t'  i\\  n-h:  p.         I  ' 

1 1:1  ick -.  i"'  iiuhl \    i  i!t    \\  ir, if    wrt,  a: 


2^(>  HISTORY    01     SKNF.CA    COUNTY. 

places.  (  Mi  l>eini,r  exposed  to  the  air.  or  especially  to  fire,  it  becomes 
cemented  and  verv  hard.  There  is  also  a  deposit  in  section  n,  in 
Clinton  townshij).  exactly  on  the  south  line  of  the  Seneca  Indian 
reservation. 


CHAPTER    XV 


LIFE    OF    JOSIAH     HEUGES      CHANGE      I-  i  K  S  I     JM.A1    Ol      MM   IN       1  H 1-     SAW    M![.l. 
MIASMA      IIKSI      1KAIVF    HCLMS      l:KSl    S1OKIS*     FIRM     Hk!^K    HOtSKS 
THE     FFkRY      THK      DUG-OLI         FIRST     HOTELS         Hl.ACKSIkAP        M  i   S  k  'i 
GROSS      MR.    BREDOON S     UFA  1  H       1HL     LkFLGKR     FAMILY      H  i   N  k '.     LA.Ni., 
HF.NKY   CkONISE      UR.    HOYEK  S    FAMILY      I'H'.I.M'   si-.  EWALU 


JOSIAH    Hl.lMiKS. 

AM<>\»,    the  most    remarkable  of  the    icadiii.;    p:oiu- 
<  ounty.  was  Josiah  I  ledges,  tin-  :  ••!    Tittin.      H-- 

Apr;!  i).    i  ;;S.  near  \\'r>t   I  .i'lx.Tlv  .   lirrk!r\    iinin!\,  \  .(..  ati«i    !!:: 
\\\-*  win  >!(.•  liti-  prf^-i'vcd  the  rharuc  U-ris!  ics  n|  tin-  true  \  iri;;ii;a:: .     II 
!;;>  tatlu-r'^  hmiK-  at  an  rarly  age.  with  a  ilctrnninati"  >n  '»  • 
own   tortunr.      The   first    enterpri-r   \\hii  h   h.r   undcrtn'ik    --i; 
account,  was  a  trading  excursion   to    \ru   <  'rlratis   on  a  ilal'. •  >at'si   lad 
with  fruit,  which  he  floated  down  tin   <  Hiio  r:\cr  troni  \\'heelini;  to  N. 
Orleans.      The  voyage  lasted   six   weeks.      lie  finally  settled    in  <  >h;o 
i.Soi.  one  year  before  it  was  admitted  as  , i  -T.ae.  and  located  in  Ileinm 
county,  where,  for  a   number  of  years.  In    was   mie  ot   the   ino-t    a<  t. 
and  prominent    citi/ens!      lie  was   the    tir>t    sheriff  of  that  iount\.  .1 
!'>r  a  numlier    of  years    clerk    of  the    court.      He    next    iMi^a^cd    ;i-.    • 
men  a  mile  biisine>s  at  St.  (  'lairsville.      His  (  a  pita!  \\  .is  l:m;ted,  !• 
slowly  and  surely  im-reasin^  l>y  pnnlen«  e    and    sa^.n  ;ty-    iirm    ti.i: 
his  (  liarai  ter  that  never  lorsnok  him  through  lite 

In  those    da\  s.  men  hauls  MI  the    we>i    uere    \\<>n:     '•»    p:: 

g Is  in   Philadelphia.    j..urne>  in.:    a.  n,,>  ;h,-    \ii- 

1 ;  i ' :  s  <  •  i  i  a  i  k .  a  1 1 1 1  i  a  i"  r  \  ;  i ;  _  l ! . '  •  r     ;  •  •  <  .  <  •    n  '  h  e ;  i    •  :     i  -  i     . 

oj-mei!  a  bran,  h    -,i.,n-    i::    \1  .:     : 
(  i    •!•..    I   line,    lle,!_, 


2^  HISTORY    OF    SFN'F.CA    COUNTY. 

at  the  Delaware  land  office.  In  1822  the  first  stick  was  cut  on  the 
plat  of  Tiffin,  at  a  place  near  the  Commercial  bank,  in  the  first  ward. 
In  the  same  year  Mi.  Hedges  built  a  saw  mill  on  Rocky  creek,  a  short 
distance  east  of  the  court  house,  and  a  frame  building  on  the  lot  north 
ot  the  court  house,  which  was  afterwards  used  for  very  manyjmrposes 
—  lor  a  court  house.  Masonic  hall,  offices  and  shops,  etc.  The  same 
building  is  still  in  existence,  and  stands  near  the  mouth  and  on  the  left- 
bank  of  Rocky  creek  and  also  on  the  bank  of  the  Sandusky  river,  and 
is  now  used  as  a  pape»  box  factory.  In  the  same  year  he  also  built  the 
flouring  mill  on  the  Sandusky  river,  which  was  afterwards  known  as  the 
••Hunter  mill."  By  a  prudent  and  liberal  course  in  disposing  of  his 
town  lots,  he  saw  the  place  increase  steadily,  and  in  1X28  he  secured 
the  removal  of  the  land  office  from  Delaware  to  Tiffin,  thus  giving  the 
town  a  new  impetus.  In  1825.  and  again  in  iS^o,  he  was  elected  a 
member  ot  the  House  of  Representatives  from  this  district,  in  which 
capacity  he  served  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  people.  In  1837  he  dis- 
posed ot  his  interest  in  the  store  to  a  son.  and  from  that  time  to  the 
close  of  his  life,  devoted  all  his  time  to  the  interest  of  Tiffin  and  his 
growing  wealth. 

In  his  younger  days  Mr.  Hedges  was  an  athletic  and  vigorous  man. 
and  well  up  to  nearly  four  score  years  he  retained  a  large  portion  of 
his  mental  and  physical  vigor,  and  was  always  able  to  attend  to  his 
own  affairs.  lie  was  generous  and  just  in  his  dealings  with  his  fellow 
men:  benevolent  and  kind.  He  assisted  all  the  Christian  denominations 
in  Tiffin,  and  granted  lots  for  the  erection  of  churches,  in  addition  to 
his  liberal  subscriptions.  He  was  the  originator  of  many,  and  the  sup- 
porter of  all,  public  improvements.  He  was  possessed  ot  that  large 
and  unselfish  hospitalitv  that  characterized  all  the  early  settlers.  He 
was  generous  to  the  poor,  and  always  willing  to  lend  a  helping  hand. 
When  a  man  bought  a  lot  from  him  on  which  to  build  himself  a  home. 
and  could  not  pay  as  he  had  agreed  to  do.  Mr.  Hedges  would  never 
trouble  him.  as  long  as  the  purchaser  showed  a  desire  and  willingness 
to  pay.  Yet  he  looked  after  his  interest,  and  expected  men  to  come 
up  to  their  promises.  While  he  had  no  love  tor  drones  and  loafers,  the 
man  of  work  and  industr  alwas  found  in  him  a  friend.  Those  that 


he  kut-w  the  man  to  be  true  and  faithful,  was  ready  to  help  him,  if  nec- 
essary.  with  inati'ri/}!  aJricr.  lie  was  as  sincere  in  all  his  intercourse 
with  his  Irllow  men  as  he  was  just  and  generous:  and  while  he  was  the 
good  neighbor  and  citi/cn.  the  sale  counsellor  and  faithful  friend,  he 
•,v:is  also  an  indulgent  and  affectionate  father  and  devoted  husband. 


Hi-  kindn-d.  l>,,ih    ..Id   and    y.-utu.  will 
T»    linn    they  i  i  >-.i!d    aiu.t\-    _n    \\.v. 

r\  (.T    i  iju-n    tu    thrill. 

Although  11. r,  a  m.-rnii'-r 
trur  in. ui :    and  MJ  <  >n  h:-  d\   • 
anil    a--mvd    hi-    irirnd-     IP  •  :nd     i 

S.l\  I'M'   "wllii    h.t-     |  .r>  >l;i:-ri  i    t''    •  f.  .        i.'. 

I.iith  .unl    jn-niu-:i<  r."      1I--  -.ink    .i'.\  iv 
a  sk-c[i.      \\'i:hi  ml    a    ur.  >.i;i    nr    i  -f :  :. 
lU'j'.irtuiv.    .mi  i    ('.1--I-'  i    .iu  t\   ••    ki- 
imiili  .irniiml  him  .ui'l  ;.is>    i.iwv,  •  •  ; 
M  r.    i  I  ril^o-  u  ,i>  !:r-;    111.1;  : 

Sfll.    iil    I'.fllll'int    <   n'lllt\  .    '   'hi".         i  I 

<  ii   \vlii  iin    .iiv    st  ill    h\ • : u „      \I :  -.    i 

1  I  niHcr,  ail'  1    Mr-.    l\rlu-<  ,    i    \\.iikcr.\\    -i  • 
will-  tiicii    lui\    S.    iSir..  a^nl    :h:r:\ 
a!ni;n  i>nc  \car.  lu-  wa>  a_;.i.:i  in.nr.i 
I'lli/a   Haninirrly,  ui    M  ,ir •'  .n-!r:r^':,.  \  :r^i 
with  nine   <  hililrrn.  i)l   \\  P.I  mi    (  '\  r, '!.:  i    \ . 
nl"  Tillin.    <  Uii'  i.     M.ir\     lain-.    \s  i:.     -:    A. 
Miiu-rx'a.  wiu-  u!    llarri-mi    N-ili!-.-.   1.-  ,  . 
nt  Tittin.    Kli/abrtll,  \\  ilr  nt'  |i  i!m   (  i.   '  . : 
inrn  hant  m    '1  iitin.  an<l  Sarah.  \\.:<-  »•>?>  ':i 
M.-I  rciftry  nt   -tau-,  and  imw  ni    ;hc  ( 

<  >hio.  the    I'aiilii'il    and    r-icrinrd.    ::   , 
Hi-  -(.•(  i  iin  1    wilr   died    nil    !  !n-     i    '!.    d.;\ 
niarrii/d  auani  '  >i  l< »'! u-r  .:•  i.   i  >  \.\. 

'  >  I  S  i  •  i  a  •  <  a  i  1 1 '  i  n '  \  .  \s  h  >  i     •-   -':.'. 

Hrd.-r-    dinl     ill    Tit!.:..    . 

\  rar-.  thrcr  IIM  iiith -    ind  :    -. 

Whili-   i!    i-  •••:-'.    •: 
_;ri  at  !\    lirli  r,  rii    S\ 
\  r!  he   wa-  ";!''•    •.',.-'    ,  .- 
»s .  i  -    i  •  n  1 1 1 1  w  i  •  i  i    \\   • : .    -.  .  •  -.     - 
n  at  n  IT.  and    l!:<-     i!!-:r    : 
•  hat   IH-  atlc:  \s  ,'tpi 


lar.  ami  his  carriage  wonderful!)  straight  lor  one  ot"  his  age.  Kroni 
that  time  onuard  th'1  in<  reasing  years  wrought  their  mark  upon  his 
powerful  frame.  <  >n  a  pleasant  <lay  he  \vouM  walk  with  short  steps 
about  town,  in  his  double  gown,  with  a  stick  in  his  hand,  dragging  his 
shoes,  tramped  down  at  the  heels,  olten  with  his  smoking  cap  on  and 
smoking  his  tamiiiar  short  pipe — the  very  picture  ot  a  comfortable 
sunset  after  a  long,  summer  day. 

In  stature  Mr.  Hulges  was  a  little  over  six  teet  high,  and  well 
proportioned.  His  carriage  was  very  straight,  his  movements  and 
gestures,  as  well  as  his  conversation,  very  decided.  He  had  nothing 
of  suavity  or  "blarney"  about  him.  He  was  very  economical  with  his 
words  in  business  transactions,  and  would  say  no  more  than  was  neces- 
sary to  accomplish  the  work  in  hand.  His  intercourse  with  men,  while 
it  was  pleasant  enough  in  business,  and  utterly  void  of  offense,  yet  bore- 
that  peculiar,  almost  indescribable,  natural  aristocracy  that  so  much 
characteri/es  the  true  Virginia  gentleman  of  the  olden  school.  His 
voice  was  clear,  a  little  metalic.  and  on  a  rather  high  note  for  so  large 
a  person.  He  had  a  fine  forehead,  a  sharp,  small,  black  eye,  a  promi- 
nent nose,  not  very  large,  clenched  lips,  high  cheek  bones,  heavy  lower 
jaw.  and  in  his  A////  t->isc/n/>/c  was  the  very  image  of  firmness  and 
decision. 


"(  I'd1  us.  \vr  scarce  know  whence  »>r  when 
A  change  licgins  t<>  steal. 
Which  teaches  that  we  ne'er  again 
\s  once  we  felt .  shall  feel. 
A  curtain,  slow  1\  drawn  aside. 
Reveals  a  shadi >we<l  scene 
When-ill  the  1'iit  lire  <li  It'ers  \\  hie 
From  w  hat  the  past  has  been." 

The  law  o1    (  hange  is  stamped  and  deeply  imprinted  upon  all  earthly 

things.      The  bud    that    opens  its  leaves    into  a  flower,  to    LTeet  the  first 

rays  ot    the    rising    sun.  gives  up  its   :J»rv  to  the  gentle  /ephyr  at  noon. 

and  ;-   gone.       ]'  ng    oak.  that    defied    the    storms   and    wintry 

.las'-   |or  i  entnries.  finally  \ields  to  the   demand-  of  nature   and  crum- 

-  ;t  -  sub-tain  e  to  the  <  arth    from  whence  it  ^sprung.      The    rocks  and 

-':bm::    to    the    wear    and    tear   of  the    -easo;*,.  ;md    change    form. 

'    '.',   ..;    d:-;r 'rgra* 'on.      Sciu<a    ' ounty  no  longer   wears    the 

iiea'.'\   o;    her  prSliiie    gramleiir.       Its  noble  lor.   .;   is  broken    and.  gone. 

and    v  u:i.es  and    s'.Mi  wilder  beasts.      The  drift   wood 


J4I 


ts  rcini  i\  n  1  In  mi  thr  r:\  cr  ,i\\< 
1  >r<  oimn^  ni'.rr  nr.triy  >!r;ii^hl, 
'li'y  l'_v  jinlii  ;<>'i-  iliti  liin^.  K.i 
li.iniliii.iti.  .nid  thr  >h<  i".!-  .u:«|  - 
plai-t-  in  thr  hi, iron,  :;'.^:::._ 
r.iv  rin  HI*.  [..iniluT.  ri'.i-  <  <  !i 
ihr  -hril!  u!ii-;ir  ,.:"  thr  >:,-  i:n 
s.iiji!-  n!'  !;.ij,|  ,\  .  i  ,r.  >-'LT-.  ••:-  •, 


The  first  plat  of  Tiffin  contained  iiS  lots—each  block  ot  12  lots 
facing  lour  streets,  \\itli  a  cross  alley  through  the  center.  It  had  three 
streets  running  east  and  west,  vi/:  Perry,  Market  and  Madison,  starting 
near  l\ock\  creek  am[  ending  near  the  river:  and  three  streets  running 
north  and  south,  vi/:  Jefferson.  Washington  and  Monroe,  starting  near 
the  river,  and  ending  at  an  alley  i<So  teet  south  ot  Madison  street.  The 
east  end  of  this  alley  is  now  Tiffin  street,  and  leads  from  Jefferson  to 
the  old  cemetery. 

This  was  Tiffin,  with  a  little  opening  and  a  cabin  where  the  gas  works 
now  are.  Another  was  built  soon  thereafter,  near  where  the  Commer- 
cial bank  now  is.  and  another  a  little  south  ot  Naylor's  hardware  store. 

Thi>  survey  was  made  and  the  town  platted  before  Seneca  county 
was  organi/ed.  a>  was  before  slated,  and  thereiore  the  plat  had  to  be 
recorded  in  the'  recorder's  office  of  Sandusky  county,  which  was  done 
on  the  2Sth  day  of  November.  A.  \),  1X21. 

No  change  was  made  in  the  pla;  of  Tiffin  until  iN^i.  on  the  2 7th  day 
of  May.  when  Mr.  Hedges  had  his  southern  addition  to  Tiffin  surveyed 
and  platted.  This  contained  in-lots  from  i  j<)  to  i.j(>.  both  inclusive. 
and  out-lots  from  i  to  12.  both  inclusive.  The  public  cemetery  was 
laid  just  north  of  out-lot  No.  7.  This  addition  was  a  string  of  lots, 
one  on  each  side  of  Washington  street,  running  south  to  the  first  alley 
now  north  of  the  (lerman  ('atholic  church  and  the  junction  ot  the 
roads.  The  lots  from  both  sides  run  endwise  to  the  street.  Not  a 
single  cross  street  intersei  ts  them  to  this  day.  Jefferswn  street  and 
Monroe  street  were  also  extended  south,  the  same  distance  through 
these  out  iots. 

The  wonderful  energy  of  Mr.  Hedges,  and  his  untiring  industry, 
produced  a  -aw  mill,  near  l\o<  k\  creek,  already  mentioned.  It  stood 
near  ihe  mill  ra<  e.  and  some  thirty  roils  southeast  ot  the  point  where 
('irruiar  -ircet  ;n!<T-ei  t-  Ka-t  Market.  The  dam  wa-  i  lo-e  by  the  sa\\ 
mil!  in  f;u  t.  !h<-  water  ran  irom  the  dam  direi  tly  intu  th.-  mill, without 
a  head  ind.  HUT  parsing  ihrouj;h  the  \\' heel,  emptied  info  ihe 

(  reek  .:j  lin.  so  ih  it  ihe  mill  ';.  id  neither  head  nor  t  i;l  race.  A  ra<  e. 
hov.\  e\  <•;•.  v\  a-  '  ':}•-'  rui  ied  !r<  nn  this  da  in  to  the  (  ';  ty  M  i!l.  still  standing. 
Tiiis  -;iw  mill  \.a-  built  in  iXji>,  and  \\  as  run  night  and  dav  fo  suppl}" 
the  _rrea!  (iemand  that  was  mail1  upon  i:  for  lumber  with  whi<  h  to  build 
irame  houses,  and  for  oilier  jmrposes.  It  bo  ame  tile  center  of  attrac 
lion,  and  looked  like  a  bee  hive  on  a  large  M  ale  while  it  lasted. 
Kvrvbody  was  in  need  of  board-,  and  had  t»  have  them. 

Mr.  Hedges,  h.iving  so  main"  iron-  ;n  the  lire,  could  gi\'e  the  saw 
mii!  no  personal  attention,  and  rented  it  to  one  loscph  |aney.  and 


.SV'.vr,/  /'//'/  r.  in   i  -N  ;j.  ;ha-  ..nc  ..:   : 

hotel   o!    (  '.i!\  in    |!j-.i'!!e\  .        1'.:  aTev   :'•:<• 
\v:!l  lie  HI  ilit  ei.1  here. liter. 

I  !u:  >a\s   ;n;i!  liMrnci!  ,i\\.t\    ;n  '!:••  sj' 
|i.irtiler^hi|i     \\ith     the     mill.       Neithei 
reiii.iiiu-ii  in  -~M]i]/i\    the    ( 'ity    M;ii.      T 
:ip     RDI  k\    (feck.   \->   the    ulli'U   n!     M'  - 
w.iter   \V.i^   i '(.\ereii   \\illi    .(   _;ree!l    ^i  11:11. 
Ii'nin  MM:  !!•;»',!>  ili-e.i-^e-.  <  MIH  1'i'le.i    ':. 
1 1 1  e  t '  i  \\  i ; .  .  i  n  i  i  importune'!    Mi.  I  I  •  •  >  i  _  •  -> 
ever.  .111.;  ;';i;. illy  >:iit  \v,i-  !•:    •  :_;:::    .i.:.i: 
the   i  Luu. 

\!  the  iri.il.  .iil  the  ]'hy^i  ;.i:i>  .::  th 
:";ei!  IMI!!I  l".  ir  .ui'l  >i^.l!llM  iifu  .i.i::i.  I 
the  '  leteii'i.tn' '-  <  *  >'in>el  .i:v  :  the  <  in 
tlie  iii.ti.n •'•:<> •:  -  H ii-»n.  (  >ne  »!  :h< 


;?44  HISTORY     OK    SKNIX'A    COl'NTY. 

Brick  yard-  were  now  started:  one  in  Fort  Ball,  and  the  other,  by 
|ohn  Strong,  ai  the  south  side  of  Tiffin  street,  near  the  east  end.  and 
\vhirh  wa-  kept  in  operation  for  many  years  thereafter. 

In  iS.^i.  Patrick  Kinney.  Philip  Hennessey  and  another  Irishman 
who-e  name  ha-  escaped  me.  entered  into  a  contract  with  Mr.  Strong 
for  tlie  making  of  brick  sufficient  to  build  the  fust  Catholic  church  in 
Tiffin,  and  became  personally  responsible  for  the  payment. 

The  church  was  erected  in  the  fall  of  that  year,  near  the  -outh  side 
and  ca-t  end.  of  Madi-on  street,  opposite  the  old  stone  jail,  and  on  the 
present  old  ('atholic  cemetery.  It  stood  with  the  -'able  end  towards 
the  -tree',,  with  a  cupola  at  the  north  end  of  the  root.  It-  little  bell 
wa-  the  lir>t  church  bell  in  the  county,  and  while  it-  note  wa-  on  a  hi^h 
kev.  it  \\a-  pleasant  to  hear  it-  cheerlnl  echo  through  the  woods. 

The  remainder  of  the  brick  from  this  kiln  Mr.  Strong  sold  to  Mr. 
lohn  (ioodm.  who  built  with  them  the  fir- 1  brick  hotel  in  town,  on  lot 
No.  So.  now  owned  bv  Mr.  lohn  I.o-s>er.  in  the  tit'ili  ward,  'I'his  hotel 
wa-  then  con  a  Lirand  affair.  The  lar^e  fire-place  in  the  bar 

room  i-  then;  yet.  but  clo-ed  up.  The  pon  h  ol  the  second  -lory. 
whu  h  extended  clear  over  the  pavement,  and  had  a  heavv  root  over  it. 
ha-  pa--ed  away.  The  town  council  had  it  removed  because  it 
obstructed  the  \  iew  ol  the  street:  but  it  was  the  1110-1  conspicuous  part 
of  the  hoi 

The  M.  I..  Church  on  Market  street:  the  -tore  buildings  of  Henry 
l.bert  uhi>  i-  now  !vin_  a  i  orp-e  at  thi-  writing,  and  will  be  buried 
!o  day.  April  2.  iSSo  ;  John  Park's  -tore:  a  -mall,  one  -tor\  brick 
immediately  south  of  Sneath's  hotel,  where  Mr.  Andrew  Clcim  kept 
-tore,  and  the  one  -tory.  -mall  lirii  k  -choo]  house,  nearlv  opposite  the 
oid  M  .  I-'..  (  'hurch.  were  a.!  MUM  all  the  bru  k  buildings  in  '1'itlin  and  Fort 
ball.  excepting  the  dwelling  hon-e  of  ]>i.  Kuhn.  and  the  little  IJXLJ 
vellow  hr  <  is  on  Sandn-ky  street,  which  \va-  \lr.  Rawson's  law  office. 
and  afterward-  be.  a  me  the  oftic  e  of  I  )r-.  I  ) re-bach  and  Carey. 

1  lu-n  A  '  ractim  il  lot-  in  the  tir-t  platting  of  T'tiin.  and  the 

M<a<  e-  "  etween  the  lot-  and  the  river  and  KOI  k\  i  reek,  were  laid 
<  •';  i  i;--r\  :  •  addition-,  named  mid  i  'inil  u-red. 

1  !..;•-•  .-.  a-  ;M  bridge  a<  ro--,  the  r;\  er.  and  in  >!''•  n  ro-s  Ro(  |<\  <  reek. 
I  .  -'re'  '-  \\  er  •  ••;  1 !  i  >\  -: 'imp-  and  !o_-,  md  a'ter  :hc  ei'e<  tion  of  the 
-iw  ;  -.  ''  ,  >.  r.  i-im-n;  -  in  iron'  oi  :'..•  hou-e-  \\ere  de-ijnat.-d  \>\ 


i  1 1 1     I  I  k  K  \       r.  k  i  \\  i  k  \     •'i  \  N  M  K 

il.iy    in    tin-    tiiwn    »t'   I  ,,in<  a^trr.    in    I'.i.i  ;'u-ld    i'»uii 

troubled    ui'.h    ni'ii  h    dninkcn:u-->.  and    i-\i-i\   <•;'.>! 

M/cmcd  I"  i'f  "!  n.  i  ,t\  ,i:l.      I  in.tii\ .  .1:1  i  •: din. m i  ••  v\ 

cvrrv    in. in  \\tui  ua-  tmnid    d:'i!ik  in   '.••\\:.  d  _ 

in  lu'ii  i  'I    a  1 1  iii1.        I  h:>  plan  \\ .  •:  kci  i   ,\  <  .  .       i  •  •    M: 

dnink(.'!inr>--.      \\  'n\    n-  •;    tn<  •  '    : ':. . 

--iinii.u'  ! innnci'  iinw.  .in 'I  in.iki-  lln1  •.    c 

in-'rad  D;    >\  mpa!lii/in_;  u  .: !:  ll.-. 

tinir  a!    ihr   ri  '  ill   lic.iiiT   i:i   i  •.;-:--       11. 


M.  !  .i:;.,nd.  "i       .    u.i>  .1 
I  '.i!  k.        i  •  •  '.'    \\  .1-   .1:1 

I  !.-•    1  :!!i'n  i.o.i.lv 


!  1 1 1  r ; ;  •  1 1 1 1 ;  :  .  - 1  irmn  • 
!..i,  k  .'i:  ;i.-  t.iU  :,,r:, 

'.  lu'    \  !i    .V    •  i!     ti:i      !  i\  .1: 

Mr.   I'.U-K   ,..:  : 


24')  HISTORY    OK    SKXKCA    COUNTY. 

the  Walkers  and  Masons  opened  up  in  it  on  a  large  scale.  John  Staub 
and  F.li  Norris  were  rival  liotel  keepers  with  Richard  Sneath.  deorge 
Park  had  a  round-log-cabin  hotel  on  1'erry  street,  the  first  tavern  in 
Tit'tin.  lie  afterwards  put  a  two-story  frame  hotel  on  the  lot  now 
covered  by  the  National  Hall  Mlock.  Sometimes  it  was  kept  by  Staub. 
and  sometimes  by  Norris.  Later  on.  Dr.  lames  Fisher  built  the  frame 
house  on  the  northwest  corner  of  Market  and  Monroe,  where  Staub 
kept  tavern  awhile.  The  building  is  now  owned  and  occupied  by  Mr. 
Upton  Flenner.  who  is  also  an  old  pioneer  here. 

Mr.  Calvin  Mradlev  built  the  Central  House,  in  which  he  kept  tavern 
himself,  opposite  the  west  part  of  the  court  house.  (  )f  all  the  older 
hotels  in  Tiffin,  this  is  the  only  one  remaining,  and  is  now,  and  for  a 
long  time  passed,  has  been,  known  as  Remele's  butcher  shop. 

This  man  Mradley  was  a  wonderful  man  tor  energy  ami  enterprise. 
He  engaged  in  very  many  speculations,  and  while  he  kept  hotel  he  also 
carried  on  the  butchering  business,  selling  meat  twice  a  week.  In  1832 
he  (hanged  the  name  of  his  hotel  to  that  of  the  Washington  House. 
It  had  a  high  post  in  front,  with  a  swinging  sign  on  which  was  a  golden 
lamb. 

Fdar  and  Howe  had  a  but<  her  shop  in  Fort  Mall.  They  advertised 
fresh  Meat  tor  sale  every  Tuesday  and  Saturday.  The  market  opened 
at  the  sound  of  the  trumpet. 

\Vherc  the  Commercial  Hop.se  now  stands,  there  was  a  two-storv 
frame  building  occupied  b\  Mr.  lames  Mercer  with  his  lamily.  and  in 
which  he.  in  companv  with  Mr.  Henry  L.bert.  carried  on  the  hatting 
business,  manufacturing  and  selling  hats.  M\  brother  Ileiirv.  the 
beloved  pastor  of  the  Cerman  Fvangelical  Lutheran  Church  of  Fre 
mont.  learned  the  trade  ot  hatter  there,  as  the  apprentice  of  Mr. 
M  ercer. 

Mr.  Cronise's  store  contained  a  large  stock  o!  goods  tor  that  time, 
and  like  all  other  stores,  was  composed  ot  all  varieties  ot  goods,  such 
as  dry  goods,  hardware.  (]iieensware  and  groceries. 

(  >ne  druggist  advertised  for  sale  at  his  stand,  medicines,  paints,  oils, 
patent  medicines,  cross  cut  saws,  mill  irons  and  tooth  ache  drops. 

In  iN}2.  Mr.  Cnmise  advertised  that  he  would  pay  sj\ty  eight  cents 
for  t!a\  seed,  in  goods. 

It  w,,s  then,  and  tor  some  time  afterwards,  very  customary  in  Tiffin 
to  ke'-p  molasses  and  whisky  lor  sale  at  the  stores.  These  articles  were 
generally  kept  in  the  cellars,  When  farmers  came  in  to  trade,  thev 
were  taken  b\  the  proprietor,  or  some  <  lerk,  into  the  cellar  and  treated 
to  a  glass  ot'  black-strap.  This  compound  consisted  ot  molasses  and 


w  lu-k\      "  'a!:  '  ,u;'  'a!:."    ,t>  .1 

went  mi  a-  :!  !inth;n_:  li.nl  h  ap 

II ;  i   W  i!  1)    W  h;<  h    ' '  i   !  !  eat    it;  •    i.i< 

\\  IUMI.  .it... -i!    iS-«,.   M;.    I1.,-. 

-M  mthiTii    .uMit  ion  :•  >  Tittm.  . 


kept     the     -t.ue.ittl'e     there,   ai-n.        S 'a  I  •!•/!!..•  .'.ii     ';.  n!     U.i-! 

in^ti  MI  atu  t    M.uhsiiii.  \iiii    hail    in    im>k     -:  :  ,\ ,,,,;.,  •.,,,•,•    ;J;t< 

lintel.        There    wa-    urea!    ililtn  ult\    :•>  -<•'   '•>  .'.   Hi'iVi-iJ  t  .  '  <\    lean;. 

hi  iii 

en    the    p  MI  S    were    inu<  l<!\  .       r    w  a         •••;::.  •  .'-f  ; ,   •  ( i; ,,  •«  .  ^.> 

eaileii.  wa-heil  mil  hy  the  ra\.ne  tli.it  •  ;..->e-  \\  . -';  .::_!n:,  a:ul  e:i!c:-- 
the  t'nurtli  w.irtl  --ew  el .  M  an\  a  ;i me  the  -;.i^e  <  ir  \  er.  w  .'!;  |.  <-ir  Imr-r^. 
w.i>  (ninpeiiei!  tn  -^tnp  twai  nr  three  t:nie-  nil  h;->  \\  a  \  'ip  th'-  ii:il  !ie:nri' 
he  re.ulieil  the  Kxeh.uige.  llenr\  (it'n-.-,  pu!  ':pa  twn  -!i.r\  iirwci1.  in^ 
Inni-M-  nn  the  imrtli  -nk-  n[  l'err\  -tree',  where  !H-  l;\<.-il  w;ih  lii>  laiiuly 
aial  i  arried  "D  the  uuii--in;!h  lui-me--.  tn^etlu-r  with  ;i:e  icpainn^  nt' 
dm  k-  and  w  ati  he-,  the  iir-;  er,!erj.ri-e  ni  the  k::i«;  .n  •  iw  n  Mr.  (  •;  n  -- 
wa-  the  i'ir-1  :n. in  the  writer  -aw  "\  l!ltin.  t 'miiilif^  ••  _  IV:r\  -.'re.-t 
1  r  n  1 1 1  the  e  a  - ; .  n :  i  the  i  > ;  h  < !  a  \  n ;  \  •._•;•-•.  i  -•  ;  ; .  . ' .  : '. . 
1 1 :  • ':  v  w  a  •  n  n .  1  - .  iw  i  i  n  a ;  i  - ' .  i :  i  • ;  :  -.  _  '.'••:.'<•'  <  •  .•::•--  •  •  • :  .  •  i 


1  h.-  w.s>    \li      I  I  •  :.!\    '  .I'"-- 

HP  :     l!i  >\  ar>i    an-!    I  I  en  i  \    ( 

eie;  >i   i '  i-'  1  Miei  ha  I:  a  a'   ^eh  i 

i  it  li   e   W'l  ii    •  ie    lake]]   in   !  i  ai! 


J4'S  HISTORY     OK    Sr.NKCA    COUNTY. 

Jacob  Plane  was  justice  of  the  peace  and  postmaster  on  the  Tit'tin 
side,  and  lived  in  a  two-story  frame  house  that  stood  immediately  south 
of  where  Man  mart's  dru:_r  store  now  stands. 

Mr.  Rawson  had  moved  his  law  ottice  to  this  side  of  the  river.  It 
was  a  small  trame  building  that  stood  close  bv  or  about  the  place  where 
Mr.  11.  Prohl  now  lives.  I)r.  Dresbarh's  ottice  was  a  small,  low  brick 
building  that  stood  on  the  alley  immediately  north  of  Here's  cabinet 
warehi  >u-e. 

The  public  st|iiare  was  full  of  IOL;-  and  stump-,.  After  Mr.  Plane.  Mr. 
Cronise  had  the  post  ottice  in  his  building.  J.cvi  Keller  had  a  black 
smith  shop  a  little  north  of  doodin's  hotel,  where  l.oomis'  stone  front 
now  stands.  Valentine  and  Philip  Secwahl  put  ii]i  a  double  hewed  IOL; 
house,  away  out  ot  town,  near  the  southern  extremity  of  the  southern 
addition  to  Tiffin.  There  Valentine  carried  on  the  pmsmithini;  and 
iockmakinu"  business,  and  Phili])  the  watch  repairing  and  jewelrv  trade. 
The\'  lived  there  lor  a  Ion-  time,  and  until  they  bought  the  lot  where 
the  Rn-l  block  no\\  is.  and  moved  upon  thai,  where  they  both  lived 
until  the}  died. 

Mr.  \ndrcw  I.uuenbul  lived  in  a  small  brick  house  now  embraced  in 
the  house  of  Mr.  John  Kemele.  on  Madison  street.  Joseph  Howard 
lived  in  a  laru'e  Irame  house  on  the  northwest  corner  of  Washington 
and  Madison.  P-<|.  Keen  lived,  in  i^.v  where  he  does  now.  I>avid 
\'..  (  )weti.  the  auditor,  lived  in  a  part  ot  the  house  with  Ks<j.  Plane. 
Mr.  loshua  Sene_\  lived  near  neighbor  to,  and  east  of.  Mr.  Heduc-.  on 
the  --outh  si<le  ol  Perr}'.  where  Mr.  and  Mr-.  Seney  both  died.  hr. 
Kulm  lived  on  the  lot  where  the  new  jail  now  stands.  His  old  ottii  e 
is  -till  :n  existciK  e.  and  -land-  <  lose  b\  .  unoccupied. 

1 1 1 1  •  ,   i    i rt  h  o I    \  1  r.  Ra w son ' s  o  1  d  1  aw  otti c e.  i n  t  h e  br i c k  h o u se 

-till  stand  'i  widow  Creeper,  who  had  one    son  and  ipiite  a  num 

ber  of  beau':'  .  '  'lli^eiit  daughters.  The}'  \\ere  from  Maryland. 
I'herc-a.  the  oMe-t  daughter,  was  married  to  |ud_;e  Uenjaiiiin  Pittin^er. 
in  Mar\l.md.  and  they  moved  to  Tiltin  for  a  wedding  tour.  All  the 
othi-r  _i!  •  P.leanor  to  l-'rederii  k  Kridler.  the  i  hair 

mak'-r.      'I  In  \  the  -outhwe-t    corner  ot    Icl'ler-uii    and    Market. 

AIM    .      '  i  'i   I.  \\  .  Miller,  the  tailor.      I   riah  was  next.      The 

-',;-!  ,  who  marrii  •<!  (  .•          '  •  'i>n  (  1.  Pre-1  in.  the  fi  >ur,i  ier 

1 1!    ;  •     '  '        ' .  •    -  .       | o-eph:ne   marned    M  r.    11.  Penning! on.  the 

i    Martha,  ihc    \  ounje^t.  '.     :  lie  \\  ife   of  (  ,,-n.  \\  m. 

i 

1  I.  i  •  '          .       \1  ind    \1  r  -.  <  lib-oil    are    all    that    are    now 

1;\    :,_     c  '  f.n      i}. 

\\         •  •  .   i  .  i ;       i  abin    '     h'ip  oi     \]    i  !:-ot]  -ireet .  some  where 


-'4'* 


near    KM).    l'.!()o!n\    reM'leme.       lie    marr.e.i  .t   \lr>     Stale 
>iMer  nl    \>r.   Kuini.  v\lm  h,i<!    M-veral    <  h:M:'  • 
Mi  1  arland,  l.iriin  rl\    tin-  \\ili    "I    MIX   \  er.ei  .it»!<- ai 
1  )r.   M.-l  arlan.l.    \\.is    the 

.li  i  •  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 :  >  1  u  •  <  1 .   a !  1  •  1    1 1 1 '  1 1 '  1 1   e  - !  e  e !  I '.  e  1 1 . 

1 ;   i-i  a  IIP  >^t   j'enia;  K a !»'.<•  '.i<  '.  t  i  a'    1  .•;::..  .;.   ;•  •: ; 


dav--  a  1 1 '  •  r  1 1 1  v  a  i"  r . '.  a .  . : ;  I  ;  1 1 1  n . 
Mr.  Phillip-,,  .m-i  there  I  •'..•ui. 
I'rii-M.l.  (  '(.i.  J.  M.  >:.  ven-.  , 
Phillip-  i:v,-,!  in  .1  i... 

name    ,,-    M  is-\     II.  !.-:        .1  .'.a 


250  HISTORY     OK     SKNI-X'A     COUNTY. 

In  iS^.  a  man  by  the  name  of  Louis  Dredoon,  a  hotel  keeper  in 
McGutchenville.  had  a  short  cannon  cast  at  this  foundry  to  be  used  at 
the  coining  Fourth  ot  lulv  celebration.  He  came  alter  it  with  a  wagon 
on  the  J.-jth  day  of  lime,  and  all  hands  concluded  to  try  it  first.  They 
put  the  piece  on  the  running  gear  ot  a  wagon  and  loaded  it  very  strong. 
It  exploded,  and  played  havoc  all  around.  A  piece  of  the  iron  struck 
Mr.  Durdoon  on  the  torehead  and  crushed  in  the  skull  from  his  left  eve 
brow  up  to  the  hair.  He  was  picked  up  unconscious,  and  carried  to 
Goodin's  hotel,  then  kept  by  Michael  Hendel.  where  he  soon  after  died. 
])ildine  had  several  ribs  broken:  one  \\atson  had  a  leg  broken;  other 
men  were  injured  more  or  less.  'I  he  wagon  and  the  front  door  ot  the 
foundry  were  demolished,  and  pieces  o!  the  cannon  were  lound  great 
distances  away.  There  lias  been  no  cannon  foundry  in  Tiffin  since. 
\\  e  buy  all  our  guns  ot  Krupp. 

William  H.  Kessler  carried  on  the  tailoring  trade  in  Fort  Hall,  and 
Moses  I).  Cadwallader  and  [eficrson  Freese  were  rivals  in  Tiffin.  Mr. 
Freese  married  a  young  lady  that  Dr.  Fisher  raised  and  brought  with 
him  here  from  Maryland.  She  was  very  pretty,  and  highly  esteemed. 
Dr.  Dover  lived  in  a  stone  house  that  stood  where  Kmick's  boot  store 
i-.  This  and  the  mill  house  were  the  only  stone  houses  in  Tiflin  Doth 
are  L'onc.  One  of  Dr.  Dover's  daughters  married  Lloyd  Norris.  who 
became  the  owner  o!  the  Van  Metrcr  section,  and  lived  there.  He  had 
mean-  they  said,  but  very  little  polish.  He  was  the  lather  of  the 
detective,  b'hn  T.  Norris.  Another  daughter  ol  Dr.  D<>\er.  Lii/abeth. 
married  Dr.  lame-  H-her  one  of  Tiffin's  early  practitioners.  Moth 
were  very  polite  and  accomplished  people.  The  Doctor  i-  -til!  living 
somewhere  in  Missouri.  Our  Richard  Dover,  the  broker,  is  the  young 
est  of  the  sons,  and  Frances  Hannah  was  the  youngest  daughter.  She 
be<  ame  the  wife  of  John  |.  Steiner.  one  ol  the  early  lawyers  of  Tiffin. 
I'x  ilh  are  mnv  dead. 

It  is  impossible  to  remember  all  the  old  settlers  here,  and  the  names 
of  tho-e  that  occur  are  only  jotted  down.  Many  ot  those  on  the  Fort 
ball  side  have  already  been  named.  There,  also,  li\ed  Gen.  H.  ( '. 
Drish.  Valentine  and  George  knupp.  Andrew  Love,  \\illiam  |ohn-on. 
George  Kagan.  ('urtis  Si-ty.  l.e\  i  Da\  i-  and  Nicholas  Leibe.  Mr. 
Stinu.  the  father  ol  ( '.  II.  Ming,  also  built  and  carried  on  a  little 
brewer)  on  Sandusky  street.  Leibe.  <  oonrad  and.  Daugher  married 
three  sifters.  (  )t  these  six.  M rs.  ( 'oonrad.  alone,  is  living.  The\  were 
the  i]  MI"  ;i  willow  lady.  Mr-.  Staub.  and  sisters  of  the  once 

popHar   lohn   Staub  ami   1  >r.  Si  aub. 

AmoiiL!  the  i  arlv  settlers  of  Tiftin  were  a  lew  families  from  Germain, 


ami  liein:,'  so  tew.  are  e.is;lv  < h-  -,  i  ,1  ,ei i.  The  firs-  «»tn-  '<:  I 
writer  ean  <  all  t»i  m:m.l  is  that  M!  Mr.  Amliew  \lbtv.ht.timi 
lie  w.is  a  st>  me  m:is.  .n  .iin  1  brn  k  Liver  ':  ,\  t:  a  a  \\  i:(-  t:, 

•  hii'lren    when    lie    (.line    here.       li:~    l.t'i.e;    •      !.iw.    i    ;:(.-!• >j 
;i\ed   with   him.       Mr.   /ri>  was  with     \  .;     .  •     I    :-• 

•  .impaium  ami  \\.is  imid  <>l    telling  h>  < \p';.i:g-.       \\    •:,  •.!..,  ;.i!i 
<  anie   1'ihn  Sn\iler  ami  (    hn-;opher    >n\'!er.   -:.'.•  ni.iKer      ii\    ;i 
who    were    nephew^    h\     a     -ister     '-I    the     ,,hl     -.,;.!i':.        I  ,l;;i 
I'.arhar.i    Albert,  sU'ji  -d.iu^hter  ,.i'  a    Mr.    1  I  .iiirna:.:..   ami    i.irr 
^ln>e  sho|i  in    '1'iflin    until    he    died.      !!•     ua-    do  :dedl\    'he    1 
maker    littin    then    had.      These    people    i  anie    here  ;n  the 

J  n  A".^'.ist .  ' '!  i  >  ^;.  the  I  anu  .iml  See  w  aid  !  mi:  1  :e-  a:  ri\  ed  hei  e.  aU, .. 
the  Vollmers.  Julius  Fellna-el.  Joseph  Ranker.  \". dentine  ami  I. mils 
Taumpler.  l.uob  l.nist,  Henry  llras-.  the  liLisius  !amil\.  I  ram  is 
(  I  ilbert.  Andrew  I  Hi  ><  mi.  and  a  farm!  v  b\  the  name  oi  M  e\  <T-.  \\\M>  li\  <•<[ 
in  a  two  story  Irame  house  where  I  Irnh's  d.ru^  -lore  u«\\  -lands,  and 
where  \le\ers  tried  tile  experinien;  ol  a  bre\\e:\  mi  a  -m.il!  s,  ale. 
These  institutions  then  required  but  small  i  apital. 

I'uo    brothers    iVmn     Marion.    b\     th.e    name    ••:    Ko':b.    '•    :;'•    .D;  ,;!.,- 
b  r  e  w  e  r  \  .  u  p  o  1 1    ;  h  e    h.  i ! ! .  n  e  a  r    the    i  r  »  •  - .  1 1  _    o  •    >  a  n  d  • :  -  k  \     i          Market 

1  red-,  r.'  k    I  I  '.::'!:..:•..  'l.e   I  .iu!ha\ei    :.in    :\.  ,.nrf|  n.  .•  \    ''•!:•      .  •'!  ••  i.. 


i  7  .srj.  when  but  :\'.\  \  \  e.n  s  old,. 
<  Mill  i  .n  o!  \\  :nwe:,er.  \t  tin 
,,,  Near  ,,1,1.  and  th,-  .oiv  he!; 
.Is  he  w  i  - .  I  h  e  !  •  •  I  e  -, !  a  • : : l , .  . ;  . '  e  . 

the    s'i,  •••-.,:..:    h.      :  .•'..••     ;n 


l..!l',w;n^  •'•..      I  i 
-  u  i  h    'hi'    ; .  -    \\  i 
,;;>'  har-e  ,,• 
am!],', a,  In-!-         1! 
ami  an   .  1 1  \  a  1 : ' :   - '  • 


2^2  HISTORY    01      SK.NKCA    COUNTY. 

\\  e  Americans  understand  a  "forester"'  to  be  a  man  that  lives  in  the 
woods.  The  word  is  understood  otherwise  in  Kurope.  'There  it  means 
an  officer  ot  the  "forest  department;"  one  who  superintends  and  takes 
care  of  the  kind's  torest.  and  prosecutes  offender^,  against  the  forest 
laws.  etc. 

(  )n  the  j;th  day  of  lanuary.  iSoi.  lather  wa-  married  to  Catharine. 
the  daughter  ot"  the  school  teacher  Schuet/.  in  \"order  \Veidenthal.  .111 
old  Al-ac;an  t'amily.  This  union  wa-  blessed  with  nine  children  ->even 
daughters  and  two  sons.  Two  of  the  v;:.rl-  died  in  childhood.  l.oui-a, 
the  oldest  daughter,  married  I'hihp  Seewald.  tlie  jeweler,  in  Sep'em 
her.  iXj.s.  Kli/alieth.  the  second  daughter,  married  lohn  Ciros>.  a 
cabinet  maker,  in  March.  iS-i;  the  other  uiris  were  all  marrieil  here 
1'hilipina  wa-  married  to  Valentine  Seewald.  in  Tiffin,  September.  iX^. 
>i>oii  aliei'  we  arrived  here.  Henrietta  married  Mr.  |.  M.  /ahm.  laic 
county  treasurer.  Mav  j.  1X^6.  and  Hannah  married  Michael  Schoch. 
wl;o  died  here  \\itlun  a  lew  months  alter  their  marriage.  Hannah 
some  time  after  married  Mr.  l.dwanl  Swander.  well  known  in  Seneca 
count  v  as  an  intelligent  and  -ncce-siul  tanner.  Mr-,  /ahm  is  the  only 
living  daughter.  Uotli  sons,  the  Kev.  Henry  l.anu  in  I'Yemont.  and  tlu 
wriU'r.  ve!  remain. 

The  vcrv  fact  that  father  held  his  office  from  hi-  nineteenth  to  his 
si\t\  founh  year,  when  he  re-i^ned  it  to  come  to  the  I'nited  Stales. 
prove--  ho\\  m".'  h  he  was  a])prei  ia!ed  a>  a  man  and  an  officer.  bein_r  in 
the  posse»ion  of  hi-  oifn  e  -ome  fortv  three  years. 

\\' :    i  ame  b\    wa:  !          •    •.       I'here    were    no    steamboat-  on 

the  Rhine,  and  no  railroad--  on  ihe  (  '  m  linen  1.     \\'e  let"!  Havre  de  i  '.  r  u  e. 
at  i  h.e    mo    '  '  ,      S,  ine.  on    I  lie    j  ('  h    da.y  of  .\|/ril.   i  ^,;s-  •"'' '   alter 


2~\\}  da\         i  illowiiiL:   lune.       I'he  family  was  i>n  the  wav  Irom  April 

v!  to  Auu,r:i-t  iSth,  when  \ve  reached    Tillin.  alter  making  a    journey,  bv 

water  and  I    over    \-     3    miles.      The    name    <  .1    the    old  three 

ma-'  '  i  iiij,  i! '   '!  -    over    \va-  ••  |e|ier>on."  and  -he 

I  '  •  e  ;  •  ..   i ,;    •  •.    -e!  tiers    \  e!   !  ;\  . ; ,_;    remember  tat  her  I  .a  nu  i  n  h  ;- 

'      dre--,.  bearing   '  :•'  •  -I  \  i  '  and  i  <  >\<  <r  »i    hi-  'ormer 
'    ihe    -anie    r  .  >li  iy    MM    'i;->    head.       He    \\  a  -,    IP.  e 
•  r\    --r.ii^'n'.  \\;i;     ••'.'.      r      !        bearing,  had  laru'e 
.    i   !  1 1 : 1 ' !  i  n  •  i ;  : .  • : ;  .         .     '    .   w  ,•  i  -  i    di  m  a !  1 1 1  v.  t  •  i  i 
1  '.  '     '  •  •    •  •.         .  ',\  •  i  r  1 1   :  n  a  n_  er. 


Nortolk.  Virginia..  I  poti  his  ivturn  to  Maryland  he  engaged  in  the 
mercantile  business,  which  occupation  lie  pursued  as  long  as  he  was  in 
active  lite.  In  iSio  lie  was  married  at  Fredcricklown,  Maryland,  to 
Susanna  Fundenburg,  a  young  lady  well  known  tor  her  beauty  and  sweet- 
ness ot  disposition,  which  made  her  attractive  and  lovable  through  the 
whole  ot  her  lite,  and  especially  in  her  latter  days,  binding  to  her.  with 
the  closest  ties  of  affection,  children,  grand-children  and  a  host  ot 
friends.  With  all  her  personal  attractions  and  her  warm  nature,  mother 
('ronise  preferred  her  home  above  all  the  allurements  of  society,  where 
she  would  have  been  a  queen  in  any  circle. 

In  iSjC)  Mr.  (/ronise  came  to  <  )hio  in  company  with  several  other 
gentlemen,  and  being  very  much  pleased  with  Seneca  county,  located 
several  sections  in  ditterent  parts  ot  it.  and  purchased  a  house  tor  his 
home,  which  remained  such  for  nearly  thirty  years,  during  which  time 
it  was  a  sort  of  open  house  for  neighbors  and  friends  at  home,  and  dis- 
tinguished strangers  from  abroad. 

Alter  his  purchase  he  returned  to  Maryland,  and  in  the  tollowing 
year  sent  out  a  number  o!  wagons  loaded  with  dry  goods  :  himselt  and 
tamily.  then  ((insisting  of  a  wile  and  live  children,  tollowed  in  a  short 
time,  coming  across  the  countty  in  carriage-  and  on  horseback,  and 
being  four  weeks  on  the  road.  (  )n  reaching  Tiffin,  the  family  moved 
into  the  house  thus  provided:  it  was  located  opposite  Navlor's  hard- 
ware store.  Four  oilier  children  were  born  here,  making  nine  in  all. 

In  I.S.JQ  Mr.  ('ronise  established  the  I'tiii  Hit  >'<-nit,\  and  operated  it 
as  its  editor  against  the  election  ot  lieneral  Harrison,  with  great  force. 
Mr.  ('ronise  was  elected  to  the  legislature  twice:  once  as  a  member  ot 


a  member  ot    the  Senat 


t  \    t 
sal 

in  tin  en  < 
t,  and  >> 

.  small,  clem  lied    lips,  a  tine 
ia\v.    no.se    ordinarv.    ncr\  ous-biliou>    tempera 
s  the    possessor    trouble    wlieii    unaci  oinpianied 
iron    will.       It    is    apt    to    lead    to    impulsiveness. 
ike    this    geiicrallv  a>  :-•    betore    it    thinks,  but    it 
onl\    at   times  ot    high    politii  al  e\(  itement.       In 


li;->  j<riv.i!r  li'r  :l  vv.i>  >i  .in  r!\  f.  i  r  .I!I><T  \  .ililr.  !!• 
In  ihr  Ih'iii-M  r.ii^.  .in.l  h.itdl  in  tir.-  -.IMI--  r.t1  ••  !i\  :i 
M.>  i  h.i!'i'.\  !.>r  .1  JIM!;;;.  .1!  (•;i>-iii\  .  iir  i\ii  ,\  ::••  .\  i- 

r!H  mull. 

'1'hi-    I  >'.-ni'  n  r.it^    in    tin-    •  <  HIM:  v  :i<-\  «•: 
SCM<-\    ;iml  ( inntlin.  cit!uT   ln-iurr  .  .r  -:•,-,.  r    tip-.:   .ii\ 
r.irn<->t.  ,irti\\-.  tiniiriiu.  :in^c!n>h      \.';\<-\   ^m_h:  '.in- 
,ihi  >\  c  ]icr-M  >n.il   .tinhit  ion. 

A^i'le  trot  n  |  M  ill  iic-«.  Mr.  ('roni->r  \\.i-  \rr\  k.ii' 
<  i):ir!r'>u>.  Hi'  \\.l->  I;'M'  .1  I.llhrr  to  the  liru  i  miifi 
r^ji;-<  Lilly  til  l!lr  *  i  iTMl.tll^.  \vllil>C  1  ,t  II .;  ',1 .1  -  i ' 

\vitii    'i!ln/i">    ss'.i-^    \  r;  v  ^'.roii^ly  ni.ii'kril    !i\    t!.'-    ]>••>  ••: 
!i «!>]//.  .tliir,  \  c;  ili^niiii'il  iliMiu-.ui.  >r  :  h  i:   :n  t:'k>--''.|  • ': 
^ini.i   u'-Mti'-in.ui    n!'  t'n. it    <la\.       M.ir1::-    N     t.!.i:f.    |. 


25')  HISTORY    OF    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

States  and  settled  in  Philadelphia.  Pennsylvania,  where  he  opened  a 
jewelry  shop.  When  the  Lang  family  came,  in  1^3,  they  stopped  at 
Pittsburgh  until  Seewald  and  his  family  united  with  them,  and  then 
both  tamilie^  came  to  Tittin  together,  where  they  arrived  on  the  iSth 

day  of  August,   i  S-  3. 

The  early  settlers  will  remember  the  jewelry  More  of  Seewald,  in 
tlie  large,  hewed  log  hou.-e.  on  south  Washington  street,  in  Tiffin. 
The  iront  end  was  devoted  to  jewelry,  and  the  bark  part  to  gun- 
smithing.  Ilere  he  lived  until  about  1^43.  when  he  bought  from  John 
(ioodin  the  lot  where  the  RUM  block  now  is.  and  where  he  li\ed  the 
rest  of  his  days. 

1  I  e  never  made  the  Lnglish  language  a  study,  and  spoke  it  very 
brokenly:  but  he  built  up  a  good  trade  with  his  skill  and  general  repu- 
tation lor  honestv.  I!v  close  application  to  IMS  books  he  became  well 
versed  in  general  historv  and  the  popular  sciences  o!  the  day.  lie 
was  naturally  a  thinker  and  investigator:  he  took  nothing  tor  granted, 
and  discarded  everything  that  lacked  a  cause.  lie  was  linn  in  his 
judgment,  and  able  to  defend  an\  position  he  took.  His  mind  natur 
allv  lead  him  to  the  bottom  of  tilings.  While  he  never  obtruded  his 
conclusions  on  anybody,  he  was  strong  in  the  delense  ol  them  when 
once  formed. 

His  witc  died  on  the  Mh  day  ot  February.  iN.p,.  Three  ol  their 
children  were  born  in  (lermany.  and  the  rest  of  them  in  this  country. 
They  had  eight  in  all.  of  whom  three  sons  ;md  t  \\  o  daughters  are  still 
living.  Louis  Seewald.  the  jeweler,  i-  the  oldest  sou;  William  lives  in 
New  Mexico,  and  Philip,  the  youngest,  in  Hudson.  Michigan.  The 
boys  were  all  jewelers.  The  oldest  daughter  is  M  r-y  (  )Mer,  and  the 
voungres!  Mrs.  Spindier.  both  residing  in  Tittin. 

Mr.  Seewald  was  married  au'ain  to  Lli/abeth  Staib.  This  union  wa> 
blessi-d  \\i'h  but  one  child.  Sophia,  who  was  married  in  the  spring  of 
liiis  year  to  a  Mr.  Koll,  ot  ('le\  eland,  where  ihey  reside. 

Philip  Si    '\\ald  \\  is    .  .  •    ibiist.  i  omp.K  tl\    built  man.  very  strong 

.  i  nd  m  u  si  uhir.       lie  ,  ery  large  head,  that   bc<    ime  bald  earh  :  well 

pro;  -    .  llfsh\     nose:    deep    -el     blue    eves;     strong,    manly 

!  e  i  • • .  i  [  i          .  e  ' !  i .  1 1    1 1 e  i  o •  1 1 ' !   1 1 : : '  i    1 1  o  1 1  a  1    1  a  rg  e  e ;  i  o  u  g  1 1 

m  e  a  s  1 1  r  i     !  o    (  '  i  n  (i  n  n  a  t  i .      He    was 

\\  clL-hei  I.    \\  '    e!  ,     '.  ',}    his    1  iesl    i  i;|  \  s.   lira  r 

•       ke  him    ri  -:  ',<•  •  -.  he  letl   his  bu-;iiess 
• 

,  :i  ' ' . .  •  on    !    n ;     .    i  nd    made  up    i  lot  ol    ins:  rumen  i  -•    \\  i;  h 

u  '  '     '  ••  i.  s.       The    <  lot  k     ;;i    :  he    tower    ot    ihe    <  onrt 


Th'i>  IK-  MKMH  tin-  atu-riji  >.  m  .in<i  CYI-MSM.,'  "t  h;>  •; 
rc.i'hnj  <>r  making  •"  unctlr.n^  '.i^rinl  or  iti^i-nin'i-.  I 
kn«'\vn  ,i>  t!i'-  j>r;ni  ip.il  wait  hrn.ik'-r  .'\  'l':ttin.  ami  a>  .1 
iiinliiK  liin.;  .ntc^n'.\,  liiul1.'^  f>'r<-Mi'-.l  \>\  <-\  cr\  \>-  »  :\  I 


CHAPTER   XV  I!. 


ADDITIONS  TO  TIFFIN  THE  FERRY  THE  BRIDGES  T  H  E  TOL  L  BR  I  DO  E  THE 
FREE  BRIDGE  THE  BURNING  OF  THE  FREE  BRiDGE  THE  CHOLERA- 
FREDERICK  HOFFMAN  LITTLE  CHARLOTTE  JOHNNY  DALR  Y  M  PL  E  T  HE 
RAILROADS  FIRST  TRAIN  TO  TI  FF  I  N  -H  El  DEL  B  ERG  COLL  EG  E  REV.  E.  V 
GERHART.  D.  D.  REV.  J.  H.  GOOD.  D.  D.  -  REV.  GEO.  W.  WILLARU.  D.  P. 


I 'I'  \\<M  I.])  require  a  hook  by  itse'n  to  give  a  lull  description  ot  the 
numerous  additions  that  were  made  to  I  itlm  ami  to  l-'ort  Bali,  ami 
finally  to  Tiffin  proper  a>  a  city  of  the  sec  oml  class,  trom  time  to  time. 
The  reader  must  be  content  with  a  mere  referem  c  to  the  same.  At 
the  commencement  of  this  work,  tear  tor  want,  ot  material  to  write  a 
book  was  uppermost  in  the  mind  of  the*  writer,  but  now.  and  as  he  is 
abo'it  <  ommer.c  ;ng  this  chapter,  he  is  troubled  to  know  what  best  to 
leave  out.  to  prevent  the  book  from  becoming  too  bulky. 

The  desire  to  write  personal  sketches  ot  many  more  ot  the  old 
pioneers  i>  very  strong,  and  should  be  indulged  would  space  only  per 
mit.  Mcing  conscious  of  the  fact,  that  in  the  great  stream  ot  time 
generations  alter  generations  appear  upon  the  stage  oi  a<  tion.  and  are 
swept  away  in  their  order  into  the  vast  ocean  oi  the  past:  and  of  th> 
other  fact,  that  we  are  torgotteii  by  the  tew  that  ever  knew  us.  to  love 
or  to  hate  Us.  about  a>  fast  as  u  e  go — 1  am  strongly  reminded  of  what 
my  dear  old  friend.  Frederick  Kicser.  F.s(|..  the  able  and  illustrious 
ed'tor  of  the  \\~,  .<(!  '  .  in  (  'olumbiis.  once  >.iid  to  me.  speaking  on  the 
subject  ot"  ambition,  vi/ :  that  about  all  vou  can  say  of  man  is  "he  w.ts 
b'  irn.  took  a  wife,  am  i  died." 

Yet.  as  thi-  narrative    progresses  notic  es  will  be  taken  ot   a  charac  ter 
here  and  then  .  th  it   shail  be  deemed  proper  in  its  place. 

The  ! oilowinj  are  the  additions   made  to  T'ttm.  trom  the  time  of  the 
lir-t    pii'tinu.  New    l-nri     IJall:    Iled^es'    northern    and    southern 

i    ":    :    \orri-     ind    (list's   addition,   lune    15.  r  S_;>  :    Raw 
>on's    addition.    M  i  \     ,    .    i  ^  ,  ; :    S 1 1  >  •  a ;  h     t : '  d    (  i  r  a !  l   - .    I  a  1 1 ;  i  a  r  \    j  <  j .   i  .S  ^  .4 . 
Kei'.    :     ••    ;  (  ,     :  's.  ,  uiie  date  .     |  rp  n  i  i :  _-  .  N  o\  ..  -m  I  ».-r   i  ;.  i  S  ^  j ;    \\'illianis'. 
\  ]  •:       -1 .' .    :  •  ; ;  .    \\  ,i  _  _i  1 1 ,1  •]•'-.    lan'i.ir\     i  ;.    i  S  ;() :    Sheldon  s.  Se|  it  em  be  i 
i  i  .    i  >  ;  s  .    I  1 1  . ;_  d     aildi'ion.    |ul\     2f>.    i  ^;  i  :    I»a\  is'.    Mav    i(>. 


iS;.};     S|H  iliml.lle.    \l.l\  .    I  S;  }  .     I  '.     ;  \ 

\!  irrh.   iX;<>;    >e;ie\  s.   I  >e 

_•;.    I X;;  ;    !  |e;hn. ill's.    l';'.\    i  |.   i  -  II 

J«i.     1  N;i)  .     Mill   <!;\  !-,<>!>,    i  •!    1-it  -     I    .1'   •! 

I,!,,,  k  S:    Noii'eV    Vole',  ;i.!.    I  • 

iii\i.i,.n  ..I  "U!   :,,:-  \,,s.  i,  .in.i   ;  .    I  ,.     :.  i 
«•!••-:    Mr-.  \\   i!kerV    Mi-.  \\   i.k 
'I  ..mil'-;   i .:"- 

M--.M1.1:     I     'I1.    !!•.-     ,I'r.        I  ,  .. 

Sm.li-r'-:  Mo  h.us:.  .h.  \\  ',   M 

(  i  :!>si  m'- .    *  i 'A  ir.n's .    >h  i -A  li.ui'  -      Hi'          ' 
«i!,---:    x,  I,-:!,,---!',:     K  ml!    A    <  %V(*>       '  !    •' 
(,      1  i.    i  .!..-!:>'.    1.    iJ.i'ir^:    I  I  ,!\  u  ,t: .!',       1 
\V     i   .    I  !-.:„.•-':    /ri-K-r'-:    I  «>:ii^t    <in.t!: 
Hi-  iui.ir. '>  -M!I  ili\  i^ion  :    \l .1;  . .1  i '    K 'ihn's 
il!\  \i.in  :     \.)h;r\    jv   -'ih  .iixi-inn.        1  i,-  : 
.l'i'i.        The   !''!>   WiTc1    I'r    1111 1 11 1  u  Tn!    . ! '.    NKl'c   i. 

Thr^r  .11 1<  lit  :<  'M>  .Ulii  thr  -r\cr,l!  ,li:;,r 
in. nir  tVi'in  time  In  tiinr.  u:t!i  vi-r\  •;•;••  ' 
tin;  ->r\iTi'  i,l\v  >'!  the  •'Lite  lll.lt  j;\C>  i.llli'.ei 
tn  lie  .IP.llexeii,  im  \D;I  e  Ml  'he  llle.t  .  n  e.  h.i 
i  its  tu  einhr.ii  ••  all  i »!"  >e<  t  imi  i  <i.  .1', ;  >  •'  - 
h'Mnlretl  ,iT:d  !nr!\  :i<  re>  .  .ilimit  utie  hiMrn'.t 
jii.  inure  t)  1.1:1  inie  h.iii  nt  --ei  (!i>n  -  .  i:.  i 
,u  re>  nt  >ei  t  i'  MI  i  S.  ;n  (  'hut'  MI  !•  i\\  t  -' 

I  n   the  i. ill   i  M    I  *.;.;    M  :  .   I  leiL1'  •   (.it:''  i 
i  M   'he  !e.u  lili-   <  .U'jie  liters  .U   tl;.l!    -    !:i<  .  '•>   '  <•'. 

r:\er  mi  \\  .i-hin^'i  MI    street.      S'tUK*  "'    ''>•• 
i!':rnm  the  tullnuin^  sj.rin-  .unl  -':i:  in<  r  ''.• 


20O  HISTORY    OF    SENECA    COUNTY. 

pieces  of  the  Tymochtee  bridge  approaching,  they  got  away  just  in  time 
to  save  their  lives.  When  these  pieces  of  the  Tymochtee  bridge  struck 
the  gathered  drift  the  whole  mass  went  together,  taking  the  new  bridge 
along. 

In  the  summer  following  Mr.  Hedges  built  a  better  bridge  at  the 
--ame  place,  and  when  it  was  done  he  employed  a  colored  man  to 
collect  toll.  This  was  the  first  and  only  toll  bridge  that  Tiffin  ever  had. 
Karly  in  the  spring  of  1836,  James  W.  Hill  published  a  notice  to  the 
effect  that  he  had  rented  the  toll  bridge  from  Mr.  Hedges  for  the  term 
of  three  months,  commencing  on  the  ist  day  of  April,  1836,  and  called 
upon  those  who  had  bargains  with  Mr.  Hedges  to  cross  the  bridge,  to 
call  on  him,  in  order  to  renew  their  contracts,  etc. 

The  bridge  was  a  great  convenience,  but  the  idea  of  paying  toll 
became  annoying  to  tanners,  as  well  as  to  the  merchants  in  Tiffin,  and 
a  plan  was  put  on  foot  to  have  a  free  bridge  constructed  over  the  river 
at  the  west  end  of  Market  street.  A  subscription  list  was  circulated, 
and  when  the  requisite  amount  was  subscribed  the  contract  was  let.  It 
was  a  wooden,  truss  bridge  with  a  roof  over  it.  (luy  Stevens,  Benjamin 
Biggs.  John  Park  and  Dr.  James  Fisher  were  the  building  committee; 
Andrew  l.ugenbeel  was  treasurer. 

There  was  great  rejoicing  in  Tiffin  when,  on  the  iSth  day  of  Febru- 
ary, 1837,  it  was  announced  that  the  free  bridge  was  opened  to  the 
public.  It  cost  >2. 200.00.  Fledges'  toll  bridge  became  a  free  bridge 
also,  as  a  matter  of  course. 

.  This  covered,  free  bridge  was  a  fearfully  dark  place  after  night,  and 
the  women  on  either  side  of  the  river  refused  to  cross  it  without  pro- 
tection, after  dark.  Some  time  after,  lanterns  were  put  up  at  each  end 
during  dark  nights  Peter  Vaness  established  a  1  irgc  carriage  shop 
where  I.oomi*.  «.V  Nyman's  foundry  now  is.  near  the  bridge,  and  when 
the  carriage  factory  burned  down,  the  bridge  caught  lire  and  burned. 

The  old  toll  bridge  lasted  for  ten  years  alter  that.  when,  on  New 
Year's  night  of  1847.  it  was  swept  away  by  a  freshet.  Then  the  county 
•  ommisiioners  put  up  in  it-;  place  one  of  the  most  wonderful  contriv- 
ances tor  a  bridge  that  was  ever  seen.  The  plan  ot  it  was  simple 
enough,  but  the  great  quantity  of  material  used  in  its  construction 
-urpriscd  cvu'vbodv  but  the  commissioners.  The  -tringers  that  were 
ia:d  trom  one  bent  to  the  other,  and  on  which  the  plank  were  laid 
i  ross-wise,  were  of  such  ponderous  si/e  and  weight  that  they  absolutely 
:'i'oke  the  whole  fabric  down,  very  -0011  after  it  was  finished. 

\\hcii  the  people  ->a',v  the  danger  of  an  accident,  some  one  nailed 
boards  across  the  ends  of  the  bridge  to  keep  team^  from  going  on  it, 


i  m    i:kii'i;i 


and  in  less  th.in  a  week    \r»\\\  that  time.  down  it  went.       Then  \\. 
structed   the   \\ire   -M-pen-urn    brid^i-.  i 
j.Mrjiose   tor    some    t'.me.  and    whit  h  ,i'> 
i>re-ent  In-autitul  iron  -in.  ture.  :>rin_;  ' 
sin<  c  iX^. 

The  free  bridge  on   \Iark<  •   - 
tin-    J'lth    da\    i»t"   lannary.    i  \-  ;.    and 
bridge-,   wh:<  h    wa-    built    l.y   ilu-    <  >'*? 


X'anoss'  i  arn.u 

and    the    rmij'  ot"  the    lu'id^e    t->'k    live    :r-'!n    ::    \\:;:.:n    :\vc:r.\    tuiiritc- 

tliereat'ter. 

'1  he  ni<  irninu  <>!  the  j.jthd.i\  ni  Aj'r:!,  r->;;.u.i-  >••  !  a:.d  !>ra«.i:^. 
the  -Mn  >h»iK-  in-i^htly  \\liile  the  rl>t>  <  <\  -\}>-  Ati.int:<  •••  ra:i  -e:  ::::.•  :hi- 
nimith  i>i  the  Seine  at  Ila\rede  (iraie,  l-ratuc.  \»  lake  a'ivanta^i-  n! 
the  tide.  -<:\  era!  American  ]>at  ket-,  in  the  harlmr  \vere  niakin.;  ready  i" 
leave  the  ]>»rt.  Sail»r>  were  r'Hinin^  t«>  and  !r»;  -nine  \<\>  ir.  ihe  r.^^in.:. 
others  hoi-t  in^'  the  anchor  :  -ome  -|n.-akii'.^  1  .n_;!:-h.  -oine  (  .ei  man.  -onie 
I1  rench,  -oine  Spani-h;  some  were  -in^ini;.  -ome  -wearing,  and  all  were 
husy.  l'a--en.;er-  <  rowd:nu  onto  ;hr  ho.it>  wi:li  their  ^oods.  had  the:: 
(Ki-se-  examined  and  their  liertli-  a--;.,fnei!  ;.i  ;!u-iii.  'Ihe  c!>;>  \\a-  v.j' 
to  lii^li  \\ater  mark,  and  the  time  had  <  onu-  to  "let  ^"."  l'!:e  l'eu  -a;]- 
tliat  were  -treti  lied  -uel'.ed  we-tward  !>y  tl'.e  penile  I'l'ee.'e;  the  rf;d.dei 
jroaneil.  and  th.e  old  "|e!Ier-on"  be^an  to  mo\  e. 

'I'wo    >ailor-    pniled    1151  a  hiuitini;    a;    the    loot    (it    ttie    reai    ma-:,  and 
svhen  it  Lrot  hi.:li  enough  to  cati  h  the  l>ree/e.  it  untoided  the  "Star-  ar.'i 
Stri|ies"  i  >t    the  I  Hi  ted    State-  c  it    A  merit  a  l"r  t!ic-    !:r-:   '  ;me  !<>  th.e  <-\  e- 
o!    the  write!'.       Ihe  emotion-,  that  ii'.ied  m\  hear:  at  the  -i_;ht   I  w  .  '.'.  ;,•> 
undertake  to  de-<  riln-,  tor  tear  m\  kind.  ;-;   idrr-  ::i  _;h'  :!;.:.  k  me  !•«. 
|!:]t   think  ot  a  l>o\    \\ith  a  warm,  hoju-i".!  nat'iic,  v;r.:.:iv  awa\    :r-'tr.   : 
,iati\  e    laiul  to    e-ca]ie  it-    .  ij  .;.  ]-<•--,:.  m-  and  m.  i  :'a:  \    t  \  r  inr.\  .  >a  \  :;;_:. 
native  -horc  t'nr  the    land  ot'  hi-  hopo  ,,n'i    de->;re-.  t"r  tlie    tir-t  ::n;e  :r. 
hi-  lii'c    -:and:n.:    under    the  "tla.:  ot    \}\>-    t:ee.  '  •.:•'.<  :    uh.c  ':.        -    :•:••:[(• 
di-stin\    '.-  to  !n-  wrought   o'i!       and   \>>M  >  .m  :;a\e  an   .>!ca  !:>'\s    ']:>•  wr   •••; 
!e!t   wlien   !ea\  ;n^    I  I  a\  re  de  (  •  r.ii  e 

(  >n  iioard.  .it"  the  Jet'tei  ,on  wi-re  oi-.i-  Irmdn  •: 
_;rfs.     m-'-'v     trom    I'.  i\  iria    and    I'.i'i  ••-.        '  >:    ''• 
-,  i  •  i  •  n  i  .  ;  i  :  v  ,  •  i  •  i  i  n  i  d  :  e  -    i  a  m  e  t  o    I    !  t  ;  :  '.  \\  •'}.•••:''..•  -  <  :  '    > 

or  understanding.      \\  lien  we    landed  a!    l',r.'.:: 
,>wn    i"  >:i;t    '  -t'  d.--':na:  :«  >n.  and    a!'.  1  :  • 

hei-e  that  -  cne    \  ear.  in  A-ij';-1  .    tiv      i  ! 
and  the  tarn1  '\   »:'   l"h.n  I  ',.  (  >,'..•-  •:  .   i-:. 


2<>2  H1S10KV    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

This  Hoffman  lamily  was  from  Meisenheim.  in  the  Palatinate,  and 
consisted  of  Frederick  Hoffman,  his  wife  and  three  children,  John. 
Frit/  and  Charlotte.  Charlotte  was  a  little  blue-eyed  beauty,  with  fair 
skin,  cheerful  lace,  and  flaxen  locks  falling  upon  her  shoulders.  Her 
friendly,  sweet  nature,  attracted  the  attention  ot  the  people  on  board, 
and  she  became  one  of  the  pets.  Charlotte  was  then  about  three  years 
old.  and  had  for  a  playmate  another  little  girl  that  looked  verv  much 
like  her.  She  \vas  the  youngest  daughter  of  a  Mr.  Maurer,  on  board, 
and  afterwards  became  the  wife  of  the  Hon.  Charles  PML-sel.  late  senator 
from  the  Auglai/e  district,  living  in  New  Bremen. 

Frederick  Hoffman  was  then  about  forty  years  of  age.  He  was  a 
potter  by  trade:  had  traveled  some:  was  very  social  and  talkative  — 
really  attractive  in  conversation.  He  was  a  man  of  striking  personal 
appearance.  His  carriage  was  ver\  straight:  lie  was  about  five  feet 
nine  inches  high:  not  fleshy,  but  muscular.  He  had  very  black  hair, 
black  eyes,  and  very  long,  black  eye- lashes:  a  large  nose,  and  rather 
large,  but  well  proportioned  mouth:  and  deep,  sonorous  voice.  His 
manners  were  easy  and  gentlemanly.  'The  writer  has  but  faint  recol- 
lection of  Mrs.  Hoffman. 

When  the  fain  iky  came  here  in  the  fall  of  1833,  though  late,  Mr. 
Hoffman  bought  the  lot  now  owned  by  the  Hen/  family,  next  south  to 
Dr.  McFarland,  and  immediately  erected  a  two-story  hewed  log  house 
thereon.  As  soon  as  the  house  was  done,  the  family  occupied  it  and 
i  ipencd  the  first  ( iernuin  tavern  in  Tiftin.  The  first  ( ierman  dance  in  Tif- 
fin was  held  there  about  ( 'hristmas  that  year.  1^33.  The  oldest  MID.  |ohn 
and  tlie  writer  were  comrades  on  board  the  Jefferson,  and  we  renewed 
our  friendship  with  great  pleasure  alter  we  came  together  again  here.  In 
the  spring  of  1^34  Mr.  Hottman  put  up  a  potter's-shop  and  an  oven  on 
his  lot.  and  burnt  several  kilns  of  good  pottery,  the  first  in  the  county. 
In  iS^  the  Asiatic  cholera  broke  out  in  Canada,  ami,  sweeping  along 
the  Hudson  and  tin;  St.  Lawrence,  visited  the  large  cities  along  the  sea- 
i  oast.  It  raged  with  greater  or  less  severitv  trom  Newfoundland  to  New 
()rlean>  in  1^33.  In  1X34  cases  occurred  in  many  inland  towns  and 
(  ;tie>.  About  the  tore  part  ot  August  in  this  year,  news  reached  Tiftin 
that  several  cases  had  proved  fatal  in  Sandusky  City.  People  in  Tiftin 
bcLran  tii  lie  apprehensive  and  expressed  nine  h  c  on<  ern  on  the  subject. 
A  constable,  by  the  name  ot  John  Hubble,  lived  on  Monroe  street. 
H>  \\ife  died  on  the  n;th  of  August.  The  doctors  refused  to  sa\  much 
about  tin.  i  aiisc  ot  her  death,  and  it  was  rumored  about  that  she  had 
i  a'.e;;  _iveii  <  u<  umber-  that  had  caused  her  death.  <  )n  the  next  dav  a 
-mall  i  !;: id  «'.  a  Cerman  lamilv  that  i:\ed  in  the  second  stor\  of  Mr. 


Hnltman'-.    h»;i-e.  died.       Ii.    the    atterm..  i.  nt    tii.it  «!.iy  ihi    wr.'er    : 

thr  i  ottia  to  the  h.»i-e  ami  put  the  ln:!e  •   •:;-•    :it«iit.      1  h-    r.i-h 
.d'-cnt  Irom  home,  and  the  ino'Kn:    w   -    '••:  '"  \\.i.t  !••!   hi-  r--:':;-; 
>he    \MMild    ha\e    tin-    (  IiiU!    hnr.ed       i   -r-i  :i_    il..-.\:      -'i.:-.   I   ;i>';r.,i 
I  loti'man  .it  tlu-  tVi  ml  door,  and  a!t< T  t  i!  p  i:  •-  d        He 

j: i-'   rei  i  >\  cred    !r«m    an    attack    •  •!    i  •  .    u'i-    '.<:•<      :.•!    • .  •* •  • :  \  ••:  •»    j 
H  i-  pair  t.u  r.  white    -«li;n    ami    vvli.'i     ;.a:;;-.    ;•  •:  m.-,_  a  v  .'       :.'..•• 
\v:th   hi^  \er\    Mai  k   e\e-.  anil   ha.i.  ii:.n!e  !  ,-aj.|  '    i:  . 
thanexer.      '1  h;^    \\a>    alum!    Imir    ..'I',,.IN    I'     \1         1  i.(    :••.'.•  •-.*  .;._    : 
.'.!n':it    three    n'e'lm  k    hi>     -nil    |i>htl   i  a!i'-<l    nie   .r;'     n!     'iieij    .u.-i     :•     ,   .r 
that    i    -hi'uiii  i  u'lie  ilnwn     t«i    the    luui-e    ail'!   -aid  h.-  t.i'i;    :    \\.t-    «i\ 
\\  hen    1    re.n  hei!  tlie  h"U-e.   I  >r.     I  h'e-ii.n  !.    .    une  mil  am!   I".'!   me    I 
in  in  ha  !  ihe'l  «\    <  li'ilera.       NII'A    t  i  in-terna'ii  in    .iii'l    .tl.irtn    -)•!"<  .ui 
\v:  '  i  !M'e  i  >\  er  t  lie-  t>  i\s  n  ami  i  i  mntrv,    anil     1  iM:  n  i  iian^i  1 1  :'  -  a;  •;  ••  . 
\er\     rapitlU.       I'.'i-me--    -toj. j.eil;     people    -ton.!     .dm';!     :':.. 
LTO'.-.JI-.      >iiine     prepared     tn     _:e'    a'A.i\      ihe.nU.      Several    >•'.':. <.  r   i 
ni  i    irred  in  the    next    t\\ent\    imir    hmir-.    and    a:    tin-  e;.'1.  ..!  ..;.e    \\ 
iVoin  the  death    ot     Mr.    llolt'inai]   there  were    <>n  \    ahoiit    -e\  en    tarn 
ielt  in  tlie  phu  '  .       I'.o--    1'hiliip-.    and    aii    the  -Imp  ham!-.  v\e:v    .in 
tne  riinau  >i\ -.    except    a    \oun_;    man    it'oin    Mar\.ami.   \I :      \\.i-iin 
nu  -ell.       Mr.  (   ani  plieii'-  i  ah  met  -hop  wa->  a'-o  -hut  'ip.      >ti  ire-  .11: 
i  it  her  puh!  it    hon^e-,  exi  ept  Sue  a  til  -  hi 't  e! .  u  ere  <  ii  i-ed.      >>  >:m    nim 
(ierin.in,    >•  oti  h    aiid     lr;-h    latnihe-.    had    -'npped    he:e 
,ve-t.      'I  he    <   mni-e    taind\.    the    >eewald-.    .Mid    t!:e   I  ,in_   :.im:^ 
part    of    l'.o\er-    staitl.       lather    tho'i^h'   it  wa-  wron_    to  ;•;:.  ,>.u  •  \ 
e.u  h  otlu-r  in  time  ot  di^tre--.       \\  il-i  in  and  m\  -ej  iiad  ' l  • 
-•  i\e-.  and  made  the  i  nttin-  a-  :.t-'   a-  \\  i    •  n-'iid.      \  i  :\   ••••:  •.    -,\  • 
:   1'iuh    hoxe-   answer.      '  'ne    Sunda\     \ve    m  ule    -i  \  •  •          I 
•.    i  \     -t'iii    and    i  pile!    d!ir,n._    the    da\  .      "-•    . • .  .  '\  a   man    .      ;  • '. 

•    ..i    ept      the      dm    tot'-     r'.lllll!!!^      hither     .  !•'• 

. .  i  r  1 1  -  -  1 1 1 1  •  1 1 1 1 1 » r  >  1 1 1  1 1 )  a  1 1  \'  h  o  1 1  ^  e  - .        I          :._'..'      \\ .  • 


2fJ4  HISTORY    OF    SKNECA    COUNTY. 

about  thirteen  years  old.  who,  a  few  days  before,  was  a  picture  of  health 
as  well  as  a  picture  of  beauty.  I  loved  him  for  his  friendly  nature. 
One  day  the  mother  came  to  the  shop  and  requested  me  to  come  to 
the  house  and  take  his  measure.  He  laid  on  his  bed  with  a  sheet  over 
him.  but  looked  as  beautiful  as  ever.  I  ran  to  I)r.  ])resbarh  and  told 
him  that  I  did  not  believe  the  boy  was  dead.  The  Doctor  thought 
otherwise,  but  gave  me  a  bottle  of  brandy,  with  orders  to  make  it  hot 
and  rub  it  all  over  him  with  a  flannel  cloth.  The  mother  assisted  me. 
and  in  less  than  one  half  hour  the  poor  fellow  began  to  move  and 
opened  his  eyes.  Dr.  Dresbach  was  called  in  and  was  much  rejoiced 
at  our  success.  He  took  him  in  charge  and  in  about  two  weeks  the 
boy  was  on  the  street  again.  The  cases  were  getting  less  and  people 
began  to  return.  The  weather  was  growing  cooler  and  slight  frost  i 
were  observable  some  mornings.  People  began  to  lake  courage  with 
a  hope  that  the  cholera  had  left  us.  One  morning  Mrs.  Dalrymple 
came  to  the  shop  crying  and  told  us  that  her  son  was  dead.  His  was 
the  last  case  in  Tiffin. 

Towards  the  latter  part  of  October  all  the  stragglers  had  returned. 

It  is  not  true,  as  Mr.  Butterfield  would  have  it.  that  the  disease  was 
confined  to  the  (ierman  and  Irish  emigrants  exclusively.  'Squire'Plane, 
David  Bret/..  Andrew  Fruitchy,  Mr.  Brookover,  and  many  others  that 
died,  were  citi/ens  here  and  natives. 

The  cholera  returned  again  to  Tiffin  in  1849.  in  18^2,  and  again  in 
18^4,  with  less  severity,  however,  except  tor  a  short  time  in  1854.  when 
on  one  Sunday,  sixteen  corpses  were  counted  on  the  Fort  Ball  side, 
where  it  raged  with  the  greatest  tury.  On  that  day  Dr.  Hovey,  with 
the  assistance  of  Joe  Smith,  (leorge  \V.  /igler,  William  Holt.  Thomas 
W.  Boyce.  Mrs.  Mali  aft".  Miss  [ulia  Clear,  laid  out  eleven  dead  at  the 
hospital  alone.  It  took  some  moral  courage  to  stare  death  in  the  face 
in  times  like  these,  and  the  names  of  these  heroes  and  heroines  are  re- 
corded here  as  worthy  to  be  remembered.  All  the  doctors  did  their 
duty,  no  doubt,  but  Dr.  Hovey  was,  perhaps,  the  most  a<  live  and  indiis 
triou-;.  For  five  weeks  lie  was  amongst  his  patients  day  and  night 
without  changing  his  clothes.  The  Rev.  Mr.  Sullivan,  of  S^.  Mary'> 
<"nur<h.  was  amongst  the  tearless,  and  Dr.  M<('ollum.  until  he  himseif 
was  taken  down.  "There  were  giants  in  those  days." 

Strange  as  it  may  seem,  the  greatest  mortality  was  on  that  side  of 
the  rive;.  whi<  h  may  be  partially  accounted  !or  from  the  fact  that  the 
pest  house  was  built  there:  but  with  all  that  there  were  fewer  cases  on 
the  Tittiu  Mde. 

One    tl.;ng    m»re    on  thi^   subject   should   be   mentioned  here.      Mrs. 


1  HI.    I;  MI  HI  >.\1>-. 

Hoffman  dk-'i  within  one  week    alter   her  lri>band,  lea\ 

strangers    in   a   stran_e  land.      The  boy>  \\en-  :n«»n-  ab! 

selves.      l.iltie    Charlotte    loimd    a    _.-d    : 

Kbert.  who  liad  no  <  hildren.      '1  ':.< 

('harlotte  and  raised  and  ed'H  ated  !.  .  >•.•• 

a  L;ood    mother.      A    \o;m.,    l.tu\  ••:        ,     I  .:i;i. 

heart  alter  -lu-  liad  _;roun  up  into    \\   HIM:.:  :.•:   '.: 

the  hujij))' wife  of  (ii>ver;iur  !.<.•<.•,<>;    I- 

!  i !  I     I :  \  M  )..'»!•-. 

It  i->  said  that    ^reat    r\eir.s    -.  •nn.-f.nics    !!::•. :\     ::.c.r 

The  sniiiei  '.  '•!  a  railroad  to  Tilliti  irnm  -onic 
nearly  ten  years  belore  a  li  ><  »nn  >::\  e  was     n-ii  . 
jeet  of  the   Mad    K:\er    and    Lake    l.r.e    ra:i!'oa 
meetings  were  held  in  Titlin    Ir«iii:    t:nie  ti>  t;ine.  <  o!niu:'.tee-  ap;' •i.nti- 
to  raise  sub-criptions,  etr.      In  August,  i\;:,  the  .V, /,';,///.<•;    (  '.'.;/.  •/:  j,-;'i 
lished  an  editorial    in    which    i:    \\.i-    s.iiil    that    the  j  ;-<>-;"•<  :-  o;  a   r--.i-: 
were  _;ood.  and  that  S^o.coc  had  already  been  subsi  rii-it-ik 

In  Septein'ier.   i^^2.  the  fol'iMwin:;  noti<  e  was  ;.  :i.;.-i 

f  \ltri,  >t: 

1L\II.K()AI>     Nol'K   I!. 

Tin-  UII'l»Tsii.'lu-il.  <  'nllllllissJMlirls  ,,[    >clifi-;i  ei  milt  >.!'"!'  tin-   Mad    K:\  ••!  alii! 

Krif  H.  li..  will  »l'<-n  ! ks   f,,r  siil,>,-ripli>.n  ,,f  st,,,'k  !••:  >a;.i  I.M.|  ::,   T::!;n. 

Sciifi'a   eniintv  .   "It    the    t'i'liltli    da>    > '1    <>'•;.  .1,,.;.   1  s.;_'.  ;li  :), ,.,,.-,,,  (,.,,,.,.,  ,t    |.;;, 
Nun-is.  II  KM!  V    (   ({(  i.\l>K. 

.lo^IAll    Ili:i»i.!> 

'I'he  first  s,  )d  for  this    road   was   i  ut  at  the  end  o;    \\  a-    • 
dusky.  '  'hio,    on    the    ;th    day    of   September.    A     I'..   !-•;;.    l-\   lie: 
1 1  irrisoii,  oi  Cinrmnati.    assisted    by    lio\er:i»r    \  .(•.:<•         1:        •<  •   i-. 
was  one  of  rejoii  in.;:  banner--  were    hoisted    to  ::.•  .-.  \\  : 

and    son_r  iilled  the  air. 

The  tra<  k    was    laid    alon^    \\  a'er    -'.re--:    '..tlu 

lames  Hell  was  tlu-  civil  i-nuineer    I-  >r    :•-'":.>::':'••:..    •.•.  '.  U  .   !  '•;•  .1 
his    assistant.      The    lir->!    loiomo!:\e,   (  a.'.ed    '.}'.<•    "  .- 
there  in   i^.^S.    and,    \\.i-,    u-rd  ;n  the    i  ^n-:r  :•  '  •>:: 
fall  of  iS-S.  tiie  line  was    <  omp'ie'.'-i;   '  ••   !'.••  .••.    ::'.'.'•••.   !:: 

first    train    r;n    tliere.      Tliom.is    II   >__;.    \v':.  >    .i:1 
island,    \v  is    the    engineer.     lo'nn     I'.r.'!.    :.  >\s    . 
(   haries   i  1 ; ^^;n s.  also  de  id.  wa-  <•';,•'. 
i'  iconn  iti\  e    "  >and'isk  \ ,"     .1     -ma!      :  .•• 
freight  car.  not  ev  eed:n_;    :\M'nt\     : --e  • '.  .    ;.v:h 

mained  !•'!"  siime  time  '!;e    on.\    a<  i  •'::'.' 
dise.      !•  is  -  ud  this  1,,,  oiv.o-  ..,-  w.*,  ••,      rs-  o::,-  .:,  An-.e:.,  a  :h.ir  !-. 


2()6  HISTORY     OK    SI.NKCA    COt'NTY. 

-team  whistle.  In  iS,V)  work  was  done  from  P>ellevue  to  Republic. 
The  first  locomotive  reached  Tittm  in  1X41.  Conrad  Poppenburg  was 
the  engineer  when  the  first  passenger  train  ran  to  Tittm;  Lamest  Kir- 
rian  was  the  fireman— both  still  living.  Paul  Khmer  died  in  I  rbana  oi 
cholera.  He  was  also  a  hand  on  the  train. 

Since  then,  another  route  had  been  opened  through  Clyde  and  the 
•  ild  route  entirely  abandoned  and  taken  up.  The  old  charter  bears 
'late  lanuary  =;.  i^^-.  The  company  is  now  known  by  the  name  ol 
Cincinnati.  Sandusky  and  Cleveland  railroad,  and  runs  over  one  hun- 
dred and  ninety  miles  of  rails.  Its  main  line  is  trom  Sandusky  to 
Springfield,  a  distance  of  one  hundred  and  thirty  miles. 

The  Columbus  division  extends  from  Columbus  to  Springfield,  forty- 
five  miles,  and  the  Lindlay  branch  extends  from  Carey  to  Findlay,  a 
distance  of  sixteen  miles.  This  line  ot  road  is  proverbial  tor  its  steady 
and  safe  traveling  facilities,  and  is  out-  of  the  best  conducted  roads  in 
the  country. 

The  Tiffin,  Toledo  and  F.astern  railroad. — On  the  first  day  of  May. 
1^7  v  the  first  regular  passenger  train  was  run  on  this  road.  It  traverses 
the  county  in  a  northwesterly  direction.  This  road  is  now  consolidated 
with  the  Mansfield.  Coldwater  and  Lake  Michigan,  and  is  completed 
from  Mansfield  to  Toledo,  now  under  the  control  of  the  Pennsylvania 
company.  Its  depot  in  Tittm  is  near  the  "tunnel."  where  the  road 
crosses  Washington  street.  The  road  is  doing  a  large  business. 

The  Baltimore,  Pittsburg  and  ('hit  ago  railroad  was  completed  to 
Tiffin  in  the  early  part  of  1X74.  It  is  under  the  general  management 
of  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  company,  and  crosses  Seneca  count}'  nearly 
ea-^t  and  west.  The  bridge  of  this  company  across  the  Sandusky  river 
is  of  iron,  and  decidedly  the  best  railroad  bridge  in  the  count}'.  The 
i  ompanv  is  doing  a  very  extensive  business,  but  their  present  depot  in 
Tiffin  i>  a  little  board  shanty,  unworthy  alike  ot  the  road  and  of  Tiffin. 

The  Lake  Lrie  and  Louisville  railroad  runs  through  the  northwestern 
part  of  the  (  ounty  to  Kostoria.  and  the  Columbus  and  Toledo  railroad, 
runnitiL:  through  I!ig  Spring  and  London  townships,  also  touching  at 
I  i  istoria.  are  in  lull  operation. 

The  Potnerov  road  so-called),  and  hereafter  to  be  known  as  the 
Atlantic  and  Lake  Lne  road,  has  been  graded  tor  some  time,  and  is  to 
lie  put  into  operation  during  the  coining  summer.  It  run^  through 
Sener  ,•  and  London  townships:  aUo  touching  at  Lo^toria. 

'!  ii'i-  —  •  (  ;  '  on  nt\'  is  i  ut  bv  ti\  e  rad  roads,  in  constant  ope  rat  ion. 
with  '  in  immediate  prospect,  and  -I'll  another  east  and  west 


1 1 1  1 1  •  M  I  i  k  t .    (  1 1 1  I  I  ( .  I  . 

1  he    Tittin    .UK!    1  nrt    \\  ,i\  IK-    i 
t\vent\  -Ii\  e  \  car-  a_'o.       I:   :-a'n.o-t   \»r^>  '!ten.  !<  •  ; 
h>-t.  <r\  . 

The  ('union     l.iiu-    K\lcn-,on.  iii.it    ua-    :..  ; 
and  toward-  the  i  on-trm  tion  »!  uh,.  h    I  ;tl;n    ..-.• 
line  i  ontriliuted    -''    lar^cU.    u  a-  am-tluT    < 
.unl  roMii-rie-  thai  h.i\  r  (  •< >ntr.t>u;r<i  -••  iar.;e.'.  '•- 
m>t  in  tin-  railroad    nn.;.  and    licion^  \\«\  !••   '.}.<• 
<  .uitii>u->  ami  rclin  taut     ul.cn    tlu-\    air    :\«\\   ..-K. 
the    li'i;lc!;nu    tit    another    railroad.       I  he    mum  i 
Man-field.  ( 'olduati-r  and   I  ake  M;<  hi-an,  \\!io    : 
their    >u!»M-ri|'i:oti     tin-     ^erond     time.     lia\  e     -»i 
f  e  n  i ;  -  e  - . 


I  he  e-tal>il-linient  oi  th;-  .  olliyc  ij 
tunned  (  'hureh  oi  <  >hio  "  to  tound  iti-ti tnl ion-  n.iniei\  .  .1  .  « >!le_e  and 
a  theoio^H  al  -cnnnar\  >  where  it-  .  amiidatc-  tor  ;hr  m;n;-'r\  m;^i.' 
obtain  a  mil  and  <  ,>ni]  ilete  .  la--:,  ai  and  -<  ieiititii  cdi;.  .it ion  an,  i  u  lu  r< 
al-u  ail  other-  lift  in...  tor  the  dillcrent  prole-  .»n-.  m:^h:  ha\  e  ;' 
in.-ncn;  ot  that  edm  atioii.il  training  -o  nn  e--.ir\  ;.•;•  -1;,  ,  e--  in  oti.rr 
A  a\ •-. 

I  n  the  year   i  S^o,  l\e\  .   1  1  iram  >ha'ii!,  the  pa-!'  <\ '  >  >'.  :  he   I  :i  -t   Kc:orir.< 
( 'In in  h  in    I  itlin,  \>\    prompt  and  eneruet  .<    a.  t  ion.  -,,,,<  dcd  .;.  , .';.; a. -. 
in:;  -nil-,  ription-  to  the    amount    oi    Si  i.    ;      truin  ;!.e   .  ;'..--         ,,:!:: 
.  i  IH 1  \  1 1  i  n  I  i  \  .  t  o  1  ie    d. , )  n  a  t  ed  t  o  t  ll  e    p  r  >  >  •..!-.,:,••'  r ., .  .  ,  > : ;         <  •  <  •  • ; . . : .  • 
that    it    be    lo,  ate,!    a!     I  ;tlin.       "I  he    prop,!--;  -A.!-  p'i,'.    :••.    :'..( 

-.  y  n  oi  i .  a  t   N  a  \  a  r  r  e .    '  >  i  i : ,  > ,  :  1 1   > ,  •  p ! .  n  i !  >  <  '. ' .    i  -  -  -  u  •  • 

at  on.  e  c!c,  ted  !"  ,  'pen  the  -.  IK  ><  il 
in.,  innei:!  ion    u  ;th    the-e    in-t ;'  ".;  •• 
tliirt  \    \  ear-.       1  hc\    were   K  . -\  .    1 .   1 
clc.  ted  a-  pi',  ilc --or  ot  nia'hcma1  • 
I  larke  (  oiint  \  .  <  Mr,. ,.    clc,  rc,i    . 
I  h,-c  -entlemcn  proinp!',\    i  >>|U*i 
•  ame  \  car,  opciieii    '  !n     -•  h.    •  •..    . 
,  .died     "  (  't  imiilen  :.il      l\.  .u 
;  i  r  o ;  c  -  -  ii  r  - .  <  .  u  r.  a  -  -  c  ,1  the  ,    -  \    :  • . : 


268  HISTORY    OF     SKNI'.CA    COl'NTY. 

containing   five   acres,  was   a  donation  from    losiah   Hedges.  Ksq..  the 
founder  of'l'iftin.      The  college  was  named  "Heidelberg  College,"  after 

the  celebrated  ['ni\ersity  of  that  name  in  Germany,  and  in  honor  ot' 
tlie  only  symbolical  book  of  the  Reformed  church,  namely,  the  "  Heidel 
berg  Catechism."  The  basement  story  of  the  college  building  was 
put  up  in  the  autumn  of  18^1.  The  corner  stone  (donated  by  Pr.  Llias 
Heiner,  of  Baltimore,  Maryland.  >  was  laid  on  Thursday,  the  i^th  of 
May.  18=^2.  by  Major  Lewis  Bait/ell.  President  of  the  Board  of  Trus- 
tees: on  which  occasion  an  address  on  the  "  Pignity  ot  Labor"  was 
delivered  by  General  S.  L.  Carey,  of  Cincinnati,  nhio,  in  the  presence 
of  a  large  audience.  The  campus  was  subsequently  enlarged  by  the 
purchase  of  four  acres  from  Hon.  \V.  \V.  Armstrong,  of  Cleveland.  <  >hio. 
The  college  building  was  completed  in  the  year  18=52.  at  an  expense  ot 
$1^.000.  and  occupied  for  the  first  time  in  the  autumn  of  that  year.  In 
1871  a  large  house  tor  the  residence  of  the  President  was  erected,  at 
an  expense  of  about  $4,000.  In  187^  a  large  three-story  boarding  hall 
was  erected  at  an  expense  ot  about  $8.000. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  professors  and  teachers  who   have    been 
connected  with  the  college  since  its  establishment: 
Rev.  R.  Good.  A.  M.  Rev.  J.  II.   Good.  D.  D. 

Rev.  L.  V.  Gerhart.  P.  P..  Pres.  Rev.  II.  Rust,  A.  M. 

Rev.  M.  Kiefter.  P.  P..    Pres.  Rev.  J.  H.  Rutenick.  P.   P. 

Rev.  I-;.  ]•:.  Higbee.  P.  P.  J.  B.  Kieffer,  A.    M. 

Rev.  GAY.  Aughinbaugh.  P.  P.,  Pres.    Rev.  G.  W.    \\Tllard.  P.  P..  Pres. 
Rev.   Joseph  A.  Keiiler.  A.  M.  Charles  Hornung.  A.  M. 

Rev.  P.  Greding.  P.    P.  Rev.  C.  II.  G.  Von  Lutenan. 

Rev.  H.  Zimmerman.  ('.  S.  A.  Hursh.  A.  M. 

Rev.  A.  S.  /erbee,  A.  M.    Ph.  P.          Rev.  C.  C.  Knepper, 
Mrs.  A.  M.    Lee.  Miss  Sarah  J.  Thayer. 

Mrs.  Lli/abe'ih  Gerhart.  MissO.  L.  Ruteni<  k. 

s  M.  A.  Morit/..  Miss  lane    Harts,,,  k. 


Rev.  \V.    II.   Fnmeman. 

I'r 

L.hvin  R    \Villard.  A.  M. 
[     I'    Moore.  A     \L 

Kp: •.  l-pstein.  M.  I  ). 


HHl'l  I  I'l  k>.    <  i  >i  I  K 


The  !'->llowiim   table  will  -ive  .t 
.itteinlani  e  : 


'!  1  f  '  .1   \  1  \K. 

IN  '  •  >  ;  i  i  '  ,  i  - 

1850-51 

o 

149 

149 

1851-52 

26 

148 

174 

1S52-53 

29 

177 

206 

1853-54 

47 

^75 

236 

1S54-55 

43 

i  >4 

IS7 

IS55-56 

22 

125 

'47 

'856-57 

32 

i  ^ 

!'  <> 

1857-58 

*9 

".>•; 

'  .1  .i 

1858-59 

_-s 

'  '>  '. 

•  5- 

1859-60 

2  1 

84 

"S 

1860-62 

29 

3* 

i  27 

;  ri-  2-64 

23 

:  i,; 

J'S 

1864-67 

41 

'37 

I  7K 

;S67-5S 

7  1     • 

156 

2-  7 

.  S6S-5g 

72 

;  in 

:S2 

!  869-70 

^5 

jS 

!  M 

1870-71 

65 

!  I  7 

I&2 

1871-72 

•  i 

83 

'49 

'872-73 

61 

~s 

"39 

1873-74 

72 

124 

I  96 

1874-75 

102 

1  06 

^2  ! 

1875-76 

90 

75 

165 

187'.  -77 

88 

7" 

158 

1877-78 

84 

85 

169 

1878-79 

So 

8a 

168 

j;o  HISTORY    OK    SKNKe'A    COUNTY. 

Tiffin  about  six  months  later  than  the  College.  The  professors  in  this 
Seminary  have  been  the  following,  the  two  last  being  still  in  office: 

Rev.   I'..  V.  (icrhart.  D.   D..  Professor  of  Theology. 

Rev.   M.   kieffer.  1  ).  D.. 

Kev.   11.  knst.  A.  M..  Professor  of  exegetical  and  historical  Theology. 

Rev.   |.  II.  (iood.  1).  I)..  Prof,  of  dogmatic  and  practical  Theology. 

The  invested  funds  of  the  Seminary  amount  to  about  S^.ooo.  It 
has  u  large  library,  donated  by  various  persons.  The  largest  donation 
wa<  made  by  Rev.  II.  I  lelnenstein.  of  Pennsylvania.  The  number  of 
students  in  the  Seminar)  has  been  as  follows,  for  the  different  year> 
since  it  has  been  in  operation: 

M  \1IN\RN     YKAR.        NO.    STl'PKXTS.  S1'.MIN\RY   YK.AK.        N<>.   STl'DK.NTS. 

1851-52  2  1868  9 

iS;2  10  1870  21 

1853  14  t         1872  22 

1854  17  1873  22 

1855  i3  1874  21 
i8s6-;7            15                   1875  13 

1858  13  1876  24 

1859  7  1877  19 

1860  9  1878  ii 
1860-62  12  1879  9 
i86_'-64  13  1880  ii 
1864-67  4 

•1  >r.  (ierhart    was  sole    professor  in  the    Seminar)   i  acting   at  the  same 
time  as  president  of  the  (  'ollege.  >  from    iX;i  to   1X5;.  when  he  resigned, 
to  a<  cept  the  presidency   of   l-'ranklin  and   Marshall  ('ollege.  at   I.ancas 
ter.  Pennsylvania.       From   November   ist.  18^5.  to   1X61.  1  )r.  kietter  was 
sole    professor,  i  al-o   being    president    of  the   ('ollege.  i       From    1X01   to 
iXix;  the    Seminary   was    conducted    bv  two    professors.  l)r.   kieffer   and 
Professor    Rust.      In     iXfxj    1  )r.    kieffer    resigned,    and    I  )r.    (iood.    then 
professor    of  mathematics    in    the   ('ollege.  was    elected    his   successor. 
I-'roin    iXiig  to   iXXo.  the  seminary  has  been  in    <  harge  of  these  two  pro 
lessors. 

I-'.  i:\        !   .     \  .     (  ,1   Kil  \k  I  .     Ii.     I  '.        I  IKS  I      I'RKSIPKN  I     I  «l 

I! !  1 1  'i.i  1:1  •'  KI  ;    i  '  iii  |..(  ,i  . 

l.maiiue!  Vo^el  (ierhart  is  tin/  eldest  son  of  the  Rev.  Isaac  (lerhar!. 
inier  Tnarried  with  Sarah  \ogel.  lie  w:ss  born  at  l-'reeburg.  thei: 
Uarr«-n.  now  Snyder  county.  Pennsylvania,  hine  i^.  1X17.  In  his 
second  yi.-ar  his  father  became  pastor  of  congregations  in  l.vkeiis  val 
le\  :  i,  -  \outli  was  passed  in  Millersbur^.  l>a:i]ihin  county,  where  he 
en;o\cd  tii'-  ai!\. intake  ot  sin  h  elementar\  si  hooU  a-  were  then  in 


xi^u-m  c.       I  I  r    IK- 

thcr  -i-n:  him  !•  > 

i!     N  i  u  k.    l'< -nn-\  is 

.iM.  h.  rh.  1 ».     \\ 

'1::  .ih.   1  Vni.-s  '.  .  i:, 

:  •_:  i  i  1 1  •  •  !  i  ••  i  '  !  •  i  i  •  i  i  '  - 


;i;    IMI-    i:>    'ji-..,i.;,  a      ^i;,!;.- 

\v  :  ;  :  i  !  i  ,  >  1  1  •  .  1  1  1  .  :  1  1  _;  in  I  i  u  •  .  i  >  ,  i  •  i  <  •  i  n  y    •.:. 

(     i  .    ';\t<    he!  -    \VtTi-    tin-     Kr\  .     I    '  ''!>     M  , 

i  ITU-  \  c.tr.  .Hi'  !  u  In  i  iT-i^iu-'  i  in  she  : 
I'll.  I'..  ;''i  ;\vii  \car~-  ai  hi  .1  l..i',  :.  \\ 
K.-\.  J..lm  \V.  \rxin.  I  i.  I  '..  f.,r  . 

-  '  I  (   i    C  i  '  i  1     1  '  !  .     M  .  t  \  i  '  I     ;  1  1     I   S  )      . 

1  >'-.  (  .crhart  \\.i>  1;<  m-.-.|  :,.  ••:.• 
l\c!'  irinn  I  (  'linn  li  in  tin-  I  niti-ii 
<  ><  tnluT.  i  vp  .  In  \l.i\  .  iS.jj.  :. 

i  luin  !)'•>  i::   I  r.inklin    <  utimv.  •   i'i'r«! 


1.1-.-I-,.  in  '  l;c  I  n'n  in  i  hurt  !i  .it  < 
-n^a^cinrnt  \\i\\\  the  .ir.iilcnis  \\ 
i  ">  )  j  1  1  1  •  !  .  1  1  1  ^  h  '  ,  1  1  M  i  •  1  1  i  •  r  -  i  i  •  ;  i  j  1  i  ' 
.i  -  [i.i-h  ir.il  <  li.ir^r.  I  >-:i  in.  v'  ; 
•(•-.niciii  <•  '  i  '  !  ,u  r;  trv;  i!i  I  !i>-  ! 


2~2  HISTORY    OF    SENECA    COUNTY. 

and  funds  wore   subscribed  and   collected  for  the   erection  of  the  First 
Reformed  Church,  which  still  occupies  the  old  site. 

In  the  month  of  December.  1850.  the  Synod  of  <  )hio  and  adjacent 
states  elected  him  Professor  of  Theology  in  its  Theological  Seminary, 
and  President  of  Heidelberg  College,  institutions  of  the  Reformed 
Church,  which,  during  the  previous  year,  had  been  located  at  Tiffin, 
Ohio.  Accepting  this  call,  he  removed  to  Tiffin  in  May,  1851.  During 
the  summer  he  undertook  an  agency  in  behalf  of  the  seminary  library, 
the  seminary  until  then,  havinghad  no  books.  He  visited  Philadelphia 
and  New  York,  where  he  collected  funds  and  many  volumes.  The 
books  presented  and  purchased  constitute  the  nucleus  of  the  library  ot 
this  institution.  A  full  report  of  his  operations  will  be  found  in  the 
minutes  of  the  Synod  of  Ohio  of  iX^.  The  offices  of  Professor  and 
President  he  filled  for  the  term  of  four  years;  teaching  and  lecturing 
partly  in  the  Lnglish  and  partly  in  the  (ierman  language.  At  the  same 
time  he  served  several  organized  churches:  during  the  first  two  years, 
three  or  four  congregations  in  the  vicinity  of  Tiffin.  During  the  last 
two  years  he  was  pastor  of  the  Second  Reformed  church  ((Ierman  i  in 
that  city. 

The  Hoard  of  Trustees  of  Franklin  and  Marshall  College.  Lancaster. 
Pennsylvania,  elected  him  President  of  that  institution  at  its  annual 
meeting,  held  in  1X^4.  lie  accepted  the  call  and  moved  to  Lancaster, 
in  April.  1X55.  His  connection  with  this  college  continued  until  July, 
i  X6S.  a  period  of  thirteen  years.  In  iX^X  he  received  his  honorary 
title  ot  Doctor  of  Divinity  from  Jefferson  college.  Through  the  death 
of  the  Rev.  Henry  Harbaugii.  D.  I).,  the  professorship  of  systematic 
theology  in  the  Theological  Seminar}'  at  Men  er>burg  became  vacant 
in  December.  1X67.  At  a  special  meeting  of  the  synod  ot  the  Reformei] 
church,  held  at  I  larrisbur.u.  he  was  chosen  Dr.  Harbangh's  successor. 
This  call  he  accepted  and  removed  to  Mercersburg  in*  August.  iX6X. 
\\hen.  in  1X71.  the  scminarv  wa>  removed  from  Mcrccr^burg  to  Lan- 
caster, he  continued  in  the  service  of  the  institution.  The  chair  of 
I'p>te>M>r  ot  Theology  he  has  occupied  up  to  the  present  time.  March. 
iXSo. 

In  the  tall  ot  1X64.  St.  Stephen's  church  was  or-ani/ed  in  the  chapel 
•it  !'.  and  M.  college,  composed  ot  professors,  families  and  students. 
Ot  this  church  he  was  made  tin;  pastor,  and  served  as  such  until  he 
ceased  tn  be  president  of  the  college.  When  the  Rev  Dr.  Nevin  re- 
t;red4ri»m  '.he  presidency,  the  associate  pastors  appointed  Dr.  (lerhari 
presiding  pa-tor  of  St.  Stephen's  church,  and  up  to  the  present  time  he 
ha->  been  fulfilling  the  duties  of  this  office. 


1I<-  i>  the  -Miii  .if  rhiiiji     \':_':-::;- 
n:m-  ye.ir>     ;;i   i  >s  i     la1  rein.  i\  ol  ;»  ; 

'.\'il'"V    lie    I'ece;\nl    hl~.    J  >!'rj  i.ir.l'.c  i[  \     i'. 

!!'.r  ac.i'lflin  .  At  tlu-  ,i_;r  <>:  )\  mrtri- 
i  iilic^c.  n.mu-iy.  M.tr^h.iil  (  ollc^L-.  tl 
:n  (iiiin'.v.  I'iMin«>vi\  .1111.1.  It  \v.i-«  ,ii 
hr.  1  .  A.  K.n.  h.  .1  .  i-M.r.iti-.I  M  h..l 
\'rar-  :n  ihc  ri  -i.ir.i'.i  >r\  ilc.tniiKMH 


::.i  elided  In  pre.'ih  liy  the  M  creei -!>ur_:  cia--i>,  and  :n  a  :e\v 
'.heivat'er  lo'i'iwed  a  <  a!!  !<>  I .  an<  a-'.er.  ()h:u.  Ironi  (i,  ;,>;HT 
•Mi'.il  «>,  t,.!uT.  iS.j;.  In-  labored  a>  |,a-t.>r  ..I'tb.e  I  1:1.  a-t.-r  a 
Mattlu-w'-.  KetDnned  ( 'i  >n^reua!  ii  m,  l)e;n^  a'  the  -anie  :;:nr-  J.P.IM 
a  M-ILM  t  -i  lio.il.  l-'.lei  teii  \>\  the  «>h:o  >\  nod  t"  cd.;  it-.  ]•!• 

-tarted  the    //V./r/;:    .!/.• ..;.'//- r      in  >\v  kin  »\vn    a-    :;..-     (' 
ind  I'libli-hed  in   l>.iy!..n.  (  )h:<.          Lie.  :••<!    b\    the   R.-'.t:nn  d.  ^\  : 
N,!\arre.   iS.|.,.  .i>  l'r..!rs,,,r  ,,•   \|  ,-•;.  ,,,.i;  ,,..,,:  ,-.  ted  .    . 

: .  n  1 1 1  \  r  i  i  : ;  i  (  )  i  !  1 1  ]  i  e  r .   i  >-  5 1  >  •    '  •  •  -  < ' '  i : ' '  '•'  v>   ' 

I  .•...':.      '    i     1'ittin.    Si'Hr,     i    ,   ,  ,   ;;;•  \  ,    I   )',    ,  .. 


important  pastoral  charges  in  the  Reformed  Church,  and  was  the  editor 
of  the  ll'is/i'-//  .]//<.•</, >/wr\.  the  organ  of  the  Synod  of  Ohio  of  the 
Reformed  Church,  thirteen  years.  Huisstill  presiding  over  the  college. 

u  liich  ha>  enjoyed  a  good  degree  of  prosperity  under  his  administration. 


1  UK    i_  H  L'k^H  K 


-i\<:!i  lu-n-  in  di-t.iil.  \vh:U-  ih.,*r  ..i  j'Rv:  .^ 

Th.-  iittU-.  !)'•;<  k  (  '.ith..!:.    .  h,i;"-i  ..n   M  i,1 
tic-<  !  il  n.-il.      'l'1'.i-n-   .in-  -  iti'y  :>  >  br  .ul'  ii-.i    •  i 


[.a-'-  if  <  >t    '.  In-  '  li-rni  in  •  Inn  !i.  :; 
.if:,-r.] 

h    i>  ;ii>ci  -.:i'n!    ;!:.!'    the  l;!'!c 

(  b,-:n  ii  i-n-<  !<•«!  in  <  >!;;».  Ati.  : 

tin-   1  ri>h    pi-,  ij.li-  'iM'il  the  i  li.ij.f 

|,,!i:i  (  'r-.w'.!^     i-  •<-.!'  ::.•!.  I"::;.- 


favorably  with  the  grand  edifice  this  dem  miinat  ion  now  owns  on  Mad 
i-on  street,  but  it  was  a  good,  large,  substantial,  hewed  log  building, 
and  answered  very  well  tor  the  time.  Their  second  church  was  built 
in  Reed,  in  i.Sj^;  it  was  also  made  ol  logs,  and  was  located  on  the 
Ravmond  farm,  one  mile  east  ot  the  pike.  Rev.  lames  Montgomery 
used  to  preach  in  these  churches  occasionally,  and  also  the  venerable 
Thomas  Thompson,  still  living,  and  who  was  one  ot  the  most  pop- 
ular and  most  generally  beloved  Methodist  divines  among  the  early 
ministers  in  this  part  ot  the  country.  The  celebrated  Kinleys  also 
preached  in  these  log  churches,  as  well  as  in  privafe  houses.  The 
house  of  John  (libson.  F.s<|..  in  Fden.  was  a  meeting  house  almost  every 
Sunday  for  a  long  time.  The  first  presiding  elder  was  James  Mc- 
Mahon.  who  came  to  Titim  in  iN-j;.  and  preached  in  the  old  brick 
church,  l.uther  A.  Hall.  F.s<j.  bought  the  old  church,  when  the  con- 
gregation had  put  up  the  new  one.  now  over  the  post  office,  used  as  a 
club  room,  and  made  a  theatre  of  it.  The  (lermans  in  Tiffin  had 
organi/ed  a  very  good  Thesbian  Society  about  that  time,  and  produced 
good  pieces  for  amateurs — "  Feldkimmel,"  tor  instance.  The  Meth- 
odists finally  sold  their  church  on  the  corner  of  Monroe  and  Market 
streets,  and  built  a  large  edifice  on  Madison  street.  When  finished  it 
will  be  one  of  the  grandest  and  most  spacious  church  edifices  in  the 
county.  Services  are  now  held  in  the  basement.  The  membership  is 
nearly  three  hundred:  the  Sunday  school  numbers  about  two  hundred 
scholars.  Rev.  |.  W.  Mendenhall  is  the  present  pastor.  This  congre- 
gation was  admitted  to  the  North  Ohio  ('onterence  in  August.  1848, 
Rev.  Thomas  liarkdall.  presiding  elder :  and  Rev.  F.  S.  (iurley.  pastor. 

I  HI.     I'Ki  i  !  l.s  |  AN"!      l.l'lsi  OI'Al      (   111    kt   11. 

At  the  northwest  corner  ot'  Jefferson  and  Market  streets,  is  a  neat. 
commodious  structure:  has  regular  services  now.  but  the  membership 
is  not  very  large.  The  Rev.  Williams  is  the  pastor. 

1  II  1      I  1  Ks  i     liAI'TIS'l     I'ML'Kt  H 

In  Tittin  was  organi/ed  on  the  2oth  day  of  October.  1^57.  by  the  to] 
lowing  named  persons:  Rev.  l.yman  |.  Fisher.  William  |.  ('rawtord. 
Fii/abeth  l  rawtord.  Harriet  <  ra  w  lord,  William  ( i  all  up,  1  .  Hrownell  and 
I'.eniamin  Tomb.  The  first  public  sermon  was  preai  lied  bv  the  Rev. 
I  '.  I.  <  'arnahan.  Their  i  hurch  was  built  on  I'ern  street,  and  dedi<  aled 
»n  •  •  i\  1,1  heccmber.  1X00.  Kcv.  I  .  I.  I  isher  preached  the 
dcdn  '  mi  the  is!  ihn  ot  |uly.  i.S'),S.  The  chun  h  h.is  a 

iiKin  •      boiil     •',<     hundred  and  littv.      lis  pn--ei;!    pastor  is  ;he 

Rev.  (  i.  ( i.   H arrii 


!  lit 


I  1 1  V      I1  K  I   -  I  \   I  I   K  I  \  N     -    1 1  <    I ' .   1 1 

in  I  ittin  is  i>nr  ot  the  !ar_;e-t  .in-1  nv.-t  .:  |..,r:.in:  r»-lui-i'i-  .INN. n  i.it:«»n«. 
:n  the  city.  as  it  is  a!»>  one  "I  th  i-.iri:---:  lr  i.-nnl'-T  -  .IMI  «:u  :t- 
members  many  il;->::iuu^hr.!  i  iti.-e  l:.-.i  • 

southwest  (orner  of  Market  ami  \l"nro<  •-.  \\  .1  -'.'..',:    :i  I*;          h- 

present  membership  is  about  one  l;'iiiiir««'l  i:i-i  :"::",.  \\<-:  I'  I  ».  lii^^r; 
i-  it-  pastor  at  this  time.  The  toi!n\v;:i^  ::.>•<>::•  ,ii  .VIMS  .ify  taken  :r<'m 

an   anniversary   discourse    pr.  i!)o',;m  e.i    ;i\    |\.-\.   I  >.   li    I'. ;c: .  ]>a^t'  n  ot 

the   I  ir-.t   l'i'e^li\  terian  (   lr:r«  h  : 

'I'he  l-'if-i  l'ivsli\  in  ian  <  Imreli  ..)  'I'nlin.  «  >!H".  u a^  «:  _'.ini/t  •!  al»'ti:  tin- 
tir-'I  i't'  .Iu!\.  A.  I>.  l"v';l.  ami  \\.t^  l'i>iiin-.|  l.\  1)1.-  u  ;ilicl!a\v  .1!  "!'  nii-inln-i  -« 
ti'Miu  tin-  Mi-liiiniv  eluin-h  \\IIM  li\.-i|  in -,iiii  l'"it  Hal!  ih.in  NI>-iin-  •!  '•.  In 
l-vll  tliis  soei.-tv  :n  Tillin  \\  ,i>  !'.>riuall>  eharl. •!>•«!  li\  ;hi-  i.t-n.-ral  \s>.-mlil\ 
"t  tlic  Mate  nt'  <  >hi<>.  as  tin-  I-'ii'st  1 '!.->!  i\  I  i-i  I.HI  I  In  in- h  «\  'I'lttin.  <  >liii>.  Th.- 
eliartc]-  mi-mlit-i's  s\ »•]'••  Milton  .Irimin^s.  I'ett-r  Marsh.  .lann-s  \\  .  i , .  MI  < '! u.-r. 
Alien  ('ami'lu-ll.  \\illiam  llunlei.  .l.'lm  \"I.IMI_'.  K/eUi.-i  Me  1  '.rn-n.  ••.in. I 
i  ln-ii  ass.M-iates."  The  In  >ai'il  «\  ini-trr-  name.  I  in  tin-  .  h.u  ;••;  .  \\en-  M  :!t»i: 
.lenniiiL's.  1'etei  Mai-ham!  Al'.-n  ( '.mipliel!.  .lc\  ,.11!  m.-n. 

1  n  the  \  ear  ls:;n  |;.-\  .  .1.  .hn  l!"l>in-"ii  eaiip-  !<•  the  \\  iM>  .  .t  •>,.,,,., ._,  ,-,.nni\ , 
|.ieaehni'_r  the  -_'iis|u-l  an. I  ^at  h>-ri!i_'  ;  he  eai  1\  -••!  I  lei  -  •  •!  1  'i  •  --!'\  !<  !  i.n.  )•:  e.li- 
!i-etii>ii  in!"  !-«eal  elmrelifs.  lii  the  -iiiiiiiii-i  ..|  Is..].  ,,  '.. .-a!  .-hin.-h  \v.i- 
..ruani/e.l  at  Titlin.  tin-  l!e\.  .|..lm  |;i>l.ins.,n  ..t]i.-;.ii  :n^  as  ih«-ii  -p:nlua; 
!.-;i.|(-r  until  the  eharter  uas  -e.-iirril.  in  1  •«;:}.  |'a;h.-i  K..l.:n-.n  i-,  kip.un  as 


Tlie    |{.-\  .    .Inhll      \|e<  'lit'    hell,    the    .I],-,  .  -  -  ^ 

i-reil  a  i  e\  :\  a!  i-t  «\    i  ai  <•  !.iel  an. I  talent .  a.--  ••! 
;  he    int.-:  MII   I'r.  'in    Is.1. 7   :<  •    1  - '._'  '  he  .;-.!•  ! 

I  l;i||!i'!l    HIM!     li'e\  .    .J.'hll     \\    hippie,    ;n    ,-, 
1  'i-iMli    .  n'l-Up'e'l     the     |.n!|'!i     I  I  "li:     .1  i.!.'   . 

.|..|m  \|.-!.a:n   NIII-I.!:.-.!  1  he  ),,.:,,;  :n  'I'--' 

.  1 -h  a:   MeCiilehen^.  il!e.  |'.,.|n    \1.,, 

.Inn,-  'i.  1-'-.  I>i:i,n-  the  i;-  .  M.  1 
\|,  (  iitel'i-ns'.  ill.-  ua-  l.ui'.l.  I.1'  '  1  >.  -N  !."_-. 
-llpl'1  ,  !"!  "lie  \  eai  .  !  P  'In  1  h'  lii"li!  h  "!  I  ''•• 
|s,.;;.  the  |,'e\  .  .1  .  I'..  l.a].s|,-\  n,ili;s|,  |.-.|  !..  !h 
,,i  !«.,,,,.  I,,  th,-  ->|,i:n-  -I  1-7  :!.•  K.  ,  I.1  1 
!,.raie.  an. I  a<  eej.i  ':u.  i..-.  an,.-  :h«  :  :  -:  n-ta'i 
1  |,  ;,.  the  |.a-t"ia!'-  •-!  !.'•  M  ••:''•  -!..-  ,  .,i: 
-anet  uar\  hii  i! I  '  i  ••'>'•  ••-'  '  :•  -  ^1 

tin  .re  i  "i  niii'  "!;•''.-  nil-    .1  :M  n. •••.-••!' 

,,;, •,-,-, -ml.  ami    ;he   p..    ,  !  '    :..,n. !-..ni.    .'!;!  . 
M"ii!  ".-  -:  i  •  i  '  - 

.  .  'Illpl'-te.! .   it    |s  •••>!  :tiiat«  •!  :  ',••  •  1   -  -  •  •     - 

1  tr_'.    |-ll! "i   ha  ~e    .    !     1"'!      a!   •! 
ie.irh    that    sen. 


2~S  HISTORY    OF    SF.XKCA    COUNTY. 

lit'V  .1.  F.  Pollock  succeeded  Rev.  .Moore,  and  was  installed  as  pastor  in 
1^7:;.  during  the  inontli  of  September.  After  live  years  of  faithful  service, 
lie  resigned  in  March.  1^7^  accepting  an  invitation  to  South  Toledo.  ( >hio. 
The  present  eiicumbent.  the  Rev.  I).  I).  1  Jiii^er.  hein^  a  duly  installed  pas- 
tor.  has  entered  tlie  third  year  of  his  ministry  with  the  church.  The  society 
is  in  a  nn»t  prosperous  condition.  The  report  for  the  year  closing  . I  lily  1st 
shows  an  addition  of  thirty  to  the  membership,  and  over  s.'l.iMin  raised  for 
ecclesiastical  and  lieiievoleiit  purposes,  collected  from  the  different  depart- 
ments of  the  church  work.  The  following  are  the  oilieers  of  the  church: 


David  Smythe.  \\'illiam  Davidson. 

•  lohn   Kerr.  Robert   Lysle. 

Francis  Frederick  Nathaniel   Heck.  (  'lerk. 

noAUI)   <)!'    TKfsTKKs: 

David   Laird.   President.  .lames  T.   Knolt.  Secretarx  . 

Henry  ('.  Bait/ell.  Treasurer.  ('.  D.  Sprat^ne. 

deoi^e  H.  Bornev.  -I.  S.   IJott. 

William   II.   Kempher. 

This  denomination  has  churches  located  in  this  county  at  Fostoria.  Mel- 
more.  Hloomville.  Mc(  'ntchensville  and  Republic.  At  the  latter  place  a  new 
church  is  under  process  of  building,  and  will  be  ready  to  occupy  this  fall. 

PI,  At  K.  (  in  i;i  n.                                        I'Avroi;. 

Titlin.  First  Presbyterian.                 Rev.  D.  I).  1  Silver. 

Fostoria.  Rev.  .1.  Iluuhes. 

Mcl'utchensville.  Presbyterian.                            Rev.  U.  \>.  Moore. 
Republic. 

Bloomville.  K'ev.  .1.  S.  P.oyd. 
Melmore. 


Tliis  is  the  only  religious  organi/.ation  in  Tittin  constituted  alter  the 
manner  of  the  union  of  the  Lutheran  and  Reformed  churches  in  (',  er- 
many.  a  religious  event  tliat  was  cclcbratcil  amon^  the  Protestants  ot 
^outhern  (iL-rmany  oil  the  iSth  dav  ol  November.  iSiS. 

'I'lii^  congregation  in  Titlin  was  or^ani/ed  under  a  charter  |ui>>ed  bv 
the  general  assembly  of  <)hio  on  the  iqtli  d:iy  of  March.  i.S^o.  under 
the  name  of  "The  I  Hited  (ierman  rivangeli<  al  I.utlieran  and  (lerman 
I-'.  van  ^'clical  Refot'ineil  St.  John's  Congregation  ot  Tiffin.  Seneca  count  v." 
Andrew  Albreeht.  Philip  Went/..  Valentine  See\vald.  I''ranci>  Sotider. 

\ndrea>    lilooiu.    Andrew    I)eii/er.    Plul'.ji    Seewahl.    lohn     I)i;io.    |a<ob 
Piover    and    \\illiam    I.uiu    were    tlie    charter    members.      <  )f  all    tlu-.-c. 

\ndi  •  .-.    P.iooni.   lacob  Piover   and  the  writer   are  all  that   ->ur\  i\'e.      The 
•'.}•••'    i  on^'iit'ition    \va->    adopted  in    iX^v      Rev.  Adam    Adolph    Conrad, 

me    •>!    the    :  re    minded    oi    cliristian    gentlemen,    \va<    it--    liixt 


l>a-t'ir.  am!  -MTVO!  tlu-  < 
tlii>.  l\c\  .  l'nnr.i'1  >rr\<-'! 
l.i>\svr  San>l:>k\.  llr  u 
<  >ral<  ITU  a!  ;••  I'.vcr-.  \\  in  ':: . 
him  hi  >>t>  i  M  me  m  i>  .niii ' 


•>•!<  .  i  e. :.-.:     ••.    .    \I:     \\ 

i/ed  !i\  f'M-iili'e  .iml  [M>eii<  th.ii...h:.  ..:.  :  tr'VrV' 
d.ed  trii  im>nth>  alter  he  [>reai  hed  hi-  :':-'  - 
thrivi j>i  MI  -erved  the  r<  in_:re_;a' a  m  ".;''•'  i  "•  -  - 
il'.irin^  .111  iii'criin.  Ke\.  I.  (\.  \fi>. 

I. utern. in  !)rraine  the  minister  aii'i  -r:".  r.i  ••.' 
('.  /iininennan,  'he  pre-^eir.  im  :iiu:>i-!i'.  -•;•  <  ee 

_;atin!i    --Mllereil    iii'ii  h.  anil    liei  anie    m  :i  '::    vi-ii 
tin-    imlela'  i^able    lilior-    aiui    the  !•  is  e  :M'-    •':.- 
a<  <  i  >ni['l;-heil  <  !:\  :iie.  I  lie  •  li'in  h  h.i-  :m  re 
r.-il    ui'l  iwentv  ineinlier--. 

1  lie  lir>l  meel:n_.    hi  i'1-.e  <  >\    '.  h: •-  <  •  >r. _ :  •  •_  it .  • 
in:,',  and  -.'(imi  .MI  tlie  -anie  -]m;  win  : 
i  Inn  h    !inw   >!aml>.   mi    -.nuili    h'':'1-.' 
and  uavt:  wayt'i  'h.e  ]M\--eii'   'ir;«k  i  }'.::<'. 
i   i  i  Miiim  id,;.  i'i>  |  p.ir>i  m.iue  ' ''  •   !  h.e  -.iiiii 
ne<  led    with    the    <  ll'li''  h.    iriln!  •    :         •  •:  ' '.     !•: 
awakenei  1    in    l!i<-    (  K  :  •:: 


invited  the  Rev.  |ohn  1..  Sanders,  of  Frederick  count v,  Maryland,  to 
visit  them,  with  the  view  oi  becoming  their  pastor.  The  invitation  was 
accepted  l>y  this  young  minister,  and  on  the  Sth  ilay  of  |une.  iX^,  he 
commenced  his  labors  among  his  ne\v  parishoncrs.  (  )n  the  jjolh  of  the 
same  month,  a  meeting  ot  all  \vlio  were  desirous  ot  going  into  the  new 
enterprise,  was  called,  at  which  time  a  constitution  was  adopted,  and  all 
who  wished  to  unite  with  the  proposed  organi/ation  subscribed  their 
names  thereto.  As  well  as  can  he  ascertained,  they  were:  Thomas 
l>err.  Joseph  (  )gle.  (ieorge  Stoner.  lacob  Kroh,  lonathan  Foil/. 
Frederick  ( 'ramer.  Joseph  Foncannon,  John  Kime.  John  .Martin.  I-'./ra 
I>err.  Cliristian  Ramsburg,  Frederick  \\  .  Shrivcr.  (ieorge  Sclirover. 
John  l.eydey.  William  Haugher.  Christian  Stoner.  Fli/abeth  <  >gle. 
Susanna  Ramsburg,  Rosanna  I  'err.  Catharine  Cramer.  Susanna  Folt/. 
Fli/abeth  Haughcr,  Margaret  Kime.  Sarah  Kroh,  and  Mary  Feydey. 
The  next  step  taken  was  to  elect  a  consistory,  the  members  of  whi<  h 
were  to  constitute  tlie  board  ot  trustees  also.  A  meeting  of  the  mem 
bers  was  held  for  tliis  purpose,  on  the  2  1st  of  July.  iX^.  when  >i.\  elders 
and  six  deacons  were  elected,  who  were  ordained  and  installed  accord 
MIL:  to  the  provisions  of  the  Reformed  church,  on  the  same  dav  of  their 

election. 

nriLi  u.\<  ;  <>!'    i  HI:   cin  KCH. 

At  the  meeting  aforesaid,  the  consistory  was  anthori/.ed  to  purchase 
a  lot  for  the  purpose  ot  erecting  on  it  a  church  ediiice.  to  be  built  of 
brick.  The  lot  upon  which  the  present  building  stands  was  purchased 
froin  (osiah  Ileilges.  for  tlie  sum  of  two  hundred  and  tiftv  dollars,  and 
was  d.eeded  to  the  trustees  ni  the  congregation.  known  tlu-n  bv  the 
name  of  the  ( iegnan  F\  angelical  Refornu-d  Church,  on  the  lOth  dav 
of  August.  T.S^.};  tin-  I'ollowing  persons  constituting  the  l>oard  at  that 
time:  |a<ob  Kroh.  lo-epli  Foncannt)!!.  Jonathan  l-'ult/.  luseph  (  >-le. 
Freder'n  k  ('ramer.  l».i\id  Ri<  keiibaugh.  John  |)itto.  |i»h:i  Kime.  \\ii- 
liam  I'.au^her.  Idni  Martin.  I'./ra  Derr,  and  I'eter  Schlo>ser.  Immedi 
ate  stejis  'Acre  taken  to  build  the  proposed  <  hnrch.  l-'or  \  arious  reasons 
the  work  progressed  slowly,  and  the  building  was  not  rcadv  for 
<  H  c  upatu  \  mi  mer  of  1X^5. 


Tin-   Rev.   !.  1  -   Sanders,  uho  was  liceii-ed  and  ordained  to  the  Lfospcl 
ir.  -'  ;' '     "f  May.    i  X  ^.  b\-  the   M  a  r\  iand  (  'lasses  of  the  (  iei 

<.".   RI-'I  '        :r«  h.  was  the  ni'st  minister  oi  tie/  <  on^regation.      lie 

r\e.;    :  !  '        •  me    oi    its    organisation    until  the  71!)  of  .\o\ember. 

>5-  i!    ik      _  ' :      :  inie  ot'  hi s  pastorate  two  and  a  half  years. 


1 1 1-  MK  i  c-v.or    \va-    the    Re1.,    I  rvdcn.  k   Rah. 
buth  the  (ierman  and  Kn^'ii-h  l.ui^ua^e-        He 
about  tour  and  one  halt  \ear-,  when    he    ie-        ••,;,  .u:d  \\ 
the     Rev.     haniel     Kroh.     uho    had    ;•;-•    !>--e  :.>•>[ 

ministry. 

The  Ke\  .   Kroh  .  ommeni  ed    lii-  labm--  a-  ••a-'-r    i 
iember,   i.S.p;.  and  \va-  re^uIaiU    :n-:a'ii< 
on  the   ijth  o!' April,   i.S.ji.      The  i  hun  h    beiis_  u  '.•:. 
time,  the  member-    sitting    mi    -lab    betn  he-.    \\  i-    :::!,;• 
uh.;.li    made    :t    a    more   <  omiortable    pi.i'  e    ••:    \\     ;-! 
'1  lie   Re\  .   Kroh  .ontinued  a-pa-ti'i    ".ii'ii  '.he   i  _•:'::  .•;   M 
he   re-!_;ned. 

The   R<-\.    Hiram    Shaull    beeame    h.i-    immed;a'e 
hi-    pa-'orate    the    <  hun  h    building,   \vhiih    haii    no;    '; 
painted.  \va-  fini-hed.  and  wa-  dedi.  a  ted  a; "  >';'  the  i  -;  .  •: 
The  Rev.  Shaull.    having    been   appointed    bs   tii-'b  Mid 
the  Tlieolo^i.  al  Seminar)    and,   Heidelberg  ('<i!'e_e.  '.. 
a  joint  a^em  \   tor  the    purpo-e  .>!\-ndo\\  ;;,_;    •;., 
iiiL.  and  t'eelinu'    it    to   be  h:-  dut\   to  .u  .  ^p1    :h. 
the  pa- '.orate  ot  the  .  on_re^  it  ion.  \\l\.>  h    ••"•!»  <••;.  ,  •    , 
uar\  .  i  ••>;  2 . 

The    Res.    (ieor^e    D      \\oltV   tlir 
lor  one  \  ear.  alter  u  h;i  h  he  i  f-;_r.^d.       II    •  :     • 
i;,  Jul\.    i.s;.;. 

\  tier  a  s  ai  ain  \  oi  i  ij;      \  .  •  .\  \  .  •  \       \-\       .    \\  •      !\     . 

I .  a  - !  o  i .       He  i  o  m  m  e  m  e  d  ': 


:,  •:-.,!    -'ipenniend.-:-   ,.;    H.,-,.      \| 
.eren-   board-    ..:    Ho:.;  •   \I 

\    \  ,n  am  \    a_;ain  01  .  :;n  ed   '.<«.'  •••. 

11..         •  be.  ame  ilie      a-:or,       1  !  • 


HISTORY    OI-'    SKNI-X'A    COUNTY. 


The  congregation  is  in  a  prosperous  condition,  with  a  communicant 
membership  ot  230,  and  a  nourishing  Sunday  School  of  2^0  scholars. 


There  are  now  fourteen  churches  in  Seneca  count}"  belonging  to  the 
denomination  known  as  the  Re  formed  Church  in  the  I'nited  States, 
descended  from  the  Reformed  Confession  in  (  lermanv  and  Swit/erland. 
whose  best  known  representatives  in  the  reformation  age  were  I'lric 
/wingle,  lohn  Calvin.  llenrv  Bullinger,  /acharias  I  rsinus,  and  Casper 
(Hevianus.  The  settlers  in  Seneca  county  who  founded  these  churches 
were  mainly  of  three  kinds:  first,  those  from  Maryland  (mostly  from 
Frederick  and  Washington  counties);  second,  those  from  Pennsylvania 
.  I.ehigh,  Berks,  I'nion.  Northampton  and  other  counties):  third,  those 
from  (iermany  and  Switzerland  (mostly  from  the  Palatinate,  or  Rhenish 
Bavaria.  Westphalia.  Nassau,  llessia.  etc).  The  following  table  will 
show  the  location,  founding  and  strength  of  these  churches,  together 
with  such  illustrative  notes  as  it  was  in  my  power  to  gather,  which. 
1  hope,  will  have  a  historical  value: 

TAl'.LK    or    RK.roRMK!)    CHfKCHKS     IN     SKNKl'A    COUNTY. 

WHKN 


NAMK. 

First  Churcli  Tifliu.       TiMin  City.  Is.'!:! 


/ion's  (  'liurcli. 

Thompson  T'w'p. 

ls;;n 

Salem  <  'Imrch. 

Scipo.  T'w'p. 

ls.",7 

St.  .Jacob's. 

Adams  '!'  w'p. 

Is.'U 

Blooiii\  ille. 

Bloomville. 

1  S')(  I 

Bascom. 

Bascom. 

I  s'ii! 

Salem. 

Seneca  T'w'p. 

l.s."i:; 

Berwick. 

Berwick. 

1  Sol  I 

(  )live  Chape!. 

•Jackson  T'w'p. 

1  ^"i:! 

Ft.  Seneca. 

1'leasant  T'w'p. 

1  S.V) 

<  'aniline. 

Venice  T'w'p. 

Second  Titlin. 

Tiltin. 

iSod 

(.lade  I'liioli. 

I'leasaiit  T'w'p. 

1  N7-") 

RI-.  MAKK.N      \N  I  '     \<  >  !  |   -  . 

It  will  be  noticed  that  there  is  a  Reformed  ('Imrch  in  each  of  the 
fifteen  town. -hips  of  the  county,  with  the  exception,  as  yet.  of  Liberty. 
Reed.  F.den  and  Bi_:  Spring.  The  following  note-,  will  rescue  some 
:,M  •  -  ; • 

\     -pi  i  ial    h;stor\   of  this  church  will  be  tound  in  another  phu  e. 

i  S  ^  n     ! 


tlie    land    bein^r    donated    !>y    John    He.-'.er 
edifice-,  on  the  -ame  ground. ;  the  fi;--*  ;rf;lt 
and  the    third,    one    ot    the    nne-i    cd::p  < 
with    a    tall    -teeple,    in    i  -i;  ;.       I  : 
name-  of  the  min:-:er-.  :n  -MCI  e 
i .      Rev.   M  at  (  h'lji. 

1  n  d(  rit  k    Rah.t'i-er. 
;.         ••       1  rederii  k  Wall!. 
;.  I.  ('.   Klar. 

••       Itavid  Kelle\. 
The    prim  ip.i'.     l.unihe-    a:     the    -t  ir:    we 

Dunn.    Sr..     l-aac    Lew;-.    Ilcnr\     llownian,     Rudolph   llowman.    liem\ 
Stetter.  and   Henry   l!'.mn.      <  >ther    lani.'.i         -::n  e.    repre-.e:;'--.!  :.\    |-ia 
RostM.     S.iMrie!     R  uer.     I  ilin     l\  iver.     M  inani     R  i\er.      lave  i      R  >\  ri . 
Linanuel  (lood,  C.eor-e  liond.     \dain    (',«  id.  Jr..  C,eo:^c  \\',, 
Conrad  \Vollen-lagel.    John    Wo'.len-I.uei,    Jr..    I'iiri-tian  \\  ./ 
\\iii.Cood.    \\in.     Mennehoif    John    Mat/.    Neri   Ma:/.    ->am  :e!   M  r:r\  . 
(iottliel)    Maur\.     MaLuhi     I.oe-eber.     Lred.     llowman.    aii'l    A  :_",-: 
Steinmet/.      Tlie  \alue  ot  the  pre-en!  diun  ii    pro|.er;\    i-  a:>ov.  S')..: 
Salem    Retormed     clrirch     wa-    fir-;    or_;an:   ed    in     \  l.nn-    :ow:i-'a.> 

a  union  <  hurdi.  Reformed  and  Lutheran'    1>\    Re\.  1     R  i':;a';-er.       1  '::•• 
original  land  in    \dam-  town-hip  wa-  ilonated  1>\-     |o!;n  (  icvm.r.'..       I    . 
jand    on     which     the    church     now    -land-    wa-    [>:m  ha-e  I    t:   en    l»a\  .•: 
\\)ant.      There  have  lieen    to'ir    i  h;irt  h    eds'ii  e-.  ;h--  !ir-t  :n    i  ••*  ;  7 

I'iie  pre-enl    nea'.    britk    i  huri  h    wa-    c-re(  led  in    iviV       1': 
ha\  e  been  the  mini-ter-: 
i  .      Re\  .   1  .   Rahau-er. 
1-red.   \Vahl. 
;  •'        1  '.   \V.    kelley 

;  -•        |.   (  '.    Kl.ilir. 

1    :      original    fi-.u'.;: 
M   '  o.se:.   1.:     k  ir-:    Ivj 

\n:      •:.>     H  i:-;.-.:    '.I! 

M  ..;  •- ...     k       :.-..  i       i! 


284  HISTORY    OF    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

gani/.ed  the  Reformed  congregation  of  that  name,  and  has  been  pastor 
until  the  present  time.  The  church  is  built  on  land  donated  by  Jacob 
Gruber.  The  following  are  the  representative  heads  of  the  principal 
families:  Herman  Detterman.  Jacob  Gruber,  Joseph  Hilsinger,  Paul 
Hobbes,  George  Detterman,  Samuel  Detterman.  Henry  Cook.  Daniel 
Reiter.  Daniel  Gruber,  Henry  Detterman,  II.  Brinkman.  I-'.  Berlekamp. 
R.  Berlekamp,  Thomas  Mohr,  and  others. 

The  original  name  of  the  Bloomville  church  was  Mt.  Pisgah: 
organi/.cd  the  2=;th  ot  August,  1850,  by  Rev.  H.  K.  Baines,  with  George 
Swigart  and  Philip  Heilman  as  elders,  and  Adam  Baker  and  I-',  /.im- 
merman  as  deacons.  The  church  is  built  on  an  acre  ot  land  donated 
by  Simon  Koler.  The  property  is  worth  about  $2,500.  The  ministers 
and  supplies  have  been: 

1.  Rev.  H.  K.  Baines.  7.      Rev.  Joseph  A.  Keller. 

2.  "      J.  C.  Klahr.  8.        "       I,.  Grosenbaugh. 

3.  ••       David  Kelley.  9.         "      J.  A.    Steplar. 

4.  ••       M.  Keiffer,  D.  D.  10.         "      J.  D.   Gehring. 

:;.        ••      |.  H.  Good.  ii.        "       Samuel  Shaw,  since  Aug.. 

(>.         ••       W.  W.  James.  [1876. 

The  principal  families  are  the  Heilmans.  Krilleys.  Kolbers.  Bakers. 
Geigers.  Klalirs.  Sanisels.  Frankcnfields,  etc. 

The  Bascom  church  was  originally  gathered  by  Rev.  I.  |.  Beil- 
liaiv.  as  a  Lutheran  and  Reformed  church,  and  a  neat  little  church 
erected  in  the  village  ot  Bascom.  <  )n  the  1st  of  January .  18^2.  it  wa,v 
organi/ed  by  Rev.  Pro].  I-'..  V.  Gerhar:  as  a  (ierman  Rclormcd  church. 
The  first  ofticers  were.  Benjamin  Fried,  elder,  and  Christian  Deubel. 
deacon.  The  heads  (,f  the  principal  families  have  been:  Dr.  Henry 
\Veiv.  |ohn  George  \Veiv.  Michael  Waiter.  Michael  Strong,  lacob 
Schmid.  Nicholas  Dewald.  Peter  Dcwald.  Philip  Dewald.  lacob  Kissa- 
beth.  Philip  Kis^abeth.  Jacob  Brendle.  John  Nan.  (ieorge  Shatlner. 
John  Kinkerter.  Philip  Stinky,  lacob  Sherer.  ('onrad  Bohn.  lacob 
H  ci-sernian.  'I  he  ministers  have  been: 
i.  Kev.  L.  V.  (ierhart.  7,  Rev.  lacob  Kuhn. 

M.  Mueller.  8.        -       \V.   II.  Fenneman. 

}.         ••       H.I.  Kutcnick.  <i.         "       1 ..  Richter. 

4.  I.  J.   |-:s<  her.  10.  (  '.   1  .   Krithe. 

5.  ••        |.  Mat/inger.  i  i .         "        |.   H.  Good. 
<).         ••       !  .  St  rassncr. 

Salem     church,    in    Seneca    townshiii.    was 


Km:,  h.   l.unS.-r:     \l;:';n.    ]•>!::;    II   .-n  k.     li    ••'• 
doi-ritVr.  1-rrdi-ri.  k    I'.akrv      -..;   U 
\  \<  >uxl\    ln-l»n_rd  !>  >  a   I.uthcvin    c.d   !<••: 
»r_Mni/ol     (>V     K<".  .     (  '<  ill!  Mil,     :   i     the     \     a:      I--: 
:>'i;lt   in   i  S  •  -,  al>'  MI'    i  >!it-    .i:id    • 
.1!   \r\v   Kic^cl.    .it    lu-wn    !<>_>,    liiinl    w;tli    >;.. 
:liM.r  ami  sc.it->.      '1'lic  liuilihn^  wa*.    fi^htn-u  ! 
rK'\ni  tec!    hi^li         'I'lif    Sail-in    i  h';n  h.    .il'rr 
neat    and    haiuUiiinc   tranu-   <  hurt  !i.    ->!;!!    --'.i"- 
imiii   l'hili]i  NJhrrual.      '1'lu-  hrad-^  <>\  the    |ii\:n 
tnlhu^i-  |'i'r\  ".>  >'\~-\  \     rained,    has  r    IKTII.     I'liiii 
Shul.a.  h.  N    I-Vin.li-l.Win.  \\'i-nni-r,  K,»iu-r!  I1.  ;:; 
V  Knrii  h.  \V.  Di-i-,,  Silas  Hnt'tVrt.   I'.  \\  a-nrr, 
|i  >lui   k<  i' hi m  h>.  and  utlu-r-.       1  hr  -<:i  i  i-->i\  c 
i.       Ui.-v.    1^.   \  .  <  ii-rhart.  ;.       l\<\. 

M.  Muclk-r. 

;.         ••        I.    I.    I!-  h'-r.  ;. 

4.         ••       1  .  Stra-^ncr.  S.         " 

The     lii-rwii  k     (imprecation    \\a^    I'lr^t      c-1'' 
'.earn,     hy     Re\.     I- rcdcrii  k    \\ahl.          l'!:r     ].;: 
Si  humai  lu-r-.  lUoiiin^.  M  il'u-r-.   I.OIIL;^.    S|>ra'i>< 
(.-iifrally  In -en  N-ijij.liL-d  l»v  t'nc  ->anu-    pa->'o:  -,   .(-, 
wlii(  li  is  only  two  mill's  distant.      1-or    a    IHMII! 
h.a\-c  licen  ^u^prndcd  at  th;^  j»Lu  r.  :ln-  jiii-ni!>r 
Salcin. 

'I'ht-    (  i  iiiL;rr_;at  11  in     at      '  >i;\'c     (   hapt-l.      ir. 
•  u^ani/rd  li\  •  Kc\  .   Prut.    1\.  (iond.    ••!     I    tt;:i. 
IM,_>.  ,,n  land  ilonatrd  1,\    |a<  ••!.  ^'  ihi         I  ::- 


jX(>  HISTORY    OK    SENECA    COUNTY. 

Rust.      The    principal    families,   at    its   organi/ation.    consisted   of  tlie 
Swanders.  Keifs,   Fmichs.   Fieges,  Blooms,  Bachers.  Seipels.  Yon  Blons, 
Hon>bergers,  Knaiises,    Sohns.    Kremers.  Schneiders  and   many  others. 
It    possesses    a    property    worth    about    55,000       The  "  Frauenvcrein 
numbers  sixty  members. 

The  Reformed  Church,  of  Fostoria.  was  orgaui/ed  by  Rev.  A.  Cassel- 
man,  on  the  j^d  of  March.  1X79,  with  twenty-live  members,  and  incor- 
porated on  the  joth  of  Ajiril  of  the  same  year.  The  lot  on  which  the 
church  is  built  was  purchased  of  lames  Kritcher  lor  S^oo.  The  corner 
stone  was  laid  on  the  jotli  of  May.  and  the  buikling  dedicated  Septem- 
ber jXth.  1X79.  The  value  of  the  church  property  is  about  Sn.ioc. 
The  officers  of  the  church  at  its  organi/ation  were: 

Elders— Rev.    M.  Mueller  and  II.  W.  Runkle. 

Deacons — Samuel    Stewart  and  Jacob  Holmaster. 

The  Fort  Seneca  congregation  of  the  Reformed  church  was  organi/ed 
about  the  year  1X57,  by  the  Rev.  M.  Kieffer,  D.  D.  who  served  it  about 
four  years.  The  following  were  the  first  officers  elected: 

Flders — Simon  Shuman,  Jacob  Hale,  Barney  Zimmerman. 

Deacons — Felix  Beck,  Henry  Stoner,  Daniel    C.  Richard. 

Trustees — Barney  Zimmerman.  Henry  Sioner.  )ohn  Zeigler. 

The  church  was  erected  shortly  after  the  organi/ation,  at  a  cost  of 
about  Si. ^oo,  the  lot  having  been  donated  by  John  Zeigler.  Rev.  S. 
Shaw,  i  ;  tudent  of  the  Theological  Seminary  at  Tiffin,  succeeded  Dr. 
Kieffer  in  the  pastorate  in  April.  1X61,  and  was  succeeded  by  Revs.  IF 
Bair.  \\  .  lames  ami  (1.  H<ks,  each  of  them  serving  only  a  short  time. 
In  the  year  1X60  Rev.  (i.\V.  \Villiard,  D.  D.,  President  of  Heidelberg 
College,  took  charge  of  the  congregation,  at  which  time  it  numbered 
only  about  thirty  members.  Things  soon  began  to  assume  a  more 
hopetul  aspect,  and  encouraging  accessions  were  made  trom  time  to 
time,  until  the  congregation  now,  (April.  1880.)  has  a  membership  of 
eighty-live  active  communicants.  The  church  building  has  been  re- 
paired several  times,  and  i-  now  in  good  condition.  The  congregation 
has  a  good  Sunday  school,  with  an  average  attendance  of  about  sj\tv, 
and  property  worth  about  Sj,ooo  The  officers  of  the  congregation 
IK iw  are: 

Pastor-— Rev.  (i.  \V.  \\Tlliard. 

I  '.Idrrs— -  1'h.  Frey.  Samuel   Bair,   Henry  Stoner. 

Deacons— Ch.  (iaiigwcr.  Fred.  Hade.  Charles  Zeis. 

I  he  C.iade  I  11:011  Kclormed  congregation  was  ,>rgani/ed  by  Re\  . 
(ieo.  \\  .  \\illiard.  D.  D..  December  i7th.  1X71.  The  following  persons 
united  iu  the  or-ani/atior. :  \\'illiam  Steckel,  Clara  Steckel.  Francisca 


1  HI      (   HIK<   1H  N. 

Mec  kcl.   |aco!)  I'mvri -o\,  >u^an  I'M  p\vcrs<t\.  |.i<  «  P!J  I  .•  >w: 
William  Shrh  er,  Ann  Marie  Shri\  i  r,  1  '.  s'nr:\i-r. 

<  >ii\  cr  \\  at»  >n.      \\'i!iiani     >:>ik«l  I  :•       .    I'.-wi-i 

liiiiit  in   1-^71.    and    >  li-thratni     \".',\     jii.    1-71         1'    .-. 
IH-IIM/  ,.|'  a!. ..:;t  M.         .       l<i.-\  .  (  i...:..-  \\  .  \\  !.   I  •    I 

>i'\and  \\iiiiani  !>l;r;\  IT  wrrr    '.};< 
-p  p\  d'  mated  tlu-  lot. 

I'r.   U  liliard  ha     >er\ed    tlu-   .  ..n---,-.    :.- 


ua\  iiMTi'.i^nl  am!  i;n\v  n;;iii 
will  sea!  J  v  per--.  .i>.  'I'lu-  |.r 
t!uj  \\iirk  i'. i  it>  i'1'L'i  tii  in  \sa^  iliii 


lliriiu^l;  tin1  kindiH'--^  DJ  tin-  Kt-\.  |<i>i-j.!i  I'.i  .r,  r:, 
ha\  t.-  1  >erii  •>(.'<  i :!'(.•( !,  v :/. : 

'1  he  MiM  i  >ruan:/at  [i  in  \\  a^  cllci  :ni  . ;.  •':.••  \c,\r  iS 
l'hili[i  Hrrt/.  Diu-  hah  iniK-  i-a>t  "i  M  r'.n,.  •;  r.  'I  :;r; 
i  I.':  i' i  h  'n  m->rv  iii  t!i ;  -,  di'iii  innn.it : '  >n  :ii  >nu-i  ,i  <  ::.' 


!  r;    tin-    al^rm  r   i  >!    a    m  >  >n  i    -h'  >v.  ;n_:    :  '  .• 
l\n_::-h    I/atlu-ran    <  h;:n  h    ;n    Tittin.  tin 
tic--.  n\  I  )r.    |.  <  'ruiiM-.  and  '!u-  Kr,  .  I.  I    •.  • 
^1  n.';ik   ll'i  mi   liR-lm  T\    «\\\\  . 

Thr  l"ir--t   nice:;:).,  wa->  ln-!d  in  l!u-  l>r:rk   -i  :.-" 
>triv!,    in    Tittin.    in    '!:••    --'annnrr    ..;     !"•!;.    \\li>:i 
or^ani/cil   1>\    Mr.   I  .inrn-.i.  pd.       \fcr\\  a:  >!-,  ;!H'\   ! 
tin-  Cn.Tni.in   Kciipnm-d  <  hnn  h.  :<pr  a      .  '•;  turn-.       1 


•  Iran  h.  A  part  >  pt"  a  '<<  .'  u  a-  ;• 
-irn-:.  whrrr  t!u-  I-M-M-M:  .  h-;i.  ! 
a  plain  tr.'.inc  h>  >".-<•  '  '••  .1  '  \  :  -\ 


organi/ation    Mr.    Rickenbaugh    and    Mr.    l'>ow<er   were   elected   elders, 
and  Mr.   kii^inan  and  Mr.  SechriM.  deacons. 

In  i  So;  the  old  traine  cliurcli  \vas  moved  away,  and  the  present  beau- 
tiful, brick  edifice  erected  in  it>  place.  I)r.  Croupe  is  no\v  serving  as 
pastor  ot  the  congregation  in  his  tonrth  year.  There  are  t\vo  hundred 
members  enrolled,  and  two  liundred  scholars  in  the  Sundav  school. 


There  are  self-made  men  in  the  pulpit,  as  well  as  in  other  walks  of 
life,  and  the  subject  of  this  sketch  is  one  of  these.  This  sketch  is  in 
improper  place  here,  because  \~>r.  ('rouse  dedicated  the  first  Knglish 
Lutheran  church  here  i  the  frame  building,  i  afterwards  the  pre>ent 
brick  edifice,  and  is  now  serving  the  congregation  in  the  fourth  year  of 
his  pastorate. 

He  is  the  son  ot  Jacob  and  Lli/a  ('rouse,  i  the  maiden  name  of  the 
latter  being  Wilclisin,")  and  was  born  in  Columbiana  county,  ()hio.  on 
the  2()(\i  day  ot  .August.  iSu.  His  parents  came  to  Columbiana  county 
in  iSc>5,  from  Kmmittsburg,  Maryland.  Young  ('rouse's  education  was 
the  best  the  common  schools  in  that  country  afforded  at  that  time. 
He  married  when  only  twenty-two  years  ot  age.  and  taught  school 
^everal  terms  for  a  livelihood,  both  Lnglish  and  (iennan  at  the  >ame 
time. 

When  he  arrived  at  man's  estate,  and  during  the  time  and  after  he 
taught  school,  he  felt  very  keenly  the  want  of  a  thorough  education, 
and  applied  liimself  to  books  with  the  iron  will  and  persevering  indus- 
try that  always  lead  to  success,  in  every  walk  of  life. 

From  his  boyhood  up.  he  cherished  a  desire  to  become  a  preacher 
of  the  gospel,  and  when  the  time  arrived  for  the  choice  of  a  life-work, 
no  one  employment  suited  his  nature  so  well  as  that  ot  the  ministry  ot 
the  gospel  Man\'  circumstances  combined  to  prevent  his  engagement 
in  the  work,  among  which  was  his  dittidence  and  tear  ot  personal  unlit - 
lie--  f<  ir  the  calling. 

Alter  lie  had  parsed  his  thirtieth  year,  a  providential  way  seemed  to 
open  to  him  for  the  work.  lie  --till  had  his  troubles,  ami  doubt-  ot 
l):-iiiL.r  abie  to  enter  UIMUI  it:  and  there  was  a  ^tru^gle  between  a  keen 
•>eiise  ot  dutv  to  pivai  h  and  want  ot  contideiice  in  him>elt  to  meet  the 
dut\.  whii  h  made  him  mentally  wretched  for  sunn-  time.  After  passing 
month"  in  this  unluppv  state  of  mind,  he  finally  threw  himselt  into  the 
•;  11 i'  i  -  n:  <  .  id.  i  <M  \ ' :  n_  results  to  Him. 

\\ 


Keliruarv,    i'V}-'.       In  .^eptemlie!  .   i  >.;j.  he    A  a-    ••vaniiti'-d    \>\    .1   • 
iee  o!  the   I  .\  an_;e!  :i  al   I  utheran  >\  nod  •>;  <  'hi'  •  .ir.'i    idia*  en;  -'.ate-,  aiii 
ua-  lit  en-ed    at    the    >ame    time        I'K-.H  Innj    .i!-..u:    flncc    \eai-  li>iit;«-i. 
he  wa-  ordained   ,  n    1X47.       lie  ha-  !  ieeii   .11  tin-  M-:  \  .1  <•  !,<  >\v   a  lit  tic  •  >v  ri 
thirty  ei^'ht    \ear-     -even  \ear-  ot    tin-   t;nie  he  -A.I>  tin-    imam  ial  ><-,  r<- 
t  ir\    i>i'   \\'utcnlK-i •-  ("olU-^c.  al   Sju  :n^!irh!,  <)|M(I 

1  >r.  ('ruu^c  IN  a  linr  ^prriiuni  »!  .1  ilin^tian  !i-ai  tier  iin!<l  an-! 
friendly  in  hi--  mtcn •MUI'-M'  \\iih  inhri^.  ht'iai!  and  uix-ra!  in  h;>  \  u-\v>.  a 
th<MMUL,'h  tlu-Mln^ian.  a  lurnhlr  and  rl<Hjiu-ii(  pulp;:  Mtatoi.  I!i>  Lilxit> 
in  the  vineyard  M(  the  Lord  during;  •-<>  nian\  \ear«>  have  ^;\en  .imptc 
pr<",|  th.t!  hi-  eMnceptimi  M)  tile  mi^-Hm  oi  'n;,  hie  \\.i-  wdi  ^fiunded 

NIK  I  IK  il'l-  I      I'KM  |  |->  I    \  N  I     i    III    Ki    II 

>(IMI:  .il'er   tile  >e<  e-siiiii   in   the  old    M      1..  <    It'iri  h.  a  -M<  iet\  M;   -;\U-cii 
tr.emln.-r-  \\  a-  •  ir^ani/ed  in   Man  h.  i  s.-ij.  'indei  the  •  MII\  entiona!  at  t;<  le-. 
1>\    Res.     lame-     M  Mnt_;<  miei  \  .    a!     |-iut   >enee.i        Mr.    M  t  imp  nnerx     \v  a- 
ent.reiv    ai<Uie  a-    a    relnnnei.    there    liesn^    in>    -M(  ,et\     nearer  than    "He 
hundred  mile- .    !>ut  he  \va-  "  all  in  al!      t«  i  In-  1;  tile  I'.MI  k  up  :M  h;-  death 
The  little  -i)det\    \\  as  then   iett   \\itliMin   -t  -hephei  d.  hut   tlie\    re-.>'\edt" 
-tand  la-'.       l.ihi;     >'iuder.    then     .;     iavmai:.     \\.t-     e'ie(teti    <  ia--  leailet 
Tlic\    Kept   '-.p  their  meeting-,  and  :n   i>;-'   A>;_e;    M<  (•-:.!(    made  them    i 
nu--!tinar\    visit   .>!  tour  MI    li\  e  "-ahli  f  h-.  <iui  .  ti_  \\  h,i  '!.   he  o;  _.IM.,  <-d  ;\\    . 
other  -ma!'  >  ia--e-.       lianiei    Jiililion-.    .1    \o'.in^,    tnan.    A  i-  ' 

1 1 !  e  III .    who.    Mi    the    M  e  \  !    i   o  ]] !  e  ['  e  II  i    i  • .   fe]    o  !  '  e .  !    .  1 1 ,  e    h  ' !  11  d  JV'i !  all"!      h  .  1  i  \     11  ^ 

memlier-.        \!U  r    h;tn.    1  >as  :d    1  1  •  >"  • 

pro.-re--        i',io;her  Bonder,  the  \  «-t,-i    :.  j»;5 
i'  n  al    tni'i  ,-ter.    ha-    :  i  ved    to    ,.-r 
portion-. 

I  he   (  oiiji  e_at:i  •!!   ihat  u  .1-  «\  _..;..    id    i.    1    Mi, 
<  i  n    M  M  n  r  1 1  e    -tree*.    \\  h ;  i  h    u  .  i  -    d  e  d :  <    i'  < 

luly.    i^;: 

Johl         Si. lid. 'I.       U   lill.lll.      <     .lM:pi.         .       io.eph       \\ 

Phillip-   were   the  Luilditu   '  ..lnin:i:   ••        1  I.M. 
\\-or-hii'    ii:;;i    'he;;    ;.ie --.-;;•    ..ir._e  a':i.  :•    .iu!   '-;.  . 


2()0  IIISIORV     OF    SKNKCA    COl'NTV. 

The  organi/ation  of  the  congregation  dates  back  to  September,  tX2<). 
when  Bishop  Fenwick,  ot  Cincinnati:  bought  of  losiali  1  ledges  the  site. 
The  building  was  postponed  for  want  of  means,  and  until  Mr.  Kinnev 
and  other.s  contracted  tor  the  brick  as  before  stated.  Father  Fdnmnd 
Quinn  took  charge  of  the  congregation  in  iX^.  He  was  a  venerable 
and  noble  looking  priest,  highly  esteemed  by  all  our  citi/ens.  He  had 
his  mother  here  with  him.  This  brick  church  was  finished  in  the  spring 
ot  iN.i.v  Father  Ouinn  remained  in  charge  of  it  until  his  death  here, 
in  the  fall  of  18:55.  '['hereupon  Bishop  1'urcell  appointed  the  Rev. 
Father  Schoenhen/.  who  continued  to  officiate  until  the  fall  ot"  iS^<;. 
and  wa> succeeded  by  Father  McXamee  and  the  Rev.  I.  I'.  Machebeouf. 
at  present  bishop  ot  Colorado  and  New  Mexico.  leather  Machebeout. 
in  1X42.  went  to  Sandu>ky  City,  and  Fnther  McNamee  remained  until 
1847.  late  in  the  fall,  when  Bishop  Rappe  appointed  the  Rev.  Father 
M.  Howard,  who  remained  until  April.  1^50.  in  September,  when  the 
Rev.  M.  Molon  succeedeil  him.  and  remained  until  iSq^.  He  was 
succeeded  by  the  Rex  .  M.  <  VSullivan.  who.  in  the  summer  ot  i8;(>.  built 
the  present  St.  Marv's  church,  and.  remained  in  charge  until  February. 
iX;g.  wlien  it--  present  pastor,  the  Rev.  Father  M.  Healy.  took  charge 
ot  the  church,  and  who  has  officiated  now  twenty  one  vears.  There  are 
i)^o  members  belonging  to  this  church.  Father  Healy  organi/ed  three 
M'hooK.  in  1X04.  numbering  now  160  scholars,  and  in  1X70  built  the 
present  parsonage.  Their  present  cemetery  was  purchased  in  1X78. 
containing  tl\e  acres,  easi  of  the  city,  on  the  North  Creenfield  road, 
and  was  blessed  by  Father  Healy.  assisted  by  father--  Fvranl  and 
Ahem.  <  )i:tober  i.  i.S.S. 


About  the  year  iX4X.  lacob  Snvder  came  to  Tiffin  \\'ith  his  family. 
and  in  the  year-.  1X^4  ;^  the  families  ol  the  Kev.  |.  C.  X.inser.  I.udwig 
Schubert,  William  ( '.  Negile  and  M.  Huber  settled  in  the  citv  :  these 
org;'mi/ed  a  class  and  were  served  by  the  regular  rip  nil  preachers,  in 
the  following  order,  vix:  Rev--.  F.  1'rcch.  John  l-'.rb.  R.  |.  |.  Kanaga  and 
|.  (i.  Theurer.  Their  services,  both  preaching  and  pra\  er  meeting--, 
were  held  in  the  houses  (ii  these  families. 

At  the  annual  '  onterence  of  iX;f>  this  society  was  constituted  a  mis- 
sion station,  with  filtv  members.  The  Kev.  F.  F.  Sheurennan  became 
i's  fir-!  missionary,  in  1X^7.  and  served  until  the  spring  ot'  iS;<;.  and 
siive  that  time  the  <  hiirch  has  been  ser\ed  b\  the  following  pastors. 
vi/:  —  | .  ( i .  Theurer.  ti]i  to  i X(>o;  |.  C.  /. in>er.  to  i  X6  i  :  C.  drainer,  to 
iXf>};  d.  1  1 ,]  reti]  itliiLr.  to  iX'j;;  |.  Fran  k  ha  Use  r.  to  1X07;  F.  B.  Crousc, 


.uul  l,uo!>  Mi\iK-r  -crvin.;  ,i>  tn^'.- 
i  ii'in  h  .uul  p.ir'Mina^f  h.ivr  nii'!<  i_ 
>i.ooc.  <  >i)  thr  jis;  ,i.t\  ni  A;.r:! 
i  ir^.ini/nl.  with  thirl\  -<  In  'iar-,  a;i> ! 
1'iv-M/n!  rmni!n.T.  \\ill:. tin  ('.  Ni^i l 
the  '  ir^.ttli/.i:  ii  Ml  to  t!u-  prr>rn!  '.:::• 

I'll'-  <  >'n:i '  .111:1-.:. i!   <  i  >Mtt-!vn<  r   ' 
;n   i  M  i ;    .  1 1 1 1  i    1^75.      In    i  s  7  i    1 1  H  • 
\v.i>   <  b.aiui-il    ?V'  'in  a  in:--.,  m    l«>    .1 
>•  M  irt  \  ;h>    Suni  !.i  \  r\  rr.in^  prr  i>  ;.  • 
Luij'i.i^'-.  ..:nl  r>!i'ir'.l\   .iiti-r  .1:1  1.; 


,i!      sKM.CA     OH'NTY. 


In  184;  the  C.erman  Catholics  of  Tit'tin.  who  tor  a  number  of  years 
had  been  members  of  St.  Mary's  Knglish  church,  solicited  and  obtained 
from  the  Right  Rev.  J.  H.  Ptircell,  Bishop  of  Cincinnati,  the  permission 
to  organi/e  a  separate  congregation.  They  numbered  at  that  time 
from  thirty  to  forty  families.  They  went  to  work  with  energy  and  lib- 
erality, and  selected  near  the  city  a  beautiful  site  of  two  acres. 

From  1X4^  until  January,  1X^2,  the  new  (German  organi/ation  was 
attended  by  priests  of  the  Sanguinnist  congregation,  who  came  from 
Thompson  or  New  Riegel  (then  called  Wolf  Creek ),  the  Kevs.  K.  Sale- 
sius  Brnnner.  lohn  Wittmer.  |.  B.  Jacomet,  Vacob  Kingeli.  M.  Anton 
Meyer.  1'.  Anton  Capeder,  !•".  X.  ( )bermiller,  Maximillian  Hamburger. 
John  Yon  den  Broeck  and  Mathias  Kreusch.  The  last  named  resided 
for  a  few  months  in  the  city,  with  a  catholic  family.  In  January,  1X52. 
Rev  I..  Molon.  pastor  of  St.  Mary's  church,  was  also  appointed  pastor 
of  the  (ierman  congregation,  and  had  a  separate  service  in  each  church 
every  Sunday  until  September  of  the  same  year,  when  Rev.  J.  B.  I'hh 
mann  arrived  from  dermany  and  was  appointed  pastor  ol  the  yonn- 
and  flourishing  congregation.  The  present  parsonage  was  then  built. 
Rev.  rhlmann  remained  in  Tiffin  until  May.  1X50.  when  he  was  sent  to 
Canton.  Stark  count).  Ohio. 

His  successor  was  the  Rev.  loseph  I,.  Bihn.  who  was  removed  in 
September.  1^7,}.  at  his  own  request,  alter  a  pastoral  ministration  ot 
mure  than  seventeen  years  In  August.  1X70.  Rc\.  N.  Schnit/  became 
his  assistant,  and  remained  until  August.  iSyj.  In  September,  1X72. 
Rev.  A.  M .  Meile  was  appointed  assistant,  and  remained  until  Jui>. 
1X73.  Another  assistant.  Rev.  |.  A.  M  ichenfelder.  was  appointed,  but 
remained  <>nlv  eighteen  davs  and  was  remo\'ed  attei"  the  resignation  ot 
the  pastor. 

In  punishment  ot  the  disorders  which  had  compelled  Rev.  J.  I,.  Bihn 
to  give  up  his  charge,  the  congregation  was  lett  without  a  pastor  and 
the  church  closed  for  more  than  two  months,  alter  which  time  tin- 
Right  Kev.  Bishop,  moved  by  the  repealed  petitions  ot  the  people, 
appointed  the  present  pastor.  Re\  .  Charles  I  A  rani,  under  whose 
administration  peace,  was  at  OIK  e  restored  and  has  since  remained 
undi-turbcd.  hi  August.  1^77.  the  l\e\.  I.  B.  1  Inland  became  hi- 
assistant.  b'i!  was  i  umpelled  l>v  his  lailiug  health  to  leave  Tittm.  in 
Man  i  .  I'-oV 


I  Irculic  h.     |o-e|>!-.    \'.)liiiH-r.    M;.  h.i 
I'.  >  >  r  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  . 

The  pre-cni  i  !i':i«  1:  lnnMiti^  u.i 
'r<!    Se|>tcn>!n.T     i  .4.     i  vu.  • 

1  .nc.  in  tin-  IMVSCIX  e     in*  !  u'.rh 

r.ishup     ot'    the     dio,   e>e.          I   |.- 

iii.in.i^cnicn;    o!    Rev  .    !     1      |'.:h 

i-  a  -tundnu    monument  <•'    '  h--     <-. 

;he   people. 

\\  i  i  (  •  1  1  tin-  <  >  >  n  .;  r  i  •  _  i  !  .  •  >  i  .  w  .  i  ••  •  >  i  _ 


enlarged  i>\  'n-  -.-n  ,  r^.ir.      A  \\<-\\ 
I'.ihn    ::i     i  .>5  >.  \\  h:<  h    r.  ml  .linrd.    •  \\  . 
•  i  mi  jilv!  ':<  MI  oi    tlir  M',-U   i  hurt  h.  tin- 

MT\ll    "     «     1-    dl.    .d.'d     to,      s,    hoo|     |,  .,.•[., 

tour  i.ir^e    !'•  ioin>   .vn  i-  ,i_.r,n    ['inn-! 
1    in^rc^al;  on,       hi    1^7^     tin  M  hn     • 
ML;  u  ,.  •>  cm  ted    i',  the  i  e.n  o;  t!:- 


mentioned    ':. 
!n   i  ^'.5  :!: 

!i  M'llied    .1    Iie\\ 
.....  k    ,   h.U-e    • 
h:    ordei    ' 
.Mid    St.     I    , 
the    I    lisifll 

in    I.-'.-     !'- 
i    in  it-   o!:    '  !;•• 
\-vhnn."       I' 


J<)4  HISTORY    OK    SFNK.CA    COUNTY. 

thirty-four  sUters  and  novices,  eighteen  a^red  persons,  anil  seventy-five 
orphans.  Rev.  J.  1,.  Bihn.  founder  and  superior  of  this  community, 
resides  there,  and  manages  all  the  affairs  of  the  Home  with  prudence 
and  success. 

(  nri;<  ii   I>II:KCTOI:Y  OF  TIFFIN   KOI;  Jssu. 

Mi:  iiioDi>r  F.IMM  OPAL.  Madison  street,  west  of  Washington.  Services 
morning  and  evening.  He\  •  •'•  W.  Mendenliall.  minister. 

FII;>T  MKTiiom^r.  Market  street,  east  of  Washington  street.  Services 
liiorniliLj  and  e\  cninjf.  I{e\.  ('liandler.  minister. 

I'HKSHYTKIMAN*.  Corner  of  Market  and  Monroe  streets.  Services  morning 
and  evening.  D-  I*.  l>i:_;'u'cr.  pastor. 

IJArn^T.  lVrr\  slreel.  ea>t  of  Washington.  Services  morninu;  and  even- 
ing. Ke\ .  Unpe.  minister. 

CATHOLIC  derman  Head  of  \Vasliin.u:toii  street.  Mass  at  s  and  in  A .  M . 
Vespers.  :;  I'.  M.  ltc\.  Father  Kvranl.  jiastor:  Itev.  Father  Ileiland. 
assistant. 

CATHOLIC  Knii'lisln  Corner  of  Miami  and  Franklin  streets.  Mass  at  s  and 
in  A.  M.  N'espers.  :;  I'.  M.  Kev.  Fatlier  Ilealey.  pastor. 

Li'THKi: AN  I-!nu'li>h  Corner  of  .left'ei'son  and  Madison  streets.  Services 
morniim' and  eveniim'.  Itev.  Cronse.  minister. 

Lt  TIIKI;\N  derman  .  .Jefferson  street .  opposite  Main.  Services  ninrniiii: 
and  evening.  l!e\  .  Ximnierman.  minister. 

UKFOKMKD  derman.  .Jefferson  street,  south  of  Madison.  Ser\  ices  morn- 
ing 'and  e\  en  inn'.  I!e\.  Kn^t .  minister. 

F:!;-r  l!i:i  01;  \II;D.  ( 'nrner  Monroe  and  Madison  streets.  Services  inoniiil.ti' 
and  e\eiiin'_i'.  IJe\.  !\i'l';:ii\  er.  minister. 

\'.\  A  N( ;I-;LII  A  i.    l-',]i'j;li-li  .     N'ii'1  li  Wa^himrton  >treet .    Services  morniiii:' and 

e\i||J!m.       l|e\..J.    A.    ilen^cl.    liiini^ler. 
KvAN'i.Kl.H    \i.    (iei'inan  .      >andii-k\   street,  iinrlh  of  I'ei'i'N   street.     Services 

nioniiii'_r  a  i  pi  eveninii.      IJe\  .  Si  Impp.  niini-^ler. 
I •'. ri-i  ( •[•  \ !..     Corner  Market   and  .Jeift  rsoti  streets.     Services  innrninir  and 

e\  i  n  he.:'.      I'l-v.  \\"il!iam^.  mini--ter. 
In  t  lie  above  i  he  ser\  ices  are  all  nnder>loi>d  fur  Snndax . 


CHA1 


;OHN       GOOOIN      MRS.      ANN      S  h  M-".  .'      !<:•./ IN      '.V        NMAWMAN      ^H 

S.NYOKR      GKOKGK    KUMMKI,'.,      I)\VI    >    . .      <  >  A  .  •.  N       WVANiKM     ^HII-K.s    ANU 
K  A  M  !  1. 1  K  S      M  A  K  K    L  H  A  P  I  K  K   VI..   11   V  1-.  K  >  !•.   :  N    M  O  H  A  U'  K       \NHK1-  \S'  1 .  f  U  K  S 
HEl-.L      ll.'OuK  I'l  1  1  t-.NGKK     JOHN    ANUI.Ol     M-.     ilKGI.      ^HK:M:AN     ML'KI. 
LEK       1HKGKKAI   [•  !  K  K  O  1    A  PK  I  L.    1-7- 


A\!<  >\<  ,  tlu-    in.ui\    ili>;in. 
John    (i iin.    !u-l.)vn! 


:<><>  HISTORY    01      sKM-X'A    COl'NTY. 

(  >n  tlu1  i;?th  dt'  January.  iSy,.  lu1  married  again,  llv  this  union  lie  had 
three  children.  In  1X50.  and  shortly  betore  the  adoption  of  the  new 
;  .institution  of  Ohio,  he  was  appointed  one  of  the  associate  judges  of 
tlie  county  of  Ilardin.  He  then  retired  from  public  life  and  lived 
luietlv  and  happilv  on  his  tarm.  (lose  by  kentoii.  Three  years  before 
:iis  death  he  had  an  attack  oi  paralysis.  He  died  on  the  joth  of 
I  ebruarx  .  iX-ii.  seventy-live  years  ot  age.  Mr.  (  ioodin  uas  a  tall, 
sleiider'inan.  of  a  well  proportioned  physique:  ver\  active  and  sociable. 
He  had  a  kind  word  tor  every  one.  and  was  personally  very  popular. 
He  was  a  very  active  and  shrewd  politician:  a  man  of  strit  t  morality 
and  honesty,  faithful  to  his  word  and  duty.  He  was  highly  esteemed 
wherever  he  was  known. 


William  Wood  came  trom  Holland  to  Philadelphia  with  a  stot  k  of 
coods.  and  took  into  his  employ  a  young  man  from  Maryland,  bv  the 
name  of  (icorge  Kbert.  who  some  time  alter  married  Mr.  Wood's 
daughter.  The  voting  people  moved  to  I  niontown.  Pennsylvania, 
where  Mr.  Kbert  became  a  prominent  citi/en  and  was  greatly  res])ected. 
He  was  there  engaged  in  mercantile  lite  tor  torty  years.  Thev  had  a 
numerous  lamily.  and  their  youngest  daughter.  Ann,  was  ,i  beautiful 
girl,  and  received  a  very  liberal  education  at  the  Brownsville  female 
seminary. 

Albert  (iallatin.  the  illustrious  secretary  of  the  treasury  of  the  I'nited 
States,  under  lefterson.  and  some  other  distinguished  gentlemen  from 
Washington,  paid  a  visit  to  I  niontown.  Mr.  Joshua  Sene\  was  then 
the  private  set  retar\  to  M  r.  (  iallatm.  The  people  of  I  niontown  pre 
pared  and  had  a  very  brilliant  bail  in  honor  of  their  distinguished 
quests.  At  this  ball  Mr.  Seney  and  Mi-s  |-.bert  met  tor  the  firs;  time. 
This  sh.irt  acquaintance  ripened  into  a  love  affair  between  these  \oun_; 
people,  whii  h  culminated  in  their  marriage.  Thev  lived  :n  1  niontown 
ten  years  after  ihat  time,  and  then  moved  in  I  ittm.  in  «  ompanx  with 
|;id^e  |-'.bert.  in  t'ne  summer  -it  iS}i.  I  he\  had  three  <  hiidren  when 
they  came  to  Tittm.  .ind  tliere  were  live  more  born  to  them  here,  mak 
in^eiudit  in  all.  li\e  daughters  and  three  sou-,,  uho  ire  all  still  Ii\in^. 
but  two. 

Mr-.  Seney  !>ecame  a  member  oi  the  M.  I1.,  ('hurch  \\in-n  eighteen 
\  <  ar-  .  n'  a..c.  and  'ip  to  her  death  coniinued  to  he  a  faithful,  devoted 
,it,d  h;u'h'\  ''St.  emed  member  thereot.  ^li''  u,i-  one  ot  the  mothers  in 
l-r:u-l.  ,i:id  •-  rememberetl  tor  her  <  hristian  \  irtues  and  h'-r  gentle 

:;  iture  .1  ~          :  ine  person  ma\'  lue    tha'  ever  knew  her. 


Iiuriiiu  tin-  MI  k!\   seasons,  .mi!  \\he 

o\\  n    I, mills.    -he   WotiM   _;o   lioin    house 

i  aritiL;  !<>r  them,  'eti  h  them  -onie  p. ii.i 
,i;stresse<l    u:ih    her    aiua\s    piea-aii: 

She    v.i-  !  M  >m  <  >n  '  In-   i  ;i  li  •  >\  -• 
M.iv.    i*;<r       ^he  w.i^  helu\ei|    i.\    a'.i  \ 

Illolirneil    her    iii-»    \\hrli    shi-    c::, 


.)  I    KI     \Nliil  III 

\  in  o  n  ^    l  h  e    mans    '  1 1  >  > '  i  -•  a  m  i  -    •  > t    men  \\  '". 
-nits  there  is  hut  a  '.  er\    -mall  per  i  en:.  :hal   mak     .1  -m  • 
vast  majority  "I  them  die  poo:.        \,  (  ord;n_;  :»  'In- 
tor  main   \  ear-.  onl\    a  lout   M\e  per  i  ent.  !ia\  e  made  i 
rit  h.  and  ot  this  small  numher    those    :ha«   are  -t,i!  .11  i 
i  on  side  red  in  h.  take  their  <  ham  es  ,p.  th--  up-  ami  do\\  •  - 
i-  a  i  ertain    ta-'  inatimi    .n    meri  atniie    lite    :ha:    :mlm  <  - 
their  all,  ami  \OUUL:  men     \s  it  hou!     mean  -    are    in  \  <  >• ;-  •  .  > 
in  store-,  wiiere  ?he\     otten    remain,    \\orknu    '"'    'i'e:r  •• 
<he\    L;r<  >w  _;i  a\    wit  ii  a^e. 

The  -ul>-tan!  lai  mei  hair.i  -    and.    aho\  <    all.  :he  r  i-  in  •• 
h  appv.      (  M  all  human  pursuits    there  ,-,  no  -itu  ir;o 
<  ulated  to    till    'he     measure    ot    our    'o\      ,n.i     .  .m;  .-:;;m 
t  inner.        The    \merp  an  t  inner  out   ot  de:e   IH  , 
the  ladder    ot'    human    h  ippine--.        I'iio-e    :.trm.u  >    w  • 
work  ami    ei  onom\  .     n  <  umu'a'ed     i    ..''!'•    '  M"uii' 
t '  i  e  m  o  1 1  e  \    ami  |>u:     t     i  r  o    i   - 1 1 1 1  e .  n  i  i  d  e  , 
•  i  ha\e  heen    let't    on    •!:  •    tarnis.    ir,d  .11:1-1    'i\:-!_  :':.< 
\ear  or  'wo.  tailed,    lie  jeueraHv    :!ie  miisi   i,  -;  ,),'.     .•;'. 
m  e  r  i  :a  i  w  o  r  i  d         I  ''       •  •  \\  : ! '    i  p  p !  e  i  •  i  •  e   v\ !  \  a ' 

n  a  1 1  \  e  o ;   K .  •  n '    i  •  >•  \  \ ; '  \  .    \  I  a :  \     i  •  •  i .   '  •  •  r  ' . 

re\  i  )!u'  '.'  'li.i  l  \     u  ai  .     '.',i     \\  !:  i  i  ii     ''i        -\    :       i :       i.  '  •  :  •    ,     i ... 

listed    whe;,    !,•;•     -eN.ui'e,    i     \,  a:  -  il 

\\  a\  m  .  (  Ire.-n.   I  at  IM"-,-     in.1.    \\   i  i  I 

>tom-\    l'-i  i"   '<\    U   i\  i  ••.    i-   •'  :    \l 

ti.e  l>el.,u  ii  :  ! 

l 


298  HISTORY    OF    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

Re/in  W.  was  born  October  lyth,  iSii,  in  ISerkely  county,  Virginia. 
He  worked  on  a  farm  until  he  was  about  fifteen  years  old.  His  chances 
for  education  were  very  limited,  comprising  only  a  common  district 
school  education  of  eight  months.  In  the  year  1X26,  he  entered  the 
store  of  William  McComb,  in  Wooster.  Ohio,  as  clerk.  When  eighteen 
years  of  age  he  was  employed  as  clerk  in  the  store  of  /.opher  T.  Moore, 
with  whom  he  remained  about  three  years.  In  1X3^  he  visited  Seneca 
county,  where  his  father  had  settled,  and  in  the  fall  of  the  same  year 
accompanied  his  employer.  Mr.  Moore,  to  New  York,  where  Mr.  Shaw- 
han  purchased  a  stock  ot  goods,  getting  credit  on  Mr.  Moore's  recom- 
mendation. With  this  stock  he  opened  a  store  in  Tiffin,  which  was 
then  a  very  new  town,  with  a  population  ot  about  live  hundred.  His 
capital,  to  begin  with,  was  small,  but  in  spite  of  his  limited  school 
privileges,  i;  seemed  he  had  a  wonderful  tacilitv  in  working  addition 
and  multiplication,  which,  together  with  his  industr\,  close  application 
to  business,  his  unflinching  fidelity  to  every  promise,  his  sagacity, 
frugality  and  good  management,  tended  to  make  his  business  increase 
very  rapidly,  and  in  the  race  tor  success  he  distanced  e\  erv  rival.  He 
continued  in  the  mercantile  business  for  eighteen  years,  buying  and 
selling  goods,  grain  and  provisions  ot  all  kinds.  I  p  to  1X40  the  only 
way  to  obtain  goods  or  ship  produce  \\as  bv  wagon  to  and  from  San 
dusky  City.  In  1X40.  Titlin  became  the  terminus  of  the  Mad  River 
and  I  ake  Krie  railroad,  and  so  remained  for  several  years.  This  im- 
provei  i  t  Tade  in  I'iltin  very  much. 

In    :  - ;  i .  feeling  the  need    o  t    relaxation,  he  c  1  o  s  i 
T:  tin  i  .iiiil  i  ranker  red  the  stoi  k  to  a  bra  IK  h  hoiiM1  h 
de\'o;e<',  'lie  three  vears  'hen  next     to  1  lowing 
in  ->!  o!  \     'id    the    natural    M  lences.       Hi-,    love  tor 

n    in  e\(  .  lien!   library,  and  he    pursued  his  studies  with  ihe    same 
lose  application    and    perseverance    th.it    characteri/ed    him    as   a 
He  now  added  the  benefit    of  i  rax  el  to  his  s<  ientitic  attain 
Me  Visited  the  western  states,  where    he  purchased  large  traits 
in    I)ei  ember,    in    company    with    his    wife,  he  visited    Cuba. 
•  |  >as^ed  t  he  winter  following,  returning  b\    \\  a\   (if  New  C)r  leans. 
.   '   ie  salesiit  the  public    lands  in  (  )m  dia.  Nebraska. 
\euworih.    Kansas,    when.1  lie  pun  hased    some  thirtv    thousand 
•-a  me  \ear.    in    company  wi>  h  A.  (  '. .  Sneath.  he  started    a 
I    "     .\\hii  ';  .  aftei    iln    war.  was    merged  into    the  National    K\ 
'  i     : , '  .     ind    in    whn  h    lie    has  ever    since  been    a    larure 

I'l     i    <>'>    he    built    the    Kmpire    block    in    Tittm.    and.    in 
•'•   '       others,    was    a_raiu    laruclv    en^aued     in     the    mercantile 


'    HI-:!  -  I  "I'M!   !••     -\\  i.Kk. 

l.usnu-^        In    1X71    Mr.    >h.iwh.in    t...,k    a    trip    t..    I  on.ion.  .in.l    \..\- 
two  month-  in   l.nu'.aii'l.       II'      •  -t:!!  MI  '.!:i'    tY!  \m<tr  n'.  hi-  health 
manage-    hi-    itnnieti-e    e-Mte    \\;th    'iir    -aim-    M<  t    ain!    .itv-n!i'  >\\    .1- 
tnne-  o!  ynrr  In-  i  ontrolleil  a  --m.il!  -;..i  k  »l  ^oo.l-    -.n   M.iik-  '.  -tteet 
In    iX}o.  on  the  fir-'  <!a\    o!    Xj.ril.  he  wa-  :nan.'--:  '  .  i     vn.i    1  alie! 

c\<  el  lent  health.  .UK  1.  \\  ere    ;  t    n.  •'    :.  M    !, .-    -,\  ;.  ;:<•  \.  t. ;  .m. ;  1  n-.i  • .  1.    u  • 

j ' ; '  •  i  n  i;  -  e  tan    to  o  1 1 1 1 1  \  e  :  u  a !  i  \    a  \  <  >  •  1 1 1  _•  i  n  a : :  t .  >:  ':  \  i '.'  !  i  \\  h : .  • 

_;.--. it    numliei    oi    !»uii'iinj-     Mr.     >!,  i\\hm    ha-  .     I  .!!.:.    ! 

i;:,'  in1  llit  e<  li\    ai  \<  \>  •>  i    i  it  ^el\'    to    lu«.  \veal*  ii.  1 1.«'\    '':  i  .        i!  - 

•  •  'unt \  .  an.  1  \\  .t h  h : -  •>  a:". <  -M-  other  »]«•:  r  • . :.  -   . i,  • ':.       ,    r.:.-  \  .  ;. .;  ; . 
!;tt\    \ear-.  lie  h.i-  ;n  a   iar_,e  iiK-.i-.iin         :,'!.':>  K.I") 

the    re-otin   e-    ,  .J    tile    i   o;im\  .        <   »i    'h'-    In   i:  teen    i   I, 

:  i .  1 1 1 .  he  anil  i  i ;  -  !  >  r  o !  i  n  •  r    I  o  v  a  h .  at  ( '  a  r  \  .   1 1 ; .  i  N 1 :  -     \  :;•:'•:-  < : . .   i '  1  o 
are  the  onl\  -';r\  s\  •  >r-. 


}00  HISTORY     OK     SKNKCA     COl'NIY. 

(ierman  had  was  his  honesty  and  his  business  qualifications.      The  (ier- 

man  store  soon  became  popular  under  the  management  ofChristopher, 
who  soon  made  hosts  of  friends  by  his  straightforward,  honest  dealing, 
and  his  polished,  polite  behavior  towards  everybody.  Meantime.  Mr. 
Ceorge  Rummell  •hereafter  mentioned  i  married  Jane,  the  beautiful 
daughter  ot"  Mr.  Sneath.  and  soon  after  Mr.  Sneath  sold  his  interest  in 
the  store  to  this  new  son- in  law.  and  to  his  old  clerk.  Christopher.  The 
new  firm  started  April  ist.  1X^7,  and  conducted  the  business  at  the 
same  place,  under  the  name  ot  the  ••(ierman  store."  tor  seventeen 
sears,  when,  on  account  of  ill-health.  Mr.  Rummell  withdrew  from  the 
firm.  From  this  time  forward  Mr.  Snvder  conducted  the  business 
.done,  as  he  did  up  to  the  time  ot  his  death.  In  April,  1X4;.  Mr.  Sny 
der  was  married  to  I'hilipena.  daughter  ot  Philip  |.  Augspurger.  of  the 
village  of  Albig  in  Hesse-Darmstadt,  Cermany.  who  arrived  with  her 
sister.  Miss  F.va.  in  Tiftin.  in  the  year  1X44.  Miss  I'.va  is  a  twin  sister 
of  Mrs.  Snvder.  and  was  clerk  in  Mr.  Snyder's  store  during  the  last  few 
years  of  his  life,  where  she  acquired  a  general  knowledge  of  mercantile 
business.  Naturally  talented,  gifted  with  a  lively,  pleasant  nature  and 
<_rood  health,  she  has  herself  been  in  the  mercantile  business  for  more 
than  twenty  years,  and  built  ^jp  a  nice  trade  in  the  line  o!  woolen  yarns, 
/ephyrs.  general  needle-work  and  fancy  articles.  At  present  she  is  in 
company  with  her  widowed  sister.  Mrs.  Snvder.  in  their  store  on 

Market  street. 

(  >n  the  ?2(\  of  March.  1X57.  Mr.  Snvder  died,  after  a  short  illness, 
leaving  his  widow  and  three  small  children  in  good  circumstances. 

Mrs.  Snvder  raised  hei   children  well,  and  ^av  e  them  a  good  education. 

There  were  two  daughters  and  one  son:     <  ).    P.  Snvder.  well  and  favor 
ablv     known     among    the    business    men     ot    Tittin:    Augusta,    who    was 
married  to   Mr.  Alt.   I).   Men.    and    who  died  in   Davenport,    Iowa,  about 
one  year  ago.  and  I'hilipena.  the  wife  of  Mr.   Ru-sel  Knapp.  of  the   Tiftin 

1 1' ilni n<' . 
Christopher    Snyder's    short    lite    was    a    most     excellent    specimen    of 

•  manhood  turned  to    utility":    ever    ready    for  business,    open  hearted, 
and  strictlv  honest,  trimdlv.  yet  di^mlied.  he  svas  one  of  the  most  pop 
•ilar  men  haul  -  of  Tittin. 

'The  i'amilv  o<  <  npies  a  respectable  position  amongst  the  best  families 
i.;  the  '  ity. 

(  'hristopher  and,  the  writer  bee  ame  Iriends  when  first  we  met  in  Tiftin, 
\\\  A",_i-'.  iS^.  <  Mir  friendship  grew  stronger  as  years  rolled  on. 
Manv  a  Sim  !  iy  afternoon  we  spent  in  pleasant  t  onversation  under  the 

•  ild  s\  i  amore    tree    on    the    bank    ot    the    Samluskv  river,  talking  about 


our  native  hills  and  ..n,    future    |,r..s|,,-,  t,  M;  -.h,,   !    \  anker  I  a;  d 
the  year  1X50    it  Lei  ame  the  d'it\  ..I  the  write!   :••  prepare  a  'nil 
'in  orporanoii    oi    the    ;..un    ,ii     I'utin  w.th    l-.r    I',  ill.    ,nt".i   ,  .u   .,fth-- 
se<  i  -ml  «  lass,  and  MI  draw  inu  the  hound  ;r\   •  •:  the  \  -1:111.;  <  .t\ .  I  -li-l  n-i' 
ne^iei  t  the    nid    s\,  am. Me    tree,  wh;i  !i    now   i-miis    i  p. on!  :n  the  .11  t    <»[ 
the  legislature  im  orporatiiu    the    <  it\.      >p.\dei     and  the    'iid  tree    hase 
passed  away,  and  the  writer   is    let'  in  the    e\enin-  >>\  hi>  ::!••  to    te-'ud 
their  memory,      i  See  ait  im  -M  \»  irat:n_:  the  i  :t\   o!    I'  (tin 

I.)  i  iKl.l       k!'M\!  I    I    ' 

1  he  subjei  t  nl  this  sket<  h  was  horn   .11  (  '•  iinmSiana  i  •  n;nt\ .  '  >hi-i.  <»M 
the   iJth  da\  of  Man  h.     \.    I»  .    1X04.      Hi-  parent-  were  ir-'in   l'enns\i 
%  -Hi  i.i.        I  he    aiii  e stofs    i  ame    trom    (  ierm.uu        t  ieo;  _;c    w  t-    h<  -rn     in-i 
raised  ,,n  a  tarm.  ami  rei  eived    oi;l\    a    i  oinmon   -.1  hoo!  ed".i  atioii.    an  t 

bed  'i'e  he  arrived  at  maul 1  he  learned,  the  trade  "t  a  !>ni  kia\  er        1  i  •• 

eame  to  'I'ltlin  in  the  till  ot  i  s  }.j.  and  w  orked  at  his  trade  ;••]  a!  mi  it  tw  -  • 
years,  and  Imarded  at  Sneath's  hotel.  Here  he  made  'he  .t.  /i  i::'.tam  .• 
<>t  I  me.  the  .leantifui  daughter  .if  Mi  Mii.-atli.  md  marr;eil  !:er  op.  the 
Xth  of  \,, \emher.  [X;;.  Mi-  R-iminel!  died  M  .it-  h  .- ; '. ':  .  \  >  ;.,  •  M. 
the  !•:•-•  day  ...  \, ,,-;:.  ,S-.  \|-  R-niim-.-l!  and  Mi  -srv.1.- 
'  ''partner-hip  in  :he  men  I'lt:;,-  '-1-.:;,  -,  .„  1  :mn.  i:ij}  o|.t  .-d.  a;;-;  •  .: 

se\  i   li '  t.  e  :      \  eat's,    i   ojii  illi   'ed    '.  he    'A  e  i  I    k  |]ow  1,     ,'i  ife    •  <'.      \\    I  -i     :   _'•:•!  I    -1.  f.-t 

ki'o'A  n  .1-  -lie  "  (  i , -I'm  an  >:  o;  < 

'  M:    ':  e     I--      ,f    I  I,-,  emi.er.     i  -  ;         \|-       l<:;m:i.  .•••;     M     •     \l  i:  . 

\; ••     I  -".kin  'ian.i.  :h'. •;  .".'  la,  ,,!.  (     •i-i}'  •  ••  ' 


^02  HIS10RV    01      SKNKCA    iJOl'NTV. 

to  deliver  over  to  the  sheriff  not  only  the  goods,  but  also  the  accounts, 
notes  and  cash  on  hand.  Kach  partner  was  to  take  only  stuff  for  one 
pair  of  pantaloons,  and  let  the  sheriff  see  it  when  he  came  tor  the  key. 

About  nine  o'clock,  just  one  hour  before  the  time  fixed  for  the  sheritt 
to  come,  ludge  I.ugenbeel  came  into  the  store,  white  all  over  with  flour 
and  mill  dust.  He  had  just  come  from  his  mill  and  had  in  his  hand  a 
shot-bag  full  of  gold  and  silver.  The  judge  was  a  great  friend  of  the 
young  merchants,  and  walking  up  to  them,  said.  "'  Hoys.  I  have  some 
Si. 700  in  specie  here,  and  have  no  use  lor  it.  It  you  will  take  it  you 
can  use  it  as  long  as  you  please."  They  then  told  the  judge  the  strait 
they  were  in.  fudge  I.ugenbeel  hunted  up  I.evi  Keller,  the  sheriff,  paid 
him  the  amount  of  the  execution,  and  all  went  merry  as  a  marriage  bell. 
Their  paper  never  went  to  protest.  No  one  ever  obtained  a  judgment 
against  them.  Their  credit  was  as  good  in  New  York  as  anybody's. 
They  made  no  large  fortunes,  but  when  they  separated  were  worth 
about  Si  0,000  each  and  out  of  debt.  Mr.  Rummell  retired  to  his  farm, 
and  Mr.  Snyder  continued  in  business;  both  sell-made  men  who  left 
behind  them. a  clear  record:  and  having  been  amongst  the  early  mcr 
chants  in  Tiffin,  and  amongst  the  tew  that  made  no  failure  of"  the 
business,  their  record  is  certainly  not  out  of  place  here. 

About  the  year  1^71  Mr.  RummeH's  old  troubles  returned,  and  his 
health  tailed  very  rapidlv.  He  died  at  one  o'clock  on  the  night  fol- 
lowing Thursday,  I)ecember  i_Mh.  1^72.  esteemed  and  beloved  by  all 
wlio  knew  him.  The  Rev.  Mr.  (  'oilier,  in  preaching  his  funeral  senni  >n. 
commended  his  many  manly  traits  of  character.  I-'or  thirty  eight  long 
years  the  writer  enjoyed  the  friendship  of'  Mr.  Rummell.  which  was 
never  disturbed,  fora  single  moment,  through  all  the  chequered  scenes 
of  i  MISV  turmoil. 

'There  are  many  merchant-  in  Titlin  now  doing  ilourishing  busbies-, 
controlling  a  great  deal  o;  property,  and  the  writer  hopes  thev  ma\ 
ea<  h  and  all  form  exc  eptions  to  tin-  general  rule  .MOW  ric  h  and  die 
happy. 


\\  a-  not  oiiK   an  early  settler  and  pioneer,  but  also  a  man  of  consider  a 
,)';'•  notorie'v  and  moral  and  public    worth.       He    was    the  oldest    son    <>! 
i/.  in     Owen,     who    came     to     Philadelphia     Irian     U'ales.      They     were 
'Quaker-  and  ver\    wealthy.      The  old  gentleman  owned  a  great    deal    of 

and  near  the  town,  which    i-    now  <  overed   by  the  city  of  Philadelphia. 

1'he  write]  •;    his    possession  the  commission   issued  bv  ( iovern  .;• 

'I  hom  is  M.ulin  to   Kvan  <  >wen,  appointing  h:m   justic  e  of'  the  pea<  e    tor 


<Cx     "^ 


I-'  i  sin  ni;  (  'reek  tou  n>h!p.    N.  in  h  'iml.fr!  an.  I  < 

Septemher  ist,  A.  !>..    I;«M.   t"   hold   'h- 

_;<>(.•>  i  in  t»  say  *  "  s<  i  Ion.;  a->  \  on  >h.il!        !:a\  ••  \  out  sell'  well." 

1  >.l\  id    I  '.\  ail    '  >Wetl.     '.lie    siihiei  t     o!     this    ^ket.  h,   \\  a>  h«>rn     "I!    t 

dav  of  Ma\  ,  \.  I  i..  i  775.  and  was  raised  in  the  !  iji  o!  «•••  i!:h  ai'.d 
lie  was  sen;  to  the  i  olle_;e  111  Philadelphia,  and  ret  e:\ed  a  Vef\ 
eilm  .it!  on.  He  had  i;rowii  to  n  i.in's  estate  he  to  re  h:>  lather  faile 
\oiin_;  (  )wen  wa>  <  oiil|>elle'l  to  -.eek  ^oine  !  i\  ei  ihoi  u  1  !of  I'.Mn^e'. 
le.irned  the  trade  ot  a  hou>e  <  arpetuei.  ani!  ssorked  .it  ;h>  01  i 
^evera!  years. 

i»n    the     joth     day     ot"  (>eto!>er.    |S;;.    !].•    was    maine-i    ;ri    I'. 
(  '"  )!'iin!)ia    comny.    I'eniisyh  ania.    to    |er:j>!'.a    S  :  n  j'tJiv  «"/'  'h.i'.  ]•'..•< 
siiine    i;nie    thereatter    hei  anu'     the     owiu-r    and    e.  !:•.>:    «:    :he    / 
.!»:<>:,'•!':,   a    I  )eino<  ratie    weekl\    ne  \v-spa  per.      '  );i  the  .•    '!.  d.i\ 
\\-tnher.  is.'  \  he  was  app"  lintei!  !»y  1  're  -id  en:   lame    \h  MI:  •  ••  .  ;  •  ^' 
it   l!er\v;ek:  ihi-  coin  Tin  SSHMI  is  signed  !>\    keiuiii    I.   \\-    _   .    I:..  '^ 
!  lien  p1  istmaster  general. 

In    i'si^.    Septenili'jr    7:11,    Simon    S  ;  i  \  •  iu.T.,    _•'  .s\ 

appointed   him    justice   of  the    pen  "    lor    •]..-    -..A-.-'..;       ,,:   |;',  ,  . 
I'.riar  (  'reek,  in  (  '<  ilnmhia  (  o'in'\  .   I'e:  '.•  'n_ 

i  M-h  i',  e  vi  lUi'se!  !   well." 

Mr.    <  »\\en    piil/.ished     the    nrv    p  t;--r.    .1,    (lij.      ! 
Ailentown.    le!i;_h    eoinr\.    1  'en:i-\  !\  •  n    :.   . 


u\nr\  . 
ilherai 
.  u  hen 
l,  H-- 


same  i  onnt  \  ,  w!u-re  he  taiuht    -<  !:>  "  >\  i" 

\  1  1  1  •  1  1  '  1  1  W  M     he     \\  .  {  -    e  1  e  i  !  ed     !  o      the 
(  'o!'iml)i  i  distrii  '.  \\  here  he 


.  all,       •:.••  ••  I  lul.er  iarin.11  on  ;:.-•   ./' 

e    «   ..hill    .Hid    ,    ir.irrd    .1    L,   "A     .1 

Mr.  t  >  A  en    !;\  ed    \\ ,:  i;    ln>    i  nn, '  \      n   : '       ''.••; 

w  i \  .  k  : i •  •  A  •  i  o ; i ' \   i . \    .1  '>•-.<,   , , •  ] . 
1'i.r  \\  :;..  ".-intv    . 

o:   i  •-  ;  i  .    i  lf.\    1  I'-ni'  'era' ^  i:;  : <  iu  n  i 

o:  p1!'  • ; n.  .1  1  'e:iH  "i  rat , i  <  oini:  \  t  <  ~.  '  . :.  ' 
^K'.r.ie  ,  iti.i:,!  He  !or  .imiii.ir.  \l  •-.  In-  'I 
i  in  in  ::  v;n  j  ". :  *  \\  >  n  L.  \  i  reek  w!i  <  \\>  *  :  ;  •••  n 
la-ne  wa  -  1  '.  I,.  <  ' 'A  ••!!.  and  '!;  f  '.: 


;04  His  I  OR Y     ()!••    SKNKCA    C'Ot'NTY. 

ocrat.  They  nominated  him  and  elected  him:  the  first  Democrat 
elected  to  any  office  in  Seneca  countv.  He  was  the  second  auditor  o! 
the  count).  In  i  833  lie  \vas  re-elected,  and  while  he  served  in  th> 
capacitx.  on  the  271)1  day  of  August.  1X33,  Robert  l.ucas  appointed  him 
receiver  ot  the  "Ohio  Canal  Land  office,  at  Tiffin,  Ohio."  Moses  H. 
Kirby.  the  present  senator  trom  the  district  composed  ol  the  counties  of 
Seneca,  Crawford  and  Wyandot,  was  the  secretary  of  state  and  :  igned 
Mr.  ('wen's  commission. 

In  1836  Mr.  Owen  was  elected  to  the  senate  of  Ohio  from  the  sena- 
torial district  composed  of  the  counties  of  Huron.  Sandusky  and 
Seneca.  Joseph  Howard  was  the  Whig  candidate,  and  one  of  the  most 
popular  men  in  that  party. 

On  the  271)1  day  of  June,  iX^X.  President  Van  Huren  appointed  Mr. 
Owen  "Receiver  of  the  public  money  for  the  district  of  lands  subject 
to  sale  by  the  treaty  witli  the  Wyandot  Indians  dated  April  26,  1836,  to 
serve  lor  tour  years,  from  June  2;.  1838."  I.evi  \\oodbury  was  then 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury.  Land  sales  in  Crawford  county  were 
ordered  to  take  place,  under  the  proclamation  of  the  President,  on 
Monda\.  the  Oth  day  of  August.  1838.  On  the  28th  dav  of  November. 
i.\vs-  the  President  ordered  another  land  sale,  to  take  place  at  Marion, 
<>n  the  281)1  day  of  January  following.  This  last  sale  was  tor  only  two 
sections,  both  south  ot  the  base  line — section  ^;.  cranberry  swamp  on 
Piroken  Sword  creek.  T.  i .  S.  R.  i.  and  N.  L.  '4  of  section  2.  T.  2,  S. 
R.  2. 

In  coiilormity  with  the  treatv.  a  »  ertain  per  cent,  of  the  proceeds  o! 
these  sales  was  to  be  paid  to  the  Wyandots.  and  the  receipts  tor  these 
•dividends,  in  m\  po^esMoii.  have  the  names  ot  the  following  chiefs 
attached  : 

Ron-ton-dee  or  \Varpole:    Dou-wan-tout:  Tay  oil-dot  -to  hach  .  Punch  : 
lion  don  von  wan  or  Mathias;    I  >ay -on-quot    or  Halt    King:    Manoncue 
or   Thomas  ;    Tay-arron -toovea.  or    lletween  the1   Logs:    Widow    Harra 
haat.    \\idow   I'.ig   Sinew:    Tay<|iia  way:    Ilay>:    lllack  Sheep:    Cliarloe: 
Summondewal :  'Isooshui:  Droosrousch:  Coon  Hawk:  dray  Eyes:  ISear 
skin;    Touromee:    Si|ueendehtee:    Monture:    (  ))d    Sliawnei-:    l!ig  Spoon: 
<    ross  tlir   Lake:    Ronuneax  :    l!ig   Ri\er:  (Iround  >i]uirrel:  \Oung  ( 'lier 
iikcr:     I  ahau'.olis :     Se]»teniess:    (/ax'amec:     Little    Chief:     I'ighter;    Tali 
Charlt-^:    Solrnnoii;     Tares-,:    Mi-    Anns;    Noosluitoomohs:    Slircaeohlis; 
ck  :    Curree>ai)iioli  :    Por<  iijiine  :    P>ob    ( 'lu/rokee  : 
oo:    Whitr  \\'ing:   Halt    Jolin:    St.   I'eler:    Ree  wan 
H:    Snakehead:    Split  the  logs;    Daenunde-.':    John 
K  ulii  pie-s:   \\'a>p  :    I'ondee  :   \  andeeiloo;  Summ'-n 


1>A\  II'     IVAN     I  >\\T  \. 

mntuumo;    K.KIT;    Mi-   Kittle  (  'hild: 


tumo;    Job!)   Maptisu-; 

(  rmv,  and  many  others. 

<  >ne  [i.iy  mil  ^!n>\vs  paid  !••  th<--e  and  ..'hers 
At  the  first  land  -.dc->  in   Marion  >;;.i    '.,5      \\ 
\\hen  Mr.  <  >uvn  resi-ned  tin-  l'n:!ed  .-states 

set;.  Seeretary  of  U'ar,  under  date  p  •!    Ma\    ii>.  \ 

to    de!;\  cf   over    hi--    liuoks.       .l.iTs    ami    l:l"!ir\  -  '•  . 


lius'.iu'ss.  ami    unt. I  olil  ai:e   <!;- ;'iar.i.r.; 

thiimu-li  [Militii  ian.  and  ]n-rfe<  ti\  a:   hoti 

near!\    ai!    his    iiu-.  and    disrhar-ed    < 

ati.ii'v  and    fidelity  ;    l>'i!   he  had   \  rr\    ii'tle  idea  "t    pr.li  ta  ,ii 

o ;     in  1 1 1 1 1  (  i  • .  and.  1 ;  k '  •    i :  i  >  >  s  t    j .  <  \ ',  t ;  <  ;  a  n  s    •  1 :  a  t  d. ,  i  i . , .  •    k : : >  > \v    i' ;  •  p  •.'.   t  < 

died    [pour.      lie  knew    -imply  m  >:h::_    ah"1!;    -; «.  i  •;'::,  .1,-.  .. 

o;'  nmiiey.       lie  pi'oxided  and  li\ed,  we!'  uhi'e  he  \\.i>\         :.'\...: 

his   iiiiilieX    \\\i>    _(i]'e   he    e<  onoini/ed.    !:iij,H     the    I'.M  i     •  >!    i  .:•  ' 

li      was  a  popular   <>tm  er.  a  generous,    hln-iai    man.    \\  a  -    -':  •  f'\ 

and,  s,  rii] iiiloush   honest   in  ail  his  ir.teri  o".rsc  u;t!i  his    ;e'.'.pp\\   \u\ 

\v.i~  hi^hl)   respet  ted.      Mrs.   (i\\(a.   ilie'l  :n    I  ,::,n   lanuarN    ;.   \  •  : 

si  \'  \    t\\'o    years,  nine    months   ami    -;  x'een    i  i  i\  s,       M  s .  <  >u  en    ' 

ten;  1  per  n,   i  ss  7.  a^ed  eighty -two  \eat-,  lo-ir  month.-  aii'!  "'.:<     !a\ 

-11:    and  three  daughters  are  still  i:\.r._. 

\\  '  en    Mr.  (  'wen    resigned    t'ue    .,•::.-•  .    : 

(  ,         MS. .r    !.•:<  as        .pointed     M:.     I    •    .        .     <  ,:  :    ' 


oo  His  TORY   or   SI.NKCA   OH'XTY. 


Tiffin,  great  quantities  of  land  were  sold,  and  the  money  paid  was  all 
gold  and  silver.  The  state  had  furnished  Mr.  <  hven  an  iron  chest  to 
put  hi-,  money  into;  it  looked  like  a  block  ot  iron  two  teet  square. 
When  it  was  full  he  hired  a  team  to  haul  it  to  Columbus. 

(  hie  time  Ihmiel  Ihldine.  Sr..  with  his  team,  and  Mr.  Owen,  on  their 
way  to  Columbus  with  the  chest,  stopped  at  a  hotel  in  Marion  for  the 
night.  The  hotel  was  crowded  with  all  sorts  of  customers,  and  there 
was  a  groat  deal  of  carousal  going  on.  What  to  do  with  the  iron  chest 
they  did  not  know,  but  were  of  the  opinion  that  it  would  not  do  to  take 
it  into  the  tavern,  for  it  took  four  men  to  put  it  into  the  wagon  Finally 
they  concluded  to  leave  it  in  the  open  yard  in  the  open  wagon,  simply 
covering  it  with  a  little  straw.  The  next  morning  everything  was  found 
all  right.  Xobodv  suspected  that  the  two  old  farmers  had  SSo.ooo  in 
gold  in  that  old  wagon. 

For  those  who  have  a  curiosity  to  read  the  Mohawk  Indian,  and  tur- 
ther.  to  preserve  a  specimen  of  it  from  utter  oblivion,  there  is  attached 
hereto  the  jd  verse  of  the  6th  chapter  of  St.  Mark,  followed  by  a  trans- 
lation ot  the  same  into  Mohawk  : 

"  Ami  when  the  Sabbath  day  was  come,  he  lit-^an  to  teach  in  the syna- 
u'o^ne:  and  many  hearing  him  wen-  astonished,  saying*  From  whence  hath 
This  man  these  things?  and  what  wisdom  is  this  which  is  Driven  unto  him. 
that  even  >ueh  mi^htv  works  are  wrought  bv  his  hands?" 


Was  born  in  l-'rederick  countv.  Maryland,  in  i  So(>.  On  the  iith  ot 
September,  i^;^.  he  was  married  to  Fh/abcth  l>alt/ell.  ot  that  countv, 
A'ho  was  a  sister  of  Thomas  Halt/ell,  tormerly  living  in  Seneca  town- 
shiii,  -"id  ol  I  >r.  Kuhn's  lir-^t  wife.  Soon  alter  Ins  marriage  Mr.  laiLCen- 
bei-1  moved  to  Seneca  county,  where  he  resided  up  to  the  time  ol  his 
death.  When  the  writer  first  got  acquainted  with  Mr.  I.ugenbeel  he 
•vas  a  partner  in  the  mercantile  business  \vith  (acob  Stern,  in  Tittin. 
\bout  i'\^4  he  bought  the  land  of  Joseph  Jauay.  where,  in  i-S^O.  he 
'»  nit  a  grist  mill  on  the  river  bank,  a  short  distant  e  south  ol  town,  that 
is  ever  situ  e,  and  until  verv  recently,  been  known  bv  the  familiar 
'  nne  ot  ••  I.ugenbeel's  mill."  Mr.  I.ugenbcel  took  <  harge  ot  the  mill 
iimisell.  and  soon  made  it  the  most  popular  mill  on  the  river. 


\Ker  !i:>    IJ'JH  lintnieii!    . 

•  uNuiiiMi  plea-.,  lie  \\a>  :  fii.i  i;!\  .  i  •  "  I  ;.;_ 
tilk-  he  retained  t<  •  the  : .  m  •  i  I 

n  | >':!  >l\>'  .u'f.i:r-.  am  i    \v  a-   «.-'•,     • 

itec.une  ime  nt  the    in-'-;    j  ••  >\  ••; '.  er,    a-      ••  v.  .1    ,  t  ••  . 
eminent,    men     in     Senei  a    cu'ints.       llr     \va.>     t 
natnraliy  |ili:l«>,ii[ili;(    in  hi-  tlio-u':::^,   ••:  -;•,,.,__.,; 
nl"  |i  iii^he'1  in.mner>  wi'.lM'it    the    ie..t-..'    .  i>:-':ita'.  i  •: 
tr'ie  Ineiiil.  kni'l.  l>ene\  olen: ;    a   man   •  >\    <-\\l  t.:'^--'\ 
ami  ^enerc'i-.       lie  wa>  lieh  >\  ed    }>\     i..-  i;i:;ma'e 
!  i\   all.      He  \v.i>  '  i  tie  'it  ;!ie  i  >!':_  ma:  •  >r>    <  >'.  '!>.••  >••: 
ami    line    nt    ;!-    !ir-t    ilirei  t'T-.       II  ••    liei'i    i  ;r:::i'. 

luiUe  llnwen  ->ay.  at  nne  time,  ttiat  am«  m.;^!  a!!  tie 
h:-\erv  lar^e  circuit,  there  \va>  ii'i'.  i>ne  t!iee;'sai 
tur  -niiml  juii^meiH  and  i  aji.u  ity. 

Aimn:  i  v  )  ;  Mr-,  l.n^er.lii-el  died,  ami  the 
lemimah  Sonder,  heiemlier  M.  iS.};.  T!ie  i'li'Ut 
iS'i-,  in  tin-  ti!t\  ei.^lith  \ear  ni  h.-  a_e,  withnu; 
e-t.Ue.  wh:i!i  W.IN  regarded  a>  i>:ie  -•:  the  !'«/>•»••  a 
i  i  unity.  !"  lii-  wii  IM\\  .  u  hi  i  -•  i!  -•:;••.  ;\  t  -  h;. m.  I-  :'.  \v ' 
\  er\  indiilerent  »r  ei-e  km  M\  -  ':•:::  !.••'.•.•  .1':  >•••;'.  :\\\. 


308  HISTORY    OF    SKNF.CA    COl'NTY. 

ger,  attorney-at-law.  at  Tiffin,  Ohio;  Mrs.  M.  F.  Stem,  at  Sandusky 
City:  Mrs.  H.  S.  Kendig,  at  Tiffin,  Ohio,  and  Charles  W.  Pittenger.  at 
West  Liberty.  <  Miio. 

John  Pittenger  worked  on  his  father's  farm,  where  he  was  born,  until 
he  was  over  thirty  years  of  age,  and  when  losing  his  health  he  moved 
to  Craceham.  a  small  Moravian  village,  in  Frederick  county,  where  he 
entered  into  the  mercantile  business,  and  which  he  continued  until  he 
removed  to  Tiffin  with  his  family,  in  1X29 

lie  came  to  Ohio  first  in  1X23  or  1824.  passed  down  to  Cincinnati. 
Sitting  on  his  horse  on  a  hill  overlooking  the  embryo  city,  he  came  to 
the  conclusion  that  there  was  nothing  there  to  make  a  city,  and  rode 
on  down  to  North  Bend,  where  he  thought  the  prospect  was  better. 
I'l'om  there  he  passed  north  through  Indiana,  crossed  the  Black  Swamp 
into  Seneca  county.  Here  he  was  pleased  with  the  line  timber  and  the 
streams,  and  concluded  to  locate  here.  In  the  fall  of  1X25.  he  sent  a 
stock  of  goods  bv  wagons  from  Baltimore.  Maryland,  and  opened  the 
same  in  the  name  of  ].  and  15.  Pittenger.  Benjamin  I'ittenger  is  a 
younger  brother,  still  living,  and  familiarly  known  by  the  name  of 
ludge  I'ittenger.  Leaving  his  brother  Benjamin  in  charge  ot  the  store, 
he  returned  to  Maryland.  The  store  and  building  have  already  been 
described.  The  business  was  thus  carried  on  until  1834.  In  1X37  Mr. 
John  Pettinger  carried  on  the  business  in  his  own  name,  until  1X44  or 
I^IT.  Li  1X3:  the  tw  )  br  >'.hers  started  the  turnery  on  Perrv  street, 
already  mentioned,  and  conducted  the  same  until  they  sold  it  to  Flem- 
ing and  Schock.  about  the  year  1X^9.  Mr.  I'ittenger  was  an  active  and 
industrious  man.  He  carried  on  a  farm  on  lands  he  entered  in  this 
county.  He  was  constantiv  employed  at  something,  and  when  he  quit 
public  liie  he  started  a  nursery  on  the  south  side  o!  Market  street.  0:1 
the  lot  now  occupied  by  the  "Turners'  Hall"  and  Mr.  John  Nuser's 
residence.  Here  he  busied  himself  with  budding  and  grafting  trees  tor  a 
number  of  years, 

lie  became  a  member  of  the  Methodist  church  at  an  early 
age.  ami  remained  a  ((insistent  member  all  his  life.  His  home  in 
Oraceham  \vas  a  general  stopping  p!.r-e  for  ministers  of  all  denomina- 
tions, rather  Purcell.  now  arch-bishop  of  Cincinnati,  frequently  a< 
<  epted  his  hospitality  when  he  was  at  Fmmitsburgh.  F.ven  alter  he 
••.  d  to  Tittin  lie  olten  entertained  Method's;  ministers  at  his  house. 
i  r  >ssed  the  mountain  •  on  horseback  nine  times,  between  !•  red  eric  k 

..  M 
M,  ; 


I'  "UN     I'!  i  I  J.N'.I   K. 


\\'hilc  Mr.   I'ittetuer    wa>  a  in.  in    f'lll    of  energy  and 
ijtiict  ami    uni>blni>i\  e.      He  was   not  \er\   talka:;\e,    t 
tery  or  blames   about  him.      I  I  r  u  as  s;m  err  anil  i-ariu 
svith    men.       Ilr    was    a    !.u_:c.  nri><  ula:    a;-.'!    bony    ma 
well  i)iiilt        He    had  a  lar-e    head,  ,    car 
and  .is  the  weight  »!  \ear>  made  their  in  UK  •;;. 
bald.  his    hair    and    beard    while,   and    his   •  .owcr 

down,  so  that  inward^    the  evening  >»i    hi--  liie     e  \\.i-    . 
.kred.      He    was  a  de<  ided    \\  hi_.    l.-it 
died  on  tin.1  Jut!)  day  <>t'  ()<  tuber,   1-57.  at  the    r:;-e  a^ 
vc.ir^,  nine  months  aiul  Inur  da\  >. 


\\'a>  a  younger  brother  nf  |ohn  1 'it tender.  He  ua>  imi 
i ounty.  M  ar\  land,  i  >n  the  jijth  i'.a\  n!  |an::ary,  i  -<>  -.  -1:1 
lie  \\a^  rai^edi.  (  >n  the  <;th  da\'  <ii  Sej.tember.  i  --j;.  he 

1'hereNa  ( 'reefer  i  alreaily  nienti' iiu-d  ,  and    huated  in    I  . 
ber    ot    the    -.ante    year.       lli--    w;te    'bed    here    1  >e<  ember 
a_;e  i)i    torty-tW'i   years.  lea\iii_;    li\  e  <  h.'.di  'en        Mr.   I'it'.et 
ned    ajain    on    the     i  }th    da\    o!    I  )(-i  rmber.   iS.j.j.    -.i     \1 
Hunier.  whu  al>o  died    Auu'"->l    15.   1-^77. 

Mr.   I'lt'en^er  wa~.  one  ut    the  lir-!  a-^iM  iate  r^Le--  o| 
holihn^    I'M  at    IMI^UIOII    l\\»    term--    >  loiirteen    \ear>   .     ind 
:aniiliarl\    kno\\n  b\    the  name  ot    |nd^e    P;tten_er.       lie-  : 
Mud  ol    work,  and    therefore    unlike    hi-,    lirothe:     |o!:n    \s 
lm>\        'I'he    jnd^e    wa->    one    oi    tin-    t-.iri\    i:.;d<  r-    • -I    :':.<• 
•he  i  oiint\.  and    continued    thu->    un;.!  tha:    ;i.ir:\   ;••• 
'indi.'!'  (  ieiieral  Scott,  in    i  S^  j  ;    and  \\  hen.  in    !-•-;'•.•'.      K •  •• 
wa-    or^an:/ed     and     |ohn    (  '.     I  reinoii?    nomin.i'    • 

Utai  hed  h;m>el!    to  :!:at    part),    ind  ha-  •.•••••d    u.'.': 


I'ledcM,   k 


\  i\|,,i    i:i.|   Mr-     \I     I'.u-kirk. 

I ".< !_e  1 '  ; tender,  in  tlie  in  11  \  . 
ria_e.  wa--  i  i  >o-  it  ^;\  lee!  two  mi 
eye  brows,  a  hiti^  lace  and  rath 
I  .n  k-on  ver\  in'ji  h.  1'.".!  th''  e: 


310  HlvioKY    or    SINKCA    COUNTY. 

over   his   head,  have   left  it  very   white,  and   broken   down   his   physical 
powers  very  material!}'. 

The  judge  \va-  not  a  man  of  great  tone  of  character,  hut  honorable. 
dignified,  kind  and  sociable. 

|o||N     AND     I.  oi   ISA     I  IKi;K. 

There  were  also  many  mechanics  in  Tittin  who  tailed  to  make  a 
success.  This  is  a  world  of  cause  and  eliect,  and.  to  a  great  extent. 
just  as  we  make  it.  John  Fiege  came  to  Tiffin  from  (lermany  in  1834.  a 
cabinet  maker  by  trade.  He  was  a  good  mechanic,  a  kind,  clever 
man.  and  strictly  honest  in  his  dealings.  He  built  up  a  large  trade. 
and  accumulated  property  rapidly.  In  1836  he  was  married  to  Mary 
Louisa,  oldest  daughter  of  Philip  von  Blon.  who  located  in  Tiffin  about 
that  time  and  soon  moved  onto  a  farm  in  Lden  township,  where  he- 
lived  a  long  time. 

Mrs.  Fiege  was  born  in  Waldrnohr  in  the  Bavarian  Palatinate,  on  the 
8th  day  of  I>ecember.  1813.  John  Fiege  was  born  in  Oedelsheim.  in 
the  Electorate  of  Hesse.  July  ^.  i.Sii.  They  had  ten  children  in  all. 
of  whom  three  sons  are  still  living,  now  familiarly  and  favorably  known 
as  the  "Fiege  Brothers,"  carrying  on  the  most  extensive  furniture  and 
undertaking  business  in  the  city.  lohn  Fiege  was  drowned  in  a  mill- 
race  March  ^ist.  18(19.  Mrs.  Fiege  died  December  2<;th.  1874.  Both 
were  among  the  most  highly  esteemed  people  in  Tiffin. 


\\Yre  brewer-  and  coopers  by  trade.  The}'  came  to  Tittin  in  184-.  from 
Bavaria.  The\  produced  lager  beer  in  1848.  which  is  thought  to  have 
been  the-  first  in  Ohio.  In  18^4  thev  erected  a  new  brewery  on  River 
street,  and  conducted  the  business  together  until  1860.  when  Mr. 
Mueller  bought  Mr.  Schmidt's  interest,  and  carried  on  a  very  extensive 
business.  He  turned  Schmidt's  brewer}'  into  a  malt  house  in  i8;j. 
Mueller'^  beer  is  celebrated  all  over  Ohio  and  the  west. 

Mr.  Mucllci'  had  promi-ed  to  write  out  a  little  history  of  the  brew- 
eries in  Tittin.  but.  like  >o  man\  ot  our  good  intentions,  it  was  left 
undi  me. 

"(  hri.^t.  Mueller.''  as  he  is  familiarly  called,  is  a  very  (lever  and 
i  oiiL  •  TI  •,  a  1  LTentlemai  ot  excellent  >ocial  nature,  and  a  tine-  convcr- 
sationaii-!.  ((.-  i-  ;i  --real  lover  <•!  mu^ic.  and  was  one  of  ihe  mo^t 
a(tive  an.ong  ;';••  founders  of  the  "Brnderbuiid."  a  (icnnan  Dinging 
..-»o>  .a'.i'  i  :;  •  wa-  organixed  in  :-v54.  and  is  still  in  existence.  He 
IarL:e  lamiU'.  and  witli  the  Lireat  industr\'  and  eiieru'v  ne<  essarv  to 


ERRIBLE    FIRE! 


Satiii'tlav.  .\l'i:l   I-"..  l-7_'.  inaik^an   C|MM-|I    in  ;l;i     tin-   !;:-:,.|\ 
\\ill  ni-MT  In-  t'or^Miicn   t'\  tli"-,-  \\lni  u  iini-.M-i|   ;ln-  it-iiii'lf 
A  I  mi  1 1  l\\  0  u'i-Ii'i-k  ami  I'm  I  \   niinui«  -.  ;  iir  a  la:  in  "I    tin-  \\  a>  L 
i  >i  n  I    \\  a  I'll .  am  I    in  a  ini  'im-nl    t  hi-   I'M  r   I  n-ll>  <>\   \\\f  n;  \    u  rir   i  i 
!..ml  clamor  nf  lianucr.      DIM  in-   lln-  ila\  ihc   u  iml  ha- 1   ln-rn  l 
I'rulii  a  no)  t  h\\  i'->tt'r!\  <\  ii  n-i  inn  .  a  in  i  \\  ln-n    I  In-  a  ia:  in  \\  .1-   •_•  i\  •  ! 
iir_'l\    al    U-  ln-i'jhl.     'I'ln    ililb-ri-nl    lire   roiii|'an!i  -    ha-lini'l 
\\  .1 1 1 1 .  I"-'  I  lii'T  \\  i  i  I;  1  In-  cil  i/i  n~-  1:1  -in -i  a  1  !\ :   ni-ai  !\  i  \  ri  \  I  • ..  1\ 
i|iati-l>    in  I  li«-   ilii  t-cl  ion    \\  In-t •••   i  In-    liic  \\  a->    -lipp.,-,  ,|    ;,,!.,•    \\ 
inliiilion    ihal  liicri-    \\a>  u»rk    In  \><-  iloiir   lli.i'   \\»n;i'i    !i-.,:,.!i- 
of  all. 

I    pun  rc;ii-liinu  lln-  ui"ii!i'l  il  \\,i^  ili-^ci  >\  ci'i  il    Ilia:  JIM-  u,t-   i' 
rn. .('  "I    M  !  -.   A  .   l.'au  -•  in'^   l:oii-r.  mi   M  i.i  n  i1    -1  n-i  ; .  am!  !  l:i    • 
,,rcii|.i.-il  |.\    A.  McN.-al.  i.n   *Mmln-k\  -;;..':.  ;Vl) 

Tl'c    <  \. •_:<:.<-    \\MI-    iiiiiiii-i  1  iati-i  \    |ii;l    I"    U"i! 
i  n^int-  hi  u-i-.  anil    I  l:c  '  'I  In  i    iic.il  !\  "| ')•"--•  !i    M'  N  i  ,  •  ••  > 

1 1 !  i  •  -,  1 1 1 1  •   i  1 1  L;  I  n  i  •    MI    I  i  "  n  I    <  •  I    ;  I  n  •    >  1 "  i  •  •    1 1 .  i  <  I    \»   \  i  .••:••    ' :  •  !  • . 
\\  i '  1 1\  i  i  m  '  i .  1 1 '  I .  ;  i  •>  1 1 1 1  •  lii.il  v.  a  •<   i  i  n  i  n  1 1 1  i :  a  I  •  i  •  .     '  1  !  •    • 
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  -i  I  i  a  1 1  •  i  \  .  a  1 1 '  I  \\  a  -  ' ! "  i  1 1  •_;    •_;  <  »  "  I    •  \  •  •  i  i ! !  i  o  i ; .  \\  1  .  • 
-,i\  i-  mi! .     Tl  '  -  n'  t  i  --Mali  'I  a  i  lian-i'  ;n  :  !.•  -•«•  • 
ami  i;a\  «•   i  In    I:'.'   a  1 1 1  ••  lit  1<I.  \\  ;l  I;  I  nl  '  ;.•    •  '. 
,,  ,  n!'  'i  l"  --;a:ii  :?i  !:•  ! '  '  m  --.  ami  i ! .•     i  . 

Ilu    mi  an!   n>.  a  la!  -i-   i.iMiil  n   "I    i  ;!i    .  i   - 
all    thai    \\a>    |'o--:l'li     "1     Ihi-    !  n  i  !i  itaai)     : 


312  HISTORY    OF    SENECA    COUNTY. 

On  the  opposite  side  of  Sandusky  street,  right  directly  in  the  face  of  the 
wind  and  lire,  the  hook  and  ladder  companies  and  citi/.ens  were  on  the  roof 
of  Ogle's  store  and  the  dwellings  in  the  rear,  busy  with  buckets  of  water  to 
save  them.  The  lire  raged  higher  and  liercer.  and  these  buildings  had  to  lie 
deserted,  as  the  heat  was  too  intense  to  be  endured. 

.lust  at  this  time,  about  fifteen  minutes  after  the  lire  was  discovered,  the 
word  went  around  like  magic  that  four  barns  were  in  ilames.  and  a  few  rods 
in  the  rear  and  a  little  north  of  Ogle'-  store:  so  intently  was  the  attention  of 
every  one  directed  to  the  first  building  on  lire,  and  saving  those  near,  that 
these  barns  were  not  discovered  until  every  part  of  them  was  on  lire  and  the 
Ilames  were  shooting  up  nearly  one  hundred  feet.  This  changed  the  whole 
face  of  everything.  It  was  found  that  the  buildings  first  on  lire  and  those 
near  had  to  be  left  to  their  fate,  and  attention  turned  to  the  saving  of  prop- 
erty ahead  of  the  lire.  All  became  dire  confusion  among  those  most  likely 
to  sutler  immediately  from  the  Ilames.  Attempts  were  made  to  save  the 
buildings  with  buckets  of  water,  and  removal  of  furniture  began.  Women 
and  children  were  crying  with  fright,  and  the  owners  of  property,  with  pah- 
faces  and  compressed  lips,  saw  the  impossibility  of  saving  their  houses. 

Scarcely  had  the  liie  in  the  barns  above  mentioned  been  discovered,  when 
ilames  were  seen  leaping  up  from  Le  Baron's  stave  factory,  sixty  rods  or 
more  distant.  This  burned  fiercely,  and  the  wind  from  a  gale  became  almost 
a  hurricane.  Burning  shingles,  hoards,  coals  and  sparks  Ilew  in  every  direc- 
tion, and  ignited  everything  they  touched.  Fires  were  kindled  in  everv 
direction:  at  this  time,  twenty-live  minutes  after  the  first  alarm,  upwards  of 
fifty  buildings  were  bla/.ing  furiously.  The  ilames  leaped  from  building  to 
building:  dense  volumes  of  smoke  covered  the  doomed  ground,  and  it  seemed 
that  nothing  but  an  interposition  of  Providence  could  stay  the  destruction. 
In  thirty-eight  minutes  after  the  lire  started,  the  roof  of  the  house  of  Mr. 
Singer,  on  the  east  side  of  Washington  street,  was  nearly  burnt  off.  while 
everything  inllammable  between  that  a 
It  was  impossible  to  keep  track  of  the  b 
fire  seemed  to  start  in  every  direction. 

of   the  clock. 

Karnest.  terrible  lighting  was  done,  hut  the  heat  was  intense  and  showers 
of  lire  so  u'reat  that  the  people  were  helpless  in  what  is  now  called  "the 
burnt  district." 

A    I>l->I'Ki:  ATK    FH.IIT. 

We  arrived  at  Sneath's  warehouse.  Kaup's  planing  factory  and  depot. 
Here  the  desperate  fmht  of  the  day  was  made.  The  lire  was  making  fearful 
ravages  and  rapidly  approaching  these  buildings  which  are  divided  from  the 
burnt  district  h\  the  railroad.  Had  the  lire  got  into  these  large  buildings. 
the  <  )liio  Stove  works,  over  forty  residences,  and  Cunningham's  mill  would 
have  been  burnt,  and  the  lire  would  have  crossed  the  river  and  the  business 
portion  of  the  t»\vn  \\oiild  have  been  doomed.  The  t  u  o  steamers  were  put 
In  work  at  thi-  point,  and  a  large  number  of  citi/eiis  look  hold  and  \\orked 
with  tli''  liremen.  Benner's  house  and  barn  and  Bartell's  saloon,  directly 
Sneath's  warehouse,  were  burning  fiercely.  The  water  house  and 
the  railroad,  with  lar^e  piles  of  wood  opposite  the  planing  fadon 

depot.  Were  himiiim'  terriblv. 


I  Hi.    i.KI    \  1     I  IKI  .  ;  |  ; 

III  the  svarehon-M-.  Smosd  A.  \\\«.  \\:i<\  ."iii.imi  lm-0id>  ,,|  ulic.it.  and  _i".t«»i 
l>ll>hrls  ul  Hilts.  Tllf  oats  SSd'r  111  tllf  Upper  Mois  limlel  tin  I,...)  .  am!  ihi- 

precaution  ")'  lirinifinii  in  pail>  there,  had  li.-.-n  !.ik--n.  M\  nidi  unv  on  ih«- 
oals  In  \\aldl  tltf  spaik>  \shicli  \\ere  MOSSII  umie!  I  In-  -di  III^I-->.  A^  the^r 
••parks  tVll.  thes  \\  null)  th  ro  ss  \\  aid-  »\\  t  hdn  ;m<l  '-\;  :ii-_'ui>!i  tin-in. 

(  )M  tlif  out -de.  11  in i  urir  nn  !)),•  i, ,,ij  ss  it  h  paiK  and  tin-  hie  eonipan', 
thress \sater  Hutu  the  ln>nt.  to^-thd  uiih  iuh;;n_'  :h.-  P.diiid  and  M. irtd! 
lire.  The  >amr  work  ssa-  ilcim-  c.n  tin-  plainnu'  1. 1-  !"i\  aii'l  il.-p..i .  !...{!,  ..| 
u  hid  i  \\  err  on  lire  inside  ;ui<l  «\i\  >c\dai  1  inn--^.  A  I  •  -nc  t  MIH-  1 1,,.  i|i-|>ni  u  a-. 
in  l!.uiif>.  ami  it  \\as  tlnnmh;  that  \\  u,i>  <|.I.-IH.'I|  ;  ;h.-  !n-;_'h!  ua-  part!a!i\ 
rdin'\ci|.  llnuf\cr.  lm>i-  \\a-  ur"!  iMit"  the  i',i'.|.  aid  tin-  hu:Mnm  \\a> 
lU-liiLji-il  and  >a\  rd. 

\n  cniicd.itiiiii  of  this  ran  In-  pirinrrd  ,.;,  j.aprr.  li  s\a>  a  di-ad  r^lit 
lirt  \\fi-n  >rrtliiii'4  ilalnrs  on  niir  sidr  aid  dr-,|.i-ialr  nidi  intdi;  «\\  >a\  :ML; 
Inilidn-ds  til'  tliuii>ands  tit'  didlais'  u  .  <\  lli  i  >l  pi -.ppd  !  \  mi  t  !;••  ..',  !,••;.  '1'i.,-  latid 
pn-\  ailrd. 


h.nix-  <>\  Mi  ->.  <  .lids,  at  tin-  rtirnn  n|  Miami  am!  M-in-r.  'I'h.i;  .  u  :;!.  MH- 
I  lull  liniiM'.  wa>  1  1  it-  tin  Is  i«rt'i>f  rt  >  >a\  nl  on  that  -'jiiarr.  A  niiiui"  ;  ••!  \<  >\iii^ 
inrii  took  hold  thd-f  .  and.  \s  it  h  liiirkrt>  ol  s\  a!n.  l-,rpi  tin-  lir.-  assas  t  j  •••<\\  it  . 
or  rather  f  xtinuniishfd  it  sshnirsri  it  Imr^t  out.  'I'hr  hrat  \sa>  -o  jmrii-r 
thattlioNf  working  liad  to  ro\  c  r  thrir  larr  -,  ss  ith  ssrt  dot  |^.  It  \\a-  -a\»-d 
alter  a  tic  If  niiined  ii-j;lit  .  and  al'td'  i!  ss  a^  on  t'nv  >r\  rial  I  iinr^. 

\\'r  >a>  this  \\  as  anot  hrr  kfs  to  llie  >alet  s  ot  othrr  pioprrt  \  1  1  »m  t  In-  la<-; 
I  hat  dirertls  opposite  ssa--  an  old  dssellin_r  thai  would  ha'.i-  ^om-  :  m-\;  t" 
that  a  frame,  and  >o  on.  Imildiirj  after  Luildinu.  nnt:l  the  (  'uni:inuii  mi 
\\arrhoiisr  ss  a>  rearhed  ;  all  of  ss  lndi  ss  <  mid  has  e  lisirni  .  and  !  hr  dd  s\  mild 

has  e   I  ied  |    t  lie  dest  met  joli   of  all   the   faetiihr-,    and     lill^ilio--  p.  "  t  .'•'.>   .  •!    'I';;!.!' 

It  ss  a>  a  fearful  t  line,  aid  our  sse  do  \\,<\    ss  i-^h  [o  ss  itne-->  \>\\:  ..;..•    ; 
!  inie  . 

The  lire  eoiiipanie-^.  a-^  companies,  and  i  nd  :s  id  nails  .  did    all    '   '•'.  a-  )••  • 
tm    them    to  t|o.     Thes    ss  e  i  e  |iioni|itls    on  hand,  and  \\hen  tin'  !al'"i    r-\  ;|,,- 

rltl/rll-      SSa>     ilo||r.     tllrS       kept      at      SSo|'|<.      SSol'II      oil!      a-     t!l«'S     SSd,-.    I.!!    la!.     . 

>iimla>  .     Thes  hmm  !••  t  heir  ss  oi  k  la  it  hi  nils   and  s\  .  •'.  '. 

A  I  'oil  1    folt\  -fi\  r  minutes  alter  the  lile  stalled  t  he  entile    p!..pr|  ! 

ua->  in  llaiin-  s.     The    lire   from   Sinuvr'^  hmi-e   pa—  --d   •:.:•:•,.•. 
and  i^mt'-tl  the  pump--li"p  of  I-'i-hliimih    and  '•.'.•• 
I.  mi!'.     1  n  t  he  meant  ime   li^htiirj   lire   ss  a-  d"i,>   »n  .1 


The  lire  d-o-M-tl  tin-  riser  and  ->tai  ted  ^n.;' 
\\in.d-,.  t  rrr>  and  Idirr-  lii  \ond  l"i  our  and  ,.!,.•  !; 
1  1  1  a  '  •  •  "1  t  !  !  e  r  o  1  1  1  1  a  LTra  t  i  o  1  1  .  I  '  n  1   no  d  a  1  1  1  a  u'<  •  ss  a  -  •  i  •  •  ; 

I  )n   Ihr  -Mpiai  e  111  -!    I'lirni  .  t  hr  1  III  lilt  Ml't'-.  i'i-d' 
i  rinos  rd  '  o  -,)  rri-i  ^  ad  loiniiiLT  and  !r|  1  .  a-  ss  a-  -  :p 
!i  '.  ,'hi'il  1  1  ij   were  toimd  1'iirnt  up  oi  on  lire. 

Thr    i-i'is     roiineil    lelr^raphnl    t..    ^andn-k 
aiissscr.     did    ^"  au'ain.   and    linalls    inlo''m'-d    ^  i 
a|ipioaehiiiLr  the  railroad  hridu'e.      Thru  ;!  •<•  ::,i.  i, 
and  t  la    i  nx'im-  n-aehed  Ti'hn  MI  I'oi  i  s   mi    ,'•  -  t  ! 


-14  HISTORY    OF    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

I  hrew  water  in  less  than  one  hour  I'mm  the  ti  nic  six'  left  Sandusky.  After 
working  one  halt'  hour  >he  collap-ed  a  line.  She  \vas  well  handled  up  tu  that 
time,  and  Sandusky  deserved  TiHiti's  roiilplinHMlts. 


The  larger  portion  of  these  losses  are  sustained  b\  men  in  moderate  cir- 
cumstances, who  cannot  well  hear  the  blow.  Some  are  laboring  men  who 
have  secured  a  home  by  hard  knocks,  and  \\ere  thus  left  homeless. 

Saiidu-ky  street      West  side: 

McNeal.  snoods  in  -tore s  IJ.IMMI 

Mrs.  Haw-on's  buil'linu's :;.."",( HI 

Sandu-ky  street      Fa>t  side: 
A .  \  F.  Oiilf.   two-stor\    brick  building,  and  d\\  ellinu'  adjoining,  one 

and  one-half  story,  and  two  one-story  frames <».<HHI 

T.  ( 'oil  ins.  loss  on  u'oods 1 . IK  in 

1 ).  ( '.  P»a u <ih man.  t\\  o--tor\  brick  and  frame  barn,  etc J.unn 

A.  Median,   two-story  frame / I'.iiun 

Miami  street     North  side: 

A .  tV  F.  ( )L,rle.  two  frames,  one  brick  and  two  barns ;>.(»<  M) 

A.  McNeal.  two-si ory  frame  house,  barn  and  wood :>.IKI<) 

Mrs.  ( i  lick,  frame  barn  and  smoke-house .",110 

Franklin  slreel      West  side: 

•John  Knot l.  house  and  barn HI  MI 

W.  Shuu'an.  two-si  or  \  frame  house I  ..-,n<i 

P.  1 1  art  tier,  frame  liarn  I'uo 

Adams  street      South  side: 

P.  Ilartaer.  double  house  and  two-siory    brick :',.MIU 

N  .   N  ubcl.  la  rue  barn .",IHI 

l-'ranklin  si  reel      Fasl  side: 
Mrs.  l!rc-ni  n.  t  rame  house si  HI 

Adam-  -t  reel     Soiit  h  side: 

1 ).  Arndt .  brick  house  and  barn l.noo 

D.  liartcH'-  lirick.  etc 4.11011 

(  i  em  u'e   I  Jell  lie  I1' >    l|oll-c  ,1  lid   ban  I 1  .OUO 

Adam-  street      North  side: 

.Jacob  K  uh n's  frame  house 1  .nun 

15.  Tro\ell's  In  ui-c  and  barn 1  .-on 

I  Jail  road  company,  i \vo-st nr\   frame,  etc L'.OOO 

IJailroad  company    I"--  on  freight  rcmo\  ed  and  \\hi-ky  deslroyed.  .  .  .        ."inn 

Franklin  -treel      I'.a-i  side: 

M.  Kiihn.  t  \\  o   i!\\  cllinus  and  one  barn 

Mr.  t,|uinn.  d\\ elliiiLT  house 

I..    \  .  1 5a ron.  -ta\  e  factory 

T..  T.  A    \'..  rai !  road  com  pans  .   lie-  burnt 

\\  ashinuloii   -tree!       We-1   -ide: 

]•'..  ( 'm-tfd.  1 1  on ->•  and   barn 

!•'..!.  Wanner.  liou-,c  and  barn 

II.  1 ..   K  1'iida  11.  brick  hoii-e  and   barn :;..".IKI 

A  .  P>randcbur\  .  brick    hmi-e.  .  :;.IHXI 


\\';i->!iiir_'ion  -I  i  r.'t  K.I-; 
SaiuiH'l  Slunlf.  ham.  rtr  .  . 
!•'.  "Miiuvi  .  !  >n>-\\  In  'ii>'-  .iii'i 

M  im-i'\  .1  -M  i  !•'•!  : 


I'au!  Milln  .  II.HIM-  ;ui'i  i'.ii  n 
I..    l!;iiiLr.  lu>ii->i- 

'I'luTr   \\flr  ;iNn  ;i   !l  I!  111!  'fl' 

in  tin-  ;tu^i''-u;il'-.     Tin-  t"l;il 


CHAPTER   XX. 


SURPLUS  REVENUE  POLITICS  FIRST  POLITICAL  JOLLIFICATION  -TIFFIN  IN 
THE  WOODS— TIFFIN  INCOR  PORATED-  FI  RST  ELECTION  -  I  NCORPORATION 
OF  FORT  BALL  — ITS  FIRST  ELECTION- INCORPORATION  OF  THE  CITY- 
FIRST  CORPS  OF  CITY  OFFICERS  HARRISON  NOBLE-  PLANK  ROADS- 
PIKES-TELEGRAPHS  THE  SCHOOLS  OF  TIFFIN. 


WIIF.X  the  revolutionary  war  ended  the  general  government 
and  the  colonies  were  badly  in  debt  ;  the  former  was  com- 
pelled to  repudiate,  and  those  ot  the  colonies  that  were  luckv  enough 
to  have  surplus  lands  under  their  old  charters,  were  enabled  to  pay  a 
large  part  of  their  debts  by  land  scrips.  Virginia  and  Connecticut, 
owning  the  entire  northwestern  territory,  paid  nearly  all  their  colonial 
debts  by  these  scrips,  which  secured  the  first  titles  to  land  northwest 
of  the  Ohio  river.  The  general  government  struggled  along  with  an 
empty  treasury  for  many  years,  until  finally  the  duties  on  imports  and 
the  proceeds  from  the  sale  ot  the  public  lands  made  her  exchequer 
flush,  and  the  statesmen  of  those  days  were  troubled  with  the  surplus 
revenue.  There  was  no  national  debt,  and  the  money  accumulated  in 
the  I'nited  States  treasury  until  it  became  a  burden.  The  recom- 
mendation of  (leneral  lackson.  to  distribute  it  among  the  >tates.  was 
approved  by  some  and  opposed  by  others.  Some  ot  the  eastern  states 
had  no  particular  use  tor  their  shares,  but  it  was  a  dod-send  to  Mime 
of  the  state^  in  the  west,  where  the  people  suffered  greatly  for  want  ot' 
money,  which  was  especially  true  oi  Ohio.  The  gross  amount  to  be 
distributed  wa>  SJO,GOO.OOO.  The  portion  to  Ohio  was  Si. 42^.000:  and 
the  amount  that  came  to  Seneca  count}'  was  S;  i  .7  V- 7,v°  v  The  act 
passed  congress  and  was  approved  by  the  President  on  the  ^Cith  day  of 
Mar<  h,  1X37. 

I!y  an  act  of  the  general  assembly  of  the  Mate  of  Ohio,  the  coumv 
commi-oioners  ot  each  county  were  made  lund  commissioners  of  this 
iiirjilu-i  revenue  for  their  respective  counties.  On  the  jd  da\  of  May, 


r»i  1 1  h  -. 

and  titty  eight  persons,  m  sums  i.f  Sic: 
inort^a^e  on  uiiem  umbered  real  estate 

1  his  was  a  -reat  relief  to  Senei  a  i  -.rn 
ally.  Mr.  Read,  the  ed.itor  ,,f  the  /."• 
editorial  on  this  subin  t,  Ma\  i  ;.  i  -  ;;.  -. 

'  hf  ainuimt  thus  Inane,!  \\ ,  !:..]..•  ma\  i.-l: 
I'''1  in  "ur  '•I'liimunit  \  .  ainl  i-nal'li-  iu.in>  :•• 
nii'li-r  \\hirii  Hir\  ha\r  1,,-t-ii  lal'urinu.  Th 
fiii-f  in  '-sial.lishjim  c.iiili'li-in  c  in  ..ui  :ii<'\\ 
\\  tiifli.  tlmuu'li  I'l-rliaj.s  1:,,i  as  l.ail  a-  it  !i,:_ 


:'-•    ..encra     L.'ovi-rn!tic'i!   > 
in  !!••!'  ;  roa>r,r\~  iii  >u  .      '[". 
inti  i  ;!K-  mill:.  >n>.      (  ic:u  I'at^;  >\>~ 
th'-  liiiniblc    littk-   'hook    \\  111  !f. 
•  >t"  t!u-    fniu-.l   >;..;<-   sha;:    .1.  i 
' !'»:'"v: .:u.  .inii  i  i.:    tiu- 


i!.'  :    '    r    lii-h  iric^    o;    <  !.i:i  i  li 
'I  i  'li-rant  ;n  all  tiling,  i:  ^>  .1 
an>  ''.her  hi-  ri^lit  t"  p:'i_r  'i 
:  :i  -  ami  rrliLiion.      M,!i    (  .;;c 


\\-  and  -,  attrn-d  a-  •.!:-• 
.  and  rt'iin  n  rd  tar  a\va\ 

]  '.i  rt  \     sj  ,  :  r;  t    v\  <  «<;  .d    v.  • 
.,t  irr  t\v.  i  and  ;  hrn  •  v,  • 


president,  and  the  light  on  tlie  I'nited  States  bank  culminated  in  the 
removal  ot  deposit-,,  the  vetoes  of  the  re-charters,  which  agitated  the 
whole  country.  Part}'  spirit  ran  high  in  iS^j.  when  Jackson  was  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  re'-election.  Clay  was  the  candidate  and  the 
embodiment  of  the  Whig  jiarty.  ('lay  and  Jackson  were  both  Masons, 
(ireat  prejudices  were  entertained  against  both,  and  the  Morgan  affair 
was  in  everybody's  mouth.  The  Masons  were  very  much  abused,  and 
a  new  party  was  called  into  existence,  called  "anti-Mason,"  under  the 
leadership  of  William  \Virt,  of  Maryland,  who  was  the  candidate  for 
president,  and  Amos  Lllmaker,  of  Pennsylvania,  for  vice-president. 
The  ides  of  November  came  on  and  Jackson  was  re-elected.  Now  the 
Democrats  hadjto  have  a  jubilee,  and  the  first  political  jollification  in 
Seneca  county  came  olf  at  the  house  of  Colonel  John  Goodin,  in  Tiffin, 
on  Thursday,  the  6th  day  of  December,  iS^2.  Hon.  David  1C.  Owen 
was  appointed  president,  and  Andrew  laigenbeel  vice-president. 

In  writing  up  the  proceedings  of  this  meeting.  Mr.  L.  Brown,  the 
editor  of  the  Patriiit.  the  pioneer  newspaper  of  the  county,  and  whose 
columns  were  open  to  the  three  parties  alike  (for  he  published  "  Cla«r 
politics."  "  Jackson  politics,"  and  "  \Virt  politics.")  said: 

Although  many  of  our  friends  were  unavoidably  absent,  viewing  the  lands 
in  the  "Seneca  Reservation."  previous  to  the  sale  ofthem.  which  commences 
mi  Monday  next,  yet  the  concourse  was  unusually  large. 

Thirteen  regular  toasts  •  one  tor  each  ot  the  original  states.)  were 
offered,  besides  a  number  of  volunteer  toasts — some  witty,  some  less  so. 
Amongst  those  who  participated  were  Henry  Cronise.  George  Flack. 
Nathan  I..  Wright.  Joseph  Graff.  Colonel  R.  Ja<ma.  I'riah  I'.  Coonrad. 
Gabriel  (.  Keen.  L.  Drown.  Jacob  Kroh.  Colonel  John  Goodin.  A. 
Katon.  Samuel  ^.  Martin.  J.  II.  Drown.  I..  Locke.  J-'reilerick  Kisldcr.  1'. 
I.  Price.  William  Anderson.  John  Campbell.  William  II.  Kessler.  Joshua 
Senev,  Andrew  Main/. 

The  Sr'',!'  -,/    /',','r,'\  >    will    be    noticed  in    the  chapter  on    the  "  Press." 

'1'h.e  following  will  --how  how  Seneca  couiltv  voted  for  fourteen 
years  •  it  its  early  ln^tory : 

In  Isjs     Adanis.     \\"hi'^'.     received  our  hundred  and  ele\en  majoritv. 

In  ls:;u     Jjieas.    I  )i-nio:-rat .    received  three  niajorit\ . 

Iuls:;!1     Clay.    XVliiu'.    recei\"ed  t \\enty-nine  majority. 

In  \-~-\\\     Lucas.    I  )eniocrat .    received   ii\e  majorit\ . 

hi    1  s  ;r,     \"an    Diiren.     Iiemocrat.     reeei\ed   one   hundred   and   eighty-one 


In  IMJ     -haiiii"!i.    1  >i  in- n  rat .    ii-i-i-i\t-il  ii\i-  |, 

A-  a  general  thin-  tiu-  i  ..  ,!  1  i, 

the  V.K  i  c--  oi  an  o.  .  a-:;.i  >i;.il  • 
i>;>.  when    the    Kn»u. >•'•:!.  n^     -\\>v  •    :i 
tlieir  <a  lit  In  late-  \>\    major  it  :e-  « >'.  <  i    i  .  ; 
'The  following  tal.le  -hou-    the    \..r 

K;«'  Lnea-.  I''.!-',  M.-. \rtlni! .  l1'.'-'.- 

K;-J  .laek-iiii.  si  -(.,  ( -j;^  77.  V;-i 

IN.:!  I.uea-.  7n.7:is  l-'in.li.-\  .  >.7.l!  I 

lv:<i  \'.(|i  lliiivn.  '"..Ml-  llarii-»n.  ]"">.!""• 

ls".s  — liaiiiinii.  I'^.s-l  \'anec.  ln_'.l'.i. 

!-l.i  Shamnm.  r_"'.::U  (..ruin.  1("..H_' 

}^\-  -hanii'Hi.  r.-.i.ui.j  l'cir\\in.  li'..''_'l 

i  ii  !  IN     \\  :  •    I  .  -k  i    i  \: 

'There  i-  very  Kttle  alio:;!  'T:It,:i  ;hat  af.ra<  : 
anil  an-wereil  a-  an  imhn  einent  :•>;•  i:e\\  .  . 
There  wa-  n<>thin_  inviting  to  ihr  !:,!in:_:  .111'. 
In!-  \ery  <  lieap.  inileed:  <  au-ed  th.e  <  »''ikv\  - 
i  ".red  th.e  removal  o;  tiie  ian'1  oip.  e~  .'•!'•.  :: 
the  town,  limit  hoii-e-  anil  miiU  a;:d  i'i'  i'.^.--- 
|io-i  .ilia  e  mi  thi-  -Me.  and  all  '!.;•.  !'•:'  :!.- 
sled  very  little  v  it  a  1: !  \  tor  a  !•'!!_  tVn  i.i  .  x.  n  u 

''  -.    number-     i  <i.  :  •*' 

.  in  al ino-t  an \    term-. 

\ !'•.-!•  tin-  leu    tir-t  i  ' 


...l.-ji 

.:  U  : 


3^0  HISTORY    OK    SENECA    COUNTY. 

names;  charged  them  with  having  been  bribed,  and  predicted  that  all 
sorts  of  evils  would  follow.  Kven  the  purchase  of  Fort  Hall  by  Mr. 
Hedges,  failed,  for  a  time,  to  allay  this  bitter  feeling.  Itgre\vinto 
fever-heat  when  the  post-office  was  removed  from  Fort  Ball  to  Tiffin, 
and  Jacob  Plane  was  appointed  postmaster  on  this  side,  in  the  spring 
ot  1^29,  under  Jackson.  Kven  Mr.  Hoagland,  the  terryman,  became 
so  incensed  against  Mr.  1  ledges  that  at  every  session  of  the  court  he 
would  come  into  the  court  house  on  the  second  or  third  day  of  the 
term,  take  off  his  big  stove-pipe  hat  at  the  door,  walk  up  to  the  judges' 
desk  with  measured  step,  in  his  long  brown  overcoat  reaching  down  to 
his  shoes,  holding  in  his  hand  a  large  role  ot  manuscript,  which  he 
would  lay  before  one  of  the  judges,  turn  round  and  walk  out  again  with 
an  air  of  triumph,  snapping  one  eye  at  the  bystanders.  In  this  manu- 
script he  complained  of  Mr.  Hedges  tor  refusing  to  let  Hoagland  take 
stones  out  of  the  river,  and  many  other  things. 

But  the  little  town,  thus  languishing,  did  live  (as  the  lawyers  say); 
slowly  and  gradually  increasing  in  numbers,  until  about  the  year  1X33 
it  numbered  probably  400  souls.  For  fourteen  years,  from  the  time  of 
its  platting,  it  was  under  the  government  of  Clinton  township,  having 
no  government  ot  its  own  until  the  jth  day  ot  March.  1^35,  the  legisla- 
ture of  ( )hio  passed  an  act  incorporating  the  town  of  Tiffin.  The  act 
contained  twenty-one  long  sections.  It  provided,  amongst  other  things, 
for  the  limit  of  taxation:  tor  the  us-1  by  the  town  of  the  county  jail;  for 
the  election  and  appointment  of  officers:  for  building  of  sidewalks  and 
improving  the  streets:  for  provMing  fire  apparatus:  for  punishing  the 
sale  of  intoxicating  liquors,  etc.  The  town  embraced  the  first  plat  and 
first  southern  addition. 

There  was  no  election  held  under  the  law  in  April.  1835,  nor  'n 
April.  1^3^).  Nobody  seemed  to  care  tor  a  town  government,  but  in 
lune.  1-^36.  the  following  notice  was  published  in  the  'I'ifrin  Gazette,  vi/: 

CORPORATION    KLKCTION. 


[orris,  on  Wednesday,  the  :*ith  just.,  for  the  purpose  of  electing  oflieers  in 

'iit'onnity  to  the   provisions  of  the  act    incorporating  the  town  of  Titlin. 

l.KORl.K   \V.  CIST.  (,KOR(,K   PARK. 

NICHOLAS  (iKOTI  IIl'S.  M-   D.  C.\  I  >U  A  LLA  I  >KR. 

M.    M.   MASON.  -IOKL  ST(  >N  K. 

r 'II. \HLHS   Li:\\  IS.  .!.   \V.  MILL  KR. 

.!<  'UN    P.Alf.II  KR.  DAVID   I'.KCK. 


mavor  of  the  town. 


I'lKHN     AM'    KORJ     l:.\I.!..  3*1 

The  population  ot'Tittin  proper,  in  1X40.  was  ;rS;  1X50,  2.71*:    i>os. 
i,,<)')2:    1X70,  5.04^,  and  in  i.SSo.    ;,SS.\ 

I'iftin     outstripped     lort     Hall     in     population     ami    improvements 

liusiness  clustered  around  the  p:il>lir  ^.ji;arc  and  .ilonu  Washington 
.street,  where  it  is  yet  holding  -svay  with  a  ii\<>^\  wonderful  ten.uitv 
I'i.'tm  is  unlike  in. my  other  to\viis  in  the  we--:  :::  this  re>pe<  t.  where 
business  extemU  into  various  streets;  In;  here  :t  must  !  e  <  "iil'ineil  in  .1 
square  or  two  and  sin  k  tlu-re.. 

No  reason  can    lie    mven    lor    tin-  -.i:^';;,u  ireak.  !u.-<  au-e  tin-re     >•    i\» 
reas.  m  n.  »r  sL-nse  in  it. 

1-ort   Uall  hail  no   orjani/ation    -is   .1    ur;i:.i  .pa'.  •  orp.  .r.it:o:;  :\:\',:\    :he 
legislature,  on  th.e  i  it'1-  '':1>    "!    Man  h.     i  -~.\>i.  : 

an  elei  t  ion  lor  town  otVn  ers  to  in-  heM.  fi \in_;  the     ••'::!' i.irv .  ^ . \  . :._  <  • 
pora'e  power>  to  the  new  town.  et<  . 

I. nob  l-'lau_;lier  was  elected  the  lu'st  ma\  or,  |a;nes  i'.   1'    . 
ain  1   | .    I  | .     K  isin^L-r  was    .ipj,ointed    !  lie     ':r-t   in  i:  >':.ai.       It     \\  ,ts 
l:\ed  a'ia;r,  and  no  o'b.er  elei  t;on  was  e\'e;'    iie.d    ':;.der  t:;e  <  h.'.rtrr.    : 
the  or^ani/ation  of  '1  ii'iin.  as  a  <  it\   oi"  ;ht-  sV,  ,,;-.d    .  i  ;  . -.  .  ::.':.:  .*•  ed  ':• 
towns  and  allayed  the  old  rival  jealo'.isv  ::.  :'.  ':,  .•''.  ,t:i:-.o\ed   ;•  •:': 
iua!-.\    \ears.  and  iioth  had  a  ri^ht  to  -  i\    w:ti:  >'::  ikestn   t: 


I  ;»L-  act.  :IK  i  u'jiorat  :n_:  t  tie  i  i :  \ 
s  passed   Man  i!   j ;,-;.    iS;.:.       It   t 
i'he   Ill's'    >ci  tii  'ii   pri  >vii  les  \<  <r  t  : 
.u  ju  both  towns      'I'il'tin  and   1  • 
1  i  lescr;]  >t ion  «\  this  ';  mun,  lar\   .. 
iiiei  1  before  .  aii'i  the  li ''.!<•  l»r-  ><  - 
~--  i  t  ion  two  provides  t»r  ;!.e  cic 
.ii)  live  i  i  nn<  ilmen.     \r>  uu    ea<  i: 
.n-titutc.l  the  ".  :'\    .  'n:..  ':." 
^    r  t  ion  three  pr<  >\  '•  :••-  '••  ".'  ''••<'  < 
-;    oi    tin     r:\er   in    ;  -•     t  lie    :.:  -' 


3^2  HISTORY    OK    SKNI'X'A    COUNTY. 

Section  twenty-five  repeals  the  acts  of  incorporation  of  Tiffin  and 
Tort  Hall. 

The  act  contains  twenty-six  sections;  was  prepared  by  the  writer  at 
the  request  of  the  councils  of  both  towns,  and  was  passed  by  the  legis- 
lature without  any  change. 

The  first  election  was  held  on  the  2oth  of  April,  1850.  and  the  fol- 
lowing named  persons  were  elected,  viz: 

Mayor — William  Lang. 

Treasurer — Robert  Crum. 

Marshal — Samuel  H.  Kisingrrr. 

Councilmen,  First  Ward — William  H.  Gibson,  William  H.  Keilhotz, 
Andrew  Denzer. 

Councilmen,  Second  Ward — Jacob  Flaugher,  W.  M.Johnson,  George 
C.  Small. 

I.  W.  Patterson,  the  last  mayor  of  the  town  of  Tiffin,  certified  the 
election  returns. 

On  the  i6th  day  of  January.  1X71,  the  city  council,  by  ordinance,  di- 
vided the  city  into  five  wards,  as  now.  They  are  as  follows: 

First  ward  is  all  north  of  Market  street,  to  the  river:  extending  from 
Market  street  east  to  Circular;  thence  south  to  Rebecca;  thence  east 
along  Rebecca  to  an  alley  lying  east  of  lot  647;  thence  south  along  said 
alley  to  Main:  thence  east  to  the  corporation  line. 

Second  ward — All  north  of  Miami  to  corporation  line,  on  the  left 
bank  of  the  river. 

Third  ward — All  south  of  Miami  to  corporation  line,  on  the  left  bank 
of  the  river. 

Fourth  ward — All  nouth  of  Market  and  west  of  Washington,  and  west 
ofMelmore  streets  to  the  corporation  line. 

Fifth  ward — All  cast  of  Washington  and  Melmore,  and  south  of. Mar- 
ket and  the  south  and  west  line  of  the  first  ward. 

The  valuation  of  the  taxable  property  in  the  city  proper  for  1X71)  was 
>2, 4030^3.  The  city  tax  tor  the  same  year  was  SN^.o.^.S^.  For  a 
number  of  years  past  the  annual  tax  of  the  city  has  averaged  three  per 
cent,  on  the  '!<  illar  valuat  ion. 

The  following  is  a  li-4  of  the 

01  I  UT.KS    'M      Mil      en  Y 
at  this  time  '  i8So  > : 

Mayor-    -Harrison   Noble. 

['resident  of  Council— I  )r.  J.  I-'.   I'..  Fanning. 

\  ice-1'resident  ot  Council  —  1  )r.   |.  1".  Rumanian. 

(  lurk  -  (  '.   !.  .\! .  Sullivan. 


-    , 


'1  he  treasurer  <>!  Seiici  a  <<>unt\     ;  ••  the    treasurer  ol  the 

<   it)    S..  licit,  .r      l'err\    M.    \.iamv 

Marshal-    James   |  .  Ccor^e. 

Street  Commissioner  —Si  udder  ( 'a  i:n''c.-rla;;i. 


1'irsi  ward  — James  l.ovc.   |.   i'.   Kirinaman. 
Second  ward   -|<>hn  Mar->i>ny.   losiah   !'.   Baker. 
'Third  ward  --I.  !•".  1'..  Fanning.  Charles  >tin^. 
I'ourth  ward  —  |nhn  B.  I  .hivntricd.  Rnnaldo  \.  (Iray. 
I'Hth  ward    -1'i'lcr  (ir.unnu'^,   Bi-njainin  Shiniu-r^. 

HAKKlM  l\     \.  >|;|   f  . 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  wa->  h^rn  in  S.ik  ('reck  toA-n^hip.  \Vayru" 
(nunty.  (  )h:o.  where  hi->  lather's  tainily  lived  on  alarm,  on  the  .?••>!  hda\ 
nt  lanuary,  iSj(>.  \\'hen  the  famiU  moved  to  Sriuva  loun'y  he  was 
about  ten  year--  old.  He  attended  the  l"ir-t  >i  hoo!  at  a  l'>^  >i  hool 
hoti^e  that  his  lather  and  the  neighbors  put  up  on  the  n  >rthea->'  <  orner 
oi^ectKin  n;.  in  Kuk-^on  township.  It  wa>  a  school  hou^o  (>\  ;he  kind 
they  had  in  those  days;  a  dap  b-iard  roof,  pun^eon  rlour,  pun^'eon  scats 
and  puiiLieon  de-ks.  Bass  wond  lo^s  were  -split  and  hewed  as  sjnoDtli 
as  possible.  ln>les  bored  intn  the  IOL;S  in  the  sides  oi  the  house,  sticks 
driven  tightly  into  the  Imles  and  the  hewed  pun^eiui.  laid  on  the  stu  ks. 
made  a  writing  desk.  Holes  burcd  into  .motlier  piece  nl  pun_;ci>n  and 
le^s.  about  eighteen  iiu  lies  Ion.;.  dri\'cn  into  them,  made  iien<  lies.  \n 
nider  lirother  ol  llarrison.  \\'ashin^tl  m  Nnble.  the  oldest  s.i;i  •>;  the 


324  HISTORY    OK    SKXKCA    COUNTY. 

your  high  schools  no\v-a-days,  heated  by  hot-air  furnaces,  and  supplied 
with  beautiful  and  convenient  patent  desks,  were  not  to  be  thought  of 
then. 

When  Harrison  grew  up  to  be  large  enough  to  work,  he  helped  his 
lather  clear  land,  and  in  a  few  years  seventy  acres  were  cleared  on  the 
homestead  farm.  The  boys  had  their  sports  also  in  those  days.  It  was 
not  always  hard  work  and  no  play. 

lie  \vas  a  very  good  coon  hunter,  and  kept  a  couple  of  blooded  coon 
dogs  with  which  he  would  scour  the  country  around  tor  coon:  the 
Crosslev  boys,  the  young  liostons.  and  I  lollopeters.  often  joining  him. 
One  night  Harrison  got  out  his  Indian  pony,  took  his  dogs  with  him 
and  went  to  Mud  creek,  where  he  caught  seven  coons.  Hoys  olten  got 
their  '•  spending  money  "  in  that  way. 

The  wolves  were  still  vcrv  troublesome  then,  and  people  that  kept 
sheep  or  pigs  had  to  stable  them  for  protection. 

The  squirrels,  chip-monks  and  crows  were  so  numerous  and  trouble 
some  that  the  people  were  compelled  to  make  war  upon  them.  Harri- 
son olten  collected  a  lot  of  boys  with  guns  and  ammunition  tor  a  squirrel 
hunt.  They  appointed  two  captains,  who  picked  their  men  one  at  a 
time.  "  turn  about;"  then  they  started  in  all  directions.  They  were  to 
meet  at  a  certain  place,  and  the  party  that  had  the  least  number  ot 
squirrel-tails,  lost  the  price,  which  was  two  bushels  of  corn  which  the 
losing  party  had  to  furnish.  The  plumes  of  the  left  wings  of  crows. 
hawks  or  bn//ards  were  also  counted  for  so  rnanv  squirrel-tails. 

The  boys  also  or^ani/ed  debating  societies  and  spelling  schools. 
wh;<  h  were  held  often  a'  private  houses,  and  which  were  a  source  ot 
pleasure  and  mutual  impnnement. 

The  winters  of  1X4. (--5  young  Noble  spent  at  the  college  in  (  (berlin. 
and  in  1X40  he  attended  the  Seneca  count}'  academy  in  Republic.  In 
the  winter  of  1X40-7  he  taught  a  school  in  Tiffin,  occupying  one  ot  tin- 
upper  rooms  in  the  two  story  brick  school  house,  still  standing,  on  the 
north  side  ot  Market  street,  near  the  corner  of  Monroe  and  Market. 
Mrs.  (iibbs.  a  Mr.  ('ollins,  and  the  writer  were  all  the  other  teachers 
then  employed  in  Tiffin.  ('ollins  wa-  a  tall,  slender  man.  had  a  wile 
was  a  prca<  her.  and  made  terrible  war  on  the  Masons  and 
s.  He  was  going  to  break  down  their  lodges  ami  Inild 
oi  C,od  upon  their  ruins.  ![,•  returned  In  U'oosler.  ivherc 
\  li'.ed  and  did  not  behave  very  well  after  his  return.  Hi 
-  but  his  < >\vn . 
liowing  vear  Noble  cniered  the  office  of  his  brother.  U'arrcn 


•}26  HISTORY    OF    SKNl'.CA    COUNTY. 

Soon  after  their  marriage  the  young  couple  commenced  housekeep- 
ing in  their  pleasant  home  on  the  corner  of  Jefferson  and  Market, 
where  they  still  reside. 

I'l.ANK     ROADS. 

In  this  year  (  1X49^.  on  the  22<1  day  of  March,  the  general  assembly 
of  Ohio  also  passed  an  act  incorporating  the  Lower  Sandusky,  Tiffin 
and  Fort  Hall  plank  road  company.  Ralph  1'.  I'.uckland,  John  R. 
Teas.  John  I,.  Green,  James  Justice,  and  John  Bell,  of  Sandusky  county: 

I.oren/o  Abbott,  Calvin  Clark,  I!enjamin  Tomb,  Cyrus  Tool.  Vincent 
Bell,  John  W.  Patterson.  Warren  1'.  Noble,  and  Rex  in  W.  Shawhan,  of 
Seneca  county.  Chester  R.  Mott,  Joseph  McCutchen,  Robert  McKelley, 
and  Andrew  McKlvain,  of  \Yyandot  county,  and  all  others  associated 
with  them,  by  subscribing  stock,  were  made  a  body  corporate  and 
politic. 

Another  company,  called  the  Tiffin  and  (  'sceola  plank  road  company, 
was  also  chartered,  and  both  roads  put  in  operation  A  branch  road 
from  Fostoria  to  intersect  the  former,  north  of  the  mouth  of  U'olf 
creek,  was  also  laid.  Toll-gates  were  erected  and  tolls  collected. 
These  answered  the  purpose  tor  awhile,  and  were  tvery  popular  until 
they  began  to  give  way  by  the  rotting  of  the  plank.  The  tolls  collected 
proved  insufficient  to  keep  up  the  necessary  repairs  and  other  expenses. 
Subscribers  were  assessed  to  pay  a  second  time,  a  work  that  always  has 
a  tendency  to  injure  the  popularity  ot  any  joint  stock  company.  Mean- 
while the  roads  became  worthless  and  were  abandoned:  toll-gates  broke 
down,  and  the  supervisors  of  common  highways  removed  the  plank  bv 
putting  them  on  piles  and  burning  them  up.  The  stockholders  lost 
every  dollar  they  invested;  never  reali/ed  anything,  and  thus  ended 
another  wild,  impracticable,  foolish  experiment. 

For  many  years  past,  some  ot  our  citi/ens  agitated  the  propriety  of 
building  pikes  in  Seneca  county.  The  great  inexhaustible  quantity  of 
stone  in  the  (  ounty  suitable  tor  that  purpose,  the  bad  condition  of  the 
roads  every  winter  and  spring,  together  with  the  landed  wealth  and 
general  enterprise  ol  our  citi/ens.  seemed  to  warrant  such  a  measure  as 
wise  and  necessary.  During  the  past  winter  (  iSj^-.So),  meetings  were 
held  in  several  town-hips,  and  in  Tiffin,  in  which  the  subject  was  dis- 
cussed, and  finally  the  county  commissioners  were  prevailed  upon  to 
pnbli-h  a  notice  in  the  Tiftin  paper-,  calling  upon  the  voters  at  the 
n  Dii  '!.>•  I",;--1  Monday  in  April.  iS.'-'c.  to  vole  on  the  subject,  yes 
I '  :  i::  !  • '  •: :'  \  ot  the  votes  cast  had  been  in  favor  of  pikes,  tlie 
cominis-  have  commenced  the  work  under  the  law.  The 

sub;ect    i-   still    very    !re-h    in  the    mind-  ot  all.  and  no  attempt    will    be 


THK    IT.I.rr.R  VPH.  ;  *7 

^lado 

measure  should  he  deleated,  and  so  largo  a  portion  oj  our  pooplo  '.oted 
against  pikes.  Mittice  it  to  sa\.  that  when  the  \uto-  were  <  «>u:ited.  it 
was  toiind  that  only  1.57*  voted  tor  pike-,,  while  ;,i>"  votes  were  <  a-: 
against  the  proposition.  I;  is  to  he  regretted,  that  an  improvement  so 
highly  needed  in  our  lounty.  should  find  so  tew  :r;ends.  1  ;ftm  alone 
gave  a  majority  in  favor,  some  500.  All  other  ele«  t;on  precincts  in 
the  i  ounty  gave  large  majorities  against  the  measure.  In  11;^'  >pr::iL'. 
a  township  that  needs  -ood  roads  as  li.uiiy  a-  an\  other  locality  in  the 
county.  ;n  a  \ote  ot  s-i.  there  \sa-  only  one  \  oto  in  tas.it-  ,,!  pikes. 

1  he    tar    or    the    near   luture    nrisi    solve  th:-  M".e-tion.       I  he  present 
generation  preters  to  -,ti<  k  in  the  mud.. 


A'iiout  1X41;.  the  first  line  of  telegraph  was  i  onstru>  ted  through  T 
lin.  along  the  Mad  Ri\'or  and  I  ake  I'.rie  now  ('.  S.  \  ('.,  R.uiroad.  A 
joke  in  i  onneotion  with  this  enterprise  i>  almost  too  good  to  he  lost. 
Mr.  < 'Inustopher  Snyder,  the  men  hant.  was  a  good  d.eal  oi  a  wag.  and 
whenever  he  had  a  chance  to  get  a  "rig"  on  anvone,  would  spare 
neither  triend  n«  >r  l<  ie. 

Mr.   Italthasar  Kie-  was  a  (ierman    harlier.  aii'l  l:\od    on   l.a-t  Market 
street.      |-or    main    \ears    lie  u.is    ;n  the    lialct    oi    i  alhng    upon    h..s  t  us 
toiuers   at    their    ho'isos.  stores   or    shops,    to    shave    them    or    <  ut    their 
hair.       lie    had    a  frame    u;th    two    hooks    ;o    lian_'    o\  or    t!ie    li.uk  oi    a 
chair.  w;'.h  a  porpomlii  ular    piece  that    slid  up  and.   down    and   having  a 


a  hrush.  a  tew  ra/ors  and  a  pair  o!  s,  is^ors.       1  'nu-,  lit'ed  out,  ho  startc-d. 
on  his  Sea?      a  t  r . i  \  <  • !  i  n g  1 1 ; 1 1 1  > e  r  s  1 ;  o  p . 

Mr.    R :  e  s    was  a  -mail    man.  \  e  r  \    a  <  t  n  e  and.    n  e  r  \  o  u  s .  \\ : ; '     ; » ,  a  •  k  ha:: 
arni    lilai'k    eyes,  paie    t.u  e.  po'nto    and    oloanlv     ;::    1         haS.ts.    Irit    \c:v 

<  reduious.      Anything    Mr.  Siudor    >a;d    \\a-a-   g 1   a>   go 

(  me  :  me.  uhiie  h.e  had  sm -!cr  d|,  ,wn  in  a  .  hair  in  !::-  -•••:<-.  u  th  hitlier 
ai!     .ver  hi-  fi.  e.   Rei,  w.iu'ed  -s-nder  to  tel!    ii.m  wh.it   •":-.• 


328  HISTORY    OF    SKNF.CA    COUNTY. 

remark   made   bail  worse  with   Mr.  Ries,  and  lie  was  bound  to  have^a 

full  desrription  of  the  tiling.  Linally  Snyder  told  him  that  travel  by 
•^teamer  around  (.'ape  I  lorn  was  very  expensive  and  dangerous,  and  to 
.'.void  both,  this  plan  had  been  adopted:  that  when  the  work  was  com 
pleted  clear  to  San  l-'rancisco  an  iron  saddle  would  be  placed  across 
•.lie  wires  to  hold  the  traveler  and  his  baggage,  and  when  all  was  ready 
'he  thinu  would  be  touched  oil  behind  him.  and  that  would  send  him 
'cross  the  country  to  San  I-'rancisco,  where  he  would  be  received  on  a 
•>ile  of  straw,  and  trom  whence  he  could  go  to  the  mines  when  lie  was 
.x-ady. 

All  this  seemed  very  reasonable  to  Ries.  but  he  said  we  lived  in  a 
most  wonderful  age,  when  improvements  were  made  in  all  department* 
>>f  life:  and  finishing  dressing  Snyder's  hair,  he  went  away.  lie  was 
gone  about  an  hour,  when  he  returned  very  much  excited,  and  setting 
his  tin  cup  on  the  counter  with  such  violence  that  the  water  llew  in 
all  directions,  and  shaking  his  list  at  Snyder.  threatened  that  he  would 
never  again  believe  anything  he  said:  that  people  down  street  had 
laughed  at  him  when  he  told  them  oi  the  new  way  of  ^oing  to  Califor- 
nia, etc.  Snyder  said  that  Joe  Ranker  had  told  him  the  same  story,  and 
he  did  not  know  any  better  himself,  etc.:  but  Ries  went  awav  in  a  verv 
nervous,  an^'rv  mood. 


Amonur  the  early  pioneers  in  Fort  Hail  was  also  Andrew  Love,  who 
lived  on  the  bluff  on  the  McOitchenville  road,  where  the  fixer  conies 
up  eh  >se  to  the  road. 

Another  pioneer,  on  the  Tittm  side,  was  Alexander  Mason.  He  buih 
and  opened  the  "LaL:le  llotei."  on  the  corner  ol  \\a-hington  ami 
1'errv  streets.  It  wa>  a  t\\o  story  brick  budding,  and  received  a  third 
-lory  when  Mr.  R.  \V.  Shanlian  became  the  owner,  who  lilted  up  and 
enlarged  the  hotel,  when  it  was  christened  the  ••Shawhan  House."  I.  \\  . 
Patterson,  proprietor.  Mason  kept  there  in  1X^4  anil  1^5:  Patterson 
opened  tin:  Shauhan  House  in  iS;o.  The  hotel  has  retained  its  name 
ever  since,  under  several  proprietors,  among  whom  1'.  1'.  Myers,  who 
really  built  Mp  the  reputation  of  the  house  and  kept  it  the  longest,  was 
•.he  nio^t  popular. 

i  n i     nn  IN   SCHOOLS. 

There  were  but  few  children  among  the  early  settlers  in  Titlm,  and 
ve!  to  secure  a  site  and  build  a  school  house  was  one  of  the  first  public 
i  ares  ami  enlisted  the  support  of  everybody.  Application  was  made 
to  Mr.  Hedges  for  a  lot  to  build  a  school  house  upon,  and  on  the  first 
dav  of  Lebruarv.  iSjS.  Mr.  Hedges  executed  a  deed  to  (/eorge  I)on 


aKUon.  Ja<  ob  1'lane.  and  \\.>  hard  Snrath.  x  h 
ilisirirt  mnnluT  tour,  ("iint"ii  :«>\vjid 

jj   .      It  i>  ^ituatc  on  t!u-  m-iM:  :    M.I'M- 

northwcM  i  onuT  ot    Mark;  ;    ;:.d   %!•••  I '!. 

•  and  <  oiniiu-m  <•>  MI  tin--;-  \\ .  .j  >:-  ••\\  '•  i-n-  i  ..  !. 
iia->  laid  out  and  r-ta!i!i-!ird  .1  ;  .\\ :.  1,\  MM  :  ::: 
-itna-r  u|>on  trai'iona!  - ••<  '  >',}  \<t  I.  .•  K  i 


Alter  the  M  h»'.;  !-  m-r  v,  i- 
-cn  I'K'ctrd  ,1  Mit.i  (.-  wa-  ;•';:•.. 
I!K-  !''',';•  >\\'.  n_   i  i  ir  in  : 

\     1  I    \( 

A  u'-nl  N-.'i!  in    \vh-  •    i-    \\  <•!! 


•>;  '-aM  \   !iai  'it  ->.  i  -  \\  ant  ••>!  '•  •  t'-.c  ! 
ji  it    api'ii'-al  i'tn  ->!i"iii'l  i"-  in.i'i'-  1  ••  '.••:<     \  ';•• 

!!  !„•  \;i'-anl.  HI   N  I.' V    <    1,'<  '\  1-1. 

Ml  1.  l'(  )N    .1  1   \  \  1  \ 


33°  HISTORY    OF    SEXECA    COUNTY. 

take  much  pains  to  instruct  me  in  English  grammar  and  pronouncing 
words  correctly  in  reading  the  history  of  the  United  States,  he  took  the 
other  half  of  my  time  to  receive  instructions  in  mathematics  and  in  the 
geography  of  Kurope.  Thus  my  thirty  days  passed  away  and  I  became 
a  graduate  of  Mr.  Crockett's  first  school  in  Tiffin.  This  constituted 
the  sum  total  of  my  schooling  in  America,  and  it  was  not  long  after, 
that  the  school  examiners  of  Tiffin,  Joshua  Seney,  Oliver  Cowdry 
and  Frederick  Singer,  gave  me  a  certificate  of  qualification  to  teach 
school,  when  1  became  one  of  the  first  teachers  in  the  two-story  brick, 
still  standing  on  the  same  lot,  now  occupied  for  a  shop. 

The  little  old.  one-story  school  house  was  torn  away  in  about  1844 
and  the  two-story  brick  put  up  a  little  further  from  the  street,  with  four 
rooms. 

Here  all  the  schools  in  Tiffin  were  accommodated  until  the  young 
city  organized  under  the  union  school  system  and  preparations  were 
made  to  build  the  beautiful  school  house  on  South  Monroe  street,  now 
known  as  the  high  school  building. 

Simultaneously  with  the  organization  of  the  city  of  Tiffin,  the  ques- 
tion of  inaugurating  the  union  school  system  under  the  law.  agitated  the 
minds  of  some  of  our  people  also.  Opinions  as  to  its  propriety  dif- 
fered very  widely.  The  proud  position  that  Ohio  occupies  in  her 
educational  department,  when  she  taxes  her  wealth  to  educate  her 
youth — in  other  words — when  she  makes  the  owners  of  property  pay 
taxes  to  educate  the  children  of  those  who  do  not  pay  taxes  for  want 
of  property — was  not  appreciated  by  all  our  citi/ens.  The  friends  of 
the  measure  were  the  taxpayers,  the  wealthy  men  of  the  city,  one  of  the 
most  active  of  whom  was  Mr.  R.  \V.  Shawan,  who  had  no  child  to  edu- 
cate and  paid  the  largest  amount  of  taxes  of  any  man  in  the  county. 
To  his  honor  be  it  said — the  success  of  the  measure  depended  largely 
on  the  part  he  took  in  its  favor.  Remarkable  as  it  may  seem,  the 
enemies  of  the  proposition  were  the  poorer  classes,  who  generally  have 
the  most  children  to  educate.  Nineteen  of  these,  who  worked  hard, 
electioneering  for  votes  against  the  measure  all  day,  were  the  heads  of 
families  averaging  five  children  to  each,  and  whose  taxes  on  the  dupli- 
cate added  together  tor  all  purposes  did  not  reach  the  sum  ot  thirty 
dollars. 

The  vote  wa>  taken  in  September,  1850.  and  a  handsome  majority 
>ecured  in  it-,  favor.  In  October  following,  at  the  election  lor  mem- 
ber-, of  the  x  hool  board,  the  following  were  elected,  vi/.: 

William  I.ang,  William  I).  Searles,  (ieorge  Knupp.  A.  C.  Baldwin,  W. 
H.  Keilholts.  W.  11.  Oil), on. 


;  » i 


At  ttu-  nrVi  meeting;  oi  tin-  iio.ird,  held  -in  th,-  iir-,1  <l.i\  ot  N.  . 
i.S^o.  U  iHi.un  l.an.;  \\a>  elei  tr.l  pii->:dent.  \\  il.  (i:lt»ni.  N 
ami  A.  C  .  Hahlwin  trea^uii-r.  1  i;<-  Iio.ird  'hen  al-o  ippo;nted 
|.  11.  I'uten-er.  l\.  (',.  I'ennm_;r..n  and  l\  k.  I'.'-m.-n:  .1-  .1 
exam;ner->.  I  hu--  the  new  -\-:em  u.ts  -.<.-'  »i\  i  .  .;.  A;>.<\  '.\\>>\i 
fhihlriMi  h.i\f  onjoynl  tin-  in-ncii;  ni  t!u--r  nij:<i;i  ><  1.  •«••!>  ii':r:i 
tli;rtv  yc.ir^  la^t  |..i->t. 

1'hr  following  i>  a  !i>t  "I  tl-.r  fir>t    CUIJIN  ..i    ;cai  l:n-  cinj.'.i  >\  i- 
board,   v;/.: 


i'  month;  Mr>.  Sar,ih 
room,  ^20  per  month  :  M;»  I  •iii'aln.-'.h  (  i  0;,;^-  an>l  M>-('.  '  'oitin.  r.u  !: 
>i;  prr  month:  \\'ill:am  I1  it/m-ralii-..  S.vj  jn-r  m.>n:h.  >am':c!  NoLin. 
?2J  prr  inontli:  M;^>  Maria  Aiulrrw,  >i^  pi-r  mon'.h.  Thoma>  I. 
(  '  r>  ini-M-.  >  ^4  piT  m<  mth. 

I  In-  ^mall  amount  ot"  tin-  ><  hoi.j  t'uinl  \\a>  i-i|".all\   iliv:-li'il  amor,^  tin- 
tlinx-  tc-rm^,  ami  tor  \\ant  oi    >uttn  ;mt  nu-a;i>  to  p.i\    -lu-  tcai  lin->.  .1  t.i\ 
<i!   iVoin   one  (  rut  to  on,-  ami    one  halt    <  rnS    a    iiay     ai  >  ofiini^   to  (  i.i-.> 
\va~-  a^->c»c(l  on    ea<  h    -(  liolar  ;n  artcmlam  r  tor  that  term.       I  h.-  nio.le 


Re\  .    K.    l\.     Cement    U  .1  ^   eli  1  p!o\  ei  1     I  »  -i ;  pr  r  ;  n  t  e  : ..  1    *  lie    M 
thi-  winter  only,  'or  \vh:i  1;  the  lioar>l  pa:ci  !:.m   S  i  .'.  >  •-.    tin- 
1X51.      (  )n  the  -ame  <la\-  th.e  !>oani  oifered  Mr.  :      •«    kuk'.e 
Jni>.     >4"c      .->alarv    .t--     ^npei'.ntemien:    o;    ;'ne    ';n;op,    -.,(•,,,, 
pr:\;li-^e  ot'allouin-  him  time  aUo  to  le.u  h    a  <  !,i--  in    II. 
le^e.        lT;e    olV'T    \\  a  -    aiiepted.    and     Mr.    l\;tk!e\    ua-:!.e 
tenden'.  oi"  the  'I  ;ttm  union    ><  hooU. 

In  iS;j  th.e  l>oaid  pun  ha-ed  in  lot-  mimlter-  -.•;.)  an'i 
.then  -i'(  oml  ward.  \\  here  i  he\  ere,  led  the  tn  -:  un:on  -•  !: 
the  i  it\ .  the  -ame  \  <  at .  at  an  exprn-ji;  :\\i  !':d.r.^  S.j  p  i:d  :• 
^('i.cc  '1  hi--  ;•>  the  M  liool  hoii-e  immeii'.ateiv  u  e-;  .  •!.-«•.,  M 

hi     |.S;  |     the     l,o. ud     l,o';jh'     ..;     \h      I  led.  ' 
the  j  .1  e-etit  h  i  ^  1 1  M  1 1  o.  .1  t>';;!d:iu  m  n\    , ;  u;-  i  ..  ami  >  >:\  '  ':.-•   :  ^ 
1X55.  :  ln-\   n><  '!\  ed  '.hat    \\  hen  ; 
j;  -hoiild  1  "•  |  •".'.    i'A  .i  \   ! roii i  • ':  e  -.trf-:   i  .• ;  le> 

()ti    'he     i  i  :  h.    •  it'    \  pi  il.     !--->>.  a   mee::;:^    • .:  : 


33-  HISTORY    OF    SF.NKCA    COUNTY. 

On  the  22(1  day  of  November.  1855,  at  a  public  meeting,  the  board 
was  authori/ed  to  borrow  a  sum  of  money  not  to  exceed  the  sum  of 
S6.000.  to  be  used  in  tlie  building  of  the  new  school  house,  and  interest 
not  to  exceed  ten  per  cent. 

(  )n  the  loth  of  lime.  1X^6.  the  board,  passed  a  resolution  to  lay  the 
corner-stone  oi  the  new  school  house  with  appropriate  ceremonies,  and 
to  invite  the  Rev.  I..  Andrew  to  <leli\er  the  address. 

(  Mi  the  20th  of  lanuary.  1X57,  another  public  meeting,  held  at  the 
mayor's  office,  resolved  to  instruct  the  school  board  to  proceed  and 
finish  the  new  school  building,  and  to  levy  additional  taxes  on  all  the 
taxable  property  in  Tiffin,  for  that  purpose,  as  follows  : 

For  the  year  1X^7.  one  and  one-half  mills  additional:  lor  the  year 
1858,0110  and  one-half  mills  additional:  for  the  year  1X51,.  one  and 
one-half  mills  additional:  for  the  year  1X60.  three  and  seven-tenths 
mills  on  the  dollar:  for  the  year  iX'n.  three  and  seven-tenths  mills  on 
the  dollar:  for  the  year  1X62.  three  and  six-tenths  mills  on  the  dollar: 
tor  the  year  1X63.  three  and  seven-tenths  mills  on  the  dollar,  and  to 
borrow  another  sum  of  money  for  that  purpose,  not  exceeding  SX.ooo; 
t< »  issue  bonds,  etc. 

In  iXqcj  the  third  story  was  finished  inside,  and  the  first  high  school 
<  u-gani/ed  that  fall. 

The  building,  with  the  site,  cost  at  least  S45.ooo. 

Mv  a  special  vote  of  the  citi/ens.  lanuary  30.  1X71.  the  board  was 
authori/.ed  to  build  t\vo  additional  school  houses;  one  in  the  first  ward 


I  cbruary.   1X71.  the  board  contracted  lor  both    of  these  structures,  and 
had  them  put  up  at  an  expense  of  57.500  each,  sites  included. 

In   iXyS  the  board    built    th.e    large    school    hou-e    in    the  i  no\\  •  tliird 
•,\ard.  in   Fi-dibaugh's  addition,  at  a  cost,  including  site,  of  S^.Xoc    mak 
ing  a  total  of  about  S  72.000  invested  in  school  houses  and  lots 

There  are  at  this  time  about   2.700  youths  in  Tiilin    entiiled  to  public 
:  n-  tract  ion.      'I  he  school  iund  tor  the  \'ear   1X7(1  was  S  i  <).  *  i  5  .  ^  |. 

Tin-  board  emplovs  one  superintendent  and    twenty  nine  teachers.  o| 
.'/horn  the  following  is  a  list,  including  their  resjiective  salaries  : 
.1,   \\  .    Kn.itl  .  siip'l  ............   sl.L'iHi     1  1  alii'-  1.  '  -a  \  ill  ............... 

i  '..  I'.  M;>  *  rs.  |.  ri  in'  i  p;il  Jd  dis.  .        -in     (  Vh-sta    SUUIIT  ............... 

>n-~ie  If.  I'latt.  prin.  hiurli  srl  .....  I        TIKI     A  i  nr]  in   Saner  ................. 

L:--i'l!"  I  I'T'h'm'.  prin.  (  l.-r.  'inn      \'ciiic    Met/  ................... 

Mrs.  M;ir>    Xartinaii  ...........          IT")     Li-imra    Mitdicl]  .............. 

Mat;  i'-   MI-  Lain  ................         \~:t     .Jessie  I'm  in  nan  ............... 


,iiui;i-l  Mi-K  jtrii'l<  .............         !",u     I-lnnna   Mcrkcllia 

t't-lia    William^..  luu     Laura    I-'n-\  man  . 


THK    SCHOOL-    t>y     1  If  KIN. 

Minnif  Hull M'«'  \lar>    Ilartinaii 

Kate  Miuhro :;7">  Wan  en  I!.  Hriuk»Tli 

i'rankif   \'aii   1'i-lt ::7"i  KmiiaiiUN   IJ.  15.. ur 

('«>ra  l't-\v ;;T")  Mai  ilia  i .  u  \  nn 

\'ict«iria  Sawyer :;7".  li.-llf  1;\  m«- 

ll">a    .M\tT> :'.T".  l'l..ra    llainr- 


\\ '.;-  i..,rn  1  »r,  ciuhcr  .-S. 
-i.'/.-.  ulu-re  li:>  lalhcr  u 
.'  1  I  .n>i  laic  a<  .1-  U-:n\ ,  M 


334  ins  TORY  OF  SKXKCA  COUNTY. 

came  to  Tiffin  and  entered  into  partnership  \vitli  l)r.  H.  K.  Hershiser,. 
in  the  well  known  corner  drug  store  on  Market  and  Washington.  At 
the  close  ot  the  first  year  he  bought  his  partner's  interest,  and  has  re- 
mained in  successful  business  there  ever  since.  Kversince  his  location 
here  Dr.  Hubbard  has  taken  a  very  lively  interest  in  every  measure 
calculated  to  promote  the  growth  and  welfare  of  Tiffin,  his  adopted 
city,  especially  in  her  educational  interests.  He  has  been  twice  elected 
a  member  of  the  school  board:  first  in  1877.  and  again  in  1880,  and 
has  been  president  of  the  board  since  1878.  He  was  married  to  Miss 
Helen  M.,  daughter  of  Judge  Sawyer,  of  Nashua,  New  Hampshire,  on 
the  27th  day  of  August,  1873,  an<^  Clara  S.  and  Sheldon  I>.  Hubbard 
help  to  make  the  household  lively. 

C.  O.    KNKI'I'KR 

was  born  in  Somerset  county.  Pennsylvania,  on  the  2oth  of  October, 
1836,  the  oldest  son  of  Jonathan  and  Margaret  Knepper.  He  gradu- 
ated from  Heidelberg  college  in  the  class  of  1862,  and  from  the  semi- 
nary in  Mercersburg.  Pennsylvania,  in  1864.  He  was  superintendent 
of  the  schools  of  Waterloo,  Iowa,  and  of  Waverly,  in  the  same  state. 
On  the  24th  day  of  lime,  1868,  he  was  married  to  S.  (irace  Dunnell, 
daughter  of  David  Dunnell,  of  Massachusetts,  the  bride  then  living  in 
Waterloo.  This  union  was  blessed  with  three  children,  one  son  and 
two  daughters.  In  1871  he  was  elected  professor  of  the  Alumni  of 
Heidelberg  and  took  charge  of  his  position  in  1872.  In  the  spring  of 
1879  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  school  board  of  Tiffin. 

HKNKV      llkOIII. 

was  born  in  the  citv  of  I'.otin.  on  the  Rhine,  on  the  loth  dav  of  Novem- 
ber. 1831.  He  attended  the  academy  and  university  at  !>onn.  and 
before  lie  had  time  to  graduate  he  left  his  native  city  and  country:  he 
came  to  America  and  settled  in  Sandusky  ('ity  in  the  spring  ot  i,S;i. 
Mr.  I'.rohl  had  also  applied  himself  to  the  mercantile  business  while  he 
lived  in  his  native  city,  and  when  he  removed  trom  Sandusky  ("ity  to 
Tittin  in  i8;s  he  entered  into  copartnership  with  1,.  T.  Abbott  in  the 
business  of  wholesale  grocers.  He  continued  in  this  linn  until  in  1857 
he  entered  into  partnership  with  Robert  ('rum  in  Tiffin  in  the  sale  of 
groceries  and  liquors.  The  business  wa-  conducted  by  this  limi  until 
y  -»u; .  when  M  r.  1  In 
•  ••.-.:  ul  ly  ever  sim 
(  'at  harine  Kraut/. 

-•-••'  -n     children,    who     ire    all    living.       He    wa-    elected    to    the 
bo  ml  in   1877. 


The   rc.uK-r    w!i.>  iK-Mrr>    to   -cr    short  l»i«»;;r:i|ihi«  .il  >krt«  h 

other  pri-M-nt  l:\iiu  iiu-ml  ><:!••>   oi    !lu-    vili....!    l«..iri!    »:    'litlin.w.'l 

tlu-ui  in  (  h.ij'UT  -\^.  under   tlu-  lu-a«N   <>t    \\.iin-n   \\   \"!>ic.  J.if<'i>  l-ur.n. 
ain!  \\  illi.un  I  ,.in^. 


CHAPTER   XXI. 


THE     BANKS     OF    TIFFI N  -  I NSURANCE     COM  PANI  ES -SECRET     AND      BENEV- 
OLENT  SOCIETIES. 


IN  the  spring  of  1847  the  question  of  establishing  a  bank  in  Tiffin  was 
agitated  by  sonic  of  the  monied  men  in  the  place,  and  it  became  appar- 
ent very  soon  that  rival  interests  were  growing  into  conflicting  propor- 
tions. One  wing  followed  the  leadership  of  R.  W.  Shawhan,  and  the 
other,  that  of  Rufus  U  .  Reid,  the  leading  rival  merchants  of  Tiffin  at 
that  time.  To  the  outside  world  it  seemed  at  times  that  one  party 
would  succeed,  and  then  the  other,  but  finally  Mr.  Reid,  who  never 
was  very  scrupulous  in  any  thing,  succeeded  in  securing  a  charter. 

( )n  the  i2th  day  of  July,  1847,  Benjamin  Tomb,  William  II.  (libson. 
Samuel  Waggoner,  R.  (I.  I'ennington,  Alfred  Johnson,  R.  W.  Reid. 
Daniel  Smith,  William  Meet,  William  M.  Buel.  and  Daniel  Brown,  made 
the  proper  application  for  the  organi/ation  of  an  independent  bank. 
••  Tending  the  granting  ot  the  application,  they  became  convinced  that 
the  amount  already  subscribed  was  insufficient/'  (says  Stewart,  but  the\ 
really  became  alarmed  at  the  rival  element  showing  greater  force.)  so 
the\\  in  conjunction  with  others,  enlarged  the  capital  stock  to  one 
hundred  thousand  dollars.  ( )n  the  2(1  ot  August,  of  the  same  year,  the\ 
filed  their  amended  application,  which  was  speedily  acted  upon  by  the 
board  of  commissioners,  and  a  charter  tor  an  independent  bank,  to  be 
located  in  Tittm,  with  a  capital  >tock  of  Sioo.ooo.  was  granted  them  on 
the  (jth  ot  the  same  month. 

Perhaps  it  would  have  been  better  tor  all  parties  concerned,  as  well 
as  the  community  at  large,  it  the  other  faction  had  succeeded.  Who 
•  an  tell  ? 

The  bank  was  organi/ed  by  the  election  ot  Benjamin  Tomb  presi- 
dent, and  Waggoner.  Buel.  Reid  and  I'ennington.  directors.  Mr.  Tomb 
resigned  his  position  as  president  in  1X4-^.  and  Abel  Rawson  was  ap- 
pointed in  hi>  place.  Mr.  I'ennington  was  appointed  cashier  /TI>  din.. 
and  atterwards  William  K.  Chittenden.  the  regular  cashier.  Thev  coin- 


meneeii     l>i:>ine^-     <>n     the    i;'h    «'. 
the      "  Seiiec  .i      (  '<  itini  >'     Hank.' 
'.he      v»:;u_:      ir.it;     <arr;eii     ;...)     urn 
ashore.      After  tin-  !>.n:k  ha.;.  -•;-]•(  IM:- 
\va->  l>el<>re  that     !;me    a    j">|,';'.ai     \.  •';! 
charter  ot  the  e<  ilIaj>M->l  institution.    k 
short  -e.isMii.  .i:ni    s'.artecl    atresh.  in 
thci  i  (  !;r.ni<  \v!t  In  i'::  'T-;  i  >i  n;c:  >  \  .  .ii 
on  CD-  I-,.  i\  it  in  tin-  (  i  nirl    <>:    itiiniiinn 
uiiil"!^.  (  >hin.      A.  1'    Sti'iu-  \v.i-  ttr.i^ 
who  \v-.i-,    hi-      ..i  nil  -il.ir  trirnil,    ni.nl 


(  Ofilcil.  li'it  a!  lh.it  time.  a>  th.r  .uriu  -il  ,1  e 
ivxi'ru'.ii  in  .  intlie  iuiiunic:!!  anil  <  aim:  :>•  1  iltir. 
the  e\ei  :it;.in  in  the  hand>  nf  -heriff  \\  eirii  k.  .ii 
[lie  bank  a-  pii.  k  a>  ].D-,i!.!e.  \Ii.  |.ihn->L£ 
li.i'l  a  h;_^rr  ]«.\<\  th.an  he  e.  mi<l  i  arr\  .  aii'l  a^  t  r 
ai'MMnd  h;tn  \-er\  rapiillv.  ;  -n  ;.<•;  rat  <•>  '.  :lie  -anie 
are  ^u;!t\  nj.  !i\  re-iirt;i:^  ;->  •-:  r>  >n_  >  ir.r.k  !"••<  Vj'r^) 
J  \veakne^->  '  !•;-•  a*  a  time  when  .1  mar  -!'."•:!. 
hi>  nianh  .....  i  :iff..i  r,, 


\\  eir:.  k.  (tie      I.T  "'.  .111. 

'II:  e\a';!;  \s,i-    iijien     mil    a    ' 
e\  ef\  t  Mill-     -eelnei  1     (ielil.  >r.l! 
I  i  '  ';  i  n  -  1  1  1  1  .  u  !  1  1  .  -.1:1!      •  •    \  '.  '.  :    r 


I  Me\    _.u.i-   :•;   uji.  aii'i 

Ill  '!<  ! !    e\(   i !  ei  i ,     u   i    k  e 

I  o ' '  <,  \\  .  i ;  _,    « ! ;    i  , .  i  '  i  ! :   • .  , 
' '  *>!  •!;>•'  .1   '•«'•  Hit  '.    l>:tii 


\  M  I 


;  S8  HISTORY    OF    SKNl'X'A    COl'XTY. 

bonds  deposited  with  the  treasurer  of  state  for  the  security  of  the  hold- 
ers of  its  notes  in  the  sum  of  S^o^.^S:  that  all  said  bonds  had  been 
abstracted  or  paid  out  in  violation  of  law,  and  that  the  holders  of  85  7,000  of 
outstanding  circulation  were  deprived  ot  their  pro  rata  share  ot  said  bank. 
Me  claimed  that  the  state  held  securities  for  this  circulation,  in  the 
Mini  of  850,000.  and  asked  that  the  same  be  used  tor  the  redemption  of 
the  bills. 

Nothing  was  done  upon  this  report.  War  broke  out  and  the  Seneca 
county  bank  was  lost  sight  of.  The  bills  were  hawked  about  the  coun- 
try, and  sold  for  whatever  they  would  letch.  In  the  session  of  the  gen- 
eral assembly  of  1804.  the  writer  introduced  a  bill  directing  the  treas- 
urer of  state  to  redeem  the  certificates  so  issued  by  the  receiver,  and 
the  outstanding  bills  of  said  bank,  which  passed  both  houses  and  became 
a  law  on  the  ^ist  of  March.  1864.  The  state  lost  nothing  by  the  act. 
(  >n  the  contrary,  there  were  less  bills  and  certificates  outstanding  than 
the  securities  in  the  hands  of  the  treasurer  of  state,  leaving  a  respectable 
balance  in  favor  of  the  state.  This  balance  was  made  up  undoubtedly 
by  bills  that  were  lost  or  destroyed,  and  having  never  been  presented, 
the  state  had  the  benefit  of  the  loss. 

In  1852.  Arnold  and  Tomb  (  Sylvanus  Arnold  and  Benjamin  Tomb), 
established  a  private  banking  house,  which  lasted  two  years,  when  it 
changed  into  the  name  of  Tomb.  Huss  i\:  Co.  The  business 
was  conducted  in  this  name  until  1865.  when  the  company  organi/ed  as 
the  "First  National  Bank  of  Tiffin.1'  with  Benjamin  Tomb  for  president, 
and  John  T.  Huss  cashier.  For  eleven  years  this  bank  did  an  im- 
mense business,  but  during  the  last  year  some  people,  who  had  a  chance 
to  know,  questioned  its  soundness,  and  lookedupon  the  institution  with 
misgivings.  Mr.  Huss.  the  cashier,  was  a  native  ot  Tiftm.  and  a  young 
man  of  e\<  ellent  business  qualifications,  lie  was  highly  esteemed,  and 
enjoved  the  general  confidence  tor  honor  and  integrity.  Nobody  was 
willing  to  believe  him  guilty  ot  am  wrong.  The  state  election  of  187:5 
was  over,  and  both  parties  quieted  down  to  business. 

1 ;  was  the  afternoon  ot  the  1 51)1  of  ( )ctober.  i  -^75.  >everal  depositors 
from  tin-  citv  withdrew  their  deposit-.  The  money  in  the  bank  had  run 
down  to  a  few  thou-and  dollar-.  The  clerk-  in  the  bank  tell  gloomy. 
Some  of  the  directors  consulted  t<  igelher  as  to  the  proprict  \  ot  borrow- 
ing some  money  for  a  few  days.  IIuss  was  :it  his  house,  where  he  had 
been  for  several  days,  teeling  unwell,  as  lie  said.  A  gentleman  iron; 
Cincinnati  came  that  afternoon  ami  stopped  at  the  Shawh an  house,  with 
a  view  of -eeing  Mr.  llu-s  the.  next  morning  about  a  large  draft  that 
was  not  ju-t  a-  it  should  have  been.  It  was  hall  past  tour  o'clock  in 


the  ;it 


[\ii\\\  -ho'  \\.i^  In.:.  ml  in  the    d:p-<  "••• 

!'  i-.-d  t!ir..  u:i  In-  h'-.ir  IP.MI  .1  :      .&M   \1      i  I 

H<     ua-.'.rad. 

I'.  \v:ll  ix-nrn;  n«H>od\  I"  'ir-<  nSr  ihi'  i  •  I'M::  ,••:.  •«",!  :h;!U^  thv  w.i- 
oooii  m.idr  manliest.  and  '.'  1;  nl  !u-:iiT  :,••'  !c-  rci  -iftli-.!  !HTC  Mittn  r 
it  I"  ->.i\  .  iii  it  U'.invn  I'.  N.  •  :•'.(-.  !  .>  |  .  u  .1-  .i\<\-  nntr-.l  :<.<•-.•>  >-r  .i:i«l  I..IH! 
:hr  i  i'(.-(l:t<  •!••»  >i\t\  |>cr  «  rn'.  mi  thr.:  <  l.i.ni-. 

Mil       \\lli>\\l       I    \  •    i  i  \  N  •  .  !       .'    \  N  K     n\       I  :  M  I  \ 

\\.i-  (ir^a!i;/i  i  ;n  iS'.;.  I!;;.  !'•!!.  .\\  •;,_  is.uin-il  ^<-!it',c!:i'  ;i  \vt-rc  the  in 
ri  ir|M  ir.it'  T>.  \  i/  :  \<>}\\\  1  '  I  ,»•  <i\\:-.  !\  \\  >'ii.r.v!i.i:i.  A  <  1  Sri'-.i:h,  I  \1  . 
Navior.  S.  I',.  Snc.ith.  \V.  \\  .  N.iyl.ir.  I!  A.  I'-u^kirk.  >.  M.  <  >oirn.  A;.-- 
K.iw-in.  A.  I:.  Hiivi-y.  I.  II.  (  ;.,...!.  |A-\  i  I  ».u  i-.  J.,hu  Swi-.irt.  J  II 

I'.tirnjrr.  l<ti:,rrt  Mn:t!i.  \..  \.  Stii-kiu-\.  .nul  I.  A.  \1<  l-.irl.nid  liu- 
i  a]>it.ii  >t<  M  k  u  .1^  ;iic-n  S  i  .'5,000.  whu  h  h.i-  IUTII  ^rr.it!\  .ri^iiin.-c.l  x;n,  t- 
!!)(.-  l»ank  iMiitiy^  the  jnu-rai  «  nnliiifi)<  r  '>!  tin-  i  •  iin:nuir;\  .  avid  ;!u- 
•  ink  sc\rrr  !Mi>ti  irtunr  lha;  ln-lri  t!u  ;n>uui!!"i]  u  as  thf  rnlduTV  <>',  ttic 
liank  by  it-  lonp,-r  i  .i^hirr.  (  ».  <  .  /rllrr.  win)  U-;"t  tin-  !>.ink  I'M;-  (  '.m.ida 
<>1H'  niijht  :n  'lie  ^|'r;nc  M!  iS-s.  ,i!ii!  MII  the  next  ini»rn:n^  t:;r  li.ink  '.\a- 
^hi  >rt  -i  >nu-  >5  :  .:'•;. 

The  h'i-:i'.r---  (•!  the  I'.tnk  \:\'<n  crdcd  r:^hi  on  a>  i!  li'iih.in^:  l;.iii  li.iji 
I  ri-iH'd.  ami  while  the  coniinnnit  \  were  >lio(  krd  o\  cr  the  ,u  :  .  tin-  <  i<nii 
drni  r  tlie  }  'i  -i  ij  >'.<•  had  ]  'l.ii  rd  :  n  t  !.-•  in  -I  it':'.  .  MH  \\  a  -  i:<  •;  >)i.ikrii  in  tin- 


I    \\ 


^40  HISTORY    OK    SKXF.CA    COL'NTV. 

IMF.     I'.ANk     OF    TIFFIN 

U'as  organi/ed  in  the  fall  of  1858.  by  Kvan  Dorsey  and  A.  (',.  Sneath. 
In  the  fall  of  1851).  1\.  \\'.  Shawhan  bought  the  interest  of  Mr.  Dorse}-, 
.uul  the  bank  was  continued  by  the  same  name  until  it  merged  into  the 
organi/ation  of  the  National  Exchange  bank  in  1865.  The  Hank  of 
Tiffm  \vas  kept  during  its  whole  existence  in  the  room  now  occupied  by 
|ohn  Neligh  as  a  clothing  store.  Mr.  Shawhan  was  then,  as  now.  the 
owner  ol  the  building. 

Mr.  A.  (i.  Sneath  was  cashier  of  the  old  Hank  of  Tiffin  during  the 
whole  time  of  its  existence,  and  of  the  National  K.xchange  bank  for 
about  three  years  from  the  time  of  its  organization. 

INSTRANCF.     COMI'ANIKS. 

The  Seneca  County  Mutual  Fire  Insurance  company  was  organi/ed 
under  a  charter  by  the  legislature  of  Ohio,  passed  March  iqth,  1850. 

"I'he  first  meeting  of  the  incorporators  was  held  in  the  sheriff's  office 
in  Titiin.  in  pursuance  ot  notices  published  in  the  .SY//<r</  .-li/rf/'//s<'r  and 
the  St-iit'iii  //'///;••,  when  the  Hon.  A.  I  aigenbeel  was  appointed  chairman 
and  Hon  I.  \\  .  Wilson  secretarv. 

<  )n  motion  of  I'.den  Lease,  the  by-laws  of  the  Stark  County  Mutual 
Insurance  company  were  adopted  lor  the  by-laws  ot  this  company. 

William  Lang  was  elected  president  for  the  ensuing  year.  J.  W.  Wil- 
son secretary,  and  Oeorge  Knupp  treasurer.  'I'he  secretary  was 
authori/ed  to  act  as  general  agent  of  the  company:  and  thus  the  coin 
pain  started  on  its  career  with  a  good  board  ol  directors  and  officers, 
and  with  one  of  the  most  favorable  charters  for  a  mutual  lire  insurance 
(  onipanv  ever  passed  by  an  Ohio  legislature. 

•(  )n  the  2<;th  day  ot  October.  1850.  the  tirst  policy  was  issued  and 
the  last  one  on  the  ^ist  day  of  July.  i8(>o,  being  number  loOJ. 

Immediately  iijion  the  organi/ation  ol  the  company  Mr.  U'ilson  took 
charge  ot  "all  its  business  and  appointed  verv  many  agents  in  various 
counties  in  northern  Ohio,  the  larger  number  ol  whom  had  no  experi- 
ence in  insurance  matters,  and  whatever  they  lacked  in  knowledge  they 
m.ule  up  in  impudence  and  avarice. 

Tliev  recommended  all  manner  of  risks,  and  would  have  insured 
puwdi  ''  mills  it  tliev  had  toiind  anv.  In  addiiioii  to  all  this,  main'  ol 
the  app'ii  ;mts  were  worthless  and  irresponsible,  and  \\hen  assessments 
v,  <  !".•  made  upon  them,  thev  <  ouli!  not  be  <  ollected.  The  premium  note 
w.is  a  lien  upon  the  real  estate  of  the  insured,  but  ver\  otten  prior  en 
<  umbrances  swallowed  up  the  whole  value.  The  agents  themselves 


I  H 1      I :  \  \ k  >    "|      1 !  I  i  I \ . 


Ami  when  A--e--ineiit-  were  .  o!!e.  te.i 
/'of   WAIlt    ot   Hie  in-  t.i   ji.iy    the     '  -.   t 

their  own  .  re.lit.  A-  imlu  I'lu.t!  t  iti/en 

purpose,   With    A   hope   .1!    lie;n_   :e    eMll) 
The  As-esculent-  were  in.i.le  '.  er\    i:. 
were  iiisiiltu  ;enl  to  pa\   ;.  >--e-  ami  r\p! 
Amount-    oi    tile    io--e-    uere    p.t:>i    \<\ 
Liter  oli,    Asse--ment-    were    m.iile    '. .ir 
members  .  oni|uA;ne.l  Aiul  111.11; \'  -iiirre 
In  f  his  ci  mi  i.!  :•  in  ot  things  the  <lire< 
]'An\   wlu-n.  in  the  t'al!  oi   iS;fi.   \I:     \\ 
Appoint e. i  -e.  ret .ir\    in  h, i-  -teA. i. 

r.i  •'  \  it  A!;!  \  em  »i_h  in  the  ..'•:.  e;:: 
with  A!!  it-  <•)!<:  Tr>  Millie-  .  in  ';IA:I.  i.  A;;. 
,\A-  i  omp.-!hii  :..  wimi  up.  Mr.  J..1 
attorney  o  j  the  t  . .  i  n  p  A  n  \  i  o  i  i  •  i  i  e .  t  : !  1 1 
tie-.  M.inv  i  n  em  i  i  ei'-  ii.iii  to  lie  -Met!, 
to  ]  .A  V  Ail.  i  M"  ne.ir!  \'  All.  the  ;  in  lc-1  >teili 


I  111      I    \  k  \l  )    K->'    Ml     I  I     \  !       I;  I    I    !  1    I       ! 

I-  notA'littin  institution,  hut   it  I 
•'•.!  ;u   i^;^  AIM!  iv  ir  —  im/ni  ,nu 
;  n  -  '.  i  r  e  1  1  ;  .  i  ;•  n  i   |  .  r  o  j  1  1  •  r  !  \    to    1  1  1  <  •    A  :  i 
.tin!  i>  ..Mi   ,,r  ,!,-!,:.  with   nin.U  ..i 
'!';:••     ire-cnt  •  .!!u  efs  .ire 


\H  ,,;  ui,oni    in     i!>  • 
K,|.  II.  >u.in.|...  .  Clint.  'ii 
1).  .1.  N.-ikirk.  \'.-nii  .-. 
.lame-  I.ntt.  l.ili.Tf,  . 
Ma.lis..n  l-'iiieli.  I'.!  .....  M. 
.l.ihn  Neikirk.  A-IAIII-. 

It-  oi/erAti.  'i,  -  Are  <  < 


54-  HISTORY    OF    SKNIX'A    COUNTY. 

Til  I  IN    Mril'AI.   All)  1. 1  IT.    INSfKANtT.   CO11J\\NY 

\\'as  organi/ed  on  the  .i^d  of  January.  i<S;S. 

President     \V.  1'.  Noble. 

Vice-President     .John   lloiick. 

Treasurer     F.d.  .Jones. 

Secretary  and  (iciieral  .Manager     A.  L.  Flack. 

Counselor     Andrew  . I.  Brickner. 

Medical  Mxaniiner     Dr.  K.  .1.  .McColluin. 

The  association  has  issued  over  one  thousand  policies,  is  in  a  flourish 
in»;  condition  and  is  very  carefully  conducted. 

1NI>KI'KNI)KNT    OKl'KR    OK    ODD     K  K  I  .LOWS. 

Seneca  lodge  No.  35  was  instituted  under  its  charter  February  Joth, 
184^,  by  District  Deputy  Grand  .Master  Joel  Searles.  of  Columbus  lodge 
No.  g.  assisted  by  S.  II.  Bradley,  I',  G..  of  Morning  Star  lodge  No.  26, 
Medina.  Ohio.  Applicants  for  the  charter  present  were:  H.  G.  \V. 
Cronise.  K.  R.  MiMeens.  James  Sivils,  B.  1 ).  ( 'hapnian.  '['.  H.  Sheldon, 
J.  Oyler.  who  jiroc-eeded  to  elect  the  following  officers,  vi/: 

X.  <;.— T.  II.  Sheldon. 
V.  (i.  -B.  1).  Chapman. 
Secretar\  -    II.  (i.  W.  Cronise. 
Trt'asurer— James  Sivils. 

Thereupon  the  officers  were  installed,  and  the  following  named  per- 
sons were  initiated,  vi/:  }ohn  K.  McCormack,  N.  Redd,  \\".  P.  Noble. 
Rolla  lohnson.  Two  hundred  and  eights-nine  persons  have  been 
initiated  in  this  lodge. 

Its  present  officers  are: 

N.  <i.      II.  .1.  VVeller. 
V.  (..    -I',  (i.  (.reis. 
P.  Secretary     Sharon  C.   Lambei'son. 
Treasurer     Samuel   Strieker. 

Trustees     Lev!  Weirick.  I).  C.  Tunison.  Sliaron  C.  Lambersoii. 
Meets  Monday  nights. 

i  )A  KI.FA'     l.i  >|  H  ,K     Nl'Mi:i;K    317. 

I>atc  of  its  cliartcr.   |une  10.   i^S7- 

The  following  were  the  charter  members:  !•'.  Don  Benham.  lohn  T. 
Huss.  J.  W.  Miller.  I..  M.  Loomis,  T.  II.  Bagle\ .  T.  W.  (  Mirand.  B. 
Pennington,  F.  (1.  P.owe.  |ohn  Poorman.  John  V..  M«-( 'ormack. 

The  lir^t  otticer^  ol  the  lodge   were: 

N.  (i.     .!.  T.    Huss. 
V.  (,.     -1.  W.  Miller. 
Secretar\      B.  I'enniimloii. 
Treasui'e]-     T.  1 1 .  1 5agle\ . 


Thi-  present  <'t"nVers    u  e : 
N.I,.     S.  A.  Fast. 
V.  (,.     ( 'harlrs  Fnist. 

>fi •!!•!. n \    i!.  ivmmr_rt"n. 

Tn-asin  IT     S.  t  'li.uiiln'i  lain. 
Present     num'oer    ill     !nc!n'M:>. 
seventy   e;.Jn. 

Mr, MX.    I-;.   (,.    pM.we.    P..     I', •;-.;!. n- 
dele-ates   to   tlu-   -rand    h>d_;e. 

<  >ne  retnarkuble  (ire  inn-tan'  c    < 

tluit    Mr.     \'>.    iVnmnu'i  m    ha^   ln-cii     ;I-    M-itr!.u\    ii.i!  : 

now  iuMr!\    !ucnt\    thrcr    \  c.n  t. 

M  cet-  <  >n  >.itunLi\   r\  nun.;. 

11'  >|:  \  II      IN'     V  \ir\t  I    N  I      N  i    Ml    I    }•:     I  «; 

\\  a,  instituted  liv   Mark  'laylor,  ('.rand   I'a'.nan  ii.     N»\  «-nili«.-r 
The  rhartcr  nu'inlK'rs  were:    H.  ( 1.  \N  .  ( 'rnm-f.  ( ienr^e  kiiu[>) 
Ucnluim.  I..  M.  I.<...inis.  \V.    I1.    \..lik-.    Ki.  hard  \\  ;ii;an.s.  K.-l 
M  'ii.   |ohn  (  i .  l!re-lin. 

The  t'li'M  nttii  er>  ele<  ted  and  in-tailed  the  --.tine  evening  \\er 

( 'ii  id'  I 'at  i  iaivh      1 1 .  < ..  \V.  <  'n>iiisc. 
1 1  iurli  1'ricst      I".  1  >"!i  r.fiitiain. 
^i-iiim-  \\  ai'li-n     i  ,r<>!  •_'<•    K  nii|-i'. 
.1  iininr  \\'ai  'li-n     .1.  ilin  <  • .  1  '.i  ••-.lin. 
Si-rilif     I.'i'-liai'l   Williams. 
Trciisiirn-     KI  ilia  .l»hn-'  'ii. 

'1  he   present   '  'tin  er-  are : 

( 1 1  aii'l  Iv't'i'.     ^i-inlilt-r  ( 'liainl'fi  lain. 

I>istri<-i   I)i-|nit\  drainl  I'.itnai'li     .1.  \\     l,"\c. 

<hitl    1'at  i  laifli     .1'  'lin    l-'.i  list. 

1 1  luh   1  'i  i'-st      >.  ( 'liainl't-rlain. 

•M-iii'  ii    \\  ai  'i'-n     >aiiiiirl  ->i  i  irkt-r. 

.1  UIM<  T  \\  ai'li-n      I '.   1 1 .  i  •  ivis. 

S.-ritu-     .1.   \V.   I...M-. 

Trcasinrr     II.  < '.  ^iiiinlli-r. 

[•'il'sl    Wittrh      .l"srpii    Si-relirist. 
Sfei.li.l   \\  .it'll       \\  .    t'npl'. 

Thinl  \\  al'-h     .1.  U'.  I. -n. 

| ',  Hirl  !i  Wati-li      1 1 .  I  •  ii'_'_r'  nlii'Mii. 

(  )      v  ;         ||      .  I  .    x  ;  ,  ,  i  /  ,  •  1 1 1  1. 1 ,  • !  i  . 

i .  s,  \\  jil  jam  |  ''>  niMiu'. 
Fir-!  i-.  ..t.  I  .  I'-,  /nil. 
>,-,  Mini  (  .  .  .  'I  .  T.  \.n<  in  K  :  -a'l'  i  . 

Present   nninlier  »'  '  "ii" :  .  1  >i; ;  ;nr  inen.l-er  -. 

Meets    1  r;da\    n:-hl. 


344  HISTORY    OK    SKXECA    COUNTY. 

KNKiHTS    OF    PYTHIAS. 

Tiffin  lodge  No.  80,  \\-\\-.  organi/ed  January  i2th,  1874,  when  the  fol- 
lowing officers  were  installed  by  Mr.  fames  A.  Swoope,  (iruml  Chan- 
cellor, vi/  : 

i'ast  Chancellor     ('..).  Yinuling. 

( 'hancellor  Commander     11.  L.  Steckel. 

Vice  Chancellor    .James  Smith. 

Prelate  —A.  M.  Campbell. 

.Master  of  Fxchequer   -Ph.  Kiuicli. 

Master  of  Finance-    Harry  Lut/.. 

Kefpcr  of  IJecoi'd  and  Seal     ('.  -I.  V  inirliny;. 

Master  of  Arms  -John  Sohn. 

Inner  (riianl-   .).  A.   Flack. 

Outer  l.uard     -I.  \V.   Love. 

The  lodge  numbers  now  sixty  active  members,  and  is  in  a  llourishin^ 
condition. 

The  present  officers  are: 

l'a>t  ( 'hancellor     ( ).   P.  Siixder. 

('liaiirt'lltir  Commander     K.  \\".  Sie\eiison. 

\"ire  Chancellor     I".  Clary. 

Prelate     A.  M.  Hart. 

Ma>ter  of  Kxchrqiier     ( ).  P.  Frees. 

Master  of  Finance     .James  \V.  Love. 

Master  of'  A rm>     \\'.  S.  \Vineland. 

1  nner  ( iiianl      Fd.  Fry. 

(  Miter  ( iiianl     ( )scar  Fraley. 

Meeting^  Tuesday   night. 

(Irand  lodge  Knights  of  Pythias  meets  at  1 'avion  May  241)1.  251)1  and 
:C>th.  i.SSo. 

K N 1 1 ; H  i  s  or   HONOR. 

Tiffin  lodge  No.  Sj  was  chartered  l-'ebruary   151!!.  1875. 
It^  first  officers  were: 

I  Jictator     ( 'harles  Martin. 

Vice  I  Mctator     l-'red.  K.  Ualderinan. 
A>si>tanl  Dictator     15.  (,.   Atkin>. 
llepoiic]-     ( ,.  K.  P.n.wii. 
Trea>urer     P.  Sdieih. 
<  'haplain 

I 1  uide     I ).  ^' .  ( 'liajniian. 
iriianlian 

Sentinel-    ('.('.  I'arks. 

Present  officers  for    1880. 

Dictator     -I.  A.  Hall. 

Yi<v  Dictator     P.  .1.  Wilson 


I  HI       >t»l   IK  I  IKS     Ml       I  II  I  1  S.  ;  ;;, 


A--IM  nit  !),••!  u..r     l"iv  I.  Ni.-..|;n. 

II  '|"'irt  T     .1  .  \\'.   (  'li.  nnln-rl.ini. 

Tr.M-.invr     i   .  t   .    I  ',u  k>. 

<  'naplaiii     .1  .  \V  .  Mt-ii'lt-iiliall 

'  -  ni'li-     IJ.  i  ,  .    Alk  MI-. 

1  '  ii.  u  .1:  in      I  '.  ^"In-ill. 

"•>  -Ml  iii"i      Tlncn.i^  (  •  r,nii|.>n  . 

\   ;  -a  '  i  •:  '  >'   :n  MI!)  T-,  '  >Vi-;r  \     i  v  •  .    pi  i  u  •  • 
I.  W.  I'li.iuiliiTl.iin.  Cliar'n--,   Marun,  !  r<-  i    K    il  •. 
U.   II.   Hall. 

Miv;^  .it   I)r*iitl   llaii  iir>t  .uvi  liuri!   M  >:nlt\    it. 


>nirr  iii    \1  1  -,>,!  ;nar;r>,  ainl  li.i>  r:^h:\    i.i'i!1 

I  '  -    !ll'^!     i  )  till    lT->    \V  (.'I'C 

^piril  u  i!  1  >iriM-ti  >v     !!••%.  M  .  II  ral\ 
1  'roidfiil      (  '.  -I  .  M  .  xul!i\  an. 
Vii-.-l'iv>i.  1ml      I'h.  I!.  Kin-. 
lii-i-Mi'ilini;  Sfi-ri-lar>     .1  .  A.  <  ""in  ",|. 
<  'iiiTr>p  milling  x..,-|-i'i  i!  \      .1  .  M  .     \  rn.ll  . 

rriM-iinT     T.  i-'.  WaNi. 
\I.ir>hai      \\  :  II  iani    K  iii^. 

l'!u-  prcM-n!  olli'  rr-  arr  : 
<|.irilual  I>nv,  1-1      i;  -\  .M.I  |.-al\  . 

i'|V-ii|''!ll        .1.     A.I  '.M.IH-n   i. 

\'  i'-t--  1  'ri-sjili-ni     Tiiniii  t-  I'li'  M'  >rn>. 
:t  -.-iii-ili  n-  <  'ci'i-i  u  \      I  '.  I  '.  K  '•!  \'-r. 
'  'niTt-sjiiiinliii-  ^  •  T.-t  ir>      i  '.  .1  .  M.    ^.i!  li\  an 
/r.-isiiivi-     T.  K.    \VaUli. 
\I  ir-hal     .l.ilni   T.  Kin- 
I'llc     s!  i!c     ii  ill\  rll'  .•  >'.}     'A   1-     !; 

inny  -<  >rirt  ;r>    UTIT  ri-jiri-^i-nici  !. 
i)  i\  r.  ii'ini!  n-i'>  >:\  liuii'  If'-.  1  -1  >•  .<''.. 
\I  •  -s  .U    K;\   •:  -.i-1"  h  i"  ::-• 


I  i  I   M  N      I  i  il  n  . 

\\'a^  or-ani/cil    .\iir:l    ;th,     1^5. •>. 
vi/. :    1;.   1  »i  m   lu-nhani.  \\';!l:ain  *  la'. 


HISTORY     OK    SF.XKCA    COUNTY. 

E.  15.  Searles.  Robert  (.'rum,  II.  C.  Spindler.  \V.  P.  Noble,  I.  A.  Hall. 
K.  VV.  Reeme.  I.eander  Stern,  and  continued  to  exist  as  Tiffin  lodge 
until  October  i(>th,  [«So(>,  when  the  two  lodges  were  consolidated  under 
the  name  of  Tiffin  lodge  No.  77. 

The  following  brethren  served  as  officers  in  Sandusky  lodge  No.  77 
from  the  date  of  its  charter  until  the  present  writing  i  April  jo,  iSSo», 
as  follows: 

W.  M.: 

K.  W.  Kei'J.  from  1*4:.'  to  l*4n  inclusive. 

Robert  ('rum.  from  l*">n  to  l*-">^  inclusive. 

.!.  F.  McCormack.  from  !*.">*  to  isiil  inclusive. 

Henry  Kuliii.  from  l*f,:Mo  l*f>:',  inclusive. 

C.  C.  Park,  from  lsf.4to  ls<>s  inclusive. 

A.  II.  livers,  from  fsti'.t  to  1*71  inclusive. 

(..  K.  lirowu.  from  l*7:Mo  1*7:!  inclusive. 

.1.  P.  Kiiniaman.  from  1*74  to  l*7f>  inclusive. 

.1.  W.  Chamberlain,  from  1*77  to  1*7*  inclusive. 

I).  V.  Chapman,  from  1*7U  to  1**<»  inclusive. 

Secretaries: 

Joseph  Walker.  1*4± 

F.  W.  (ireen.  frojn  1*4:'.  to  1*47  inclusive. 

(i.  .1.  Keen.  1*4*. 

II.  W.  Owen.  1*H». 

.1.  P.  Pillars.  ls.-,n. 

T.  C.  Tunison.  1*~>1. 

11.  U'illiams.  I*-»L'. 

(•.  F.  Sene\ .  Is.").-;. 

.lames  Pelan.  l*-~>4. 

.1.  d .  Kennedy.  1*-V). 

(ieorge  II .  Ileming.  1*~>'>. 

.1.  M.  Stevens.  1*.">7. 

M.  1 1 .  <  'hurch.  l*o*. 

.1.  D.  Arndt.  ls.v. i. 

I..  M.  I.oomis.  from  l*tin  to  fsii:;  inclusive. 

.).  d.  (iross.  from  l*f>4  t(^  l*f>7  inclusive. 

Charles  Martin,  from  isf.s  to  Is7u  inclusive. 

.1.  II.  Frost.   1  sf.li. 

15.  <  i .  Atkins,  from  ]s71  to  1*7">  inclusive,  and  1*7^. 

N.  N.  Speilman.  from  1^71;  to  1^77  inclusive. 

.).  F.  McCoi-mack.  from  Is7'.i  to  ls»o  inclusive. 

I  1 1  i  IN     I.ODCK     M  Mi:i.l<    ,)-O. 
\\  .  M.: 

Robert  Crum.  from  1>")^  to  Isf.u  inclu>ive. 
D.  F.  I)e\\'olt.  fVom  lsi;i  to  1st;:;  inclusi\e. 
A.  T.  P,arnes.  from  Isf.l  to  1  *''>•">  inclusi\ c. 
F.  K.  Franklin.  l*'i*;. 


Scrrrt.incs: 

.1.  ( , .  K<  nm-'l\  .  I--.'.'. 
K.  \\  .  Ur.-mi-.  ISM.. 
1..   A. Iain-,  !-'•!. 
A.  'I',  [latiii-s.   Isi;^. 

K.  I.N.-lr.  l-'.t  ami  1-. -.. 
( ,.  1'.  llnt/ri  .  1 -.'.. 

SI  MM    \     i   H  \  I'  I  I   K     \  I    MI   I   !•     .1  „• .     !'.      \  . 

\\ \i-   or-ani/ed    K-bruan    ;th,    i*\<>.   \>\    _la.--»'..    (\r->:\.    \l    1 
with  the  t'i  >H,  .\viiu  '  h.iriiT  nu-iiiix-'r-.   \ 

AlcxamliT  Smith,  |n-i-(ih    M«  i   'iv  :i- . -:i.  A_:  \ 

lle!i!'\    Knlin.   l\nl.(.-rt  ('rum.  1'cU-r  \  .111:1 
Hi-h   l'nr-t-: 
K.  \V.  IJ.-nl.  1st". 

(  .  K .  Wat -ni i.  t'lcni  \^~>-  t»  1^-M.  ami  t'riim  I-'.'.  :••  I-'.1'   im  In-!' 
II.  Knlin.  KV-.  K')7.  KV.i.  l-.;n.  Is.,].  !-.,_'.  ami  1-',,. 

.1.  I-;.  MrCur-aiark.  KV.'. 

< . .  \\  .  Sam) '-"ii.  l-ti-'i. 

«  '.  (  .   I'ark.  l-7n.  1-71 .  ami  l-7l'. 

.1 .   \\  .  <  'hainl'fi  lain.  1-7:'..  1  -7  L  ami  1-7  >. 

<   .   1  ».   1  >a\  i-.  !-7'i  ami   1^77. 

.1 .  1'.  K  innaman.  1  -7-  ami  I  -7''. 

( 'harlcs  Martin.   1—". 


.).  S.  IJarlHT.  l-.,n. 

II.   \>.  ( 'i  inn.  !>-"•! . 

II.  \\  .  (  )\\fii.  KVJ. 

T.   \\  .  l',.)\cc.  !>-">:;  ami  1^.1. 

N.   I,'.  Km  it/.  KVi. 

II.  Nnl.lf.  1-.V1. 

.1.  I-:.  M.-r.innai-k.  !-•<'. 

( i .  \\  .  --.imp-i'n  .  1  *'•-  ami  I  •*'••'•. 

.).  I ,.  (.K--.  !-'.->.  I"'.",  ami    l-'7. 

( 'harlc-  Mailin.  l-''s.  l-';i    .""I  I  ~7" 

.1.   II.   l-'r..-t.    1-71  ami   1-7'J. 

.1.  M.  Mi-vcn-.  1-^7...  1-71.  ami  1-7  .. 

.laiiic-  Mniih.  1^7-..  1-77.  l-7v  ami  1-71 


34"  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

Murquardt.  A.  H.  Byers,  J.  (',.  dross,  Jonathan  Smith,  Peter  Vannest. 
Fvan  Dorsey,  11.  11.  Soiuler. 

T.  I.   Masons: 

('.  K.  U'atson.  lsi;7  and  Isns. 

('.('.  I 'ark.  1st;! i  and  Issu. 

A.  II.  Byers.  Is7ti  and  1S71. 

Charles  .Martin.  from  isTi'to  ls7!i  inclusive. 

Recorders: 

<;.  K.  Brown,  from  1st  17  to  Is7i_'.  and  from  Is7-">to  ls7i>  inclusive. 

•  I.  M.  Stevens,  is":1,  and  Is74. 

.1.  \V.  Chamberlain.  Is77.  Is7s.  177!t.  and  Issd. 

1H.    MOLAV    COMMANDKKV     NT.MMKR    (),     K.NK1HTS    TKM  I'l.ARS. 

U'as  organi/ed  at  Republic  August  loili.  1848.  with  the  following  char- 
ter members,  vi/:  Josiah  Rooj).  Job.n  P.  \Vorstell.  II.  llenton.  I'latt 
Benedict.  Daniel  Watersons,  Daniel  ISrown,  Hiram  Humphrey.  M.  Y. 
ISogart.  Mdward  \\iuthrop.  Jl.  I,.  Harris. 

It  remained  at  Republic  until  February  24th.  1X69.  when  the  first 
meeting  was  held  at  Tiffin,  where  it  has  remained  ever  since. 

Kminent  ( 'ommanders: 

Kdward  Winllirop.  iVom  Is4s  to  ].s")l  inclusive. 

I'latt  Benedict,  from  1s-~>:;to  ls.">7  inclusive. 

M.  \'.  Bogart.  from   |s.>  to  Isii-t  inclusive. 

II.  Bromley,  from  Isr..")  to  1^7(1  inclusive. 

.1.  \V.  Cliamlierlain.  1^71.  Is7i!.  IsT'i.  Is77.  l>7s.  and  ISSK. 

('.  ('.  I'ark.  1^7:;.   1^71.  Is7.r>.  and  Is7!i. 

Recorders: 

II.  I'.  Beiitim.  ls|s  and  ls-i!t. 

K.  T.  ^tickney.  from  ls.~,i/to  ls")4.  and  from  Isnc,  to  |si;7. 
.1 .  S.  Smith.   Is.V). 

II.  Bromle\  .  from  1  •*•">!•  to  1^»;4  inclusive. 
I).  M.  Xeikirk.  from  isf.sto  1^7:.'  inclusive. 
.1.  M.  Stevens,  from  1S7.".  to  ]S7"). 
I{.  Lysle.  Is7'.i  and  LSSII. 

All  these  Masonic  bodies  meet  at  Masonic  hall,  in  the  third  story  of 
(Iross's  block,  corner  Perry  and  U'ashington. 

Stated  meetings  are  held  as  follows: 

Tiffin  I.odgeNo.  77  — First  and  third  Tuesday  evenings  of  each  month. 

Seneca  Chapter  No.  42—   First  Friday  of  each  month. 

Clinton  Council  No.  47— Second  Monday   evening  of  each  month. 

De  Molay  Commandery  No.  9 — Fourth  \\edncsday  evening  of  each 
month. 

ST.    JOHN'S    IIKNF.VOM  \T    SOCIKTY 

\\"as  orurani/ed  March    28th.    1868,    bv    Michael  Kirchner,  John  Houck 


.m<l  Paul  \.illinct,  uht>  i  allol  thi    In--!  !;HT:::>^        I'hr 

I'lV.-iilrlll      Ili'Ill    I"'. M"    |v7-          \|      KinliMi-l. 
V  ice-  I'lrMiIi-nt        A  .   .1  .    lincklifl  . 
SnTrtar>       (  .rol '_'''    ^pir-. 
TrcaNiuvr      A  Html   K  iirl'lt-i  . 

I   lie    I  iIVM'Ilt    i  ittli   (.T*.    .l!V 
I  'roidrlil        K  railed    \\  ;|-nc|  . 

\  ice- 1  'rf>iilctil     .li >lin  1'ilii'fiii'rii'il. 

< 'iirn-sjiDtiiliiii;  S»M-rct;ir>      \\'.  "«tcll/«-i . 

l-'in;uici;il  Sci-!ft;u\      I'lnlln-i !   I  Imick. 

'l'i'ra>nriT     I  .i  nii>  I   Irich . 

hin-ctor-,     A.  .1.  lirickiiri .  .Inlni    |-;\\;il.t.  1'i-ti-i   I  'M.IH.MI  !i 


(  '<nnit  \    I  >rli"j;atr     .Inlni  l\  .  Itrc^iijn. 
I  'l  f>i(!r]il      .Inliii    I,\Mii>. 

X'ii-i-l'ivsiilnit    'I'.  T.  r,.iiin>. 
Ui-ct  inline  Si-fi-ctar>      \\'  i!!iam  I  lui  K< 
l-'inancial  Scc|-ftai'\      .laim-^  1  !!akr. 
Trca-'iirfi'      U  illiani  C<>\\  lun^l  . 


<  'mini  \    i  )rli"_r.il.-     .lain.--  lllaki-. 
I'iv.>i.  It-iil     T.  T.  Cullin.-. 
\'  ice-  1  'i  >--ii|i-nl      .lain'--  \\  iiali-n. 
Urcuril  inur  >''ci'i-tai'\      \\ill:.  mi  I'.nik 


'  1  i  i !  -,  i  >  .1  (  i  i  •  r  1 1 1 . 1 1 1    i  i  i  •>  t  i  t  u  I  ;  '  i  M    c  \  i  ' ' 
jijtli    DI      \|>r;l.     i  ~-^>>.       I  !n'    i  :..n  :  •• 

tiTinilt  li.fi  iicnilu-!    I  I  '•!  •<•:  .   I>:;-.M:;:!;   ' 
Tli <.•><•  c : ..  hi  nil']]  mi-:  \\ ;: h  ni1:-  '••.  <'..''.'.<   \ 


5°  HIS  TORN'     01      SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

The  ]  >rcsent  officers  arc: 

draml  Ollieers     (ieor^e  A.  Lautermilcli.  I).  I),  d.  A. 
IJepresental i\ e     .lds»'i>li  Meyer. 

Officers  of  Humbolt  drove  No.   15.  I'.  A.  ( ).  I).: 

\.  A.     Clirist.  Tmtlie. 
\\  .  A.     Frederick  Schrike!. 
Secretary     Cliarles  ^'llllu;. 
Treasurer     -I.  I".  Mtesliin^er. 
Inner  ( iiianl     August    Dressel. 
Outer  (iuai'd     Matliias  I't'eifer. 
Trustees-    J5altliasar  AVaelllini;.  Henry   Leinp.  .lulm 


THE    HKNt  H    AND    HAK. 


CHAPTER   XXII. 

w 


N  tlie   I  1 1  MI.   I'.}  K- iuv  i  i    I  a  lie  u.i-  ].n--:t|«Mit 

in     Ni.ru. ilk.    In-    <  ;r<  uil    etnlM'.u  e«l    the 
il'  (  >hio.    Mli  ludin.:    I  I  ::t'i  Ml.   u  i;..  1. 

The  fir-',   i  '  Mir  t   u  a-  held   ::.    I'itlili.  i  •!)  thf    i  -'th  da\ 
i're-eiit:     11.    I.ane.     I'rc-ulf  nt     h'.il^e:    \\.11:. in,    (  '. 
Irirt.  Ma1  the \v  (  "lark.    \>-o,  lue   I  i'L          N     tl   M    <  .  tp:  • .  .  < 

1    nder  the  old  .  on-t  itut  ion   *  M   <  'hin  i  ierk-  •  M'  liu 
tnurt  u  ere  aj>|nMn!ed    \>\    the    iud.;e-    tliereu;.        I  In-    ri'L<- 
were  elei  ted  l>y   the   If  i^i-hit Ul'e   IMF  -e\  en    \ear-. 

The    fir-t    hiwver    whu   -ettied    in   l«ir:    I'-ah    wa-      M:     K     I  »:.  k 
-ke'i  li  nt  whnst.    lite  appear-  el-euhfif.      \!;.   A     K.iu> 
lawvfr  who  made  hi-hiMiie  here.       \lv.   h.ik.n-..;.  M  ui  t.vd  \>':'.  a  -h.or 
time  in  Tittin.  trom    sviiem  e    he  nio\ed  to   I  o\\r;    •s. .;.,'.  ..N\         \l:     K.ivs 
-iMi  remained  here  the   re-!  ot    h;-  l;te. 

The  lir-i  -e--;on  ,M    the  >upreme  <  •••:; :   :• 
I  -il\ .    i  'S-'L  I'rti  Me   j-u  ..;,   I  ;•:: :;.  ;•    a!.. :    i  •  1; 

i'lil^f  s.        Ihe  ne\i   term     u  a-    ii(-i.  •  '    a  .1       .1:1 

K.    -i.e:man. 

I  he  n;dj  '.    ' 


}5-'  HISTORY    OF    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

ot  his  early  recollections  of  frontier  practice,  but  said  in  a  note  of  the 
icth  of  February,  1880.  to  the  writer:  "At  the  age  of  87  my  memory 
is  not  retentive,  but  1  will  comply  with  your  request  as  best  I  can  in 
due  time:  at  present  my  whole  time  is  occupied  with  business. 

J.    I'lRDY." 

The  record  of  the  lives  of  these  gentlemen,  their  practice,  and  inci- 
dents connected  therewith,  the  scenes  they  participated  in.  and  the 
events  that  transpired  in  their  time  would  make  a  highly  interesting 
book,  and  the  writer  had  intended  to  write  out  sketches  ot  some  of 
them,  but  to  keep  this  book  within  the  limits  marked  out  for  it.  he 
must  abstain.  I  will  say.  however,  that  Mr.  Coffinberry  (Count  Coffin- 
berry  as  he  was  familiarly  called)  was  the  most  remarkable  figure  of 
them  all.  In  appearance  he  was  the  very  image  of  Oliver  Goldsmith. 
He  had  large  features  and  a  very  striking  appearance;  he  shaved 
smooth  and  his  face  carried  a  smile  mixed  with  sarcasm.  He  was 
learned  and  wittv.  a  good  historian  and  exceedingly  entertaining  n 
conversation.  -He  was  a  natural  poet  and  published  one  of  his  poems 
called  "  The  Forest  Ranger''  in  book  form.  Selah  Chapin  settled  here 
in  the  law  practice  at  an  early  day:  also  Mr.  Curtis  Hates  and  Mr. 
loshua  Seney.  Sidney  Smith.  William  W.  Culver,  John  J.  Steiner  and 
others.  |ohn  K.  Gibson,  a  promising  young  man.  and  older  brother 
°f  General  Gibson,  was  the  first  law  student  in  Mr.  Rawson's  office  in 
Tiffin.  lie  died  before  he  was  admitted  to  practice. 

The  writer  became  associated  with  the  profession  when  he  coin- 
in  enced  reading  law  in  Tiffin,  in  1840.  and  having,  for  forty  years,  been 
in  daily  intercourse  with  legal  gentlemen,  and  amongst  whom  he  counts 
his  warmest  and  best  friends,  it  would  be  a  very  great  pleasure  to  re- 
member them  all  and  make  a  pen-picture  of  each  one:  but  tor  the 
reason^  already  assigned  a  lew  only  are  sketched  to  any  length. 

I  luring  a  number  of  years,  when  ludge  Fane  and  Judge  Reuben 
Wood  were  on  the  supreme  bench  together,  they  took  for  their  part  ot 
the  work  the  northwestern  part  of  Ohio.  They  formed  a  wondeYful 
c  ontrast  on  the  bench.  ludge  Fane  was  a  very  short,  compactly  built 
man:  was  near-sighted,  had  small  black  eyes,  wore  spectacles,  had 
bla'  k  hair.  \vhi<  h  he  brushed  straight  down  over  his  forehead,  and 
when  he  run!  he  held  the  book  or  paper  close  to  his  nose.  He  was  a 
rapid  talker  and  exceedingly  active.  ludge  \\ood  was  a  six  footer: 
v  er\  straight:  had  large  forehead,  light  brown  hair,  brushed  over  to 
the  right  side:  had  large  blue  eyes,  a  large  tleshy  nose,  clenched  lips. 
dee]i  anil  sonorous  voice:  spoke  slowly  and  very  impressively:  thus  the}' 
formed  a  sinking  (-ontrast  in  their  personal  appearance  on  the  bench. 


They  sven-  both  »n  the  bem  h   <n   I  o\\r:   .viudusks  .    .•:.  :'.• 

i^.jj.  wli'.-n     ludgc    I  ..UK-  .1  dm.".;  -'ered  :!;< 

him    to     [>r.ii  tii  <•    law         I  !u  -       '  ,\   .    ;;:>U--- 

dis  ided  hv  the  dci  isioiis    thes   dciis'-red        lud_;e  \\  •  <»\    ': 

nearly    all    the    innnnal    matter-.,  sshiie     !•:.!_••   I  .HIT    .jn    , 

cases,  as  a  genera!    thin.;,       I  here    ss.ts  a  i  crt.un  decree  .,;  .is\<  .  .::i] 

ance  ami  ilignity  atlai  heil    to    tin-   hem  h    in    tln^e    ila\>.  tiia;    !ii-  v  ... 

i^hed,  to  a  very  great  extent.  ^;n<  e  the  |inlge>  are  ein  tr.j  \>\  it..-  j.i-.ip_.. 

ami  tlie  ottiee  ha>  become,  at  lea->t.  <jiia>i   |n.!iii(  al, 

'1'he  lion.  I  >a\  ill  1  I  iggin->  -u<  <  ceiled  I  ;u!ge  Lane  on  the  i  •  itnii:  m  t«le.is 
bench  and  hi>  iurisdii  tion  at  first  extended  all  user  the  i.  •>:'!>,«  e-%t  o! 
(  Hiio.  llewa>  siii  eeeded  b\  the  lion  <>/ia^  I'.owen.  o!  N!  .1:  .1  >n.  s\  iu> 
held  his  first  court  in  Tittin,  on  the  jd  »;  \',ir;l.  i  ^  Vs  ''  -  1'1''-1  '•'• 
tli>trict  \va>  then  <  oin  j.o>ed  « >1  tin- 1  i  mnt  K •-  i  •'  M  .11 . •  'ii.  <  r  .•. \s  !•  •:  <  i .  1 1  <\-  <  Hi. 
Seneca,  Sandusky.  lirie.  and  later,  \\sando;. 

ludge   I'.osven's  time  expired  svith  the  old  i  on^i/.ut ion. 

The  first   legislature    under    the    ness    and    prescitj  i...        .-•;:  ..;-..  \\':;.,!. 
dis'ided  the  state  into  indii  ;al  dis;r;<  ts.  t;\ed    upon  n,:,e  .i> 
and    designated    them.      These    were  :h"n  d;s:dci  ':d; 

(iiits,    the    following   (ounties  constituting    \':~.<-  iii's1.    «    : 
I'reble.    I  larke.     Montgomery,    Miami,    ('hampaign.      \\  <          •••.,. 

Oreene.  Clark.  Shelby.  Auglai/e,    Mini.   Hard::!.   I  o^.m.  I  .Ma: 

Men  er.    \  an     U'ert.    I'utn.un.     1'atiiding.    I  »et"ia:n  e 
I'tilton.    \Vooil,    Sene<  a,    llancoik.  \V\andot     au.i    (    :a.sio 
(  ;H  ui's  made  one  tor  ea<  h  siipreiiu-  ;ud^e.      >ome  : 
after  the  supreme   judges  ss'ere    bs    law  e\i  i;-e.!  troin  at: 
<  in  uits. 

1  n     i  S5  ;    the    nine    judii  ial    d:-:r;i  ts  svi  : 
was   put    into   the    third     sub   ii;\  ;-;.  -n     «:     '. 
third     sub  dis  ]  ,i«  ill     sva  -     i  •  iMijM  .  ••  d     o-     •'•: 
11  uv  D.      .    \\  van.!..:      i:n!    <    rasx:..;-,:        1       \\        i  !  . 


3^4  Ill.sloKY     Ul      SKNia.A     OU'NTY. 

Senev  was  elected  judge,  anil  about  the  time  his  term  expired,  the 
legislature  changed  th.e  district. 

(  )ii  {'he  Sth  D|"  April.  i.S^S.  an  act  was  passed  creating  the  tenth  judi- 
cial district  and  changing  the  sub-division,  of  which  Seneca  was  a  part. 
I'.y  this  act  the  tenth  judicial  district  was  composed  ot  the  counties  ot 
I.ucas.  \\'ood.  Seneca.  Crawford.  Hancock.  Wyandot  and  Putnam. 
The  counties  of  Seneca.  Crawford  and  Wyandot  were  made  the  third 
division.  l-'our  days  thereafter  another  act  was  passed  attaching  Lucas 
to  the  fourth  district  and  making  Seneca  county  the  first  sub-division 
of  the  tenth  district.  Wvandot  and  Crawford  the  second  and  Hancock. 
Wooil  and  Putnam  the  third  sub-division,  leaving  Judge  Seney  in  this 
county.  Seneca  being  then  a  sub-division. 

Judge  Whitely's  time  expired  in  1X61  and  he  was  re-elected  in  the 
then  third  sub-division.  |osiah  S.  Plants  was  elected  in  the  second 
sub-division  in  the  fall  of  i.^X.  In  the  fall  of  186,.  Judge  Plants,  while 
out  in  Indiana  hunting  prairie  chickens,  was  mortally  wounded  by  the 
accidental  discharge  of  a  gun.  lie  was  brought  home  to  die:  and 

<  >hio  lost  one  ot  her  brightest,  best  and  most  promising  young  men. 

I'idge  Plant's  term  had  nearly  expired  when  he  died.  Nobody  was 
appointed  to  till  his  place. 

L1.  the  tall  of  iX(>_!,  and  shortly  before  the  expiration  of  his.  term  of 
o'ti'  e,  I'idge  Senev  went  to  war  with  the  loist  regiment  (  ).  Y.  I.  as  its 
« j'lartermaster. 

'  'n  the   is!  day    o!    May.  1X02.  another  act    was  passed  abolishing  the 
:h    district   and    re-organi/ing  the   third    district    thus,  vi/:    first   sub 
ision.  Logan.  Lnion,  Marion:    second    sub -di\  ision.   Auglai/e.  Allen. 
Mercer.    \an    \Vcrt,    Putnam:    third    sub-division.     I'aulding.     Defiance. 
^  iliiums.  1'ultoii.  Henry  and  Wood:    fourth    sub  division.  Seneca.  Han 

<  •  ck.  \\  \  an<  lot.    (  'rawford. 

i  nder  this  ad  \\hilely  remained  in  this  tourth  sub-division,  and 
Plants  also,  up  to  his  death:  so  that  now.  and  under  this  ad,  \\hitely. 
Metcalt,  1  ana.  Lawrence  and  Plants  were  the  judges  in  1X63.  Whitely 
.-•erving  in  the  -ci  < md  term. 

lln-    la>t    named    aci    pro\-ides     tor    an    eleition    to    be     held    in    this 
lourth   .ub-division    for   a    judge  in   1X00.      At  this  time    ludge  Whitely's 
pired.  and  Chester   K.    Mott  was  elected.       He  was  succeeded  by 
A.    \l.    l,n  kson.  wiio  resigned  hi-,  ottice.  and  Thomas  Peer  was  appoint 

•    Cosenior    to    nil  the    unexpired    term    of    Jackson,  and  at  the 

i''M  o;  :iii!  time      i  s-(,     was    elected    and    is    on    the  bench  now. 

have  trai  ed  the  time  ot    the    election  of  the  judges  in  regular 


1  >niL'i-  :n    s  -  77  :    Mi  (   an!'-\    in    iS;</ 

<  Mi  thr  7;!.  ii  i\  "t   IMIH-.  1*7'),  tin-  ••  •  OM«: 

[.,,.,,!  of   th,-  ,-,, untie-    of    Wood,    Han,., 

;;»••  iir-t  -::b  duiMon;    ( 'raw  lord,  Marion  . 
-ub  d:\i-;oti,  .IP.'!   I   nion  anil   l.o^an  to  be  tin-  t)i:t'ii    -':i«  >! 
'.i-nlh  ii:>tri<  t.        I  he  ac  t  authori/etl  an    clci  ':o;i  .,!    .1    :;;ii^i 
-•ill  <ii\'i>;on,    anil    in    I  )<  tob-T,     i  |S>7«;.    |oim    M <  <   an; c\  .   •  >: 
ricc'icil  iini'cr  tin-  ai  t   thr  lir-t   i'lil^c  ot  th<-   ncsv  -lib  ii;\,> 

IN  I  ki  )|il  '(•  |  i  >K\     NI  >  I  I  . 

Aii  imii\  Mnal  ot' low  extraction,  w  itho-u  n«Jtahle  ext  fi'.i 

tr.i!  ili-t;n<  tioii.  may,  by  ra>hiu's-    or    thr  capric  r  ol    tort:.: 
nil'n  ciu  ai  !:!<•,  rnu-nt-  and    trinpn:  .1 :  .  >\   a«i|inrc  an    rni:nri 
-01  ii.  ty .       1 1  i-  -!.»•<•  ess,  like  the  tra:;  -:l  ot  a  roinrt.  ma\   <i.i. 
'hy  thr  rapidiu   ami    iiitm-ity    ot    i;>   lirilliani  \      an-! 
i,. i  il'irablr  ::iijir«---  tor  'ho  ^ratitu  ation  ol  li;>  •'.  • 
.i'i\  am  rnn-nt  «•!    niank::nl.      S\n  h  !i!-tnr\ 
i  o  n  -  M  t  u  t  r  -    I  i  o    r '  • .    t ! ' ':  i  •    !  i  i  - .  -.    I  •  • :     ].!•'_:'•   .  \  i  •  . :  r. : ' .  r     • :  i 
,  i;  ii.\  :i!u.i!  ^t    II'.III'M'    iir._.i:.  a  i  id    ;.•:!..!;•-    ''.;r    •  •  •     '  '     • 


^5()  IIIMOKV     01      SI.M-XA    COr.NTV. 

mendable  position  in  society  and  the  attainment  of  moral,  intellectual, 
ami  religious  habits.  He  early  appreciates  the  necessity  of  self-reli- 
ance and  .self-exertion,  assured  that  a  praiseworthy  notoriety  and  an 
approving  conscience  can  be  acquired  and  perpetuated  only  by  secur- 
ing the  respect  and  confidence  of  the  good.  Therefore,  stimulated  by 
a  laudable  ambition,  and  hopeful  of  success,  he  cheerfully  combats 
adversity,  and  ultimately  acquires  and  retains  the  good  opinion  of  the 
community,  the  basis  of  his  usefulness  and  goal  of  his  ambition. 
Influenced  by  the  tenacity  of  his  purposes  and  stimulated  by  his 
example,  others,  and  especially  his  descendants,  will  be  naturally,  and 
yet,  perhaps,  unconsciously,  induced  to  eschew  the  illusions  of  evil  on 
the  one  hand,  and  cultivate,  on  the  other,  with  patient  assiduity,  the 
love  and  practice  of  virtue  as  the  only  thornless  pathway  to  happiness, 
distinction  and  success. 

LIKK  01     Al'.KI.   K.  \\VSON. 

'  Abriducil  I  rem  notes  wriitru  \>y  himself.] 

Abel  Rawson  was  horn  at  Warwick.  Massachusetts.  May  11.  17!ts;  the 
third  son  of  Lemuel  Rawson  and  Sarah  Harms,  who  were  married  Septem- 
lic-r  s.  IT'.*]  .  Abel  was  a  lineal  descendant  of  the  sixth  generation  from 
Kdward  Rawson.  who  emigrated  from  Kngland  as  early  as  1l>:>7.  and  acted 
as  secretary  of  the  colony  of  Massachusetts  Hay  from  May.  1<;.~>(I  to  insii. 

When  less  than  four  years  old  lie  was  sei/.ed  with  fever  followed  by  disease 
of  the  tibia  of  the  left  leij.  which,  after  years  of  intense  suffering,  resulted  in 
the  loss  of  the  bone  and  deformiU  of  the  ankle  and  foot  which  ever  after- 
wards remained. 

At  the  age  of  sixteen,  the  crippled  sou  was  advised  to  secure  sufHcient 
education  to  prepare  himself  for  a  teacher.  The  parents  could  give  their 
children  a  common  school  education,  but.  as  Abel  inclined  to  the  legal  pro- 
fession.  they  agreed  to  furnish  him  with  such  clothing  as  could  be  manu- 
factured in  the  t'amih  .  \\  Idle  lie  must  earn  the  expense  required  for  tuition 
and  board  at  the  acadenn  or  at  college  and  to  obtain  his  profession. 

The  offer  made  b\  his  parents  was  accepted  b\  Abel,  and  he  resumed  his 
place  in  New  Salem  Academy,  and  during  t  wo  or  more  ensuing  years  taught 
school  in  the  \\inters  tor  educational  support. 

Thereupon  he  was  admitted    to    the    I  )arl  nioiit 
Ne\\   Hampshire,  and  remained    until    the  middle 
the  <  Ice  j  ->i  on  oi  iln    ••  I  >arl  nioiit  h  (  ' 

n    |-'ehruar\  .    I  •*!'.'.   e]o-,ei|    the    ills]  it  111  ioli. 


\ears    remained  with    M 


,  (ii'eyg  am 
his  course  with  S.  ('. 

was  examined  in  Max 
in  A  IILI'II-I  t'ollo\\  i  ug.  and 
e  at  \e\\  Salem. 

h  for  Albany  and  thence 

n  the  road  .      li 


\c\\  I'l-n  \  .  I  ii-;niLra    I'Miint  v  .  (  Mii".  ami    -n,i|i    .iiti-i  \\fni!..   *>I.-II|M  ',' 
lin-I    uMh  il  !-app>  >'.  Ill  nil-lit   ami    !  i-t  ill  iii-i|    I"   \i   .'.I"  !l\         III-  t:in_'h;   -•          .'   |MI 
M-\t-rai       im'lilh-      111      !><>',  i-l.      U.'lUli-     nilllilV.     <  Mil'  •.   ,llnl      !!!     \  .  •-.  •   in1--   !       !-Jl 
|Vlll»\  .-ii    t"      N  M:  'U  .ilk  .    Ill      I  I  HI  ''!  |     I  -Ml  I  III  \  .    U  li«-  1  I-     |]i-     ;  ,|i|_;  I.;     x,  ,'    ,  j  •,;  ...^    t|,,. 

rii-iiiti-  \\  in!'-r.  ami  in  Mai  i-|i  ,  1  ••J  >.  i'l>'aMii-tl  i-Mi^->isiiiii'i;iJ   ;  i  ,  !  •:•.:.•  l.  '-.  .  •}:.•!•. 

\  ;  ;  lii-  A  nu  1  1  -I  It-mi  »;  tin-  -up:  .-HP-  ruin  I  .  in    I  ••_'  •.  IM-  u  .1-  .i-inr.  i  !•  >l  in  tht- 
li.n.    tin-    ll'-ii.   l''!:-ha  \\  h:il  li--t-\  lii-iiij    '  I,.  u!  n,  ,111    <>!    :'•••    ••\.in,.1.  !:_•    .-..IM- 


I  iiiif  . 

I  !••  i  ..i-  -i  --I  thiMii-h  i;.-!|i-\  in-.  \\  In-:  i-   -:  .....  I    i.in    .1  >im.:li'  i  .I'-MI.  a 

lii|Mii'_'|i    ,i    iiiMi-r    IMP--!     t'1  'I'illin.      Tin-    tt-iril"l\    ua-    thfii  ,..  ,  iiji 
-v'lii'i  a  t  ril'i-  ni    !  iiiliii  n-. 

'I'illin  i  -nii-i-li-il  M|    al  Mill    a    iln/rii    tain  :  !  it  -  •  !  \\  i  11  MIL'  in  I  u.ii-  .  al<ni-.      'I'!;.- 
liinlii-i     li.icl    ln-i-ii    IIIM-;!\     ffiiiM\  .-i|    MII  \\'a>hinurl"ii    -I  i  «-.-t  .  -MM;  h    IJMIU   ;!,,- 
S.iin!u-k\  river  I»  Marki-I  -tiv.-t.     Tiinr  ua>  h"  liMt.-l  in  Tnlin.  SM  \|.  .  |;au 
>MII  I'nrilcil  tin-  ii\rr  ami    ^tn|i|>ril    at    a    laM-rn    krpl   \>\  mir  l-:!i-li,i  ^m:!h.  at 
l-'ui'l   Hall,  u  hi-n-  In-  rrmaii  iril  n\  cr  uiii-  ila>  . 

Si'iifi'a  i-i'iintx  i-Miiltl  uri\f  llit'ii  lint  ::IHI  \nti-x.  'I'Mlin  hail  al'iiinlanl  \\.it--i 
IIMUI-I.  iiniliipl'itv  fit  i-\i'i-|i!  li\  a  pi  mi  it  i\  i-  '_rii-I  ami  -a\\  in:!!.  t-i.-.-!i-i|  |.\ 
.|MVJ;I|I  1  |i-i|'_ri-->.  ami  f\  t-r\  t  liinur  a|'|>t-ari-i|  |>r<»-.pi-ri  j\  i-  ainl  il  i>lti-ai  ''-niiii.'  IM 
:i>|>ir;it  imi-  t'ur  r\  HI  t  In-  i-nn  ••!:!  t-  \pi-n-i--  >  -I  M  :  Ka  v.  ->MH. 

lit-  ri-tnnn-il  t'i  V'rualK  nna--ii!  i->l  .  an-l   iinall\   \\t-nt  IM  a   1'iMth.  •   in   |;;,  h 
lii-l'l.  HM\\    ;n  ^iiniimt  i-Miiiil\.  in  ^i-pl  i-iiiln-i  .  !-_'-',. 

A  t  it-!  a  i-  1  !-!->  M|  nii-ni  a  1  an  \  ii-t  \  .  h>-  -tar'.i-'l  a_rani  !m'  ^i-nt-i-.i  ••«>iiiit  \  .  in 
l-'i  l.i  !iar\  .!>_''•..  aii-l  MM  thr  |.,ili  lir  ail  i\i  ••!  in  l'->v\  I'.a!!  \\ith  !r--  !  liaii  t«-ii 
i|>  i!  ',  i  i  •-  in  IIIMIH-\  ami  a  lau  I  ilirai  \  M|  t  dc  lir--'  \  •>]  unii-  M[  ^\\  1  1  1  '-  |  •:  ^i--t  a  in! 
nl  I  1  1  1  It  \  '  -  I'  i  i  •  a  1  1  i  n  '_r  . 

lli-  M|PI-III-I|  an  Mll'n-f  in  a  -mal!  I'll'  U  1  n  1  1  !,  I  m^.  ]  l\]..  |t-,-t  an.!  mn-  -JMIS 
huh.  ami  >i  ill  l">^i  -taiHlinu  MM  tin-  \M-S|  >ii|t-ni  ^ani!u-k\  -t  :  •  .  i  .  i  n  ;  h.- 
M-I  Mini  \\  aril  M|  T  ]  tli  II.  ln-lHU  till'  lit  -t  I'l  ii'k  I  Ml  ili  I  in-.;  iTri'tfil  111  I  In-  •••  mill  \  . 
am!  a!-M  i  n-i-npif.l  h\  1  >r.  |-'.li  I  M  i^l'arli. 

A  I   tin-  Ma\    ti-rin  M|   t  li»-  i-Miii  t  •  >t'  1-1  I|IIIIIM|I  pit  'a-,   Ma\  .  .1  !i  .  !•.•_'•..   \l  :  .  Uau  -..n 

\\a-      appi'Mlti'il      pi  M-I-I    lit  lIIUr      attMl!!l-\.     IM      -l||-|-|-ci|       UMI|M;P|;I;-,     ]  I;.    k:||-M'II.    ;1| 

\\  liii-li  ("'-it  inn  lit-  \\  a>  ri-taim-'l  nn!  i  !  i  >I-|M|H-I  .  I-::;.  I  lining  i-:^'i:  MJ  [i-n 
\rar-  a!'i-i  Mi.  I!a\\-M||  Mpi-nnl  hi-  niliff.  lln-  pii  -uh-iil  nnlu''-  aii'l  m-  nil"  r> 
M|'  tin-  har  ui-n-  i-ntt-i  taiiM-'l  at  l-'urt  Mai!  !"i  \\aii!  M|  ,\,  (  MIMIIIM.  !ai  ;nn  -  al 
'I'M  lin  .  ami  1  ufiil  \  l'i  Mir  IM  t  \\  i-nt  \  I'r,  r  al  Im  IH-N  ^  1  1  MIII  (  'i'!iiiiihi  .  Nl.ii  tun  . 
1  )i-la\\  an-.  Man-l'n-lil.  N  MI  \\  a  !  k  .  "vi  in  I  n-k  \  ('it\  an-l  I.MU.-I  ^aiphi-k\  n.i\\ 
l-'rt-niMnl  niailf  t'ri-i|iii-nl  t'\'-iii  -inn-  in  al  li-ii'lani  •  ni>Mn  i  MI  a;  TiMii. 
al  1  1  -ii'  h-il  1  >\  [M  i\  at  i"li  aipi  t-\  p-  '  -ui  ••  \s  hi'  h  HM\\  apj  M  ai  -  -im  1  1  .1:  1  •'.>•. 

AI'Miit   ihi-  linn-   I'M!',    I'.a'l  aii'l  Ti'lin  \\I-M-    hMtfih   •  ••-!IM|I 

of  t  lir  i  MII  M!  \   -i-at  .  ami  nian\   !a  \\  -r  it  -  \s  n  i-  I  'r"ii 
Hii'  pi'MpriflMi  "I  '!'i  lli  !.    in  it-_raiil  IM  tin-  r\  :•  n'    M|    ! 
Sami"l-k\    li'.'-i.       Mr     Ka  \\  -MI.   \\  a-  H  '  ..'••<!    !••    I.  I'M     pa' 
,|.  i  lim  .1.  ami  i,  ;h.-  -nil-  tin  .i  av..r.  . 

inn  MI-   I-'J-   \li     I!'  •'.     -  ivja'.n.  •!   M:    K  iv 
\\  hii-h  am  I-I-IIP  ni  <  "I,'  ;  'na-,|  MM)  !'.    '  u  t  i.:  •. 

In   Man-li.  !-_'-.   M'  .   I  «'  i'-\  -MI  u  a  -  ap:-.  •  '•  .        .     I1'  ,"     i',- 


take  charge  ol'  1 1  it-  I'll  it  IM|  Slates  lain  I  oil  ice  fur  t  lie  I  )ela\\  a  re  district  a!  KM  it  to 
he  removed  to  Tillin.  There  \\as  IM>  liridtje  across  the  Saiidusky  river,  and 

in  April.  l-~:>.  Mr.  l!a\\son  left  I-'ort  Hall  and  opened  his  law  ollice  in  Tillin. 
Mi\  Ila\\son  \\a.s  then  postmaster  at  Fort  Hall,  and  Milton  McNeal  his 
depnlx.  During  a  lemporan  absence  of  Mr.  llau  son.  one  Neal  Mcdaffey 
made  an  attempt  to  have  him  removed  for  the  reason  that  Mr.  Rawson's 
oiliee  \\as  in  Tillin.  whieh  place  \\as  supplied  Irom  Fort  Hall,  and  the  hi.u'h- 
\\a\  and  mail  route  from  Colnmliiis  to  Lo\\cr  Saiidusk)  I-'remoiit  was  on 
ihe  uest  >ide  of  the  ri\er.  After  man\  shameless  expedients  made  by 
Mc<  ,atte\ .  .lolm  McL'-an.  then  poslinaster-j^eneral.  informed  Mr.  Hawson 
that  he  should  lie  no  more  anno\ed.  Soon  after  Mc(iaffe\  \\  as  dismissed 
from  the  oiliees  ot'  clerk  and  of  recorder  b\  the  court  ol'  common  pleas,  and 
Joseph  IIo\\ard  was  appointed  tlieir  clerk,  and  Mr.  Kauson  recorder. 

Srptemlie!'  ^s.  IS^N.  Mr.  Ha\\>on  \\a^  married  to  Miss  Sarah  Ann  ('lark, 
at  l!o\  allon.  ( 'u>  aho^a  coiiiii)  .  ( )hio.  ami  the\  returned  to  '1'illin  about  the 
middle  of  October  following.  Mis--  Clark  \sas  Imni  Felirnar\  It.  I  sou.  at 
I  laiieock.  in  Addison  coiintx.  \'ermoiit.  She  had  been  well  educated,  but 
\\a>  mainl)  dependent  upon  her  o\\  n  exeilions  foi'  support.  This  union 
eon  I  ri  billed  lar'_;el\  to  the  as~.i^tain  i  and  liappine^s  of  M  r.  I  Jawson. 

doveriior  McArihnr  i^^iied  his  commission  to  Mr.  Hawson.  dated  June 
I  J.  ls:;-j.  as  notar\  public  for  three  years,  but  In-  declined  lo  <|ii,ili  l'\ .  At  that 
period  he  rose  at  or  before  •">  o'elork  in  the  morninu.  chopped  his  own  wood 
before  breakfast .  \\  hicli  was  at  ii  o'clock,  and  also  prepared  fuel  for  his  oilice. 
Amid  other  cares.  Mr.  !Ja\\>on  ;1(  tcil  as  school  examiner  for  more  than  ten 
\  ears.  \\  ithoiit  compeiisat  ion. 

In  the  . spring  of  ls:;t  .Iose|>!i  Howard  resiuned  liis  otliees  of  clerk  of  t lie 
•,iipreme  court  and  court  of  common  picas,  and  a  certificate  fur  tho.^e  otlices 
was  issued  to  Mr.  llawson  from  -Indues  Wright.  Lane  and  ( 'ollett.  of  the 
supreme  court,  dated  April  i!tth.  |s:;l.  \\ith  that  of  the  court  of  eominoii 
picas,  but  he  declined,  and  in  union  with  others  recommemN-d  Luther  A. 
1  lal! .  a  \  oiiim man  n  ell  (|ualilieil.  \\  ho  succeeded  to  the  ollice  and  held  it 
\\  it  h  credit  durinn'  t  lie  ensuing'  seven  \  ears. 

March  lth.  I ^Js.  congress  m'anled  .".UU.IMHI  acres  of  land  in  Ohio  to  aid  in 
the  construction  of  hei  canals.  |-'ebriiar\  PJlh.  ls_':,i.  one  land  otlice  \\as  Id- 
ea led  at  Titlin.  and  on  December  I'.n  h.  |s:;o.  Mr.  IIa\\  sMn  \\  as  appointed  rci>-- 
i.sler  li\  ioint  resolut  Jon  of  the  ie^ishii  m-e.  \\  hich  posj)  ion  he  retained  more 
than  si\  \  ears. 

The  oiliee  u  as  ;  t  mo\  ed  ;o  M;o  i  nice  (  }\  \  \\\  t  he  spri ny  of  1  s;;7.  and  .loh  n 
|',i  oiiuh  since  •_"••- 1  !'ii-  r  \\  a-  elected  receiver.  Mr.  l!av.  >on  was  reappoinied 
noisier  1,\  (idvernor  \'ance.  and  commissioneil  April  l.'/th.  \^-'<l.  but  de- 
clined. 

.Iaiiuar\  it  h.  ls:'.J.  the  Mad  Ui\erand  Lake  Lrie  raili'oad  coin]>an\  ua.sin- 
i-orporaled  b\  the  leurislature  of  (  )hio.  and  in  t  he  follo\\  in;;-  sprinir  the  coin- 
paii\  uas  oriraiii/ed  and  .losiah  lled^es  elected  one  ol' ils  directors.  The 
I'nad  \',as  cmi^l  '  >  I!'  ilesiie  prior  to  ls",c,.  l,n;  then  suspended  until 

's;;:..  Meantime  the  depot  \\as  e^laliiislied  in  |-'ori  I'.all.  \\lii<-h  anm-ed 
,e\eie  \ituperatiou  auaiiist  Mr.  1  ledges,  a  dirt'ctor.  and  Mr.  llawson.  the 
attorne\  for  1  he  road,  and  led  to  >e\eral  suits  at  law  before  tlie  exciteiueiil 
abated. 


•human  I  Itli.  I-  ;•..  Mi.  i;,r,\  -,-1, 
ainiu.,1  f!n  ti.'ii.  »  nut  !  :i!  v  ;.•  i  -  \ 
hi-.  iiaun-  .1-  .in  :i:  !••)-.  -ii'l'-i/  •  .\  •••[  . 
to  iv-i  '<-i  .  -iii'  ••  '.'•  u.i-  Hi.'  mi  .,•  - 
rlrrt  imi  t"  '  ',••  -lalf  >•  n.  ill-.  I  • 
\\ln-n-ili  Mi  .  I  I.  .'/..  i!.  I  v.  -  .!.  ;. 
V.  l.n.lt.  i!,.  U  i::. 

I  >fll|i  "T.ll  !r    It'  'III  i  iii  ••  •  .    li-i-i   i\  i  '1     •  'J    . 
illilf  1"   ii'lclli    ivtliii  iil.it.   .    ;-,-,  t   :',i-.!    I    ,11   •. 

I'lnralil  •>  "l  n  iin-i  \  -  1  \\  '  i  '  .•!«•-. 

in  thf  sj.riii-  n|   1-  ;|      \|:      i;  ,v.  ,. 
prilii  ili::  c>ia!iii-.|'!in-i,!  .    '!,    ;ll,|    ,,;    I;]-, 
I  \\  (  i    >.  i-;i!  s.    piii  ,|  i  -hri  i     til,-     /       /  ./.     ,  ' 

ua-  '  -'!.-!  A|>!  :!  J'.tli.  l^.'.t. 

Th-1    a  n!  iiti  .....  !     '  -.".''    .in'!     ;  It.-     \  <  , 
iii'  >!iit.i  ,  \   p'  i  •-•'U!  i-  ;u  it  !    i-1'i-.i-.    \\liii-li 
n-putal  'i  MI    "!     M  :  .    II.  i\'  -"ti    IUMI:  nl 
vstm-l,  lAi.-n.li-il  i.'  aim.-;  .--..•;  »    \:!,n: 

.  1  1  1  1  !     •<'!-.:!,'•>  i      hill)     "I     !  i  ,  '       l.-'i--    I  \ 

Mai    .  i  ;,  p,n  '.'.  ;••  p  •: 

in-!  i.  n   -in  .-.-.<:.-,!    Mr.    <  !  .,;. 

M't  i  !'••'!    I  I  "III    i  >.\  -•!  IP   --. 

1'rinr  !  •  !  -  !J  -'-  .  •-;.!;  i          i  :m-n  ii.ni 

i;.i\\  --IK  .i.i'hn   i'.  (  ..fii,.-::.  i;.  i  ,.  i'.- 


K.  (.:»•- 

In  Ih  -  >p:-:!ij;  .-:   !  -11   M:.    K  i  \  - 
tin-    \\  in-   .....  '.    !i:..'ii    li'-M    .1!    I:.  :';•'!...• 
11'Mi'  .«:.'.   aii'!     \l:  .    Fi,  :M,_;!M;-.  -••!, 
'  >:i:»:   a!."i  I'M  i  !'V  -.1  in<-  \i-ar  \l.  a--  IP  iiiriii.ii 


/>0  HISTORY    01      SKNI'.CA    COUNTY. 

luth.  1*47.  without  his  knowledge,  which  led  to  violent  opposition  ami  an 
attempt  wa->  mail'-  to  impeach  his  report  by  the  Hank  of  Titlin. 

The  linal  result  fully  sustained  Mi-.  Hawson.  and  the  Seneca  County  Hank 
of  Titlin  was  chartered  August  Nth.  1M7. 

l-Yhniar\  s|||.  IMs.  1!.  Tomli  resigned  as  president  and  Mr.  l{a\vson  was 
appointed  to  till  the  vacancy,  hut  on  May  L'oth.  Is4s.  he  also  resigned. 

Th"  d''-illi  of  an  only  daughter.  Aurinia  II..  I-Ybrnary  KUli.  tsts.  was  a 
severe  blow  to  an  invalid  mother,  and  on  .lime  (itli.  ls4M.  Mrs.  Hawson  sud- 
denly expired. 

Thereupon  Mr.  Rawson  abandoned  his  profession,  and  for  several  years 
devoted  himself  to  out-door  pursuits  and  the  improvement  of  real  estate. 

in  1^.~>»I  Mr.  Hawson  consented  to  become  a  candidate  as  a  member  for 
Seneca  county  of  the  convention  to  revise  the  state  constitution,  the  election 
being  on  the  first  day  of  April.  Kxcepting  a  printed  address.  Mr.  Hawson 
took  little  interest  in  the  canvass,  and  was  defeated  by  K.  T.  Stickney  with 
a  majority  of  eighty-two  votes. 

in  October.  fs~il.  his  name  was  used  in  the  canvass  for  state  senate  during 
his  absence  in  Iowa,  of  which,  with  his  defeat,  he  was  ignorant  until  his  re- 
turn: and  also,  in  ls.~>s.  he  was  tinned  to  accept  the  nomination  for  judge  of 
common  pleas,  and  in  hstiO  that  for  state  senate,  both  of  which  he  declined. 

During  this  period  Mr.  Hawson  devoted  much  of  his  time  to  closing  pro- 
fessional business,  and  also  to  the  education  of  his  two  sons.  Allen  A.  and 
Homer  ('.  Hawson.  both  of  whom  graduated  at  Hush  Medical  College,  in 
Chicago.  Illinois,  in  the  spring  of  ls.y>.  and  in  the  following  aut  umn  and 
spring,  settled  in  Adams  county.  Iowa,  where  they  still  reside  ls.su  . 

September  :T>th.  Is-Vi.  Mr.  Hawson  married  Mrs.  Maria  McN'eal.  widow  of 
Milton  McXeal.  who  had  died  in  September.  ]s:;|.  \\ilh  whom  he  afterwards 
enjoyed  domestic  (juiet  in  declining  years. 

Especially  during  the  last  three  or  four  years  of  his  life  did  Mr.  Hawson 
feel  that  his  physical  nature  was  yielding  to  the  infirmities  of  age.  This  did 
not  interfere  with  his  cheerful  recollections  of  the  past,  and  regard  for  Un- 
friendly ties  of  the  present,  nor  with  his  bright  view  of  futurity.  Conscious 
of  a  life  of  integrity  and  of  honor,  he  said:  "Let  us  always  seek  and  abide 
the  right,  leaving  consequences  to  the  dispensations  of  Providence." 

As  the  evening  of  Thursday.  August  i!4th.  IsTl.  was  drawing  a  life  of  sev- 
enty-three years  to  a  close,  peacefully  and  gently  the  soul  of  Abel  Hawson 
departed  to  the  endless  visions  of  eternit) . 

JOSHl   A     SKNKY. 

lames  Nicholson  was  a  commodoreof  the  United  States  navy  in  1775. 
when  he  had  command  of  the  Trumbull,  a  frigate  of  thirty  guns,  and 
fought  in  her  an  action  with  the  llritish  man-ot-war  \Vyatt,  which,  next 
to  that  of  1'anl  IOIH-S.  with  the  Serapis,  was  the  mo-t  desperate  of  the 
war.  I'.iglitecn  member^  <>t  ;]R-  Nicholson  family  served  in  the  navy 
if  the  I  nited  State>.  ( 'ommodon.' Nicholson  had  four  daughters,  who 
\  -TC  all  famous  tor  their  beauty  and  their  accomplishments  in  both 
\Y.!-l'.in_rton  and  New  N'ork  societies.  Mr.  Albert  (lallatin.  while  a 


\va-  I...MI   \   ..,-iii!.   :    .-    .    i  ;.,  ;. 

an.!  .-.!•:.    ,  ,  •,{.      11,-  u  .,     . 

\  rr-;'  \    I  .tu    Si  h'  )•  i;        I  ',.••  ':.      :  •:.• 

\v.t-  tin-  j.riv.i!.-  >;••  M  »:x     •'  ':  .    \  '• 

hlK-i!   ,,,<,„„,,;,„,„„   a   ,",!.!,,•   ,.;   tS,,j   ],:!,:: 

\rar  in  \V,i-hi:'._:<  >n.  uli'Tc  In-  m:n_;.>-,|    \\   • 

tr\      \\h'>      :rr.  I'U'iiicii      tin-     hmi--'-     .•:     }i.- 

Ni,  h,.U..n. 

A'  .1  vi>i:   l"  I   lUiiiHiuv  n.   I'cini^v  1\  I:I;.L,  i. 
hi>  witV.  :i>  ll'itu'fil    in    .1    -krti  h  nl  her  lite. 


-]  n't  ;.i!  i'c  '.inn!  \  . 

Mr.    *r:;.  -\    \v.i-  our 
tr\    li.i-i  lirrii  r  ,M  i!  I" 
.1-1   [ir.K  !  i  !  i'  >;!•  T.       !!'• 
likf  :  I'-.r.       11  '  w.i    ai 


in-1,  i-r  i.  i'  1  in  -in\    ;>.u"  \  .      1        \\ 
-,•!:.      \Vl,.-n  !u-  lik-.l  a   p.-r-.u 
h:-  powrr  t-i  .ii.1   !i  in.       11"     w.i 
i-nji  u  ••'!  jioi;;  ii  ,i!    u,;!.it  ;<  >;i-.       I- 
kn-w  n..ih;:u  .ili..M!   i  iSi-.r  :»  .«   ' 
l.i-ti-  ti  ir  <  '!    .ijijirci  i.i!  n  m  "i   :!.•• 
«  h.i-lr    .in,!    p,,l:,hr,l:    !,  r     |.Ri., 
.  iitrn  w  IM'I  1  |..i--  h:  -  !i'--i   ir:c!ii 
wlii-n   .it   1  1'.  lii-r  !  MIIC-  !>'•  \\  i  -   .t" 
1  1  '  r  I  '<  •  i  !  !  \    a  '  1.  '  )  i  n  i  •  :  n  .in  •  >  !  !  ;  <  '  •  . 


^>2  iiisiokY   or  si  xix'A   oorxiY. 

man  of  his  si/c  iliat  ever  was  known,  and  it  was  noticed  by  everybody 
that  saw  him 

iMirinu  tluL  last  lew  years  of  his  liic  he  had  several  attacks  ot"  heart 
disease  that  troubled  him  I 'or  a  short  time.  (  >ne  night  he  got  out  of 
bed.  walked  to  the  window  and  opened  it.  to  let  fresh  air  into  the  room, 
and.  returning  towards  the  bed.  tell  dead  on  the  Moor. 

This  was  on  the  night  following  the  loth  day  of  Fcbruarv.  1.^4.  Mr. 
Seney  was  l"ift\  nine  years,  two  montlis  ami  ten  days  old  when  he  died. 

11  is  three  sons  are  lawyers  ol  note:  (ieorge  K.  Senev  and  |oshua 
Seney.  the  former  in  Tittin  and  the  other  in  Toledo,  and  both  common 
pleas  judges,  and  Henry  Senev  is  in  the  practice  at  Kenton,  (  >hio,  and 
when  Judge  McCauley  was  nominated  for  judge,  Henry  Seney  gave  him 
a  \  erv  (lose  chase  tor  the  nomination. 


\Vas  born  August  ^olli.  i^i.v  in  the  township  of  Spafford.  in  (  Mionda^a 
counts,  state  of  New  \  ork.  lie  is  the  son  oi  I.uthcr  Hah.  who  was  a 
farmer  by  occupation,  a  native  ot  Berkshire  county,  state  of  Ma-.sai  hu- 
setts,  and  wh.o  died  in  iS.|^.  at  Kreeport.  Illinois. 

Luther  A.  Hall  was  raised  on  a  farm,  working  during  the  slimmer  and 
attending  district  school  during  the  winter  until  he  was  fourteen  years 
oid.  when  he  became  a  pupil  in  a  -elect  school  kept  by  Mr.  Thomas 
\Y.  Allis.  at  Skaneateles.  where  he  rein. lined  two  \ears.  He  then  en- 
uaued  a-  a  ckrk  in  a  -tore  and  served  in  that  capacitv  some  three 
years.  In  the  -prim:  ot  i.S_^  he  started  on  a  trip  to  (  )hio  with  a  small 
stock  of  g<  >ods  in  a  one  horse  wagon,  I  rum  the  sale  ot"  which  he  paid  Ids 
expen-.es  as  he  went  along.  He  arrived  in  Tit'tin  on  the  51)1  day  of 
May.  in  the  same  vear.  and  was  l"irst  employed  asclerk  in  t  he  recorder's 
ottice  a'  iitt\'  cents  PIT  da\.  boarding  liimsell.  Soon  alter  he  entered 
the  store  of  |ohn  I'ark  as  clerk,  where  he  received  ten  dollars  per  month 
and  boarding.  I  he  olii  settlers  \viil  remember  tlie  t\vo  story  brick 
builiiiim.  trontiiiij  west,  that  stood  on  the  corner  <>t  \\asliington  and 
Market  streets,  wliere  the  National  I'Achan^e  bank  now  stand-;  that 
was  Park's  store.  i!,  the  time  Mr.  Hall  was  clerk  for  Mr.  I'ark.  he 

\\a-  appointed  <  ierk  oi  the  -npreme  <  onrt  ol  S'-neca  county  and.  of  I'H- 
•  our!  oi  common  p'h-a-  fr/>  /-•//:..  to  which  position  he  \\~a-appoinied 
fir-!  ,i-  deput\  in  i-S^^.  and  permanently  in  i  s;  \.  Mav  51)1.  In  iS^;  he. 
in  companx  \\  !  -  ah  Hed^e-,  engaged  in  the  mercantile  busine-s. 

\\~hich  wj  ;  on  until   i^^7.  u'lu'ii  the  financial  .storm  induced  them 

to  di-continue  the  luisiness.  The  .lock  wa-  t  losed  out,  the  good  debts 
collected,  and  liabilities  paid.  There-  were  many  losses  trom  bad  debts. 


ISTOKV     or     SKNKCA 


Near  the  end  of  the  Mormon  llible  is  added  the  testimony  of  (  Miver 
('owdcry  as  to  the  "(iolden  Plato." 

lie  was  one  of  the  brightest  minds  amongst  the  leaders  of  the  Mor 
mons.  and  the  history  of  the  order  \vonld  have  been  a  better  one  had 
his  counsel  and  advice  prevailed. 

Mr.  Cowdery  was  born  in  the  state  of  Vermont,  on  the  ^d  day  of 
October.  1804.  Alter  he  had  acquired  a  good  common  school  educa- 
tion, he  applied  himself  with  great  industry  to  the  studv  of  the  dead 
languages  and  became  very  proficient  in  the  (ireek  and  Chaldee.  He 
came  to  Ohio  when  he  was  a  young  man  and  entered  the  law  office  of 
ludge  Hissel.  a  very  distinguished  lawyer  in  1'ainesville,  Lake  county, 
as  a  student,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  alter  having  read  the  requi- 
site length  of  time  and  passed  an  examination.  His  unfortunate  asso- 
ciation with  the  Mormons  blasted  the  high  hopes  and  bright  prospects 
of  an  otherwise  promising  career,  and  planted  a  thousand  thorns  along 
the  wayside  of  a  life  that  was  as  pure  and  undefiled  as  that  of  the  best 
of  men.  ('owdcrv  had  more  to  do  with  the  production  of  the  Mormon 
Bible  than  it--  history  had  ever  given  him  credit  for.  He  was  the  best 
scholar  among  the  leaders.  \\hile  others  advocated  the  doctrine  of 
polygamy.  Cowdcry  opposed  it.  not  only  on  moral  grounds,  but  also, 
and  principally  because  it  \vas  contrary  to  the  great  principles  of 
Christianity,  and  above  all.  because  it  \vas  opposed  not  only  to  the 
great  demands  of  civilization  but  to  the  spirit  of  the  free  institutions  of 
our  <  ountry.  This  opposition  to  polygamy  brought  ('owderv  into  con- 
flict with  the  other  leaders,  and  especially  with  Joe  Smith;  and  while 
C'owdery  gathered  around  himselt  the  better  and  most  intellectual  ele- 
ment among  the  Mormons.  Joe  Smith  became  the  leader  of  the  coarser 
tones,  with  \\hom  his  great  force  ot  character  soon  made  him  verv 
popular.  The  conllict  came  and  Cowdery  had  to  flee  for  his  life,  leaving 
his  wife  and  two  children  behind  him.  Mrs.  Cowdery's  maiden  name 
was  \\"hitin'-r.  and  a  sister  ot  one  ot  the  \\hitmcr's  who  figured  as  a 
leader.  She  was  a  beautiful  woman,  whose  quiet  nature,  sweel  temper 
and  kind  disposition  won  her  friends  wherever  she  was  known. 

Mr.  '.  owdcr\  <  ame  ba<  k  to  Kirtland.  In  the  spring  of  1X40.  on  the 
ijth  day  o!  May.  he  addressed  a  large  I)emocratii  gathering  in  the 
-tree',  between  the  (lerman  Retorni'-d  church  o|  Titlin  and  the  present 


rcsidem--    .it'    H<v.  <  ir.nf.       He    \\a-then    • 

ah><at:<>n  [,i  j.ur-iie  hi-    {>;  •  >!e--i"i,    a-    a    ',  i\\  \  cr.  h.i\  ;:._  i  •:.: .:  .-.\    .i';..i 
'l"iic(i  and  :>r.'ken  ,i\\.i\    ii. 'in    .ill    In-    <  •miici  '..•>:>.>  «.'.!.    ti  <     M   .mi'  •  '.- 
Ill  the  l.iil    <>I     tlu'    -aiue    \  i  ai     he    m'.'.cd    tt.tii     ':    -    l.un.i)     !••    littm   .uM 
nprlH-'i  .1   i.l\V   .ittli'f   oil    M.llk'-I    -'rrr:. 

Mr.  ( 'owilcry  w.i>  .in  .i!ii;-  i.i\\  \  r:  .iii.i  .i  L;rcat  .i«U  Hi  .itc  !  I .  v  ni.i;,:icr  -. 
WIT*.'  (,',i^\  ,t:nl  ^i-ntlfiu.inlx  .  !u-  \\-i-  |»i!;tc.  'l;^n:Iiril.  yrt  <  ' 'tiri<-<»<!>.. 
He  luii I  an  upcii  ri'MMten.uiri-.  hi^h  icn-hi-.n!,  dark  l>r.i'.v!i  r\r.  k'ltn.in 
no>c.  ck'iii  hrd  h]i^  .mil  [ir. >in;iH'iit  luwcr  t.i\s.  lie  >h.i\f«!  sin.mth  ami 
\va>  neat  .i:ul  (  K-.inly  in  In-  prixm.  He  w.i^  .it  \\^}i\  -.MMn-.  .ihinit 
fivr  tcrt,  t"i\c  niche-  In^'h.  and  had  a  lno-c.  ra>\  \\.iik.  \\  :''n  .ill  h:- 
kind  and  iricndiv  di-|»<  >-itn  >\\.  tlu-rr  \va>  a  <  ri'a;n  lU-^rcv  <•!  -a<hu-->s 
that  -criiird  t.)  pcrvadi'  hi-  wlmlc  brill:,.  H;-  a--ui  iat;i)ii  \\:th  "tin-r- 
\va-  inarkcil  \>\  the  ^reat  aniii'in!  ill  ;n'i  irniat'..  >n  h:-  i  ni!\(  r-aT;'ii;  <  i>\\ 
vexed  and  the  l>eaut\  D|  hi-  inu-;i  al  \.»r  e.  H>  ad>!rr--e-  \«  :hr  •  >p'.;rt 
and  jurv  urre  <  liarai  teri/cd  liv  a  huh  .  irder  "!  nr.iturx.  \\  .'.!.!>:  :l',:an; 
and  tiireii-i<  tor*  e.  He  \va-  niode-!  and,  re-er\ed,.  nt\e:  -j">'ke  .1!  >>{. 
any  t  me.  ne\  er  i  onijilaincil. 

He    left    Tifnn    \\ith    hi-    t.uniU    :"i     I  .ikii.irii.  ;:-.    \\  :- 
\vhere  lie  remained     Imt     a     -li.>r;     time.  an>-|     :!..  n     n.'.\e. 
where  he  d  ;ed   ;  n     i  •">  ;  N. 

The  writer  r<-ad  law    \s:tli    Mr.     <    i>s\der\    ,:.    Ltt.:..  ..•.•:  ua- 
aci|iianiti-d  w:;h  him.  iriim    the    time    !.<•    <  ame    hej.      ;:.•..   : 
attorded    me    every  <'[>]  ><  irtunit  \'  tu    -;:;d\    an.!    .  >\  e 
manh.  ><  .d. 


CHAPTER  XXIII 

:HE    BENCH   AND   BAR   CONTINUED. 


S1DNKY     SKA. 

Till-,  subject  of  this  sketch  was  the  most  remarkable  character  that 
was  ever  associated  with  the  Tifhn  bar.  He  was  unlike  other 
lawyers  in  almost  every  thing,  and  seemed  to  avoid  assimilation  on 
purpose.  In  i«\^  he  had  his  office  in  the  frame  building  on  the  south 
side  of  Market  street,  on  in-lot  No.  71,  now  occupied  as  a  saloon. 
When  the  writer  became  acquainted  with  him  lie  was  known  by  the 
name  of  Sidnev  Smith.  It  is  said  that  he  was  a  graduate  of  the  New 
Haven  I, aw  school,  and  that  formerly  he  was  a  shoemaker  by  trade. 
He  was  married  when  he  moved  from  Portage  county  to  Tiffin,  in  i<S}2, 
and  very  soon  secured  a  verv  good  practice.  He  bought  a  farm  in 
Scipio  township,  and  laid  out  the  larger  portion  of  Republic.  In  [tine, 
iX}(>.  he  published  a  notice  in  the  /'//////  (/'it^i'//>'.  that  lie  would  sell  his 
lots  in  Republic,  a  valuable  farm  close  by.  another  farm  six  miles  from 
Tiffin,  and  one  and  one-hall  lots  between  the  court  house  and  the  free 
bridge,  because  he  wanted  to  go  to  some  southern  latitude. 

Two  years  thereafter  he  gave  notice  that  he  had  lett  his  property  in 
tlie  hands  of  Mr.  Chapin  to  sell  tor  him,  and  moved  to  Cincinnati, 
where  he  opened  a  law  office.  It  is  said  that  he  there  wore  his  pants  in 
his  boots.  The  boots  had  large  red  tops,  on  which  were  painted  in  gilt 
letters.  "  Sidnev  Smith,  attorney  at-law." 

About  the  latter  part  of  1X40  he  came  back  to  Republic  and  opened 
a  law  ottice  again  in  the  name  ot  Smith  He  took  a  \  cry  active'  part  in 
the  presidential  campaign,  and  made  the  first  speech  when  the  Whigs 
raised  their  log  cabin  on  the  lot  where  the  Commercial  bank  now 
->tand>.  In  his  political  harangue  on  that  da\  he  was  exceedingly  per 
sonal  mil  bitter.  This  was  on  the  _}d  day  of  lune.  i.S.jo.  He  made 
many  more  speeches  throughout  Seneca  county  that  summer  and  fall, 
but  be<  ame  so  boisterous  and  abusive  that  the  Whig  central  committee 
finally  retused  to  make  any  further  appointments  lor  him. 


all  jM,r;r\.  .,!  !i>    ,-A:! 
son.  :!   wa-  .  i.-fi-  I'r-i'     • 
lib  "ti.  MI  '  •  ;  Si-:;  r..>:    !  !  .  - 
lin.il  I  \    ]  >.i-^(.-i !   "  >:i   !'':;••    !'•'!. 

I  lu-  1,-av.m  Ys~ 
U  hen    A'  i.Uit    -t'loij     •!!>     .n 
tin-  (  "rr  it.)!-.  :«.  n.r.ii.-  .i'.i 
t'.tv   II.::i   ••,-.  ••.'.  ,:,_   11.1:11.- 
:i:ii  1  |  >i  n  ir    \i  l.un'>  \  i  >i  .1!  i'i!. 
li .ir.' ;-  M ji  I"  -!i  ti!<-   iii-   c\ 
I.iMiou>ly     '. <'.>k;n_     innti    < 
!  hi-in  .tu  in  ir.  ,ii)'  i  ;••;!!_;    : 
Smith."      1I--    w.iptt-"!    I"    . 

U'MHT.U    .l---~CIIl!ii\     if!    !;."' 

\\i<  Hi;  !\\  1 1  \  r.ir>  '  :i'-!'<-. 
hr^a.l.-.  .in.l  w  !,-!i  .:.  •::.. 
i ' !  ( •  1 1 1  r  I  i ! .  1  ! ;  i  •  \\  r  I  !.tT  !  i .  I 
alii  1  I'  i  a!n  >•,  a:n  1  man  \  >'  • 
I.  i"k i -i  i  IIP  in-  !"t;r '>':•>  a;n! 
-ha!!  n.iw  ,  all  h:m  .  H-- 
)  "  i>i-.l  li\  ui\  1"  n  i\ .  :i'r  ' 
In  i  rile  r  1:14  'in  .  '  >\\  ai  i  i:i  c. 

AliMiil    :h:-  t:inc  an   :::.ir 
or^ani/nl  -n    I'lilin.  ;ihV|  1  <\ 
( irncral    .•!    i  >!::• '.    liri'i    ; 
|  >  r  a  r  r . !  tip,   para'!.-  1 1 . 1 1 1 1   '   ' 
o  1 1 1 1  •  r  >  1 1  a .  i  1 1 1  a  1 1 1    .  • :  t  <  •  i '  •  '  • 
1 1  i  i  —  i  1 1   1 1 , : -  t  •>  • : : : ' \     i :  >  i  :  i 
s!  ire!-  in  'I  :tl,i-:  M/-'1!    ' : .' 
1 1 1 1  :-!'•;    •.'.   •'••;•     ,  M  i .    .    -.\ 


3(>'s  HISTORY    or    SI.NKCA    COl'NTY. 

ATTENTION 

MILITARY    MEN    OF     SENECA    COUNTY! 

INJUSTICE    IN    THE    CAMP! 
EVERY     MAN    TO    HIS    POST! 

Blow  ye  the  trumpet,  blow,  and  sound  the  drum. 

Send  round  the  hand-bills,  let  the  freemen  come: 

For  equal  rights  the  standard  let  us  raise. 

And  let  the  TiHin  Junto  foam  and  ^a/.e. 

Ki.uht  companies  have  we.  old.  faithful  and  true. 

Whose  rights  are  trampled  on  to  bless  the  new. 

Your  old  and  patient  prayers  thrown  in  your  face. 

And  Oceolas  born  to  partial  jjrace. 

The  quartermaster  deals  you  pelting  storms. 

But  takes  the  <  )ceolas  to  his  arms: 

He  u'ives  them  t,nins.  the  brightest  and  the  best. 

Let's  your  old  beards  petition  and  be  cursed. 

Here,  you  can  see.  the  TiHin  .Junto  reigns. 

While  you  submit  to  penalties  and  pains. 

Shall  Oceolas  Haunt  their  <;litterin^  steel. 

And  can  the  older  brothers  fail  to  feel? 

Behold  their  sheen  displaying  to  the  sun. 

And  trudge  your  sober  face  and  wooden  uun. 

Hear  ye.  brave  spirits  of  our  fathers  t,rone. 

And  let  your  children  put  their  reason  on. 

Hiuh  soars  the  eairle  out  of  mortal  si^ht. 

I5ut  wli\  should  justice  towel'  a  greater  height? 

The  eaicle  sometimes  stoojis  to  mortal  kin. 

Then  wl>\  not  justice  sometimes  dwell  witli  man. 


legislature.  I  t  hi  nix  >ou  in  i\  pn»cnre  \oiir  rights,  and  arm^  enough  of  differ- 
ent de>eript  ion  to  make  our  brigade  respectable,  ami  I  promise  m\  feeble 
aid  "ii  the  side  <>;'  impartial  justice.  Wh\  -h.iiiid  a  miserable  faction  rule 
ihr  whole  count)'.''  I  hop,-  and  trust  ihat  our  well-beloved  brethren,  the 
(  ).-eola-.  \\  ii'-n  t  h«'\  lit  id  that  their  older  brothers  are  men.  too.  \\  ill  lie  more 
an\i"ii-  to  'jive  justice  'Inn  to  lake  wronu;. 

V.ni'vf  -i-i  in'-  'i-  a  uatelniiaii  on  ihe  \\all.  I  see  the  poison  hi^imr  in  the 
caiuji.  I  h|o\\  the  hum.  I.e]\  pea'-eahl\  extract  the  venomous  teeih  and 
|..(  the  i'e|.lile-,  live.  SIDN  l-;^'  SKA. 

I  Iri^adier  (  ,enei  al. 


1  111.     lil  \i    H      \  S  I  '     I:  \K. 

t-  iin-i-UiiL.'  .mil  in\  <••>!  luMtf  tin-  «  h"l«-  all.  is  i  . 
\-  \   \\    \  Y    I'.,!.  'ii.-l. 
i  .     M    <  H  .  1  >l  .  V  I  .!«  uli-M.uiI    I  ..ii'iK 
II  I   \  I;  Y    \IK  1  /i,i:i;    A.liui.ihl 

,i<  >-l  \  1  1  i;<  K  •!'   MII.  u  !••!  iii.i-:«-i  , 
i:   r.  •>  MI  K  \  \.\    i  .ipi.iui. 
i>  MI:  r/.i.  1.1;  «  .11.;.  mi. 

.1    v  M1  \|;K-,    .  .,,,1.1111. 

I'M    I.    hl.\\  III     !-t    l.i.-iit.-n.nit. 

\\      I'-l    IM.'i  »\\  -     .'-I    l.:.-.i:.-n;iiit. 


i.f  i-f.  u!T,n  i-iiort^  \\rri-  111.  ur  in  n-iiM'.i-  : 
a  nil  l>i;  ilii  d  nr\\  .  nurt  h"ii-r  lh<  rr.  !••:'  !!;•  \  !. 
<i;t  .1  ,iu.i\    s  «•:          I  In-  TllM.    I'llSiy  \\.i-  ii" 
iii;i.:.ir\    (iMiiji.uu.    tin-    in--;    <•!    uL..ni 
••  'i-pt  :lr->       u  n  >n_;«-ii  in  il  H  n  !\    «hi  n  ;h<-\    ~.  •< 
1  1  :  i  •    11  H  i  '  !  1  11  _    '  .  II  I  u  '  i  '  I  i    ;  1  !    '\,'       ;  !  !  !  i 

The    (  >-'  1-1  il  i-    \\  rrr      tlu-n      t:    :•<:' 

<  it  nrrai  >f.i  i  .11111    in.  aiiii  'ak  ii_  '    ••  •  !.  •.  r. 
.u.<!  .ii!ni,n>!einl  up.'-  a'.   !;.-  u-'ial    I  <•;  :    i;i.i: 
l.tkiiu  tlu-ir  liiriiaiis  oi!       (  '.  •!.  mr]  (  ,  .'  . 

<  '.t  j  >t  t  '  n   l'i  H  ii'inan.  «\  '  !u-  (  K,  (  ,  , 

|  .r<  icurt.-il  '  he  u  M:I~-.  lia\  ;  n_:  t  \  |     i  :.i-i!  •>  •  '  '•,- 

<  ir>.aiu/a'  ;i  MI.    aini    llu-    in'"!'-    ~  •'    ;  ;  '  ••    :•    :._ 
;>  I'M  iifil  aini 

•'  Tin-    I  liiki-  "I    I  il  llli^u  n  k  .   \\  ;!  li   hi 
Mari'lu-il  up  tin-  h  ill  .tii'l      I  ln-n  ui.i 

ll   ;-,  ,,,-,,  li.tlih-  ;h.i-   tin-  .p.n-.TM.i.Vr   - 

<  iritv  tor  aviii  •-  ilia-   wt-;i    t  !  .  -•  i  •;';.•:;.  -.'.  .ini'.r.^ 

i  in  i  uu-  "I  tin    ^i-].'.i-m;.r:    HIM-''-!    '!.i\       •! 
'MI  ;n  !;n<-  in  iiu  th<    r:\ci    '..   M  ,.  i     .  ITI    -lire!. 


}70  HISTORY    01     SKXKCA    COUNTS. 

About  the  year  1X4^  (ieneral  Sea  left  Republic  and  moved  to  Tiffin 
again,  when  he  and  Mr.  I..  A.  Hall  became  partners  in  the  law  firm  of 
Hall  iS:  Sea.  The}-  soon  had  a  large  practice,  and  while  Sea  was  the 
better  advocate.  Hall  was  the  better  pleader.  Mr.  Sea's  striking  ap- 
pearance and  forcible  address  gave  him  great  influence  with  a  jury.  He 
was  quick  and  ready  to  catch  a  point,  and  unsparing  in  pressing  it. 
This  partnership  lasted  only  about  two  years,  and  both  continued  in 
the  practice  in  Tiffin. 

(ieneral  Sea  was  ambitious  and  used  all  the  means  at  his  command  to 
get  (ieneral  John  Bell,  of  Lower  Sandusky,  who  was  major-general  of 
the  i  jth  division  ().  M.,  out  of  office,  with  a  view  of  filling  it  himself, 
(ieneral  Hell  was  a  most  estimable  gentleman  and  highly  esteemed  citi- 
/en.  but  he  sometimes  appeared  on  parade  with  a  straw  hat  on  his  head: 
put  on  no  style,  and  in  iS^S.  while  the  Canadian  or  patriot  war  was 
raging,  a  lot  ot  arms  were  stolen  out  ot  (Ieneral  Bell's  warehouse,  in 
Lower  Sandusky.  These  two  circumstances  served  (Ieneral  Sea's  pur- 
pose, and  he  drew  up  charges  against  (Ieneral  Hell  for  the  purpose  of 
having  him  tried  and  court-martialed.  He  had  his  law  partner.  Mr. 
Hall,  to  copy  the  charges,  and  they  were  sent  to  Ciovernor  Shannon, 
(lovernor  Shannon  thereupon  caused  the  following  order  to  be  issued,. 
which  convened  the  most  distinguished,  august  and  talented  military 
men  that  ever  formed  a  court-martialin  Ohio,  vi/ : 


I'ANT    (iKN'KHAL  S    OlT'lCK.  I 

Coi.rMr.rs.  OHIO.  February  :>.  Is44.      \ 

A  court-mart ial.  t<>  consist  of  seven   persons,  will  assemble  at  the  cit>   of 
Columbus,  state  of  Ohio,  on  Monday,  the  H'th  inst..  at  in  o'clock  A.  M..  for 
the    hearing   and  determining  of  charges  preferred  against   Ma.jor-(  ieneral 
John  P>ell.  of  the  17th  division  of  Ohio  militia. 
The  court  will  consist  of: 

Major-<  ieneral  John  Snider,  of  t  he  1st  division,  president . 
Major-*  ieneral  ('.  1!.  doddard.  of  the  loth  division,  judge  advocate. 
Major-!  ieneral  deorgc  Howe,  of  the   1:;th   disisioii. 
l»rigadier-(  ieneral  M.  V  \Vade.  of  the  :!d  brigade.  1st  division. 
1  >i'igadier-(  teneral  ( t eoi'ge  ( iepliart .  of  the  71  h  division . 
P»rigadier-(  ieneral  Tiiomas  Stockton:  of  the  i!d  brigade.  7th  division. 
I  Jrigadier-deneral  Sidnev  Sea.  of  1  he  1 7th  division. 
deneral  \\'.  F.  Sanderson.  pro\  ost    marshal. 
William  Lang.  Ksq..  assistanl  marshal. 

P,s  order  of  WILS<  >\    Sll  A.\.\<  ).\. 

( 'ommandei--in-(  'liief  (  Hiio  Militia. 
K.  d  ALK. 
Ad.iutan1-(  ieneral. 

At  tl'.e  trial,  which  \va-  held  in  the  old  I'nited  Siate>  court   room,    the 
Hon.  ( I u -;t a\  11-  Swan,  as  counsel  for  ( 1  enei  al   l!ell.  obiectc<l  to   ( ieneral 


I  III       1:1  Nt    li    ANU    t:  VK. 


Sra.  anil  .illf^n!  that    Sra    h;m-rlt    ii.ni    <ir,iwn  uj. 
thrrrtorr  i!;>'|uaiihr<t  to  M:  ,in>l  ti\    thr  i  .IM-.      Wit 
.uid  thr  la.  I-  .  IraiU   r>tahit>hr<l        \!:.|       V  H  a!! 
>ra     h.nl     ilr.tuii    thr    charge-.    .I'M    hr      I  la'.'.      !i.i< 
(  onrt.  upon  <lriihiT.it  i  on  \\  :!ii<>v,   Sra.  <  In  nlo!  th.it 
thr  MK'rtin.;  oi  the  conrt  ,i:ti-r  <lmnrr.  ih,>  !.t<  t   wa-. 
rr.il  Sra  h\    thr    |>rr>iilnit.    an«i     he  \\.i-    j/ohtrU    i 
hut   thrl'r   hr   --.it   an<l   .illjwni    h:m->rh     [»    In-   HH.t<-> 
time.      1  1  <•  -!  ;li  rep  I-M  -(I  t<>  j<>.  w  hni  (  iriu-r.ii  (  io<i<l. 
to  takr  (  iriirral   Sr.i  <uit   ot   thr   r<ioin   :'i^t.uitn          I 


tin 


Sutiii  r  i:   :<>  -a\   that  (  iriu-ral 
a  nn>  to  hr  •>!<  ''.(Mi  li'i  >MI  h:  in. 

\  o\v  (  ir  !!•.•:  li  sr.i  \\  a>  ,1  !'  i:i'-  i 
prntrr.  ,,!    \  .•;,';.  r    tou-i.  !:;].. 
t  u  i  k  \'  .  (.-  n  1  1  1  i  o  \  r  .  i  :  h  i  •  i  i    1  1  <  •  i  a  .  :  •  . 
Krn!  '!<  k  \  .    ,i  iM    .liter    a'l    a:  >^<".i> 
hr.uitilul  hor>:    lir  <  alir.l   M.i/.-|. 
not  u'r!  ail  o!  '.  lir  r->tatr  th.at  \\  .1 
(  ifii  rral  Sea,.       \  lonj.  s.ul.  <  »^\ 
l/rntrr     ohtainr«i     |M<l^:nri;:     .i_. 
i  hattrl-.  a  \vr,;  o!    •:,   ,  \    ./.'  w.i-,  •> 
rrt'u>r<l  to  _;i'.r  ><•<  urii\.  ->ini;.'.\ 


37-  HISTORY    OK    SK.NKCA    COUNTY. 

court  house  was  crowded  to  overflowing  during  the  trial,  and  on  the 
following  niijht  the  brass  band,  with  a  large  crowd  of  citi/ens,  gave  Gen- 
eral Sea  a  serenade.  Much  sympathy  was  enlisted  in  his  favor  by  this 
time. 

In  iS4<S  (ieneral  Sea.  with  his  family,  moved  to  Milwaukee,  Wiscon- 
sin, since  which  time  the  writer  has  heard  but  little  of  him 

He  was  a  most  wonderful  combination  of  mental  force:  shrewd,  cun- 
ning, able,  reckless,  daring,  crouching,  vindictive,  ambitious.  An  able 
orator,  a  forcible  advocate,  but  unsocial  and  cold.  He  was  reckless  in 
his  adventures,  as  well  as  in  the  abandonment  of  a  good  purpose. 

••  I'ity  lie  loved  an  adventurous  life's  variety, 
lie  was  so  threat  a  loss  to  wod  soeietv." 


In  the  fall  of  1X79.  while  Judge  Watson  was  visiting  his  daughter, 
Mrs.  John  I).  Loomis,  at  Tiffin,  he  promised  to  write  a  short  sketch  of 
his  lite  for  publication  in  this  book,  but  being  very  closely  occupied 
on  the  bench  and  his  health  tailing,  the  promise  was  never  complied 
with.  The  following  is  from  the  Tijjin  Tribune  of  May  271)1,  1880,  and 
while  it  is  very  incomplete,  it  is  perhaps  the  best  that  can  now  be  ob- 
tained as  a  substitute  for  a  sketch  of  his  life: 

Cooper  K.  Watson  died  in  Sandnsky.(  )liio.  Thursday.  Ma\  I'dtli.  issO.aged 
about  sevent)  years,  after  an  illness  of  several  weeks.  We  take  from  the 
S" iiiliixkii  II'  ijifth  r  the  following  obituary,  and  desire  to  add.  that  after  he 
moved  to  Norwalk.  lie  was  elected  a  member  of  tin- constitutional  conven- 
tion : 

"  The  deceased  jurist  was  born  in  .Jefferson  county.  Kentucky,  on  the  ISth 
day  of  .June.  Islu.  and  was  therefore  a  month  of  reaching  the  full  allotted 
measure  of  man's  life.  In  boyhood  he  was  apprenticed  toa  merchant  tailor, 
and  worked  at  his  trade  a  short  time. 

lie  turned  his  attention,  however,  to  the  law.  soon  after  reaching  man- 
hood. He  began  his  study  at  Newark,  a  IK  I  was  admitted  to  the  1  tar  at  Colum- 
bus. He  practiced  at  Newark  for  two  years,  then  moved  to  Delaware,  where 
he  remained  four  years :  tin  n  went  to  Marion,  where  he  lived  live  years,  four 
of  which  lie  served  as  prosecutor  of  the  county.  I  Ie  then  mo  veil  to  Fremont . 
where  he  lived  eight  years.  While  a  resident  of  Fremont  he  became  an  in- 
timate friend  ot  the  late  Sardis  l!erchard.  an  uncle  and  patron  of  President 
It.  15.  Hayes. 

A  bout  l^.'.o  he  too|.;  up  his  residence  at  Tillin.  and  in  \*~>\  was  the  Free  Soil 

K.   N.    candidate  for  Compress,  and  was  elected,      lie   entered    the    house  of 

representatives  with  John  Sherman,  and  soon  took   rank  as  an  ardent  friend 

of  liberty,  and  an  uncompromising  foe  of  the  slave  power.     lie  was  not  re- 

e|ect"il.  and  at  the  close  o|'  his  term  returned  to  the  practice  of  the  law. 

In  l^7o  It"  moved  to  Norwalk.  where  he  remained  until  he  made  this  cit\ 
lii>  home  in  1  S7  (. 


A  !l  Ih'HLili  In-  rliaiiiri'il  hi-  p!a<  ••  "!  ii-M'I'-iM-r  -'••>'•:.  i!  IMIH-- 
I  In-  I'M  MI;   i  .ink  .1!  tin-  In:  .  a  in  I  -••i-ui .  .|  ii.>',  mi  j  \  .IN  i-\!--ii>:\  i-  . 
I  In-  "•ciil  i  Ml  p.  i!  1  "I  III''  -I  it--.  I 'ill  .1  \\  MI-  !• -pnl.il  :•>  1 1  .1-  . 
lau  >  i- 1  .  In-  pi  a  •;!'•>•  i'\t '-m I m_'  :  !n  .'iijtt'.'i!  n-ii'.i.i!  .in  I  u  .  -!••: 
tin-  'il-1  ri'-i  ainl  -npi  ''Hi'-  ruin  I  -. 

I  ii'i'i  iiv  ,i  i  in •>  hi-  ua-  i-ii-ar   p»-:ii\  i-  .in- 1  ••••n\  :n  -in_'    .in. I   : 
ti'iiM'l  u  il  in -->•-.  iii"i '<•  I'-pi-t  iali\    in   i  Timiiiiil   I-.I-.I-OK-  '.\.i- 
c  ---I  u!  ;    i..  <TII— -i'\aimm-  in. -ill'  a'.  '-\  1"  '  i  *  \\  a-  h>-  -p.  .  i.; 
iliflii  Inn    I. -II    hi-   h.tii'l->    \\\\\\    111--  ill- lui'i— .il»l«'  :i    Ih.il    111.-    l.iu\.-i 

klli'U     III"!  i-   I'l.lll    lilt-    il'i'-li'l. 

In  i  In-  pradi'-f  ul  i  In-  \.i\\  In-  \\  ;IN  nur:'l!^  li.'!i-->! .  :.n  .ii  •.«•.••  :  in-  -in.i'1  li  n-k> 
"I  III-'  |iriili'--iiiii.  ami  I'M-I-  !  i  "in  l!n-  \  ifi->  \>\  \\\i\>  !i  \.\\\  .  •  i  -  -j.nii  a  •  In  a|-  n.. 
I"iii-!\  ami  p'.ii-  up  iii"iir\.  I'lT-oiialU  li<-  \\.i-  '.\.uiu  n\  li:>  1 1  n-n.Uliip.  -...- 
rial'!''  a  i  i<l  '••  "iip.iiii"iial'l'-  \\  i;  li  in-  1 1  ii-ii'i-.  aii'l  I"!'  ran;  "i  li"ii--*t  -I:  !l«-r  i-in  «•« 
"I  1 1  pi  nil  MI  in  i  r!  iiri"ii  »r  p"!  M  i<  •-.  1 1  <•  \\  ,\~-  •-:  IP  •-!  ••  liini>-  '  i  .IM.  I  .!•  him  •••!  >iii- 
i-i-ri;  \  in  "I  in- 1  -.  a  IM  I  li  i-  IMI  in  --i  i"--*  :ii  1  !i:-«  i  •::  ti  •!  !•••!  'M  in  I"  ,iMi»:  -h.iin- 

,  1 1  ii  |   ilopi-M-   h  Illnlillu-. 

\\  In-li   in  tin-  t'llll  \  l'_r"l    "I    In-    in  'ii!  l     p  i'.\ 
lu-lH-li.  ami  ha. I  In-  IM-CII  r!.-\a1  -'I  1"  lln-   i'  -n  'I:   U\.-iit\ 
"!   lifi  IIL;  -rlil   I"  1'iHiUI  I--N.  in-  u  "ii M   uii'plr-t  l"ll.tl'i  >  ii.i\  ••  a!  I  ,r:; 
i  iiilji-ial  h"ii.  '!'-•. 

I  n  "in- a-p'-'-I    in-  i'.iii-i-r   \\.i-  a    iripp.  '-\iinp.'-   :  ;!n 

liar.      \\'liili-  hf  h.i'l  LM'i-al  nil  111  a:  al'ilil  '••-.  tin 

In-  ih'\"li"ii  1"    hi-  I kv      !!'•    r.-.i'l   -     :i-I  ml 

1  \  .  a  IP  I  hi-  la  \\   !  i  I '!  u  \    i  -  1  '\  I.i '   1  h'-  ';  n  j  •  -'  .i'i  i  :n  •- 
"I  lln-  -l.il'-. 

II''  \\.i-   u'li-alh    ;i'liiiiii-'i    i'\    -u  -li  IIP  :i      -  -l'i  '• .  ti  ' 

.Iihlur   \\  rlrh.  a!hl  liii-l  a  '.  .'is    v.,i!  in  p    i-  •  ;ia',  !  n  ». 

a>  U"\  i-rii'ii   "!'  (In'  -la!'-.   app"inl"'i    h'ni    'u-L-. •• 
I  In-  i|i-ai  h  "1  -I  ii'iui-  I  .in.'. 

In   1  -  ;u  !n-  ma1  i  ii-'l    M  ;--    « 'ai    • '  •  n  -    -     I  '  i    •. 

him.      II  •  i"  i\.--  !"iir  .-hi!  li'-n      \l:  -,   !•  •     I.  •  M    •    i  a 

in,'-    \Villar. I.   ..1    M"iM".-     ML  h:_'.,n  .      \l- 
\\  ,il-"ii.' 


HISTORY    01     SKM-X'A    COUNTY. 


K(  >i;r.k  i  >',.  I'l.XMNt;  1  1  >\, 

OIK  of  the  oldest  lawyers  in  Tittin.  was  born  in  1  >elaware  county, 
Penns\  Ivania,  in  Iteccmber.  iSio.  i)f  (Junker  parents,  Joseph  and  Sarah 
Pennington.  who  were  also  natives  of  the  same  state.  He  was  a 
descendant  of  Isaac  1'ennington.  of  Chaltort.  Fngland,  who.  with 
(ieoixre  Fox.  'I'lionKis  Khvooil,  Robert  llarclay  and  William  IVnn 
founded  the  Society  of  Friends,  in  Fngland.  about  the  middle  of  the 
sixteenth  cen  tury. 

One  of  Isaac's  daughters.  (lulielma.  was  the  wife  of  \\'ilbam  1'enn. 
and  his  son.  F.dward  Pennington,  came  with  him  to  America  and  mar- 
ried the  daughter  of  Samuel  Jennings,  the  then  governor  of  New 
Jersey,  and  from  whom  the  Penningtons,  of  Pennsylvania  and  New 
Jersey,  were  descended. 

In  1X2^  Joseph  1'ennington  and  family  removed  to  C.'avuga  county. 
New  York,  where  they  lived  until  the  spring  of  18^4,  when  they  started 
for  the  west,  expecting  to  purchase  land  and  settle  in  the  reservation 
in  this  county.  They  came  to  Huffalo  by  the  New  York  and  Frie 
canal  and  then  up  the  lake  in  the  old  steamboat  Fnterprise,  landing  at 
Huron,  thence  by  wagons  to  Tiffin,  arriving  on  the  24th  of  May.  The 
cholera  breaking  out  in  town,  the  people  chiefly  scattered  to  the 
country,  and  the  1'ennington  family  took  up  <]uarters  in  the  southeast 
corner  of  (Tmton  township,  where  Joseph  1'ennington  soon  after 
bought  a  new  farm,  but  subsequently  pure  hased  other  lands  and  settled 
in  liloom  township,  where  the  family  resided  many  years. 

In  i<S;,7  Robert  ('•  .  1'ennington  entered  the  Huron  Institute,  at 
Milan.  Ohio,  and  after  completing  an  academic  course  there,  in  the 
fall  of  i.S^fj  began  the  study  of  law  with  Abel  Rawson.  Fsq..  then  the 
principal  lawyer  in  the  county,  having  for  a  rooMi-mate  and  fellow- 
student,  John  K.  (iibson.  a  brilliant,  noble  young  man.  who  died  in 
1X41.  before  admission  to  the  bar. 

Mr.  K.  <i.  1'ennington  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  the  spring  of   [842, 
at  Columbia.  Ohio,  in  a  class  with   Jesse    Stem.  Kdward  Smith.  Homer 
K,\  erett  and  <  leo.  W.  Thompson,  and  commenced  and  continued  the  part 
ner>lup  with  Mr.   Raw>on    until  the   latter   retired    trom  active  business 

In     February.     1^42,     Mr.     1'ennington    married    ('aroline    ('.    Kuhn. 
daughter    of  ('aptain  Joseph    I..    Kuhn.  late  of  the  I'nited  Slates  navy, 
and    _r'~a')d    daughter  ot    Lewis  ('hadwick    Iiar_;ru<e.  llriti^h  consul  iren 
cral  of   tin-  ]'ialeari<    island,    belonging    \»    Sjiain.  and    who   \va->  born  at 
Port  Mahon.  on  llie  inland  Menen   i.  one  of  the  group,  in    1X21. 

I'hree  da\iL'hter>  are  the  truit  ot    this  union:    I'.uyenia   Haixrrace.  wife 


I  Ml       III   \>    If      \N!>     I.  UV 

<>!    \hnoM  1  1  ill.  I'.-;  .  of  T,.!r,l,).  (  »h;o.    (  '.iroi;n 
Strele.  Hi   \\'\  •)inin_-   '••!  '.  ,'.o!  \  .  and   1  .i'ii>.i    Xlin 

M.     IVnn;  !i_:<  in  !.  i>  re-.ded  \<\    l';t!i:i  r.ir  !o: 


.>  -  5 

[0:1.  \\      R 


^!\ell     HUH    ll      <•!      !):•>     IIUM1!-       lild       1  1  !  <  '  P.  '  .  . 

^rowth  .uiil  pi  "'  >-]  '<•!  :  '  \  n;  1  Hi!;  \tn>>: 
and  Mi.ni'ii.K  11111114  :ntrn-^t->,  .n  uh.<  :i  In 
huliiiT.  In  i">|  7.  ^  th  He  11;.  1  1  n  >n  li'(u 
SctH't  a  iniiJit)  ii.ink.  ihr  f;t  -I  lnnk  . 
«  .i^liiri'.  lie  .I!MI,  \\iili  l.ilu.in!  (iv\\h 
tiiiii  ihr  (i.i^  I  :^h;  (  »\\\\>.\\\\  <>}  I  ;tl 


-  it-  nr-i 
t>  >  •  'pel  a 
ir-.  \v  a-  it- 


1;      iS^o    In-    w.i^tlu-    pi  i-sitlnitial    i-ln  t  >r    inr    tin-.  «  i»n.;ri---.:uu.il  f!i-» 

irii  I.  .mil  tiink.  .in  .K  ti\r    (i.irt    "ii    the  -[iiin|'  in  tin-  <  ,ui\.t^  .tin!  <  .i-t  h;«. 
\ol(.    tor   |.  ('.    I'lvmont  tor    pri'^idrnt. 

llr  \\.i^  iVoni  tiiiu-  to  tiiin-  i  .uiiiiil.itf  o!   h:-,  |i.ir:\   tor  -,.  \ci.i!   pl.u  r>  oi 
tru--t  ,uiii  honoi  .  .unon^^t  u  ln<  !i  \\  r  re  t  ho-.r  oi  rcj  >i  i->fiit.t:  i\  c  tor  ;!H'  ^t.itc 
K-Lli^i.itmv  .uni    ini-inbcr    »\    tin-    iair   roii^f  iJMtion.il  i  o:i\  t-ntiou.      In.  ill 
thc^i     (,i>r>  IK    \\.i--unaliU-    to    o\ciioinc    :!H-    !.i!_:r  1  '<  :r,oi  r.it;i    in.non 
tie-  :  n  the  i  OHM;  \    .uii  1  i  !i-t  i'ii  : 

hi     1  Sd  I  .   -It     t  he    1  U'e.lk  11U     out     ol     '  !;.     \V  .11  . 

interest    in    tlie    |>enU    th.it    ilire.iti'iieil  the  .  :<     oi    the  n.iS 

CololH']     I    ee.    M.U..I     hew.ll;.     .U.^.H..  ! 

,;i  (  i  .in  j  i.l  II  lei  i  the  1'1'^.niellt  to  the  iicii!  ,l>  .'-  ;  '  :  .1!  t  '  I  111  i  • 
lit  \\.l-  Iil.lde  .idl'lt.tn;  uellet.ii  op.  ;|ir  -t.ll!  oi  «ii:.er.i! 
.lite!  .1  >er\  '  :i  e  o|  t  \\  1  1  \  e.H'>.  t  e->;  u;!lei  1  "  >!i  a.  i  .  r  •  ;  i  ;  .  .;  '..il 
he.  nil1  lie  returned  to  hi-,  pi  ote->:on.  iit;,k  ;u  .in-i  r; 
suftVrini:  vrr\  >e\eiel\  ;n  ln>  tin.i  n«  e>  \>\  'he  n  •,  ..  -  .  '\\  -  • 
leu  \  ear-. 

\-    a    !a\\\ei    lie    ;>   .I    liettel    pie.tde!    '!:.l!i    .[•'::  li 

^enlleinan!\    and  polite.    <  onr!ro'i>    ain!    lr:<'i;<i'.\         \ 
and  l)n-ine>-  •  ]  M  a  1  ',  n  i  a  i  :  <  >  n  -  .  1  1  e  i  -  a  ^  i  e  a  t   >  ;  '  ;  d  e  n  : 
ot    tlie  day.  a  <  !ear  tliinkei    and  pin!o>md    iea-.> 
i  •  \  e  r   iine-ti^a'ed        I  I    -  '  r  :  '  n  i  !  >  h  :  p    :  •    \\  a  ;  i  p     a  i  - 
In  .in:  \     ot     ir  -•    "  make  up  '  '••     t.n  '    :ha'    ! 

h  i  n  i  -  e  !  t    '.  -   u  e  i  i    a  -   to  o  !  !  i  ,  -  r  . 


J-()  HISTORY     01      sKNI.CA    COUNTY. 

the  office  of  L.  A.  11  all.  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  iS^j.  In  18^7 
he  \vas  elected  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas.  In  1858  the  office 
of  district  attorney  ot  the  I  nited  States  was  tendered  him.  which  he 
declined.  He  was  the  < piartermaster  of  the  loist  regiment  (  ).  Y.  L, 
and  alter  serving  two  years  returned  to  his  profession.  In  1874  he  was 
the  I  )emocratic  candidate  tor  congress  in  this  district  and  was  beaten  by 
onlv  i  }9  votes.  He  was  a  delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  con- 
vention at  St.  Louis.  He  is  the  author  of  ••  Seney's  ('ode,"  and  is  a 
successful  practitioner  and  an  able  and  forcible  advocate. 

My  venerable  and  distinguished  old  friend,  the  lion,  lames  1'urdv. 
the  veteran  lawyer  of  Mansfield.  Ohio,  who  is  the  only  survivor  of  that 
pioneer  band  ot  lasvvers  that  attended  the  sittings  oi  the  first  courts  in 
Seneca  county,  was  kind  enough  to  furnish  the  writer  a  few  anecdotes 
and  descriptions  ot  a  tew  scenes  in  connection  with  the  practice  in 
those  earls  days,  but  it  took  some  urging  to  induce  Major  I'urdy  i  as  he 
is  familiarly  called)  to  do  so.  finalls  he  penned,  for  the  use  of  the 
writer,  the  following: 

M.\N>I-'II-:U).  Mas    ].   isso. 
IT.  Lnny.  /•>/. : 

I  >K  s  i;  si  i;  At  1 1  if  a^e  of  >7  |  retain  s  is  idls  in  m.s  me  mo  is  amusing  anec- 
dotes of  the  liar  in  those  earls  das  s.  a  fess  •.pecimens  of  sshich  1  give,  that 
sdiimas.it  sou  desire,  incorporate  in  proper  language  in  sour  histors  of 
Seneca  counts . 

In  those  dass  each  circuit  had  a  president  judge  a  lawser  and  in  each 
counts  there  svere  three  associate  judges  country  u'entlemen.  The  lasvyers 
called  tliis  the  "  Demarara  team."  A  sailor  ssas  lined,  and  as  he  stepped  up 
to  the  clerk  to  pay.  said  he  hoped  the  Demarara  learn  s\  as  now  sat  islied. 
lie  s\ as  asked  to  explain.  s\  hen  he  said:  "  In  1  he  Inland  of  Demarara  a  team 
is  composed  of  three  mules  and  a  jackass." 

Some  of  the  members  of  flic  liar  traveled  the  circuit  svil  h  1  he  judge.  This, 
the  s< nd  circuit,  ssas  composed  of  the  counties  of  Hichland.  Huron.  San- 
dusks.  Seneca,  t 'rau  ford.  Marion  and  Wood,  the  latter  Ix-iny;  organi/ed  in 
the  svinter  of  !>•_!:;  \.  The  members  of  the  liar  that  traseled  svilh  -Indue 
Lane  svere:  1'arMi.of  Columbus.  1'unls.  1'arker.  Mas  and  ( 'ollinbens .  of 
Maiislield.  and  l!o!t.  of  Noisvalk.  All  tlie^e  practiced  in  Seneca  eoii'its. 
The  1  ss  o  iir>:  named  handled  Ihe  whole  ciicuii.  except  Wood  counts,  \\hich 
\\  as  then  inaccessible  on  horseback  a  urea  t  portion  of  t  lie  year.  That  counl  s 
was  reached  bs  Ihe  members  of  the  bar  of  \oi  \\alk  I  is  sail-boals  from  >an- 
diisks  Cds.  'I'liese  circuit  i/ers  svere  call>-d  ••. Indue  Lane's  gang."  'I'he\ 
traveled  on  hor.seliack.  and  in  the  >priii'j  lerm  had  miidds  roads  and  deep 
^treanis  to  fo;d.  soniet  itne->  nearls  covering  their  liorses.  often  affording 
ainu-.inu  iii'-iilents.  ( 'ollinbcrrs .  Mas.  I'arker  and  ms>e|f  left  Tillin  for 
Ncs.  Ilaseii  one  das  on  the  then  traseled  mad.  Ts\o  well-io-do  farmers  on 
ttiat  roail  had  a  suit  tried  at  that  term.  I'urds  for  plaintiff  ami  <  ollinherrs 
lor  the  defendant.  Contrars  to  his  usual  practice.  Coflinberrs  abused  tlie 


Ill)       1:1    N<    H     \M  '    I-.AK. 


plaintilt  ptT-mial!\  .     >i\  iiiilf-i'Ut  tin  \   t'miml  a  l-iam  h  nl   \l<><  k\  •  ni-k   mmi- 

I  han  mid  -i'l.-  dt-f  1 1  tn  1 1  if  1 1  In  i]  -f-   ami    >  -\  ••  1 1!<>\\  in-.,'    it  -    hank  -      <  -iitinl.«-i  i  \ 
ha\  MIL,'  In-fit    a  -allnr    in    hi-   da\  .  dff  tin  d    U    |.|  i  nli-  nt   !•  •  In  ad   up  -t  I .  am    ami 
making  allnuam  .-  tm   In-  \\a\  .  -^.it  mil  '•!    tin     mail  am!  i.m  In-  I.m,,    .14.1111-! 
a  ti>-m-  u  hirh  ua- m\  iTt-d  u  i;h   \\ati-i:   hi-hm-.-       MidTmn.     !«•!!    tin-  .nil 
limkf.  Ild'-l.  -addlf  and  -addlt    I -a;,'-  \\.-li!   n\f|     In-  In-ad   MI!-,  tin-   \satf|         II. 
Uri>t   mi!   a-  lif-t    In-    i-mild    ami     tin-     jmirin-)     \\a-     !>---uiin'd.       \\  i-     ti-a<  Ind  tin- 
main  -!  i  i-am.  \\  hii-h  ua-    i  mi-idiT.-d    Inn   d.-i-|.    ;..   \.ntuu     aim--    that   da\  . 
llfi'f  tin-  plaintitl   lf-ldfd.      In  -mill  nli    tin-   ntln  I    -idf  ua-    tin-    if>nifii'  f  n| 
tin-  dt-tfiidaiil.      Tin-  '_'am_'  dft.-iniimd  In  a-k  th,     In  i-pital  it  \  .-I    (In-  plaintl!!. 
lull     t  'i'llilil'1-n  A     \  i-  In-im-nt  1\     pmtf-li-d.      .luduf    <    laik.     ihi-     |.!.nnlllt.     limit 
rlifi-rt 'nils   ift-fi\fd  u-.  tnnk  <  otlml'fin    mtn  a    i.n.in   ami   -a\f  him  a  -uit  nl 
dr\  I'lnlhf-.  tivatiiiLr  him  mmi-  kimil\  than  tin-  n--t  nt  u-    and  umiJd  mil  |>i-i 
mit  him  In  apnl,iLM/r. 

Thf>   li-tl  Tilliu  Inr  Nm  \\  alk    mi    ^umla\    nimniii-j    uiih    .lu-iu.    I. am-,   iml 
rt-arht-d  "  >:  inim'>  ridu'i-  "  ami   "  Mrmm'>   la\  ••!  n."  t  in-d.  hun^i  \  and  t  hn  -t  \ 
'I'ln-    tainilv     \\a~-    ali-fiit .  and    tin-    hmi-f    t-|n-i-d.     Tln-\     \\.-n!    in    tin-  Lain 
\sln-ri-  thf\   tmind  nat-   and    tfd    lln-n    IP  >!»••..      'I'ln-n  !ln-\   -ji-i   :nl«>  tin-  hmi^«- 

and  inln  Aunt  Mul!\  V  riiplmartl.  \sln'if    !ln\     Inimd    |i|i-ni\    .it    -^ i.  iii-h 

liakfd  hifad.  lii-i-iilt-.    jiji--    ami    all     lifff--ai  \    a-  i  nmpa  i;  ,un  ii!-    1m     a  _'mid 
dinm-i.    n!    \\liit-h    tln-\    hraitih    pailn,,)...     '|  In-   l>ai    \\.t-  I"  kid  ai-<>     l.iit  tin- 
i-iintflit-  n|  a  lin'tllf  thai   had  tin-  a  \<\  n-a  i  a  m  -t-  nl    hiamU   attiai  l.-d  tln-M  att.-n 
t  it  Hi.      \\  it  h  t  In-  tmi--.  !  hi  mi- 1 1  a  In  ih-  MI  tin-  u  iml.'U  .  tin  \   .  ,.ii-_'ht  tin    -l.-i  an 
tiT  h\    tin-  I  in/ /If   and   |  m  ili -t  I    l!    In    tin-    >  tj.fiiiliu.    ^  In  l  ••  tin-  i  hit  -I  \   f  u-Imn.-!  - 
\\t-n-    ai-rnmnmdati-il.      Il    \\.i-    i-mpt ifd.       l.ia\Mm    in    tin-    l-.u    d-mlil.-     tin- 
ainniiiil  nl   lln-  u-na!  rhaiui-.  lln-\    r|n-i-d   lln    hmi-f     liimi!il<-.|  ami   Vlt.       I  ln-> 
-i  inn  IIP- l   M  i  .  *»!  i  nii^  and    lad  \    ft  MII  ili  L:    limn   rhui  >  h  \-.      •   .  |iiM«   a  niimi-i  i  .-! 

I 1  n-inl-    In    p,n  takt-  i  >t     Aunt    \l"i !  \   -   n  h  •••    d  mm  ••     \s  h  . .        '  m-v   had     't;-|  .  , .), 
-iiim-d.      'I'hfV    ifll   tin-  -Ind-i-  In  aimln-i/f  a-  l.f-t   In-.  '.'IP 

u  a  >  . 

I'm  1    Kail,    mi    tin-    \\  t--l    -idf   -.1    lln-    i  i\  t- 1      had     li.-.-i 

-  -m  i  n  |  \  -i -at  and  tai  if  d  :  n  Mi-f  1 1  m- nt '.  \  !  ln-i  t-  \v  t  1 1-  1 1 1  -|ii<  ;.t  -  .  -,,-  : ,  ,\ ,  i  >|,.^  )„• 
;  \\i-i-n  fit  i/i-n-  nt  tin-  l\\.i  pi  at -I--.  Mi.  1 1.  •.!•_;••-  Im  .•  |  ,  -  r  M.i'i  aii-i  .  -MH 
'hi  IP-I  I  1  In -l  l  i  ntf  rt- -t  -.  \  in-  jail  v.  a-  I  HI  ;il  M.  I'l  tlin  .  .11  \  -\  a  -  '•  I :  a  \  ••!  \ 

in-a\  >   pi  i- 1 -f  n|   I  iniltt-i  .  lif  \\  fil.      'I'hf  1'inpi  n-im   ,,]  |  , ,;  •   | ;  , .  -.ilj    i,ami 

-nun-    man      and     lull    •.]    nn-n'.i-        I'ui-h    had    In-.-n    • 
during  a  t>-i  in  nl  rmn  t .    I  '.n  ; -I i   •  •  >niiin d- ••• -I   a    - 
had     him     imp!  i  -ni  n-- 1        I  If    i  ai-f  d    I  !n-    !n- a\  -. 
pii-fc-..  and  inailf  hi--  \v  a\   >ln\\  n  -i  i  f '•  I        I  'a:  I. 'in  a 

hf  u'ni   mit   nt    pi  :-.  m.       I  !•    an-u. •:••.!          I    : 
n,  fin  -.'       I  'a  i  i  >h  .  1 1  ai  ii  i  n-j  :  In-  1  a-  t  -    d  '  -m:  --•  •!  : '  - 

MI- ml.f  l  -  n|   i  in     hai    pla\  -  d    t  a;d 

-niiifl  inif  -    \^  i-n-    ilidii-t'-tl     I".     :  In-     -aim         MM      : 
-\\  nl  n  tn  !  IA   a  .-a-f  in  u  hii  h   I'.i1  :  - 
lp-\  .    ,\|  :  .    -M-.I     Ml!-'!  nipt'-d   I'll  .Mlf-  •  .11: 
Mi      cm  II  1  .     a-.l  M  l  -t      'A  i ;'  'Ui    .in     !  !id  :•   '  :  in   ' 

-rantfd.      Hf  -  all-  d   Mi.   I'.u  i-h    :-- 

rmil.iMii  ii1-;'  i  u  n  i-mmt  -  !••!   uaini '' '  1 1_' 

In  i  MIC  c  i  Mint .  \\  h  i.'h  In-  -a '-I  \\  .i-  a  •_•••  lit  i 


}7'^  HISTORY    or    SK.NKCA    COUNTY. 

the  other  lie  plead  "  not  guilty."  and  said,  "thatd     <1  shoemaker's  game.  I 
ii«-v»'r  play."      Sea  formerly  was  a  shoemaker  by  trade. 

.F.  I5o\d.a  farmer  and  early  pioneer  on  Honey  creek,  boxed  a  young  fel- 
low's ears  at  a  log  rolling,  for  which  lie  was  indicted.  \Villiam  Clark,  also 
an  earl)  pioneer  and  a  tanner,  had  an  old  fashioned  list  iciiff  with  a  neighbor. 
for  which  he  was  indicted  also.  Their  t  rial  sea  me  on  at  t  he  same  term  :  each 
determined  to  defend  himself.  Mr.  liovd's  ease  was  first  heard.  The  wit- 
nesses were  examined  and  the  prosecuting  attorney  addressed  the  jur\. 
I'ncle  .limni).  although  a  very  intelligent  man.  found  himself  very  much 
embarrassed  in  examining  the  witnesses,  and  his  speech  in  defence  was  a 
failure.  He  sat  down  discomfited.  ( ).  Parish  volunteered  to  reply  on  behalf 
of  the  state,  and  scared  him  severel)  .  He  was  found  guilty  and  lined  s.~>.oo. 
the  ordinary  charge  in  such  cases  at  thai  time. 

I'ncle  Bill\  was  intelligent  and  had  practiced  in  justice's  courts,  besides 
he  was  naturally  shrewd.  His  case  came  on.  In  examining  the  witnesses, 
he  did  well.  The  prosecuting  attorney  made  a  short  speech  intending  to 
give  Parish  full  space  to  reply  to  I'ncle  Hilly.  The  jud^e  said.  "  Mr.  Clark, 
do  yon  wish  to  address  the  jury?"  Having  tin-  fear  of  Parish  before  his 
eyes,  he  answered  :  "  No.  your  Honor,  that  little  speech  is  not  worthy  of  an 
answer."  Parish  was  disappointed,  being  cut  off  in  this  manner. 

A  la  rye  portion  of  the  early  pioneers  of  Seneca  count  \  emigrated  from  New 
York.  In  that  state  grand  jurors  receive  no  pay.  The  sheriff  selected  them 
from  the  most  independent  free-holders,  who  could  afford  to  spend  their 
time  and  money.  They  organized  and  adopted  certain  rules  for  their  gov- 
ernment.  For  absence  at  roll  call  the\  were  lined  a  bottle  of  brandy.  The 
Seneca  counts  grand  jur>  adopted  the  same  rule,  and  the  full  bottle  was 
always  on  the  table.  .Ind^e  Lane  was  notified  of  the  rule,  gave  the  tyrand 
jur\  a  blowing  up.  ordered  its  repeal,  and  the  practice  discontinued. 

Now  these  things  were  quite  amusing  to  us.  but  whether  the  present  gen- 
eration \\ill  take  any  interest  in  them  is  for  you  to  judge. 

Very  respeetfull)  \  ours.  etc.. 

•J.    I'l'HDV. 

Another  case,  in  !act.  one  ot  the  lirst  jury  cases  in  our  common 
pleas  court,  should  also  lie  remembered.  It  was  the  case  of  Ilennett 
against  Knight  for  false  imprisonment.  The  plaintiff  had  been  ar- 
raigned before  Knight  as  a  justice  of  the  peace,  for  stealing  calves,  and 
was  by  him  sent  to  prison.  Parish  tor  plaintill,  Purdy  for  defendant. 
In  lii^  argument.  Parish  regretted  that  he  had  claimed  in  his  declara- 
tion but  S^oo.  The  small  room  in  which  court  was  held  wa~- denselv 
(  rowdcd.  A  wag  called  out,  "  It  the  Picnnetts  can  make  ^oo  stealing 
calves  they  had  better  <]iiit  the  h<»g  business."  The  judge  could  not 
find  the  disturber  in  the  crowd,  and  the  contempt  ot  court  was  neces 
>aril\  left  unpunished. 

About  two  month--    bctore    the    death    ot    Mr.    l\;'Wsoii.    he  visited  tin- 
writer  and  requested  him  to  insert  in    the  historv  of    Seneca     <  ounty-- 
if  he  should  ever  write    one    -the    writer's    response    to    a   toast  at  a  bar 


>7«> 

mrctmi,'.  held  in  tlu-  Sh.iuh.m  Hmix-.  nn  ilu-  fVfjiin.;  "I  tlic  ',:th  ol 
NI  n  c.  m!  n  : ,  iX;^.  I  hf  nirrtMi^  v\.i^  .in  c\i  i-nlin^h  pif.i>.int  .m.i:r. 
Tln-rc  i>  iin  tncril  in  tin.-  p'u't\.  .i:;il  nullr.i:^  1ml  ;nv  ti-^pi-.!  tor  \li 

l\.iu-on'-  !-•  ,i:c>t  «  .in  .iittiln^i   r  lui   thr  '.»••:.}  .'.  :.ikc>  here 


T!ii-  alio\  i-  ioaM .  i  finl  ;it    i  In'   l.tu  v  i'i ''-  If  M !  v  ;il .  i  >ii  !  In-  >-\  i-n  i  m_r  •  >t    I  hi-  ;;m  1 1 

ami     a--iL'llfil    In    .linl^c     U'illlalll     I  .a  liu'.  (  a  I  !f  1 1    .-111    I  tlf   t  n||ou  i  Hi,'  p.M't  ji-;il  /.  14 

<T.  >/,,,-  1 1  MIII  t  lir  .1  mli:f : 

\\ '  1  ii-n  \ nlnai   m  i  i  H  U  \\  il  1 1  f  pit  lir!  -.  1 111  \  i-  i  Inn  i- 

Ami  ^pi-iil  I'll  n>  tin  ir  la-^i  i>t   ciiiiiiiiHii  Inn; 

\\  licll  p»rt>.  >tll!r^llli'li .  \\;irrii>r^.  mn-  HIM!  all. 

lla\c  inn  llirii  ci>nr>f  i>n  tln^  IITI  i->t  i  ia!  l>all. 

'1'lif  t'anir  ot'  Titling  LTI'TII  IMLT  kniirlil^  ^liall  ^taml. 

( 'oinpariiiLT  ui'll  \silli  an\   in  lln-  lainl. 

Thrrf'>  -I"lin  -I.  Slfim-r.  and  uiir  lirnllici  Si'i>ti. 

Thr  ti'inuT  iiu\\  ciijii\-~a  1'ai'iin-r'^  lul. 

'1'lic  lallrr.  dim  nidi  |i\    Katf  ami  I'npj.r-  Iniir. 

lla>  Icll  llic  fiirtli  ami  nii>\fil  in  lii>iif\  iiiixin. 

I'lfcun^f.  l'u|-  la\\   tit-  iir\ci  raifil  a  I't-alln-r. 

>l    I      I    l|'|         ||C        U     fill         \V      il     I    I        I   I    l\     f   .       >l|l    If   -N.        Ill    II    I  I     •*       ill    II    I        ll'lll     llf   | 

\\  lit-iif  \  fi  \c  in  Ini^iiif^^  ri'iin^fl  iifi-il. 

(  >r  in-fil  aim!  lu-i   in  >  "in  i-an^c  li  i  pit-ail . 

A  in!  \  f  in  ni>ti  nl> .  a  i  nl  t-hai  •_;!•  il  \\  it  li  cniiif . 

A  ii'  I  >  »•  (A  In  )•>!•  rn-il  ill  ir^  IP  i  |ii  i  i>t-  i  ii   i  li\  nif 

('an  ^ni'llif;     ami  >••  uln»f  ilt-liim1-  -i  iililmi  n  U-, 

•  1  'l  '  i\  lilf  1 1    \  (  HI   ill  S\  ll\  •<  ri'lllf   \\  il  li  il    Iff. 

1 1  f  if  I  !au  ^i'ii  li\  f  •>.  ami  \\  ill  -M  MI  .  I'i  !l;n  >.  \<  •<  i 
.|i  ihn^i  in  anil  ^li-in.   llall.  ^t- m- \  .   I  .amai  f  an  \  . 
Nulilf .  i  'nmiM-.  I  lil.liiif.  (.1  iiliili.  Ikt- . 
S;i\   in  '1 1 1  i  ii'_r  "!'  t  he  >t-  IT  n  mi  It-   l.iu  \  f  r  I'ikf : 
UtTf'^  \\ 'iUmi.  \\liiiniiff  prtiM-i'iilnr.  latf. 
\\  a>  i  lm>f  n  uiir  n\\  n  ^t-  naii  M  ••!  -I  ;»!«•: 
Ainl  lif  \\liii  iiiiifli  aliniimU  in  \\nj-iU  anil  Inn 
<  >|  i  fiit|\  ad  ion.  'I'.  < '.  Turn-'  m; 
llfif"-^  .loli  i  in  \    I '.i  \  i  if.   1 1  if  man  \\!P>    li\    iht-  \>\ 
\\  a>  1 1- |M  f^f  nliit  i\  f     m-ar  -:\  Ii-fl   liiu'lr. 
Ami   I  .i  i  in  Ion.   I  .f  f.  u  lio  al\\  a\  •>  |.-i  a  -M>IIU' 
\\  i !  i   n  i  a  k  i  •  \\  i  o  n  -   i  i  L.'  1 1 1  .  .  1 1  i '  I    i '  1 1  a  n  _'i  •  i  i  _;  1  i !    :  1 1 '  •  i  \\  i  .  1 1 1  -.; 
(  1 1  n  1 1 1 1  "'I  f  1 1 1  .1  o  1 1  n   ">  1 1 1 !  1 1 1    a  1 1 '  1  •>  1 1 1  !\  n  i  •  \     \\  .  t 
I  'ill.  n-.  •      Miirtin.    I  Iftlu'i--.   \\  li"    :l"'\    -a\ 
II. i,  Ii  It   III.-  lau       Iln    huli.  ' 
\  ml  :'oiif  a>l  i  a\  .  \\  il  li  inoiif  \ 
I ', it  If  I  -on.   I'l'.i  n  -I'll  .  at   la  -'     ii.>:    '.  ., 
Tin- 1  f '-  n"  "'•••  !i  ni. in  a-  \\  f  1     , .  1 1  "in   \\  •  -: 
\\  lull    ,.n  lln-  l.t-m-li  "t    I..-..].:.    -  |.'..|..iti'-  f..'i:! 


3X0  HISTORY    01      SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

Sits  our  esteemed  and  worthy  -John  K.  Ilord: 
Kobert  <•.  Peiiniiiii'ton.  piuir  fellow.  ;r<>ne 
To  see  the  railroad  matters  all  alone: 
And  (•ilison     so  agreed  amon.u'  tin*  fjods. 
Is  treasurer  of  state  by  many  odds. 

Let  satire  scoff,  and  wicked  critics  frown. 

There's  no  sncli  iralaxy  from  congress  down  ! 

Represented  well  in  every  station. 

Look  first  to  the  counsel  of  the  nation. 

Then  to  the  ollicers  of  state  —  then  see 

The  senate's  chairman     one  of  us  was  lie; 

And  in  the  lower  house,  our  N'olile  sat. 

While  we  at  home  supplied  the  bench  at  that: 

Made  school  directors,  and  encouraged  science. 

Turned  stumpers  and  set  statesmen  at  deliance; 

I'racticed  philanthropy  in  Christian  meekness. 

Made  money,  too.  from  other  people's  weakness. 

Attended  fail's  and  studied  agriculture. 

In  short,  watched  everything  from  pink  to  vulture. 

brethren,  let  us  stand  together. 

>  rass;   in  adverse,  stormy  weather: 
Now  push  about  the  social  Mowing  bowl. 
Drink  liistv  draughts,  fraternal  How  of  soul. 
And  may  he  now.  and  ever  lie  a  beast. 
Who  feels  no  joy  in  this  fraternal  feast. 
A  nd  one  and  all.  take  counsel,  be  advised. 
ll\   no  temptat  ion  let  us  be  ent  iced 
To  lose  the  secret  of  this  earthly  life. 
So  full  of  blessings,  full  of  peace  and  strife: 
Ma\  each  and  e\er>   noble,  honest  heart 
P>e  trill)  man.  and   braveh  act  his  part: 
And  when  we've  finished  even  case  below. 
When  nature's  law  shall  bid  us  hence  to  »-o. 
To  meet  the  .ludu'e  of  nations  at  the  bar 
Of   Hist  ribunal  in  the  world  afar: 
Ma>  each  in   peace,  prepared  to  close  the  race. 
Make  .mi  himself  a  u'oo  I.  conclusive  case. 


f    every  lawyer  then    in    Seneca    <nmu\ 
except  the  writer's. 


\\  as  !>orn  in  1  ,11  /.erne  county.  Pennsylvania.  I  une  ;  4.  i  .S  _>o.  1  1  is  lather's 
name  was  \\"illiam  Noble,  and  hi--  mother's  maiden  name  Rebcci  a 
I.vtle.  The  parents  moved  to  Wayne  counts,  '  )hlo.  when  (hey  had 
three  little  children,  and  located  in  Salt  ('reek  township,  some  ten 
miles  east  ot  Wooster.  In  1^4  the  family  moved  to  Medina  countv. 


I  HI      ]:t  \<   II     \M>    It  \1- 

ulnie  lather  Nnl.ie  h.it!  Inm-h:  .1  tarn:  H<  h\ed  then-  .ill 
\rar-.  uhen  In-  -old  the  'arm.  and  takin..'  \\:th  li;in  hi-  n!de-t  -<-i 
tii  l.n  k-<  >n  t»u  n-,h;  |>,  \v  here  he  had  |>r  e\ -.nil  :\  «ii'i-ii-i!  i -•  air 
l)':i!r  .1  -in. ill  r.il>:n  MJUMI  :t.  '1  hen  lu-  re!i;nn-d  ;.>:  ;!.<-  !.nu 
l>r»  iLlht  them,  line  .:i  lS;i,  The  «  .lli.Il  |.n,\ed  !•>  In  •..,.  -mai 
!a:  _c  a  lain ; I\  .  ar.i  I  -•  -me  i '!  the  1"  >\  -  li.iti  l«  •  -  '<  i  |  •  i:  • ' .  ••  u  .i_ri  M 
a :n  it  her  adii  nniiiL;  '  al'.r,  t  •  i'i!t  1  in-  t  < ij; -'.!"':<  '<••!  I '. \  ih;  -  •  .JIM  ' h 
nine  ->  MI-  and  DIH-  ila?;^h!t-r.  1  lie  da-uli'i-i.  \la:\.  -  T  In- \\;  ti- 
ll .-•  r .  <  >  n  i  i  >  i  ;  1  u  •  j  •  i  <  •  -  <  i ; ;  i  1 1  n  n  t  \  t  <  <  1 1 : 1 1 1 :  -  -  <  >  i  n  •  i  -  '  '  • 
art  -till  li\  ;n-  •  the  -nl-if  t  nl  th:-  -ki-!(  h.  \S  an  en  l'<  r :  \  \  '  !«  .  1 1 
\"!>!r.  the  |>!V-riit  inavnr  <>|  litlui.  ('aplain  \I  "I:1.-  'M.<-r  \  \  >i 
I '  >!M;  N  '  >1  !:<•.  i  ii-rk  i  >'  tin-  c  "  Hirt  in  (  !a\  t  i  iun'. \  .  K an -.i~ 

\\arn-n    1'.   li\nl    \\nli    lii-    latlu-r    <M!  :l.i-    iaiin.  ai.-i  a-  lie  _MV 

l)D\  fi 1.  n  <  r;\  rd  -in  h  -«  hot  >!  nlin  at  n  MI  a-  :!.<    <  •  -initi  \   a  :•••;«!' 

nat'ii'i    IKK!     rii(l<>\vr<l    h:in    u:  ill     a     ^'"nl    pl:\ -;i  jin-.    u::':      a    inn 
a\t-r.ur   anifini    <>l    luain.    aini  alni\i-    all.  \\ith  a  -jiirit  t>!  :;n!i:-: 
[•IT  -f\  iT.im  i'    ;  ha!    kiit-\\    in  i    ! ;  nn.;.       1  I  r   .i]  ]  •'. ;<  t  i  !:  :iii-i-'i!  ',>  >  1 
atni  \\a-  -DIM)  rnaliii-i!  to  Ic.n  h  -.  hinii  m  tin    1,1  :  _  1.1  n  >r!n  >t  >il  • .;  h 
finlirai  :n_;   I  t»-tnr:a.       Mr.    |nhn    I  awrnn  r.    11^::      (    har'ir-   l-t-!i 
1  a<  '  '! '  (    a]  iic-.      !  'ill :  ",-    \  .    1 1  MIC-.     \\  r| c     .us. 'i  M;  _     )      •    -i  !.   '!a:  -.    .ill"  i 
\\  In  >  h  a\  t-  a  l-i  i  l>o  t  >un-  cin  iin-nt   in  I:''1        In    I  i-l<i  u.tr  \ .    i  N.;.1.  hi- 
tin-  !a\v    I'ttnc    t>l    Kaw->Mi    ami    I't-nniii^!i  m.    i':     I  ;l!:n.  ami     ::    i  •* 
.:ilni/i!rd     t"     tin-     bar.       i  nun    that    I:nn     tn    thi-    ilay    In-    lia-    t.t 
apphn  1  h  iin-rll  t<  i  tin-  j>r.n  tit  r. 

In     1*47.    iMi    tin-     i;t!i    da\     nl      \u^n-l.    In-    inann-d    \la:\     1     . 
da'.i_'htt-r  .  >l    Mr.     1.    Sin-rr.    i>t'  'I'ltlin.       Mi-,   \ol.ic    tin-tl  .. 
Mar.!:.   iS;-.  K-avin.-    Mr.    Nol.U-    with    thivi-    little    .  hii.'.r.  i 
uirl-  and  a  liahv     1><>\    Imt  a  te\v  da\  -    nld.       1 1  f  r  a.  M-.  !  ami  ''i"..  .1 
i  hildn-ii,     and    tin-    Liirl-    arc    linth    married.       I'M  lie    :-    Mr-     \\ 
I'.ate-.  nl   I  >a\  tun.  <  thin.    Mar\    I '.lien  i-   Mr-,     via-  \\  .  (  Iralt.  n 
'I    it  n.  (  (hi..:    \\  arren   I  re.ietn  k.  tin   -..i:.    -  a  -rad<:a'.    ..'  '!  e  t  »:. 


}82  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

re-elected  in  iS^o.  serving  tour  years,  except  a  short  time  before  the 
expiration  of  his  term,  when  lie  resigned.  In  1860  he  was  elected  to 
the  thirty-seventh  congress  over  Judge  Carey,  the  Whig  candidate  for 
his  second  term,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  thirty-eighth  congress  over 
judge  \Vooster,  of  Norwalk.  who  was  his  colleague  in  the  previous  term, 
having  been  thrown  into  this  district  by  the  change  of  districts  prior  to 
the  election.  Mr.  Noble  was  a  war  Democrat,  and  served  as  such  dur- 
ing the  war  to  March  4th.  1865. 

He  was  one  of  the  trustees  of  the  (  >hio  state  universitv  for  ten  years, 
having  been  first  appointed  by  (iovernor  Hayes.  After  the  death  of 
lohn  T.  Huss  and  the  failure  of  the  First  National  bank  in  Titiin.  Mr. 
Noble  was  appointed  as  its  receiver.  He  settled  claims  against  the 
institution,  amounting  to  $240,000,  paying  sixty  cents  on  the  dollar,  and 
settled  up  the  concern  with  the  least  litigation  and  in  the  shortest  time 
of  any  bank  that  failed  since  the  inauguration  of  the  present  banking 
system.  He  has  been  the  president  of  the  Commercial  bank  ever  since 
it  started,  in  June.  1876.  and  is  the  president  also  of  the  Tiffin  Mutual 
Aid  association,  and  a  member  ol  the  Tirtin  board  of  education.  Dur- 
ing the  construction  ot  the  Baltimore  and  ()hio  and  the  Mansfield  and 
Cold  Water  railroads,  he  took  a  verv  active  part,  as  he  always  did  in 
all  public  enterprises. 

Mr.  Noble  owes  his  great  success  in  life  to  that  indomitable  industry, 
integrity  and  perseverance  that  have  marked  his  whole  life  from  his 
boyhood. 

WILLIAM     11.     l,ll',s(>\ 

Was  born  in  <  )hio.  May  i(>th.  1X22.  and  soon  thereafter  his  parents 
moved  to  Seneca  county,  in  the  same  year.  His  paternal  grandparents 
were  from  Ireland,  and  his  maternal  grandparents  from  Wales.  He  was 
reared  on  a  farm  on  Honey  creek,  in  Kden.  and  worked  with  his 
father,  lohn  (iibson.  at  the  carpenter  trade.  After  he  had  attended  the 
<  ninmon  schools,  he  attended  one  year  at  the  Ashland  academy.  lie 
re, id  law  in  Tiffin  in  the  oth<  e  ol  Rawson  \'  I'ennington.  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1845.  He  was  the  Whig  candidate  tor  attorney 
irenrral  in  i8;^.but  was  defeated.  He  was  elected  treasurer  of  >.tate  in 
18;^.  and  r<"-igned  in  1*57.  lie  entered  the  army  as  colonel  of  the 
4()th  < ).  V  I  .  in  i .so  i.  and  commanded  a  brigade  and  division  of  the 
armv  of  the  Cumberland,  leading  his  <  ommand  in  forty  two  conflicts. 
He  'eft  the  army  with  the  rank  ot  brigadier  general,  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  the  law  in  Tittin.  1 1  e-  <  jtiit  the  practice  in  i  87  j.  and  applied 
himsel!  vcr\  industriously  to  railroad  enterprises.  He  bore  a  very  con 
spi<  ii'uis  part  in  all  the  political  campaigns  i  ver  sine  e  the  organi/ation 


i  UK    1^  St   II      \Nli    I: AK.  j.S  > 

ol' the  Republii  .in  parts.      He  is  .in  orator  o!    no  ordmarv   <ahbie.    .nnl 
during  tlu-  past    two    \ear^    he    prea<  hcd    under    a   In  nise    in  tlu-   M      1 
<  hurt  h.      \\  lu-n  I  ios  ernor  1  •  o^tt-i  wa-.  inaugurated  ^o\  cm  or  oi  (  MHO  on 
the    se(  ond    Monda\     in     |anuar\     List,   tinier. ti    (iibson    w. is  appointed 
;uliutunl  "cnera!  oi  '  Miio.  ssh.i  h  oUn  e  he  holiU   to  tin-  d,t\ 


Was  horn  M  a\  Nth.  i  S.j  c ,  \\\  I  lope  we  1 1  township.  senei  a  i  ouiil\ .  •  >hi«> 
He  graduated  al  Heidcll»er^  i  olle^e  tn  \^'<i,.  was  admitted  to  'he  !>.ii 
in  iS;  i ,  and  i>  now  the  jirosenit in^  attorney  ot  the  >  oi:nt\  . 

\  M  >  1 1  N    i      ! .  \<  i  u  i  K 

\\'as  liorn  in  \\  a->hiiiL;ton  (ount\.  \Iarvland.  >i-pteinlie!  i;;h.  i^^.v 
^ratluated  at  Heidelberg  in  i  .S;; ^  ;  wa^  admitted  to  t he  | .rai  !i<  e  n  i  S;  S. 

and  iinmediatei)   located  in  'I  itln,. 

i  \  i  i  •  i ;    K     H  i  i  •  1 1 ;  i       1 1 1 1 1  i  \  i 

\\  .IN  born  i  >i  tober  Stli.   i  •(  \<>.  in   llioom  township,  ^i  n  :^\ .  •  il; 

I  U    i>  the  ->e\  i-nti -enth  i  hi  Id  •  >\     i.  •  im  . !\    oi  ,•  •  ,-ji        1 1 , -    w  t^ 

admitteii    to    prartii  e    ia\\    :n     i  -> ;  i         !       |A7.i  ''<'      'ii!e< 
with  nun  h  ab:ht\.       I   pon  ;he  i.i.lu:--  ot  '.}i.^   eii:«  iji:.-e.  !.     levinied    !<• 
the  pra<  'i»  e.      'I  r.n  in_u  ba<  N  hi-  t.uniiv   re.  onl  lie  bet  ainc  - .1:  -:ied    tli.i* 
the  tanni\    name  ,^  \\<  >ttal. 

ii  ill  N      M    •     \  I    I   M 

\\  UN  burn  in  ( 'oluml>iana  (  oiin' \ ,  i  )li;o.  I  »e(  rniltei    i    t h.  i  •> ;.}       i  I  •  \s  i  > 

edu<  ated  at  the  nni\er>it\  at    helaware.  \\here  he  implied  hi-.  <  o'.ir  »i%  'n 

1X51;.       I  Ie  « .i>  admitted  to  the  bar    ;n    i.S'i    .  v\  lien    he      «i  aied    n     I    !ti;i. 

lie  wa-.  elcc  ted  pro>eiuun^    a'tom.-\     :n     i '•'•;;.  .nn!  !  ..!!;ii 

\  ear-..         He    wa-.   ele(  ted    a    me  mli'l    <>\    :  lie    ia!e  '  '  >'!•-; :'  'It ;. 

to  till  the  \ii<  .im  \   •  reated  b\    the  d,  alh  o!  1  >i     t  )  (  '..jino          In  <  ».  ;,,| 

i  NII.  he  was  elei  ted   ind^e  '  >'  tin 


HISTORY    OF    SKNK.CA    COCNTY. 


Was  born  in  Wyoming  county,  Pennsylvania.  March   ist,  1 84X1  came  t< 
Tittm  in  1X70.  and  was  admitted  to  the  liar  in  1X72. 


\\  as  born  August  lOtli.  1X4^.  in  Allegheny  count}',  Maryland.  He  is  a 
graduate  oi  Heidelberg  college,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  law  in 
I  >eceml>cr.  i  Xdq. 

H.    i  .    KKIM'KI. 

\\'a-  horn  in  Hopewcll    township,  March  _'oth,  1X47.      He  is  a  graduate 
of  Heidelberg  college,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  law  in   1X72.  and  is 
now  ot  the  law  firm  of  II.    ('.  «.V  (..    1!.   Kepple:    was   married  at  Indian 
apolis  to-day,  lune  j<)th.  iSSo. 

i.    11.    iTi  •[•KNCKR 

U'as  born  December  lotli.  iSj.S.  in  Frederick  county,  Maryland:  came 
to  'Tiffin  with  his  father's  family  in  1X^0:  was  admitted  to  practice  law 
in  iX^c.  and  for  very  many  years  was,  and  now  is,  ot  the  law  firm  ot 
Hall  \-  I'ittenger. 

Kl'sll     AlilKVI   I 


M-'TTIK     CRoXlSK    AMi    KI.(  )  RKN'CK    CRON'ISK, 

Sisters,  and  graduates  of  Heidelberg,  natives  of  'Tiffin,  some  six  year.-> 
ago  were  admitted  to  practice  law:  probably  the  first  ladies  in  Ohio 
that  entered  the  legal  profession.  'The}  are  both  in  the  practice  now. 
One  i-  practicing  by  herself,  without  a  partner,  and  the  other  is  in 
partnership  with  another  lawver. 

Ainonu  ihr  very  man}'  remarkable  things  already  related  about 
Tittm  and  Sen<-<  a  <  oiinty.  the  most  remarkable  of  all  is  the  fact,  that 
here  :n  I  ilfm.  t  \\  o  1  iw\'ei"s  married  each  olliei".  and  are  now  raising  two 
mosi  lovel}  little  daughters  about  three  and  four  years  old.  I  .el  any 
oilier  !o\\n  in  the  I  nitcd  States  sav  tlie  like. 


( 'le\  eland  (  oininenial  in-titute.  lie  \\a-  u-!irr  in  I'll'-;  N  .ii'inn.i;  !>ank. 
ic. nl  law  in  hi-  lather'-  i  ittn  e.  ami  ua-  idmitted  {n  j.r.n  tii  f  ;n  Is;;. 
\vln-n  lu-  bei  anir  the  law  par'.iHT  <>l  hi-  lathiT. 


1>  tin-  -on  ii!  Auu'i-iu-  and  1  itti.i  S<  liuart/.  ami  wa-  !i»rn  in  Au-!;n. 
Trxa-.  NI  i\  rnilirr  i.  i  ^5  .\.  Ilis  tiintlHT  i-  .1  Ma--'>nv,  «hn>i-  ta:h.rr'> 
family  wen-  annum  tlic  early  -rttK-r>  in  I  1  <  >\  n-u  <•!!.  aii'i  i  anu-  troin  I'.c! 
^luin.  >hi'  ui-nt  witli  tlir  lain;l\  i>!  lo^r  >'.rni  IMMH  hrrv  tn  I  r\a-. 
wlu-rr  Strni  \va>  Iiuiian  a^nit.  am!  ulirir  lie  ua-  k.iifil  \>\  ."im-  Im!:aii«.. 
|ohn  \'>.  S<  huar;/  \va-  ailniittfii  tn  tin.-  l>ar  in  i  ">;<)  am!  1m  atnl  :n  Tittin. 


\\  a-^  1  m rn  in  N  rw  N  i  >rk  i  it  \'  in  N  m  rinl  u-i .  i  ->^M  .  \\  a>  adm  :!!nl  i*\  jirai 
tier  in  Man-field,  1  iliin.  |:il\  jn,  1^71;.  ami  -eltied  :n  I  ittin  -nnti  there 
alter. 

II.     i .    N1.  1   !   I   I    I 

\\  a-  1  n  'i  n    lanuai  A    21.    i  S;f>.   in    Ihnni] .  >»n   l<  >\\  n  -1;  ;[•.  :n   :  h  .  >  >  .••:!:;  \  .  anil 
wa-.  admitted  tn  the  ! MI    I  nin-  .-.    i  S.s  \  a;  tlie  -uj  >i>  ir.e  *  •••; i :  ;:•  >   •  li-iiili::^. 

lie    i  n  i    a  t  e  d    ill      I   ,  1 1 1 II    1 II 1 1 1 H '  d  1 .1 1  e  1  \     t  1  i  e  I '  e  a  '  \  e  1" . 


}8(>  HISTORY    01     SI.Xl-X'A    COfNTY. 

The  following  are  the  names  ol"  young  men  who  are  reading  law  in 
Tiftin  now.  with  a  view  of  pursuing  the  profession.  \i/:  J.  (Calvin 
Rover.  Walter  S.  Cramer.  |ohn  ('.  Rickenbatigh.  Ira  V..  Strong.  Warren 
F.  Noble.  Henry  J.  Wcller,  James  H.  Phut,  R.  1).  Reed.  David  W. 
Speilman.  lohn  \\'.  Leahy.  Charles  \\".  Rep]),  Frank  Hess.  There  is 
also  a  young  lady  reading  law  —  Miss  Ldith  Sams. 

After  the  commencement  of  this  work  two  members  ol  the  bar  ol 
Tiffin  died  very  suddenly  and  unexpectedly.  Mr.  Alfred  l.andon  died 
at  his  residence  after  a  few  hours'  illness,  in  a  sinking  chill,  and  a  few 
weeks  after,  near  the  close  of  the  fall  term  of  the  court  ot  common 
pleas.  Mr.  Ceorge  W.  Hachman  was  found  dead  near  his  gate,  having 
fallen  out  of  his  buggy. 

Mr.   l.andon  died  Saturday  morning.  October  4.  1X79. 

Mr.   Dachman  died  October  ji.   1^79. 

Mr.  Landon  was  a  member  of  the  Titlin  bar  for  twenty  live  years 
and  held  the  ottices  ot  prosecuting  attorney  and  mayor  ot  Titfm. 

Mr.  Hachman  was  also  mayor  ot"  Tiffin,  prosecuting  attorney  and  one 
of  the  directors  ot  the  Seneca  County  Infirmary.  He  \vasa  member  ot 
the  Tiftin  bar  since  1X07. 

It  is  a  most  remarkable  fact  that  all  the  lawvers  who  have  died  in 
Seneca  county  passed  away  very  suddenly,  without  being  sick  any 
length  of  time.  Mr.  Seiiey  dropped  dead  on  the  Moor:  Richard  Wil- 
liams died  suddenly:  Jesse  Stem  was  shot  dead  in  Texas;  |oel  W. 
Wilson  was  not  considered  seriously  ill  when  he  died:  Thomas  C. 
Tunison  was  sick  only  a  day  or  two;  Leander  Stem  was  killed  in  the 
battle  of  Stone  River:  Afred  Landon  and  Ceorge  Uachman  died  as 
related  above,  and  Luther  A.  Hall  passed  away  In-fore  the  brethren 
knew  that  he  was  seriously  ill:  Mr.  Rawson  was  complaining  only  a  few 
days  betore  he  died:  \\illiam  M.  Johnson  expected  to  get  well  the  da\ 
before  he  died,  but  had  been  suflermg  from  consumption  tor  years. 

I  \Ml.s     |'l  |   |. A  RS 

Promised  a  halt  do/en  times  to  lurnish  the  writer  with  a  little  sket«  h  of 
hinisell.  to  !u  entered  here,  and  having  neglected  to  do  so.  I  can  only 
say  ot  him  thai  lie  is  a  ver\  able  jurist,  and  that  since  he  has  served  on 
the  common  pleas  bench  ten  year-,  he  ha->  returned  to  the  prat  tice  in 
Tiftin. 

Wll.l.l  \M     I     \\C. 

^\  ai  '  '  om  and  want  of  desire  to  write  m\  bio^raphv  will  make 
the  >torv  -'I  the  writer  avery  short  one. 

M<  n>  Jarvis  .      the  end    and    the    highest    peak    of   the  Vosges  inoun- 


t.i;n>    in    the    I'alatma'e    ;n    <  ,ei  manx         \     httlr    -»niitli  ••! 
where  the   \  u-^e^  -dope  a\\a\    :i\    [..A     :..!i^    ;nt.i    i}\,-  liof.i 
Rhine,  ami  ,.n   it,  let:   Lank  :         f,   (    anton  ,,:   \\.-.IIIA,-. 
lit  tli-   town     >1    Sippi-r~.h-ld.        II     :       1    A  i-   i'  •:!;  '.;:   'he   i  j-;; 
IHT.    1X1^.       1    \va>    tiie    se'.en'ii     ih.id    ami    the    In-.:     MMI 
'  'atlienne    I  an;;. 

1'atlier  kepi  me  at  •M  i.ooj  ::nt;I  \\  e  ^t.uteil  iii;  \:m-i. 
intention  to  prepare  me  tor  '.lie  pr<>le>M'in  .>!  -•  \\»<>>  ti 
we  arn\  ed  in  I  ;ttin  <  MI  t!  e  i  S;  'n  .  it  August,  i  .">  ;  ;.  m\  in: 
inniii  n..;  lie  nt:!:/eil  \  er\  \\eii.  ami  I  entereii  'in-  c-a':>-.-i 

in  the   -pi  .n^   Ml     i  -.  )     .     1    entere.l   the   i  .!tn  i     "!     M  :      |.i- 
law.       M  i     -M-ne*.    ^a\  e  the  j'l  ,u  t  ii  e  m  i  atteii'  ii  in,  ani>|-'.V.ii;TJi 

i"i  ateil    in     1  ittiti    late  ;n  the    tail    •>!    :';.-•  -•inn-  \eai.  a'   -; 
Mr.  Sem-N.   I   ,  ntere.l    Mi      (   ..A,;,  -:-\\  ,,.[„  e    a-  a    i  ni- 
i!a\  ..I    I  •:!>.   i  -^-.   I   w.ix   ,,'im;::-  ,1    t,,    the    pra.  •,,  e    .'i-'   I  . 

•  Mi. o.       l-i'L-     1..    i  ane    i.  1m  I  ;, 
•A  a-  t'm-  i  !i.i:rman  'it    the    i  'inim.''i  e  ;h  t'   ex  i-:..;.    .;  n; 
u-tt.    John    (  '.    --pink,    (  '..op,-:-     k     \\  a:-..n.    K.     I'.     !',•;.  -. 

\\  ere    Hie  111  lie;   -    11!    the    eoinill    :  ;  ee. 

In  the  tail  Hi'  I  >.(  (  I  ua-  eleiteil  pl'o,,  i  •;:  ;n^  at'." 
i  i '  i  i  n  t  \ .  a  n  1 1  r  e  e  I  e  i  t  ei  I  i  n  i  -v^.  \  <  > .  In  i  ••• ;  :  1  \\  a  >  i-  i  e<  1 1 
I'lil^e  oi  >eiiei  i  (  '  mil  t  y .  w  i  t  h  t  he  hi^lie-:  ma  t>  ir;l  \  that  >em<  a  •  •  •ii:r.\ 
e\  er  cast  'or  any  man  to  otm  e.  In  the  tali  o;  i  ^^  ;  1  \\  i-  i  e  :i«  •:  n.Ji.it  cii 
liy  my  parlv  aini  vsoiiM  ha\  e  !n-i  n  re  eie<  ted  had  ;'  not  in  en  t.M  th< 
-•tDi'in  o!  km>\\  \othin_ii--m  that  --\\ept  the  i  itnntrv  l;k>  a  m.t'l  i  \i  iniu- 
. !  i  the  tail  o :  tliat  \  e  a : .  S  (  n  e  i  a  u  a  v  e  a  m  a  i  o  r ,  •  \  ..  t  i .  ;  ; ,.  i  the  K  : .  o  x\ 
\  o '  I : : !  i  _;  ~ .  In  i  .->  ^  1 1  1  \\  a  >  m  M  n  :  n  a '.  e  d  1  •  \  the  I  >  •  •  m  o 

•  o-mt\     a-  .1    i  a  ml.  date    ;»<     i  epi  .-^,  nta' ;\  •     to    ;j..     h  _.-    .  •  .1,      A.':     M: 
M.-ir  -   I'.  >k  nner.  -.-ne,  a  ,    ,  !--,-\     ;  ,  , :  •  -    -  A   .  •  , 

Mr.     -;,.:::.>  I  '    :no,  ;.r  M:        |..:  uj  : 


working  against  hope,  in  i  S<>(>  I  was  elected  treasurer  of  Seneca 
count),  and  re  elected  in  iS;i.  serving  lour  years.  I  was  tlie  first 
mayor  of  the  city  of  Tiffin,  and  the  first  president  of  the  school  hoard 
of  Tiffin,  and  being  a  member  ot  the  same  board  now.  I  take  great  pride 
in  holding  the  highest  oftice  that  the  law  gives  to  any  man.  1  have  now 
been  at  the  Tiffin  bar  longer  than  any  other  la\\  ver  connected  with  it. 
except  it  be  brother  Pennine-ton. 

lust  in  time,  and  before  these  sheets  go  to  the  printer.  1  can  add  the 
fact,  that  at  the  Democratic  state  convention,  held  in  Cleveland  on 
Thursday,  the  22i\  day  of  July.  i.S.So.  1  was  nominated  by  acclamation 
as  the  candidate  for  secretary  ot  state.  <  )n  my  return  to  Tiffin  on  the 
day  following,  a  large  party  of  my  friends  and  neighbors,  some  five  hun- 
dred, with  a  band  of  music  and  carriages,  met  me  at  the  depot  in  Tiffin 
and  escorted  me  home.  Dr.  ].  A.  Norton  announced  my  nomination 
to  the  assembled  crowd  in  front  of  the  court  house:  \V.  P.  Noble  made 
a  speech  of  welcome  in  glowing  terms,  and  Republicans  and  Democrats 
joined  in  their  hearty  congratulations.  It  was  a  scene  the  like  of  which 
Tiffin  never  witnessed  before.  The  ovation  was  a  personal  compliment, 
without  distinction  of  party.  1  record  it  here  in  gratitude  as  the  hap- 
piest day  ot  my  lite.  The  good  opinion  ot  one's  neighbors  is  a  price 
far  bevond  the  emoluments  of  office. 


•HA1TH-;    XXIV. 


DRV  DREMf.VCH.  KUHN.  F !  S  H  K  k  OvONNOk  111!  IN  MEDICAL  SOCIETY 
INDUSTRIES  IN  11FFIN  SE  N  EC  A  v  OU  N  i  Y  AG  k  I  L  U  I.  I  U  k  A  I.  SOC  I  E  T  Y  THE 
FkESS  MESSRS  LOOM1S.  NAN  LOR.  GROSS  I  HE  SENEGA  COUNIY  IN- 
FIKMARY  IHt.  lilFIN  GAS  I.IGH!  COMPANY  AGRICULTURAL  WORKS. 
F.IC  IHE  SKNECA COUN I Y  1M  ON  E  I  K  AS.-.OC  I  A  I  ION  Dl.k  HkUDEKHUND 
THE  CHI  LHARMON  1C  SOCIETY  MRS  HARRIET  CRAWFORD. 

I'.HM.I:  \riin   \  i.  -KLU  n  <>i    I.K.  i  \.\   i>i:i.-r.  \<  H. 

•'..     I.     \.    M   -1  .1        i..:. 

P\i;     I.I.Y    I>IM->I'.  M'll    \\a-   I...TII  N.Mthinnl.'-ilam!    r..iin:\.    1',-nn- 

l),i\iil    aii'l    '  alhrrim-    I  >!'••-!  i.ii-h.    i  i-im  >\  <--\    \\i!h    him    i"    I '!i-)\,i\\  a\     rniintv. 

(  )hji  i.  \\  In- 1 1-  i  lii-\    li\  i'i|    i"  a  u' I   < '!'!  a U'-.       \  >  h'-  LTI  r\\    u  \>.  \  i  ni  n^  I  »i  i--l  i,ti-h 

\s  a^  fiii;,  iu'-'! .  l'i ''  >•  'iiif  I  i  mi-,  in  ill'-  ini'i  '-ant  :!••  I  ii  i--:  nr->.  In  it  ;  h  :>  >»  >  u  ji.it  i"n 
\\  ,i-  nut  t"  h;>  I  1-1  '•.  am!  at  an  <-a!  :  .  a^.-  In-  i .--.  I|M-.|  I . .  i|iiaii}\  h:  m  -•  l!  l.« 
fiiii-!'  i  iii-  in'-'!  i'-a!  I'!'  '|r->ii  in. 

I    1 1 ! :  k  i  •  m  a  1 1  \    \  >  >  u  im'   1 1 1 1  •  1 1 .    1 1 '  -  ^  ,  i  -   I "  i'  1 1 1 1 1  a !  i  •    in 
u  hii-h  nal  :i:  i-  ha- 1  I'liiim-n!  l\    li!  !'•'!  him. 

1  |,.  puT-iinl  In-  -Imi^--    ^\  ith    Lrn-al    a--:.|inl\   ami    - 
iimh-r    III--  '!:i'-'i  i"n    "1     I M .  I  .m-ki^     an    i-min.-n!    ph'. 
Ai'ti-i   ihr  u-ua!    Iiiiif.   Itiu-   -pi-Hi.    In-   at!-  n'l.-.|    .1    .^"i: 
Mi-.ii.-a!  .-.lili-j.'  "!    f  >h;" 

I  I ,  •  i  h'-n  •!•  -I-;.  1 1 -i  I  "ii  1  r\  i  m_;  hi-  !"i  I  uin-  .iin-  >t:  j  !  !.•    |'i"m 
I  thin.  ,iml  :', na!!1.   -i-t  I  !«•'!  >i"\\  n  in  l-'»r1  I  la!  I:   and   a!  !•  :  .1 
,,\,-i  ;h.-  n\  i  i  I'l'l'iilin.  the  -'-a;  "t    m-iin-  ;••• 
x.-in-i  li:-  "!'i  ":!:•••-  in   l'"i :    lla':.  a    -m.i'.!    ••'.•    - 


390  HISTORY    OK    SKNI-XA    COUNTY. 

had  no  ambition  to  venture  upon  tin-  more  brilliant  operations;  these  lie 
turned  over  to  such  men  as  .Molt  and  Mussy.  \vlio  made  surgery  a  specialty. 

Dr.  Dresbaeli  \\as  of  medium  height,  stoutly  built,  and  a  little  inclined  to 
<4ori»iileiiey.  His  brain,  though  not  ver\  large,  was  active,  with  a  good 
anterior  de\ elopment.  Ills  temperament  was  sanguine;  hair  light  auburn. 
e\es  blue,  nose  large  and  slighth  aipiiline.  neck  short,  chest  and  limbs  well 
developed,  and  his  whole  appearance  that  of  an  elegant  gentleman,  as  he 
\\"as.  In  the  matter  of  dress,  lie  \\as  scrupulously  careful,  always  wearing 
the  finest  and  must  fashionable  garments.  His  kind,  courteous,  graceful 
demeanor  insured  him  a  hearty  welcome  \\here\er  lie  went,  whether  in  the 
sick  chamber  or  the  drawing-room. 

The  Doctor  was  fond  of  books,  and  was  well  posted  in  current  literature: 
he  was  a  most  agreeable  companion.  indulging  freely  in  anecdotes  and  per- 
sonal reminiscences,  and  had  good  conversational  powers,  though  he  made 
no  pretentious  as  a  public  speaker. 

While  a  general  favorite  with  the  ladies,  and  fond  of  their  society,  and.  at 
one  time  matrimonially  engaged,  he  lived  all  his  days  in  single  blessedness. 

He  was  a  lover  of  the  tine  arts,  and  of  music  especially:  and  many  a  leisure 
half  hour  was  tilled  with  sweet  strains  from  his  favorite  instrument— the 
violin:  and  to  his  love  of  music,  and  to  the  encouragement  he  generously 
gave  to  resident  professors  and  amateurs,  our  cit\  is.  in  some  measure, 
indebted  for  its  present  high  culture  in  music. 

And  now.  kind  reader,  would  \oii  have  some  glimpses  to  illustrate  the 
dual  character  of  poor  human  nature:  to  show,  side  by  side,  its  good  and  its 
bad  qualities,  in  the  life  under  review? 

Well  but  no  matter  -'tis  enough  to  say  that  while  the  Doctor  was  not 
sinless,  most  of  his  faults  were  not  of  a  malignant  type,  but  rather  of  the 
kind  that  are  said  "  to  lean  to  virtue's  side." 

P»ut  whatever  they  were,  a  most  ungracious  task  it  would  be.  to  dwell  upon 
their  unpleasant  memory:  and  the  writer  must  ask  to  be  excused,  prefer- 
iug.  as  he  does,  the  reversal  of  the  custom  indicated  in  the  following  lines: 

••The  evil  that  men  do.  lives  after  them: 
The  good  is  oft  interred  with  their  bones." 

The  Doctor  was  a  member  of  the  .Masonic  order.  In  politics  he  was  a 
Whig,  and  took  a  leading  part  in  every  campaign.  In  IMii  he  was  the  Whig 
candidate  for  congress,  and.  though  defeated,  had  the  satisfaction  to  know 
that  he  had  run  considerably  ahead  of  his  ticket.  Rodolphus  Dickinson 
\vtishisopponent.  David  Tod  was  defeated  for  governor  at  the  same  elec- 
tion. 

Vigorous  as  his  constitution  nat  uralh  was.il  had  its  limit  of  endurance. 
(  Kertasked.  mei>tall\  and  physically,  for  thirl)  scars,  in  a  malarious  climate, 
i!  is  not  surprising  that  his  life  was  cut  short,  in  his  liftv-lirst  year.  His 
end  came  i  mi  >uddenl\ :  the  wa>  In  it  was  through  louu'  suffering,  extending 
over  a  pei'ii  >d  of  se\  eral  years. 

(iradualh  declining  health  induced  him  to  !  r\  the  effect  of  a  milder 
climate.  The  winter  of  |s~,i  -j.  \\-,\~,  spent  in  the  south,  visiting  a  lirotherand 
makiii'-i  the  acquaintance  of  man\  of  the  leading  medical  men  of  that  region. 
With  the  return  of  the  sprim;.  ho\\e\ei'.  thei'e  were  no  siirns  of  returning 


Ill  NK\    K  :    UN 


\\  as     MIH-    t,i     thf  j,i,.:u-.-r     i-hv-  ,  ,a:»s     ;n    |  .-:.:i.    ,•.,;  -,,  ...    . 
[•art  .n  thf  tlf\  ei'>j  iiiu-ii!  ..;  tin-  IM-AII  an.i  t    e::r;\ 

1  I  f  u  .1-  i  »M|-II  :  n  I  :  f  i  If  rit  k  *    it  \  ,   M  a  i  \  ian.  i .  .'i    I  ^    _' .    im:    ;•.•••: 
1-  rf  i  If  n<  k  f  til  If  ^f.  thf  til  i  if  si   ;i!st  i  tin  ji  ui  M!    \s  f  stem   \1  u  \  :.n  , ; 
thfi'e  si,  jmiiis  anil  attfiitiNf     ID    his  stmlifs    anil    -M    sf,!.i;.-    .., 
ati|ii;rfii     II'MHI      the     tea<  he rs     an. I     s<  IIMM!  mates     ;;.,      ..  iii'dr. 
••  Ilish,  ,],."         \tttT  hf   !ett    the   i  .ilii-e   he     rf.nl     Hlf.i,..i 
I  )r.    r\ler.  the  If-i'lniu  ]ih\s;(  ian  M]    Heilera  k    <     :\.  ami  t".:;;sh< 
I)r.   llenrv  StalfV.in   I-  retier'.i  k .       I  If  ^r.ni'ialf  ti  with  tin 
ti'i  iin  thf  I    ni\  f  t'sit  \    til   M  a  i  \  iam  1.  at    I  !ai 'i  umff ,  i  n  i  *<  j  ; .  .r;  •  i  s, ,, 
alter  i  MIII  me  IK  e.  1  I  lie  [.rat  ta  f  at   \\  MM.  1  J  ,  .;  M.  ;n   1  :  e.  let 

whit   h.    pl.U   f    !    fVMs    I',  llt/eil      ll\fil.         llete    he 

C'atherine.  mif  »\  'he  (ia'i^hter-  i>;   M:.  ll.t'.'/e.  .  \\;;MT:I 
that  'in it  ui  M  i  s    \\':lli am   Holt.  M;     I  ;tnn.  ami    \1 1  -     ka1       I  . . 

[MIL  i  »h;i ..  are  :  he    i  >nl\  <  hilili  en  !:\  .n_;. 

I  he  e\at  '   !  line  when    ihe  1  )MI  tMf  ai  r:\  e«l    ;;:    I  .ti;n     1    i  a\  :•    i 
al>  ie  IM    as(  ertain.  liut    n    must    have    in- f  n    in    i  -\;  i  -       I   .':t-  : 

,,i\     thai    hf   helpe.l    IM   '   n!    ihe    Ill's!    tree    ill    Marke'    -'leet.    ;,e'\\e-- 
,!)_;•  Mil  ami   M'  ini't  if        He  u  a-  \  f  i  \    ].M],' ;lar  :n  !:>    \  M  ;:  — .  :    ,;  ,\ 
hissihmiliiiali's    ami    a  i  .  j  1 1  a  i  n  t  a  m  e  s .       H  :  -    n ;  a : . .  \    ;:-•:.  i .    i  j  • ; 
his    lii'fs-,     ami    .nl'irfss.  h;,     ta:u:l\     :  f  i  i'  .••:!,'•-,. ; .    .f.,;    •':..    •     •    . 
SMI  ;c t\  .  all    e  it'.'-,  i  In  make  thf  M>:MIJ    •  :•  ••  :   •:    a  •  i.  >' 

He  .  ante  here  III'M  ;'ne  w is  ami  a'  n:n 

1  )  r  f  s!  i  a  i  h    ami    *   a  r  e  \  ,  \\  ;  t  h    u  h  <  >  n  i  !  i .  •   .'.'...'  e . 

^!  at le !'f  i  i  i  aliiiis  IM;-  m  in  \    in:lf  s    art  i'im !        |  | .     ,\  a 

the   \\  \  ami.':  ,.  ,.n    !hf    >aml'i  -k\     ; 

a  n  i  M  :  i  _     the    .  ....  •  - .  ..  i    \\  ::,•':'   ^  ;  i :  i   :  i  i  •  • :  i  . 

ill          I    '!..      '    II"     h.       rt-'a  .    ,     , 


}g2  HISTORY    <>!•'     SF.NKCA    COUNTY. 

The  hither  of  I>r.  Kuhn  was  for  many  years  the  most  important  and 
distinguished  man  in  Frederick  county,  lie  was  the  leader  of  the 
Republican  i  1  >emocratic  t  party  tor  many  years  .from  179X10  1824). 
He  had  read  law  but  preferred  farming,  lie  had  700  acres  well  stocked 
with  skives.  The  abolitionists  stole  nine  ol  them  at  one  time.  Dr. 
Kuhn  brought  a  skive  boy  to  Tiffin  with  him.  He  was  a  present  from 
some  friend.  I  often  heard  Dr.  Kulin  speak  of  him  but  have  no  knowl- 
edge of  what  became  of  him.  The  name  of  Dr.  Kuhn's  father  was 
Christian:  his  mother's  maiden  name  was  Fli/abeth  Browning,  daugh- 
ter of  Jeremiah  and  Cassandra  Browning.  The  old  folks,  after  they 
were  eighty  years  of  age.  rode  horseback  to  Steubcnville.  Ohio,  where 
they  bought  a  farm.  The  old  lady  was  highly  intellectual  and  one  of 
the  most  scholarly  women  in  Maryland.  They  were  of  Fnglish  stock. 
Christian  Kulin  was  a  (lerman,  wealth}'  and  popular.  He  was  the  first 
mayor  of  Frederick  City,  and  frequently  a  member  ol  the  general  assem- 
bly of  Maryland.  He  traveled  to  the  sessions  in  his  own  carriage. 
lie  was  then  a  leading  spirit  in  most  all  leading  matters,  and  for  manv 
years  held  the  office  of  chief  judge  of  the  orphans'  court  of  Frederick 
county. 

I  >r.  Kuhn  held  his  reputation  in  the  esteem  ot  the  people  and  the  pro- 
fession up  to  his  death.  Nature  seemed  to  have  made  him  fora  physi- 
cian, but  with  all  his  skill  he  had  his  weaknesses,  too.  like  mail}'  other 
men.  His  occasional  indulgences  in  strong  drink  interfered  materially 
with  his  practice,  while  his  habitual  indifference  about  his  finances  kept 
him  poor.  He  earned  money  enough  in  his  profession  to  be  one  of 
our  wealthiest  men,  but  he  seemed  to  set  no  value  upon  it.  He 
would  become  securitv  for  anybody  that  asked  him  the  favor,  audit 
-,vas  no  lesson  to  him  when  he  was  compelled  to  pay.  He  was  warm- 
hearted and  generous,  hospitable,  sympathetic,  benevolent,  kind.  He 
could  refuse  no  favor  in  his  power  to  grant:  never  learned  to  say  "no." 
His  wife  died  about  iX.}^.  Sometime  thereafter  he  married  Miss  Maria 
I'ennington.  a  sister  to  Robert  O.  I'enningtoii.  ot  Tittm.  This  union 
was  blessed  with  three  children:  Robert  I).  Kuhn.  \!rs.  Fmma  Kim- 
ball  and  Louisa,  the  late  Mrs.  Fast,  of  Canton.  Ohio.  Mrs.  Kuhn  is 
stiii  living. 

Dr.  Kuril  attained  to  the  highest  honors  in  ancient  Masonry  and 
often  represented  the  old  Samlusky  lodge  in  the  ( irand  I -odgc  of  Ohio, 
lie  (!!•.  d  at  his  residence  on  Chi  v  street,  in  Titlm.  <  >ctober  i  6.  1X78. 

!'!•;.    KI  ii:i   K  I     i      J.I    \HV.\ 

\V,,s  .,  native  of  Maryland,  and    located  in  Forl    I '.all    about  the  time  Dr. 
1  Iresbai  h  came  here,  and  the  two  formed  a  partnership  in  the  practice. 


Thev  h.iil  their  hr>t  ottii  e  ;n  the  -MI. ill  yellow  !>rii  i 

was  \  rr\    |»>i:le.  ainl    lu  a*    .i!»n'i!    !  !!• 

ot  V>\  ein!>ei .   i>.}J>.  a^ei!    ;>  \-   i:-.  ii   in-  •::::.- 


ht-    m.uif    ;l:r   a-  •  j'l  nnt. in<  <•   <>\ 
I   m  >  > ;  i :  •  i  \\ ;  i .    M .  i  r  \  i .  1 1 1 1 1 .    .  1 1 1 1 1    r 
l-.li/.iiu-1!]   \1.       I  in-  .ti  .j'l.iiiu.i; 
in. ir;  ;,!_;'•.    \vh:<  ii     !•  •  >'k    |.'..i-  > 
daiiLjlii'T  u  -i-  M  .•  '.  K..    A  ':.'  •  ;n 


i  >r    I  ;>i:ei   -lie:;  j.;.i. 

tfi  Mil     I     !!.'  >M\>  '\\  ii.    'I.    M 

Drs.  l;.,\er  aii-i  I  . 

in  i  >;-   •>'•••!  N1'   -  i;-M 
hi.    I  .-:.    :-  ir  :  :  ;;:. 

!•'•"  '•'  <  ';  ""  ll;i  :!i'''  f] 
1 1 1 . . :  i  •  •  \  hi  i  -; '  • '  i  i  i  < J  r 
uin  M-  1  -  ,  :  •  i: 


394  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

on  former  occasions,  was  well  marked  in  this  family  also,  but  here,  as 
everywhere,  it  was  always  associated  with  politeness,  kindness  and  broad 
and  generous  hospitality. 

Among  the  phvsicians  practicing  medicine  in  Tiffin  al  this  time,  I)rs. 
].  A.  McFarland  i  who  located  here  in  1X^71.  |.  \.  lleckerman.  A.  I!. 
Hovey.  11.  1>.  Martin.  V..  |.  Mc('ollum.  and  S.  S.  Hricker  are  pioneers. 
There  are  also  in  the  practice  now.  l)rs.  \V.  Crawford,  \\'.  (!.  \Villiard, 
1.  T.  Livers.  |.  F.  L.  Fanning.  J.  P.  Kinnaman.  \\'.  II.  Hershiser.  |. 
Breidinger,  J.  Huss.  !•'.  H.  Lang,  W.  H-  Stover.  I).  Wells,  and  Maurice 
Leahy. 

SKNKCX   COUNTY    MKHICAI,  SOUK.TY. 

This  is  an  auxiliary  to  the  State  Medical  society,  and  is  governed  by 
the  same  code  of  ethics,  but  has  its  own  constitution  and  by-laws. 

The  state  society  was  organi/ed  in  a  parlor  of  the  old  Neil  house,  in 
Columbus,  May  i4th,  1846;  the  first  Seneca  county  society  at  Dr.  K. 
Dresbach's  office  in  1X52.  Dr.  McFarland  was  elected  president;  and 
Dr.  (ieorge  Sprague  secretary. 

The  present  society  was  organi/ed  in  one  of  the  parlors  of  the  Shaw- 
han  house,  in  Tiffin,  on  the  2^th  day  of  September,  iXjX.  with  Dr.  A. 
1).  Hovey  as  president,  and  Dr.  A.  L.  Waugaman  as  secretary.  The 
society  has  its  regular  meetings  on  the  tourth  Wednesday  of  every 
month. 

<  )f  the  members  ot  this  society  some  minutes  have  been  collected  and 
are  here  noticed: 

I.     U.     IIKCKl.KMAX 

\\'as  born  in  Chambersburg,  Pennsylvania.  November  221!.  1X2^:  grad- 
uated at  Washington  college  in  1846,  and  located  in  Tiffin. 


Was   born    in  ( 'hillicothe,    Ohio,    November     i^th.    1X2^:   graduated   at 
('harity  Hospital.  Cleveland.  (  >hio.  in  1X50. 


Wa-  born  in   Lancaster.    Pennsylvania,    March    }d.    1X45;   graduated    at 
Ku-h   Mediial  cr)llege.  Chicago,  in    iXh;. 

K.    \\ .    su  I. I.I  VAN 

\\'a>  boni  in  Tittin.  Ohio.  March  22(1.     i'^<>:    graduated    at  the  medical 
department  ot  the  \\oosteriiniversity  in   iS^X. 

r.    i.    M'COI.I.UM 
U'a^born   June  icth.  1X26.  in  Richland  count\.  Ohio;    graduated  at  the 


IHI       Ml   MI     \l       I'Ki  U  I   --l<>\.  V>5 

|etier-"ii     Mediia!    <<»lK'_:r,    I'll iladeiphia.     in     M.ir'h.     |S;;.    .mil    - 

then-met   1.x  ated   in    1'ittin. 

I !  .      I :       i .  I  i .  P. '  i  N 

\\  a-  l)..rn  M  n.  h    i  .Mh.   i  •>;.-.  a'.    I:..   !':  .:i.e.  \\asm      ..-:ir.\.  «  •!;: 

nated  at   the  (' :iu  inn.it  i  f  '<    i'^e  . .;    M.  dii  .!;••  a:,,!  *>-n\,e:  \     -i  !::.•.   1^77. 

an.i  itirated  in  Senei  a  i  mints    .n    hils    '.he   <ime    \.-.u. 

1 .     I . .     1 : 1   \  M  • 

U'a-  born  in   M  n-kniunm  •  •  mms    1'ils    .-rd.   iS.j        .rad'iatrd    .1?    ^'..iriiii^ 
Medieal  i  t  ille^e,  ( '.  ihimb'i-.    ami    !m  ated    ,it   1  >en;(  m.    (   i ass  '•  •:  d  <  .  e;nt\ . 

in    i  MH>. 

i  .    i  .    K  .  >  r.  i  \  - 1 1  \ 

graduated    at     RM-!I     \lednal    (olle^e.    ("iina^.i.    in    1^7,.   and  -e:;l>-d  ;;i 
Repulilii    in    iS;ii. 

l:i  \  I  \\IIN    -.    -'I  •  i\  i  i: 

\\"a-"  horn   I  une   i  ^th.  i  S;ii.  at   Un  ><  »kly  n.  (   n\  a  In  •_;  i  ei  unity.  (  >hio.  ^rad 
nated  at    |ell'--r-«»!i     Mi:dii.il     (olle^e     in     |.S;.S;    [mated    in    Rep'iliii.     the 
-anie  \  ear. 

\S  .     II .      I'A  I    I 

\\  a-  burn     in     Rii  hland    <  mintx.    '  >\M».    \].r:l     i  ;'h.    i  N.p. 
Miami    \1  edn  al  <  iiilr-e.  (  'im  ;n  nan.    '  >hii  i.    :n     i  s;  -  .     1m  .1 ' 

ill    l-S;f). 

hi:.     \  i'l  I  I     I  .    n .  >\  I  N  . 

U  a-  burn  in  A 1  bans  t<  i\vn-hi|>.  (  Mean-  <  i  unity,  \  enn.  mt,  I  Vbrnars  <;;h. 
iS.'i/.  \\hen  a  IMI\  ii  ui  r  teen  year-  i>!  a_;e.  he  -tar  ted  I'M  '  >hi'>.  and 
entered  (  Mieriin  <  ulle^e.  \\here  he  remained  -i\  sear-,  and  d':r;n_  :hi- 
t  ;me  read  medii  me  with  1  »r.  Mmner  Inlni-nii,  i»l' '  Hn-rlin.  1:;  i  •< ;  lie 
ent'Teii  the  iilliie  M!  I't'iit.  .\ikle\~,  in  (  lesel.ind.  aiiii  graduated  ;n 
Mail  h.  iS;j.  and  in  the  -anie  sear  !«i  ated  :n  I'. Mm.  \vh.ere  he  ha-  re 
inaineil  ever  -im  e  in  the  -m  <  e--lul  jnai  tn  e  .it  hi-  pr«i!r-  \\  !:  .c 

1  »i .    1  1 1  is  e\    i-  i  e^ai'iled  a-  a  s  er\     able    pr.u  t !',  i.  iner.  he  e\i  e!-..'a--    a    -:n 
j  e .  1 1 1 .  in  ss  h ;  i  h    b  r  a  n  i  h   h :  -  -  k  ;  i  i    and  <  .  >  u  r  a  u  r  h.  a  s  e  mail:1  h .  m  <  :  1 1 . : ,  e :  •, ;  i  \ 
-ui  ce--t''il    and    4reatl\    i  elebrated.       Me    i.    a  inenilier  •:  i'    ^fe 

-,,,,  ,ef,e-.  a-   ^eil   a-  <  it   the    National     Medii    ii   -  M  :et  s  . 

si  \ri--i.  i    :  i  \  n  \ 

\\'a  •  ii.  it  n    M  an  ii    i  \(  h,    I  ^  ;  ;.  in   t  he  .  . .  :  k  <••••, 

m    the    medii  ai    di  pai  tnn  i:1    ••!   tin-    \\  ....•••  i     .   .     .A-..<\. 

(  )  h ; .  i .   1  .  •  b  i  •  i  1 1  \    .*  ~  :  .an. 


-(^6  HISTORY    01      SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

the  senate  chamber  of  Ohio.  when,  at  ten  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the 
first  Monday  in  January.  A.  D..  \S(>2.  the  senate  \vas  called  to  order. 
The  citv  of  Columbus  was  lull  ot  soldiers;  regiment  after  regiment  \vas 
organi/.ed  and  sent  to  the  front.  The  sound  ol  martial  music  rang  in 
the  streets  day  and  night,  and  here  met  the  first  legislature  of  Ohio 
after  the  breaking  out  of  the  rebellion. 

The  condition  of  the  country  on  that  morning  seemed  to  combine 
with  nature  to  cast  a  gloom  and  a  sadness  over  the  senate.  The  Hon. 
Henjamin  Stanton.  president  ot  the  senate,  took  his  seat;  the  members 
were  sworn  and  seated,  and  the  saddest  countenance  in  that  body  was 
that  of  Senator  |ohn  I).  O'Connor,  of  Monroe.  He  was  then  about 
forty  years  of  age.  about  six  feet  high:  he  had  black  hair,  brushed  back 
from  a  high  forehead,  deeply  set  dark  eyes,  a  chiseled  face;  a  black 
beard  covered  his  mouth  and  chin.  Heavy  black  eyebrows  gave  pow- 
erful expression  to  the  white  ot  his  eyes,  making  his  countenance  won- 
derfully striking.  lie  wa>  lean  of  flesh.  The  paleness  of  his  face  and 
his  entire  "make  up"  were  calculated  to  arrest  the  attention,  if  not 
excite  the  sympathy,  ol  the  most  careless  observer.  Add  to  this  a  pru- 
dent reserve,  close  observation,  quiet  demeanor  and  polished  manners, 
and  YOU  have  a  tair  picture  ot  I  )r.  O'Connor  on  that  morning. 

1'artv  spirit  ran  high  during  the  war.  and  the  few  members  of  that 
body  who  were  elected  by  Democratic  constituencies,  were  treated  with 
indiffercm  e.  tor  their  votes  were  not  necessary  to  carry  any  measure: 
vet  that  senate  contained  many  distinguished  gentlemen  Irom  all  parts 
of  the  state,  some  of  whom  became  noted  in  other  high  positions  which 
they  filled. 

[)r.  O'Connor  and  the  writer  belonged  to  that  small  number,  and  as 
miserv  loves  company,  and  lor  higher  reasons,  i;  was  not  long  until 
mutual  respect  wanned  into  mutual  friendship  that  grew  brighter  as 
time  rolled  on,  and  lasted  lor  1  lie. 

Dr.  <  i' Coiin  IT'S  lather  was  an  Irishman  who  h:id  served  under  Wel- 
lington m  Spain,  and  alter  he  was  transferred  with  a  portion  of  the 
Uriti-h  arnn  to  (  anada.  he  ran  awa\  with  some  ot  his  <  omrade.s.  came 
to  lip'  1  nited  Mates,  and  settled  in  Wood-field.  Monroe  (  oiinty.  (  >hio. 
in  i 'M  7  or  IMS,  Here  he  was  married  to  Rebecca  Co  rot  hers,  and 
elected  to  the  ottn  e  ol  <  oiinty  re*  order.  wh;<  h  olli 
\  ea  r  -. 

Hire  in 


\l,am     Me.!.,  al  «  ol'u-^1  am:    ..M,:-:  ite.I    ':    ,:.,     •     .:.    i.%.  il,  :• 

t  i:e  iiem-h'  •  1 1  tin-    .n>' :  !<  t,o:i>    .  it    ;  he  M  .  -  -e\  .   \i  .: ; .'. .  \  .  1  >  r.\  - 

1  '  r.  :  -  anil  other  d;^t  .  iuu.>he.  1  men   in  tin    ;.•   .;.•>-..  >:\. 

In    1  -Mi  1    he    u  a^   eie.  ;ed    !o   ;hr   -ell  \:  e  .  .;  I  l';.  . ,  .  ;  i  ,  ,;n  (  ,:;.•:  •,  .    \J    ,;, 

ami  a  par!  o|  \  ol.le.  am  i  re  el.-.  :e.l  in  i  M>  ;.  \rte!  !  ii.i.i  -.•;•,.•.;  , 
In-,  -,e'.  M  1 1  i  U1!  in  a>  ><-na!or.  in  !  lie  ^nnmier  <>:  i  ^'>;  .  ;  i.e  \s  :  :.-:  •..->. 
him  at  (  lar'.n^ton.  ami  ma.'.e  the  a.  >  |'iain'.an.  e  ..I  h;^  .n'etc--' .:;_  ta'n 
conM-!;n-  "i'  M : -.  <  >'<  'onnor,  lour  In-a'itit'ii  \.em_;  .lan^Iiter-.  a:n 
little  --on.  1  he  iloetor  --  pr.u  t ;.  e  extern  lei  i  ah.n^  the  i  ,\  er  bar.  k  . 
o\  er  tin1  roii^ii  hilU  aiul  nioiiiitain>  ot  Moiiroe.  \\iiere  lie  hail  nea 
worn  on!  h;  >  lite  ;n  the  pur>n;  t  <>t  in>  pr.  >!c--->;on.  I  he  .  Ii:  i.li  en  nee. 
ed'ii  a  MOD.  .in  1 1  'lie  re  \va^  no  -(  n  n  1  ^,  }],  i,  ,\  nearer  t  h  in  U  lu-el.n^.  t  \s  en 
li\'e  mile>  a'.va\ .  I  ->n_:^e>: ei  1  to  h;m  ;:.e  |iropriet\  ot  ^e]',  :i_  ..  ::  .1 
re  m  1 1\  iiu  t' '  Senei  a  .  ount\  .  u  ha  h  I  .le-*.  ril.e.i  a^  :i  u  a>.  .in-i  ]..«  t'f;-j 
to  h.;m  the  situation  o!  the  I  .(tin  >.  hooU.  ;;-.  >o<  ;etv.  iieaitii.  ma:'h 

\   \i-xit  trom  tiie  i  ioi  tor  and   M  r>.  (  >'(  'onnor  \\  a-  em  ni^h  to    p;-«  i\  e 

more  ro.nl.  a  ->ln  >rt  > li^tam  e  -on: h  <  >\  'I'ittin,  \\  here  he  ii\  e.i  n:: :.'.  ^h.  ir 
lielore  lie  .lie.!. 

Here  at   'I'.ttin  he  -tejipe.l    at    «\\<  e  into   ;he    iron:  rank  ••:  i.       ;•[••: 
si  on,  'A  hen-  he  \va-~  highly  e-teeme. !.  an. !  i.e.  a  me  >.  >  \><>\  'il.fi   am. 
people  that   they  elei  te.l  him  the  deie^ate  trmn    th;>  .  o';nt\    : •>  the  •  • 
>  1 1 1 1 1 1 1  o  n  a  1  .  o  n  \  e  n  t ;  o  n . 

i'he  i  ondilioii  oi  h;,  he. lit!:   ><  ar.  el\    \\  a  r  r  a  n  •  <--v'j  riif    :  i-k  '.':;. 
rvpaired.  iiM'   to  prove  ii.-  ..latitude  ;.>  •):••  people    »vh'i     le(  •     :  ':-.  :!i. 

,ld|o'irne>i  >e^-|titi   ;  n   (    ;m  iiina':  '  .   '-.\    :-..    \s  . :  '    :          i 

he  -  i;,-  h:-  :;      'id-  vvii..  Ir.ed    tip  ' 

W.l>    !::  l!    he    Ao-iid    1   I'!:-:      >\e.i; 

at  hi,  pov.       \m:    ;,-  \    • 

iron   -A  .'.  i  k>-;  .•   h  m   •.:•  •;•••'!    nee;'!1 


39^  HISTORY    or    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

like  a  child  in  the  arms  ot  its  nurse,  he  tell  asleep,"  as  judge  ( )key 
expressed  it  in  his  eulogy  of  the  doc-tor  in  the  convention. 

Muring  his  short  association  with  the  members  of  the  convention  he 
won  the  love  and  esteem  of  them  all.  and  on  the  morning  when  the 
committee  who  had  been  appointed  to  prepare  suitable  resolutions 
expressive  of  the  sense  of  the  convention  on  his  death,  were  about  to 
report,  several  gentlemen  made  remarks  attesting  their  love  and  esteem  tor 
the  doctor,  full  of  tine  feeling  and  warm  appreciation  of  the  good  man 
he  was.  judge  Okev,  Messrs.  Yoris.  Albright.  Neil.  Cook  and  others 
spoke  very  eloquently.  It  is  to  be  regretted  that  space  will  not  permit 
a  reproduction  of  those  eulogies  here. 

His  body  was  brought  to  Tiffin  by  a  committee  appointed  by  the 
convention,  on  the  24th  ot  February,  and  kept  at  the  house  of  the  writer 
in  Tiffin,  from  whence,  on  the  next  day,  it  was  taken  to  the  l-'irst  Meth- 
odist 1'rotcstant  church,  where  the  Rev.  |.  ('.  Ogle  delivered  a  very 
appropriate  sermon  from  Rev.  14:  i,3\..  to  a  large  concourse  of  friends, 
lie  was  buried  at  the  new  cemetery,  near  Tiffin,  under  the  beautiful  and 
impressive  ritual  of  the  K.  \r  A.  M. 

Mrs.  O'Connor  is  still  living:  the  girls  are  all  happily  married.  I). 
O'Connor,  his  son.  is  attending  school. 

Dr.  O'Connor  was  an  excellent  physician,  possessed  of  a  finely  cu-1 
tured  mind:  he  was  a  true  friend,  a  devoted  patriot,  a  Christian  gentle- 
man and  an  honest  man. 

THI.   TirriN   CAS   ucu  r  COMPANY 

\Vas  organi/ed  in  icS^6  as  a  joint  slock  company,  under  the  statute  of 
Ohio.  The  enterprise  was  originated  by  Kdward  Cwyn,  ot  Spring- 
field, Ohio,  who  came  to  Tilrin  in  that  year,  and  induced  several  of  our 

citi/ens  here  to  aid  him.      The  capital  stock  was  S^o.ooo.  ot  one  thous- 
and   two    hundred    shares,    each    twenty- five    dollars.      Mr.    Cwvn  sub 
scribed  all  the   stock    except    about    fitly    shares,    which    were    taken    by 
others. 

The  city  c  ouncil  ot  Tittm  granted  to  the  company  and  iis  MIC<  es>ors 
and  a-^iu'ii-'  lorever.  the  use  ot  the  streets,  allevs  and  public  grounds 
in  Tiffin,  to  lay  pipe  and  all  other  appliances  to  distribute  and  carry 
ga-  t 'in  High<  >ut  the  city. 

The  work-  are  buill  on  the  old  tannery  lot  near  Rocky  ('reek,  on 
Pern  -treet. 

Th'  i  oiiipany  contracted  \\ith  Mr.  Cwyn  to  build  the  works  \»v  the 
<o<  k  he  had  Mib<cribed  and  Sio.ooo.  to  be  secured  by  mortgage  on  the 
work-,  and  Mr.  (iwvn  was  virtuallv  the  owner  of  the  whole,  as  the  tiftv 


sh.irr^  were  >n!i^i  rilii-tl    more    a^    .1   il<  ui.it:«  <\\    than  tor  profit,    and    were 
•-i  11  >n  iranMci  red  to  him. 

I'hc  "infill. il  work^  were  -mall.  ha\;iu  "iil\  two  mile-  o|  pipe  l.inl  in 
the  "-live!-.  !i.i\  MIL;  HI!  \  -t  rer!  lamp-,  .uii  i  <  !i.u  u'-  ii-  >  \  ^ '-  per  i .'_ • .  ••  i  ul>i< 
tcct.  >;  per  \  ear  lor  rent  <>!  meter.  .tn<l  >.'•;  per  \e.u  tor  -tree!  lamp-. 
In  i  S<i  Mi.  (  i  u  \  n  N,il.l  ilu-  \M  M  k>  t"  hi>  l)i'i  itlu-i .  \«\\\\  <  .  \v\  u,  \\  1m  <  •  »n 
tiniR-ci  in  1  u;  tin.-  owner  until  1-^7  .  Urtwi-cM  i  ••'!.  ,unl  i  >  ~  !(•>•»  th.in 
uiir  h.ilt  link-  oi  ['ipo  wcrr  l.inl,  .uni  the  old  pru  <•--  !ii.i;ni.t:ncii.  In 
i  ,S;  -  |ohn  i  •  \s  \  n  so'nl  out  to  (  '. ror^e  1  .  Srin.\  and  !"i,n  1  .  1  I  u-<-.  '  >u 
tin.-  dc.ith  oi  ll'i->->in  iS;;.  lud^r  >nu-s  in-i.mu-  and  -!:!!  ;^  the  o\\  IHT  . 
\\ithiu  the  p.iM  ten  \ear^  the  work--  !ia\e  iieeti  ui'e.it's  enlarge.!  and 
iniprox  ed.  Aii  that  no\\  e\ i-:->.  >!  t  in-  pun  ha>e  n  om  (  ,  \\  \  n  i>  tin-  old 
li'',ii,l;n-  .md  al>out  one  in;!e  ot  pipe:  ail  el><-  is  new. 

Ilie  capital  stoi  k  iii>\\  i>  >io:i.  _  .  ^a^  S.v;  per  :.  .1  ui'.i  tei-t, 
and  no  tent  i  harmed  tor  the  M--C  oi  meter--.  w:iii  a  prii-.iiei  •  !:;:;h<  r  to 
iic'  rea>e  ii:c  pr:i  e  oi  ^.i-.  i->  :hc  nunil'cr  oi  i  on-innerx  MH  ica^c  There 
arc  now  aiioiit  ten  m;ie^  01  _;a>  p'.pe  : n  the  >tr< ->  !-.  .:;.ii  »:•.<.•  i: •.:'. dr<-d, 
and  M-\e.n:\  lour  >trcet  iauip-.  I:  reijuire^  t\so  men  .md  i  !:o|>c  t,» 
'  i  _  h  t  a !  1 1 1  c  •  \ '  1 1 1  _; '  • :  >  i  i  t  h  e  1 ,  u  n  p  -> .  w  : ;  o  in  :  > ;  1 1  a  \  e !  !  v\  i  • :  i !  v  :  •  •  : :  : : : .  -  !  •  •  do 
the  work.  11. c  work--  t  onv.tnic  iroin  i.j  to  i,;  \ 
\  ou^h:'  i^hein  ua->  (  oal,  \  earl\ .  I- ;  \  e  men  and  two  hof-c 
at  the  work--.  1  !:e  annual  prodiii  t;on  o|  ^a>  !-•  Irom  li\e  !o  --;\  ni;ll'.on 
i  it"  led. 

I  ui  !_;e  I  i  eor^c   1 ..  Senex    i-^  president,  and    I  oh  n    M  .  I  '-ate  -.(.-i  i  e;.u  \  an 
-  • ;  p  e  r  i  n ;  e  n  i  i  e  n  t . 


(  >  i  i :  o  Move  work-,  a   i  <  < : ;  i !   - !  o  <  k  i  >  1 1 1 1  p  a  n  \  .  w  ! : 
the   Hah  ini*  irr  and  '  »!u.  >    depot.       |'!i.-    .  ,  .inp.i 


400 


Located  near  the  bridge  on  Market  street,  started  when,  in  1847,  they 
bought  the  old  Foundry  then  conducted  bv  lesse  Wolf.  They  after- 
wards bought  the  property  where  Van  Nest's  carriage  factor}'  stood, 
and  erected  valuable  buildings  on  the  premises.  The  firm  is  now  com- 
posed of  |ohn  I),  l.oomis.  I'hiletus  Nyman  and  ('.eorge  l,oomis.  They 
employ  about  28  hands  and  turn  out  work  annually  to  the  value  of 
£50,000. 

THK    Ill  KIN    MANl'l-'.U' ITKINi;  COMPANY 

Js  also  a  joint  stock  company,  doing  a  great  deal  of  work,  and  in  suc- 
cessful operation  on  Mel  more  street. 

THI:   MI  i  i\  WATKR  WORKS 

Were  accepted  by  the  council  of  the  city  in  the  fall  of  1879.  There 
are  about  14  miles  ot  water  pipes  in  the  city,  '['he  city  pays  rent  for 
hydrants. 

There  are  now  in  Tiftin  26  grocer}'  stores.  6  dry  goods  stores,  5 
clothing  stores.  8  boot  and  shoe  stores,  i  carpet  store.  6  millinery 
and  fancy  stores,  5  jewelry  stores,  4  drug  stores,  4  fruit,  confectionery 
and  bakery  stores,  3  hardware  stores,  4  stove  and  tin  stores,  2  hat  and 
and  cap  stores,  2  china  and  crockery  stores.  2  book  and  stationery 
stores.  }  furniture  stores.  ^  photograph  rooms,  5  harness  shops,  2  mar- 
ble dealers.  4  cigar  manufacturers,  0  printing  establishments,  7  barber 
shops.  8  meat  markets.  ^  blacksmith  shops,  6  carriage  and  wagon  works, 
2  breweries,  3  wholesale  liquor  stores.  3  music  stores,  6  hotels,  ^  board- 
ing houses,  i  plumbing  and  gas  fitting  store,  2  pump  shops,  about  50 
saloons.  2  bent  works  factories,  2  sash,  door  and  blind  factories,  i 
foundry,  i  stove  factory,  i  woolen  mill,  i  churn  factory.  2  shoe  fac- 
tories, the  gas  works,  agricultural  works  and  water  works. 

There  also  three  building  loan  associations  in  the  citv. 


Is  a  new  <  reation  and  tittin.L;  up  a  line  room  in  the  market  house  build- 
ing. It  was  incorporated  in  Man  h,  iSSo,  and  the  following  named 
persons  are  the  officers  ot  the  institution,  vi/: 


>,'  N!.«    \     COUNTY     A- ,K!<   ri   1  I'K  \1.    -'  ••    I  M  Y.  4OI 

I'lV-iil'Mit       K.    \\'.  >hau  li;m. 

Viet-1'n-.iilriit-.     Mr-.  \\  .  1'.  N«.l.!r,  Mi-,  .It.hn   \>.  I.-, mi-. 

S--c!  viai  \      ('.!!.( 'raiiH-r. 

Ti  '-a-n  I'd      .1 .   \\  .   (  'haiiilnTlaiii. 

Tni-iff-        \\          1'.      NM|,I.-.      l-'!all«  js      UaiMirl.     I, ...I--'     <•        II.IMIIII.III.      M:-- 

lofa  I   ioin>c.   Mi'-.   I.;  in  i,i   l'».  ^in-alli.   Mi-     L.iiisa  (•.   liiilili  . 


<  Mil-  thou-ami.  -;\  h';m!i'  >i    \oiunie-    ••:    ''ook-  are     ii:v.i'i\   t  "!!c«  ted. 

There  .in-  ,ii-<>  '.\\'»  ii'-ni  \\nrk-  in  '.he  i-ity.  <  >:n  mi  \\  •  >i  Market 
street,  nuiu-it  iiy  I1.  Smith,  anil  the  utlu-r  "ii  \\  a:er  >:  reet.  t  .irrieil  on 
by  tin-  li-shlMU::!:  r.fother>.  llotl;  .ire  iloin-  >'n  •  r>-.:ui  ln-.-xine-.- 

'!';:;  re  ,i:e  .il-o  a  iriiiiber  "l  !»rn  k\.ir>U  in  !ii!i  <  >;«  :  .t!  ;<  >n.  ami  .1  <!r.ini 
tile  t'.n  IM>  \ .  ,  an  :eil  <>n  \>\  Jolin  Heilni.in. 

1  itlin  ha-  a'.-o  ;\\n  iltcsrin^  mil!-.  o;u  at  the  n»rth  ei;<l  •  >'.  the  :r«»n 
br^l^e.  on  \\'a-liin^:on  -treet.  ami  tlie  other  on  M.i!  -treet.  the  iormer 
run-  li\  -.team  .uni  the  latter  \>\  water  j'owcr.  !i«>tli  ;n  il.i.ix  o|. er.it. on. 

I  nai>!e  to  -;\e  the  e\.n  !  aniount  I  !eel  :;  -ale  to  -a\  'ha'  ir.ore  th.in 
fl\e  million-  ot'iiollar-  are  in\e-leil  .11  the  \\iriou-  intl'1-.tri'  -  :n  littin. 

-  I   M  .    \  '   '  >1    N  I  ',     \>  .  !•:!•    '    1    ;  '    K  \l     -'"III1:. 

'I'he  pioneer  I  e.:i-!a! 'ire-  ui'  i  t'ni m|'!  ehemie.i  ti.<  ir  ;:,.  f,«;>ij:-  :  :i'.\ 

an. !  j  i.i--eil  i.iw-  tor  tlu-  jiroiii'  pt:"ii  ol  a^r:t  ui'  ':re.  ;.  >r  the  ].r«  <tet  '  .  n.  . >i 
>!IK  k.  ',•'  <>\'--\\  ro.i'l-  to  mark'-:.  et>  .  e't  .  \\-i  the  n,  n  ;;  :  n  \\':..<  ii 
Sene<  '.  '  oun!  \  ;  iirew  oil  !.r  r  !  nan  lie  »'  "  \  a'  v  e  vv:.>i  iri' '  ;  •:  ••  -\  '.i:  <  <  1  '.  h  e 
s\  a\  !or  i  i\  :  ii/ei!  rile.  j>ro\  e-  the  h  ._  h  « <:  •  ier  .  -1  'hi  ;nt  e!i._;e;;i  e  .  •!  her 
pioneer  :. inner-  Ip:r-!  a  <  aluu,  th--n  ro.i'!-.  "h'-n  :i:i-i  '  iu  !'.oi]-e-  .-.',\<\ 
-(  hiiul  h.op.-e-.  then  mill-,  ami  one  .••;  ,ro\  ••!.;,.•;;•  .ilier  ;t;;o'!ii  r. 

(  )n  the  ;th  o!  I'liv.  i  --  ;  ;.  the  ioilou: ;u  ;.-•••'  \s  a-  i  •:|iiS;!vvV{  n  :i:e 
.SV/>,  /  /'.///;,  / 

'I'o  IHI  I'ili/l  N-  "j  «-i  MI  \  Ctii  NI-)  NO!  jr.-  :-  tii-it-l>\  j:\tn  thai  a 
iin-i  t  !!!•_•  \\  il!  1'f  ln-1'1  a  I  1  In-  i  "in  ;  |  |..ii-.-.  in  t  !n-  l"U  ii  -1  T"!.'  t  !n-\  hail  MH 

Citli;:    ll"ll-f    .    II,    the   e"H]IlI\     ol      ^'   ];<•<  .(      »\\    til''    _'-'!l    'l.l\    ••!     .I'l!:'     lli-l         !o!     thf 

pi ;  i  i "  '-••  o]  o|  _M  n  i  / 1  ji  _'  an  a-j  !]•  1 1 !  1 1 1 1  a!  •-•  M  '.'-I  \  .  ' ' '  i  •••  i-n'  •'  !i->!  '  •  '-'  !.'••  a 
('oiini\  \  LM  I'-nll  nral  •*>oeif!\.  ;ii  |'U! -nai.i  >•  o!  a):  ••!  ':.••  •  j:-!a:  in  •-. 

pa--e,|   r.'i.Miai;.   -1  ,.  1-...;.      I','.   oi,!r!  ot    !(„.  i;,,.,],i  ..;  (  .. 

D  \ \  ii>  i:.  ( »\\  I-:N 


402  HISTORY     OK    SI.NKCA    COl'NTY. 

It  was  not  long.  howe\  er,  uiuil  tlic  subject  was  agitated  again,  and 
now  anotlu'r  notice  was  published  as  follows: 

(,()!)  SI'KKI)  TIIK    I'LOU.ll. 

I n  conformit \  \\ilhtheact  entitled.  "All  act  lo  authori/e  and  encourage 
t he  eslal'lishment  of  agricultural  societies  in  the  several  counties  in  this 
state."  parsed  March  li'.  l^in.  notice  is  herein  given  that  there  will  lie  a 
meeting  held  at  the  court  house  in  Till'm.  on  Saturday,  the  1st  day  of  Janu- 
ary next,  for  the  purpose  of  organ! /ing.  etc.  d.  .1.  K  KKN. 

Auditor  S.  (\ 
TIFFIN.  December.  ls-U. 

The  meeting  was  held  at  the  M.  V..  church.  John  Terry,  Samuel 
Waggoner.  Abel  Rawson.  A.  Ingrahani.  \Y.  Toll,  Kvan  Dorsey.  Louis 
Halt/ell,  I.loyd  Norris,  Jacob  S.Jennings.  K.  (i.  Pennington,  Andrew 
Moore,  (ieorge  Stoner.  I.  W.  Wilson  and  others  took  active  part. 

Samuel  Waggoner  was  elected  president:  A.  Ingraham,  vice-presi- 
dent: Kvan  Dorsev.  recording  secretary;  K.().  l*ennington,  correspond- 
ing secretary:  I.loyd  Norris.  treasurer:  Terry.  Moore  and  Stoner. 
executive  committee.  A  constitution  was  adopted  Tims  the  society 
was  put  on  toot  and  has  flourished  ever  since.  Its  county  fairs  are 
amongst  the  best  in  the  >tate.  I  towns  about  twenty-five  acres  of  land 
near  College  II  ill.  between  North  (ireenfield  and  Portland  roads,  well 
provided  with  halls,  race  track  and  stalls.  Its  present  officers  are:  N  I,. 
Urewer.  president:  Jacob  Rickenbaugh.  vice-president:  II.  J.  Weller, 
secretary;  ]ohn  M.  Kaull.  treasurer.  There  are  eighteen  managers,  cine 
from  each  township,  two  from  the  city  and  one  from  the  county  at  large. 

The  vast  majority  ot  the  most  successful  business  men  in  Tiffin  are 
those  who  commenced  the  world  with  very  little  capital,  or  none  at 
all.  and  I  take  pride  to  record  the  tact,  that  the  leading  characters  in 
all  brandies  ot  industry  here,  are  sell  made  men. 

Some  have  aireacU  been  named,  and  a  tew  more  only  will  now  be 
noticed. 


\\  as  born  November},  i  s  i  i  in  (  )sego  counts'.  Nc\\  N  ork  and  was  raised 
in  (  ayuga  count}',  same  state.  He  came  i o  Ohio  ; n  i  S  ^c;  and  located 
;n  New  ll,i\tii  win-re  lie  remained  five  year-,  and  then  removed  io 
I  ;<  king  (  cm nty.  <  >ii ;o.  where  In-  remained  '  w<  >  years,  and  in  i  ^  }  7  re- 
moved to  '1  it  tin.  (  MHO.  where  he  ha>  reiuaini-d  ever  sim  e.  I  he  firm, 
oi  whi-  i;  in-  h  is  b  -.•]!  ihe  head  ever  ->in<  e  its  lo<  ation,  ha-  not  onl\  con 
stani'.y  iin  -ince  its  location  here,  but  ha-  never  been  under  the 

nec'e-sii\  ot  i»'  irn  iwiu^  a  dollar. 


\\  ,i  .    IM..-H    .i!   \\.M,,UM.  i  i!ii  ..!    I  '<••  rmU-i.   i. •>_•_•        \\  J.,.|,  .1 

1 1 1 1  \    i  i  <  •  [  n  •  i  .line-  .  t  <  ,  i  •  i  k   :  1 1  .1  >:<>!•,•     :  i   \\n.i->!cr.  t ':  i  -  • :  i  <    i :  i  <    i  i  >  \ ,  ' . '.   \  1 1  >  N  i  * 
|  a  i  •  '1 i^    .u.'  1    K  .ink. i.v  •>    \\  a>  .i.    i  •>  ;.)          'i    i  •>  } ;    M  i     \  .i\  .«         :.  i  •  1:11 

[•am  u;;ii  Mi  llar\i  \  il'iA.i:.;.  .  >]  \\  .•.••.•(•!.  ''|.i-;,,-,i  .1  ii.ml  A  .u  r  ^urr 
in  I  itlm.  u  hi<  h  '  hr\  i  .1;  r.  r»l  i  m  h<-|  r  :i!,' ;  i  i  -.  .,  i  ,  -,\  }\c>.\  \I  i  I  1 .  i\\  .irii 
sold  li;^  intiTi •>'..  ainl  ;h'-  storr  li'iin  tli.it  tiiin-  \\.i-  i  iiiiihic  \f<\  \i\  tlic 
n.ini;  ••!  \.i\i<'i  \  I'ltti-n^i-r  u]«  in  1^-5.  |-i«nn  ili.it  tune  tn  Is-;  7  Mi. 
N.ixlnr  i  '  iinlui  ti-il  the  l)ii->iiu-^-  .ilc  HIT.  ior  tlncc  \<-.u-.  .\:i,-ii  !,c  \v.i> 
]i  i innl  h\  .1  1  )M)t  IHT.  \\  .  \\  .  N  ,i\  li  >r,  ,ni'  1  tlii-  in  m  \\  t--  i  ,i!!o  1  \  .i\  i  _;i'  «V 
15m.  I!:.-  linn  w.i^  »  mil  inuni  tu  M.ucli  ;.  iSi)i(,  uhc;i  \\..i:.un  \\  . 
N  a\  i'  ir  ' !  ci  1.  .Hi'  1  tin1  ;ni IDC n ^ i •  i-->;.iM ; ->h mi  ;i'  ii.i-  i-\  rr  ^;  :H  i  IK-I-II  i  .u 
riri  i  mi  i  P\  Mi.  \  ,i\  ii  >i'  ,ili  me. 

(  (is    :!K-    i  i  ;  h  i  la\    ni    1  'n  cinlirr.     i  "•}'/.    Mr.    N  .1  \  ';•  >r    \\  .1  -  i-i  i    tn 

('cinu-ii.i.  c!,iu_htci'    'it    luii-i-    I'lttm^rr.      In  is>;  In-  ;.•;:;;  t!:<     x  .i'i:.!i;l 
villa    nil    Mi'ini'MV    -tiri-t.    uinTf    he    --[.!!  rc-iiii->.        l':i<     :n»    i'T    ••:    \l  : 
N  a  \  1 1 1 1'  \\  i  --  a   -- '.  - 1 1  •  r  ' '  >    ! ! !  i  i  _;  r  M'i>^!'.i\r.   •  i !   <    r  i  \\  '  >  •  •  •  i  i  ••;;.'  \          \  :      ;  • .  •  i  i 
\>\     man  :a_-  •     \\   i>      I  "n  !_;i'    I  '.-an .    <  >'.      \\  ,1  \  Mr    i  ^  .:,'  \  .  •-. .  \   *  <••  i 

tririnl.     |u.i_;r   I  .   \       1  »ran.    nl     Imn:  ui.    <  >':..-<.  .-  a    :  :'.:  ,  ..  ..'I     M 


Mr.   \a\  I,,!-'-  !:ir  >    i  in(l-  ,,.  ,  ;m    •,  ..;    a    „  .:  m.i.j.-. 
b.iM'il    iij  mil    iiiilu--',  r\.    i-i  i  in<  i;n\  .    ainiiM    at.ii    miiui-!\ 
am!  cari\  .  \\  ill.  a  inrmii\    \M  n'i  i  I.  u   ••;  n  \  ;  >.  nl\-,  ;;    ;-  .1 
\\iiiuiri   \\hriT   iir  r\cr  liiiiml   time    tii    makr    h.in-  -1,!    i 
i  i\il  L.'I  >\  r-Miiiu-nt  ami  un:  \  i-r^ai  ^m^ra|iii\. 

i !  i  \  i  •  s     i ,  i ;  •  i » . 


404  HISTORY    OK    SK.NKCA    COUNTY. 

gross  ;iml  three  colonels  to  the  war,  with  a  fair  prospect  or"  sending 
another:  the  I'nited  States  sent  one  of  our  citi/ens  to  represent  her  in 
China,  and  1'ere  Hyacinthe  married  one  of  our  lair  daughters. 

Henry  dross  is  the  second  son  ot  Henry  dross,  sen.,  mentioned  in  a 
former  chapter.  He  was  born  |ulv  _M  .  iSi^.  When  a  boy  he  made 
himself  busy  in  his  father's  gun  shop  ami  learned  the  use  of  tools.  As 
he  grew  up  he  tombed  a  great  taste  tor  music  and  the  line  arts,  and  while 
he  acquired  and  mastered  the  gunsmith  trade,  became  also  ai>  inventor. 
He  secured  a  patent  tor  a  breech-loading  rifle,  and.  in  company  with 
Mr.  Kd.  (iwynn,  started  a  lactory.  In  this,  as  in  almost  all  his  busi- 
ness undertakings,  he  allowed  himself  to  be  over-reached  and  proved 
to  his  triend  that  he  was  more  of  a  genius  than  a  financier.  He  secured 
many  patents  on  ingenious  steel  and  iron  works,  time-locks  on  safes, 
etc.  While  he  was  in  the  employ  of  the  "  Hall  Safe  and  Lock  Co.,"  in 
Cincinnati,  for  many  years,  he  was  sent  tor  from  verv  many  places  in 
the  I'nited  States  to  open  safes  that  by  some  accident  had  become 
fastened  and  nobody  found  to  open  them.  Mr.  Gross  traveled  many 
thousand  miles  on  missions  of  that  nature,  and  never  failed  in  any  case. 
He  olten  astounded  the  by-standers  in  opening  safes  in  a  few  minutes 
when  others  had  worked  lor  days.  It  is  sate  to  sa\  that  there  is  not  a 
sale  made  anywhere  that  Mr.  dross  cannot  open  in  a  very  short  time 
without  knowing  anything  about  the  combinations.  Were  it  not  for 
his  high  order  ot  character  and  strict  integrity,  he  would  certainly  be  a 
dangerous  man  to  run  at  large. 

( )t  his  latest  and  best  invention,  the  papers  are  full  of  praise,  and  a 
copy  of  an  article  that  appeared  in  the  Scutlicfii  Merchant  of  Novem- 
ber. 1X79.  is  here  added  to  show  how  Mr.  dross'  genius  is  appreciated 
by  other  people,  arid  not  to  have  it  said  that  William  Lang  runs  wild  with 
his  love  for  old  Seneca  and  his  friends. 
l!ut  here  is  the  article: 

In  our  occupation  as  journalists,  recording  the  current  events  of  the  times 
tlie  affairs  of  governments  and  political  movements,  the  evil  doings  of  the 
criminal  classes,  the  ^rations  of  societv.  the  theatrical  stellar  attractions, 
the  condition  ot'  the  great  manufacturing  interests,  the  prospects  of  the 
growing  crops,  and  the  e\eit<  inent  in  the  great  commercial  marts,  and  the 
educational,  religions,  and  a^thetiral  mien-Ms,  it  sometimes  becomes  our 
d  ut  >  a>  \\  e]  I  as  1 1  lea  >i  i  re  I  o  ^i  n^1 1  lie  praisesot' the  great  geniuses  and  t  h  inkers 
\\lioo\ereonie  the  oli>tacle>  of  nature  and  utili/e  her  forces  for  the  good, 
con:  i  o!  i  ;;  nd  happiness  of  mankind  I  he  men  \\  ho  have  a  keen  appreciation 
of  the  disid\antage>  under  \\hich  .-oi TO\\  ini:  humanit\  toil,  and  strive  to 
attain  happiness,  and  put  forth  t  heir  lie M  energies  to  dissipate  them. 

As   one   of  ihi-   illustrious   hand  we  take  pleaMire  in  ela^siny  Mr.    Henry 
(in>s>.  of  Cincinnati.  ( >h io.  \\  i tli  \\  horn  we  had   a  delight  fill  and  instructive 


inttT\  if\\ ,  !rarnim_r  nl  hi-  arhirx  rim-nt  -  in  l!i<-  vaiinii-  liram-lf-  »l  the 
Illrrhani''  ait-  I"  uhirh  In'  ha-  luim-il  hi-  at  trnt  ;.<  Ml  am!  i  hm  lu'h  t  -.  I  I  i-  r  i.illif 
i-  tamiiial  !  n  a!  Ill" -I  rs  rr\  I  Hi  n  KIT  t  hi''  MIL:  I  P'' 1 1  1  hi-  i  -i  ill  til  ]  \  a-  a  -k  !  i  !•••  I  i-\  jn-1  I 
ami  lln-  iu\  i-iiln!1  nt  llit-  linr-l  linn-  .ni't  |"Tin;!l.ii  IMU  jm-K-  r\!.m;.  am!  thr\ 
\\  ill  ii.'  i|i  MI!,;  1 1,-  pi --a-, -'I  i,.  Irani  that  IP-  ha-  au'.un  mim-  I"  tln-ir  ai,|.  pr,  ,111- 
i-i  MM  t  |ti<in  -;  1 1]  I'urt  IHT  |>!'i>IiM-t  inn  I  r,  ,in  i  In-  ha  n,|  -  ,  ,]  !a\\  P---IH---. 

\\'i-  ha\r  ip'Mlir!'  timr  mil'  -pan-  !.,  ivmnl  all  tin-    nn-i,|i  'lit-  ,  ,1'  hi-  i-v.-iiUu! 
ram1]'.  ,lr\'ii«',|   a-    il    ha--   IH--II  In  in  in\    lirM-   n|'  i  n  \  i-nU',  ••  i  r-i-arrh .    l,ul    \\  i 
\\  i-h  l> i  -p  -ak  -i MII"\\  ha!  limit  '•'!!'>  > >\  hi-  lal'T  a<'h h-\  i-ni'-nt >  in  I  In-  r,  <n-l  rur- 
linii  n|' i|c\  in--.    I'iir  llti-    |iiv--!T\  at  inn    "I    a'-i-niiiulati'il    \\i-alth.    the  ii-\\aii|   nf 
i!i'!M>!r>.  1'i'nin  Iln-  n.tlni.i!  ami  hninan  ,-ii,-iiii'->    \\hii-h    ln'>,-t  ih<-  ji.i--,,--^,! 
ui-  iiii-an  lii-  inipriiv  fiiifiitN  in  the  ciiiiMnn  Imii  »t'  tln^r  ti  n--i\  >atf_'na!iU  nl' 
the  iiii-rrhanl  ami    hankiT.    thf   tin-  ami    Inn  u'lai -IIMIU!    --ah--  ami  \  anlt>.  ami 
tin-  I'H-k--  ami  liu!t-\\  iti'K   thfimi. 

Mr.  (irn--N  ha^  lui'l  the  im^t  iiitimatr  anil  \aiii-i|  ,-\  p  -i  ii-nn-  in  I  In-  r,  ,1,- 
>trm-Unii  nl'  -al'r--  aii'l  lm'K>  iluiiim  th--  pa-;  l"ii  \t-ar>.  ami  a^  an  «-\P,T!  ha-- 
lii-i-ii  in\  arial>l\  --m'i'.'---|'ul  in  c\p,i-,in^  t'n-  \\  raKm'>--i->  <>\  •*  i!,--  put  np,,n  thr 
inarKi'1  h\  llu'ii  iiiaKi-r--  uith  tlif  !aUr  <  him-  tn  -M-i'iirit\ .  .\  -  ;!,,•  M--II!I  ,,f 
thi^  I'ii-li  ami  xarii'l  rxinTii-m-c.  \\,-  ar,-  m,;  t  h"i  --I'.  ,t  <•  -in  -pi  ]-••,'.  ;h.i;  Mi. 
( ,  I-IINN  |ia-  apparent  1\  i'i-arlir,|  tin-  unal  ,>\  i-\,-.-i|i-n"r  in  I  hi--  p  irt  imlar  art. 
aii'l  \\r  \\ill  I'iKt'  p|,-a--iiif  in  --pi-al-.  in  ^  -,  im--\\  hat  in  'I--;  ui  ni'  hi>  \arimi-. 
impi'i  i\  I'lni'iil  •-. 

l-'ir>t  ami  I'lU'cinn-i)  In-  i-xhihii-  a  Imru'lar  pi'"  't'  >  i!>-  l'.,r  i,  I'lk--]-,'  u-  •.  th  • 
i|i  ii  i  r  n|'  u  hii-h  '->  M-iiai'ilfil  \\  lini  C]UN,-,|  1,\  lh  •  MM--!  -implr  aii'l  i',,nip.i''l  \»>'.\ 
U'ni'k  .  -M  i  i-i  ni>1  ciii't  cil  that  it  pi'f-i'iil  -  a  I'l'^i^i  i  \  r  -t  ivm_rl  h  in  t  rai  t  urr  t-<\  nal  In 
li\  i-  t  i  mi  •>  thai  ii|'  ;i  M  \  ->'-  >t''in  "I  I  rain  lm!i  >  }\i>\\  in  u-.".  ami  I  hi--  Im't  \\  nrk 
\\  it  li  tin-  |i>"!\>  I '  i  Lilian  I  i! .  i-  np  •!  a!'-*!  1>\  a  mi--'  \  r.  i  n\  ai  M  -IMI,'.,-  \\  ,•!  |  , 
>tn-l  aii-l  imn  ii'-r.  hnn^  ii|inn  iinuT  ami  mitiT  I'-ann^  -n  irni\  an  I  piTir.'t- 
1\  that  it  ran  In-  n-\  n[\  nl  like  a  t,  ,p  un  \<-\  lie-  -!i_;!i:  ••-;  p:',---u; ,-.  \\  hii,-  u  > 
-vi'iiri-il  -.n  -t '  i  ni^lv  a  in  I  i-li  '-''!\  in  .;  '•'  >n  -'-pi  ''i'liim'  •  >\«  -n:  n_:'  i  n  l  he  l»'  l\  ,•!  •  In- 
iliinr  that  il  v.mild  rnpiirc  tnn-  n|'  pre-^ui-i-  ,.i-  -,|m"k  I"  ivumsr  it.  Th,-  m,,rc 
iiniiii-iliali-  rail^i'  that  ,  h-\  t-|,  ipn  i  tin-  in-i-i-----il  \  n|'  ih;--  ip'\\  <  N-pa  r!  i  M  •-  in  -a!'- 
1-1111^1  mi -i :  i  in  la  >  in  ei-Mai  n  <\  i--ri  ,\  ,-i  n--  m  h  |i-  1 1\  Mi.  i ,  r, ,--.  j  n  I  h--  ,,  n,!  -,•,•'' 
hi>  i-\  p'-r!  i '  -rii  pat  i  i  in  >  >\'  nprn  ;  nu  --a  If-  \\  !n  '--c  im-k--  lia,  I  I  M-.-nni"  •  ii-ra  n^,-.  i  n;- 
1  hi-  .-I ,  mil  mat  i"ii>  ln-t  l>\  i-ai'i-lr--Niir----. 

II,-  |.  in  ii' I  1 1\  e\  p,' i'ii  m' lit  a  I  t  ••-!  th.it  tin-  \  a  i'ii  MI--  -pm'l  !,•>  "i'  ai'l  mi'-  in  ,  •,  >in- 
liii  HI  UNI-.  i  ,\  nr -a n-  "!  \'.  h  i''h  th''  1,1,-k-,  am  !  In  i'l  \\  "'  K  u  ,  i  <•  m.tnipnlatfil. 
riiiilil  !"•  --','••  i'-  -In'!'.  .i--ai|,-,l.  -"  Miat  IP-  -••|ii"in  -  •  ,n  -i  i  n  P--  !  in"!,  ll.ai.  l\\,i 
IniiifN.  aipl  n--nall  •.  a  In  ml  hall'  t  ha!  ;  ;mi-  «:  '.•  •-- .  :n  nt  i  •  :  !  \  ,N--; : ,  ••,  n_-  iht-in 
;i  ii'  1  I'liti-'  i  n-j  tip-  -a  !'•.  I  ••,  ' ;  ni:  t  !i  it  -'i''li  ^.<\<  -  i ;  i  !!•  •'  !••  •  ,  ,n-  <  :,;  ,  ,ii-;\ 
'  , -,-,  ,nilii"i.  '.'  •!  '•  '  1  IP-  p'.li'i  '  .1  -  I'M".:  'a  :  ;  •'•!.!  ,  -,l  •  !,,  ., ',,,-,,,'  -  i  ;!.,-,  1 

inipi  1 1\  ••lii'-nt  ,  u  hi'1!;  i  lit : '  «-l\     il"'   -    a\l  a  •>     u  it  h  I !  , 

a  IP  I   \>  it  '!  !';<-•!:-•  a!  :.  in  u-  IIP  -lit     Jin      -a],-    hi-    :h-  I  ,::-h 

,1.  ami  ;!P    '!."-:   :n^  u.iiN  |ii.-  -.!h!  alik,-.      \l:     i,:..  .,,,,,;l| 

I'cpiii  at  ii  :  !••  im-;  :i  -  n|   ; !    --  :  n-.  •  ;:;  --,  i-n    t.i 

I,,    appi.-i  :  fJ'  •'  :    *-  -nui'l  -  -'!'iM"  :        --  •     •  at,  :  ,;a    t;,  a!  mall 

ca  1 1   I'rai  1 1  h    -re  ; !  LI  t   t  he  i !  r.  ei  1 1 1 11'  ha  •-  -i  i  H  i  •    •  I  -i  -I  ,  ,  ,n  - 

^1  ni, -t  inn  in  -ITU  1 1    ma  •>  i  mum  -t  TI-IIL;!  h  in  l':!'f?-'  malt  i ; 

Tip-  1,  ,,-k  -  I'ln  I''"'-  •••!  t"  -i-.-n  i  •(•  'In-    -air    a; ,-   tip     ;,--,:  .   -t  :i.|\  .   a  m  I 


4o(>  HISTORY   or   SKNKCA   COUNTY. 

are  most  admirably  adapted  to  the  purpose.  The  time  movement  and  per- 
mutation 1 1 1  ml  tiers  are  closely  connected  within  a  space  of  t\\  o  indies  sipiare, 
and  perform  all  tip-  functions  of  the  ordinary  bulky  time  and  combination 
locks  of  ten  times  the  si/e.  while  possessing  new  feat  u  res  of  convenience  and 
security  that  will  be  readily  appreciated  by  users.  Mr.  (irossalso  finally 
presents  a  lire-proof  sale,  of  excellent  design  and  calculated  per  maximum 
etliciency  in  ihe  protection  of  its  contents  from  lire. 

All  Hie  in\eiiiioiis  of  Henry  dross,  from  his  lirst  "  time  lock."  show  the 
master's  hand  of  yeniiis.  and  now  that  he  has  practically  demonstrated  the 
excellence  ami  in\  ulnerahi lily  of  the  two  last  efforts  of  his  skill.it  is  sin- 
cerely to  be  hoped  that  bankers,  county  treasurers,  and  those  who  use  safes 
generally,  \\ill  look  at  the  merits  of  Ids  make  before  they  buy  the  produc- 
tions of  mendacious  man  u  fact  urers.  whose  main  merits  consist  in  the  liberal 
use  of  printer's  ink. 


The  various  newspaper  enterprises  that  were  established  in  Tiffin 
from  time  to  time,  the  incidents  connected  with  them,  the  political 
views  they  advocated,  the  i|uest:ons  that  agitated  the  public  mind  from 
lime  to  time,  and  the  greater  or  lesser  lights  that  figured  on  the  aftirma 
live  and  negative  sides  ol  these  questions,  the  results  obtained  In  the 
elections  and  all  that  and  more,  would  make  a  very  interesting  book, 
md  it  is  hoped  some  TiHmite  will  some  day  take  up  the  subject  and 
write  up  a  volume. 

A  short  history  of  these  establishments  in  Tiffin,  without  comment,  is 
.ill  that  is  intended  here. 

The  first  newspaper  published  in  the  county  was  the  St~>it'<'<i  l\itriot. 
!•'..  P.ro\\n.  editor  and  proprietor.  The  little  hand  press  upon  which  it 
was  printed  was  procured  from  Mr.  I.  1'.  McArdle.  who  claimed  for  it 
thai  it  was  the  first  printing  press  brought  to  Ohio. 

The  first  number  was  issued  August  4th.  iS^j.       Its  motto  was.  "  Con 
stitutional  Rights.  Republican   Institutions,  and  I'nion   Forever." 

The  paper  came  out  as  circumstances  would  permit.  Sometimes 
the  editor  was  out  .it  paper:  sometimes  out  ot  ink.  Public  patronage 
was  no!  \  er\  Ljood.  and  the  notn  es  and  \\ork  trom  the  c<iimt\  otticials 
t'lirmed  the  prim  ipal  par'  <>t  his  support.  The  Creates!  trouble  ot  all. 
however,  was  the  triangular  fi_:i):  between  the  political  parties.  The 
fii/n'ni  \\  •  il\  pa|ier  in  'lie  <  oimtv.  and  Mr.  llrown  undertook  lo 

.u  ere,  in  nod  ate   I  ill.    ,i  m  i  >e<  u  re  <  u  -t  i  in  i  I  r<  >m  i  a  <  i  i .       I  le  proposed, 

t  h  e  r  e  1  o  re .  to  d  e  \  i  >  i  e  .1  <  c  r  t  a  i  1 1    s  p  a  <  e    o !    ea  i  !  >    paper  to  a  r  1 ;  i  I  e  s  suitable 
t.o  the  ideas  oi  eai  h  party,  and  headed  them  ••  Cia\  pohtu  s."  ••  [aokson 


politii  s,"  '-\\'irt  politics."       1'or    awhile    he    abstained    from  ;.tk;:i 
pa-:  a-i  i  re'iiiiii.'l    n---itr.il.  In',  the   U  .•   _  >  \>\  uii--.|    him    wit!;  p.irt 

Uilioura^e     lor  a  while.        |-;na!i\     the    th.iu    _•••'.     •"    ;<:••>••:.-..    .1:1 

anti   Masou-  so    boisferou-.    :ha:     Mr.     I'.MAH 

anee.    ind  tinalK  .  on  the  .-  7 ;  h  o!  (  ^  to',-:,   i  \;.-.  !:••  .   une  •.•,•   ;:,  ,i: 

I, .rial   to  deehire   !:;>  true  ; !:.,n.       He    .  ..  i!d 

complained  »;  men  "i  the  three  p.tr'ie-,  who  \\ere 

<  las  m   more  than  their  -hare  i  >\  the  paper,  ,ind  be.;!  _  ;•<••  ;-.  •  . ; .  ;  hre.i 

to  injure  the  paper,  eti  .       lie  !inaii\    <  mn  '.':•[,  d  h\    -a\    •; 

be  compelled  to  haul  do\\  n  our  tri  c  olored  lla.;.  <*!    to    !       m  .;•.-    e\j-!i<  it, 

v,  e  -h  li!  undoubtedly  hoist   true    \merii  an    i  olor-,    and  i;  we  are    dm  en 

troni  our  po-ition  we  s-haii    a--'ircd!v     de<  Lire  lor    Andrew   |.n  k-on    .m-l 

the  I  lemoi  ratu    party 

Now  the  \\hi_;-  withdreu  their  patronage;  l.lu-r!  and  Mener  i  ,une 
out  in  an  open  eard  and  refused  to  support  the  paper  l>e<  an>r  ;t  \\.is 
no  longer  neutral.  1  i  r  o  w  n  i  i  a  d  _;  o  n  e  over  to  the  1 .  1 1  k  ••  o  n  n  i  e  n 

In    the    next     issue    the    editor  -a\-:       •  Irom   uh.it   ha-  ,i!iead\    'ran- 
pi  red  we  are  i  on\  i  m  ed  \ve  i  an   never  _;:  v  r-  -a; ;  -Lii  t  ion    vv  h :  !e  we  pur-ue 
the  eoiirse  nr-i   prescribed.       l'art\     leel:n_;    ;-    -o    urn  li    excited  ;n    :':r- 
j)!.u  e.  that   ieah>u-ie-  w  i!i  ari-e.  and  uiiplea-ant   measures  \\-li      t-    take-,. 
however  | list  our  i  au-e  ma\    !>e." 

That  settled  it.  Mr.  I'/H-ha  I '.ro\s  n  -omet ;  me  attei  look  -.1  k  .11,1'.  liied 
.it  ('im  innati.  Hi-  -on.  |  II.  I'. rown.  •  arried  on  (lie  paper  lor  a  short 
time  then-alter,  and  'hen  -old  the  pre--  and  material  to  Mr.  Aion/o 
K  aw  son. 

I ',  -tore  proi  eediiiL;     lur'.her    in    tlie  his'oi-\    ot    the   pre--.  fet    u-    rei  oj-.i 
-in  h      ev  idem  e     a-     <  an      be      -ei  u  red       to       pre-er\  e      t  lii-      i: :  -!  •  >rv 
thi-  1 1  Id  pr  (•-.-.  svhii  h   i-  eerlainiv    vei\     ri-markaliie        I'   v\  a-    !  n  o  i ;  ^fii    to 
\Va-,hin^!ou     I'enn  -\  1  vama.  bv     a     Mi      I 'o]er.<  k.  prior  to  the  \  ear    i  ,s 

.    .    some    phi  i  e   on    t  he     Al  1,111 !  li      i  oa-I          1  '     v\   l-    relllov  ed     1 1  •  Mil     \\  .!  -li 
in^ton  to  \\ellsbur-.    Nir^mia.    about     ;he\e.r    i  -.-    .|n    |     p     \|,    \,,i;,-. 
\\  h  1 1  w  .  i  -    i   v  e  i-  v    p  o  i ; '  e    and     i  1 1 1  e  I  i  i  ^  e  1 1 !     S  ( •  o ! ,  h  u  i  i  n .     a  :  \  d    l:\eiiw.ti:    ; 
:  i  miA    'or  a   Ion  _;  t  ime   ,n    Kej  ml  iii'  .  \\  hei .-  i  me  .  >!  ii       .  ,*,  ..  \     ;     \b\-dle. 

Mi      I      I'     Mi    \'.:  .  M 

'  Jlilo.  ul.rte  :     :  :•  :  :h-'   A'  i-  i         -    .  • 


408  HISTORY    OF    SF.NKCA    COUNTY. 

••  It  must  be  acknowledged  that  this  venerable  press,  in  the  service  of  half 
a  cent  ur\  .  has  earned  at  least  the  reputation  of  a  faithful  'herald  of  a  noisy 
world.'  It  has  no  doubt  embla/oncd  to  the  world  the  achievements  of  many 
an  eminent  statesman,  and  probably  chronicled  as  the\  occurred  the  stirring 
e\  ents  which  gave  our  government  its  national  existence.  ( 'ommcncing'  its 
tour  of  pilgrimage  upon  the  Atlantic  coast,  it  has  wound  its  way  to  the 
fancied  '  far  west .  It  is  indeed  a  relic  of  other  days.  lie  who  would  com- 
pare, at  thisda>.  that  sturdy  lever  with  the  vast  improvements  made  upon 
its  like,  since  its  first  da\s.  would  behold  one  of  the  most  astonishing  and 
remarkable  evidences  of  human  skill  ever  developed  in  any  branch  of  scien- 
tific or  mechanical  invent  ion." 

If  this  be  the  first  press  uind  it  undoubtedly  was)  that  crossed  the 
Alleganies.  it  should  become  the  property  ot  the  west,  and  here  be  pre- 
served to  attest  the  improvements  in  the  "  art  preservative  of  arts." 

Mr.  Alon/o  Rawson.  who  bought  the  press,  issued  the  first  number 
of  the  />ii/<'pi'Hi/i-fi/  Clii'tniiclt  <i>n/  St-/i<*i-<r  Ath'crtiscr  on  the  26th  of  April, 
i  S  ^4.  M  aking  his  bow  to  the  people  he  said  he  would  be  independent  in 
politics,  and  advocate  measures,  not  men.  lie  soon,  however,  leaned 
over  to  the  Whigs  very  strongly,  and  the  leading  Democrats  put  their 
heads  together  to  buy  Rawson  out. 

Mr.  Josiah  1- .  Reed  purchased  the  office  from  Mr.  Rawson.  and  issued 
the  first  number  ot"  the  ///////  Ga~-,-i/,-  ami  Scnccti  Atlrertisrr  in  the 
last  week  in  November.  i^S-  as  the  organ  of  the  Democracy. 

During  a  large  portion  of  the  year  i<\}6.  it  seems  that  there  was  no 
paper  published  in  Lower  Sandusky,  tor  nearly  or  all  the  official  notices 
from  Sandusky  county  during  that  time  were  published  in  the  Gazette 
here. 

In  the  latter  part  of  February.  iS^.S,  Luther  A.  Hall,  who  was  one  of 
the  principal  leaders  <«t  the  \\higs  ot  Seneca  county,  bought  the  whole 
concern  of  Mr.  Reed,  and  immediately  handed  it  over  to  Mr.  Joseph 
Howard,  who  was  one  ot' the  early  lawyers  here,  and  the  second  clerk 
of  the  common  pleas  court,  a  Whig,  ot  course.  Mr.  Howard  kept  the 
name  ot  the  (,',/:,•//,•  for  his  paper,  but  dropped  the  Ac/rrr/isrr.  In  his 
inaugural  he  s;i\  s  that  he  muM  ha\  e  the  support  of  all  people  who  want 
a  newspaper,  and  throws  himselt  upon  the  \\hig  party  especially.  Mr. 
Howard,  alter  one  or  two  issues,  sold  the-  concern  to  Samuel  A.  (iris- 
wold,  who  issued  his  first  number  on  the  ;th  dav  of  April.  i.S^S.  and 
conducted  it  as  the  organ  of  the  Whigs  until  the  tall  of  1X42.  when  it 
was  discontinued.  Mr.  (iriswold  is  at  present  the  editor  of  the  I.an- 
dis/t-/  <)hio'  (Vi/>'//V.  which  has  been  under  his  charge  for  many  years. 

\\h;.t  has  become  ol  the  old  press  i  Now  came  on  tin:  ides  of  the 
ever  memorable  campaign  ot  1X40.  and  the  Democrats  without  a  news- 


1  111 
U  illrnskr.i!!    \Vi-i-    s, 


.SV/;--  ,/  ./,/•    >.'.•<•           I ":..-  IMS- 
is.(J       Mr.  |;,r>;.n  ,  ,,11,1:1.  tV!   :iu 
IIM-I-I!  '"     !•  '1m     I  l.uiuh'T.    u  h :r 

,U-   ,   rr,tr,i     t,\       U  .     \\        A  I  111  s!  r.  >1U 

until  tin-  \f.ir  I*;.;,  when  Mr.  AIIU- 
hcr.unr  its  j,i -,  ij.r.i-ti  T.  .1^  w,-il  .is 
until  tin-  sj.i  ;n_;  ,»!  iS'.^.  \\lu-p  hr  rni 
A  M\,TS  ;.)  i.ikr  <  h.ir.ur  "!  thr  »in,  r 
\\.is  ( -Ic,  ;<•>!  in  i  >«  t'lluT.  i  •').«.  \1,.  H 
vvith.lri-\\ .  .i!ni  I .  M  .  M  \  i-fs  h.nl ,  ':.  i: . 
tin-  i>.ij'>'i"  '-vcr  s'ni,  i-.  \v:;h  his  .1,  kn 

prrs.r         In    th-     linr    D!    |,..liii.-> 
tin-  firs;  >-.•;,-  , ,;  tin-    /  .//;  /•'.'/      '.'  .'  .  :. 

1  I,--  .!,,ru'ir  i!  .i.i.in- 
Sr!lr\.     l.s.j   .     .i!,,!     .1     ,  -.|,\ 
\\  1 11  (  1 '.    -ft'. 

In  tin-  -  •  n  1 1 1 1 1  <  •  r  "I    j  S  p  •  1 1  \    i  • 
.1  ,   u  1 1  i .  Lit*'  ;  1 1  r  i  n  i  •  1 1 1 1 1  r  i     i :  t  i ;  r 
•-   1):  MI...  r.i'i.    i,  ir:\ 


410  HISTORY     (>!•'     sKNKCA     rOt'NT\. 

lionic  here  h\  our  I  Vic  i  ii  Is  in  subscriptions.     (Mir  desire  in  addressing  you  is. 

to  solicit  such  ;i'nl  as  \on  ma\  devm  proper  to  extend,  to  enable  us  to  com- 
mence tin1  publication.  Ami  \\  e  ;tssmv  \mi  thai  such  ;ii<l  MS  you  may  alTonl 
will  In-  uTatefuli)  receivd.  ,unl  I'aillil'nlly  applied  to  the  purpose  intended, 
and  tin1  furtherance  of  democratic  )irinci|)lcs  in  northwestern  Ohio. 

The  uecessit)  of  M  ( •!•!  man  1  >('in<>rral  ic  CM  per  in  this  -ed  ion  of  the  State 
located,  too.  in  the  1 1,  inner  -list  rid  of  ( )hio     will  he  apparent  to  you.  when  we 
state  that  there  are   in    this     Seneca    count)    ahont   eiuht    hundred  (.ennan 
Democratic  voters     at    lc;ist   I  \\ent\-li\e  hundred   in   this  con<;ressional  dis- 
trict    and  donlitless  from  lil'leen  to  t\\  enty  thonsMiid  in  northwestern  Ohio 
amoim'  \\  horn  \ve  CMII  numlier  some  of  the  most  un\  i elding  Democrats  in  the 
State     yd  are   comparative!)    destitute  of  the    means  of  acquiring  political 
information. 

1  f  successful  in  commencing'  this  piihlication.  \\e  fed  assured  Imndreds. 
if  not  thousands,  can  he  rallied  to  the  polls,  and  man\  induced  to  M  speedier 
natnrali/ation.  who  have  heretofore  felt  indifferent  as  to  the  importance  of 
acquiring  the  rights  of  cil  i/.ens.  and  the  i>-lorious  privileges  of  an  American 
freeman  and  thus  swell.  1>\  thousands,  the  Democrat  ic  vote  of  Ohio. 

For  such  amount  as  may  lie  contributed  h\  \ourself.  and  other  friends  in 
your  place.  \\  e  will,  of  course,  furnish  the  proper  numlier  of  papers,  weeklv. 
in  remuneration.  Will  you  exert  \  ourself  ad  iveh  a  mony  the  friends  of  the 
cause,  and  advise  us  as  soon  MS  possinle  of  \oiir  success,  elc.  't 

.10 HI.   W.    WILSON. 
RICH  AIM)   \\  II. LI  A.MS. 
WILLIAM    LA.\(,. 
•JOHN  <;.   URKSLIN. 
I  JeinocrMt  ic  (  Vntral  ( 'oinmittee. 

TII-I  IN.  l-'elii'iiar>    I.  1^»^. 

This  call  \va>  answered  by  itinds  stitlnirnt  to  purchase  a  lot  of  tvpe 
tor  a  ( icrnian  paper,  and  the  first  copy  of  the  .SVv/r<w  .•!,///•>•  made  its 
appearance  about  the  latter  part  of  April.  [848.  and  appeared  weeklv  for 
just  six  month-;  William  I.MIIL;  was  the  editor,  and  |ohn  (I.  ISreslin  the 
publisher.  At  the  end  ol  tills  time.  Mr.  Ilreslin  was  elected  a  member 
of  the  general  assembly,  and  i^ettini;  ready  to  L^O  to  ( 'olumbus.  had 
nobody  to  look  alter  the  .ti//i'r\\\  the  oltii  e.  and  the  writer  found  other 
and  more  prontable  employment.  The  ./,//<•/•  was  the  first  ('.erman 
papei'  published  in  Seneca  <  onnt\  .  The  next  (ierman  newspa]ier  pnb- 
li-hed  hen  wj-  the  (  //.ww  /•'At^^t'.  J.  M.  /.ahm.  editor  and  proprietoi'; 
and  thet'nird.  /)•'<•  /'//////  /'/v.v.\v.  (ieor^e  Ilomann.  editor  ami  propri 
etor:  both  ot  whu  h  -hall  be  noticed  a^ain. 

(  )n  the  i.Sth  ')]  November.  1^45,  the  hr-;  number  of  the  /////^ 
S/'iHif'ii'i/  l.\  .1-  i-.-ueil  1>\  (ieorLie  i ..  \\hartoii.  editor. 

llie  t  ii  lowing  i--  the  com  iusioii  oi  the  editor'-   "  saint  at  or\',"  \-j/  : 

••  \\'t    -hall  enter  Hi ii'  prut e-t  au'.i in-t  the  Locofocn  pa rl  \  and  labor  ardent !\ 

for  the   p|ese|'\  at  iiill   nl    those     pi  i  lie  i  pie-,    beipleal  lie.!     [n  Us  b\    t  he   pa  I  I'ii  it  s    of 

the  revolution     tlie  prineijiles  of  llie  Wlii.tr  part\      a   part)   \\  Imse  oi-j^in   was 


!  If  I      I-KK 


)  l 


utir   roiint  i\  '>   rt-\  ululii'ii.  ami    ulm-i-   ii.|ciii\    .in.  I    |..it  i  i»t  SMII   .t«-|i!i-\  .-.!   ,,n< 

illi|r|M-)l'lr!|i-r.        I     I  H  i||    I  hi-,   ii|  ...lil    |ii;ilt<«MM    U  i-    -ha  Si    -t.lh.i.  .Hi!  I-   !il!'_'    ll!  lll!\    t-i 

liln-rl).  ilf-pi-inu'  anaivh\  .un!  .1.  -i>.>:  :-m  \\  n!i  an  <-\<  -in::!.-  !••  itn-  int.  •!.•-! 
of  mir  ruimlrv  .  trrlin'_r  a--ill  v<l  that  ii|..ni  t  hr  intr_'i  !t  \  -.[tin  \\  ii  :  _•  [MI  I  \  . 
i  •••-!-  mil  ili--l  iii\  a-  a  nal  urn.  " 

Mr.   \\  harton  .  ..mini  t,-.!    :':.<  -  p.  \v;;. 

low.  -i  !  liv  Abraham  I  ,i<::>.:i  ;;.  u  ::  >  <  jiv"  •;  ;  •••!  r  •  :..  \  •  •:..•  v  .•  i:  .  (:..  !  -.  •!•! 
out  to  <  'ap-aii:  M»  Kee.  u  ho  i  D;.,:.;,  :.  o  ;  :..  pi  i  -  .  .  A  .  ;  ;  V\ 

(  '  .   (  i  !'  a  S    !  i  :  •  r  a  n  H  •    !  ;  •>  *  •  t  i  ;  !  •  i  ;•  .   a  i  1  1  i  i  1  1  .  1  !  l  .;  •  •  '  i  '  :  •  .  -  :  l  1  1  1  1      '    •  ••/•.;/':• 

1  Ir   li'i!    1:1    I  M.  I  ,     a!    u  Is;,  h    time      !•  »!i!l      K  •  '! 

finiu'ii  i!>  p'liilii  a'uin  nn;,i  !.->'.•;.  \\hrn  .'  .u  '•"  •  :.a!i_'-'i  i.  lii'i-.  ]-.i--.n^ 
inlo  thr  [)i)^-.fs-,iDii  ''!  \lir.t  I  lain  k.i^\.  \\i;ii  ci  i.'ni  .'  IJM!  a  •>..,;:  t->jnc. 
wlu'ii  Mr--!1-,  \l\cr-.  a  n  1  1  Millrr  Imn^li!  h;in  ii'it.  anil  |.-i.  ':>'.>  lit  •'!  thf 
|>a|HT  until  iSfc-i.  In  No\  i-inln'r  n!  tin-  \  rar  iv'.x,  Mc^^r^  (  harlc-  \ 
I  .oc  kr  ami  i  >';-  I.  l.mkr  |.'ir<  lia^nl  tin-  ott'ui-.  an«l  it  n..i-  .-\  rr  s-nt  i- 
in-  en  ctnuiinu-i  I  uinlcr  tin-  linn  nanir  •  i!  I  .<  »,  k<-  .\  l'«  r.  >  V\'!u-:i  ihr  U  hi.: 
part  \  inrr^ci  i  •  .\  cr  am  i  :  n  ti  >  the  i\r|  .'li/iii  an  j  •.!  rt  \  .  '  In-  /  :  !.  •!  i.  .-.\  c.  i 

thr  tran-it.  anM  ha^  f\cr  since  ln-rn  iln-  nr^an  u:  -!:'  Ri-p-iM  •  in  p.irt\ 
.it  S  i  •  n  i  •  i  a  (  1  1  1  1  '  :  !  \  .  I  1  1  1  •  j  <  .  i  p  r  r  ha-  a  1  a  r  _;  r  i  ;  r<  '  !  '.  .  s  I  •  >  '  ;  .  .n'1  i  I-  ^  <  '  '  \  '  '  '  '.  \ 
cditni  !.v  <  i.  T.  I.  <>i  kc.  who  i-  -till  a:  hi-  p..-t. 

In  <)(-(..!,(•!•.   iS;.}.   |.   M      /ahm,    I   -.;.    -:.u  :.-.  !  a  (  •  rnnan  i  -a 
/  '//>,-•;  ,•  //./^  s  .•-.  a;n  1  i  on;  ni'ii-il  tin-  p-:'h:  a  a:  ;o;;    i\\n\]     |  an-iars  .    i  "  "7.       I  ' 
-up]n  Ttcil   I  H'liHM  r.itii     |iriiK  iplc-   iron,  an  iniii-pfii'lcn'  -!-.i:  .'.:    .  •  '..     "I'iir 
ottit  f  \\  a-    punha-cil    In    l.lmcr    \\lnic    aii'l   I1  rank     l\a.ii-i?!'.;,ij   i>'>->.    wlin 
.  (ininn.-ni  r,l  ilu-  puMii  .itimi  ot  an   lin^ii^h  paprr.  iinii-pi-niicn:      n    po 
lii  -.  <  alU-,1  th<-    /'.'//.;/  .S/,/y  ,       In    U.tol.rr,     i  -^7  ;.     \l.---r-      I     k      Hi.hi'r 
ami   1  •  r  i  n  k  I  )  ;  1  1  !  i  n  i  •  p  •  i  r  c  1  1  a  -  r  i  i  tin-  o  f  1  1  1  r  .  1  1  1  1  •  latter  r  <  •  t  •  r  .  n  _;    r  :  1^7;.    i  :  !  i  •  r 
wlii.  h  tiiii--  the  paper  wa-  pul.ii-h.Ml  1,\    M,     H-nhiie    .,';.,  n,  .  vsh 
it  into  a  da;l\  ,  ma.  li-  a  nil  >-t   -pit  \    >lin-r  .    an.  I    t'ne  lir-'  .i.i;i\    :;«  u  -.  •    \  •  , 
'['ittin  e\.-r  hail.       ll    ,-.    to    he    rc^retteil    tliat     \1  r.     Il'iihile    w/V- 
I  a  i  n  e  1  1  \\  !  !  h   !  1  1  n  1  1  -  ,    a  -    h  •  •    >  h  i  >  1  1  1  1  !    1  1  i  v  <  •    !  M  •  e  !  i  .    1  1  1  1  ;  ;  ]   t  i  ;  e  o  1  1  1  .  •    •  '-•;'..!    :  •  •  i  \ 
i  :    o  n   .  '  -•  own   r  e  -  o  n  r<  e  >  ,  \v  h  :  .  h  ;  ;   \s  o  1  1  .  .  i  h  a  \  e  .  i  .  >'.  \  <  •    :  n    t    -  i  ;  .  •  •   •  .  :  •  .  •     i  ".  i  •  i 


412  HIS  TORY  0V  SKNKCA  COUNTY. 

its  first  number  in  April.  iSjS.  It  \v;is  ;i  weekly  neutral  family  news- 
j)aper.  well  edited,  and  very  clean  and  neat  in  its  mechanical  appear 
ance.  decidedly  the  most  readable  family  paper  published  in  the  city; 
appeared  only  about  one  year,  when  it  was  suspended  tor  want  of 
proper  patronage.  Mr.  /.all in  sold  the  office  some  time  afterwards  to 
1).  |.  Statter.  Fsq..  who.  as  the  editor  and  proprietor  of  the  'J'ijfhi  .\V?i'.r, 
a  weeklv  family  newspaper,  issued  the  first  number  on  April  3.  iXXo. 
It  is  a  beautiful  and  interesting  tour  page  sheet. 

The  circulation  of  all  these  weeklies  is  about   5,000. 

In  addition  to  all  these  newspapers,  large  quantities  of  daily  papers 
from  Cincinnati,  Cleveland,  Toledo  and  Chicago  are  sold  by  the  news- 
boys. There  are  more  that  5,000  newspapers  and  3,000  periodicals 
distributed  at  the  Tiffin  postottice  every  week  in  addition  to  the  above. 
What  further  proof  is  required  to  show  that  Tiffin  contains  a  reading 
population  i 

The  letters  and  papers  sent  by  the  Tiffin  postoltice  number  over 
i  5.000  per  week. 

Foreign  dailies  are  sold  lo  the  number  of  }oo  or  more  by  the  news- 
boys. 

\VII.I.IA  \i    w.    ARMS  i  ROM;. 

Hitherto,  in  glancing  over  the  history  of  the  press  in  Tiffin,  verv  little 
has  been  said  about  two  distinguished  men  connected  with  it,  and  who 
did  more  than  any  of  their  predecessors  to  elevate  the  tone  of  the 
press  and  improve  the  style  mentally  and  mechanically,  thus  fitting  it 
to  the  demands  of  the  age  and  the  requirements  of"  a  higher  order  of 
newspaper  literature. 

(  >ne  of  these  men  is  the  >ubject  of"  this  sketch,  and  if  time  and  mate 
rial  can  be  procured  before  this  chapter  goes  to  the    printer,   there   will 
also  be  added  a  short  pen  picture  of  the  other. 

Mr.  Armstrong  was  born  in  New  Lisbon.  (  )hio.  on  the  i.Sth  day  of 
March.  iN.^.v  He  is  the  youngest  son  of  (ieneral  John  Armstrong,  a 
prominent  arid  influential  citi/en  of  ('olumbiana  county.  In  1X47,  on 
the  jyth  dav  of  Mav.  when  only  two  months  pa--i  fourteen  years  of  age. 
\\  illiam  became  an  apprentice  to  the  printing  business  in  the  office  of 
the  S,  //•,,!  .1  ilri'i'l  i-^i-r .  at  Tiffin,  then  published  by  |ohn(i.  Mreslin, 
F.MJ..  a  position  he  was  compelled  to  take  owing  to  the  financial 
rc\  cr>c>  of  his  father.  William  \vu->  then  a  Minu.ll  bov,  and  the  writer, 
bei;'i_  an  old  friend  ot  Mr.  llreslin.  and  vi>iting  the  office  of  the  AJrcr- 
//.•.••v  very  often,  well  remembers  the  little  fellow  sitting  at  the  desk  trv 
inj,  penmanship,  and  looking  up  into  my  face  with  his  large  blue,  sad 
eye.  that  Deemed  to  speak  of  homesickness  or  loss  of  friends.  <  )iir  old 


•riti/nis  t  i  i.  wril  rriiu-in!>-'r  t  !i  •  !i  >\  w.'.h  :i.  -  :<•  I  •  'ir.s.  h:>  ir.r-id.v  M«  ••. 
his  pi»!;shrd  niannris,  .1-  hr  <!'•',. \  rri  d  his  in  \\  sp.tp(-i  -,  rvrrv  VNC<  k  !••!  .1 
<Miipiro:  vrais  I;  \sa-  tn>;  HIM.;  attn  !:  .  .u:.\.u  i.r:r  ':n'.i  \\..!:.un 
had  a  llnst  ,»!  friend-  .imoiu  thr  nldrl  (las-  ,,!  ,.tir  ..  t  :/•::-  ii  - 
spr  ;_h' i  :nr--  and  alnlitv  -in.n  rinlr.itril  :i;ni  !.•  ii.-rmp.  ivrr.  M  :  lire- 
l:n.  vvh''  in. H'.I  iiiin  iMir  n!  ii.-  laiu.lv. 

Mr.  Ai 'M-:;. -;i_:  v\niknl  .it  h.-  tr.Mir.  m  •  .t>;"iia'!v   • 

I'llil  i  iri.il  i  <  >! 'ini  iis  iii  thr    /./;    ' .':  >•  ' .  UM'  . .    i  .•>,  j        \\  hr  n   \1 :     !  '• :,--'..  :i  \s  .1- 
trra-'irrr  i>t  -tatr.  hr  innii  re.i  h.:n  :i:c  iii!i<  .-  ,•:  i,-^v-ti  i  ,••  •;:      ;>.H.N  <!<.• 
jiarliurnt  at  thr  -t  itr  trr.isiirrr'-  '>nn  r.  \vh;.  1.  ':.-.•  i'iJr.1  u:'h  -..i'.-.i.n 

tn  m  i  if  thr  hanks  ,IIH!  thr  t  rra-M!  r:  |,  >\  alu  nit  t  \\<  >  v  car-  I  :  -  i.tr  .  il  .1 
(  irl'k  \V  a-  illst.i-tclu!  '«'  Vnilll^  \  I  Ills' i  ,  i|i^.  ,uni  hr  rrt'inici'l  t-i  1  .'!r:  .11 
i^;|.  p'an  'c.isn!  thr  AJ:<I!I^'>.  ami  rntrrnl  nil  ).;-  inai'intv  .MH!  <-.i;- 
tnnal  i  arrrr  almii;  thr  s.nnr  ;;nir 

'I'lir  \"U',_  writrr  liritu  an  ar.lint  1  (riinn  rat.  thr  .//•'.':••'  \s  a- 
c oiuliH  trd  as  a  1  )rni<)(  rati<  nr^an  »:  thr  -i  r;<  tr-:  -<-,>.  aini  lu-  i>r;iu  a 
1411111!  Inisinrs-  man  i^rr  and  a  vi_;nrni;s  \vi;:rr.  -nun  madr  i;  -  :  a1,"-:  .1 
pi  i\v  r  r  in  il'  irthu  rstrrn  <  >li  n  >.  In  1^5  ;  tir  \\  a-  appn;nto  i  \>\  I ':  •  -.  irnt 
I'.ut  hanan  [M /-tma-trr  at  Tittin.  an  "Mn  r  vvhii  h  hr  !:r!il  unl  ,  i  -'M.  \v!:rn 
hr  u.is  rrt.ifii  lr,  a  Krp'i!>i;<  an  -MI  i  r--'>:'. 

(In   thr    i     th   nl   \ii\rnilirr.   i  S  ^  - .    Mr.     \ :  in-' :  •  >n^  vs.i-  :n.i::   •>'.  '.«   \\.~- 

ha-  iirrii  1  i\---r>  i  A  ;'  h  th  I'rr  (  ir.  ':<  Irr  ii.  t  \v  >  i  m\  -.  ';  i  >;  h  n,i\\  • ;  ••  t. :.  aini  •  i:ir 
(lauuhtrr.  M;--  I-alirlla  11  .  surviving 

Mi'.  Arin-t;-' >;u's  pn-.;t;,in  .11  p.iht.<  -  ;n  Srnri  .,  >  »  ::\-\.  rid  ':..-  ^rn:.ii 
i, at  ni'r .  iii.iiir  1,  ;ni  a  stn  MI:;  in. in  m  his  i '. in  \  ,  n  i  In:  stat  •  •.  and  :  •  -'  •  ••r:^th 


a^r.  hr  \va-  rlri  tr.i  -r.  rrtarv    .1!  -tatr    ni  <  '!;:.'        11   - 
I  n  . '.  k  r   thai    i  1 1 1  i  i  ( •   i )  I  >.  r   ill    1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1  r  t  a  1 1 1  t  •     .  -    - ! : .  <  \\  n    !  <  \    ti.'1    '. 
;h  iin  .1; .-'.  i  ili'in    ;'-    ir]mi'!>    IM-I  ainr    th.r    inn-t  ;  ;:!<•'.•-:.• 

SMir     .I-    ..l!Mi:.-!its.         I  |r     ,   oil,-,   tnl     ,   !r,   '    ,  ,M     -t.it     •'... 


41  4  msTOKV   OK   SK.NKCA   rorvrv. 


suspended  Cleveland  l*laindeale>\  and  selling  the  ///////  Aiirfrtiscr  to 
the  Messrs  Myers,  he  transferred  his  efforts  to  the  metropolis  of  north- 
ern (  )hio.  the  t  it  v  tit  (  'leveland. 

Owing  to  the  death  t,t  |.  \\".  (irav  and  subsec|uent  unskillful  manage 
men!  the  /'i!iiint/i'ii/t-i  had  been  brought  into  a  very  unfortunate  con 
dition.  as  was  indicated  by  its  suspension. 

It  is  a  severe  task  to  revive  a  dead  newspaper,  yet  Mr.  Armstrong 
not  only  did  that,  but  in  a  tew  years  made  the  l*laindealer  one  of  the 
leading  newspapers  ot  the  west.  A  clear,  vigorous,  ready  writer,  self- 
educated  and  nervy,  he  naturally  took  a  bold,  aggressive  course,  and 
neither  friends  nor  enemies  had  the  slightest  difficulty  in  knowing  what 
he  meant.  He  showed  himself  on  all  occasions  a  Democrat  of  the 
school  of  lackson  and  llenton.  unswen  ing  in  favor  of  state  rights,  home 
rule  and  hard  money,  ami  those  time-honored  principles  he  was  pre- 
pared to  maintain  against  all  opposition,  either  by  voice  or  pen.  for  if 
Mr.  Armstrong  had  made  any  efforts  he  would  have  taken  rank  as  a 
very  graceful  orator  and  stumper. 

In  iShS  Mr.  Armstrong  was  elected  delegate  at  large  from  Ohio  to 
the  Democratic  national  convention,  which  met  at  New  York,  and 
which  nominated  Horatio  Sevmour  tor  president  In  1872  he  came 
within  a  tew  votes  of  securing  the  nomination  for  congress  in  the 
Seneca-  -Krie  district.  In  1-^7,}  he  removed  his  family  permanently 
to  ('leveland.  and  settled  in  a  beautiful  little  home.  In  1X76  he  was 
chosen  b\  the  Democrats  ot  the  Cuyahoga  district,  the  second  in  point 
of  population  and  wealth  m  the  state,  to  represent  them  in  the  St.  Louis 
Democratic  national  convention,  and  again  in  uSSo  the  same  compli- 
ment was  paid  him  bv  the  same  district,  and  he  was  chosen  a  delegate 
to  the  convention  \\hich  nominated  Hancock  and  Knglish  tor  president 
and  vice  president  His  co-delegates  to  that  convention  selected  him 
as  the  member  ot  the  Democratic1  national  cxe<  "tive  committee  from 
Ohio.  One  young  printer  bov  from  old  Seneca  has  made  himself  a 
repula!  ion  as  an  able  and  <  a  p  able  politic  ian.  In  ever\  capucit  \  in  lite1 
in  whit  h  !',  =  •  has  been  tried,  he  has  been  found  e<]ua!  to  the  occasion. 
A  biographv  in  the  hist  or  \  of  Cuyahoga  county  says  of  Mr.  Armstrong: 
••  \Vi  i!  in  iiis  ntin  e.  he  is  out  nt  it.  a  nun  o!  dec  ;dcd  <  onvictions 

and    strong    will.    a!wa\s    ,\    potent    force  i          councils   ot     his    party 

and    i : i    '  '  '  i    he    l:\e--.  I  I  <  •     never    has    allowed 

lii>    -  • '  •      '         ugs    in   i  out  to  1  him  in  his    personal  and  social  re  • 

•  r  -  warm  iriends  in  ail  parti'1-.       His   career    is  one 

•  :    ,vi  t  h   s  ;  • ;  -j  1 1  • ;  \\\    b;    everv    resid  -ut    of    Seneca 


4 '5 


I  r.i,    su  :lu-  h>torv  •  •:    the  pre-,  .. 

to    r  i.  •  i  1  1  r  1  1    .1  \  e  i  \    s  ;  r  .  i  :  i  _  e  ;    .  i  •  :  :  ;  -    n 
th.it  alte,  ted  tiu-  ..1.!  U  !>ij;S  :n  *>'*!$  ' 
l)-.hnie:i'  iii   a  i,  'it  he:   iii-u  >j  i.ij-i  i    i  .t, 
I  he  i^rea'  i  j'u->t  ;<  MI  it!  -ia\  er\   d;\e 

\\  lll^     pari\.         I  he     1  'rlili  M  r.i!>     Urrr 

thrv  (  <  i'iM  set-  MO  c  on^t  i  ttitioM.il  \\  .i\. 
iiiLj  MH-M  in  the  \\'lii^    I'-irt\   h.i'l    lr- 
(('.K'-tioM.  aii'l  '  iru'.tm/f  |    the   "  I-  ree 
]oincd  th'.-in:    e\eii   M.irtin   \  an   I'.'iie 
detente    o|    ••l'i<irii!a    war."    "r;<>ltl    >; 
the   1  le!iioerai>  hail    ^Uilered    (oiiMtl-- 
<  aMiiiii.iti-  "!   tin-  '•  I-  ree   •>.  i.iei  ^    '  \»v 


There  \v  i-  i  i  in-:dera!)ie  o;  a  -'impede  ttonith'  I  >em.  "  i  at  ;;<  ;•!•;%  ;<> 
the  ••  l-ree  >.,•>[>  '•  -..•!)••  •  r  M  --:> 

<  'a--  and   I!';; ':-  r.  ! '.  •  •  .r.d.d  i'e-    •  •:    '  :.•     I  'en  MI  :-.-•  -.       lit: 
-'led  I)\    Mr.   \    in    ilureii   A  a-  '  i: e  -  it .-.;  c  • . .  .11    . .:    a  re\  ei._e    j_  i . ;i-t  <   a--. 
it  Tree  --oiled  \    i':    li'iiei;'-  '.line    a-   a    -'ate-nian  aii'i  patriot. 

A    \er\     re-  the    \\  !.._;-•«>!  i    i"-:n:\    .eam-d 

over  to  tree  -oili-m,  and  Mr.  \\harto-!  \\ith  hi-  A/,/ >:.:,!>:  -':pp"rted 
their  i  au-e.  Tin-  let!  the  old  regular-  wi:h<nit  a  paper,  ar.'i  the  t  ia\ 
\\  ii:^-  -aid  -oine  unplea-ant  tiling  to  Mi.  \\'harto;i.  ^.  mie  \\nlidre\\ 


Whar'on    hid    howled    lhe\an    Uuren    iiuiner.  a    pie--    and    I\pe.  i  a-e 
a;,d    printer-,    \\cre    !irou-!n    i..     I'Mnn     ind  the    '::-'    ---;e  ..;    :iie    V-.-  .  / 
II'.:.    -  a  \\    !  i  ,  e  !  .  _;  1  1  :    1  1  ;    d  a  \    o  n  '  i  .  e    j  •  i  '  i  ;    >  ''.  .  i  \    •  •'.    ^  e  ;  .  •  i  :.:':•••.    \     i  >  .    i  -  ;  ^  . 


410  HISTORY    OK    SK.NKCA    COUNTY. 

1869,  at  a  meeting  held  in  the  city  hall  of  Tiffin  in  conformity  with  the 
call  hereto  attached.  This  notice  was  published  only  eleven  short  years 
ayo.  and  alreadv  more  than  one  halt  of  the  signers  have  passed  over 
the  troubled  ocean  ot  lite:  but  their  names  should  be  preserved. 

A    PIOXFFR   ASSOCIATION     OLD    FOLKS.   ATTFNTION  : 

As  one  after  another  of   the  old  settlers  of   Seneca  county  are  leaving  us, 

afid  their  numher  is  continual!)  yrowiny  less,  we  express  but  a  general  wish 
when  we  call  on  \oii.  the  siir\i\ors.  whom  a  kind  Providence,  has.  in  his 
mere),  spared  up  to  this  time.  t«>  meet  with  us  at  the  next  anniversary  of 
Washington's  birthda).  February  ±.'.  IM>!».  at  in  o'clock  A.  M..  in  the  City 
Hall,  in  Titlin.  for  the  purpose  of  oryaiii/iny  a  Pioneer  Association. 

We  desire  to  preser\e  amoiiy  the  archives  of  the  association,  the  names  of 
the  old  settlers,  both  male  and  female,  and  incidents  of  frontier  life  in  this 
count).  Let  us  meet  and  oryani/e  in  the  morning,  adjourn  for  dinner,  and 
spend  the  afternoon  in  social  chat,  listening  to  speeches,  frontier  anecdotes, 
etc.  We  would  also  invite  as  man)  of  other  friends  as  can  make  it  con- 
venient to  be  with  us:  believing  that  to  see  the  old  ••  bushwhackers  "  to- 
gether would  afford  them  pleasure. 

Abel  Raw-on.  Francis   Rife.  .Jacob  Neikirk. 

Mrs.  Ann  K.  Sciiey.  Andrew  Albright.  .James  Patterson. 

(i..J.  Keen.  Phillip  Seewald.  W.  C.  Myers. 

.1.  A.  (iibsoii.  A.  Keuhler.  Thomas  Halt/ell. 

Meiijamin  Pittenyer.          .J*>hn  Dockweiler.  \\"m.  Lamhertson. 

Luther  A.  Hall.  .Jeremiah  Williams.  .James  Pence. 

Mrs.  .1.  A.  Pittenyer.          Henr\   Flihert.  •  Henry  VandejihuryJi. 

.1.  II.  Pittenyer.  Samuel  (iross.  Samuel  Kridler. 

C.  C.  Park.  Klder  Lewis  Seit/.  Mrs.  Fleanor  Hrish. 

W.  Il.t.ihson.  Henry  St.  .John.  Mrs.  Thomas  Lloyd. 

Dennis  I-'.  Cramer.  Levi  Davis.  Daniel  Dildine.  sen.. 

Andrew  lieryderfer.          Samuel  Ilerrin.  Thomas  Thompson. 

Mr.  Caroline  F.  .laeck.       I'.  P.  Coonrod.  Mrs.  S.  Penninyton. 

A  mos  N  i'-hols.  William  Toll.  .Joseph  P>ever. 

Mrs.  Margaret  Kroh.          K/ra  Derr.  .Jacoh   Price. 

II.  A.  Huskirk.  Mrs.  Sarah  IIuss.  \\'ildman  Loomis. 

(t.  L.  Keatinir.  I'riah  Kybert.  .lames  ( ioetchis. 

Richard    llaker.  S.  S.  Hunter.  Richard  .Jaqua. 

-John  Kaura.  -"I...  .lohn  Keller.  Spencer  St.  .John. 

Ivlcn  L>-a-e.  M.  Kirchner.  William  Lany. 

\\  .  C.  Hed'_rf-.  1!.  \\'.  Shawhan.  Peter  Lant/.. 

A.  Phillip-.  Mr-.  <i.  D.   Sha\\lian.         Phillip  Went/. 

II.  Kuhn.  .lohn  \\'.  l-lastman.  Samuel  Shade. 

Mi1-.  M.  ('amphcll.  Samuel  Ink.  Dr.  A.  F>enham. 

\\  .  II.  Keilliolt/.  Mr-.  Nanc)   Kline.  I-lra.-t  u>  .Junes. 

Phillip    Kitm.  .John  <  iuisbert. 

•ne.it  h .  Abraham  Rine. 


railed 
j>r.iy<T. 

reMr\  . 
follows 


tor  MM  i  IL;.U  \  .  \V:ii:  iin   I  ,.i::_  .    '•  n   ; 

Ri'mtl.ir  IIIIT',  M)_>  'A  i-!  i-  livM  t.-i  -• 
intiTi->t  ;n^ ;  i"i'  !r..ir.\  oi  i;;r  >,[,[  ^,  ••; 
lik-  111  SclU'i  .1  tll.l!  u  (Tf  !i.  Mil  |.ic.l->;; 
wcrr  liciil  -:n<c  ;!:f  lic.ilh  oi  I  )r  K  ;;!::) 


418  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

.\U»K\  Il7i<  n  ini'l  irtx-n-hiiin.  Timr  lomtfd  lter<: 

James  M.  Chamberlain  Auuust  J.;,  I-Siiti,  Coltiinbiaua  county,  Pa.  Seneca,  December.  l.S^i 

A.  P..  McCIelland  June  7.  ISIS  Center  counts  .  I'a.  Bloom,  November.    K!n 

Thoma-  K.  Fllis  August  v.  17'.'.").  Bin  lingtou  c, unity.  N.  J.  Clinton,  June,  l.sjs 

Fred.  Ki-hler  October  -.'.',  l,v..").  Mullen  county,  I'a.  Tillin.  April -JO.  1S:«I 

Mrs.  F.li/aheth  Kishler  March  L1.'..  IS..;,  Franklin   county.  I'a. 

Joseph  llerrin  July  •_'(>.  Isli).  Columbia  county .  I'a.  Clinton.  August,  l.s.'s 

Samntl   llerrin  August  '21.  IsU,     " 

John  Free  -uptember  1,  l-l'.t,  Berkley  county.  \'a.  Venice,  October  ~">,  lsj:> 

Mrs.  Kli/abeth    Klicrt  January  ..',  Isnj,  Bucks  county,   I'a.  Tilliu,  November  lo,  lliil 

Mrs.  Maria  .-hauhan  November  1"..  1-ln.  Frederick  co.,  Md.  Hopewell.  June'JS,  1SJI 

layman  White  No\  ember  I.  1st  |,  (  meida  county,  N.  Y.  I  teed,  spring  of  I£i8 

Dr.  Henry  Kuhu  oci.  j.s,  1S0-,  Frederick  co.,  Md.  (dead)  Tillin.  August,  1HJ8 

Upton  It.  Flenner  March  PJ,  1S|1.  Tiflin,  May,  lH:;r> 

Joseph  Richards  April  7,  17!iJ,  Fayette  couniy  I'a.  Clinton,  December  Hi,  l.Si^ 

Hours   Davidson  October  1s,  1.-I-,  Pickauay  county,  (t.  Seneca,  March,  18'iJ 

Jacob  M.  /.ah m  Njvi-mberH.  isus.  Palatinate,  Bavaria  Thompson,  Sept    -4,  18:iJ 

Hugh   \\'elsh  l-'cbruary  Is,  lsi.il.  Beaver  conn ty,  Pa.  Kdcn.  spring  of  1SM» 

Ml  foil  Sexton  June  I,  ISli,",  Tollard  coiitity,  Cjnn.  Huron  eo..  Sept.  Si  I,  IS'Jt 

Syl\c-ier  B.  ('lark  February  J.  l-'^1,  Monroe  couniy.  \'a.  Tillin,  Aumisl  1,  IS'!:) 

Mrs.  Catharine  !•".  ,-ouder  May 'JJ,  |s_::,,  JeilVrsou  eouiiiy,  \"a.  Ho]icwell,  full  of  18. in 

Nalh.  N.  spielman  March  _ .">.  l-l"i.  \Va-hiii'_'tou  couniy.  Md.  IMcasant.  April  -,'0,  is;i> 

April  'JI.  !•>!-,  1'airlie'i.l  coui.tv,  O.  Clinton,  I SJ I 

February  JI,  I-'U,  Freil    rick  eonnty.  Md.  (Union.  ls:;i 

lieuii  c.   Pin. -nuer  January -1.  is:;ii,  'I'itlin 

Alma   II.  I'ittellger  (  i.-iober  ::l,  1-1 1,  Sleiibi-n  coil  in  y,  N.  \  .  I'M  en. 

Mis.  Maruarei    Wai.- on  .1  une  :!  \  lsj:j.  Ceiiier  eounl  \  .  Pa.  Bloom,  Is  ;u 

Mr-.  l-:ii/al..-ih  |ior--e\  November  !'•,  17. .:i.    l-'aytte  county,  I'a.  Tillin.  is:,i; 

Mrs.  Hannah  llerin  I  leeemher  'J.  1-b'.,  Maryland  Clinton.  is:j:> 

Mrs.  \lar\   P.  l.'tng  July  In.  MS,  Columbia  county,  Pa.  Clinton.  <priii'-;  of  isj1. 

I  .on  N  See '.\  aid  -eptcmber  !•'.  ls:;i .  I'alatina'.e.  Bavaria  Tillin.  A  u. gust  IS.  |S.'t; 

Jaiue-  A.  Sohn  No\  ember  I'.'-,  Is  ;j.  Adams  county ,  !',•(.  Tiiliu.  April  'Jl.  is  il 

Kobeit  NiehoN  her ber  L',  ]sj7.  Berkley  iMe.ml\  .  Va.  Kden.  November,  IS  !( 

Arthur  Morrison  \ugusi  -,  M ;,  Jell'.-rxni   county,  o.  (  I  i  nton,  March  I'l.  1S_S. 

Mrs.  Jane  Dildine  November  ±',  isn.;.  ( 'olnmbia  CO.,  I'a.  c.intou,  Ma\   Hi,  ISJ!) 

James  .  .rillin  \pril  1",  I7:"i.   Berkley  comity.  \'a.  Ivlen,  fall  of  IS  ;| 

S.  A.  M\ir-  1  leeemb'T  I,  I -.'in,  l'en'\  couniy,  (  i.  Seneca,  September.    1S".:> 

He/.t'kiah  Seal  le-  December  I.  1-lu.  Fairti.-ld  count).1'. 

Mrs.  Kii/a  A.  Dearie-  Jnl\   II.  1-17.  Northampton  county,  I'a.  (  Union,  '.sj.'i 

P.  M  .  c.  Martin  -eptember  1-.  '.s  :J,  perry  county,  o.  Kden,  Ma\ ,  18:!t> 

Mr-.  Barbara  \lartin  l-'ebruar>   I1.1.  1S::|,  Seneca  county,  o. 

Jacob  Price  heeeml,,.,-  is.  I  7!  1C,,  K»ckingham  co,  \'a 

Mr.-.  Nan.  >    1'rjee  -eptember  1  I.  is.ii.  Nuri  :iam  jitoii  eo,  !' 

Henry  II.  Sdiock  November  •_',  is  HI,  York  co..  Pa.  -lead 

Mr-.  Miiivarei  --hock  DecHmbcr  1".  is  i|.  Fn-.leriek  co  ,  Md. 

Mr-.  Kli/abi  Mi  Ja'|iia  October  :',  JT'.'S,  Scneneetad\  co..  N.  V. 

John  Wa\  -e|  ii  em  ber  1   ,  1-1.;.  Pen  y  count  >  .  '  '. 

Mrs.  Sarah    \\  a\  \la  rdi  17.  Is;  ] .  I''raiiklin  counts  .  '  >. 

Jacob  Ho-sler  Januarys    ISMI,   \dam- county.  Pa 

Mrs.    \nn    Ho-»l.  :  linn-    :•    1-1  I.  Stark  coiinls  ,  '  >. 

Mrs.  I-:.  I.   Wat-on  March '.i,  ISM,  NVa-hitiu'ton  count ..  n.  Kden,  'St:, 

Mrs.  l-'.sa   Kir-bne;  -eptember,  is  P_',   Franklin  count  v  .  I'a.  Kden.  1SJ7 

Henr\   •  March  is.  1-,J,  linden.  '..  rm;<ns  F.den.  lS!i 

Thoma-  \\.--i  -epti;m>.er  I   ,:->;     Brou  n  .  ounty,  N.  'i  .  p,| i,i-jj 

Nanc>   l.\e,i  \|,,:    i.-,,],.  .  s  „  ,  ,  ,.,,,,  ,  ....imty.  Pa. 

Leo.  Mel.a'i  r  1  ,,  iT'.'s.   luiiiala  e  eiiiiy,  I'a.  -eiieca  r..,.  -ept.  •_"    isj,. 

Jo-eph  Mine;  March  -J'.,  Is  17.  i      •:,  i.-r  and  ,-c...   Pa.  St-ncca  i-o..  Sejil.    is.    IS.JJ. 

Archib-iM  -  ;.  r/.;.  i.yc  miing  couniy,  Pa.  Sdpio,  1M... 

William   Da  .  i-  Ian     a  :  y  i  -,   i  -I'.i.  I'.-;  •;••    couniv    (>.  -e'.ieca  co      Nov.    IJ    ISJ'j 


1 1  \v.i-  I  :;  'ir>  I  i\    r\  .•:»;'!_  .    \   . 

(  'term, in  •  i!  I/-MI-.  u;  'l';:;ii:  n:- 

strrrt,  in  I'iiMM.  .i-.i'l    <  '!.:  iiii 

( 'hr:>;;,i!i  l\  \u\>  >}.\.  .i'i  <  •'.•''.  *  '•  ci  :M.I 

Fir^t    Irip  H->     <  'liri^t  i.in    Mii'-ll'-i 

I  .4111  i-«  /i  IllllH-l  .   .|i  ill  II    I  ,;ill  \. 

FiiM    IM--     l...iii-,    Miil.-r.    Chri> 
Mrrkt'lbarli. 

Srroli.I      ti-||.tr       \\'!!ll«-illl      IJ.-lXr'-l- 

Strirkcr.  ('ail  Sia'll  niilliT. 

Second   li;i-.-s       I'll.    Flllii'll.    I-'l'itlli-i- 


Mi.h.fl    Mill. -i.     rtn-1-.liaii     M'-^.-hn^l. 
an    srliin-;i|fi  .     .lnlin     K'-n  <  tui'-i  .    .Inhn 
I-'.     \\  .    I'.nui-i.    Will     "-••••u  aM.  Sim. in 
Kif^.   Ailam    1 1  nth.  .lorph   Va.-^'i-i. 


>n>t  it  'i;  :<  MI    wlihh    u~.i>    .11  l 


4JO  HISTORY     01      sl.NKCA    OK'NTY. 

The  society  lost  one  member  on  the  battlefield  ol  (iettysburg  when 
Jacob  Bise  tell. 

The  first  saengcrfcst  alter  the  war,  met  in  Columbus.  ()hio.  in  1X65, 
the  next  in  I.oui>vil!e.  k'entm  ky  in  iSdC).  It  met  in  Indianapolis  in 
i .So 7  and  in  Chicago  in  1808.  In  the  l\\o  last  mentioned  the  Bruder- 
bund  participated  by  delegates  only.  At  Chicago  a  resolution  \vas 
adopted  to  have  bi-annual  festivals.  The  first  saengerfest  thereafter 
met  in  Cincinnati  in  1X70.  when  the  whole  Bruderbnnd  participated. 
They  were  with  the  North  \\  extern  at  St.  I.ouis  in  1X7.'  and  at  Cleve- 
land in  i  870. 

The  Bruderbund  then  attached  itself  to  the  Ohio  district  and  sang  at 
its  lesmal  in  (."olumbus  in  1X78.  In  1X7^  an  invitation  to  meet  with 
the  Peninsular  Singing  Association  at  Toledo  was  accepted. 

The  neM  < '  >hio  saengerfest  will  meet  at  Akron,  which  the  Bruderbund 
will  support. 

Mr.  kimoid  served  as  director  up  to  I'^S-  ^'he.n  Charley  Boos  was 
elected  lo  succeed  him  and  .served  until  18^7.  when  (leorge  Sj)ies  was 
ele<  ted.  and  \\ho  wa-,  ai^ain  succeeded  bv  Mr.  Boos,  and  tor  the  last  ten 
years  Mr.  Spies  has  been  the  director. 

(  >\  the  ;irsi  members  only  three  survive,  the  two  Ber^er.i  and  Mr. 
Merkeibach.  fourteen  honorarv  member^  have  also  died.  Since  its 
lir-t  or^ani/.ation  the  societv  has  sun:;  at  over  one  hundred  lunerals 
and  church  and  other  dedications.  |)urin^  the  prevalence  ol  the 
cliolera  in  1  ill!1.),  when  manv  tamilies  had  nio\'ed  awav  from  town  and 
things  looked  gloomy,  the  Bnnlerbumi  mel  two  or  three  times  a  week 
at  the  court  house  \  ard  in  the  evening  and  enlivened  the  stillness  ot 
the  night  with  many  a  beautiful  refrain  Irom  their  choicest  pieces. 
'1  hey  have  in  iw  sixtv  honorarv  members.  The  present  orgam/ation  is  as 
lollow.s.  vi/ : 

Din-cttir    dcurgf  S|iics. 

I'n-siilcnl     ( icui'LCi-  A  .    LanttTiiiili-h. 

Sccr<-iar\      I''ITI|.  \\'.  Bcr^i-r. 

'i'ri-iiMirt-r     \\'illi;uii  Berber. 

l-'ii'st  tcinii  s  \\'i!!i,iin  I  Icrnld.  ( ,fnrL.rc  A.  I.aiitfnnilcli.  ( 'harlt-s  \\'rinicli, 
i  ifnr^v  Laiilcrniili-li. 

Sfciuiil  tenors  \\'illi;iin  l'.cr'.;<  i1.  !•'.  \\'.  Bcr^i-r.  IMIIip  (iniiniucl.  Nidiulas 
llui-iliiiir. 

l-'n-t  ha>s    .I.iini  Mcrkclliadi.  .Ju>.  Miller.  Mart  in  Albrt-dit.  Frit/ KcktTt. 

>  i- i  u,is-     i  'I,,  i'l'i-i  ili-r.  .|nl in  1  )nt  t .  ( riMirgc  I  Im nan 


1111.    i'l  I  I  !  i  I  \  :•:  '.p  '\  |i .'     >,  H  I  I-.  IV. 

(  )n  i';<    i:\-cningol    theinth    of   Mav.   1X70.  there    met  at  the  house  ol 
Mr.    Heiirv   lii'oss.   on    Samhiskv  street,    a   lew    voiinu'   nu.-n    and    vouiig 


}_' 


meeting  \v.  i->  «  allcil  to  onlc-.  M:  i  H.  \l.il.-;  prr-olc-l  .  Ms,  l-Min.e 
!•  <>nl  w.is  .ij>])<  unleil  sci  i  e;  .u  \  \  <  .  iinm  ::!••;•  \\  .is  .IJ.JM  .;n:r-il  ;.  i  ;  .p-t'.irc 
,i  suitable  iiiMstitntii.il  i:nl  rcpor:  .1:  ihr  MIX:  meeting  I'l-ntrs..,^  |. 
M.  U.irh.  i.l  S.uul'i>k\.  M:-.  \I.ir\  I.!.  c  .1,  .-.!•,  I  )r  \V;!Lir.i. 

Mr-.    U.  u  -!)c>  .lib!    Mi--,    Jennie   l-'»r>!  \\eie    .i].ji.  •:i:ti-.  i  S:K  h  ,  ,  niunittcc. 

A!  the  .uii'i'irnei  1  meeting  "l  \l.i\  .'  -  .  Is;'1-  the  <  <>rn:u.t:cc  rc|M.:-i,-il 
.iml  .i  <  <  >n-t  ;tuii'  >n  u  i-  .nl"|i:eil.  I  mi;--  I  Irn  h  S\.IN  ••!.•,  •(-,!  presuK-iit  , 
Mi  l.nhr.  \  :•  i-  prevalent:  (  '.  11.  M:l!ei.  -r«  n-t.ir\  ,  !l.irr\  l!'i^k:rk. 
tre.i-utei.  M:>-  ('nr.i  I'M^li.  h!u  MM.UI  .  I'r.  •If-.-M.r  I  \!  l!nh.  iniisii.il 
ilirei  t»r.  \MMII_;  the  .1.  nvr  nienilier>  u  ere  1  I  !r  ;(  !>,  |-  1  .i".i  :  -  \\  ,i_;ncr  . 
M.ilh.  I'.i'iHne  .in.l  Kilu-ll.i  W.i^n.-r.  I'eter  l'!'e:it"er  H.ir:\  (ir..->s. 
Rol.er!  I  :-her,  limner  I'.r:,  ker.  M.irv  1  :>  -rt.  I  >r.  \\  :li  ir.l  .in,!  Mi.  h.iei 
Si  .innel. 

I  lie     !ir-'     ji'il)!;t      ].le-e!li  Itiull      •  >l      'he     sni   :e!\    \\.i-  ,-•;      \\     -ji,- 

\.rt;un.il    Hill,    wliii  h    w.i-    I'M!'!,  .\s  c>!    '.\    !ii,i:i\   ..-!!,•:  I!;,- 

,  1  1  ,  e  1M   !  !  .  •    -   1  1  i  e  I  \    |  •  r  e  s  e  !  :  !  e  1  1   \v  l  >  '  '     I  :  :  .     I  I   i  '.  :  :  i  i  k  •  :~  -•  .  "   i  >  ;     i      .  .  i  •  .     •  '•  ;  •  •   j  ;  .  •  \  ; 

w.i-,  ••   i  ne  r.'.hemi.m  (  ,;rl."    !.\    I1,  i'.!  n  "  M  nil;  t. 

'•  I  .;!\    »['  K  i!!arne\  ."  1>\    lleneiin  k- 

I  '  !  i  •  -.  o  i  :  ,  '  ;  s   '  i  i  \  e    n  '  i  \s    •  i  •  i  <  !  e  r    ;\  •  :  ;     i  ;  -  i  ••('']  \   ,          .    |  -,     ' 

!i\    i'i.iu  pi  .  •:  'e.  whii  h  :he\    ::i''  :i  !:••;•.   "!•;.  e 

riic  I'h'ili.iMii-'n;. 
•he;r    |.r.Hln.  :•,.!]-,    _.\e    er,,n_    ,-\  :-!•  ;i,  e    .•!    ;!:    .;    !-,  J.  •    ,     ,:      :,    .,; 

h.i-,e    in.  ui,       ;:!.!,•!-    -•    .ii-Mu'i   .;.  .Kve,  :,,|  .;:  ••        I    .     :v     ...   .,i-:, 

uit  1  r»-:l  !'.'!!)(•  ill    :n    c\ei  nr  ;•  'ii.        1'iHr     li.i-     •••.  .  :  \    ;  ,-.i  -  .-;  ;.t-  ;     ,,•;,;,,! 

the   I'hiih  iMn  inn  .       I'll     -•"  :."\    >\  •• 

I'lle   ,   f,.',v,le.i    Ih.llse-,   lli.i!    ,l'!e:i'i     ill     :!>< 


422  HISTORY     OK     SKN'K.CA     COUNTY. 

about  two  ami  one-half  miles  south  of  Tiffin.  The  land  \vas  bought  in 
18^5,  and  in  iS^o  the  first  buildings  were  erected.  N.  \.  Speilman 
had  the  contract  for  the  brick  work,  and  Myers  and  Toner  the  carpen- 
ter and  joiner  work.  The  work  was  let  in  conformity  with  a  notice  the 
county  (  ommissioners  caused  to  be  published  in  the  '/7///;/  Triln/nc  and 
Seneca  .-/,/r''77/.\vv,  on  the  ,}oth  ot  January,  i.S;(>.  David  IJurns,  Isaac 
Stillwell  and  James  Hoyd  were  the  commissioners.  The  work  was 
accepted  September  19,  1^5 ft.  and  orders  were  drawn  tor  the  payment 
ot  the  same.  The  first  directors  of  the  Intinnarv  were  Andrew  Kugen- 
l>eel.  [ohn  Kerr  and  Daniel  Drown,  who  appointed  Harrison  Mc('lel 
land  the  first  superintendent  ot"  the  Infirmary  and  farm  Many  changes 
have  been  made  on  the  farm  since,  and  the  (arm.  as  well  as  the  build- 
ings, is  in  good  order  under  the  present  superintendent,  Mr.  Daniel 
(i.  Heck,  who  has  had  charge  ot  the  same  six  years.  The  institution 
has  some  fifty  inmates  at  this  time. 

The    present  board    of  directors    consists   ot    Ceorge  Haebler.  Lewis 
Spitter  and  Joseph  I'..  Magers. 

The  property  is  worth,   at  least,  875.000. 


The  subject  of  this  sketch  is  certainly  one  of  the  most  remarkable 
women  that  ever  lived  in  Tiffin,  or  elsewhere. 

She  was  born  in  . \tterclilt,  Kngland,  and  when  sixteen  vears  of  age 
was  married.  Her  health  failing,  her  physician  recommended  a  sea 
voyage  as  the  only  remedy  to  restore  her  health.  Her  husband,  who 
was  a  civil  engineer,  succeeded  in  finding  employment  in  the  Kast 
India  ('ompany.  The  young  couple  sailed  tor  ('alcutta,  where,  after 
a  voyage  of  six  months  and  seventeen  days,  they  arrived,  having  land- 
ed but  once  during  that  time.  Shortly  after  their  arrival,  the  young 
husband  died  of  cholera,  that  dreaded  monster  ot  the  Mast  in  those 
days,  and  the  young  widow  was  left  alone1  in  a  strange  land  among 
strangers. 

Sin-  became  acquainted  some  time  alter,  with  Dr.  William  I,.  Craw- 
lord,  a  young  physician  in  ('alcutta.  belonging  to  the  liritish  army, 
and  became  hi-,  \\ife.  They  lived  at  various  places  in  the  Mast  Indies 
-.nine  fourteen  years,  when  they  moved  to  the  ('ape  ot  (I nod  Hope, 
where  they  resided  -.nine  two  years.  ljrom  there  they  moved  to  the 
island  of  St  Helena,  while  the  great  Napoleon  was  a  prisoner  there, 
and  then  moved  back  to  Kngland.  1-rom  there  they  emigrated  to 
Canada,  where  Dr.  Crawford  died  in  1*45. 

Mrs.  Crawford    wa->    the    mother  ot    eleven    children,  ei^ht    boys    and 


MK>.    li  \KK!K  I     <   K  \\t  t  i  >Kl>. 

three    _;irls.  who    were   bom    on    to>:r   i  on'.ments   ot    the  ^l 
Asia,  some  in  At'rii  a,  sonic  in   l/iro^e  .tin!  some  in  Anirnr 

In    iS^  •  ^!u-  i  .inic  in    1'itlin  Mom  (  '.in.i'l  i  w.ih    ;h  •    :  mi:!\ 
the    j,rc-cni     1  )r.    ("r.iulonl.    oi     1'niin.  \\:!h    i\h.>ni  ^lic    i •.•.«• 
her  tl;i\  ^.  ->] n-iii li ni;    the    evening    ot    her  !oii_'    .ci  i    •     ;-;i;!:ii 
.tin  I   i -oni  tort.  ,i!i'  I  e')|   >\  ;ii^    'in-  !  e>;>  ••  '     n   !   •.      >  -|   i'. .  •  IM   oi 
her. 

i  ler  i  le.i!  h    o;  i  iirrci  i    on    ( ii  •    i  j  th  •  l.i\    o:    >!-ji:(':n!r.-r.    i  •>; 
Lies!  ion  o!   the   |III)L:>. 

She  re:u  h.ei!  :lu-  In^li  ,i'je    oi    ei^!i!\    nin-e  \'>'.ir>  .un!    th:r: 
w,e>  the  nicitliei'  ill    \si,itie>.    \irii  .uis.   I  .urn]  i-'.nis  .niii   Anier 


CHAPTER   XXV. 

THE  TOLEDO   WAR. 

A  FT KK.  the  terrible  scourge  of  Asiatic  cholera  in  1X34,  the  next 
subject  that  aroused  public  attention  in  Seneca  counts',  \vas  the 
question  ot  the  northern  boundary  ol  Ohio,  which  became  very  serious 
in  all  its  aspects,  and  threatened  to  lead  to  bloodshed  between  the  bor- 
derers of  Ohio  and  the  territory  ot'  Michigan.  The  subject  is  nearly 
los,t  si^ht  ot,  and  would  not  be  mentioned  here  because  the  question  in 
itself  had  no  effect  upon  Seneca  countv  directly,  but  when  soldiers  were 
called  out  to  protect  the  citi/eiiM  of  (  )hio  alon^  the  disputed  border,  it 
wa>  found  that  the  disputed  line  was  in  the  i;th  division,  in  which 
M  ajor  (  icncrai  |ohn  Hell,  ot  Lower  Sandusky.  was  the  commanding 
general,  and  Seneca  county  was  in  one  ot  the  brigades  in  that  division, 
and  under  obligations  to  turnish  her  quota  ot  the  troops  called  out  by 
(iovernor  Lucas.  It  theretore  became  a  matter  ot  interest  to  Seneca 
county  after  all.  and  especially  when  about  ^oo  men.  "  armed  and 
equipped  as  the  law  directs."  left  Tiffin  with  their  bai^a^e  and  tents  in 
wagons,  and  provisions  lor  an  indefinite  time.  (  'olonel  I  lenrv  (.',  I'.rish 
led  these  <  iti/cii  soldiers  as  their  commander,  to  report  to  ( ieneral  I  Sell. 
|ohn  W.  Patterson  was  captain  ot  one  company,  and  lolin  Walker  was 
quartermaster.  1  remember  also  that  John  Adelsberger  refused  to  come 
to  time,  and  lie  was  arrested  and  put  under  ;_ruard.  but  they  took  him 
aloim.  Some  of  the  otticei's  were  only  but  partlv  unil'ormed:  the  rest 
marched  into  line  in  citi/.ens  <  lothes. 

1  1  en  r\   I  iro.s.-.  wa  -  "  lite  major."  and  here  is  a  cop\    ot'  his  com  mi  si  on : 

I  !\  t  lie  I-DI  i  i'n  Iciii-i'  I  ivpdM'  in  \iiii.  I  Ion  \  ( ii'oss.  I  a  1 1]  M  lint  >  mi  life  ma  j  on  if 
t  In-  :ii!  i  I'-iiiii-m    ]  si  Uitallinii.  171  li  di\  isimi  of  tin-  ( )hio  militia. 

TII  i  IN.  J-Jti  April.  A,  D..  I >::•"). 

I  'i-i'st  inall  \    .-ijipcai't-i!    lictorc    me    ihr  alio\c   named    II.   (truss,    taken    the 
in-i-cssjii  \  natli  nl  tin-  almvc  nllicr.  .1  A  M  I-!S    l!(  )  V  I  >. 

<  I'lmicl  :',i|  i  i"_;iiiicnt .    1st  hatallii»n.  17lh  ili\isimi. 

'I'M-  TIN*.  JJd  April.  K',.K 

i  lenrv  was  a  ^  iod    tiler,     iml    >o    was    |acob  M .  Mbert  i  Hro.  ICbert  j    a 
\e'\   i;ood  drummer  on  the  Case  drum,  and    he    was  likewise  appointed 


drum  ma|i>i".  1  he  atm\  i'-it  iiiir  ! 
nature  IK  i  'inn!  ev  ej>t  one  n:_;h!  t! 
•deep  MI  the  \\o.nU  and  drawn  'iji  :ti 
!<»(•  ••  with  Muodv  h.ui-U  t.p  h.pNii;:.i!)'.i 


m.iMil    !n   In.1   ^:\cn        I'lic    nri-n     \sa>   ordered    :n    iron 
in. in  h  .it  the  ->;_;!ia!.       NOW  the  i:i":ni  111.1101'-  m<-m<>:\ 
w.ir  lieiame  very  \  it.iliv    rcirr->licil,  .in.j  )M-  in-:>tfil  i'i.i 
the-  jni-Hii»ii  •>!  thr  mu-ii    w.i-^  .11  ill!-  rr.i:.      <  icncr.i!    Mr 
and  while  the  dr'ini  Mi.ti»r  h.id  •MHIU-  \s.i^^  ii.'in  th<-  ia: 
^idi-,  thr  <  ifiu-ra!  and  tin-  stall    nttit  i-r-    \\air.rdtlu     n 
thi-y  had  it  Miitil  \\\c  r:<n_;  -'in  lit  up  tin-  wund^  and     |. 
wa>  ii'i  I'iKMiiy  ;n  ->i_;ht.       It   >\a>  a  laUc  alatin. 

Another  1'idii  r«ni->  iin  ideni  i>  '»!d  »:  a  r-'Miark  iMr  •  :. 
\v'n.  >  ilir.iiiiiu-ii  T,  i  IT>  nuts,  man  !i;n_;  'i\<  and  d"'.\ :,  -:  i  •  • 
\va-  :n   ^'-  -  •.   m.       He  \\  a-  a   i  Tin  a:  Kali- \     till    t;:  IM.    .iiid 
\\iiit.1  ir!:   :.  it .  \\  it !'.  a  r.arn  >w  lirini.    !i':;i   !>\    ' 
bi-i  '  I'm1  -'  iltencd    am  i    the    <  i  -  >\v  11    :  »M!_' ••  i 
sliirv    and  .in  attii  .        \n  nrd:!i  ir\   'e;i»r  dr'iifi  '«\    I 
In  i\  '-.  ilr'im.       I  i  '•  ha- !   a     '  r:;>  •  •;    J.,i(-i       A  ,:!:  '  '.•     ;\    •:    ;    . 
the    u  a  r .       tied     .  i  r  >  >  i ; : : '  i    1 . .  - 
Am'-.h.-r  man  .  .in   '  d  a  :! 


426  HISTORY    <)!••     Sl.NKCA    C'DTNTY*. 

be    continued    until    ordered    stopped    by    Colonel    \";in     Meet    or    his 
Excellency. 

This  was  (DO  much  tor  the  ludge.  and  he  roared  out  in  stentorian 
tones:  "  Mr.  Sheritf,  take  Captain  Scott  and  his  music  organ  to  jail, 
and  lock  them  up.  Mr.  Prosecuting  Attornev.  draw  up  an  information 
against  these  men  tor  contempt  o!  court,  and  have  the  case  ready  tor 
hearing  to-morrow  morning." 

|onas  Pratt,  the  sheriff,  started  with  the  men  to  execute  the  order. 
Scott  and  Odie  followed  willingly  until  they  came  to  the  corner  of  the 
building  where  a  path  led  to  the  log  jail,  on  t-he  rear  of  the  lot.  Here 
Scott  ami  <  >dle  square.il  themselves  before  the  .sheriff  and  refused  to  go 
further  Scott  told  the  sherilt  that  in  the  emergency  ot  war  the  military 
was  above  the  civil  power,  and  that  it  judge  Higgins  would  undertake 
to  press  this  thing  any  further,  he  would  declare  martial  law.  and  do 
with  ludge  Higgins  as  Oeneral  Jackson  did  with  ludge  Hall  at  New 
(  Irleans,  and  have  them  both  arrested. 

••That  is  right:  that  is  right,  Captain."  said  Odie.  at  the  same  time 
doubling  up  his  two  hands  to  about  the  si/e  ot  elephant's  leet.  "That's 
the  wav  to  I  ilk  15'illy  tor  you,  Cap.:  stand  off.  Sheriff."  The  crowd 
ot  bystanders  were  on  the  side  ot  war.  and  the  sherilt  was  strongly  im 
pressed  with  the  idea  that  ludge  Higgins'  orders  could  not  be  executed 
just  then.  He  retreated  up  stairs  to  the  court  room  and  reported 
accordingly. 

The  ludge  never  said  a  word  in  reply,  and  continued  in  the  trial  of 
the  case  on  hand  as  if  nothing  had  happened.  Odie  slung  the  drum 
strap  over  his  neck  and  continued  his  march  as  before,  hitting  his 
drum  with  great  torce  on  both  ends.  Alter  some  little  time  tin-  ludge 
directed  the  sherifl  to  find  ('aptain  Scott  and  ask  him  to  be  so  good  as 
to  take  his  music  to  some  back  street,  where  it  would  not  disturb  the 
court  so  much. 

The  trouble  ot"  this  nortlvrn  bound, irv  of  Ohio  originated  with  the 
admission  ot  Ohio  into  the  I'nion.  and  was  caused  by  an  error  in  the 
map  that  placed,  the  southern  bend  ot  I,ake  Michigan  too  far  south.  It 
vexed  the  convention  that  lonned  the  ('(institution,  and  Congress  in 
admitting  <  Mii<>  into  the  I  num.  As  early  as  the  adoption  ofthe  ordin 
ancc  ot  |  id  v  i  ; !  li .  i  7X7,  providing  tor  a  government  of  the  northwestern 
territory,  a  provision  is  made  tor  the  northern  boundary  ot  states  that 
should  thereatter  be  tunned,  IVIIIL;  south,  ot  a  line  draun  due  east  and 
.vest  from  and  through  the  southern  bend  ot  Lake  Michigan,  which  east 
and  A  'st  line  should  also  be  the  southern  boundary'  ot  two  slates  lying 
north  ol  that  line.  so  that  this  east  and  west  Hue  tinallv  lonncd  the 


till      I  cil  M"  >    \\  AK.  J.'7 

north  line  ui  <  >hio,  Imii.ui.i  .UK!  Illinois,  ami  thr  south  line  •  .:  Ma  h:r-  in 
and  Wist  i  >n>,in 

(  );i  tlu-  ;  ;h  oi  \|,ni.  i  .V  -'.  uheii  (  "!>JM  -  j..i--<-.;  an  a,  :  a':'h-  .r;/:n> 
lii'-  people  .1!  tin-  trrritorv  "i  <  »!;-.o  !>•(  ii.'m  .1  -ta'.e  (  •  'ti-'  .:•:'.••:..  :he\ 
<icsi  ri!n-ii  the  iii  >rt  ln-rn  lio'ainja:  \  .1  •  :•  »ii  .  A  . 

(  >n  I  hi-  in  ill  h  |i\  .ill  east  .Hi' I  \s  est  !;  IP  ill  .i\\  n  t  lii't  iii^h  t  In-  >•  >nt  hi'I  Ii  i-\l  n-IIH1 
•  •I  Lake  MiehiiMii.  l  imninir  «-aM  ald-i  iiit-i  >••'•!  inu  tli>-  <lm-  n«>i  I  li  line  1 1  "in 
Ihc  ni.iiilh  nt'  the  ( i  real  Mi.iiin.  until  ii  --hall  intei^e,  '  l..ikr  I1!:  i>-.  "i  tin-  NT- 

I  iN'I'ial   !  inc.  ami   t  lichee  t  h  l'i  'll'_'h    I  ..ik  i-     I  a  ie    I"    Ihc    1  V]i  n  s\  i  \  ,i n  ia   1 1  lie  ;     I'l  ii 

s  hi,  ,1  lh.it  l'nln,'M--i>  sli.ii!  In-  .it  Illicit)  .  at  an\  !  inn-  IP -it-alli  r.  cilln  !  I.  •  at  I.U'li 
ali  tin-  If  I  I  it'i!  >  l>  iir_r  ca-M  i  >t  1  In-  lini-  In  In  i|;  avs  n  '1m  n>ii  tl:  1 1  nin  i  In-  nnnit  Ii 
<>t  tin-  Miami  aim  i-^ai'l.  1"  !ln-  li-intmial  line,  ainl  iimlli  ••!  an  i-a-i  anil  \M-^I 
lini'  ilra\s  n  !  hi '  'iiirh  1  In-  -^mit  ln-i  U  r\t  i  cini-  i  >\  1  .al-.r  M  !<-ln-_ran  .  i  unn  i  IIL:  i-a-i . 
a»  at'i>n-s;iiil.  to  l.akr  l-irif.  t<«  the  al'iToaiil  -late.  »\  .  II-IM^I  ,,]  M  ntln-i  \s  I-M- 
in  eoiil'm  mil  \  n>  tin-  lil'tli  artielr  ••!  euin|i;n-t  In-t  \\  ei-n  tin-  niiL'Mial  -tati-«.  ami 

I 1  ic  pciijilc  a  in  I  -talc-,  to  In-  iitnncil  in  tin-  ti-ivit'  >\  \   nm  l  h  nl'  tin-  n\  n  <  >hm. 

\\  hen  tin-  i  '  >n\  ent  M  MI  at    (   h;l!i,  ot  lie.    ,MI    the   J'/th  ii.t\    i>'    N  >  >\  enihrr. 
l  >c;  j.   aticpti  ii   the     t'ir-t     (  i  Hist  i  tilt  u  Ml     l'i  if   <  Ih'n.    the\    -.l\  e   ! !  i  --tale    the 
northern  1>,  mmlary .  a-  rontaine,!  in  ;he    i-n.iliini^    .n  t   with  ti:;-  |.rn\.-i>: 
I'l  n\  iilcil  al\\a\^.   an, I    it    U    lu-i,-li\     lullv    uihli-i  ->N"  nl  ainl  ,  lei  l.i  i  <•<  I    |i\    lhj> 

ei'II\  clll  jiili.    that    i!    the   >ulltlicll\    liclid     ui    c\t!Vlnr   nt     I.. ike     Mli   lil_',Hi     -hulllil 

cxlcml  MI  tar  -mi-ii  that  a  line    <lra\\n    ilm-   ea~t    1'inm  ii  ^ln'iii'l  nut    intt-i^eet 

Lake  Hi  ic.  nj-  it' it  >lii'iil>l  intersect    the    Lake    |;,ie,-.t^;    i-ttiie  uli  i-l    the 

M  iaini  ri\  el  ul'  the  lake,  i  hen  ami  in  that  ea^-.  \\  it  li  the  a-»i  nt  nl  ennui'  --  i't" 
ihe  I'nitcil  Mates,  the  imithcin  ImmiilaiA  nt'  \\\\~~  slate  -I,:,]]  |,r  cst;il.|i«.h».|| 

li\    a  I  lii   ex  1 1 -||i  I    In  ,1  1 1  i  ]  eel    line   III  nnilrj    1  I  nil  I   I  he  s,  HI;  |:i  •]  n   ex!  1  i  III  l!  '.    n|     Lake 

M  I'-hixMii  In  i  he  i  IP  ist  nm  1  he  i  1\  e,t|.e  1 1]  I  he  Miami  li;i>  .  at  lei  inte!  si  ,  i  M:U'  t  he 

i  I  lie    lii  ill  ll    lllie   t  I  i  ill  I    I  lie    III,  'lit  1 1    nl      the    I  i  I  eat      M  1 .1  III  1    I  I  \  i   I    a  1 1  ' !  •  -s;i ! ,  |  ;     !  hi   Hi  e 

imrt  1 1  east  |n  i  In-  len  il'M  i.il  line,  ami  l>\  t  he  ^<i\<\  ten  itm  ial    line  In  tin-    |'i  nn 
•-\l\ania    line. 

1'he   re. hier  must   l>e   ji.itien;    ,n  [,)II'K;IIU   over  the    rei.it.iin  .  •;   ti..          -ii,l 
"ilelil    miles."  tin    he  svill  not   'iniierstaiul  th;s    l)iitiml.u\    'j'ic-!;ii 
out  t  i  i  e  n  i . 

When  ,  undress,  mi  the    n/lh    ,•!    1  c!>iua!\  .   i  S     ;.  .I.'.MI;;  •.  ,  i  <  >': 
the  I    n;.  m.  in  ttliiiiL1.  was  -,.1:1 1  a  1  unit  tin-  n,  >! !  hern  In  '". r,,  i  ir\        i  >n  • 
1 1 )    | .  1 1 1 1 1  a  r  \  .  i  ->    ^  .  ,  ' '  1 1  j  i  e  s  -,  i  -  r  e  a  t  e  ( 1  the  l ,- 1  i  ; ; .  i  r  \  i  > !  \  1 ;  i  ! ; ;  _•  a  i . .    i  • .  • :  < 
lie  i    1  n  MM  11 !  i :   i's    is  'i  illi  >u 

\  11  that  |  MI  1  n|    I  !nli  iii  i.i   1 1  :  i  :i,n  \    \\  In, -|  i    ln-s    i...i  t  h    .  .|    .1    ; ::  •     . 
hi. m  tin-  -mil  Iii  -i  !•.   lieiiil  nl    Lake  M  n  h:-_'.in.  .irnl  nnti!  ::    -i..i" 
Li  ie  ami  i  as!  i  .|  ;i  1 1  in-  il  i  a\v  n  1 1 1  'In    -ai'  I     -,  'ii!  1  ,ei  i  \    !'•!.. 
,,|  sail  I  lake  (.,  ;;->  i:,,i  ih,-i  n  i-xlii  mils  .  ami  the  in  ,   ,  ji:,    ;,.- 
,  xtieiMits  .-I  l!n-  I    n:ti-'l  -Kit.-. 


428  HISTORY    01     SKNKCA    COfNTY. 

Michigan  then  also  extended  her  laws  to  this,  its  southern  boundary 
line. 

The  whole  question,  therefore,  was  to  ascertain  the  exact  line  drawn 
east  through  the  southern  bend  ot  Lake  Michigan.  To  accomplish  this 
the  geographical  line  in  in/rth  latitude,  minutes  and  seconds,  had  to  be 
established  with  positive  certainty. 

The  line  the  authorities  were  then  talking  about  was  designated  on 
the  maps  as  the  "  Fulton  line."  which  intersects  Lake  Frie  east  of  the 
mouth  of  the  Muumee  river,  and  meets  the  proviso  ot  the  Ohio  consti- 
tution 

It  was  then  ascertained  that  this  east  ami  west  line  would  not  inter- 
sect the  territorial  line  between  the  I'nited  States  and  Canada,  but  cut 
across  the  counties  ot  Cuyahoga,  (ieauga  and  . \shtabula.  The  line, 
therefore,  given  by  congress  to  Ohio,  was  an  impossible  line,  owing  to 
a  want  ot  knowledge  ot  the  geographical  position  of  Lake  Michigan  at 
the  time  congress  passed  the  enabling  act. 

When  the  authorities  of  Ohio  ascertained  the  uncertainty  of  the 
northern  boundary,  they  applied  to  congress  tor  a  survey  of  'the  line  in 
conformitv  with  the  proviso  in  the  constitution  of  Ohio. 

In  i  X  i  2  congress  passed  a  resolution  directing  the  commissioner  of 
the  general  land  office,  to  cause  it  to  be  surveyed,  but  the  war  with 
(ireat  Britain  and  their  northwestern  savage  allies,  prevented  it,  and 
the  line  was  not  run  until  the  year  1817.  when  one  William  Harris, 
under  direction  from  the  general  land  office,  ran  the  line,  and  it  was 
afterwards  known  as  the  "  Harris  line.'' 

This  survey  was  reported  from  the  general  land  office  to  the  executive 
of  (  >hio.  and  ratified  by  the  general  assembly  of  (  )hio  January  jgth.  i  S  i,S. 

Application^  were  then  made  by  Ohio  to  congress  to  ratify  the  Harris 
line  as  the  northern  boundary  of  Ohio  very  frequently,  but  without 
success,  until  the  events  of  iS^;.  so  memorable  in  the  conflicts  between 
(  )h;o  and  the  territory  of  Mi<  higan. 

This  di-puted  territory  is  valuable  lor  its  rich  and  productive  farming 
lands,  ainl  the  possession  ot  the  harbor  on  the  Maumee river,  where  the 
VOUJILJ,'  ami  flourishing  <  itv  of  1  oledo  sits  m  her  proud  majesty  locontrol 
things. 

This  strip  of  laud  is  five  miles  wide  at  the  west  end.  and  eight  miles 
at  the  east  end.  The  line  was  nxed  betore  any  other  territory  was 
organi/.ei  1  and  alte<  t  ed  b\  it. 

Toledo  had  many  names.  It  was  then  Swan  ('reek;  afterwards  Tort 
l.awreme.  then  Vistule.  now  Toledo.  The  early  settlers  were  satisfied 
ti,  be  in  the  territory  of  Mi<  higan. 


I  n    I  S  •  ;    r  !| 
rl.iui'  )!  1  11;--  !•  i 

Ti.U-.!.i  w.i>  i 


<>!  til!-  (1:-;.  •::'•!  1  !r,u  I,  .111.  1  N!  : 
t<  >ri.i!  iur^iiii  '  ,.  >;i  !•>  ;lir  I  u 
M  i<  ::_  iii  \\  •  )•  >,i  (  n'iii'  \  h.i' 

I  hi'    II    1  IT:  ^    !  ,  !U'.    It'll     til'"    Jii'i  I]  il 

'1'iu-  |JMS>,  --;,  in  di  the  !i  ir!n 
ID.  ulr  the  i>-;rn:n,  jmin',.  itni 
onK-r  1  1!  the  ii.i\ 


1 1  •  i    ;  •  i     ir    .1    "  1 1 ,  _    u  i  .I  v  e  r ;  n.e       •> 

r  :'!M  il'    i  i!     M  .1   ii  l^.lll    I'Ti  , !  <  T\  .    \\  .!- 

r .  i ! ,  ,  1 1 1 1 1  '  i  1 '    i  * . :  1 1  --  e  i !    \\  t  • !  i    j  >  i  <  > !  t  •  i 

)ii>   :  .    i  U!  :-<l:<  !  n  in. 

I   ll!-    !,IU      t,;     I    I):'.".      ,I!H,\  e      In 

tii    .;    i    ii  i,  Ml    t ';  I'ee    i   i  i  111!  11  :--:•  iliei  -, 


4,0  HIS  TORY    OF    SKNKCA    COt'NM. 

t 

they  were  at  a  loss  to  know  which  of  the  two  jurisdictions  they  had 
better  belong  to.  They  wrote  numerous  letters  to  the  governors  of 
both  jurisdictions,  explaining  their  dangers  and  their  troubles,  etc. 

\mong  the  most  distinguished  men  who  looked  to  (iovernor  Mason 
for  help  were  |.  V.  D.  Sutphen.  Coleman  J.  Kuler.  Cyrus  Fisher  and 
Samuel  Hemmenway.  and  those  that  wanted  to  be  Ohioans  counted 
among  their  number  Andrew  Palmer,  Stephen  B.  Comstock,  Mayor 
Stickney.  \Villard  Daniels,  (leorge  McKay  and  Dr.  Naman  (loodsell. 

(iovernor  Mason  wrote  to  (ieneral  Brown,  who  was  in  command  of 
the  third  division  of  the  Michigan  militia,  as  follows: 

KXF.(  CTI VK  OFKH  K.  DKTKOIT.  March  ii.  ls.'v>. 

Siu:  You  uill  herewith  receive  the  copy  of  a  letter  just  received  from 
('oliimbus.  You  will  now  perceive  that  a  collision  between  Ohio  and  Michi- 
gan is  inevitable,  and  will  therefore  be  prepared  to  meet  the  crisis.  The 
governor  of  Ohio  lias  just  issued  a  prod  a  mat  ion.  but  I  have  neither  received 
it  nor  been  able  to  learn  its  tendency,  i  shall  send  \ou  such  arms  as  may 
be  necessary  for  \oiir  successful  operation  without  waiting  for  an  order  from 
the  secretar)  of  war  as  soon  as  Ohio  is  properly  in  the  Held.  Till  then.  I 
am  compelled  to  await  t  he  direction  of  t  he  war  department. 

Yours. etc..  STK  V  KXS  T.   MASON. 

( •  KNKI:  A  i.  -los.  \V.  Muow  N. 

(  )n  the  }ist  of  March,  (iovernor  l.ucas.  accompanied  by  his  stall' 
and  the  boundarv  commissioners,  arrived  at  I'errysburg  on  their  way 
to  run  and  re-mark  the  Harris  line,  in  compliance  with  the  law  of  the 
j  }d  ot  February  previous. 

(ieneral  John  Mcll.  in  command  of  the  i;th  division  Ohio  militia, 
embracing  the  disputed  territory,  arrived  about  the  same  time  with  his 
staff,  and  mustered  into  the  service  some  600  men.  lulls'  armed  and 
equipped.  On  his  way  to  I'errysburg,  (iovernor  Fucas.  with  his  staff, 
stopped  all  night  in  Fort  Mall,  at  Smith's  hotel.  Thev  made  a  verv 
formidable  appearance  and  when  (ieneral  II.  ( '.  Mrish  met  them,  there 
was  a  show  of  military  etiquette,  the  like  ot  which  Seneca  county  never 
experienced  before.  from  here  the  troops  liom  Seneca  followed  (!ov 
ernor  l.ucas  and  met  (ieneral  Mel]  al  Lower  Sandusky,  from  whence 
thcv  took  tlie  line  of  march  for  I'errysburg. 

The  Ohio  army  svent  into  tamp  at  Fort  -M  iami.  ( iovernor  Mason, 
with  (  i  e  n 


No\  <-Ml!>--<    i  .    i  S  i  -      ••   \  «1   >• .  r      i   '  •;•    • 
that  i  aii  ha; i|  ii-ii  t  >  a   >  <  ••!".: ;  \ . " 

( MiviTiii  T    I   'i<  a-,    iia-1    MI  nl-    •;;• 

( irnrral     I'.ril    with    h;--    !I>M  <•    '..  i     1  -  -ra<ly 

but  biMnrc  tin  s   were  p-ail\    t<>  >tart.  t>v-i  <-ii%..:)»Mit  <  .'./'•n-.  HUM    K:<  har<i 
Rusk,    dt     l'hiiailrl[>h:a.    aini     ('ni'Hiri    H-iwanl.    "t     I  l.iif.Mi.  «rr.    arr.\fl 
troiu    \\  a^hni^ti  in    a-~    i  oinnus--:'  Mifr^  \r<  >:\\  tiic    pr    ~-.i!ri,t    lit    tb.c   I   n:'i''l 
Statc^,  tn    u->c    tlu-ir    PIT-MUKI!    intlm-iu  <•  \<>    >tn|>ail    warlike    ili-in<)M>tr.i 
tion-v      Hon.    l.lisha    \\'hittlr--cy.    ni    <)h..i,    .«  >  <  Miipaiiinl    the   <ommi> 
siotirr>   as   a    \nluntarv    pcai  cinakcr.       lln^c    ^cntlniirn    rriiniti^tr.itcti 
with    <  i<>vern»r    I  .:u  a>    aiul     mi. :m In  1     him    "I    tin.-    latal    i  i  >n-C'|iirn<  i-s 
that   niiul'.t  1'illow.  (.-!(.        l'hc\    u !•„''•< i  jialu-iur  aii'i  tn    wait    :»r    a    pcaii- 
ahir  scttli-iiH-u!  "t    tin-  inatvr  l>v  <  ,.::^!c->. 

Tlu-M-   <-..:iiiiii-si,,iH-r.    liu-M  .1!-.  vM'.o!    C,..v,-ni..r    IJr..wn    an-1  u£^l 
h  i  ;n   t   >  a!i-'  •   ::  tiiiin  s  i>  ilrin  c  a'.'l  ^!'"»i-ln'!  T/:i  '  >':;^:r--^  i    i-:'.ii  a>  '.   :u 


I--!.      TI..M  ill'-    ll.i:;'i-    I1.];''    xh,,;iM  i..-    liin   aii'l  i>-  MI.  i:  !-.' 
;n-t  M!  i  ip.  !a-t  -,.'--1.  <>•  ,  ,\  I  h  *  !•••_:  i-~!,it  n  '  ••  "!    <  ":;-    u  :!i...n;   : 

J'l.      I!,'     '•!•.  :i    '  ii-i  i  i-iii--.    iiiiii-i    I!,--    !.r.\^    "I    «' 
!  li; '  >ii_:!i'  'I,:   I  hi-  i  i  i -pi]  I  '••  1  Ii-i'i'iti  i|-\  .  lii.il   ;  !ii-  |>i  .  i|.!i-  1 1  -:•',  .ii-_z 
1 1  I !   !"  tli'-:i   i  >u  I:  L;I  >\  i-!  iiiii'-li!     '  •!  "  \  MIL:    I!M-    "hi-    '  n:  i  •-•:;<  ;:<• 
1 1 1 1  •  \   1 1 1 ,  i  *   | ' :  i  t  c  • ! .  \>,  ; ;  1  \ .  1 1 1 ;  m ' ' ! » •  - 1 : 1 1 1 "  M  !  i '  1 1  n  ;  1 1 1  •  ,  i  u ; }  i . .  i : ;  ,  - 

'4. 1 II    null!    1  !M'  i'ln-,1-  i  >t   III'-   in   \i    •>!•-••-!  i  ill   i  •!'  rull^l  i-^>. 

(  I..-., -MUM-    Ma-.M    r,-t  i-nl    ;,,    .t 

l.ina-    i  M!i,i-!i;;-i  1    ami    <  ii->  hai  _'•';    'in-    :!••"  (i   '\c 

t;a:i\     :.ii;«twc<l    -.uit.  .mil    thai    rri';<  tar/.'x .    :r:tkit    •;;• 


43-  HISTORY   or   si:\r.c\   COTNTV. 

rue.  the  head<|iiai 'ler>  of  (teneral  Brown.  (Jeneral  Brown  was  yesterday  at 
Toledo,  at  the  head  of  the  sheriff's  pnsse  of  Km  armed  men.  They  came  for 
the  purpose  of  arreMinu:  those  \vlio  had  accepte-1  otlice  under  the  stale  of 
Ohio.  I  Ie  informed  me  that  an\  attempt  to  run  the  line  \voiild  he  resisted 
li\  tlie  \vliole  force  of  t  he  territor\ :  that  they  had  .".no  men  under  arms  at 
Monroe  and  tii ii i  mi >re  would  soon  he  there:  that  the\  had  1  .">i in  stand  of  arms 
taken  from  the  I'niled  Stales  arsenal  at  White  1'i^eon:  that  they  did  not 
mean  to  lie  rode  rouu'li  shod  h\  ()hio.  It  was  replied  that  Ohio  had  not  as 
yet  put  on  her  roiiu'li  shoes,  and  \voiild  not.  unless  they  made  it  necessary, 
and  that  the  line  would  certainly  he  run.  The  governor  of  Ohio  started  yes- 
terda\  Mil  inst.  for  I  )eliance.  and  is  entirelx  unprepared  to  meet  the  force 
of  Michigan.  \\"lial  course  lie  will  pursue  I  do  not  know.  Our  party  con- 
sists of  lit  teen  or  twenU  unarmed  men.  and  if  we  proceed  we  shall  certainly 
he  made  prisoner^,  there  not  Items;  a  sullicieiit  niimher  to  prevent  surprise. 
I  think  the  expedition  will  he  delayed.  The  state  of  Ohio' is  affording  no 
protection  to  the  people  on  the  disputed  territory,  further  than  through  the 
civil  authorities.  And  those  who  have  accepted  ollice  have  heen  obliged  to 
retreat.  The  governor  has  pouer  to  call  out  the  militia,  hut  has  no  funds  to 
sustain  them.  Yours  truly.  S.  DOlXiK. 

President  laekson  applied  to  the  attorney  general.  Benjamin  F» 
Butler,  of  New  York,  for  his  opinion  in  the  premises,  who  replied,  say- 
in  u  that  the  mere  runni»g  oi  the  line  was  nt>  ranse  for  hostilities,  but 
that  suit  might  be  brought  against  llie  commissioners  in  the  courts  of 
the  terrili try. 

The  commissioners  commenced  running  tlie  line  from  the  northwest 
corner  oi  the  state.  (ieneral  IJrown's  scouts  watched  them.  When 
the  surve\ii\u'  ]'arty  LTOI  into  I.enawee  countv.  the  under  sheriff,  witli 
his  posse,  appeared  on  the  ground  to  arrest  them,  but  the  commis- 
sioners and  surveyors  escaped  and  ^ot  to  tree  <  )hio  soil.  '1'hey  reached 
l'err\  sburu  next  day  with  their  clothes  badly  torn  and  hungry. 

(ioxernor  I  .ui  as  reported  the  fails  to  the  president,  (leneral  jack- 
son  can:  ed  a  copy  ot  the  report  to  be  sent  to  (.overnor  Mason,  with  a 
request  to  have  Mason  send  his  statement  also.  Thereupon  (iovernor 
Ma->on  applied  to  (ieneral  Brown  tor  information,  (ieneral  Brown,  on 
the  i;th  of  June.  i*.^.  writes  from  Tecuma.'h  to  C.o\ernor  Mason, 
stating  all  he  did  and  naming  those  that  had  been  arrested  and  refuting 
the  idea  that  the  commissioners  had  been  tired  upon. 

The  news  ol  the  breaking   up    oi  the    sur\evin_;   parts   spread  through 
|;ke  \'.'ld  tire,  and    'ii>\ernor    Mason's  c ou.'se    was  generallv   con- 

I  .ucas  finding  it  I'tnprai  i  u  able  !<>  run  the  line,  'ailed  an 
ofthe  legislature  lor  the  Stli  of  |une.  Tlial  bod\-  passed 
revent  the  ion  c  abdm  tion  ot  the  citixelis  of  (  )hio."  and 


llll      it'!.  Kl>i«    w.\k 


:ii  t  wa>  ]>a--ed  <  rcutin^  the  iie\\  <  »';n'.\  .»i  I.H.I  a->  from  the  math  j-.t:1. 
i)t  Wo<>d  toutitv.  embracing  tin-  d.-p'ited  territory  n»rth  >  <:  \\  .....  i  and 
.1  JM  <f:  ion  i  it  thr  northwe-;  o!>and'i-k\  •  o!;nt\  I:  d.rei  t--d  i  i  o-,;rt  ••! 
common  plea-  '."  I";-  held  a:  a:i\  i  >:uen:en:  IM-I-I-  .11  |..'edo  i»n  tl.t 


\>T'  •[.!  "-;t;i  m  in.i-ir  \>\  !hr  ,iii«i\i-  n.inii-ii  i  'iiniu:->p  "iirr^  "i'.hf  I  n:ti-'i 
St.iti---.  S^co.o?  urn  .ijr]ir<  ij.n.itcii  fi  i  .irry  tin-  '..i'.v  :r.  ••  i  ;in  t  .uni 
pa\  !iiu  troop-.  r!i  .  !:.<•  i!:\ii-:mi  i  >  iiniii.t!!ili:r-  \\err  i  .ilicil  ::|'"n  t»  n- 
jinr;  the  n'Miiii'-i  ni  tronji^  in  e.u  h  ili\  ;MHI;  that  wmiM  \  .  •'.•:r.:eer  t"  >u^ 
tain  tlie  governor  in  entorrinu'  tlie  l.nvs  in  the  di->|in;eil  terr;t"ry.  l-ilteci. 
OM;  Hi  -e\enteeil  ilivi«.ii  m«.  in  the  -^t.ite  i'e[>»rteil  lo.oc  -  inn,  re.nlv  l<> 
N'ubintecr.  aii'l  .'.;;<>  men  were  estimated  that  wuuld  volunteer  in  the 
two  division-,  that  d:d  not  rejiort.  The  M.ilu.;an  authorities  i)e<  aine 
nioi  •(.  \  ioleii!  in  tlieir  pri  »e<  ution-  oi  (  ihio.in-^  Major  Stu  kne\  .  (  ieor^e 
MI  K  t\  .  ImUe  \\";Uon.  and  main  other-  were  ai  re-ted  and  taken  ;•• 
Monroe  jail  When  Major  Stukn'-y  wa-  arrested  lie  re!'i>ed  to  ^«. 
Tiie\  p'lt  him  on  a  Imr-e  and  held  him  on  it.  while  a  third  man  !ed  the 
lior-t  .  The\  tied  the  Major'-  le^-  to-ether  under  the  hor-e  to  >e<  'ire 
h;n.  In  the  attempt  to  .irre-t  I.  Stii  kiie\  .  a  -on  ,,i  ;hr  M.r.,;,  In- 
ton'k  'H::  hi-  pe;;  knile  and  -taMied  one  ot  "the  men  :n  the  !ef.  -:de.  .in>i 
nun  !r  !n-  ex  ape. 

I  i,'      -tal>l>:n_    o;    \\'ood   b\      1'.    S;i(kne\     \va-    re;iorte«l    \»     lieneia 
I  ti  k  -'  "i:  .     \\\\>  •     lie  i  aiiie    \  er\     ind:  u  nan!    •  <\  ei    t  he    .t::.i:  r.       r.  d  l  i  >  >\  e:  n«  •: 


4.>4  HISTORY    »)K    SI.NKCA    COUNTY. 

Taylor  and  Seely,  the  commissioners  to  re-run  the  Harris  line,    intorm 
';ig  them  ot  the  promise -of  the    president,  and   advised  the  commence 
ment  of  the   work   on    the  ist  of  September,   at  a   point  where  they    left 
oil.      lit.-  informed  them  that  he  had   sent    two    hundred  and  twenty-five 
nlles  and  sixty-one  muskets  and  equipments  to  Port  Miami,  and  would 
send  more  soon,  to  protect   them  in  their  work;    that    these   arms  would 
be  placed  under  the  control  of  the  court,  etc. 

The  authorities  of  Michigan  disregarded  all  these  arrangements,  and 
Kept  on  making  arrests.  On  the  jfjth  of  August4  Secretary  Korsyth 
•.vrote  to  ( iovernor  Mason  that  he  was  superseded,  and  that  Mr.  Charles 
^haler.  oi  Pennsylvania,  was  appointed  secretary  of  the  territory  ot 
Michigan  as  his  successor,  etc. 

*  Mi  the  same  day  Secretary   Lorsyth    also    addressed  a  letter  to    Cov 
ernor  Lucas,  transmitting  copies  of  letters  written  that  day  to  (iovernor 
Mason  and  Mr.  Shaler.  expressing  a  hope  that  no  tnrther  attempt  would 
bi  made  l>y  <  Miio  to  exercise  jurisdiction  in  the  disputed  territory  until 
<  oiigress  could  act  on  the  question,  etc. 

These  letter->  from  Secretary  Lorsvth  had  the  desired  effect.  The 
Liood  ;ense  ol  ( iovernor  Lucas  had  already  shown  him  the  danger  of 
getting  into  conllict  with  the  Lnited  States,  who  would  naturally  stand 
i)\  and  protect  a  territory  in  its  legal  rights,  and  he  modified  his  course 
•.  ery  materiall  v. 

il'iil  '-lion  whether    to    hold    a  court  in  the  new   coiintx    mi  the 

7th  D|  September,  was  >nll  to  be  decided.  Adjutant-( ieneral  Samuel 
1  .  Andrew--  was  ->ent  by  (iovernor  Lucas  to  Lucas  county  to  consult 
with  the  judge  and  other  officers,  who  directed  Colonel  Van  Meet  to 
'  ail  out  hi--  regiment  to  act  as  a  po>se  to  the  -dicrilf  for  the  protection 
of  the  court.  Andrew  Cottinberry,  and  old  and  experienced  lawyer. 
\vas  engaged  by  the  governor  to  .ict  a>  an  assistant  [jrosecuting  attor- 
ney.  Colonel  \  an  I'leet  promptly  obeyed  the  call  and  ordered  his 
regiment  t<  >  rendc/\  ous 

(ieiierals  Andrews  and  liell  ^topped  at  a  hotel  in  Toledo,  demeaning 
themselves  as  private  citi/ens.  (  )n  Simday  afternoon  the  sheriff  and 
attendants  met  al  M;am:  to  proceed  to-ether  the  next  morning  under 
es(i,rt  of  Colonel  V  in  Meet's  regiment,  to  hold  the  court  at  Toledo. 
Colonel.  Van  Meet  had  100  men  on  the  ground,  which  was  considered 
-•;!!:'  ient  to  di-pei'se  any  mob  that  mi^lit  offer  resi-,lance.  In  the  even 
:M_  one  ol  the  ( 'olonel's  scouts  <  anie  in  and  reported  that  (ieneral 
I»ro\\  ijst  arrived  at  'I'oledo  with  a  large  military  force  to  prevent 

I  he  •        rourt. 

(i-;--  were  <  ontounded  with  tear  at  Iraniim:  these  facts,      ludi/e 


J  o 


HiU'L'ins  ami  I'oun:  ( 'i  .ttinl.rri  \   were  M"t    present.      (  <i 

Ion.;  time.       T!u-  a--ix  i.Ut.-  nul^c-  !ic-:!.itn! 
.mil  lii'Min^  in.  i  ourt.       I'in.iilv     i:    w.i>    .i^rrnl 
(  'oloiicl   \  an   )•  in-' .  win  i  lunl  n-  >:   -a:-!  a  \\  ni.!.  lei 
the  liiu-  w; tli  -wi  .r.i  in  liainl.  . 


"  1 1  \  i  ill  ,irr  \vi  iiiicn.  .411  l:>  >:nr  .  . ! 
nl  the  i  <  HI  r; ;  1  w.  I'l  i  i  • )  in  inc.  1 1 
!  will  In-  !v^j...i^.;.i,-  ;..r  \..-n  55 
"Mr  i  iliji-i  i :  ;  rr  llj  >!  h'-i  \v:-(  .  I  •  i 
I'hi-  -cl'i.-.-!  :!u-  .i.-  i-.-ii.ii  'I 


436  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

and  faced  about.  It  was  then  discovered  that  the  clerk  had  lost  his 
hat  containing  the  court  journal.  It  was  one  of  those  high,  bell-crown 
hat>.  then  fashionable,  and  had  capacity  sufficient  to  hold  a  great  many 
papers.  1  laving  succeeded  in  holding  the  court  so  well,  and  then  losing 
the  papers,  was  indeed  too  provoking,  and  to  have  them  fall  into  the 
hands  of  the  enemy  was  still  worse.  They  fully  believed  that  they  were 
pursued,  yet  to  lose  the  papers,  was  enough  to  arouse  the  courage  of 
any  soldier.  Colonel  Van  Meet's  courage  had  not  forsaken  him.  With 
him  to  will  was  to  do.  lie  ordered  the  clerk  to  dismount,  and  with 
two  of  the  guards,  to  feel  his  way  back  carefully  in  search  of  the  papers, 
while  the  balance  would  keep  watch  to  cover  the  retreat.  He  cautioned 
them  to  make  no  noise,  and  if  discovered,  to  conceal  themselves.  The 
hat  was  found  with  the  papers.  The  party  reported  no  enemy  in  sight. 
The  state  of  ( )hio  had  triumphed,  The  record  was  made  up  from  the 
papers,  and  signed.  "  I.  H.  Jerome,  associate  judge." 

Colonel  Van  Fleet  was  so  rejoiced  at  the  recover)  of  the  papers  that 
he  ordered  two  salutes  to  be  fired  on  the  spot.  The  party  proceeded  to 
Maumee  at  leisure,  and  reached  the  town  a  little  after  daylight. 

While  the  court  was  in  session.  Colonel  Wing  was  stationed  in  town 
with  100  men  to  arrest  the  judges  if  they  should  undertake  to  hold 
court.  Finding  that  there  was  no  further  use  for  his  army,  General 
Mrown  repaired  to  Monroe  and  disbandoned  them. 

It  seems  that  this  Mr.  Shaler  did  not  take  charge  of  the  office  of  gov 
ernor  of  the  Michigan  territory,  and  that  John  S.  Homer  became 
Mason's  successor,  and  was  the  acting  governor  with  whom  Governor 
Lucas  afterwards  had  a  lengthy  correspondence,  and  which  resulted  in 
the  discontinuance  of  the  prosecutions,  except  the  T.  Stickney  case, 
for  the  stabbing  of  Wood,  the  deputy  shenll.  Governor  Homer  made 
a  requisition  upon  Governor  Lucas  for  him.  but  Governor  Lucas 
refused  to  give  him  up.  claiming  that  the  olfcnse  had  been  committed 
on  <  >hio  soil,  and  '.hat  therefore  the  court-  of  Michigan  had  no  juri>- 
diction  over  him. 

I'ublu  -I'll li men t  gradually  settled  down  in  favor  of (  )hio.  -  and  peace 
was  again  restored  to  the  border."  The  boundar  commissioners 


rii^ht  <m<l  law  ^timiM  have  M-tllo!.  .tn<l  the  ••'.b.cr  l.i«  t  !h.i;  '.he  |i 
the-  whole  northwest  were  hi^iily  t-M-tdl  •  •-.  •••  'he  •  •  ir;:!:«  :.  .UK!  .i 
thr  M  ciu^  h.i\f  ».i->>ctl  .i\v.i\  -\\\\i  '.hr  CM  .tc-ii'-n:  .in-!  S-'th  .lirii 


ar  !.v   M.  V    W.iv. 


CHAPTER  XXVI. 


SENECA  COUNTY  IN  THE  GENERAL  ASSEMBLY  SENECA  COUNTY  ON  THE 
TAX  DUPLICATE-SOLDIERS  OF  THE  REVOLUTIONARY  WAR  OLDIERS 
OF  THE  WAR  OF  iSn  SOLDIERS  IN  THE  WAR  WITH  MEXICO-INDE- 
PENDENT  COMPANIES  -OHIO  MILITIA. 


Till,  kiinl    reader.  \vho  may  be  desirous  to  know  ho\\-  and  by  \vhoin 
this   (  ounty   lias  been    represented    in  both  brunches  of  the  gen 
oral  ussemblv    of  (  )hio  troin  the  time   ot    its  orguni/.ation  hitherto,  muy 
save  a  good   deal    of  time    and    labor    by   glancing  liis  eye    over   a    few 
pui,res  in  this    (  hupter. 

Tb,e  time  when,  and  the  manner  in  which  the  districts,  both  senatorial 
and  representative,  were  organi/ed  and  changed,  each  including  Seneca 
county,  and  the  time  of  the  election  of  senators  and  representatives, 
and  who  they  were,  from  18^4  to  iSXo.  a  period  o!  56  years,  re<|uired 
patient  labor  to  ascertain,  and  it  is  hoped  that  this  part  of  the  present 
chapter  ma\  be  appreciated  us  a  reference  document  in  proportion, 
at  least,  to  the  work  it  required  to  produce  it. 

I'nder  the  old  constitution  •  let  it  be  remembered)  senators  were 
elected  for  two  years  and  representatives  tor  one  veur.  The  legislature 
met  annually  on  the  first  Monday  ot  December.  I'nder  the  present 
<  onstitution  the  general  assembly  is  to  meet  bi -annually  and  then  on 
the  fir>t  Monday  in  January.  In  spite  of  this  plain  provision  of  the 
presriit  ((institution,  there  was  only  one  winter  during  the  last  thirtv 
\ear--  when  the  legislature  did  not  have  u  session;  and  that  was  the 
ever  memorable  year  ot  iS;;.  when  it  was  discovered  that  the  state 
treasury  was  short  about  three  quarters  of  a  million  of  dollars.  In 
ali  the-e  years  the  legislature  adjourned  to  an  extra  session,  in 
violul  '  -  the  plain  provision  ot  the  (onstitution.  under  a  joint  reso- 
lution ot  both  houses.  In  other  words:  the  spirit  and  plain  provision 
ot  tlie  <  onstitution  is  deteated  by  the  <  nnstruction  of  the  word  "  ad 
journment".  \nd  this  determination  to  beat  down  the  intention  of 
the  (  onstitution  ot  <  >hio  is  a  sin  ot  both  parties  alike  I'.oth  are 


SKNKl  A    <(>l'NI\     IN     I  UK     (.KNK.kAI.    A»KMIU.V.  4 $>) 

of  the  crime  and  therefore  willing  to  forgive  each 'other.      Hut  the  i^md 
people  loot  the  bill  all  the  same. 

No\v    senators    and    representatives   are    each    elected    lor   two    \ears. 
There  i>  no  holding  over,  nor  adjournment  intended  b\  the  new  const  it  n 

lion.  \\'hat  further  proot  is  necessary  to  show  its  spirit  and  meaning  ' 
H(i\vc\  er.  the  people  acquiesce  in  thi>  bi-annual  viol. it  ion  i  if  their  funda 
mental  law  and  are  willing  to  pay  tor  it.  This  is  all  the  politicians 
want,  and  are  accommodated.  l?ut  tn  resume.  I'.elow  find  the  years 
<>!  the  e!e<  tioiis  ot  senators  and  represi-ntati\  es,  tu-st  under  the  old.  and 
then  under  the  new  <  on--; itution.  the  tune  of  their  elections  and.  the 
<  omposi t ions  iii  the-  d: st rn  t s  ni  regular  01  > Icr.  \  ,/ 

-i-:\  vi  c  M;-. 


440  HISTORY    OK    SENECA    COUNTY. 

)"»<//•>-.        1 '•ntnti<  *  wiiiporiny  districts.  IVIio  <l<.<-ttd. 

IMs         Same  counties  Joel  W.  Wilson 

Seneca 

K-,<I         Hancock  Michael  Brackley 

Wvandot 

This  was  the  last  senatorial  election  under  the  old  constitution. 

KKl'KKSKNTATI  V  KS. 

Marion 

l^iM        Seneca  Jeremiah   Kverett 

Sanduskv 


Senec-i  Josiah  Hedges 

Saiidusky 

Same  counties  Kher  leaker 

Same  counties  Samuel  M.  Loekwoo. 

Saiidusky 

*\-\\ll['{{  LoH<\V 1  re-eleeled 

Hanc.,ck 

Same  counties  I,ock\vood   re-elected 

Same  counties  Josiah  Hedges 

Same  counties  Harvey. I.  Harmon 

Seneca 
Sanduskv 


same  counties 

June  s.      Kxtra  session  to  consult  on  Michigan  boundary  and  u  ai . 

Same  counties  \\'illiam  1!.  <  'railhead 

Same  counties  ('railhead  re-elected 

Same  counties  Samuel  Treat 

Same  count ies  John  Welsh 

Same  counties  Welsh  re-elected 

Seneca 
Sanduskv 

Wood 

Hancock 

(  Mtawa 

Same  ci  Him  ie> 


M.NEi  \    COUNTY    IN     1HK    (.KNK.KAI      VSSKMI'.I.Y.  441 


Kl. 


KI 


Saint-  comities 
Sfiifca 


Seneca 

Srlliva 


William  15.  ( 'laitrht-ad 
Sainiifl  U'au'c. iii.-r 

II«-ni\  ('.  Urisli 
I  >anirl  I'.iuu  n* 
Warren  1'.  Nulilf 
N.,1.1.-  ri-j-h-i-tnl 
.l.iliii  ( ,.  Mn-slin  ^[n-akfi 
I5rf»lin  i v-flf'-t<-il 


•K.:--:i-a  H-  n  I  >.•:.:-. .-nil  .Ui'l  '...'.-.I  ui:h  I  In-  \\  !ii---. 

I  a>t  elei  timi  :imler  the  old  constitution. 

File  ^en.Uorial    district    under   the    ne\v  constitution    ha>    ne\er   heen 


\\'vandot. 

KM     .|..r]  \V.  \Vil>..n 
!-.v;     KolMM-t  L.-t- 

l-^-V,       .lallH'^  I.i'U  i^     K.. \..u\rl 

\V.  I'.  N,.l.|t- 
K',7      U..l.t-rt  M.'Ki-llf\ 
K-Vi     Tin  ima->  .1 .  <  )rr 
I-'.]      William  l.anu: 
1-''.",      \Villiam   l.anu' 


-7.-,     K.  T.  Stirkn.-N 
77     .l..lm   S.-it/ 


KM  .l;i.-..li    hrck.T 

I-.,.;  .l.ilni  \\     1'aiin' 

l-.V,  .|..M-|.)I    I!M\.-|-      K.   N. 

I-.',  -  M,,ll-;-    I'.    >killIMT      D. 


.  .  iiii]  i.ii'.i!  :\  r;  \     -ni.i'i  i .        I'lic    '  i 'i| 
\  i  .  i  r  •>    t  •  \  ] ' ;  r  >  •  >  1 . 
L'I\  !•--  ; lie  .in).  i'ri!  >  >j  :.i\i' -  ;'.i.'  1  ' 


HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 


into  the  state  treasury  for  ten  years,  from    1826  to  1835,  ^ot\\  included. 
except  the  canal  tax  already  mentioned: 

Amount. 


IMJS  ........................     :;iM.:;±o     is;;:;  .......................     s:54.7!).s 

|M>!»  ........................      444.44.:;     KM  ........................      !t"4.so.l 

ls:;o  ........................     iitHi.Oo.7     1^:5")  ........................      S14.i:;.s 

It  \vouldbe  tedious  and  dry  reading  to  follow  the  figures  of  assess- 
ment and  taxation  from  year  to  year,  and  the  reader  must  be  content 
\vitli  short  references  to  show  simply  how  Seneca  countv  swelled  in 
proportions,  in  both  wealth  and  on  the  tax  duplicate. 

lii  ,8}'>  the  value  of  town  lots  in  Timn  was  SSn^oy:  in  Melmore. 
S;.4<)^;  in  Republic.  S;o8:  in  Carolina.  S(>o8  :  in  Attica.  51.41)4 

(.  Tinton  township  then  had  six  pleasure  carriages,  \-alued  at  >4ho: 
F.den  one.  valued  at  850:  Hopewell  two.  valued  at  Si  60.  There  was 
then  no  other  carriag1'  in  the  county.  Any  spring  wagon  was  a  pleasure 
carri  i'_re.  There  were  nine  ot  these,  valued  at  >6;o. 

The  following  table  will  show  the  number  ot  acres  and  their  value  on 
the  duplicate  in  i8><>.  the  number  of  horses,  neat  cattle  and  total  taxe-^ 
for  all  nuri  loses: 


Adams ii.!«H 

i'.loom ll.:',21 

(Minton ls.77»i  so.no'.i  :;72  old 

Kdc-u 21.7.77  tio.ltio  :;i:;  o.">n 

Ilopt-wt'll 11.74'.'  :;!u;7u  127  :;n7 

LibcrU 7s.su7  2u.ii<i7  1  l»i  .Si's                .S7.S  :!o.:; 

London l.sjj  ii.s:;i  o!<  isr,                llsi'o.t. 

I'lt-asaiit l.s'.is  24. :;:;o  122  :;u:;                44o  17.1 

llf.-.l I2.H72  ::n.!2J  124  :;'.i7               o:::;  nsj 

Sfiit'i-a !i.t7-">  :!1.7s4  17'.'  :17I                 oi'l   ss.i; 

Si-i)»io 17.1M17  12. !»•">:;  2u:;  .^to               us.",  u.-j 

Thompson 11. 2H  I'O.I'H'J  214  olo            .    4sit  :;4.n 

N'cnicc 1.271  12.277  so  :\.\2                 2H4sl.o 

.lack-on l.ujii  2.211:;  H 

Total    lax.  .  .   S!i.707  2'i. 


>K\Ki:.\    rol'NTV    ()N     IH1.     IAX    !>rrih.AU  443 

The   lollowiiiLj   table   >hows   the   same   articles   t"or   taxation.   an«l    the 
taxes  tor  each  township  and  the   towns  lor  i*~<} 
.V".  >.' 


^iat'suriiirs'  *  m'M  7-|  '''i'      1      *    1U'"  x' 


itiiiiun  SMrr, 
lil.Miin\illi-  

7:;:;.-J.V.             r,i:i 

^1'i.lsM                        7.-, 

",-t 

Itii,'  Spring  ±J.^'7 

•His.i',1              7.;'' 

l..'/,l 

Clinton     .        .    .     '-'I  l±_' 

|    •HI-'    J  |s                     l>  |s 

1  '  '  1 

K.I.  -n  ±.'.7'.L' 

l.lM'i.l'.s                     Iiii7 

i  .r.iy 

ll'.p.-urll                     L'J.s-M 
.laeksun  J;;.|i'.«. 

7lv'i.'«^l                          .")li<l 

ilit- 

Kil.rrt\  _'_'.s7s 

d.',s.ii;;s               i.'is 

i  .'>•.- 

I...II.I..M  L'-J.IJ-J 

s!ii'.v;u            i,7'. 

i  .-'•'>•' 

l-''.st.,na  

l.nj::.j:;7            u.v; 

i  ".I 

I'lrasaiit     ^J.l'iti 

ssl.7"'7                -Ml 

!  i  V 

Re.-ii  IM..VII 

sup  17,1               ,,7> 

1  .L'S: 

>eipiu  L'L'.7::7 

!  ll,.,  .si  is                  .,71 

l.l-M 

|{.-iml.lie  

KV±.1i                  7", 

•V 

Srlirea     JJ.'i'i^ 

'lv  1  .  \-'<  1               7-  Is 

1  .'  •  1  i 

'I'll.  'lll|  >s<  'll                  Ll-'i.^'.  1  1 

1  n7C|  l''7                7."iii 

1.1  J: 

V.'llier       'J.'i.u^ 

s.;-'.|,,u               r,:;u 

l.7i.l 

Vttiea 

l7i'.M't                 7", 

|. 

Tilliu      1st  uanl. 

•J-'».Jts    l:; 


71  II 

T"i,il  t.ix  I'M   1-7'.'  .  .s  Us.-,.:;7.-,  -., 

1'lu-  lorr^oinu  value-.  ;]nhnlf  aUo  tlir  ;>i.T>on.ii  ]pfo]u-rt\  an.!  the 
\alue-  ot  !'>;_;  ^prin.,':  aUo  A.Irian  an.l  Nc\v  Kri^el. 

'!'!'.<•  total  valuation  ot  the  > mint\  i>  SiS.qjo.oc  I:  !•»  ]ire-.uine.i 
that  th'-  a]>j>ra:M  uient  uo\v  alioii;  beiiiLj  made  will  nn  rea--e  the  valuation 
o:  tin-  real  estate  over  the  .ijiprai-M-incnt  ot  iS;c  aliont  two  miliion-N. 

!•.->'  :in.ited  jiojiiilat  i.  m  .  >t   i  S.S  .  .    ;  ;. 

1  !'..•  a.  res   aiioxr    mentioned,    with    the    a!>o\r   en!!inerat;on    in    i^~<i. 
j.rod'n  I'd  niie  and  OJH-  liait  millions  ..t  liusheK  .ii  wheat.      <  M'  tliis  .j-iar. 
li;\       .;'    i  ro'i^h  -ness      une  halt    million    w.is  ;i-rd    \\>\'  srcd  and  bread. 
it-a\:!;_  'ine  million  oi  bushels  tor  market,  representing  so  in nu   dollars 

\'i  'i'i;rr   -urplus    |ii»di](ts    put    together    make  two  millions  more 
;  iiree- m.!'.:on-  -urplus  larm  produet -,.    t.i    wlii.  h  ma\    bea.i.ied    one  halt 
in  '.  '•.'..•  i;i  m.ir.  ut.u  t  ".  i .  iu  pi'odu.  t  >.  to  be  divided  am  on.,  the  ab»\  e  p"puia 
•  1 1  ii. .  •  h  s  -,v.  e:  id  seem  t.  •  be  a  ia;r  !'e  present  at  ion  .  >t  Sene.  a  .  >  >unt  \   in  the 
b u s \    ,  : i •  "i  *he  \v ..rid. 

I'll  -  would  as'Ta^e  ab.>ut  >i  to  each  man.  woman  and  i  h: Id  ;n  ti;e 
.  1 1  •  i  r, ;  \  ;  o  ;•  i .  i  u  •  \ '  •  a  i . 

l-.i!  the  jiopul  ition  .it  >enei  a  <  ..untv  ;n  iS-  and  i  ->•>  see  i  !:aj>'.e: 
tort\  t".  >'iv. 


444  HISTORY    OK    SENRCA      COUNTY. 

SKMA'A    COUNTY     IN    THK     WAR. 

This  subject  would  make  a  book  by  itself.  There  is  only  room  here 
to  >tate  facts:  commentaries  must  be  left  to  the  reader. 

The  bones  of  seven  revolutionary  soldiers  rest  in  the  ground  of 
Seneca  county.  It  is  possible  that  there  were  others,  but  record  is 
made  here  only  of  those  whose  death  here  could  be  ascertained. 

I  RKDKRICK     SHAWHAN" 

\\'as  a  native  of  Kent  county,  Maryland,  but  settled  in  Virginia  after 
the  revolutionary  struggle  was  over.  lie  took  a  very  active  part  in  the 
revolution,  having  enli-ued  when  he  was  only  seventeen  years  old.  He 
served  under  (ienerals  Wayne,  (ireefi,  Lafayette  and  Washington.  He 
was  at  Stony  Point,  in  the  battle  of  Monmouth.  at  the  crossing  of  the 
1  >elaware.  and  at  the  battle  of  Trenton.  He  moved  to  Ohio  in  1X12. 
and  located  in  I'airfield  county.  In  1X20  he  moved  to  Wayne  county, 
and  afterwards  came  to  Seneca  count}',  where  he  died  near  Tiffin. 
August  26th,  1X40,  in  the  eightieth  year  of  his  age.  He  is  buried  in 
the  new  cemetery. 

JOHN"    W.     KKNT 

Was  another  revolutionary  soldier,  whose  history,  however,  there  is 
nobody  able  to  relate.  He  lies  buried  in  the  cemetery  at  liascom.  He 
died  November  lOtli,  1X44.  aged  ninety-nine  years,  nine  months  and 
seven  days. 

WILLIAM     HARRIS, 


ed  in  Si  ipio  township  in  1X40.  .it  the  age  of  eighty-two  years.  He 
-  from  Ne'.v  jersey,  and  is  buried  at  the  <  emetery  near  [olm  Hall'-. 
There  were  a  iroodlv  number  ot  ^oldiers  ot  the  war  of  1X12  in  Seneca 


SKN'KCA    OH'NIV     IN      I  UK     W,\K.  445 

<  mints,  and  the  writer  regret-  hi-  want  of  MUM  ess  in  ascertaining  then 
name-.  Kvery  effort  was  made  to  that  end,  and  the  newspaper-  in 
Tittii,  were  kind  enough  to  a-si-;  me  in  <  ailing  on  the  friends  and 
children  ot  the  -old;er-  o!  the  \sar  »!  i  M  .•  to  .jive  me  their  name*,  ami 
have-  them  recorded  in  the-e  pa_;e-,  \>\\\  it  proved  a  failure  and  a  le\v 
only  have  lieen  i  olio  ted.  <  >ne  man  <  ailed  mi  me  and  wanted  tu  kn<iu 
hnu  mu<h  I  paid  lor  MX  h  iniormation.  lie  went  awa\  without  giving 
me  an\  name- 

I'he  l<  'Hi  >w:ng  are  the  name-  »t  tlio-e  that  were    pic  ked  up.  however 
\ViliiamSilirral.  rit-;i>;int .  .Icilm  llau^hc-i .  Tnlin. 

lifiijamm  'I'liriifr.  l.itn-rt\.  .Icinathan  ( 'hittrmlfii.  Seijiin. 

Ilciiix  Ci'iinisc.  Tiilin.  Kculicit  \Villiam>.  Tiil'm. 

Ilfii!\  >t.  .Icilm.  Tillin.  .l»lm  ISowcrmaii.  Adam-. 

lolm  1'aine  <  ame  to  Adam-  April    ;th.    iNjc;.   and    ciied  in   1X46.      He 
wa-  .1  volunteer  in  Captain   Harry'-  company  (  ).   M ..  in    i  S  i  ^.  at  ( 'ire  le 
\  ilie.  and  wa-  at  the  battle  of  |-'t.  Ste\en-on. 

i  >  i  H  N    n  i  i  \  i-1 . . 
\\  ho  icxated  in    rhoiup-oi,  in   iS^c:  i-  -till  l:\ing. 

-AMI'I   I       i    \K-i  i\ 

\\  a-  u;'ii  (ieneral   llarn-on  at   I  ort   Meig-.      He  died  in  \  en:<  e. 

I  i  i>\\  1 1 ,    !  kil  hi  i  \ 
1 .1  H  a  ted  and  d.ed   in   \  eiiu  e.       He  1  >e!i  m^ed  to  a  Pennsylvania  regimen!. 

u  1 1  I.I  AM    -ll:l  k  \!  . 


44" 

of  I-'ort  Lrie.  Fort  (ieorge  ami  l.undy's  Lane,  in  many  oilier  minor 
engagements,  and  in  numerous  incursions  into  Canada.  He  was  file 
major  and  leader  of  a  band  at  the  execution  ot  lames  Hyrd.  He  came 
t<>  Seneca  county  in  1.^.4^.  and  was  buried  at  (  )mar  in  1^55.  Mrs. 
Melinda  I  .ee  is  his  only  living  daughter. 

SOI.IUKRS     Ik'iM     SKNKCA     IN      I  UK     Ml.MCAN     WAR. 

My  old  friend  l.oui->  Keilhar/.  Kst)..  of  Liberty  Center.  Henry  county. 
i  Mr.o.  was  so  kind  a->  to  furnish  me  with  the  names  ot' men  who  went 
into  the  war  again--!  Mexico  with  him  in  1^47.  vi/: 

<  'ai'iaiu     .lame  •>  I1'.  ( 'liapmaii. 
FirM   Lifiitfiiant     .Inlm  II.    FlfiintT. 
^fcniiil  Lit- nil-Haul     >mitli  D.  I'.alilwin. 
Non-ct unmissioned  officers: 
Stvi>n<l  '•"M'Li'f  ant     Tlmmjis   Liti  lc. 
'I'l:iril  Sfrgi-ant      l.nuis  A.  i'.rilliar/.. 

l'ri\  ales: 

\\'illiam   l>i>\rr.  -laiiif^  1  >uri'n\\  >.  l!f  Tijamin  (tec. 

!lu--fll  ^inilh.  \\ "illiam  ('ariify.  \\annT  Nori'i>. 

.1  amc^  ( 11  i^!n>rn.  ( 'hi'ist.  Mf  >  f  i  s.  .Inlm  « 'ivltc rl . 

Tlmiuas  [{nsftVlt.  .!ar,.l,  \V,.lf.  U'illiam   \\Vlls. 

.Inlm  Ken:.-  Mar!  in  Smilli.  ( tfni-gc  I  'I'nliascd. 

Martii!  Lfid.  ( mltli'-li  Mclchfi'.  .lolm  Murclifail. 

.liifi'i'  llf-N.^fiiaiifr.  \\'  i!!iam  Smith.  N      Nathan  Hall. 

SulniiiDii  ^niith.  Hfiir\    I  Icit'l'man.  .lo^hua  I'IT  lililc. 

(ici.riif  li-ii-kwfll.  Nil-hulas  Kirsh.  Nathan  IiidianK 

lv!\\,i;-.l  1  )aimiifil\ .  A  ivliiliaM  McMulif  n. 

Lcunai'd  Ilnfiliug.  Al«i>  s  Hmik    life  majnr  . 

And  a  iittle  dark  complexioned  (ierman  whose  name  ha>  escaped 
me.  Tiie  balance  ot  the  company  were  men  from  other  counties. 

II IK     sKNKi    \     lU.fKS 

\\\-re  an  independent  company,  very  neatly  uniformed  and  well  drilled. 
They  organi/ed  in  iS,v, .  Sorry  to  >ay  that  m>  roster  has  been  pre- 
served.  Henry  Lberi  was  captain.  John  J.  Steiner  was  orderly.  They 
served  out  their  time  under  the  law.  and  dispersed  M>on  after  the  cam- 
:  laign  ot  i  '  : 

i  n  I     i  iscl-'.ul.AS 

\\fre  al-'i  an  inde]  ndent  i  iiii]  my  that  organi/ed  under  the  leader- 
-liip  :it  ('aptain  i1  n.  :n  November,  i.s.p.  (iovernor  ("orwin 

i  <  - '  i  e  d  :  1  1 1 1  n  i  i  ^  -  i  o :  i  -, : 

I  '.ipl  ;i  in      -I*  'h  n   I  'i  i"]  inan. 

l-'ir-t    Lit-nt'-'iaiil      D.  K.    1 1  ami  It  "ii. 

•*'-'-'  Ml'i     1  .  '.  'ill  >''\\  lit. 


-»47 


1'rivates: 

.l;tiii«-»   WatMiii. 
.lam.--  K.Cain. 
IJa/t-Il  Nun  is. 
A.  Tax  I.-!  . 
William  Uncart. 
.la.-"!.  liii^l.-r. 
Kant  'man. 
1  t;i\  ill  •Mnith. 
William  l!fix'-ln 
W  illiam  M  i  H«T. 
.lul,  n  I  >i-a\  IT. 
I  laid.-l    I  >ra\ri  . 
.li'lin  >ln-ft^. 


>.  <  •  rillitli. 
N  i<-hi>la>  Kunt/. 
A  .  I  >>-n/ri  . 
Uanirl  I  Vh.-i  . 
.lar.'li  I'.,  .\\n--M.  \. 
hanirl  /••!.  «•. 
.!•  >hn  \\  ilham-v 

<  ii-ni  L'f  1  >i-\\al!  . 
I!.  .1.  Willu-r. 

1  1  i-m  \  Tn  i  m-i  . 
.lame-  \\  ..i!  . 

<  .fMi^r,.  Alii"-!!. 
.lam.--  I..    Hull/. 
I'aul   I  )i-u  ill. 


Aar.'.M  Mill.-r. 
Mil-had   |-'iiiii-aniiiiii. 
\\  .  1  >.   Ki.in-aiiin'ii. 
I  li-m  \  r.Ia>iu>. 
M.  KiivlmiT. 
.1.  M.  Kiivlim-i. 

-liihll    lln-i-li. 

l»a\nl  lI.-.-ll. 
I'anl   \'.MI  III. MI. 
I'lnli].    \'.-n  111. •!). 


Ill)       \\    \  -  H  1  \  i  .  1  •  i  \       '  .  i     \  K  !  '  -  - 

hi  i  -5  ,  .(  l  1  en n a n  >  ompan  \  wa-  ov^an  ;/e<  i  Mere  a- 
th  the  alio\i-  name.  il  wa->  ion-:dereil  the  lie-: 
Tier. i  i  o'int\  e\  er  prod'it  e.i;  iie.itU  'in'.tonued  .uid 


>an\    jiurpoM-.  it  wa->  ,i!\\ay-<  \\'rl!    st'.^tailK'd.       I  h<'    I'  ill'  >\v:n_;    i; 
!t"n  rr>  .ir.ii  pr:\a!c->  i--    mailr  up    :r«\\\  memory.       I'hc  roll    : 
•  rr!uip->  ^1'inr  old  i  omr.i'K1    \v:l!  in1  ovrrlooknl. 

'  api.i  i  n      \\  illiam  1  .aiiu. 

Tit  M   I  .iniU'iiaiil      X'ali-nt  im-  ^i-limidt  . 

^cri'iid   I  .n-uii-iiaiil      I  'i  i-diM  M-)\   llar!i-r. 

(    I.     •*«.  \\     '  .  !  !  1.1  I  II      I  '.I']    UtT. 

l'n-1  <  ni  |.nral      \a\  in    \N  rln  If. 
•>f  i  >iii  I  (  '•  M  )"  i]  a!      A  n'.i  MI   Hciid  NT. 
Third  <  "i  p..ral      l.mii>    l'.air_'. 
!'•  .in  i  li  <  'in  pi>r.d      <  ail   I  '.aii'j'. 
1  '!,!•_:  Hi  .11  1-1      A  nd  n-\\    1  >fii/rr. 


(   hn-!"|'lii'i   ^nv 

(     .1!    I     ^1  "I,  III!  III,  III. 

.I.IM-I.II  I..  •:.-rhi 

\  i"-.  -  Kank  . 
1     M.  Kin  !n,  .T. 
.1     \\  .  K;n  hn.-i  . 
\\  liliam    \  •  ml-! 
Ili-nr.   -.-I  HUM. 


I'll,  --niili'i  . 

.|"llll      I  .MCXM'l    . 

i  h.  -  iL'dii  i-i. 

\dani   \\  amn-1  . 
.l.'lih  I'M—  .'i-U.-i  . 
\\  iiliam  '/.»<  Il.-i. 
\  'a  !•  h!  iin-   I  >:  h_r< 
.1     \l  u.-ll.-i  u.  i>. 


.Ii'-M'|.|i   \'n!!mc 

I      .     I    ,   .        \   .     (    )||,1  •' 

\l.  r.  \\  .•lull-. 

.1"-.  (   hi  i-I  . 
.la.  -Ml.    \llu.-i-. 
\iidr.-\\    h  ,..],. 

<  .  .  .  •!  -.     I  i.-h  .•>  i 


44* 


HISTORY    01     SKNF.CA    COUNTY. 


Daniel   Labar. 
Henry  Weisheckei 
Daiiit-l  Si-helling, 
-lai-t'li  F  rent/el. 
( 'arl  Scheniiiij. 
iLTiial/  Kin-liner. 
Frit/  1'auli. 
Joseph  Schmitl . 

•  lullll    I  l;i:  '.  n,;i '. 

.distill  Sclmeidei . 
Wendel  I'.urkhart. 
Navier  \\  'aiiner. 
.lnliii  Me\er. 
Andrew  Hliem. 
\\"illiaiii  Hoelle. 
.1.  Ail.  Hi»-s. 
II.  Lemp. 


Michael  Kin-liner. 
Carl  F.  Hoos. 
Christ.  Mueller. 
Halthasar  Kirclincr. 
Carl  Mutschler. 
IMi.  Fmich. 
.lacoli  Schabacher. 
Joseph  Keltemeyer. 
1  >oiniiiiek  Hartel. 
Joseph  Hanker. 
Jacob  Xiininer. 
Peter  Schmittu/. 
John  Yeut^en. 
J.  1>.  ( ireivehlin.uer. 
John  Ilessberu'er. 
Louis  Seeualil. 
John  Kii'chner. 

KOR'I      I1AI.1.    ARTII.I.KKY 


Jacol)  ( Junther. 
Moses  II n Schwa r/.eii 

Joseph  Kaufl'mann. 
Lucas  I'in^ell'ried. 
David  Leisenriii"-. 
Henry  Wats. 
Fran/.  Ke))pelineyer. 
John  Demutli. 
William  I',.  Woltl. 
Henry  WolH. 
Jacob  Foell. 
Jacob  Hut'. 
P.  Frank  Hies. 
John  Spelx.. 
Chuini. 


\\"as   tlu-    only    independent    artillery   company  ever   urgani/ed   in   the 
county.      It  \vas  \vcll  unifonned  and  well  drilled,  making  a  very  fonnid 
able  appearam  e. 

( 'aptain     Trunian  II.  I5a»'b\ . 
First  Lieutenant   -I).  ( '.  Stonei1. 
Second  Lieutenant     P.  II.  Heaine. 
First  Seru'cant     Anion  Hi.^s. 
Second  Sergeant     (icorn'e  Hubert. 
Third  Sergeant     John  (ierspacker. 
Fourth  Sergeant     ('.  W.Soiiter. 
I-'irst  ( 'oi'jioral     I  )a\  id  Liitnei-. 
Second  Cor])oral     Harnian  \Vhileinan. 
Third  Corporal     W.  II.  Carlisle. 


Samuel  Hctts. 

Nicholas   Liebe. 

i  icoi^-e  Strassbaiijjli. 

C.   J.    llool. 

Fred.  I.  an. 

(  F  ideoll    Leit  lier. 

I  >an.  Vollmei  . 

lleiin    Keppel. 

(  rci  ii'^'e  Sch\\  art/miliei 

William   HideiiMiii  . 

Leo  Liehel. 

Pierre  Lahr. 

Varoii  HUM-. 

Fphraim  Sohn. 

I  lenr\  (  irat't'. 

Melkiah  Martin. 

N  i  ch  i  ila>  K  irch. 

Joseph  Hoehlei. 

P.  C.  Schi  i-kel. 

Jacob  Flaii-Jier.  Jr.. 

Nathan  <  'ad\\  alladei  . 

W.  II.  Smith. 

Nicholas  Cornel)  . 

Daniel  Millei  . 

.lame.  Dildin--. 

.lame.  A  .  Sohn. 

I-'reilei'ick    Holler. 

John  1.  ra.lv  . 

Jacob  Miller. 

John  M.  |J.  Carey. 

M\  rot,  1  1  .  Forbiish. 

1  >a\  id    Lebal  . 

Samuel  I  >o\\  ne\  . 

Fdm.  MM  !    K  inne\  . 

Samuel  Shaiill  . 

John  Millerueis. 

M.  Ili-ime^v  . 

I'elix   Heck. 

John  Mackleld. 

<>Hlo    Mil.  I  1  IA 


L»-vi 

Kellel. 

.1. 

. 

Lei 

'!>. 

Mi 

riia. 

•1   1. 

alii 

A  lull 

eu    Km-li. 

Mi 

ae! 

Miller. 

Samue 

1  1.. 

•ilm 

•I  . 

Kii\\  al'l    <    «»ikrll\  .                      I.eMl^e    W.    /.el^'lel.                  .l"!l!l    1  1  "e||  I  !r_'  . 

.lolm 

II.  Six. 

Ni 

.•in 

•  las 

Miller. 

i  ,. 

•III-. 

;, 

•   Ne 

\\1.: 

ili::e 

1  >an  :. 

•1     iM.slel. 

II. 

•nr 

>    N' 

ill--!. 

i; 

,|.e 

• 

el  . 

William   Klinur'-i. 

i  .1 

•••p. 

;,-  > 

i-lllel  let  . 

HI 

lam 

Me 

i.-li; 

int. 

Martin  1  1'nisiiiaii                 .J<»c] 

•  h  > 

alnl«T>. 

\\ 

.  i; 

Mel 

rha 

nt. 

i;.  i.. 

I)iinl>  . 

i  .*• 

"!': 

'<•  >i 

•llelt. 

I'r 

i-.i. 

lien 

I/.. 

.l.ilm 

Kline. 

.1.' 

K  n 

i>tt. 

Ki 

•i 

-  \\ 

a-i 

iel. 

.lulm 

A.  Yomi'j;. 

W 

tin 

.InllliSMll. 

.I.i 

( 

'niii'tli. 

I>.  II 

.  Dil.line. 

W 

am 

(  »-le. 

\\ 

.  A 

>u  . 

•it/i 

•1  . 

Anlli 

<>li\    Kueblel. 

K. 

<.. 

!'..> 

\\  e. 

Hi 

iberl  Sh..rts. 

Mirliat-1  l-'it/patrick.  I'dt-r  l\iiiLr>ffl. 

Nicholas  I',..  \\»T. 

The  <'>m[Kin\  orguni/cil  on  the  loth  oi  Mur<  h.  1^51.  .ui«l  >cr\c«l  out 
ii>  time. 

\\  li;lc  on  the  ^ubicct  ot  "  indcpcnilcnt  comiKinics,"  it  may  he  well  to 
remark  that  >im  e  the  war  of  the  rebellion  two  independent  companies 
have  been  or:_:ani/ed  in  Titlin.  vi/.: 

I  1!  I     TIM  IN    I  li.H  I      i  ,1'AKI  >>. 

\\lui  ha\e  ^er\'ed  out  their  time  and  disbanded,  and  tlie 

III  I  IN     /<  '!    A\  I  S. 

\\'lio  are  -till  in  existence.      '1'liey    were    both  -mail  <t>mj.anie-«  but  well 
dnlied. 

Otto  !'.  Miyder  wa>  the  la>t  captain  of  the  Tit'tin  I.i.^ht  Criard>.  and. 
1  j  i  1  epjter  i-  the  captain  ot  the  /oua\e->. 

dim  i  Mil  1  1  1.\. 

1  he  -\-~tein  and  the  laws  reLful.itin^  the  militia  »t  (  )hio  j:rcw  out  o! 
t!ie  i  uiidition  »f  thin.;-  -'irroundin^  the  settlers  when  the  >tate  of  (  >\\n> 
\\  a^  in  iier  intam  y  . 

1  'he  trontier>man  was  net  e-^^arily  a  .i^od  marksman  and  the  rifle  wa- 
one  i'!  the  iiM^t  indi^pe!i--ible  implements  oi  a  Iroiitier  liome  The  war 
•if  thi-  revulution  and  the  wai'  oi  i  -.  i  j  \\ere  ton.;!'.!  \\ith  militia,  \\lio 


neer> 


thoujlit  of  and  should  not  be  tho'i^ht  o|  an\where  'I'h.e 
embrai  ed  the  doctrine  that  "  (lod  helps  those  that  lielp  'iiem-el\e-. 
Seh  reliant  e  i-  the  main  -pnn^  oi  -m  i  es-  at  all  tune-  and  e\ery\\here. 
'['lie  e.irl\  stati'-nu-n  laid  ilo\\n  the  doctrine  that  a  well  regulated 
mili'i.i  wa-  '.he  -atet\  oi  'he  -'.ate  Heine  i.i\\-  \\eic  pa--ed  tor  ;iie 
li-!;iu  •'!  .i'1-  ali'e  bo.lied  white  male  inhabitant-  b\  an  otti.  er  who  ua- 
<  ailed  L  ':-•'•]  '  I'he  -late  \\  t-  di\:ded  into  di-tia  ;-  and  di\  ;-ion-. 
and  i.'imbered.  wi'h.  a  maior  general,  and  -•:!>  •:. \nh-d  into  bri^.iiie--. 


4^0  HISTORY    01-     SF.NKCA    COUNTY. 

\vith  a  brigadier-general  in  each.  The  brigade  districts  were  again 
-ub-divided  into  regimental  districts  and  company  districts.  In  time 
nf  need  the  militia  was  easily  rendezvoused  and  each  man  knew  the 
rompanv.  regiment,  brigade  and  division  he  belonged  to.  Company 
muster  was  held  in  August  and  regimental  muster  in  September  of  each 
year.  (  >n  these  muster  days  the  officers  were  elected.  The  rank  and 
tile  elected  their  captains  and  lieutenants,  and  these  the  higher  officers 
and  so  on.  The  elections  of  all  commissioned  officers  were  certified 
up  to  the  governor,  who  t  as  now),  was  the  commander-in-chief.  and 
issued  the  commissions  accordingly. 

Thus  the  "  army  of  ( >hio  "  was  organized,  and  it  was  no  small  affair 
to  be  a  captain,  major,  colonel,  or  general.  1'eple  took  great  pride  in 
military  affairs  and  it  was  considered  a  mark  of  honor  and  distinction 
to  be  a  military  officer  and  in  the  line  ot  promotion.  There  was  as 
much  electioneering  on  those  muster  days  for  a  captaincy,  or  to  be- 
come a  colonel  as  there  is  now-a-days  in  the  race  for  an  office  in  civil 
life. 

The  muster  days  were  regarded  as  days  ot  tun  and  trolic.  The  hotel 
keepers  and  gingerbread  shops  made  the  most  out  of  them.  The  men 
were  ordered  out  on  parade,  "  uniformed,  armed  and  equipped  as  the 
law  directs:"  but  the  state  furnished  no  arms  and  the  men  had  no 
uniforms.  There  was  no  need  of  a  uniform  for  onlv  two  days'  drill 
during  the  year,  and  officers  being  changed  so  often,  refused  to  uniform 
on  account  of  the  expense.  Everybody,  therefore,  appeared  on  parade 
in  citi/.ens'  clothes  and  just  in  such  dress  as  was  convenient  to  each. 
Some  dressed  in  the  best  they  had  and  others  came  just  as  they  left 
their  work.  The  larger  number  were  in  ''  homespun,"  colored  with 
bark.  It  was  both  convenient  and  usual  to  pull  the  boots  over  the 
pants  and  wear  linsey-woolsey  wammuses,  the  corners  tied  into  a  knot 
in  front.  Some  had  fur  caps  on.  others  straw  hats  or  slouch  hats:  no 
two  were  dressed  alike.  Standing  in  line  or  marching,  the  men  swung 
their  arms,  laughed,  talked,  looked  about  and  generally  did  as  they 
pleased.  If  the  captain  scolded  or  undertook  to  be  strict  in  his  disci- 
pline, they  would  elect  another  man  next  time.  Those  who  had  no 
_r'in-  would  borrow  a  piece  for  the  occasion,  or  use  any  stick  or  corn- 
stalk as  a  substitute  for  a  gun,  for  there  was  no  time  for  going  through 
the  manual  or  firing  exercises.  The  captain  himself,  having  no  knowl- 
edge of  military  tactics,  could  give  no  instructions,  and  the  whole  day 
was  spent  ;n  inarching  around,  forming  line,  calling  the  roll,  electing 
ottn  er-.  drinking,  (arousing  and  fighting.  It  was  customary  to  have 
-cveral  fights  nt  fisticuffs  on  every  muster  day. 


Ill  1X4.:  Dr.  Charles  Heilhars.  a  denti-t,  was  elec  ted  captain  <>i'a 
I  ittin  company,  and  having  no  military  experience,  was  very  innocent 
in  hi-.  new  position.  After  dinner  he  took  charge  of  his  company  and 
marched  up  and  down  the  street  several  times  and  the  men  got  tired 
<>:  walking  so  much.  The  captain  had  a  loin;,  (  avalry  sword.  whi<  h  he 
leaned  against  his  right  shoulder,  and  man  hcd  at  the  he. id  of  his  (  om- 
'•any  in  single  file.  One  time  the  t  aptain  and  h:s  drummer  turned 
.nto  Market  street,  marching  east,  and  when  he  rea<  hed  the  alies'  east 

•  'I  the  court  house  he  looked  !>a<  k.  and.  to  his  great  surprise,  his  whole- 

•  >mpan\    was    m>ne.      They    had    all    "skirmished"    and    could    not    he 
'•allied  again  that  da\  . 

A  _Miod  story  is  told  of  a  man  who  had  been  a  standing  (  ,ind:date 
tor  t  aptain  several  years,  and  tm.illv  one  moriiMi^  ou  i  mus-.er  day 
succeeded. by  treating  all  the  boys.  1  Ie  !>  >u_;ht  the  out  _;o:n_'  <  ip'ain's 

'.i//v</.v.  sword  and  < oat,  put  them  on.  and  at  noon  recess  wen;  home 
to  tell  his  wile  and  exhibit  himselt  to  her  in  "war  pain'."  U'hiie  his 
wile  was  busily  engaged  preparing  dinner,  the  <  aptain  employed  tin- 
nine  by  drilling  himsell  on  the  porch.  giving  word-,  ot  <  ommand  very 
strong.  There  was  a  trap  door  in  the  porch  floor  leading  to  the  cellar 
below,  and  the  wile,  in  her  hurry  to  get  dinner,  running  up  and  down 
the  cellar  stairs,  left  the  trapdoor  open.  The  captain,  full  of  war.  paid 
no  attention  to  the  cellar  way.  Now  he  gave  the  command:  "Com- 
pany, three  paces  to  the  rear  —  march"'  and  in  the  execution  of  tin- 
command,  he  lell  into  the  cellar.  His  wile  heard  the  rai  ket,  ran  to  his 

issuance,  and    helped    him    up   on    to    the    porch    again.      She  brushed 
him  oil    ni.-ely  and  consoled    him    on  his  luck\   escape.  h.umg  no  bones 
broken  and  all  that.  and.    when    "  Richard  was  him-el!  again."  the  i  ap 
tain    straiLjhtened    up.    looked    over    his   shoulder    at    his    wife,    and    e\- 

iaimed  in  a  loud  voice,  "  Sal.  what  in  h      11  do    you  know  about  war' 
When  the  new  constitution    was    adopted,  the    legislature  made  m.u>\ 
i  han^es  in  the  militia  s\  stem  oi    (  >h.io.  ami  the    old  "  <  on; -talk  muster" 
was  "  done     iway    with."      The    system    .  >f   the  "  National   (  luards  "  was 
'.hen  'naujuratc-d  and  is  now  m  vogue. 

\nd    is    not    tin-    idea    ol      "well   regulated,    militia  "      tin-     best     m.h- 
Mrv     s\-s»ein    alter    all?      Look    at    your    standing    arm\     oi 
i-onsumers  that  eat  out  the  substance  of  the  people,  and  i  rush  o> 

iberties  \\  ;i:  the  world  never  learn  the  fa<  t.  that  tin-  tree  of 
i  anno!  _row  ;n  a  soii  that  trembles  under  the  iron  hei^l  "!  tin-  s 
The  ilis',, r\  "t  our  ..wu  wars  has  established  the  t.n  t.  that  the 

s  the  best  standing  arms'  in  time    "!    need,  aiui    the  onl\   s'.md'.n. 
that   :-  i  oinpatible  \\i;h  a  Republic  an  torm  of   _>  .\  ernment. 


4^2  HISTORY    OF    SKNECA    COUNTY. 

War  seems  to  he  the  normal  condition  of  man,  anyway,  and  our 
people  are  perfectly  imbued  with  this  idea.  ( )ur  \\ar  amongst  the  states 
lias  proven  to  the  world  that  men  can  leave  their  farms,  their  shops, 
stores,  factories  and  offices,  and  in  a  few  short  weeks  of  drilling,  make 
valiant  soldiers  with  an  easier  mobility,  in  larger  or  smaller  bodies,  than 
the  >tiff.  garrisoned  drones  of  a  standing  army,  with  its  endless  red 
tape. 

Let  those  who  talk  of  a  strong,  centralixed,  brilliant  government, 
backed  and  upheld  by  bayonets,  look  over  the  following  tables,  and  if 
they  are  Americans,  blush: 

KIN(;>     AND    IIAYONKTS. 

This  table  shows  the  daily  pay  of  some  of  the  crowned  heads  of 
Europe: 

The  ( '/ar Si'o.ouo     The  Kmpemr  of  ( iermany .-S.IMIO 

The  Sultan l.s.ooo     The  King  of  Italy i>.4iHi 

The  Kmperor  of  Austria UUMMI    The  King  of  Belgium l.i;4.x 

THIC  AKMIKS   OF    KI'IIOIM-:    ON    A   I'KACK  FooTINO. 

M'U.  Mm. 

Kussia 447.:;7n    Turkey I:;I).IHMI 

France 44'i.±M     Swit/erland lilti.uTT 

<ierman\ 41vs;Jl     Spain !il.4i»n 

Austria Jiiit.'iTT     Belgium 4'i.:!.".:; 

< treat  Britain ^^.'.iL'4 

Total J.oOii.i^.') 

The  reserves,  the  militia  and  irregular  troops  are  not  included  in  the 
above  numbers.  I-'rom  the  Cincinnati  J-.ihjiiirer  of  May  15.  1880.  J 
take  the  following  notice  of  the  proceedings  in  the  German  diet: 

A  Urrlin  dispatch  says:   \Vhrn  all  the  new  formations,  planned  and  worked 

out  in  their  minutest  details  by  the  (.ermaii  war  ministry,  are  completed,  the 
tntal  >trengtli  of  the  ami)  will'exceed  two  millions  of  men. 

German}'  alone,  remember. 

The  annual  appropriations  for  this  consuming  host  from  the  ex- 
chequers ot  these  states,  respectively,  run  into  many  millions:  thus: 

!>'  us>ia sliJT. i>'.i. 4:;">  (ireat    Uritain s.^O.^-V.t.o.-,^ 

l-'ranre 1  lo..")s7.^")J  Turkey L.'.'!.l •;:;.!".'.") 

(ieniian\ s]  ..").").",.< ts-,  Switxerland il.i'J1. '.>;;:; 

A  nutria ii").s.",ii.!i).i  Spain L.'l.4i!^..'!^l 

Hah :;!..",71.:;l7  UelLrium s.-jiL'.L'47 

Makiiig  an  average  ot  ^224  tor  eadi  man  per  year. 
The  average  of  the  daily  salary  of  the  president  of  the  United  State> 
"t  Amer:'  a-    "i  58  —  looks  small  in  comparison,  but   the  annual  expense 


CNIIKli    MA1KSARMY.  453 

ot  our  standing  army   ol'  .'5,000 — $  59,000.000 — average  $1.500  per  man 
tor  ea«  h  year.     Costly  gentlemen,   the-.e. 

And  Kurope  is  the  country  were  bayonet-,  and  bibles  have  been 
<  her;-.hed  tor  many  ceiiturie--.  Standing  armic>.  <  ru-h  the  ma-->c-.  troin 
whom  they  arc  drawn,  to  the  earth,  into  poverty,  degradation,  ^tarva- 
tinii  and  ra_4-.,  and  arc  kept  up  to  <  tit  the  thn>at>  oi  tlu-ir  lellow  men  in 
i  hn->tian  lands.  \Vhat  a  fctunncntary  "U  chri^tian  ^o\  cr;iment>.  What 
a  nc  and  burle-»jue  mi  th«-  bc.iutitul  .uid  glorious  gospel  <>t  |c-u->  <  hn^t. 


CHAPTER   XXVII. 

SENECA  COUNTY  IN  THE  WAR  OF  THE  REBELLION. 


THIS  is  not  the  place  to  look  for  a  relation  of  events  that  preceded 
the  war  of  the  rebellion,  nor  for  the  immediate  cause.  No 
opinions  shall  be  expressed  on  its  political  aspect;  nothing  shall  be  said 
on  the  manner  in  which  it  was  conducted.  It  is  enough  to  say  here, 
that  when  Fort  Sampler  was  fired  upon,  people  were  filled  with  awe. 
and  a  sadness  inexplicable,  pervaded  the  minds  of  all  thinking,  patriotic 
men.  Old  Seneca  stood  by  Abraham  Lincoln,  and  more  than  one 
thousand  five  hundred  men  left  the  charms  and  endearments  of  home 
and  bore  their  breasts  to  the  storm  of  war. 

'The  first  company  thai  was  raised  in  this  county  was  Co.  A,  8th  reg- 
iment. <  ).  V.  I. 

Captain     A.  II.  \Vinslo\v.     1'roninied  i<>  major  December.  1M>1. 

Fir>t  Lieutenant  15.  F.  ( )yle.  Promoted  to  captain  December.  Isnl.  He- 
signed  1  >ecember.  1S)'>_. 

Second  Lieuti -nant -  -( '.  \\  .  ISarnes.  Died  from  wounds  received  in  the 
battle  of  . \nteitain  September  17.  Isr.u. 

Sergeants: 

First  —  A.  II.  livers.     Discharged  for  disability. 

Second— . I.  M.  Henry.     Discharged  for  disability. 

Third— .1.  C.  Kipka.     Killed  in  the  battle  of  Gettysburg.  July  :i.  lsi«. 

Fourth--. I.  \Veidmaii. 

Fifth    D.  .1.  (ioodsell.  Jr.     Killed  in  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  July  2. 1S(>:<. 

( 'orporals: 

Firsl  -  ( ieorire  15;iugher.     I  Msehanred  for  disability. 

Second     J.  N.  Travis.     Promoted  to  I'd  lieutenant  November  7.  ISHi'. 

Thin!     F.  McP.ride. 

I-'oiirtli     S.  F.  Poorman.     Transferred  to  I'nited  States  hospital. 

Fifth     !'.  J.   Hosslei. 

Sixth      D.  Troxell. 

Seventh     !•'.  Xeely.     Discharged  for  disability  . 

FiLtliih    < ).  MrCormack.     Died  in  hospital  at  C'ulpepper,  October,  ISIM. 

Privates: 

I..  D    Aino|«|.     Transferreil  to  nth  I  "nited  Slatt  s  cavalrv. 


Sl'H     KKl.lMKN  1    0.   V     1.  455 

<'.  A.  Adani>.     I>ied  in  hospital  at  Washington.  NovemU-i .  l>v»J. 

N .   Hackns. 

<i.  i'.akei. 

1..  I  Jan;:.     I  >iscliartr»'il  fur  <li>al>ilit\ . 

I>.  l'>arnhart..li.     Discharged  f»r  di>alulit\ . 

t..  W.  Heard.     Transferred  in  invalid  corps. 

.!.  II.  Heat).      Killed  Mas  1'J.  !•»,;.  in  tin-  l.altl.-  neai    >|..>tt>>  Ivania. 

11.  Bloom.     Transferred  to  I  'nib-, I  Mat«-->  >«Tvir«'. 

N..1.  !;ramlf!>frr\.     I  Hr-diai  -«•  1  l'"i  <!i^tl>ilit>  . 

.1.  I'.raii'li'lu'ri'y.     Mis-^iim:  Mipjiox-ii  l"  lia\  «•  <lcs<Ttf«l 

(,.  \\  .  lirrMH. 

II .  I'.rt-iin-i . 

(   I   .      Ill   M\\    11. 

.1.  I,.  ( 'amp.    1  >i>diai  Lr''il  t'ui  •  ilhahilit  >  t'n>ni  \vmi  in  l>  r«-i-fi\  IM|  at  \\ '  ini-!n-^t»-i 
.1.  \\  .  •  'anai'\ . 
!•'.  N.  C..|\\«-ll. 
A.  1>.  <  ..hvi-ll. 

I'liilip   Di. -lil. 

A.  .1.  I  til.  I  inc.     Killdl  in  I  lie  halt  lc  nt  ( ,ctt  \  -Imi^.  .1  nl\  '•'•.  I  *>'•:;. 

S.  II.  Dil.lin.-. 

M.  1 1.  .uil.      I  tic.  I  in  li.i>|utal  a  I  ( .  laltmi.  \'irurinia.  Sc|itcmlici  .  l-'.l 

I'..  A.  I'.iliiic^l.M-k.      I  >i-,.-liai-'_;cil    |. >\  ili^a! lilil \  . 

.1.     l-'cll. 

A  .  I-'.'! '  iic\ 

.!.  N.  ( .ict  n. 

T.  .!.  <  ii  ioc,     Mi^sini:':   >ii|i|M'>cil   tu  have  liccn  captuicil   at   the  battle  in 

Ilie   \Vil.lelIIOS. 

D.  «;ro». 
II.    llarlian-h. 

\\illiam  \V.  llathaua).      1  )iM-ha!'irc'l  l'.>r  ili>aliilit> . 

II.  1  Ici^^'-i -nian.     I HscliarLTed  for  ilisaliilit)  truin  wniimls  recei\ t-i|  Itereiu- 
I.er  I:'..  l-.J. 

.1.  A.  l|.>i'\cr.     Dischai-.u-cil  I'm  ili>aliilit\ . 

Philip  .1 . 'I m -M>n.     I  t'lM-haru'e'l  t'nr  ilisal>ilit\ . 

I-!.  .Imics.      llicil  tYi'in  wounds  received  at  (.etl)>linm. 

.1.  K.    Kci'shner. 

A.  II.  Kietler.     Discharged   for  disaliilit). 

( '.  I.ainp^in.  .1 1 . 

II.  I.,  l.anirdon. 

.1.  It.  Lewis. 

.1.  1',.  l.!Lrlitcap.     Tran^feiTed  to  tith  I '.  S.  ca\  alr\ . 

M .  11.  Linn.     I  >ied  in  hospital,  at  ( irafton.  N'irL'inia.  Se|>teinl>ei .  l^.,i . 

.1    U  .  Loim. 

!I.  Low. 

A.  K.  Miller. 

S.  II.  Martin.      ItiM-harucd  for  di>nl>ilit> . 

Win.  L.  M\ei>.      ItiM'liar-cd  for  disalulit\ . 

\Vni.  M\er>.      I  >i^chari,rcd  mi  account    of    \\oiiipU    received  at  <i*-ttyshun;. 
.luh  ...  1-..:. 


45  <> 


HISTORY    OF    SENECA    COUNTY. 


C.  T.  Xaylor. 

\Vni.   Xuson. 

.Joseph  Xuson. 

.1.  II.  Nichols. 

A.  -I.  <  >rme.     Transferred  to  fith  I".  S.  cavalry. 

A.  1'almcr. 

\\"MI.  II.  I'ockmyer.  Discharged  for  disability  from  wounds  received  at 
Anteitaiii.  September  l:!.  1*»'J. 

.1.  .1.  Kaiidi.      Killed  in  the  battle  of  ( iett\ -shiiri;.  -July  :>.  1st;.",. 

Charles  Koiich.      Died  in  the  hospital  at  Oakland.  September.  1MU. 

II.  II.  Kay. 

.1.  Redd.     Discharged  for  disability. 

Win.  I'.  Richardson.     Killed  at  Anteitaiii.  September  17.  IM'.IJ. 

A.  Sliert/.beixr.     Discharged  for  disability. 

A.  Shreiner. 

( 'harles  Seewald.  Died  in  hospital  at  Washington  from  wounds  received 
at  ( iettysbur^.  .Inly  :'>.  1st;:;. 

M.  Slart. 

S.  C.  Sloat.     Transfei-red  to   Invalid  corps. 


I..  Snover.     Appointeil  connuissary  sergeant. 
.].  W.  Snyder. 
.!.  II.  Sopher. 

( 'harles  Sener. 
1'.  Sinner. 
Abel  Swalley. 

.1.  Teach.     Discharged  for  disabilit\. 
II.  (..  Tlinrwaecliter.      Discharged  for  disability. 
N.  Watcla-r. 
L.  Watcher. 

•I.  Waslmich.      Killed  before  Peterslmru'. 
D.  <-.  Watson. 

(,.  W.  White.     Discharged  for  disability.  • 

D.  Vunker.     Killed  at  Anteitaiii.  September  17.  IN;::. 
W.  II.  Haas. 

-.  /.  r>»-ams.     Dix-har.^ed    for   disability    from  wounds    received  while  on 
picket  duty  at  RomiH-y. 

'\'h\^  rcL,'iiiK-nt  had  a  Moody  history,  and  covered  itself  all  over  with 
_J'  >ry. 

It  enlisted  under  the  ilrst  rail  of  the  president,  between  the  i6th  and 
jjdday>  ofApril,  i  Sn  i .  and  all  arrived  at  Camj)  Taylor,  at  Cleveland, 
(•hit).  April  _'oth.  The  regiment  was  at  Komney,  Hanging  Rock,  Illue 
(•ap.  lUoomey  (lap.  Ceiler  Creek.  Strasburi,'.  Winchester,  Kront  Royal, 
Malvern  liiil.  (iermantown.  I-'airfax  C.  II..  South  Mountain,  Anteitum. 
Hoonsboro,  Keed\  ville.  I  .eesburg.  1 1  nil  town.  Snicker's  (iiijj,  United  States 
i;ord.  l-"redcrir:ksbnrL,r,  Chancellorsville.  ( iettvsburLT.  Auburn.  Hristow. 


49'' H  KtdlMKN  l   u.  v.  I.  45 


Robinson's    Cross    Ku.id>.    Locust    drove,    Mine    Run,    Morton's    Kord. 
Wilderness,     Spottsylvania    C.     11..     Petersburg,     North     Ann.i.     Cold 


arbor 


The  regiment  was  mustered   out    the    i^th  of  July,  i>o.;.  by   Captain 

Uoudas., 

I  .mi  indebted  to  my  friend  And\  >hr:ner,  of  'hum.  lor  the  minutes 
•  >!  ,  i. ni|. any  "  A."  in  this  regiment. 

l'he  ;<ith.  ;5th.  1:1-1  an«l  i  j  ;  regiments  (  ).  \  .  ]  .  -,\crc  or^an;/cil 
::i  \}\:-  (ouiit).  an<i  llic  namo  o!  the  ottKers  ..i  <-ai  h  \v:h  lien-  In- 
_  :\  en 

\-:.ilc  iV'iin  :!if>e  i ir^-ani/ation-,,  verv  many  m.-n  trom  Seneca  rounty 
e'itere«l  the  service  ami  iouied  regiments  making  up  out-i«ie  of  this 
military  tlistrit  t.  Some  joineil  (,'o!onel  H»'i-emve:n'-.  ;--t!i.  i^rmin^at 
(  'oi:iiii!>us.  I'aptain  I'luiij-  1  aulhaber  or^'ani/.ei!  a  i  oinj-anv.  witli  \vhi«  h 
|o;neil  ( 'oloiiel  Munjen'--  ;;th.  A  :;ooii!\-  numiier  . >t"  men  joiiii.-il 
i  i. lone!  1'>U(  kland's  ;jdat  I  remont.  Colonel  Louis  /ahm'>  ;•!  <>ino 
<  j\a'r\  '.va>  joined  l>\  many  men  trom  Seneca,  and  when  ('olniiel 
>era]'liiin  Myer>  raided  the  1 071)1  ( ierman  regiment,  at  (  le\  eland,  many 
1'iiiu-d  ir^m  here.  Some  also  entered  the  naval  servile:  ><»  that  in 
ever\  department  ot' the  service  Seneca  county  \va-  represented. 


The  4<>th  was  or^ani/ed  at  Tittin  under  special  authority  from  the 
-eeretan  of  war.  It  started  trom  ('amp  Noble,  near  Tittin  the  old 
a;r  _;rouiids  •,  to  Cam;>  I  )eii  nisoii.  the  i  cth  ot  September,  i  ^<>  i .  It  was 
'iie  first  or_;ani/ed  regiment  that  entered  Kentuc  kv.  The  bov>  w.il 
ilways  rememiier  M  umtord-\  ,ile.  l'iti>buru  1  ainlinj  where  Colonel 
Ciibsoii  i  i  iinmaiided  the  brigade*,  Corinth.  l'>tid_e'->  ('reek.  l-rankfort. 
i  iwrcncebnrL!.  1  >o_  \\'alk.  Nashville,  N'olinsviiie  Turnpike,  M'iitree- 

:'o.    \,i-!'.\iiie    Turnpikt.-.     I.;bert\    (iap.  Chattanooga,    <  'liickamau^a. 
'  >rt  hard    Kno'i.    Mis-ion    Rid^e.     Kn«ixville.    halton.     Re-at  a.     hall. is. 
Ke::esaw  Moin'am,  ( 'liattahooc  liie   River.  Atlanta.    Imiesboro.  I.ovejo) 
~-'    •.'•![.   1  rankl.n       Alter  a  severe    mart  h    thro'i^h     1'ex.is.  :t    \\\is    m  i-- 
out  at  \  it  torn   November    ;-th.    iSo;.       The  whole  nt;mber  in   tlu 
••_  men:  was   i.;5_'.    oi    whom    nineteen    were    born  in   Kurope.      I'.i^ht 
ii.'ii'.u's  were    killed    in    battle,    and  twentv    wounded,  six    mortally.      <  M 
,  .1!  t.  -,  «ne  hundred  and  I  went  y  -e\  en  were  killed  .  n  battle,  se\  entv 

:  w.ef;-  mortally  woui:<ted,  sixty  li\e  died  trom  hartKhip  iind  disease, 
ainl  -e\en  perished  in  prisons  at  I  >an\  ille  and.  Ainiersonville:  six 
hundre'l  and  -;x!een  wi-re  discharged  mi  account  of  wountU  ami 
-;t  k  1 1  e  s  s . 


HISTORY    OF    SENECA    COUNTY. 


lone 


OKKICKKS   OK   THE   4i»TH    KKOIMKXT. 

ls  -W.  II.  Gibson.  .Joseph  II.  Bartlett. 


LlKl'TKN  A  N  1  -(  (  >L<  (N'KL;- 

A.  M.  Blackmail. 
Levi  Drake. 
Ben.j.  S.  Porter. 
Samuel  F.  ( ira\ . 
Luther  M.  Strong. 
Joseph  R.  Bartlett. 
Milton  F.  Miles. 


•Mii-vons-  Robert  \V.  Thrift. 
Assistant  Surgeons—  W.  II.  Park.  II 
Chaplains     Krotns  II.  Hush.  (.eorge 
(  'upturns: 

Lyman  W.  .Mow. 

•John  !•].  Mc(  'onnac 

.Morris  ('.  Tyler. 

•Jolin  (  riven. 

Hiram  Chance. 

Daniel  Ilartsock. 

Samuel  M.    1  larper. 

•John  L.  Hollopeter. 

.1.  Kessler. 

(,  eorge  W.   Pool. 

Thomas  .J.  Ra\  . 


MAJORS. 

Levi  Drake. 
P>enj.  S.  Porter. 
Samuel  F.  (iray, 
Luther  M.  Strong. 
•Joseph  H.  Bartlett. 
.Milton  F.  Miles. 
•J.  Kessler. 
(  ;eorge  W.  Pool. 
H.   Park. 

P>.  Lun 

.  Phili 


S.  A.  Smith.  S.  II.  Spencer, 


A.  Langworth)  . 
Itt-nj.  S.  Porter. 
Amo>  Keller. 
i  icoru'c  \V.  (  'nlvei  . 
Nathan  (  'allihan. 
.l..>e  pli  1!.    IJartlett 
Luther  M 
(  trrin 


Sti'on.ir. 
!.  Ila\es. 

K.  Lovejox  . 
M.  Patterson. 
l  F.  (  <ra\  . 

oster. 

I.icutL'iiants: 
t  'liarles  A.   Norton. 
Samuel  F.  <  ira>  . 
.John  I-!.  Mc<  'ormack. 
Aaron  II.  Keller. 
•Jacoli  Mosier. 
Jonas  Foster. 
Morri>  (  '.  Tyler. 
I  >aniel  Ilartsock. 
Hiram  (  'hance. 
Alon/.o  F.  Prentice. 
William  C.  Turner. 
.James  \V.  I  )a\  idson. 
William  Martin. 
Most-s  Alil'ott. 
C.  \\\   Drake. 
.John  (  i  re»-n. 
.Inhn  I..  IInllii  peter. 
.John  Kessler. 
Samuel  M  .  I  !  arper. 
Milton  F.  Miles. 


Henry  A.  Spaythe. 
•lames  A.   Redman. 
Milton  Cow.uill. 
Shei>]iard  (ireen. 
.Jacob  <\  Miller. 
Theodore  C.  Pero. 
(ieoruje  W.  Pool. 
Thomas  .1.  Ray. 
•James  K\vin,ur. 
Isaac  H.  Wliite. 
John  ( '.  Ramsey. 
Jacob  Herr. 
John  (.lick. 
Silas  \\ .  Simons. 
Charles  Wallace. 
( teon,re  S.  ( 'rawford. 
D \vitfht  R.'Cook. 
Francis  H.  Stewart. 
Jolm  K.  ( iibson. 


Shepherd  ( ireen. 
Theodore  ( '.   Peru. 
•James  K\viim\ 
.Jacob  llerr. 
( icoru'e  S.  ( 'ra\\  tUrd . 
D\vi-ht  H.  Cook. 
Francis  R.  Ste\\  art . 
Milton  F.  Miles. 
Nathan  L.  Lnt/.. 
Anthony   W.  Adams. 
.Jonathan  R.   Rapp. 


Nathan  L.  Lnt/. 
Daniel  M.  Full/. 
Anthony  W .  Adams. 
Jonathan  J.  Rapp. 
John  Yandenburg. 
Kd\vin  P.  Dana. 
Jacob  W.  ('line. 
John  J.  Fry. 
Charles  W.   England. 
(Jeorjre  W.  Vail, 
E/.ra  P.  Phelps. 
James  ¥.  Harper. 
•John  II .  Yarger. 
James  J.  Zint. 
Conrad  Flaugher. 
II.  II .  Fatisey. 
Caspar  Snyder. 
Franklin  H.  (ribbons. 
William  Whittacker. 


55  IH     KK.iilMKSl    II.   V.   I.  45 (.) 

Nearly  .ill  the  above  were  second  lieutenants  and  promoted. 
Colonel  (iibson  commanded  a  brigade,  bv   virtue  of  his  rank,   during 
about  two-thirds  of  his  term  of  service. 

He  is  adjutant  general  of  the  state  at  this  writing. 

IHK   55111    ".    \.    i. 

This  regiment  went  into  <  amp  at  Norwalk,  ( )h:o,  on  the  171)1  d.iv  oi 
((•toiler.  1^61.  where  it  was  kept,  wasting  tune,  until  |anuar\  251)1, 
iSoj.  when  it  was  ordered  to  liratton  and  New  Creek,  Virginia.  At 
(1  ration  the  regiment  sultered  severely  troni  me.iseU.  At  one  time 
over  tour  hundred  men  were  on  the  sick  list.  The  regiment  took  part 
in  the  following  battles.  vi/:  Mcl>o\\ell.  or  Ulue  1'astnre  Mountain. 
Cross  Ke\s,  Slaughter  Mountain,  Hull  Run.  The  regiment  arrived  at 
Chaiicellon  ille  on  the  ,;cth  o|  |anuar\.  1X0^,  \\l:ere  it  took  position  in 
the  sec  ond  brigade.  The  battle  opened  about  t"ive  o'clock  in  the  after 
noon,  the  rebels  in  strong  foree  upon  the  ri-jht.  The  nation. il  troops 
were  preparing  supper,  and  no  stouts  had  been  sent  out.  hem  e  the 
attack  w.is  a  surprise.  Tlie  first  regiment  on  the  extreme  ri^lit  had 
three  h'indred  and  fit'ty  ^uiis  stacked,  and  upon  the  first  tire  from  the 
rebels,  this  re_inient  fell  upon  the  second,  and  they  not  beini;  able  to 
stand  the  lire,  fell  back  aUo.  The  remainder  of  the  brigade  aUo  re- 
treated to  the  lett.  Regiment  alter  regiment  was  compelled  to  fall  back. 
including  the  55th.  The  retreat  became  general,  and  was  only  checked 
by  the  darkness  of  the  ni^ht.  In  this  en^a_;ement  the  551)1  lost  one 
hundred  and  three  men  killed,  wounded  and  missing. 

This  regiment  was  also  present  at  ( iettvsburg,  where  it  lost  about 
fifty  men.  and  at  Chattanooga.  (  )n  the  i  si  of  lanuary,  1X04,  the  re.u:- 
ment  re-enlisted  with  three  hundred  and  ninety  men,  and  re-assembled 
•  MI  the  j.'d  of  l''ebruary.  It  then  participated  in  all  the  battles  of  the 
_:cth  corps.  At  the  battle  of  Resaca  it  lost  ninety  men.  May  151)1.  It 
was  at  I>alhis.  Cassville.  New  HopeChurcli,  Marietta  and  Kenesaw.  It 
was  at  Atlanta,  and  at  Smith's  Farm.  The  regiment  was  mustered  out 
at  I  .o'lisvi'ile,  Kentucky,  on  the  iith  ot  |ulv.  I'uriiiL;  its  service  this 
regiment  enrolled  one  thousand  three  hundred  and  titty  men.  of  whom 
seven  hundred  and  tilty  were  either  killed  or  wounded  in  battle.  Ki^hl 
oftii  ers  were  killed  or  died  of  wounds. 


460 


HISTORY    OK    SENECA    COUNTY. 


Colonels--.).  C.  Lee.  Charles  15.  (Jambee.  Edwin  II.  Towers. 


I.I  HI    1  KN  AN  T-rol.c>NKLS. 

( ieoru'e  II.  Sal't'onl. 
<  'harles  15.  ( .anibre. 
.lames  M.  Stevens. 
Fdwin  1 1 .  Towers. 
Charles  T.  Wiekham. 


MAJORS. 

.John  C.  Lee. 
Daniel  F.  DeWolf. 
Charles  T>.  < ianiltee. 
James  M.  Stevens. 
Rndolphus  Robhins. 
Charles  F.  \Virkham. 
'Hartwell  Oshorn. 


Surgeons     .).  KlilltT.  Joseph   Ilehhle. 

Assistant    Surgeons  -Henry    K.    Spooner.    J.   L.   Morris.    Joseph   Hebhle. 
James  C.  Myers. 

Chaplains     John*..  \V.Co\vles.  Alfred  Wheeler. 

( 'aptains: 

Charles  T>.  l.ambee.  Alliert  I-',.  Teek. 

Augustus  M.    T.ement.  Frank  \V.  Martin. 

I  lorat  io  M.  Shipman.  Robert  T»romley. 

I>avid  ('.  llrown.  Frank  J.  Sonter. 

Frederick  A.  \Vildman.  Charles  1).  Robhins. 


James  M.  Stevens. 
R.  Rohbins. 
I  ra  C.  Terry. 
Horace   Robinson. 
K.Iwin  II.  Towers. 
T.enj.  F.  Fldridu'e. 
Charles  T.  \Viekhaiu. 
Henry  Miller. 

I-'irst  Lieutenants: 

Robert  C.  Tenninulon.      F  raneis  C.  Morse. 
llenjamin  F.  Fldrid^e.      Hartwell  Osborn. 


I  lenry  \V.    TersiiiLT. 
Hartwell  Osborn. 

•.  II.  T.oalt. 

lolierl  \V.  Tool. 

•"raneis  1 1 .  Morse. 

Sutler  ( 'ase. 

'harles  M.  Stone. 


W.   I).  Sherwood. 
Henry  \V.   Tersin^. 
Jaeol)  Thomas. 
(  'harles  T.  \Viekham 
Rudolph  Kastman. 
HeniA    Miller. 

Albert  K.  Teek. 
Frank  \V.   Martin. 
Rieliard  \-\  Tatriek. 

Rolieil    Ul'omley. 

Ra\  m  ond  I'll  i']'. 
T.enj.  t  '.  Tabor. 
<  'harles  1).  Robbins. 
l-'rank  J.  Soiitei'. 
F.  II.    1  5.  .alt. 
I!..!).  \V.  T..ol. 


Thomas  (  )'Leary. 
T.ntler  Case. 
Charles  M.  Smith. 
( 'harles  M.  Stone. 
A.  M.  Wormley. 
Thomas  W.  Miller. 
( 'harles  M.  St illnian. 
Deiiry  II.   Moore. 
John  R.  Lowe. 
Jesse   Uowsher. 
\Vi 


Charles  M.  Smith. 
Antr.  M.  \Vormley. 
Thomas  \\".   Miller. 
Henry  II.  Mt.ore. 
John  R.  Lowe. 
Jesse    liowsher. 
William  S.   Wiekham . 
().  T..  (.ould. 
Russel   11.    T.ever. 
llenj.  F.  F\  ans. 
Joseph  1 1 .  ( .allup. 
John  II.  T.oss.  Jr.. 


Tliney  F.  \Vatson. 
Thomas  T.  Tetit. 
Adam  ( 'ramer. 
Josejih  II .( .alhi)). 
John  1 1 .  T.oss.  Jr.. 
Lewis  Teek. 
Ah  in  15.  <  'liase. 

w.  i-:.  chiids. 

W.  II.  Hessino-er. 
Henry  T..  Warren . 
Frederick  Reeser. 
James  T.  T.ovd. 


(  ).  IJ.  Could. 
Rnssel  II.  llever. 
lien.  I-'.    Lvans. 
James  T.  Jones. 
Thiletns  < '.  Lathrop. 

Most  cf  the  foreL;uinLr  were  scc<ind  lieutenants  and   promoted 


Robert   Fewson. 
Thomas  S.    Dossier. 
John  T.urkett. 
I  lenrv  J.  Telton. 


THK     I01ST    n.   V.    I.  46! 

Krie.  Huron,    Seneca.    Crawford    and    U'yandot    were    formed    into   .1 
military  district,    in    which    this    regiment  was   or_;ani/ed.      It  was  mils 
tered  into  the  service  .it  Monroeville.  on  tlu-   ?oth  of  August,  iS'u.  while 
the  writer   was   busily    cn_;a_;ed    re<  ruitm.;    the    i  -  }d    regiment,   and    the 
ic  1st  oinipyin.:  Camp   Monroc\  ulie  at  tlu-  time,    was  compelled  to  sub 
sist  tlie  troop>  on  the  lair  grounds  near  '1'illin. 

<  >n  the  4th  of  Se|)temlier  tin-  regiment  wa-  hurried  o\er  the  <  Muo  to 
Covin^ton.  Kentucky,  to  assist  in  dispelling  the  threatened  raid  o! 
Kirlu  Smith.  The  regiment  was  attached  to  Robert  H.  Mitchell's 
division.  It  was  in  the  battle  at  l'crr\  \  li'ie,  on  <  >(  tober  Nth.  ami  before 
the\  had  time  to  learn  the  manual,  but  they  bore  up  bravely.  It  wa- 
also  at  Lancaster,  Kentucky,  and  at  Nashville.  At  Knob  dap  fight  the\ 
captured  two  brnn/e  field  pi ece>, one  ol  which  had  on  the  word  "  Shiloli.' 
Tlie  regiment  beha\edlike  old  veterans,  and  deserved  ^reat  praise. 

The  loist  wa>  the  t"ir>t  regiment  to  arrive  at  the  battle  held  of  Stone 
River,  and  became  at  once  en^ra^ed  with  the  enemy's  out  po>t».  It 
was  in  the  hottest  ot  the  fiijhl.  <  han_:inu  position  six  time^  during  the 
da\ .  The  lamented  Colonel  Stem  and  Woodier  were  both  killed  on 
the  front  line  on  the  ri^ht  of  the  army,  leading  on  their  men  to  deed- 
of  daring.  The  regiment  remained  in  the  fi^ht  to  the  clo>e  ol  the 
battle.  lo>inu  -e\  en  ofticer^  and  two  hundred  and  twelve  men  killed  o: 
wounded.  All  thi-  work  ot  bra\'er\  wa^  executeil  in  le»  than  tour 
month^  iroin  the  time  the  l»oys  left  their  larm^  and  workshop-  to  or 
^ani/e  'lie  regiment.  They  were  at  Liberty  (lap.  Chattanooga.  Chi<  k 
amau:;a.  where  it  re  took  the  national  battery  from  the  enemy,  lu'htinu 
o\-er  the  L,run-  witli  clubbed  mu-ket-.  It  wa-  at  ( 'atoo-^a  Springs  aiiii 
i;u//ard'>  Roost. 

1'lie  Atlanta  i  amp.u^n  kept  th;-  poor  regiment  almost  under  constant 
lire.  The  were  at  Lranklin  aUo.  and  at  Nashville,  and  were  finally  mu- 
tered  o;;t  of  service  at  llunts\ille.  Alabama,  lunc  i?.  iSn;. 

It   >  -aid  that  at   1  ranklin.  iu-1  at  ni_;ht!all.  this  regiment  was    ordere<: 
to  re-take  an  an^le  ot  the  works    held    b\     the  enem\  .  uh:rli  it  did    wit!1, 
tlie  ba\onet.and  he'nl  the  position  until    ei^ht    o'clock   I'.     M..    notwith 
s'.,ui'l:r._  liie  rebel-  were    almo-t    within    bayonet     reach,  during    all    that 
time. 

I"1,'.-  !o:io\v;n^  were  the  <>ttii  cr-. 

('cilniifls      I  .i-;iii<lfr  Nit-in  anil  Is.i;i 

I.!  I.I     I   I.N    \  N   1     I    '  'l.i  >N  I    I.-. 
.l.-l.ll    TI-..IM-. 


462 


HISTORY    OK    SK.NKCA    COUNTY. 


Surgeon— Thomas  M.  Cook. 

Assistant  Surgeons— lieorge  T.  Vinyling.  Walter  Caswell,  Henry  F.  Lacy, 
II.  II.  Rus>ell. 
Chaplains     Oliver  Kennedy.  Frastns  M.  ( iravath. 

Captains: 

Charles  C.  Calligaii.  Lyinan  Parcher. 

Thninas  C.  Fernald.  Asa  11.  Hillier. 

Daniel   II.  Fox. 

Leonard  I).  Mnith. 

-lolni  1'.  Fleming. 

Milton  F.  Fbersole. 

Stephen  I!.  Beckwith. 

\Vin.  II.  K>'lmer. 

•John  A.  Lattimer. 

Robert  I).  Lord. 

( ieoix'e  F.  Senev. 


licilan  I!.  McDonalil. 

I  lenry  (  i.  Slielilen. 
\\'ni.  C.  ['arsons. 
Isaac  M.  Kirb\ . 
.lolm  Messer. 
Jesse  Shriver. 
Newton  M.  Barnes. 
Montgomer\   Noble. 
Franklin   Pope. 

First  Lieutenants: 
Asa  [!.  Ilillier. 
-I.  I!.  ( 'nrtis. 
Lyman  Parcher. 
<  leoi'LTc  F.  Si'iiey. 
Isaac  Anderson. 
.1.  P.  Flemiim. 
Milton  F.  Flu-rsole. 
Leonard  I  >.  Smith. 

Stephen   15.  P.eckwitll. 

Franklin  Pope. 
Piohert  (i.  Ourden. 
Koliert  Lvsle. 
Kol>ert  D.  Lord. 
Daniel  II.  Fox. 


\Vin.  X.  I  Jeer. 
15enj.  F.  Bryant. 
Henry  C.  TJigsert. 
Ira  li'.    Reed. 
Horace  I>.  Olds. 
John  F.  Neil. 
(ieori^e  \V.  Hale. 
James  M.  Hubert. 
7..  C.  Butler. 


Jacob  Xeuhart. 
\Vlii.   1 1 .   Keliner. 
Win.  X.  P.eer. 
Benj.  T.  Bryant. 
John  A.  Lattimer. 
Henry  ( '.  Tautrart . 
John  M.  Bntler. 
Ph.  T.  Kline, 
(.eor-v  \V.  Hale. 
Horace  1).  (  (Ids. 
Charles  Mc(  .raw. 
John  F.  Net'!'. 
Ira  15.  Reed. 
Alex.  C.  Hosmer. 


James  M.  Roberts. 
Flhert  J.  Sipiire. 
J.  C.  Butler. 
John  (..  Petticord. 
John  S.  Milliman. 
\Vm.  P.  .Myers. 
J.  C.  Smith. 
Jasper  F.  Webster. 
Wm.  R.  Davis. 
( )rander  J.  Benham. 
( 'harles  Most'oot. 
James  R.  Hoiner. 
John  Shnman. 
David  Allison. 


Second  lieutenants  were   nearly  all  promoted  to  first  lieutenants,  etc. 

I  2  $\  '     Kl.l  .  IM  1.  X  T     '  ).     V.     I 

Most  a'l  Ljreat  men  have  their  peculiarities,  and  Mr.  Robert!'..  Int,rer 
-nil  of  Illinois,  who  lias  made  the  Christian  world  in  America  say  many 
unpleasant  things  (.<f  him.  because  he  doesn't  want  any  hell,  is  in  the 
habit,  when  driving  a  nail  where  a  strong  point  comes  in.  ot  saying: 
"Honor  bright:  now.  be  honest."  In  the  little  >pace  that  sliall  be 
devoted  to  a  short  record  of  the  i  iy\  (  >.  Y.  1  .  I  would  say.  in  due 
deference  to  tho>e  who  have  written  or  spoken  of  this  regiment  with- 
out --uyin^  a  word  a^  to  ho\y  it  was  raised,  "honor  bright.''  gentlemen. 
When  you  undertake  to  tell  the  truth,  tell  the  whole  truth.  When  Mr. 
Whitelaw  Reid  got  up  his  "Ohio  in  the  War."  he  did  not  know,  per- 
hai'-  how  the  regiment  wa-  raised,  or  care  but  little  about  the  ;  \bor  it 


I23I)    RKi.lMKNT    '  '.   V.    I.  40  ; 

took  to  raise  it,  and  the  injustice  that  was  done  to  somebody  when  he 
said,  on  page  <>2<),  vol.  ii.:  "This  regiment  was  organi/ed  at  <;imp 
Monroeville," 

Having  taken  a  very  active  part  in  raising  this  regiment,  and  having 
been  assisted  and  sustained  in  my  work  by  the  military  committee  ot 
every  county  in  this  i  then  •  congressional  district,  and  other  14001!  men 
and  women  irom  both  political  parties,  and  having  succeeded  in  a  mo-t 
wonderful  degree,  1  have  no  apology  to  oifer  when  I  -peak  my  leei 
.ngs  on  this  subject  in  my  own  plain  way.  I  la\  ing  stated  !a<  ts  a-  '  he\ 
occurred,  the  reader  is  left  to  himself  in  lorming  com  lu-ion-. 

It  was  the  i  _'th  of  August,  i  Si.j.  when,  at  the  solicitation  of  the  mili- 
tary committee  ot  Seneca  county,  mv  good  old  in  end.  Robert  ('• .  I'enn- 
ingtoii.  and  the  writer  went  to  ('oluiubu-  to  c  outer  with  (iovernor  1  '•>«' 
on  the  propriety  of  raising  another  regiment  in  this  district,  and  to 
procure  his  order  to  that  effect.  \Ve  presented  to  him  the  fact  that 
•senec  a  county  was  still  in  arrear  in  her  quota  ol  troops  some  ODD  men. 
that  the  draft  which  was  then  fast  approaching  would  mo-t  likely  take 
-ome  of  our  citi/eus  who  could  not  well  go,  and  that  if  a  regiment- wa- 
ordered  to  be  raised  under  the  leadership  ot  the  writer,  the  committee- 
entertained  strong  hopes  of  raising  men  enough  to  avoid  the  draft. 

The  governor  said:  "(ientlemen.  I  appreciate  your  situation,  and  I 
have  no  doubt  that  all  you  tell  me  is  true,  but  I  have  no  authority  at 
this  late  hour  before  the  dratt  to  order  the  recruiting  ol  a  new  regi- 
ment. The  recruiting  must  stop  and  preparations  made  to  enli>n  e  : In- 
draft." Mr.  I'enninglon  undertook  to  tell  the  governor  who  the  writer 
was  and  what  the  tcclings  and  hopes  ot  the  people  were  if  he  were 
appointed  colonel  of  a  new  regiment,  etc-,  (iovernor  Tod  said  main 
•'uttering  things  about  his  friendship  lor,  and  long  acquaintance  with, 
'.he  writer,  etc..  and  finally  -aid:  ••(ientlemen,  you  _;o  home  and,  write 
to  Sec  retary  ol  WarSlaunton,  telling  him  r.ist  what  \o:i  told  me.  and 
et  your  c  oiigre--man  write.-  or  telegraph  al-o  to  that  effec  t.  1  will  m\ 
-cif  do  -'i  to  night,  and  urge  the  order,  and  a-  -oon  a-  I  can  obtain  '.. 
A  :  ,1  telegra  j  >h  \  >  ill." 

\\  e  returned  .did  reported  accordingly.  I  r^ent  appeals  were  made 
•••  <e<  retary  Siaunion  for  the  order. 

»  Mi  the  nighi  of  the   i.|th    of  August,    i.Soj,    about    midn 
my  door  brought  me  to  m\   feel  to  let  the  military  c-ommitl 
.  ount\    into   the    house,      ('aptain     |ohn     1.  Steiner    h.ad    an    order    from 
(  fO\'ernor    !<>d,  autliori/ing  the    raisin^    ot    the   i  j  ^d  regimen:,  and  gave 


464  HISTORY    OK    SENECA      COUNTY. 

the  different  printing  oftires  in  Tiffin  and  put  them  to  work  printing 
large  handbills  and  posters,  calling  upon  the  people  to  stop  all  other 
work  and  help  in  recruiting  the  regiment,  etc.  Meetings  were  held  and 
addressed  in  various  places  throughout  the  district,  and  companies  that 
had  a  partial  organization  were  speedily  filled  up:  new  ones  organized 
and  filled,  so  that  on  the  evening  of  the  yth  day  from  the  time  of  re- 
ceiving the  order,  the  writer  was  enabled  to  telegraph  to  Covernor 
Tod.  that  the  regiment  was  full,  awaiting  his  orders.  \Ve  had  then  the 
minimum  number,  and  when  we  finally  gathered  at  Monroeville.  we 
had  1,063  men,  and  as  good  men  as  "ever  drew  a  rammer."  During 
two  weeks  the  writer  slept  in  no  bed  nor  changed  clothes  until  the  regi- 
ment was  full.  It  required  labor  and  money  to  accomplish  the  work. 
The  recruiting  service  was  exhausted  and  the  high  premiums  had  been 
paid  to  fill  up  old  regiments,  and  it  looked  simply  like  an  impossibility 
to  raise  a  thousand  men  under  these  circumstances  without  premium 
or  bounty.  Vet  it  succeeded.  The  loafers  and  drones  of  society  had 
all  been  enlisted.  The  men  that  made  up  the  i^d  were  gentlemen, 
who  left  their  farms,  stores,  workshops  and  factories,  and  every  other 
path  of  industry,  and  joined  the  regiment  without  a  promise  oi  bounty, 
and  from  no  other  motive  than  that  of  a  patriotic  determination  to  help 
preserve  the  I'nion  and  the  integrity  of  these  states. 

Colonel  Stem  was  ordered  to  report  with  his  regiment  (the  ioist> 
at  Monroeville.  and  for  want  of  a  place  to  rendezvous,  the  com- 
panies of  the  123(1,  from  Seneca  and  Wyandot,  were  quartered  on  the 
old  fair  grounds,  and  John  Remele,  who  had  a  butcher  shop,  and  Dr. 
Crawford,  who  owned  a  bakery,  subsisted  the  men  in  good  style.  The 
citi/ens  furnished  quilts,  blankets  and  comforts  and  camp  life  com- 
menced in  good  order. 

While  the  recruiting  was  proceeding  vigorously  outside,  the  men  were 
drilled  on  the  fair  ground  and  on  the  streets. 

Captain  F.  K.  Shawhan  filled  up  his  company  in  Tiffin  first,  and  then 
we  recruited  Captain  /immer's  company,  made  up  of  Cermans.  A 
board  shanty  was  built  on  the  southwest  corner  of  the  court  house 
vard  and  a  justice  of  the  peace  kept  there  to  administer  the  oath  to  the 
men  as  fast  as  they  enlisted.  The  hotels  and  saloons  were  kept  open 
all  night  and  the  fifers  and  drummers  marched  up  and  down  the  street 
until  nearly  morning.  Many  ot  the  men  were  sworn  in  after  midnight. 

Here  is  a  copy  of  one  of  Captain's  Shawhan's  handbills: 


2$l>     KKi.lMl  SI     i  '.     V.     I. 


THE   l:J 


V>5 

-AXC'.. 


••  Strike  till  the  l.i-i  arnie.l   [,.••  expire-. 
>t  i  ike  !nr  \  niir  altar-  aii'l  \«n\  lin--. 

Mrike    1"!    [he   ^!ec||   •_'!'. iSe-  n|    Snlil    -ill'-. 

I  in.  1  ;u i' I  \  mi!   na! : '.  e  !an<! 

Anthorits  lia-  ln-en  u:\eii  Ihi-  nnlilais  ili-tn<  t  t"  tai-e  iini.i  ln-r  ic^iun-nt . 
the  r_':;il.  tn  lie  r.iniinanileil  \'\  ('nlniiel  \\illiaiu  I.an-_'. 

The  i  euinu  nt  inii-t  In-  ni  Lrani/e.i  an. i  I:  ;!'•.)  I  ,\  t  he  -_'-j.|  i.j  Aii_'u-t.  -*n  :ill 
i  iien  i -an  >••••  tin-  neee--it  \  ni  !i\  els  ss  •  >i  k .  i .'  t  e\ ei s  pal  i ;.  't  in  >cnci  a  eniiiit  \ 

pllt    hi-   -hnlll'lcr  t..   the   SS  lieel   ' 

Sfliera  rn|||it\  \s  ill  '^i  ;  <-le«lil  f.'!  iill  lei-rnit-  rai-eil  SS  It  hill  Ilia!  t  line.  ;uii| 
il  nlll  ijllnt.i  i-  iilleil  l'\  \  I'lllliteel  l!iur.  the  He.  "e  --•  t  S  .  1 1  a  «lla!t  i  1 1  nil !'  i  ,  .1 1  nt  \ 
\\  ill  lie  i  il.\  iateil. 

I ;.  -.  i  -ii  it  in-j:  ntlirci  •-  are  l>eii,^  appninteil.  ^eseii  iliis-  a;e  -_r:\en  in  iill  up 
--em  .-a  i-i'inp.inie-.  Men  nf  >eiiei  a.  Kills  '.  \-.\\\\  '.  '.  rails  '.  A\\ake!  I;.-- 
iin  n.iii-i  '  hat  Ihe  furl  inn--,  nf  a  hnn'lie.l  -end  at  inn-  are  ;it  -lake'  Let  n- 

-linSS    the   ji.irij.   I'll  -   \shn     SSnlllil     ile-tlnS    the     |  [  •  •  1 1 1 1  i  . '  [  i     lh;|t    -||i     r.tn    he  a-   tel- 

i  ihle  in  ss  ar  a-  -he  i-  -i-ni  ie  in  pcaee. 
'I'll  i  i  N  .  (  >n  n  i.   A  n^ii-l   1'i. 


WAR    MEET  IN  l,  : 

'I'lirn  nut.  es  e!  \  i  .m!\ .  iiipl  iill   up   t!ic   lank-  a-  \nlimteer-  in  liie  in:;.!  n-ufi- 
en!.  \\  .  Lanu.  <'..!. ni.-!. 

Th:-  i-e-inieiil  ha-  iu-t  he.-n   antimi-j/eil   l.s  (m\ern"!  '1'n.l    (•<    \«-  rai-e,]  h\ 
•    JJ'i  ••!   An^ii-l.  iiii-n  liraftiiiv:  take-  p!;i.-e   uitlimii    tail.     ••>tr;ke    \>\\    \\t>- 


466  HISTORY    OF    SKNF.CA    COUNTY. 

It    was  about    midnight  when    a    heavy    rap  was  hoard  at  the  door  of 
our  lent:    a   Mr.   Urown  opening  the  door,  a  man  slipped  in  and  showed 
him  a  pa]  >er  and   ret  ired. 

Mr.  llrown  then  came  to  me  and  told  me  tluit  this  man  had  the 
appointment  of  colonel  of  the- regiment  and  his  name  was  Wilson.  Mr. 
Wilson  used  to  edit  a  little  Republican  paper  at  I  pper  Sandusky.  On 
the  next  morning,  taking  the  earlv  train  for  Tiffin  and  arriving  there 
earlv.  the  writer  received  a  dispatch  about  9  o'clock  A.  M.  trom  Cover- 
nor  Tod.  in  these  words:  "  Mr.  \\  ilson  is  appointed  colonel  of  the 
ij^d.  \\"ill  you  accept  the  lieutenant-colonelcy. 

1).  T<  >I>." 

It  will  interest  the  reader  but  very  little  to  know  the  reason  why  the 
office  was  not  accepted,  but  my  answer  to  the  governor  is  still  preserved 
among  the  archives  of  the  executive  office  in  Columbus,  and  it  simply 
says  that  the  kind  oifer  could  not  be  accepted  for  the  respect  I  boar  to 
the  regiment  and  to  his  excellency,  etc. 

Another  wrong  perpetrated  by  somebody,  worked  in  this  form,  vi/: 
I'pon  our  urgent  solicitation  the  Right  Rev.  Bishop  Rappe.  of  ('love- 
land,  consented  to  lot  my  highly  esteemed  and  kind  friend,  the  Rev. 
Father  I..  Molin.  go  with  the  regiment  as  its  chaplain.  This  tact  became 
known  very  rapidly,  and  one  speech  from  Father  Molin,  in  Sandusky 
City,  was  sufficient  to  fill  up  Captain  Rigg's  company.  Father  Molin 
made  every  necessary  arrangement  to  go  with  us.  and  when  Colonel 
Wilson  took  charge  ot  the  regiment,  at  Monrooville,  Father  Molin  was 
left  out  also  with  the  writer. 

I  rejoice  at  the  tact,  and  to  this  day  it  is  a  verv  great  consolation  to 
me  to  know,  that  Colonel  Wilson  took  good  care  of  the  boys  and  they 
became  attached  to  him  gradually,  but  the  manner  in  which  he  received 
the  appointment  is  no  credit  to  him  nor  to  those  who  helped  to  bring 
it  about.  A  tew  words  more  on  the  subject  and  the  reader  can  form 
an  opinion  ot  his  own. 

There  were  alroadv  three  colonels  appointed  trom  Tiffin  over  regi- 
men's raised  in  this  district.  Oibson.  Lee  and  Stem. 

A  lawvor  in  X  >rwalk.  Charles  L.  lloalt,  took  great  interest  to  keep 
Titlin  !rom  haunn'  another  colonel,  and  went  to  Columbus  on  purpose 

•re  found  a  little  intelligent  baboon  hanging 
and  a  willing  too]  to  help:  and  while  lloalt  suc- 
•  ••  '-ded  in  dissuading  ( lovernof  Tod  from  giving  the  colonelcy  to  the 
writer,  the  other  tollow  made  it  count  by  helping  a  relative.  < 'no  thing 
w:ll  ii"!  lie  denied  by  ambody.  and  that  is  this:  that  \\hilo  the  writer 
labored  hird  and,  faithfully  to  raise  the  regiment,  and  spent  his  money 


Kl  t.lMI  N  I 


\.     I. 


4''7 


freely,  ('olonel  Wilson    laid    around    loose  about  ('olumbus   and   simply 
d;d  notiiin^  tor  the  regiment. 

In  the  winter  I'o'iowin^  iio\eni"tr  Tod.  who  \s.i-  one  t>!  the  most 
etl'n  ient  w  ir  governor-,  oi  the  north,  told  the  writer  tli.it  ;n  all  h:-> 
appointments  and  oltit  ial  .n  t-.  he  regretted  m>ih.:i.;  -"  urn  h  a-  this  a<  t 
to  wh.t  h  he  had  allowed  h.m-el:  to  be  per- uadfd  b\  the-e  tal-e  lr:e!ids 
and  1 1  e  s  i  -  n  i  n  .4  men. 

<  >ne  other  thin_;  will  not  be  denied,  and  th  it  :-  !h:-     tin-  le.id:n_    !<••- 
pubht  an-  who  t'i'ik  an  ai  !i\e  part   ;n  helping  to  raise  the  re_;,inent.  lelt 
the  outrage  \  ery  keenly .    and    e\pre--etl    their    opinions  at  the  dec  tion 
that  followed  soon  then-alter.      Thev  meant    what  :he\   -aid  ;n  '  ><  tober, 
iSdj.      This    i  oii^rcssional    distrn  t    wtMit     I'einoir.nic     th.i'      tall,   ami 
elet  ted  tli-1    11. MI    \\'arren   I".   Noble  to  congress. 

The  regiment  was  mustered  into  the  service  October  idth,  i^'ij.  ami 
imui'-di  itely  ordered  on  the  inanh  to  Virginia.  This  -.line  <  >.  \\ . 
I  >ro  A  ii  above  spoken  ot  1 ..  11.  I  Irown  .  \\pho  had  been  let;  .  n  i  h  ir_te  oi 
store-  a!  Petersburg,  on  the  e\\u  nation  oi  the  ]i!.ne  b\  th'-  regiment, 
put  h:-  stores  m  one  ot  the  t  hur<  he-  ot  the  town,  set  lire  to  it,  and 
burned  both  church  and  store-.  lie  was  captured  by  the  rebel-,  but 
wa-  par>  iled  the  next  day. 

<  )n  the   1st  of  Man  li  the  regiment   wa-  -ent    up    to  \\iiuhe-ter.    where 
(ieneral   l.ee,  with  his  whole  rebel  arm\,  on  their  way  to   1  'enn-\  1\  ania. 
passetl  through    and    surrounded    tlie    town.      (  >n    the   atternoon    ot    the 
i;ih  the  regiment    had    an    en_;a_;eincnt     with  (ienera!  I'.arly's  corps,    in 
whi<  h  it  lo~,t  in  killed  and  wo'md'-d   nearl\    one    hundred  nun        <  >n  the 
next  dav  the  national   tones   were    dr:\en    into    their  fortifications,    ami 
kept    under    a    se'  ere    artillery    fire    tor    two    hour-,    and    the    place    was 
e\  a<  uated  in  the  niuht.  lea\  iiu  the  ^un-  -piked.      \\  hen  four    mile-    ou; 
on  the   M  irt  m-bui'j  road,  the  regiment  was  i  apt  u  red.  and  in  the  attempt 
I'll  ut  their    u  i\     through,    about    tilts    were    killed  and  wounded.       The 
w  hole  :  M  i^  nl"  were  m  u  le  prisoner-,    except    (  'o.    1  >.  of  the    i  j  jd.        Ihey 
w  •  •  re  •  i  k  •  •  i  to   K  "  i :  m  o  n  d .  w  h  •  r  >  •  1 1 1 1  •  <i'.\i<  •  •  r  -   <  > ',    t  h  <  •   i  .'  ; ' '«   A    : ' '  • ; !   I  i  '•!  >  \ 

1  r.-M!  a  (  •,,:.,         \\ 

h. .:.!•-.        I:,       '•'     •    oin.     !-.  a:'-!-  .  -\-\,-.\  m..:rh-'    .  .'i'ltoi-m    ::t     n    1  ::o\. 


HISTORY    OK    SKNF.CA    OH'NTY. 


11.  KiiT^s.  iif  Sandu-ky.  and  formerly  a  '1'iffmitc.  died  in  Charleston, 
Smith  Carolina.  September  is'h.  iNO.;.  Captain  \\  .  II.  Homier  died  at 
Columbia.  Soulh  Carolina.  The  privates  were  exchanged  in  a  few 
UK  >n:h-.  .111  1  1  sent  to  Annapolis.  Maryland,  and  Camp  Chase.  *  )hio.  The 
regimen;  was  finally  collected  together  at  Martinsburg.  Krom  Cedar 
Civek  i;  !iio\eil  under  Seigel  up  the  valley.  At  a  sharp  fight  at  New 
Market.  May  151!!.  it  lost  twenty-nine  killed  and  wounded. 

The  regiment  was  under  (ieneral  Hunter  at  1'ort  Republic,  where, 
after  a  short  but  severe  fight,  the  rebels  were  whipped  and  2.000  pris- 
oners raptured.  They  were  also  at  I  ,ynehburg.  from  whence  they  made 
their  llight  to  Salem.  The  men  suffered  very  severely  on  this  retreat 
for  want  of  provisions:  some  died  of  starvation.  They  were  also  at 
Snicker's  Kerry,  where  a  number  of  the  men  were  killed.  (  >n  the  22(1 
of  July  they  had  another  tight  with  the  rebels  at  Winchester,  where  the 
i2}d  were  driven  away,  and  they  retreated  across  the  1'oiomac  into 
Mainland,  at  Wi!liam>port.  At  I>err\  viile  they  lost  twenty-five  men 
killed,  wounded  and  captured.  They  were  a^ain  at  \\  inchester,  where 
the  rebels  were  routed.  Here  t'ne  regiment  lost  five  otticers  and  about 
ii;;\  men.  At  Strasburg  they  lost  six  men.  Inder  the  command  of 
(ieneral  Sheridan,  after  his  ride,  thev  dro\'e  the  rebeU  at  Cedar  Creek 
and  a>^i->ted  in  clearing  the  Shennandoah  valley  of  the  rebels.  At 
Hatcher's  Run  their  loss  was  quite  severe.  The  whole  regiment  was 
raptured  by  the  rebel  Howe  Cuaids.  near  High  Bridge.  They  were 
(  arried  along  to  Appomattox  C.  II..  where  the  rebel  army  surrendered 
•'>  ('.eivrai  Crant.  and  the  prisoners  were  thus  released. 

They  we're  mustered  out  lune   i2th.   \^('t^.  at  ('amp  ('hase. 


>tti. 


kKi.IMKNl     K.     V..     1. 


469 


Curtis  I'll- 1 T\  .  si •..  Duiirht   Kr!l<>^.  M.   ll"a,llf\    -Miiilli. 

Charl,-  II.  IJiu'-^s.  .I..IIM    K.  Kan.lnipl,.  .1,..  .1.  F.  S-hu\li-r. 

.l»li!i    Nruman.  <>-\\«-llll.   ll'i-i-iiliaiiiii.  Jo>lma  \\  .   l.."iia|.|. 
lii.-liai'.l  A.  Kirku.'.Hl. 

I'  ir^t   I  .u-!iti'iKini> : 

U'i'Iiaill    \'.    M.-C|-;n-ki-||.  Al'IH-r  *»!i\  ,1«T.  .lalll"-^    I'..    l'llllll'lll'i-> 

K.I.  II.  I'.i'.iun.  I'.rnj.  K.  I'.lan.  Klmvr  I!.  HuM,-.|. 

Vill.  K.  I>;ivi>.  Cal.-I.I).    William-.  Chai  !••>  1 1 .   x,,u,., .,. 

.li'liii   I-'.   l!aii'|.i!|'h.   .Ir..  llai\i-\    -.  U.-M-I  I.  <\i.  ^In-iinaii    \  .  .1.  'liu-m 

Ivl-^.ir  Mai'l  in.  .lain.-  >  1 1 .  ( .  iiliau.  I  n-i,p_ri-  I  >.    A.ki-i. 

II.  I..  McK.-f.  .I..M-|.lni>  K.  <-hn\l.-r.  Cliarl.-.M.    K.-\>. 

l>u:_'!i!   Ki-ll.'-i.'.  M.  II.i;ul!»-\  ^miilt.  l>a\i.|  Mi!!.-r. 

Ainu/,,  KMhl.nis.  Kiank  I:.   Cub,,.,-.  I'rank  A.    I  \\  ••<  k.-nr: 

(Kuril  II.    K.isriil.auni.  .Insima  \V.  I.rouai-il.  Fivil.-ri.'k  \V.  Wi.-kl 

I).  ^.  Calilw.-ll.  Tl ia>  \\  .    !!,.>.•. -.  I  ici.ix'i-  A.  Sr..|i\ . 

\ViMiam  II.  I5f!i.|.-r.  M.-utm    \\  .    \\ '  i!l,,ii-lil'\  .  -Iain.-  Ht-ali-r. 
|{ainl.'l|'li  I'.,    l-'i-rris. 

Man\   .it  the  -MJI  iMnl  iiciitcn, ints  \vi-r  r    pnum  >U-<1. 


CHAPTER  XXV!  II. 

DR.    ROBERT   R.    McMEENS. 


oir^  tin-   masses?     You 

IN  the  preceding  pages  the  name  ot  my  laithful  old  friend.  !  )r. 
McMcens.  ha->  been  frequently  mentioned,  and  I  \vonld  do  vio- 
lence to  my  o\vn  heart  and  a  long,  unshaded  friendship,  did  I  not 
devote  a  --eparate  space  unionist  these  leaves  to  the  memorv  of  a  true 
friend.  \vho.  in  social  lite,  in  the  medical  profession  and  on  the  field  of 
battle,  everywhere,  was  so  distinguished  tor  his  skill  and  his  many 
manly  traits  of  character. 

The  following  -diort  record  ot  him  will  be  all  the  eulogv  intended. 
Hi-,  widow,  one  of  the  nio>t  oteerned  and  distinguished  ladies  in  San- 
du-ky  C'ity.  has  kindly  turnished  the  writer  with  records,  giving  the 
incidents  of  her  husband's  closing  hour--,  and  they  are  given  here  with- 
out <  oinineiit.  For  a  specimen  ot  the  I  )o<  tor's  polished,  poetical 
genii!-,  the  reader  is  referred  to  the  poem  entitled.  ••  The  Islands  of 
F.rie."  in  the  second  chapter  ot  this  book. 

True  friendship  lives  beyond  the  grave,  and  fills  the  soul  with  hope 
like  the  (  hristian  longing  after  eternal  life,  for— 


1  >r.  McMeeii-wa-  born  in  Lyeoming  county,  state  o!  Pennsylvania. 
on  the  2'ith  ot'  February.  1X20.  lie  graduated  from  the  I'niversity  of 
I  Ynus\  Ivania  in  the  spring  ot  1X41.  and  soon  thereafter  settled  in  Tiffin. 
Ohio,  where  he  <  ominenced  the  practice  ot  medicine,  and  where  he 
-00:1  -n-M-.-d.  noi  onlv  a  splendid  practice,  but  also  the  esteem  and 
c  onfideni  e  ot'  the  o'd  doi  tors  and  the  people  ^enerallv. 

<  in  ;:,:';  i -•  oi  August.  1X4^.  he  \vasmarried  to  Ann  ('.,  the  oldest 
daii^h  '  '  '  Pittengei".  a  -ketch  of  who-e  lite  ha-  alreadv  been 

re.  «.rd 

1:    '  '    \~<}>>.  the    [)octor    moved    to    Sandiiskv    Citv,  where    he 


DR.   kor.i.ki    k.   M'MKKNS.  471 

lived  to  the  time  of  his  ile.ith  and  where  he  was  buried.  He  was  oi 
rather  small  stature,  hut  very  aeti\e.  and  took  ^reat  interest  in  j.ult'ii 
affair-.  1  ie  <  ir^ani/ed  and  was  .  aptain  o:  the  l'«a\  <  ;!\  (lu.irds,  one"! 
the  f;n<--t  independent  mil;tai\  •  <  )iu|i.in:es  »t  Sandu-ky  < 'ity.  and 
as-istcd  ^really  in  tlie  or^ani/ation  i>\  tin-  M '  inumen:ai  ASSI  »  lation. 
drs,  i,;,e,l  in  •  hapter  n. 

\!'  -     Mi  Meei>s.  in  s-endin.:  t.i  me    the  -ut>|oined  paper-.  >a:-l 

-»  \  N  i  >i  -K  \  ,  i  n\\".  Ma\  '.'.  ]•*-'». 
/.../.,,    II  .  l.-i,,.;: 

\\\    hi    \i;   |'i:ii  M»:      1  inn  mill  h    •  <\  <\  i'_r'-'l    I"!    \"iii   _' i     kiml    \\«>i'il-.  aid 

\  i  uir  m'.i  -i  e-!>n  m\  l"\ei|nne;  |'i  •! .  all  h"iiur!i  In-  ha-  l.«---ii  .!•  a<l  \«  I  In-  \\  «.i  \<\ 
\«]'  in  in  \  \  i  MI'S.  IP-  i  is  i-s  in  i  mi  h.  i:  n  -.  I  i-aiiii'  'I  \\  nt  i-  v  "ii  as  f  •  iM  •,  .1-  I  i|i-sji-i-  . 

I  MI!  \\  i!!  -^i\  i-  \  nil  si  .in.-  it  ••nis.  .nil  '.  i  iiir  ji  -n  i -a  1 1  siijiji!  \   t  hi-  i .--,; .  i.  >r  \ .  MI  \\  <•>  >• 

I 1  n.-    n!     1 1  !i-     I  >i  ii  •;•  M  ''s    (all  hi  ni     1  i  ill  pis.    a  IP  I  hi-    \\  .is  \\  ,i!  !tih  al  '.!•  lii-i|  In  \i  ill. 
I    . -I,. •'••!•,••    i|ati-s.  »•!.-..  ainl    a    |iul''i-lu-il    arti''!--.    \\iiitt-n    1.,    (..-n.-rai  \\  .  II 
l.s  tic.  n!    I  IIP  ihiiati:  alsn   a    Ictlt-r    I  mm    I  >i .  >huma!  •!  t.  <  <  .1  <\  <-\  n.  -i  'I '.••!.  i,t 

.. in  ->ta!'-.     'I'h'-si-  ui-ri-  all  \>\ il •! i -JM-I I .   Imi    I  i-anii"!    fun!   llic   |.a|n  i's.  >n  -.-m! 
\nii  tin- nriuinal  Irttt-r.  \'.\<-i   Irulv    \mii   I'ricinl. 

\  \  \  (  .  MI  MKKNv 
1  )>  •(  tor  >!.'.  Mi.irii'-  letter  'o  <  'n  i\  enior  '|'i  •'! : 

M  i  1 1 1 '    \  i     1 '  1 1 ;  i  '   i  o  i ; '  -  m  i  1 1  i . .  < 
I »  \  \  \  1 1 .1.1 ..  (  >•  i'  ii'i'i  :;! .  ISI.L:.      , 
/,,  //,-  /•;,,-,  ••.  ,„-,/  a,.,:  ,-,„.,   y.,./.  n-:;, 

^i  i;  :  1 ;  i-  \\  i'ii  fcc!in-s  ,i|  't  he  ,!,-,•  ],,--;  n-m-t-l  t  hat  I  ha\c  t"  aiiin>iiii«'f  the 
il.-al  h  i'!  ~siimt-Mii  !;.  It.  MI  MI-I-HS.  i.|  i|,c  :\A  iv-inn-nt  (thin  \  nl^iiitccr  A  rm>  . 
\s  hirli  i  M-I  ii! !  i  il  -MI  iM  i  n!>  at  lVrr\  \  ilk.  KI-II!  in-k\ .  mi  ;):••  niuht  i>!  llic  :;ntli 

I  list. 

Si  i  !'•_'! -i  >n  MI  .M'-i  us  v,  as  aiii"iii,r  !ln-  i'.  r>t  ;,.  nllt-r  hi-  -1-1 '.  u  ••-  t-  <  his  mini  I  r\ 
afl'-r  tin-  i'li-akinu  "Mt  nt'  !!;••  n-ln-U jnii. 

I  •'.  liii-i  iii'j  1  li>'  ihiii-  IIP  MI  i  hs  si-r\  ji-r  as  a  i  c^  i  iiiciit  ai  ^MI  (_'i-''ii .  In-  \\  as  inniic- 
iliali-lv  atti-i  ni'iicrcil  in  ( 'amp  I  >i-imi -i>n.  \\  ln-n-  his  -,-nt  Iciiian !\  d •  )"  •!  t  im-nl 

a  in  I   L!!  eat    pi  <  ife--  'niiai    sU  ;  ]  |    ^nnil    \\  n|i    tnr    him    the  esteem    a  IP!   ei  Miliiklirr    n  t 

hi  -.  I.;  ni  her  n:!:.  i  ;  -.  at   u  !n>-,e    reiph  -t    ii.-    \\  a  -   appninicil  inei  I  ii  al  •!  in-eti  M    ••! 

the    pi  '-I   '.    all    iln     a|i|l|nl|s  tint  ie-  nf    U  1 1  it'll   nlliee   lie   pi   It"!  Illi-'l    III  -In   h    a    Ilia  II  • 

HIT  a  -  !"  u  in  !•'•  him  ;  In-  \\  ai  lue-t  i-nmmeinlat  mn-  nt  the  -u:  -jei  MI  -jejiera!  nl 

l':niii  ;hai  time  until  tin-  pi-fin  I  nl  lii-  ilea'h.  !n-  ha-  ei  Mit  imieil  m 
ar!;\e  -,-\'\  •.  liliii.u  mail1,  impi'itah!  pn-itnMi-  in  the  meilieal  'ii-pai !  nn-i:! 

nl     the    alii.'.   . 

*«i  .  •:  '    -.    I ••;••:  i    !  In-  hat  t  'n-  i  •!    1  'el  I  \  \  i  I  le.  he  \\  a-  a  p) '•  •:  I;  te.  ]    m.-.  i ;.  a!    tlii  celm 

|n   t  h'     '  :  •  •    •;•-    Ulnle!    I  lie   '  •  MlllKalni    nl    i  he    lalin    ll'.  ei]    .  I  .:•   k-nl:  .    a!nl    al'tt   !     ha\  ill^ 

paili,  i  pal. •.  I  .n-'ueh  ii,  the  |,.,t;;,-.  v  .„  ,ie;a;>.,|  ;.,.,--!-!  ,,,  t.,1,:,-  ,.,!,  ,,| 
!h--  >,\.,i!;  ,<•  .1  .  '  I'.M  -::•-  ii,  :>.\.-.  h  )...-:;;..,  !:-  ',,  •  i  •  i  •..-,.;  i  „-.,! ;.-,.;;  m  I 


47-  HISTORY    OK    SKNI'X'A    COUNTY. 

Ill  liistlruth  tlir  army  lias  lost  a  kind  hearted,  faithful  and  efficient  oflicer: 
the  country  a  pure  patriot,  and  the  medical  profession  one  of  its  brightest 
oniaineiits.  I  am.  sir.  respectfully,  your  olicdient  servant. 

(iKOIKJE  (i.  SHf-MAKD.  M.  I).. 
Medical  Director  Danville  District. 

('icneral  \\".  11.  I.vtle's  letter  to  the    Cincinnati  Commercial: 

TIIK   I, ATK   DK.   H.   \\.   Mr.MKKXS. 

l-'.in  T<u:s  (  'OMMKIM  i  AI.  :  The  announcement  of  the  sudden  death  of  this 
distinguished  medical  otlicer.  at  l'err\  ville.  will  be  received  with  profound 

sorrow  in  Ohio.  Surgeon  McMcens  was  one  of  the  ranking  medical  ollicers 
in  the  ( )hio  line,  his  commission  in  the  service  bearing  date  .\pril.  Istii.  He 
was  originally  commissioned  surgeon  in  the  :!d  regiment  of  Ohio  Volunteers. 
a  veteran  regiment  which  did  good  service  in  Virginia,  and  which  recently, 
at  Chaplin  Heights,  side  by  side  with  the  loth  Ohio,  the  loth  Ken  tucks,  the 
liM  and  >Mh  Indiana,  and  Loomis'  battery,  constituting  tlie  17th  brigade, 
covered  itself  all  over  with  glory. 

A  few  days  before  the  battle.  Dr.  McMeens  was  appointed  acting  medical 
director  of  the  loth  division,  commanded  b\  the  lamented  .Jackson,  of  Ken- 
tucky. The  writer  of  this  notice  met  him  at  IVrry vi!le.  three  days  after  the 
tight,  apparently  in  his  usual  health  :  but  it  is  <|iiite  probable  that  oxer-exer- 
tion, fatigue  and  anxiety  in  his  department,  had  brought  on  the  illness, 
which  so  suddenly  terminated  his  career.  Surgeon  Mc.Meens  was  a  resident 
of  Saiidusky  City.  Ohio,  where  his  professional  abilities  had  secured  him  an 
extensive  and»remunerative  practice,  while  his  estimable  qualities  endeared 
him  to  a  large  circle  of  attached  and  appreciative  friends.  Impelled  by  a 
high  sense  of  duty,  and  the  noblest  of  motives,  he  exchanged  at  the  very 
beginning  of  the  rebellion  the  endearments  and  comforts  of  home  for  the 
perils  and  hardships  of  the  tented  Held.  Through  the  dark  ravines,  and 
over  nigged  mountains  of  western  Virginia  under  Hosecrans  :  through  Ken- 
tucks  .  Tennessee  and  northern  Alabama  under  .Mitchell  and  Koiiseaii  :  and 
back  again  through  all  the  vicissitudes  of  Hudl's  last  campaign,  to  where  it 
terminated,  in  the  sanguinary  struggle  at  Chaplin  Hiu'hts.  he  discharged 
with  the  utmost  skill,  faithfullness  and  heroism,  his  varied  and  responsible 
duties.  His  devoted  careand  watchfulness :  the  strict  observance  which  he 
coiiijielled  to  the  laws  of  lixii'ieiie  and  police,  rendered  the  camps  of  his  regi- 
ment at  Iluntsville  and  elsewhere,  models  in  the  service. 

oilicers  ;uid  men  had  implicit  faith  in  his  professional  skill,  while  his 
noble,  genial  and  chixalric  traits  of  character,  linked  all  hearts  to  him  in- 
<eparalil\ .  No  soldier,  however  humble,  ever  complained  of  his  neglect,  nor 
accused  him  of  sacrificing  duty  to  hi>  personal  comfort.  The  eve  of  the  in- 
valid brightened  at  his  presence,  mil)  as  he  moved  through  the  dreary  hos- 
pitals, crowded  \\  itli  t he  ghast  1\  harvests  of  war.  despairing  sufferers  turned 
toward  him  on  their  pallets  and  smiled  hopefully  once  more.  Ileloved  and 
lamented  1>\  all  who  knew  him.  a  brave,  whole-souled,  gallant  gentleman, 
thus,  with  "  harness  on."  discharging  faithfulh  the  high  behests  of  his  pro- 
fession, died  Kohert  K.  Mc.Meens. 

Ohio  will  offer  up  no  nobler  sacrifice  on  our  country's  altar. 


I'K.   kniiiki    K    M'MKKNS.  473 

The  following  are  tin-  minutes  <>t"  the  proeeeilinu's  of  u  ni'-e;in.;  (>t 
army  v.ir_;e'>n>  heM  at  lVrr\  \  ;l!e.  Kentm  kv,  <  >c  t"l>er  .;is!,  is'>.' 

DKATH  <  >F  -i  K'.I-J  >\  i;    K.  M,  \iKK.\v 

At  a  ni>'i-tin_r  "I  t!i>'  su;_'''"ns  nt'  tli--  I  'nit'-'l  Via!---,  .i.'iir,  .  hi-M  iii  lViT\- 
\illf.  KfiiUi''k\  .  "ii  tic-  ::ist  -la\  ..f  «».•!..!„•  i.  A.  !>..  I  >•••_•.  --111  •„'••., n  .1.  <,. 
Hat'-hilt.  »t'  K'-nlii''k\ .  ui'-li'-al  ilii-fi-tnr.  u.is  .-.illi-.l  t->  tin- ehan,  aid  ^nr- 
u'''"ii  x,  >!<>ini  >n  1  >a\  is.  "1  I  lull,  i  it.  i.  \\  a>  a  1 1( »)!  n'n -i  I  •M'l-n-tai  > . 

Tin-  i-liail  lll.lll    iTH-lh    i'\  ]'!a!lli-'l    111''    I'i.j.-rt     i.l'    tin-    Ml'-i-I  Mr_'  all.l   .l!i!|.  .||!|,-c.| 

the ->uil<tt-!i  ami  iiiif\iicc!n|  i|i-iii:->f  «l  an  ciiiiin-ii:  an-1  •!  i  -I  iiiLr'i!->!n-'l  -.nr- 
m-.n  ol  tin-  anii>.  I  >i .  ll"l"-rl  1!.  M< Mr.-n-,.  ..|'  ^ainlu-k\  ( 'it\ .  t  MIM.  \\'!n-n- 
il|ii.  !i  a  ei.niinii  !'•«•  \\  a-  a  |>}"  'MiN  <i  !•  •  «li  all  -uitali!»-  M— "hit  i«  >MN  .  .|  i  .-^;  .•!  ali.l 
einnli'li'iii-c.  emisi>t  iiiu  "I  *>!  i  !••,'!•"!  i-  'I'.  I'..  \\  illlani^.  "I  <  )hi...  !'.(,.  A  :i.;  i_'lit . 
"!  I'i-iiii->\  !\ania.  A^-i^tiii;  -«ii!_r'-"!]  I..  T.  I'u!!'-!.  "i  \\  i>'"ii-:n.  ^u:  _'•-,. n^ 
•  , .  I  ).  .la'-' (iir-.  «.t'  I  IP  liana,  ami  -I .  I  • .  1 1  at ''hill .  "I  K-  nt  n-  k\  . 

Attt-ra  ^IhUl  aili"iii'i!iiii'iit  tin-  c'-iinniit  h-f  n-|i'H  If!  t  hr  l-'l!..v.  MI^.  \\  hirli 
u  c!'r  unaii  nii"M>i  \  ail-  "i'l'-'l : 

\\  1111:1.  \-.  in  tin-  "!  •!'•!'  -it'  f\  i-nt-  aid  tin-  t'"it  in  H">  n|  uar.  an  ••miii''iit  an.  I 
i|]-tiii_'iti>h'''l  nn-'li'-a!  ''"Il'M^ui'.  Siir^.-iiii  i;.iii.-i!  II.  \h\!..-n  .  "!' (  >hi".  has 
I'allrii  a  \  ietim  t<i  iliMMM-.  siijicrimluefil  |.\  rv.^ixr  lal>"]'  ami  f\|in<.ii|-»-  in 
the  ili-M'li.iru'f  "f  hi-  <lnt>  I"  tin-  u.nimle.l  >i.|.licr>  ,.n  i!,,'  [ii-l.|.  .lining  tin- 
l.attle  "f  «'liai'lain  Hill--  ami  >inec  tlie  liattle  nt  l'.-rr\  \  ilk:  ami 

\\'  u  i.i;i  \-.  In  lii^  ilrath  !h''  pi  i  MJi-  xi -r\  ]'•'•  ha^  ^u-laiiii-.|  a  uTi-at  l.^>.  aii'l 
seji-iiec  an  ar'li'Hl  clrsntrc  airl  >iirLT'T>  "iif  "!'  ii-  I 'i'i  u:lit  "•«'  "i  na  n  I'M  i :  >:  ami 

\Vm:UL.  \-.  1  !'•  ha-  IMTII  nil  nil  in  tin-  priim-  ..]'  In-  maul I.  ami  in  the 

nii'Ut  "I  hi>  1 1 -M-l  ill  !!'•>•«:  uni\  ei'>all\  l"-!"\  '••!  \>\  all  \\  h"  km-\\  Inm  in!  i  malt -I  \ 
as  mi''  "!'  tin1  ill"-!  Lreiier"Us  ami  iinhlf-miiiileil  nifii  in  all  relalimi-.  "I'  pii\a!e 
ami  pnl'li'-  lil't-:  t  hen-lure. 

/,'  .•.,'<•../.  That  this  meet  in^r  i-  .In-plx  im|in-s>..,|  \\  nh  |  his  sa-l  e\  mt :  i|ia; 
!ln-\  n-ali/i- thf  l"ss  thf  euiintn  has  -ii-taincil  \<\  his  ii'itimi-!\  il.-ai  !i  ainl 
thf  s.ii  T.I\\  \\ith\\hiehliis  |-i'lati\i's  ami  iiumi-rt'ii-.  irii-inls  \\j|!  ],-,-,-j\ ,.  ; ),,. 
ni'iiirnrnl  inlelii'_ri-m'e:  in  \n-\s  "I'  uhi'-h  ue  tt-n  h-r  a->u  rail'-'  -  <>i  ><\\\-  \<\;>- 
ti.uii'l  i  I"_M  i-l  a;i'l  )i'-a:  1 1'l-l!  ->  nipal  h>  . 

/,'  -,,•,-.,/•,,•.•',,  ,-.  Th  n  we  tt-mler  t"  !hf  wi'l.in  «\'  !ln-  il.M-.-a-.-,|  ,  ,:n  -; ,,,-,  , •,. 
(•i.|i<l'>l'-ii'-f  in  ihf  m''lam'h"!>  l<ri  va\  rim-n;  \\hii-li  -in-  Ins  si|,iaiin-il  :n  tin- 
^  i^s  MI  an  alf'-i't  i"iia'f  alb!  ih-\  "tfil  hit  -I  'an«l.  A  ii'l  \v  ••  p!  a\  ;  !..i'  in  '!.••'  nn - 
^i  i]:i1  ii  in  i '!'  t  h>-  I'hi'ist  iaii  I'l-liLri'iii  -In-  ma  •>  li  ii'l  a  s,  ,',i,  •,•  i  n  ln-i  .1;'.!;.  • ;,  ,n  ,u,,| 
si  i'  \  <  '\\ 

/,'  ..,',-.,/.  Tli,  1 1  th,-  p  ]•"<•'•.•.  I  im.:-  "T  t  his  im-i-t  in--  In'  si^n  ril  !,.  !  h.-  i  tian  man 
a  IP  I  ,-•'  ivlai  '.  a  IP  I  pni'lis1!,!-'!  in  ;h"  j  .a  |  ..-.•-,  at  --aipl'i-  -,\  i  ; ;  .  i  ,,'  .mi.i:-.  (  in- 
ciniiati  a n> I  l.'i:iis\  i  I1,.-,  an- 1  I  ha;  a  •  <  >|>.  !'••  s-'n;  ivl'tjii-  .  •]  !h.-  •!.  .  .  a-.-'l. 

.I.L.  II  \Ti  llll.T.  1':.  -:.l.  i,;. 

x  »l  .1  >\l<  »\    l>  \  \   I"-.   -»••«  n-tai  N  . 


CHAPTER   XXIX 

ADAMS  TOWNSHIP. 


AI'AMS    TOWN-HIP — I.    3.    N.    R.    I  6    ]•:. 

UNI  )!•'.!<  the  treats'  of  Washington,  made  on  the  ^Sth  day  of  Feb- 
ruary. A.  D..  iSji.  the  Senecas  ceded  their  entire  reservation 
of  torty  thousand  acres  to  the  I  nited  States. 

I'.y  the  eighth  article  of  this  agreement  the  t'nited  States  are  bound 
to  sell  ail  this  land,  deduct  Ironi  the  proceeds  certain  expenses  and  six 
thousand  dollars,  advanced  to  the  tribe,  and  to  hold  the  balance  of  the 
purchase  money  until  the  same  shall  be  demanded  by  the  chiefs,  and 
in  the  meantime  pav  them  five  per  cent  interest  on  the  same. 

The  agreement  was  signed  bv  lames  1!.  Gardiner,  in  behalf  of  the 
I'nited  States,  and  by  Coon-tick.  Small  (,'loud  Spicer.  Hard  Hickory 
and  Captain  Good  llunter.  in  behalt  ot  tlie  Senecas.  the  Indians  mak- 
ing their  marks.  The  witnesses  were  Henry  C'.  1  Irish,  sub-agent. 
George  Herron.  interpreter.  W.  II.  Lewis.  Henry  Tolan  and  I'.  G. 
Rand'  ilph. 

In  offering  the  public  lands  for  sale,  it  was  so  usual  for  the  presidents 
in  issuing  their  proclamations  to  that  end.  to  except  the  school  sections, 
sixteen,  that  General  Jackson,  in  his  proclamation  of  November,  1X32. 
putting  the  Seneca  reservation  on  the  market,  made  the  same  excep- 
tion, which  wa-  an  error,  simply  because  the  general  government  had 
agreed  to  -ell  the  whole  tract.  iSee  chapter  x  i 

Section  sixteen,  in  Adams,  was.  therefore,  not  sold,  and  whenever 
the  same  -hall  be  sold,  the  proceeds  belong  to  the  Seneca>.  if  any  of 
them  -till  exist. 

This  wa-  the  only  .-ection  sixteen  embraced  in  the  whole  reserve  in 
thi-  '  onnty,  and  tor  want  ot  a  school  -e<  lion  in  Adam-,  the  government 
Lira  nt  ed  to  thi-  town -hip  the  west  halt'  of  -ection  twelve  <  12  i.  This  was 
done  in  i.Sjj.  .mi!  lour  years  before  the  Seneca- -old  out.  In  Pleasant. 
se<  lion  -ixteen  i-  on  the  wc.-t  -ide  ot  the  river,  and  not  in  the  reserve. 
'I  he  -onth  and  ea-t  line-  the  reserve  did  not  embrace  sections  six- 


AI-AMS    lowNsiur.  475 

teen  in  ('linton    and    S<  >pio.      |-or    further    particulars  the  reader  :•>  re 
furred    to   the  subjoined  documents,  whn  h  explain  themselves. 

tin  the  j;th  of  (  )i  tolu-r.   i  v- ;,   Henry   N;!e>.  (  icor_;e    Kline  .ind  Solo 
inon  I'rown.  trustees  »l  Adam-,  filed  their  petition  in  the  <  ourt  of  com 
mo;)    plea-    of  Seneca    lountv,    :n    whnh    they  -a\.    that  on  the  j<jth    of 
August,  i  xj  ";,  tliey  had  po-ted  -:p    nine    noticr-  m  p'-Mir  j.l.u  e>    in  sani 
town>hi]'.  lor    a    ineetliu    to    l.(-    held  at   the  i.i'.e    re-«i«ieni  e  "!    l.hene/ei 
I'.row  n,  d-'<  ea>ed.  on  the     •    th    of    ^epteiniier.    i  s  };..:'.  !.. lie    "iloik    A. 
M       that  then  and  there  a   \  ote  would  !>e  tak/rw    -..r'h.    -ale  oi  t!ie    \\«--,» 

Mar.  ill     'h.    .S,;.         I  Repetition     Srtj4    that     t  he   !,,,      ' : ':_    u  .1-   1;,-;,1.    all. I 

that  eighteen  per>i>n>    \otcd    in    fa\  or  o]  the    -  i'e.  that  :i.e  j.ape:^  were 

•-allx    ret-iined  i..  the  auditor,  et«  .       I'he  petiti.-n  pr. 
to  appra-e  and  -eii.      T|I,.IIM-    K.    LH!-..    J.i-  ..li    -.••;.!< 
were  appointed  appraisers.       (;,-,,r^e     lle'ninj    w.ri    ffo 
ord.er  was  is^ui-il  li\   ('.!'.    1  irei-l'.n  h.   •  ierk.    and    II    < '.    K  .  - 
(  ierk.      The    land    wa>    -.old    f,u     >j.j      ,  atn!  the    -aie.,,!;:!! 
(  'ham  er\    l\ei  ord.  vol.  .;.  p.  .\:_  i  .  (  >.   I ...  \  . .'. .    p.p.    i  jj 
Now  i:    \d  mi-  has  also  sold  set  t;on    sixteeife  ilV 


teen,  were  paid  into  the  treasury  oj  :!:>•   -ta'.e.     i:;d    'h 
.1): :.".  i','. \    i),u  k  to  the  to\\  n-dii] >•«  re>j>e(  tive!\ .  *<>r  rtii'O 

'   >::    '  :..       ;     '  ii   i  i   l\      oi'     I    i  !j:|,i!-\  .     I  S  ^,.    •  1;,-    .(•_;.,, it  •;;•,•   , 

a<  '  ..';'h.  >r;/ :i:_  the  -,.iie  i>;  s'.-i  t.ciit  sixteen,  in  \'iam-. 
'in  ;  iie  ;d.  i  ;,i  \  M:  A  ]  >r;  .  i  ^  i  7 .  .mother  ,u  !  \\  .1  -.  |  >a->-« 
.iiiii.|:-i:';«  '•>!  tile  re-j.n  '  i  \  e  c  o'intie-  to  ^,  M  the  -<  lion 
•,..-.•  u  i>  '.  .i"!  |oi  th  it  |i'if|'0^r.  I  nder  ihe-e  tu  o  iaw 
•••.tii-ifo!  .it  >eiiei  a  i  o-inty.  in  the  laii  o!  iS;.|.  -.^d  aii 


4;t'>  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

appropriated  by  Congress  for  the  use  of  schools,  and  full  payment  lias  been 
made  b\ .  and  deeds  e  \rcii  ted  and  <Ir  live  red  to.  tin-  purchasers,  for  the  saint- : 
and. 

W  ii  i-:i;  i:\s.  Doubts  have  been  expressed  as  to  the  tith1  of  the  purchasers, 
and  as  to  the  appropriation  of  the  said  lands  for  the  use  of  schools  :  and. 

\V  11  KKI:  \-.  In  1  lie  \  ear  1M~>.  the  west  half  of  sect  ion  twelve,  in  the  same 
township,  pursuant  to  an  act  of  the  general  assemhh  of  ( )hio.  (passed  March 
loth.  IM"..  was  in  like  manner  .sold  as  hinds  appropriated  for  school  purposes  ; 
and. 

W  11  KI:K  \-.  ll  is  believed  that  all  the  purchasers  of  both  tracts,  purchased 
in  the  con  lid  en  l  belief  that  1  !n'\  would  acquire  a  n'ooil  t  it  le  b\  such  purchase, 
and  u'a\  c  fair  prices  for  t  lie  land  so  purchased  :  and. 

\\  11  1:1: i-:  \~.  ll  is  presumed  that  the  I'nited  Stales  will  readily  comtirm  to 
the  iidiabitants  of  such  township  said  section  sixteen,  and  that  it  was  never 
intended  h\  congress  that  an\  larger  quantit)  of  land  should  beappropriated 
for  such  tow  nship  :  therefore. 

HI  mil  >;il  Inj  t]i<  iji  tn  i-itl  it**  ntlilif  nt' tin  >'<"'  nfOh'm.  That  our  x-nators  and 
representatives  in  congress  lie  rei|iiested  to  use  their  iiitlueuee  to  procure 
the  passage  of  an  act  of  congress,  providing  for  the  coniirmat  ion  of  the  title 
of  sect  ion  sixteen,  in  said  township,  to  those  holding  the  same  li\  grants 
from  the  slate  of  (  )hio.  and  also  for  the  pa\  meiit  of  the  purchase  money  of 
the  west  half  of  section  twel\  e  into  the  ireasur\  of  the  I'liited  States,  a  ceo  ril- 
ing to  the  terms  of  the  sale  thereof. 

/,'.  .-•<,/ !•*<!.  That  the  n'o\ernoi-  lie  re(]iiested  to  for\vard  copies  of  the  abo\e 
preamble  and  resolution  to  our  senators  and  representatives  in  congress 
respectively. 

KI.IAS   F.    DlfAKK. 

Sjieaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives. 

si-:.\r,ri:v  F<H;I>. 

Speaker  of  the  Senate. 
JANTAKY  17.  1^1'i. 

It  i-  scarcely  necessary  to  say  that  the  legislature,  in  passing  the  tore- 

L,r«»inur  !iungiiiur  resolution,  knew  nuthing.  or  cared  less.  al)out  tlie  treaty 
of  i  S  ;  i .  William  Alien  and  Thomas  (.'onvin  were  senators  from  Ohio 
in  congress,  aiid  Henry  St.  John  was  representative  trom  this  district. 
The  subjoined  documents  will  >ho\v  that  the  preamble  and  resolution 
were  rei  eived  .iml  reterred,  and  the  opinion  ot  Menjamin  !•'.  Hutler.  of 
New  York,  then  attorney  general  of  the  I'nited  States,  obtained. 

Mr.  I 'oik  \va>  elected  president  of  the  I'nited  Mates  that  fall,  and  t  lie 
war  with  \I  e\i<  ii  broke  out.  The  mailer  slept  ant  il  some  six  years  ago, 
when  the  \vril  '  tli  •  requesl  oi  some  parties  interested,  caused  in- 

i  I'urv  to  ' '  •  ma  '  •  •  ng  tlie  subject .  ujjon  which  tlu  to! lowing  corre- 

s  1 1  <  i :  i  ( !  e  i ;  i  •    •  •     tie: 


AI>AMS 


47 


S  i  A  IK  i'i    <  Mm-.  t 

A  i  in  K  ii:  i  -i    S  i  \  i  i.'-  <  M  i  n  i:. 

Col. I    Ml'.l    -.   <fptellll.er   I  -".III.    1^71.   * 

IM.VK    MI::     Ymir-   i-t'   the    Nth    in-l.    i-  at    hand.      I    hand    >nti   hen-\\  itli 

cu|  ijes  nf  It- ttfl'S    |'|i  ill  I    the    (  'i  -III  III1-- I  "Her    i  >t    I  he    I  ii-lie]  al     I  .and   I'lliee .    date  d 

.lul\  L'l-t.  Am,rn-l   lnth.  and  >ept-  ml"-!  -Jd. 

I'le.i-e  l-eai  in  mind  thai  tin-  i|iie-tii-n  i-.  l-\  uhat  anthi'iit1.  \\as  the  land 
-Mild  fi-i  -rhn.il  pnrp"-e-  '.'  '1'hei  e  i-  m  i  <  I  mil,;  thai  it  u  a-  -•>  -i-ltl  in  ls:;r,  and 

1 1  v,  a-  ermiif  nii-U  e\.  hided  I  imi i  pi  MI  la  mat  inn  "I  -ale  "t  1  he  ^i-in-.-a  n-x-r- 
\aii.m  .\..\emher  I  ;ih.  KM.  and  -,>!d  a-  -•  Im,-!  land  in  K;.;.  The  -.-M-rimr 
i  -1  (  'hii '  \\  a-,  in  1  s  |u.  a  !\  i-ed  t  hat  it  -  -ele.-t  !•  -n  I'i  -r  -eh-  "  -1  pm  p"-e-  u  a-  iia- 

pl'nper.   aild    Unllld    lint    he   -Ill'lllitled    t'l-r    the  app!"\.ll    "I    the   -eriVlaiA    n|'    the 

trejiMin.        In    IM'..    llmi.    I  >.    I..    Yuiee.  nf  thi-    I'tnti-d  Mate- senate,  in   his 

i  itlieial  i  a  pa  i  il  \ .  i  eipn  -ted  in  l>  >t  mat  ii  >n  ii|n  -n  tin-  -id  -ieet .  N  i-t  \\  it  h -landing' 
the  ijin  -linn  ha-  Ihn-  l-fi-n  a'^ilatfd.  il  due-  ,i«l  appear  tliat  during  all  the-c 
\i-al-  it  ha-  iu-rii  fmall)  di-pi--ed  nt.  and  I  ran  h.H'dl>  en|irei\e  il  p"--il-le 
that  the  parlies  Mllele-ted  -hi'llld  he  U  h  1. 1 1  \  L'IH  H'a  111  ••!  \\liat  ha-  tl  ,,!!-p!ted. 

1 1  i-  pi  "pel  in  a- Id  thai  thai  pai  I  .  -t '  t .  -\\  1 1  . :,.  I,'.  I '..  !;,  i  m:  mil -ide  t  he  ImHinls 
"I  the  re-ei  \  al  ii-n.  \\  a-  eni  il  led  In  a  hall  -eel  inn  "1  -••h.ni'l  land  .  and  the  u  e-t 
half  ut' sei-I  imi  r_"  \\as  -eh-etrd  therel'nr  in  |sji;.  |  am  nnt  a\\  are  that  an\ 

add  it  !.  ilia!  -elect  ji-l  is  \\  el  e  e\  el  Iliade  ]i  .;  I  hi-  1 1  -\S  1 1 -i  I  i  p.  \  .  1 1  ii  •  h  i-  e|n  !  I  led  'i  i  a 
I'llll  M'i-1  ii'll  nt  scliunl  lalld.  Re-pert  I  l|!l\  . 

.IA.MKS   \\  I  I.I.I  A  MS. 

Anditnr  .-I  Mate. 

M  VIT.  <  M    <  Mi  n  i.  / 

A  i  i>t  i  *  <i;  i  ii    S  i  A  i  i :'~  (  'i  i  n  i:. 

<    ''II     M  I'.l    -.   *-'   p!  ein'l  -e| •  L'''i  I: .    1  •*"  1.    * 

//•     .    II.  /...„,;.   /;•'',,.  1,1,;,,: 

1  >;    \  i:    MI::    V  "in  -  i<!   I  h"  '_'.'.  d   in -I . .  :n  i  ••!;.!  :»\>  '  »  '<  la-  -,:  !>    ni    -n  ;  i"ii   I'-.  T. 

lla-  land-  !ia\  inu  1"  i-d  -"Id   a-   -eh.',.!    land  !ii    I  -  '•  and    1  v.7.  ,  .,  (•  i  I  nr  ;  1 1    lull. 

aild  deed  -  e\  eel  It  ei|  J  hi  I  '  I"l'  li\  the  Ll»\  eim-l  .  i  e.,|,  -i  ;id  \  "II  i  i  !  i  'Led  rnpjrs 
n!  !;:••  -alll'-.  it  de-iled.  I  pli  -nine.  al-n.  thai  tin  |e  '-  I,.-  i,  l.iit  \\hal 

the  -f  I '.mi  -In  iid,  |  i  :.;'.e  I., -en  -"Id.  u  ;  I  h  !  he  i  ,,,  i.;  n,  ,  •  ,-t  ;  !.••  i  -  -•  :  \  .,!  l.-ii .  I'nr 
i!:.'  hell,  !'!  "1  the  Indian-.  That  1-.  1!  -linllid  lia'.i  h-  .  n  inr!  llded  in  t  he 

pi '  -idi  ni  '-  pi  "r  la  ma  1 1"  n  "1  -ale  in  KM  .  Im  it  appi  a;  -  !  ha!  I  he  -nl-iei  t  n| 
title  \\a-  i';"ii'_hl  lie|"ie  the  ueiieial  .;--'  m:  !\  MI  \  -  i ]  .  .ind  a  pieamire  and 
ri  -"!n;  i"ii-  pa---  d  i ' -i  i  ni  •-!  in-j  ni  i  r  si  nal"i  -  and  i  -  pi  e-i  n:  a:  i '.  ••-  . ;,  <  ,  ,i;u'j  r--  t.  > 

pi'ni-lll'e  the  pa--,l'_re  "t'  all  art  rnlilil  ininu  the  lilii-  I"  -.lid  -eri;,,|i.  in  -,.iid 
ln\\  ll-hl)'.  fte.  ^i  e  (  Miin  i,|\\  -.  \  "1  ||.  p. ,_;.  _"i-. 

The   .illes!:, Hi    :    !  -I    I"    h,    dele;  Illlll'  d    !  - 
lind'  !    !h.     -a.d    !.  -ni, Mini,,   -       |;    app.  a-  -  il  .  :..   n    -!    :!  .    .  .  .lulu  it  t ,-,- 


47* 

le-jfislat inn  relative  in  iliis  case.  In  1Mb  \\'illiani  Allen  and  Thomas  Corwin 
represented  this  state  in  tin-  I '  niled  States  senate  ;  1  Ion.  ( 'oliimliiis  Delano, 
secretan  ol'  the  interior,  represented  Kno\  count),  ami  Ilenr)  St.  John  rep- 
resented Seneca  count)  in  the  hon^e  of  represent. it  i\  es.  It'  the  latterat  that 
time  <lii|  not  pnr-iie  this  ease  to  a  linal  i-sne.  it  is  |in>l>alile  that  it  nowstands 
preci-el)  ;is  j|  ,i  j,!  in  |s|,;. 

If  the  case  remains  unsettled,  permit  me  to  surest,  that  it  is  properl) 
stated  in  the.preamhle  and  resolutions  of  .lannar)  17.  l^lii.and  a  remedy  pro- 
liosrd.  Sii"h  a  dhpo-.it  ion  of  ii  as  would  u'ive  the  Indians  the  same  average 
|>rice  pei-  acre  as  was  n-ali/ed  h\  them  from  the  I'emainderol'  the  reservation. 
would  be  equitable,  ami  I  should  suppoM1  satisfaetory.  Trill)  \ours. 

-I. \.MKS   WILLIAMS. 

A  nditor  of  State. 

I  >i:i'A  ISTMKNT  or  -nil-:   I  \ TKI:K>I;.          f 

( •  I:N  1:1;  \  i    LAN  i>  ( )i  i'K  K. 
WASHINGTON.  I).  ('..  November  1f>.  Is74.  \ 

ir.  /,,/„•/.  i-:,  i..  Twin.  <>/>;»: 

Si  i:  :  Voiir  letter  of  t  lie  nth  in  si.  is  received,  relative  to  sect  ion  Hi.  T.  :\.  N  . 
I!.  Hi  !•]..  in  Seneca  county.  Ohio,  and  in  replv.  I  have  to  slate  that .  \>\  the  sth 
art iclc  ot'  the  treaty  with  the  Seneca  Indians,  dated  February  its,  lx"l.  il  is 
stipulated  that  the  land  in  question  should  be  exposed  at  public  sale,  to  the 
highest  bidder,  and  hence  the  proposition  of  the  present  claimants  of  the 
land,  in  said  seel  ion  Hi.  as  stated  in  your  letter,  to  pay  sl.i'.")  per  acre  therefor, 
bein.n'  eontran  to  the  express  pro\  isions  of  the  treat\ .  cannot  lie  entertained 
b\  this  ollice.  I-Jespeetl'lilly. 

S.  S.    151   KDKTT. 

( 'oinmissioner. 

I  )i;r\  KTMKN ;T  oi^'ini-:   I  N'ri-:i;ioi;.         '/ 

( .  I:NI:I:  A  i.   LA  N  i>  (  )KKICI-:. 
\\'  Asm  M.  i  ON.   D.  <'..  .Jul\   iMst.   Is74.  \ 

Jtmi-a    H'l'IIItini*.   /•>/•-    Amllti,,-  Sttiti   of  Ohio: 

Sii::  In  m\  eominiiiiieatioii  of  the  :;oth  nil..  \on  were  a<lvised  lhat  "the 
west  half  of  sect  ion  Ii'.  T.  .'!.  K.  1'i  H.,  situated  in  Seneca  county.  Ohio,  was 
v  lee  ted  for  schools,  under  the  act  of  Ma\  i!nth.  1  SL'I;.  in  lieu  of  section  Hi.  then 
1 1  \\  ned  b\  the  Seneca  I  ndians  :  that  prior  to  the  cession  to  the  I "  niled  States 
b\  the  Seneca  Indians  in  their  treat)  of  the  LSth  of  February.  Is.",!,  of  the 
laiids  bordering  on  thi>  traet.  the  inhabitants  of  town.'!.  N.  H.  bi  K..  selected 
other  tract^  fur  -ichoul  purposes,  in  lieu  of  said  section  bi.  \\hicli  was  then 
owned  b\  said  I  nd  ian^.  ainoiiu'  which  select  ions  was  the  \\  est  half  ot'  sect  ion 
]-J  :  t  hal  t  hi--  select  ion  had  been  appn>\  ed  b\  t  he  see  ret  a  r\  of  the  treasiir)  on 
ihe  pjih  of  .lannar).  \^'ll .  and  had  ne\er  been  retroceded  to  the  I'liited 
S;  ill's  :  l  !ial  --cct  ion  in.  ha\  in^-  been  ceiled  b\  t  he  Indian--.it  wa--  pri  >\  ided  in 
ai'licle  s  of  th,- art icles  of  agreement  and  convention,  made  I-'ebrnar)  L'^th. 
I  v,  | .  l,et  ween  i  he  Seneca  I  inlian-  and  t  he  [  "nit  ed  Stales,  that  t  he  lands  ceded 
h\  -aid  Indians  -hoiild  he  broii.u'hl  into  mark>  I  and  sold  for  their  hem-lit . 
and  thai  1  hen-  \\  a-*  no  e\  idence  on  tile  in  this  otlice  to  show  that  said  sect  ion 
-.JMeen  ha-  e\er  been  | >rocla i ined  for  publie  sale,  according  to  said 


479 

>>t'  tin-  luiii|->  i-mlirarrd  \\itliin  tin-  hit--  ^••ii'-'-.i  iv-«-i  \  at  iun .  "ii  tin-  "vindii-k) 
ri\iT.  in  !u\\n-hip-  _'.  ."•  and  I.  N  "•!  ran_'>->  I  •  and  1'i  Ka-t.  <-n!ilainiii^ 
IIMKNI  a.  TI--.  \\i-iv  >ulil  in  ar.-ui  daii'-i-  u;Ili  tin-  piv-idrnt '-  pi ' "  lama!  i»ii. 
i la!--. I  N'.. \.-ui I •••!  1  '.  KM.  u  i lii  1  In-  i- \o-pt  i,.|i  ,,|  tin-  I'.tli  -«••  Hun.  \\hn-h  ua- 
i-xrludr,  I  rii  LIU-.  ,n-h  l>\  tlic  -ai.  I  pi  »••!.  uu.  ii  \<  in  a-  'and  I'--,- 1  '.  i--i  I"!  Iln-  ii-i- 
..!'  --I,,,,,!-,. 

lii  v  <  MM  ruin  in  ill  i  irat  iun  I"  tin-  "iti.  .-.  •  >t'  111'-  '.<>!  1 1  ii!!,.  v  "ii  ->i.i!i-  that  tuu  n- 
-hip  .", .  ha\  i  ir_'  a  In!!  -'•<•!  I  '!i  !'•.  tin1  -  iin>-  ha-  l»-»-n  -.1  i!i|  t>  ><  'In1  u--r  »]  ^••\\<  ><  >U 
tln-M-in.  aii-l  Ilia!  it  i>  |'i'.--iiiui-.|  th.-  U.--.1  hail'  «\  -..-.  -ti<-n  !_'.  i  i-li-i"!  «-i|  \».  !•••- 
l"iiur-  !n  -Mtiii'1  "1  IHT  !"\\  n-hip. 

(in  th'-  1  -I  .•!'  I  )--'-i-iiil"-r.  l>|n.  ill,-  u'"V'-Mi<>r  -if  nli!"  u  a>  a<!\  i-.-'l  \>\  l.-ttt-i 
!i"iii  tin-  "ll'n -i-  that  tin--  -.IT tii m  1'..  h>  tn-at>  u  ilh  Hit-  I  n-lia!i>.  i-  t»  (»•  -"!•! 
I'm-  th'-ir  lii-iii-lit  a-  ulln-r  pai't-^  "1  tin-  II---I-IAI-.  aii'l  i-»uM  ii"t.  a--  lia'l  l-i-i-n  ilr- 
t-i'lnl  l'\  tin-  att«'i!i-'\  lifin-ral  <>\  th«-  I'liilr-l  Slatf".  i"-  -••!  apait  t"i  tin-  u^i- 
"I  --i-h""]>.  aii'l  thai  nii'liT  tlic-M-  iiircuni>taiii>ii««.  it>  >i-!,-'-t  i"ii  MI  tin-  pri-^i-nt 
<-a-'-  li'-niur  rmi^i'lfi'i-tl  iinpri'|ifr.  it  \\a^  nut  ^nliinili'-c!  MI  tin-  li-^l  ut '^i-huul 
lainl^  1"!  tin-  >tati-  ut'  ()hiu.  lui  tin-  appr»\al  "t  th,-  -.-,-1-,-tai  \  ut  tin- 
t  n-a-in •> . 

(Mi  tin-  1th  "f  l-Vl.ruai  \  .  I  M(>.  thi-  utliri-  |-n-«-i\  n!  a  ro|iiiuimii-at  i"ii  i'rum 
tin-  Hun.  \).  I.,  ^'iili-i-.  i-liainnan  "I  tin-  i-uniinit  [>•>•  mi  pi-i\at»-  lainU.  I'uiti-il 
Statf>  >i-liatf.  rin'l<»iii^  i-i-rtain  rfMilntii>li-  uf  tin-  L'l-ii'-i'al  a--i-inM\  "Mhi- 
-tatt- ut' (  »hiu.  i;i  n-latiuii  I"  •M-i-timi  ^i\tf-n.  t"\\  n-hip  ::.  N.  1!..  -:\t>-<-n  \-'... 
in  Sriifca  i-uiint  \  .  ami  rt'ipii-~t  inu  !»  |M  linni-h'-d  \\iili--iicli  i'ac-1  >  in  i«-ti-i  - 

flici-  t"  thr  -^lllijrrt   ;i-  Illi'^llt    In-   H--i-|'ul    t"    tin-    ru|  ||  1  u  i  \  Ji-i-.  ;ilnl    ill    lfpl\    ih'-]i-- 

t".  ilatril  I-'I-IM nai'\  7.  1^1''..  M:.  Viiln-  ua>  a'l\i-M-il  th,it.l'\  tr»-at>  -iipnla- 
tiuii^  \sith  tin-  ^i-iiri-a  hi'lian-  tin-  >i\ti-i-nlh  M-rlimi  in  ipn--liun  \\a-  t"  IK- 
>u|i|  t'u]-  tln-ir  lii-in-lit  a>  uthi-r  pui'tiuii^  ut'  tin-  trad  ri-dnl  l.\  t  ln-lii.  a-  pt-r 
trrat\  ut  |-'i-l-nia!->  J1^.  !<'.!.  ami  run]. I  inH.  a-  had  ln-i-n  i|i-riil,-il  l.\  tin-  attuf- 
m->  -_r'-ii'-tal.  I"-  >••!  apart  t'ur  tin-  n>i-  ut'  >rlnm|s. 

AN"  th;it  tin-  \\  1-^1  hall'  uf  x-i-tiun  t  \\cl\i-.  in  tin-  -aim-  tu\\  n-liip.  ha.  I  ln-t-n 
-i-li-rli-,!  l.\  tin-  inha'hil.int-  tln-n-ul'.  in  HI-II  uf  th,-  >i\ti-i-nth  x-i-timi  pi  I.M  tu 
tin-  ,-••— iuii  t"  the  I'nili-il  State-,  "t  tin-  latl'-r  tra.-t  1>\  tin-  Indian-,  and  tin- 
si-lnt  ii.n  "f -aid  \M--t  half  "f  >i-i-ti"ii  t\\i-l\  i-  u  a>  appi"\,-d  \>\  tin-  -i-rn-lan 
,,f  tin-  I  ii-a-ni  \  .lannai'N  1'J.  I-L'T.  And  ;il-u  a-  pi-r  art  ii-!,- i-i-^hl  uf  t  In-  ;  n-at  > 
!,-!>•!  icd  tu.  , ill  ul'  tin-  land-  tln-n-li\  .-,-di-d  nin-l  !•-•  .-xp">,-d  tu  pni-Ii.-  -al.- 
iirfuM-  tin",  ran  I  "•  i-n  1  i-r-'d  a  -  "I  In- 1  u  i  -•  •  d  i  -  pu-(-d  uf. 

Tin-  ••  ail;.1!.--  uf  a-_rn-i-iiii-iil  and  n>ii\  i-nl  iun  "  an-,  in  !  In-m-'-h  ••-.  i-'i-av  and 
Mii.iiniii'j  ii"ii-:  lln-i't-  i-  in-  <-\.  -i-pt  iun  ,i-  tu  thr  -iMrrnt!,  -rrtiun.  I;  u.-uM 
In-  an  in!  I'.lrt  iun  ut  i  In-  1 1'i-al  \  and  nn  MI-!  t"  ;  hi-  I  nd  :an-  ;•  •  ad  in  ;I  ,UI\  r ',a:ni 
,,i!  thi-  pal!  "I  tin-  -tat<-  i"  an\  p.i!'.  "I  tin-  land-  n.il  <'.  .«•<••]  in  Iln-  n---iun. 
Tin-  t|,,,-t:-i"p.4i  --!.!!. -d  in  ML-  "p-i,:"n  •-:  \l'.  A:'-  •::.«.  i. .-n.-ial 

lint!,  ..  ut  M.,!.  i:  I.:  1 -.  ...  [ti|-  i  l."--tau 

i-.--.i-i  .  ,ii!"i.i;.':'  '  >:•  '!'..n-  ••:  .t" 

'1'ln-  ar::-!i  -I  :' 

|  |  i    -,  if\\     i  .!       i  !:  !  -      I'l-i    itat  i"ll     ul       |.|.   i  -     .I!,.!      ,|l|I  I.  ha!    Ml    ihf 

u|  lii  i  iui  i  u|  l  h;-  ..:li'-'-.  !  In-  a'-t  ;u|i  uf  i  ),••  -l.iir  an!  h"!  •:  i"  • .  ::,  app!..p!  :at  :n^  and 
ili-P"  •!  n_r  u!  -aid  -r.  I  i"ii  -ixtrt  n  !"i  -rhu.v  pii:  p..-.--  :'.  '.•  u-i!  and  ,,.!,-,..,  d 


4X0  HISTORY    01"    SKNI-'.CA    COUNTY. 

no  til  If  to  the  purchasers,  ami  thai  said  section  remains  subject  to  sale  under 
the  pro\  i>ions  of  the  eighth  section  of  said  treaty  of  I-'ebruary  I'll.  ls.",l. 
Uespectfully.  S.  S.  Ht'HDKTT, 

(  'oininissioner. 

I  M:I'AI:TMK\T  m  Tin:  I  NTI:I;I<>I:.          > 

<  •  i:\  1:1;  \i.  FAM>  <  >i  i  ici-:. 
WASHINGTON.  D.  <'..  August  HI.  ^74.  \ 
.////,/.>•  nv//;,/,,,,,.  I-:,-./..  .\H<I;/IH-  stud  m  <>/,;,,.- 

MI;:  In  the  nintler  ivlntin.u;  to  section  sixteen.  township:;.  X.  !{..  It;  K.. 
Seneca  county.  (  )hio.  and  fully  treated  of  in  m\  communication  to  you  of 
tlpj  "JIM  ultimo.  1  ha\e  in  state  that  a  cop>  of  the  above  communication  was 
laid  before  the  honorable  secretary  of  the  interior  on  the  iMth  ultimo  to 
obtain  his  orders  in  the  matter  of  the  sale  of  said  section  sixteen. 

The  st'cretury.  h\  letter  of  the  :;oth  ultimo,  in  reply  to  the  above,  con- 
curred in  m\  opinion  that  said  section  sixteen  was  subject  to  sale  under  the 
provisions  of  thetreaU  with  the  Seneca  Indians,  made  February  i!s.  Is;;]. 
authori/.ed  (he  tract  to  be  sold  accordingly. 

In  accordance  with  the  above  authorit).  the  register  and  receiver,  at 
riiillicothe.  have  this  da>  been  instructed  to  proceed  in  havim:'  the  above 
tract  brought  into  market  b\  publical  ion  for  I  he  period  of  sixt\  da\  s  in  two 
ne  \\  spa  pers  ha\  in  if  t  he  largest  circulat  ion.  published  nearest  to  the  premises. 
and  ;it  the  expiration  of  the  above  period,  to  offer  the  said  section,  in  leiral 
sub-di\  isions.  to  the  highest  bidder  for  cash,  and  not  less  than  >1  .:J">  per  acre. 

Iiespectfull)  .  S.  S.  15l"KI>F/rT. 

(  'ommissioner. 

I  >I-:PAI;TMI:\T  <  i]'  -nil-:  I  NTKKKM;.         f 

(  ;  i:\  1:1;  A  i.  I,  A  ND  <  )i  i  ici:. 
WASHINGTON.  I  ).  ('..  September  -2.  1^71.  ^ 
,/«////-.s   HV//;-,,,,.v.  /•>/..  .!</,/;/,„  •>•/,/.',  ,,f(tf,!n: 

Ml;:  Volll'  letter  of  17th  ultimo  is  received,  relative  to  -ection  sixteen. 
townshiji  .'!.  N  .  It.  1'i  F..  in  Seneca  county.  (  )hio.  and  in  repl\  t  hei-eto.  I  have 
to  state  that  on  iln-  :;isl  ultimo,  the  register  and  receiver,  at  (  'hillicothc. 
Were  not  ilied  to  dela\  proct  fdinu's  in  the  matter  of  advert  isim.;'  the  above 
section  for  puMic  sal«-  until  fmlher  ofilers. 

li  i-  not.  however,  to  be  understood  that  this  otlice  lias  changed  or  niodi- 
lied  the  \  it-\\  s  heretofore  expressed  relati\'e  to  the  status  of  said  sect  ions. 
and  imlc-.-.  a>l>'i|uate  n  a^ous  for  a  prolonged  siispcusioii  arc  shown,  the 
order  1"  proceed  \\  ill.  at  an  eurh  da\  .  be  issued. 

Ver\  respcctfiiii>  .  s.  s.  F.r  I;DI-:TT. 

(  'ommissioner. 


STATK  01--  <  )nio. 
A  r  I»IT«  n:  <  <\'  S'i'Apn-:'s  (  )!•  nci-:. 
(  'i  u.i  M  i;r-  .............  1 


h;     I  \     •era\\  1   elielosetl.  \\  liidi   is  ttf  Yiiluc  tinly  ;is  shoW- 

llie   cii|iiiui>>io)icr    iii    ihe    matter.     The  re^olut  ions  of 

'   'i  -i  I    In    in     I  he  correspondence.  \\  ill  be    foil  nd    in    Ohio 

i'4e   J'<^.      (  >nc    \\niiltl    ^iippi'->r   that    the  matter  would 


If  lift.  \\h>   was  in»t  tin-  laii'l  --o|,l  |,,r  III.-  lii-iu-Iit  •  >("  tin-  lii'liaiis  at  that  .lat«-. 
ami  an  a>l.lit  ifiial  halt'  srctifii  »!    laii-l   -i.mt.-'l  tin-  tos\  n>hi|i  l'..r  si-h,...!  pur- 

POSI-N:-  n  -s|,.--uiiii>.  m  \v  .1.  \\T-:r.\n  >I;K. 

<  '!••:  k  1.  1   I.;ui'l  1  ).-|..u  tun-lit. 

I  'he  <  n  v,ani/at  ion  .  >\  Aiianis,  111  >\  n  n  1  :  n  i  hapter  \..  i  Lit  r>  :  i  <  mi  1  >e<  (.-in  her 
0,  i,X_>r>.  It  thru  inelu.iet!  a  tier  ol  M-.  t;.  >:>•>  lr<  mi  I  h.  mipNon.  the  I  mllans. 
hni.iiii^  tlu-  larger  portion  mi  tin-  \\est.  Tin-  lii-t  to\\  n>!»:p  clci  tn>n 
w.i>  In-Ill  on  Moiui.u,  (  'hfi^i  in.i>  iia\,  -Sthoi  I  h-<  cin!)i-r.  i  ->.'>.  .it  the 
ho'i>c  o|  S.inun-i  \\'hitriu.in.  wlu-n  thr  io'iouin^  t;<  kct  \v.i>  rlr<  teil. 

<  'li-i  k      Al'i  alt.  mi    Kinc. 

'ri-|i»tri->      Mai  1  MI  (  >lil>.  I..  T.  1'iiitli-r.  Tlioin;!-,    |  .f  im\\  ith. 

(  )\  ,  r-M-i-r^  ot  tin-  I'oi.r     (  'hai  1--^  ^h.-lli\  .   s.uiini-!  \\liitfin.in. 

I''.   Mr.-    Y|.   Ur!->       (•.    l.i-i-.   SallllK'l    I  1  .1  It  ->oi  -k  . 

'rr'-a>uri-r     (  '\  i  n-.  \\'riurht  . 

Sii|>i-i'\  iM>r>     \\illiaiu  MNIT-..  \\  'illiain  Mi-ail.  l-'r.uifi-<  K\,m^. 


1:;  i.S;o  it  luiii  a  population  ot'  ,s  ;  .-,  iMhahinn'-;  in  i>.;..  1.^50;  in 
i.s;j,  i.Si7-  lanir-  (  'roi  kct,  |ohn  Krr^lcr.  I  >.ip.ii-l  Kuli-.  l./r.i  \\r>;. 
|aiiu->  M.  Intin-.  |.»hn  M\n-.  N:.  hol.i-,  Nor!  an.!  John  I'.iiiu-  wrn-  aUo 
anioiii;  tin-  r,i;-'i\  Nt.-ttli.-rs  In  i^'v  tlu-  |>'i|iulati.>n  i>  i.'u.}. 

.  \ii.un-  II.IN  .i  Liri-at  natiM'al  .  urio-jty  that  h.i>  bo  oinc  lainu'.i-  l)_v  "he 
"water  inre"  e-^t  ;iMi->!mirnl  near  (liven  Springs.  It  i-,  \}\c  spring 
itNi-h'  sshi<  h  II.IN  lu.-i  oine  <  eiebrate.l  \>\  the  e\i  eilent  nu-ili.  Mial  .pialitics 
ot'  UN  water.  I  '!:  e  1  1  e.  !_;e>  >  prin.;-.  are  near  the  in  !.  1.  He  ot  >ei  lion  seven, 
on  lainls  loniu  rl\  owne.l  bv  |o-;ah  !le.l_;e>.  Thelireen  Springs  are 
J-IN-  i,  I-ON-,  :hc  line  in  >.uiilM>k\  enmity.  The  water  .  oine-,  nijt  in  iar^e 
'  ]-;.  i:!'.  i;:.e-.  i  le.ir  anil  eoM.  an.l  the  so'.Mine  i>  lie.  ;lier  :n.  ri-.i^eil  nor 
ili:n  :i;-!  ..I  l.\  the  ehan-e  of  the  sea-on-.  'I'he  water  trom  He.!_;e-> 
^p;  :,_->.  ;io\\in_;  in  a  NtiutherU  .!;re.t:on,  enters  lle.u  er  i  reek,  i!''\s:n_; 
thro  :_!;  A.ianiN.  en'.  eriiiL;  Pleasant  ;n  set  tion  t  \\el\e  a  no  tMrir.n.4  north 
w.i:  •  il  \  i  1  enters  Sail'  hisk  \  <  .  I'int  \  .  1  h  IN  i  reek  .  !er  .\  ei  1  UN  name  II  oin 
the  _MM;  iriiulier  ot  heasei'N  that  were  i  .  ;n^ht  alon^  UN  i  mii'se. 

M  :  .    Ileiies    li'i  i't    a    mil!    on    this    .  i  eek    in   I'iea  N.I:  it  .  u  i;  .  .  ii  .n  .  ;-;:ri-«i 


4>Sj  HISTORY   or   SI.NKCA    COUNTY. 

part  of  sections  thirt\  OIK-  and  thirty-two  in  township  4.  N.  R.  16  in 
Sandu>ky  county. 

i  >n  tin-  first  of  January.  iSoS.  a  water  cure  was  opened  for  the  recep- 
tion of  patients  suffering  from  diseases  of  the  blood.  liver,  stomach, 
kidne\s.  urinar\  organs,  and  all  chronic  diseases.  Manx'  legends  are 
told  of  the  wonderful  cures  ol  the  water  aiming  the  Indians,  blended 
oi  ciiurse  with  their  iiMial  superstitions,  hut  tune  and  space  will  not 
ad  nit  ol  repeating  them,  nor  is  it  the  intention  ol  the  writer  to  adver- 
tise the  water  cure.  Suffice  it  to  say  that  the  cure  is  well  patroni/ed 
and  is  a  splendid  institution.  Jacob  Stem,  Daniel  II.  Dana  and  Uishop 
\danis.  with  their  families,  were  the  first  settlers  of  (ireen  Springs. 
In  iSjo  the  population  ol  the  town  was  jo..  and  now  numbers  some 
i.  po.  It  i-  situated  on  the  Cleveland.  Sandusky  \  ('iminnati  rail-- 
road: has  three  Protestant  churches  and  one  Roman  Catholic  church. 
Daniel  11.  Dana  was  the  first  postmaster  of  this  place. 

Another  town  by  the  name  ol  Adamsville  \vus  surveyed  by  Thomas 
lleminu.  April  ;o.  1X41).  llenry  Kistter.  proprietor.  Iledgetown  or 
Sulphur  Springs  was  surveyed  and  platted  in  '  ^  }.  These  towns, 
together  wiih  l.owell.  were  all  lailures  as  towns.  (ireen  Springs  is  now 
the  reMdeiice  <i|  lud^e  HuL:h  \\'elsh.  ot  whom  mention  is  made  else- 
where. and  who  is  one  of  the  oldest  inhabitants  of  Seneca.  M  rs.  I  n-ham 


Mr.   Daniel   Met/^er,  of  Adams,  has  furnished  the  writer  with  the  I'ol 
lowing  i  ni  ercst  in_;  communication.  \  i/: 

ADAMS.  .Marcli  ±j.  l-^u. 
//••».  H.   /.,,„;/.- 

1  ))•:  A  i:  Si  i:  :    In  ri  imp!  ianer  \\  it  h   \  <>ur  request  .  I   send  you  such  stalemt>nts 

nt'  Ailaius  to\vuslii|i  as  I  ha\eat  m\  command.     M\    tatlicr.  Hcnr\   .Md/u'cr. 

\\  as  I  Him  in  l'»'inis\  1\  ;ini;i  in  I  7!i7.  and  canif  tn  I'iekau  a\  <•>  unity  in  !Mi'  wit  h 

liis  t'al  licr.      lit-  \\  as  married  in  |  hai  eoiinl  \  ID  (  'at  lit  -ri  IK-  \\'  isc.  \\  IIDSC  |ian-iil.s 

(Mini1  1'niiii  1'iiiDii    cuiinly.  I'ennsx  ]\  ania.    and    also    sHlled    in    I'it-kaway  in 

i    "  '•'.      In  lli1'  t;dl  uf  is:,;;  nmxed  t'l'oin   l'icka\\a\  ID  this  ri>unl\   upon  llie  larin 

u  In  !•'•  I  IID\\   i  -csidi  .  and  \\  lii-rc  In-  din]    .March    1.  ]sr,s.     Mot  ln-r  \vas  horn  in 

1  7'.-  1.  and  i  !  sh..  |j\  (•-,  inn  i  1  i  h,-  j  u  |,  d;t\    (>\'  m-xt    A  u--iisi  .  \\  ill  lie  si;  vcar>  nld. 

I  !:'-;i.i  I  M  -rf.  and  \\  hil"  ri-fordinn'  1  his.   Ma>   I  ^.l^Mi.  Mr.  Mel  /ui  i  inlDrins  me 

!'    his  mi  .1  In-;    died  ihis    morniiiL"'.       M>   lather    i-ntercd   this    lain!    al    Ihe 

'id  "Mli,-..  in  DII.-V  ]-i|s.      Mis    [.aleiii     js    simird  1>\  <,i-iirra!    .lacksoii.      \\'hen 

'   !ll'i\f  I   iMi'i'i  this   farm   theiv   \\as  Iml   a   tree  cut   mi   it.  i'\ce)i!   all  iiecasinlial 

"!  •••  i  '>   -'  'Jin    .\  inn  •  H|  in  i  !n-  C|L;S,-.     (  )n    the    direct    mad    from    mir    place  in 

I  ulin.  HI.-IV  uas  Inn  on.-  limi-M-    until    \\  c    arrived    at  Thomas  I.'.   I-;ilis".  and 

ilial  \\a-  (    riah   l^'hert's  small   i-aliin.     The   lir.si    tinif  \vr    \\cnt    ID  Till'm  we 

li.i'l  In  ciil    DIII     wa>     tln-Dii-'li    ID    the    I'di-ilaiid    mad.  near    K^hert's.     .Jacob 


Howriiiiati  wa>  aiH'thrr  i>M  M'Hlri .  Hi-  i-;um-  in  l-o>  tnun  Scnrra  r..unl> . 
Ni-u  Y"i'k.  I  !••  \\  a-  l>"in  in  IVnn.-A  I\  .nil. i  and  iii"\«-<l  I"  tin-  ^talf  "I  \i-\\ 
Y"i  k  u  I ii-n  .1  l">\  .  ami  man  if 'I  hi-  u  il«-  I  ln-i  ••.  HIT  inai'lt-n  iiain--  \\  a--  Mar> 
IJili'T.  \\h»  ua-  al-"  .1  nalivf  "t  l'«-i  i  n-\  1 » .in  :a.  Tlif-f  »\<\  I"!k-  !i\f<l  \»- 
•_•'•!  I  !••!  a-  in  in  a  in  I  u  i  It-  I""!  t»"  \  •  -a  i  -.  I '•  i\\  ••  i  man  «!if  •!  \  u  _'n-i  I1-.  I  "•"'•.  a^'fi! 
-!  \f.n  ->.  '.  ni.'iilli-.  aii'l  -_'J  'la\  -.  I  I  i-  u  ilf  ill"  i  -><>ii  alt.- 1  a  I  tin-  a-f  "I  7s 
\  i -ai  -  1  ni'inlli-  ami  J  ila\  >.  Tin- .  Ii\  t-«i  ami  <!  n--!  "i«  ;  In-  l.n  m  u  In- n-  ilu-y 
-f  t  l  ',t-"l  \<i  \  f  ai  -  I't  I '  'i  f .  .l»hn  I  Si  '\v  f  rman.  a  )n'"l  hf  i  !  <  •  -l.n  <  <\  •  .  <  aim-  in  1  >.';! . 

I  !»•  hail  -f  i  \  fi|  in   1 1  if  \\  .u    "I     l-l_'    in    N  c  u     Y"!  k.     .li'ltn  1'H  l  if  »nl  f  aiuc  tn 
!  hi  ->  |..u  n-!i!|>  in   I  -  ::n  I  i .  «.n    I  'an  lid'!    i-mint)  .   «  >hn>.      .|..h:i   1  'a  ;  I  if  •  aim  •  a)  "  'ill 

I 1  if  -<  :\u<-  i  i  n  if  1 1  "in   I'ifkau  as   ciiiinl  \  .  <  'hi".  \\  In- 1  f  In-  u  a-  ma:  i  if  •  I  I"  a  M  i-s 
l..iu  1 1  IP  f .  x\  In  i  i«.  ^i  1 1!  !i\  j  n_'  a  i  pi    in  Ir-i  '  'n|  h    \  far.  a  IP  I  •!•  n-  -  ln-r  1 1\\  n  IP-II--'-  - 
\\  "i  k.      1 1  IT  iin^liaii'l  ha-~  !>ff  n  ili-ail  a  mmii'f  i    t»t'  \  t-nr-.      1 1  •    \\  a^  a  nat  ;\  f  nt 
N.\\.lfi^f\.      .li.hn     l'a:iif    \^a>    a    ^iiidifi     in    lln-uai     "I     I-I'J.      1 1 !  -  u  ii|n\\ 

•  i  i  a\\  >  a  [i'  1 1 ->i  i  MI  :  n  f"ii--fi|iif  Hi  f .  \\  1 1  i  lam  M  \  ••  I  -  'A  a>  ai-"  "M-  "1  I  in-  In  >t 
-f  I !  It  i  ••>  in  i  f.  1 1  f  i -a  IIP-  1 1  "in  l-'ai  i  lit- i'l  fi'iini  \  .  I'll!  \\  a-  l'"i  n  in  V  n  _'inia. 
1 1 '-  u  iif  \\ .,-  a  <  ai  -"ii  ,in  I  In.!  li  ':  v  >•  I  i..  in-  \  .-r\  i.l'i.  '  TlnTi-  \\I-M"  a!  -«.  II.IIT 
in  '!!i  •!-.  "I  I'M'-  \\' In'.f  man  laiir.U  aiii"ii_;  ill--  lii-l  -"Uifi^  IP-IC.  Tli"\  •  ann- 
t .  'in  i '  -n  :i-\  !\  a  nia.  Tin  n  nain  •••  v.  f  i'f  ^am  n  -I.  I  'an  if ! .  -I  .if »! '  a  IP  I  A  1  >:  aliam. 
ThfN  al!  !i\t-i|  i"  a  lint-  "M  a •_:'•.  I'Ui  art-  IP  \\  all  'I'-.pi. 

<viiii:.-  ,i  iiiiiui'fi  "I  "iir  \"iinu'  IIP  n  \\fiil  1"  lip-  ua1  a^ain^i  Mi  L:_:an  in 
1  •«. ; ",.  Tip'-M-  i  l;al  I  it'iiif  mlii-r  \\  f  if  >  iimif !  Mf  i  /  ^rf  i  .  \\  ; ! !  i.iin  I  'aiip- .  ^"1"- 
ni"i!  I  I  •  ipjif  ^  a  IP  I  A'lain  ^pai  if. 

A  i;"l!ifi  ••-,'!  -i  U  If  r  ii\  fit  nil  liit-  Killi.'iinif  mail,  in-rthra-l  ••!  Kf  i-nl'!1,'-. 
--"in  •  i  "ii  l  inili  >.  11  '.-•  naiiif  \\  a>  \\  f  i  >l  >.  1 1  ••  k«- p;  a  -ma  !  1  >ti  iiv .  1 1  f  ]>"  a!f 'I 
IP-;.-  al."iit  1>L",. 

'I'l  if  if  a  if  l'<  HI  r  i-i  ft'k>  tli  i  ,\  i  IILJ-  ;  h  :~i  iiiuli  i  li  i-  I'  >\\  n  >lii  p.  I  leas  f  r  f  i'f  f  k  ml'-i's 
lip  l '  '\\  1 1  -h  1 1 1  a  I  '  in-  -"ill  1  if  -i  fi  >HPT.  run  ni  114  u  i'->l  al  n  iir.  t  \\  "  in  i  p- >.  u  !  p-n  it 
luin>  ipiriliUfM  aipl  lakf-  up  lip-  ">ii  1  pli  n  r  ^priir.;-  aipl  inn--  ip'i'.h  in!"  xi  n 
'!  u-k  \  fttiinl  >.  anil  t  lii'i  1114)1  1 1  I"  !  IP-  l>a\ .  >iiurar  i'1'f  f  k  iakf  -  ii  -  i  IM-  in  \\\i- 
ii"!'!  li  !'  1 1  i  "I  ^'-i  pi"  1  "\\  n-ii  i  | '  a  IP  I  fill  •  i  -  \  'lam-  a  I  '»ni  "ip-  a  IP  I  a  -hail  miif> 
lii'iii  ilp-  -"Ml  ii  \\  ••-!  '  "iip-r.  aip  I  liking  a  ii"i  1  h\\  <•  -I  >M  1\  i-"iir-f  ir..--,-;hf 
!'"!!!. iii'i  i'M'1.  ip-ai  |),inifl  li'ulf  -.  ami  Irnin  lip-if  inn-  \\t--Ii-rlx  in!"  sin- 
^aipl  'i-k  \  :  :  \  •  i  .  !!"•_:  inn  In-  ail  -  in  a  -mail  p!  a  i  i  i<-  mi  tin-  la  i  m  "I  N  !•  h"ia^ 
N  •  •! .  I '  :  -  a  -'i  'i  !  -: ;  -.1:11  an  I  f  n!  •]•>  '  h  •  1  '<•  -a'>  -r  al  »  ml  "!P-  mi  '•  -"Ml  h  •  'I 

i     f  n' !  i-  "'     \   !,im-.      I '.  HP  r-"ii  ••:  <•  ds  i  ;-•  -  in  !  IP-  IP>;  '.  h  u  •  -'.   pa! '.  •  •'.    1  ii"!ii|>- 

i .  an  i  ! . ;  i . : : '  _  ;  i :  •    HP-    u  ,  i !  ••  I  -    " !    I  h  f    I  a  IIP  •  n  >    1 1 "  \  f  l   •  1 1  i '  1 1 .  i  u  n  -  i  n  •  a !  '.  \   •  I  • :  •  • 

I  . i ! .  I  i  • ;  i '  1 '. •  .  i  .  •  :    i  •  1 1  f    n  1 1 '  f    '  • " '  : '  •    "  1     A  '  I .  i  m  -    '  •  i  •' '  •  .       1  : . ••  •  •    \\  a ^ 


4S.J  MIS'!  DRY     OK    SKNKCA     OU'NTY. 

located  in  thi>   to\\n-h;p.   on   the1   farm    where   their   son    Nicholas   now 
livi^,  p.:tv  \car--   auo. 

john  Noel  and  l)i->  \\ife  were  the  parents  ol  lilteen  children,  seven 
ho\>  am!  eiidu  uirN.  ot  whom  lour  lx>v>  and  three  ^irls  are  still  living 
|o)in  N'".]  died  October  .:<ith.  I.V6^,  a^ed  eighty  six  years  and  fifteen 
davs.  Mr--.  Noel  dud  in  September,  1^47.  at  the  a^e  ot  sixty  se\'en 
Years.  r:  ree  month--  and  twentv  ^-evcn  davs. 


M>  grandfather  was  a  soldier  in  tlic  revolutionary  war.  lie  ret urned  from 
the  arm\  and  died  from  an  alwe^s  in  his  >ide.  lea\in^  my  father.  . \lliert  A.. 
hi>  onl\  child.  The\  lived  in  he  sout  hern  part  of  Pennsylvania,  when  in\ 
father  wa>  raided,  and  \\here  he  married  Kli/aheth  Tivens.  M\  \>:\\\  nt> 
IIIM\  rd  tn  iii-ai1  Li\  frpnnl.  in  1  Vrr\  connt  \ .  I'ennsylviinia.onto  a  I'arm.  Here 
I  was  l:u]ii.  (in  tin-  l';iid\s  nf  the  SiiMpidianna  I'iver.  They  lived  here  ;  1  out 
nineteen  years,  and  when  1  was  about  twelve  \  ear>  old.  we  moved  to  ( 'oliiin- 
bi;nia  eoiintv .  Ohio,  and  stilled  on  a  I'arm  lit  ar  Xe\v  Lisbon,  in  LslU.  .My 
father  had  two  children  1\  his  first  \\ife.  and  four  b\  his  second.  M\  two 
sifters.  1'arbara  and  ( 'alhai  inc.  wt  re  married:  the  foimer  to  laikeSt;,^e. 
and  the  other,  who  was  married  twice,  died,  and  lelt  I  \\  o  ilan^hters  and  one 
son.  \\lin  li\e  in  Illinois.  T\\o  \ears  after  we  moved  tol'olnnibiana  county. 
\\e  miiNt'd  to  IJlooniiield.  in  Trnmbull  connt\.  near  \\  arren.  M\  father  had 
1  en^ht  a  faim  here  and  \\  e  settled  on  that.  Here,  on  the  7th  da\  of  June. 
1  -'Jl .  I  \\  a>  married  to  .lane,  the  danuliti-r  of  farmer  ( iro>scost .  in  this  town- 
shi|>o|'  lllooiiitield.  1  have  also  ;i  brother.  Samuel  Hide,  making  four  of  us 
children.  '  \\  o  lioys  ami  two  n'irls.  Samuel  lives  in  Illinois  now. 

I  n  1  --L'l.  in  the  spring,  and  after  m>  brother  Samuel  was  married,  lie  and  his 
family.  \\  ith  father  and  mother,  moved  to  Scipio  township,  in  this  county. 
and  afoul  >ix  \ear>  then  all*-!'  the\  sold  mil  and  boimht  on  section  thirtet'ii. 
in  ( 'linli  in  1<>\\  nship.  \\  'here  brother  Samuel  opened  a  nice  I'arm.  Fat  her  and 
iiini  her  lived  will:  him  until  they  died,  but  m  a  separate  house.  Fat  her  diet  I 
in  lxl'',.  and  niiither  two  \ears  thereafter. 

\\  hen  lii'iither  Samuel,  fatlier  and  mother  left  Trillubnll  coiint\.  I  \\as 
married  and  eoidd  not  LT"  \'.illi  them  that  spring.  I'lit  I  follo\\ed  them  to  this 
eoiiuix  in  tlie  next  t'a  1 1 .  Ib  re  I  liiiii.j.'lit  an  eighty  acre  piece  in  Scijuo.  at  the 
land  "'Hiee  in  I!iie\ni--.  It  i^  the  land  now  owned  b\  I'liilip  Miller.  I  built 
a  e:d  >i  n  here  a  HI  j  idea  red  about  b  irt  \  -li\  c  acres.  M  \  taniih  \vere  sick  I  \  nea  rl\ 
all  Ihe  lime  \\.-  M\ei|  here,  and  I  >nld  the  place  to  lniy  land  in  Adam--.  M\ 
!'n'-i  purcha>e  in  \dams  \\a>  one  hiindri  d  and  se\  cut  \  -1  hree  acres,  \\dien  I 
! ;  i~i  i !  m  \  i  .i1  in  l.i  1 1  I  h::i!  In  I  i  IIIL;  m  ;'  r!\  all  m\  help  \\  il  h  me  1 1  om  Sri  pin. 
i  h'Te  l'i  i'-L!  1  Ml  \ll\  l'i  \\  M-tl!i]>  ill  tlie  l'e^cr\e.  Af'Olll  one  \  ea  r  a  1  !  er  I 
mo\eii  ||.-re  i  bought  llilli  1\  >e\l  II  ,11  |i  -  flnlll  .In^-epli  (  'nll/i  Tt  -i  ill.  and  >ooli 

;  1 1 !  i  i  •  e  i  j  1  i  i  -,   a .  ;  i  -.  1 1 1 '  i  re  1 1 1 1 1 1 1   I )  r .  > !  •  \  i  J  i  >  o  1 1 . 

A  I'!  ei  '.'.  .,rd  -  I  i"  •;:  ^  hi  nin<  I  \  -t  IIP     a  en  ->  more  from  Mr.  11.  I!,  'l'i  MI--,  admin- 


istrat<>!  of  Karl  Church,  (l»-cra-.r.|.     I  let  my  tun  s. »im.  Isaarainl  H\  mil.  have 
one-halt'  -MM'tinn  ut'  Ihi->  lain!. 

I  st  ill  ivm  lin   mi   thr  nM   h'iiiif>t«-:i'l.     M\   wife  dipil  mi  tin-  >ITCMH|  'la>   of 

I  >,'<-Pllll>rr.    ]^1  >.    aur''  I    *"'\  rllU --M-\  I'll     \t-aiS.   Mill,-     Ill"ntll>  ;i!l'l   t-i'^hl   •••i|  ii;l\^. 
SilP'P   -^llr    i>   '_r'Mir    I    t'rcl    ln>t.  all'l   a-^   il     1    UtMV  <>I    ||ci  aivnlllll  Inllli'  VA'||!   i.       \\'c 

IKP!  l>-ii  i-liiMivii.  \  i/  : 

I  ,!|'-\ .  \\  h"  i>  It  if  \\  it'.-  t>!'  .f  i-r.-iniali  I'.^'.i  T(  :  KM/  i'n  -tli.  lir-  \\  i  •!••  A  n!"  1  >.i  11- 
Si  ill  A  fll  ;  S  mi  1 1  •!.  \\  IP  i  'lit-  I  in  1  >">0.  \\  li  MI  I  u  fill  \  -t"'>ur  >  f.ir>  iil,|  ;  A  lii'-r!  A  .. 
\\lii  i  '1  ii-'l  a  f'-u'  tla\  -»  a  1 1  ••!'  >  uii!i  -i .  \>  >',\i  "I  ^111  ill-p  >\  ',  I5»  r.  >:i .  wii'i  in  irri"i| 
Mai  ili  la  VnrU.  ,.r  <%l>.|r.  Oliin;  M  ,i  t  i  1,  in .  u  Im  ,  1  i,  •,  I  u  I  i"ii  -i  \  \.-ar-  ..M  ;  Man  . 
\\  it''-  "!'  I  >a\  iii  '»  .  I  >u  1 1  "\\  :  l^aa--  I'.,  u  IM  u  i^  W.HM  !•!"••  I  a!  tip-  !•  till  •  of 
<  'iii  'kaiii  iu_ra.  aii'l  'i  if!  in-\l  ila\  :  h1'  \\  a^  li  -nt  "iian!  nt'  <  '<•.  I .  Ini  ^;  i  .-•_;;  in -Mil 
(  ).  \  .  I ..  ami  Ira'li  ii'.:  hK  <'"iti|un\  \\  li'-n  hi-  rf-'-i\  fl  tin-  \\  >  niu  i  :  an  1  1  >  uiit-1 
('..  \\im  in  trrif  1  Klt-aimr.  <1  uiurlitrr  i>f  I-',  irl  ( 'hiir.-h.  \\  hi  >••  u  ;  !•  >\\  i-<  ^;iil 
li\in.r.  (  )iir  \t>niiLt.'>i  rhiM  ua^  -^lill-h  irn.  l-'iv-  <>\  \i\\  i-lii:  ir  -n  aiv  •-!  ill 
li\  i  ii'j:.  M  \  I  \^  i '  ^niis.  l>\  mil  an<  I  1  lani-'i.  aiv  li\  in_r  ii'-ar  in--,  a  IP  I  'l"i!P_r  \\  ell . 
ami  >n  an-  aN<>  I!P'  ilauirliI<T>  I  ha\f  I'-l't. 

I  kip-u  Small  ( 'i'Mi'i  Spii-cr  well.  1 1  ••  \\  a>  a  lial !'  lnvr.l .  lall.  ^!fip|f|-.  \\i-ll 
jin.p«.rlimii-.|  aiPl  ur""  I  l""k:;i-.  II, •  li  i  I  >i:il\  Inir.  hm  Ir.-  >•!  !  k--  IIP- 
nili.-r  I  niliaii->.  Ill-  \\  ilV  \va>  ^  <  'n>\\ .  an  1  a  '•!••  in.  plc-i-ani  \vn:n  in.  \Vip-n 
I  rani"  i  >ni,  i  th"  iv>,-;'\v  h'-iv  lh"  \\  li  il  •  -,'!  I  Icr-.  \\  ,-r,-  l>ui  \>-\\  .  .Iain  ••»  <  'r""kft 
li\  ftl  .MI  t!i«-  \\'at^'Mi  i  a  mi  :  Mr.  M  -K\\  m  li\  •  i  na  i  'i  •  M  •  \I  •  MI  -  \<l  t  •  •  : 
'Si|iiiiv  Hi  iiT  rai-M-il  a  caliin  mi  tli,-  |i!a'-f  lii  i!  -1  i  -nil  1 1"!l/.  i'  m-^lii  aU-T- 
war, U  :  >i  ik.-  <  "lark  li\v-l  in-ar  tin-  ri\  t-r. 

1  \va-;  i"  'in  (  )  -in'  i.-r  _:>.  1  --U] . 


CHAPTER  XXX 


BIG    SPRING     TOWNSHIP. 


THIS    township    was    ori,rani/ed    March  6th,   iX}-,   and    received    its 
name    from    the  hii{  spring  of    water  in    the  southwest  part  of  tile- 
township.       1  he  first  election  was  held  April    4.   iX^.  and  the  following 
were  the  officers  chosen,  vi/: 

Trustees     K.  llou'art  and  Kichard    I»e\  nolds. 

Clerk     William    r.r;i\  t<>n. 

Treasurer     1 1  uii'h  Mulholland. 

Fence  Yiewers     ('oi'iielius  Uncart.  Andi'e\\    Sprinu'er  and  .Inslma  \\'atson. 

<  hcrseers  nl' the  l'o<>r     Flijah  I>ra\  ton  and  Charles  Henderson. 

Constable     Austin  Knoxvltoii. 

Mr.  Knowlton  is  still  living,  and  while  he  enjoys  ^ood  health  in  his 
old  ;ti,re.  is  a  very  pleasant,  congenial  gentleman.  The  others  of  those 
officers  are  all  dead.  I  think. 

In  1X40  the  township  had  a  population  of  9-5:  in  1X70  there  were 
2,224:  in  i  XXo  it  is  2.04X.  Tin.'  above  named  officers  and  John  1'eer. 
Hiram  I'.o^art.  I'll.  I'eer.  J.  Fu/ader.  the  Youn^  family,  the  Stiles,  and 
others,  were  amonu  the  early  settlers. 

It  will  he  noticed  that  the  first  settlers  were  American  horn  and  no 
(iernian  name  is  found  amon^  them.  From  i  X  }  }  to  iX.jj  a  very  lar^e 
number  of  (  ierman  and  1-  rench  families  came  on.  and  after  Mr.  Anthony 
S<  hindler  bought  land  and  located  in  section  twelve,  main  of  his  old 
neighbor-,  from  (ierrnany  setth'd  round  about  him.  Here  IK*  laid  out 
;i  town  and  named  it  after  his  native  town  in  (iermany.  New  Rei^el. 
The  old  (ierman  settlers  were  Anthonv  and  ('aid  Sihindic'r.  (oseph 
Ki-choi'.  |ose|>h.  Stejihan  and  l.andelin  Urosamer.  lacoh  Kabele. 
Miiliad  Schon.  Nicholas  I'erl.  Nicholas  ;md  l;rancis  F.]ti:_r.  I'eter 
Rim-h.ar!.  Michael  \\oll\-.  Nicholas  and  Francis  F.fchen.  lohn  \\  a^ner. 
Ii;nat/  I.ehnliarl,  M.  Si  hlachtcr.  John  Moes.  Joseph  Kies.  the  Kern  fam- 
ilv.  the  I 'annenlioellers.  the  S<  hiraks,  the  Scibenalcrs.  and  others. 


.}$; 

Aiming  the  Kreneh  tamilie-  were  the  I  .atoiitaines.  the  1-illiatre-.  the 
\\  rrnement-.  1'  ('ollet,  |.  Man^ett.  tlie  ( iilli.iuuifs.  and  other-. 

\Villi.ini    icnipelnuin  wa-  .111    original  -or:  of  ,t  (  hanu  ter. 

M\  r-teeined  oM  triemi.  I heodoir  M  |-r:nk  HIM-'.  DO;  be  ( ,\  erlooked 
and  a  -hoit  -keti  h  o!  In-  hie  w.!i  In-  found  below 

("n. tiles  Si  hindler  :m>\  ed  ui-oiithe    land    where  h<-  now    live-  ,n    1*^5. 
HI-  bought    .1    i  .t-t    iron    -!o\e  irom  op.e     !.!'    i!i     \',e\\.   :n    I     'udon   t»\vn 
slut-  about  three  mile-  north    <>\    where    I;.-  I!       -Mi'r.1    w:;h.  h;-, 

If. I  111  .Ulii  (  ie«  >r^e  \\  ehrie  !•  •  _;e!  thr  -t«  'V<-.  V  •  I  \  i  .1:  .  \  .  i-  Hi.  H  !) :  II..'.  .l!l«l 
alter  i  he  -!o\  e  u  -a-  !•  I.H  iei  i  •  m  :l.e  w  a.:-  -n.  tl.i-v  ha-i  a  ,  i  ;  \  -'.-iv,  ilnvi-  with 
their  o\  :e  ifii  '.!);• '-.:^:i  tli-.1  -u.ile-.  1  hi  \  -'  tlievi  :na:i\  :  ';ie>  .i-nl  when 
tiiev  i  ea<  he«i  ttie  i  ali;n  o;  \I  i .  1  .all  -n:a:ne.  :  \s  a-  ji:t<  li  'Ink  a:ui  :!i<-\ 
ha<!  io  -!a\  ail  n.^ht.  1  he\  reaihei!  r.i»:ne  iK-ai  noon  ni-\*  ilay. 
(  '  1 1  a  r  'u  •  -  S  i  i  i  i  n  1 1 1  e  r  w  a  -  1  >o  r  u  1 1 1  I  i  «.•!  1 1 1  K  ^  e  1 1 .  I  '• .  1 1  i  e ;:..;.  i  -  ^  . 

1  he  1  awheatU.  the  I'.OIK  her-,  the  i  !:•  k-  ami  »''••.•  -  -.sere  al-o  ainoii- 
the  earl\  -e  It  let'-. 

The  (  ierni  in-  w: i!  -ui  m  >  >',vn  the    w  In  -if  tow  n-h!]i.        1  ii<-\    ),a\  e  e\  ery 
;hiii_;  their  own    uav    now    lo    .1    \  ei  \    ^reai    e\ti  in.  li-;\  :iu  0:1!  all  their 
o'ul  Anieru  an  nei^hlior-  ami  turning   !'.;_  >j.rin,4    into    one    o;    the    nio-t 
weai!;i\    aini  pro-ju-foii-  town-h;p-  in  thr  <  o:int\. 

l-.lijah  lli\i\;oii.  in  i's--.  l:\'e(!  in  ('rawi.mi  eoun:\.  wh;i  h  then  in- 
eltnie«i  \\\atn!o!.  ami  -oon  alter  ino\eil  tn  thi-  lown-hip.  In  tliat  year. 
•  MI  the  j.Jth  oi  Sejileinlier.  he  lo-t  a  iittie  lm\.  thi.-n  aiiout  ei^ht  year- 
oiii.  in  the  lollowiiiL:  manner.  \:/:  'I'lir  ehiM  had  lollowed  an  older 
brother  and  a  neighbor,  wlio  were  looking  lor  i  attle  that  were  nn--inr;. 
aild  the  little  ieliow  wa-  sent  IKK  k  to  the  hon-e.  lie  lollowed  tlie  path 
that  had  been  pointed  out  to  'him  and  w  a- never  heard  of  a^ain.  I  pon 
liie  return  ot  the  other-,  the  alarm  wa-  ^iveii  throughout  t!ie  neighbor 
iiooil  and  ever\!iod\  turned  o;ir.  e\  en  ilie  Indian-,  and  -i mired  ihe 
i  o'intiv  tar  am!  wide,  but  witho:ii  an\  <  hie  to  the  m;--in^  boy. 

1  luring  !hi-  -ran  h  Neal  M«(iaife\.  ol  lo;;  I'.aii.  the  iir-t  <  lerk  of  the 
i  our!  (|t  i  oinnion  plea-,  and  -ome  other-,  i  amped  all  n;_;ht  on  the  -pot 
:  !iai  w  a-  ai'.erw  ard-  ini  1m  led  ;n  the  tow  n  o!  I\  i-iioii  anil  w  hu  h  :-  now 

.!!     1    oMof.   I. 

[  !;:•  ;o\,vn  oi  Spring  die  wa-  -'i:\r\ed  b\  l'.r>:d  l\,-don  in  !>;.}  lor 
1'.  it.:;  mdlohn  lenkin-.  propj-ietiir-.  I'in  town  ne\  er  .:rew  mm  h 

I  !:e   -pr.n^wa-    ome    a    \er\     jiow-filui   i.»n-'J    a:.d    for:ne'!    a    -mail    lake. 

1  !,r  w  i'i-r  'A  >•  -  ver\  'irrp.  i  irar  and  •  oi,;  ^.;;,  e  the  i  oimtrv  ha-  iieen 
<  !  •  f  r  d  .;..  '!;.•  -pi  ,n-  ha-  io~:  urn  h  oi  .;•,:-•  •!!••  ,  .-i.-bi  :.'\  and  w. mid 


488  HISTORY    OF    SKXKC'A    COl'XTY. 

on  the  i;th  of  Lebruary,  1844.  on  sections  jjs  and  36,  on  the  Mad  River 
\  Lake  Lrie.  now  the  Cleveland,  Sandusky  iV  Cincinnati  railroad. 
Lrastu->  II.  ( 'ook  and  H.  ('.  Henderson  were  the  proprietors.  LliCehr, 
Adam  Yctter.  b'hn  ('.ants  and  Charles  Foster  were  the  first  settlers  here. 
The  town  grew  up  to  its  present  si/e  within  a  lew  years  after  it  was 
laid  out.  and  stood  there  ever  since. 

Anthony  Schindler.  who  laid  out  New  Keigel,  was  a  very  active, 
livclv  ami  enterprising  man.  Very  soon  after  the  laying  out  of  this 
town,  people  settled  in  and  around  the  town,  and  put  up  a  log  church, 
which  in  time  gave  was  to  a  brick  church,  and  that  in  its  turn  to  one 
of  the  largest  and  mo;  t  beautiful  Catholic  churches  in  northern  (  )hio. 

The  town  ol  New  Rcigel  is  now  settled  up  by  tanners  who  have  be- 
come wealths',  and  wish  to  spend  their  last  days  at  their  ease  near' the 
church,  and  a  brotherhood  and  sisterhood  of  the  'Society  of  the 
Precious  blood."  who  own  very  large  tracts  of  land  near  the  town. 
The  sisters  officiate  as  teachers  ol  the  youth.  Lather  M.  Sales  P.runner 
was  the  founder  of  this  order,  and  the  lir-t  priest  in  New  Keigel.  There 
are  about  sixty  persons  in  the  nunnery  at  Ne\v  Reigel  at  the  present 
time. 

The  land  in  I'.ig  Spring  is  very  rich,  and  when  the  prairie  in  the 
southwestern  part  shall  be  thoroughly  drained,  as  efforts  to  that  end  are 
now  bein_r  made,  l.ig  Spring  will  be  the  rich  garden  spot  of  the  counts'. 

There  is  a  stony  ridge  in  the  southern  part  of  the-  township. 

Aiming  the  earls'  settlers  should  also  be  mentioned  the  lloucher 
families.  Peter  I. ant/.  Naac  Hewitt.  Lrederick  \Vaggoner.  Ira  Taft. 
William  P>!ue.  i-racl  Ilarmas.  \\'.  Ihirgess,  I'eler  \\"anner.  M.  ('lark. 
Louis  Schany.  \\'illiam  Clark.  L.  H.  Cook.  L.  Mrayton,  the  lenkins'. 
Joseph  Clapper.  John  Lllerton.  Henry  Mulholland  and  C.  \\oolford. 

i  o  1 1  N    Y  o  r  X  < ; 

Settled  in  the  woods  about  halt  svay  between  Springville  and  New 
Reigel.  in  the  spring  ol  18-;-;.  I  L-  came  trom  near  (  'anal  I  )i  >s  cr.  svhere 
he  hired  >;~se  team  to  bring  him  here  It  took  him  three  svccks 

to  gel  h.i  ;  w  inhabitants  of  Springville    were    about  one  half 

whites,  and  the  others  Indians  Here  Mr.  Voting  met  ;i  man  whom  he 
ou  e  knesv  in  "Mark  counts'.  b\'  the  name  o;  |acob  (  Iwser  svho  offered 
!o  piln!  Vouii:  ami.  and  said  he  lis'ed  near  Springs  ille.  and  pre- 

tended th  i!  h  id  to  go  home  first  to  get  the  number  of  the  section: 
but  ;!!-;••  id  ol  ling  he  lingered  around,  and  was  seen  -everal  times 
peeping  '.•;'  '  big  wagon,  no  doubt  watching  for  a  chance  to  get  into 
the  big  i  hest.  \\'hen  Mr.  Voung  told  him  that  it  sva>  time  to  uet  the 


489 

map,  he  went  away  ami  never  returned,  but  was  -seen  by  MMIK-  hunters 
sneaking  around  the  camp  the  tollowin^  ni^ht,  dressed  in  an  Indian 
co-ilume. 

(  >n  the  next  dav  Mr.  \n'in^  ninved  out  onto  his  land,  win-re  the 
famiiv  wa-  left  in  the  wood-,  and  the  ti-.ini-.trr  returned  to  lenkins'  to 
fee'!  Icnkin-  kept  a  -on  of  tradin.;  po-t  at  the  Spring.  To  _;ct  outo 
the  land  wa-  IM  MII  ill  j»h.  There  wa- no  road  t  hat  way ,  and  the  -wale-, 
were  lull  of  water.  Ni^ht  overtook  them  betore  the  land  wa-  re.u  hed. 
I'lu  \  unhitched,  eiit  -oine  wild  _;ra-s  tor  the  hor-e-.  and  ate  and  -ic|>t 
;n  the  wa^on.  Mr.  Voim.u's  family  <  on-i-ted  oi  him-elf,  hi>  wife  and 
three  -mail  boy-.  1  1  !->  lather  and  hi-  w;ie'>  brut  her  <  aim-  nut  here  with 
h;m  tu  set1  lnm  i;et  started  in  the  wn.id*>. 

At  ni^lit  the  men  tnnk  turn  abmit  in  wa'<  h:n_'.  'I'hi.-v  k--;it  n\>  a  iar_;e 
lire,  and  had  a  Newfoundland  do^  \sith  tliem.  who  ^av--d  !h--;r  ii\e-,  a> 
will  soon  appear.  <  >n  the  next  dav  they  rea<  hed  tlie  land,  about  two 
nVltx  k,  where  they  ha-^tiU'  unloaded,  to  _: i \  e  tile  teamster  tinii-  to  re 
turn  to  >pr:n_;\  ille  to  leed  h;>  >tar\  nu  hor>e>.  1  he  men  then  p1;'  up  a 
very  temporary  >hmtv  by  piantinu  lour  lork->  into  the  ground,  upon 
which  pole-  were  laid,  and  covered  w;th  «  lap  bo. mi-  ;n  .1  very  rude 
manner.  Thi-,  "(irand  llote!  de  \otin_;"  answered  the  purpose 
alioui  ten  day>.  \\lien  the  other  ho'i-c  \va-  iead\  to  move  into. 

lust  as  the  family  were  about  to  retire  <MI  the  iir-t  ni^ht  in  t!ii-> 
-ii.'.ntv.  the  bi^  do_;  -pran_;  out  into  tin  darkness,  barking  \  er\  fierceU. 
I  Ie  -aw  a  man.  and  would  ha vi-  taken  lioid  ot  him  had  im;  Mr.  N'ouiu 
•  li'ed  him  awa\  Mr.  \oun_;  thought  it  wa-  some  hunter  or  irie;:d!\' 
Indian  thi!  wante»l  to  ^ee  the  new  i'<  Hiier-.  but  the  man  walked  awa\ , 
ami  Mr.  \  oun^  <  <  nieiuded  ilia!  it  u  a  -  '  i  u  \  er.  Mr.  \  oun  •.'•-  hoi'M-  \\  ;> 
II-T  loo-e.  .im!  the  (  O-A  wa-  dr:\en  awa\  tliat  ninht.  Tii:-  i  re.i'.ei!  the 
ii-.ir  .•;  M  ••  \  .'•;;;__',  mind  t!ia!  thi-  pi  in  \\ould  m  ike  ;!ie  men  run  afv-r 
'}',<•  if-'  an;m  li-  ne\  :  day,  and  _;; \  e  t lie  \illam  am  *]  •;  ••  >:'\ un ::  \  to  [••  >!i  t 'u 
-i.  iii1  \  .  I  : . ••: •'•  wa-  no  money  i;i  it.  !io\v . ••,  er.  loi  M  •  .  \  o-.v.  ind  u-cd 
.;  '  ii  i '  i  \  i '  • :  !  i .  -  land.  (  i  \\  \  '  • :  -  •  > '  \ :  <  •  ' .  1 1 1  •  •  .  • : '  e  •  ~\\  i  rd  -  i  •  ' ' : '  e  - 


4^0  HISTom      id      SKNKCA     COr.NTY. 

Samuel  Yonnu'  xvas  born  in  Washington  county.  Pennsylvania.  August 
i  ;th.  i;<)4.  II'1  uas  -i  cooper  by  trade.  He  married  Isabella  Sntlon. 
Nm  ember  i  ;th.  iSiS.  lie  was  five  leet  six  inches  high,  had  black  hair 
and  deep  bine  e\  e>.  light  complexion  short  stubby  nose,  small  month  and 
(bin.  and  xx  .is  r.uher  delicate  in  his  tea  lures,  lie  spoke  some  ( iernuin, 
and  u.i-  always  very  lively  in  conversation.  He  was  a  pleasant  and 
peaceable  man  and  esteemed  lor  his  good  qualities  and  christian  bear- 
ing. He  served  on  juries  often  and  retired  sexeral  times  to  serve  as 
a  township  officer.  He  died,  many  years  ago.  Mrs.  Young  is  still 
li\  ing  ai  her  home  in  Adrian.  She  is  now  ;S  years  old  and  enjoys  the 
lo\e  and  respect  ot  all  her  neighbors  and  especially  that  of  her  children 
and  grand  i  hildren.  who  annually  gather  around  her  with  their  smiles 
and  ci  mgratulatn  HIS. 

Mr.   Yonim  was  6^  years  old  when  he  died  here  in    1,^9. 

Mr>.  \oung  was  born  I)ecember  ^i.  iSoj.  and  enjovs  xerx  good 
health  lor  a  lady  ol  her  age.  She  is  the  mother  ot  ten  children. 

In  those  early  days  a  large  tamiiy  was  a  pride  and  a  glory.  The  sin 
and  (  rime  ofa\oidmg  to  ha\e  a  tamiiv.  are  the  (hildren  of  these  later 
davs;  sins  and  crimes  that  are  not  punished  bv  law.  and  against  which 
the  church  shuts  both  eyes,  but  the  victims  mav  be  counted  b\  the 
thousands. 

\\  hat  will  the  world  come  to  when  this  dreadlul  <  rime  reac  lies  the 
masses  and  religion  tails  in  her  mission  to  save? 


Among  the  tew  native  Americans  that  live  near  New  Reigel  and  have 
not  yet  sold  out  to  thederinans  is  Theodore  M .  brink.  Ks, )..  the  sub- 
ject of  this  sketch. 

lie  was  born  in  \Vest  Springfield.  Hamden  county.  Massachusetts,  at 
a  plate  where  Holvokc  ('itv  no\\  stands,  on  the  south  bank  of  the 
Connecticut  "river.  \\hen  about  17  vcars  old  he  moxcd  with  liis  father 
to  Northampton.  (  Mi  the  2-th  ot  April,  i^^j  he  was  married  to  Miss 
Sabcah  Torry.  and  in  Max.  iS^o.  he  started  with  his  fainilv  for  the 
we>t.  1'or  want  ot  any  better  conveyance  the\'  took  a  t  anal  boat  at 
\\e-t  Trox  for  Piiilfalo.  and  tnnn  there  thcx  came  bv  steamer  to  ('leve- 
'and  ami  then  made  their  wax  :<•  Kaxenna.  I'ortage  county,  xvhere  a 
broth.i  r  ol  h  '  '  '  •  ved.  I  Ir.s  brother-ill  laxx.  Torrx'.  had  a  son 

li\  ing  in  I  \  i htee.  \x  ho  had  come  home  on  a  x'isit.  With  him  Squire 

l-rink  '  ::  (  )(  tidier  ot  that  year  and  bought  the  land  xvhere  he 

still  resides.  I  his  took  about  all  the  money  he  had.  and  he  made  his 
wav  b.;<  i.  lo  :'  :  enna.  one  hundred  and  hltx1  miles,  on  loot.  In  Janu- 


arv  following  lie  bought  a  yoke  ol  o\en.  made  a  sled,  put  his  wile  and 
goods  upon  it  and  started  tor  Hn:  Spring.  Here  he  opened  a  tarm. 
where  he  is  now  eointortably  situated.  iMir.n^  al!  this  time  he 
has  eii|o\ed  the  respet  t  and  esteem  ol  the  L.'ood  people  ol  I'.iu 
Sprin.;  to  sin  h  an  extent  tha*  lor  ei^ht  \ears  h.e  s<-r\ed  them  as  a  tnis 
tee,  and  as  pistue  o|  the  pe.u  e  ever  sin,  e  i.YjX.  \\'h;U  bet'er  prool 
can  be  required  ot  his  _;ood  repor!  amon_;  his  neighbors'  I  here  is  no 
man  living  m  the  township  who  stands  better  in  i  he  esii-cm  ot  its  i  iti  - 

/ens  than  Squire   I  r  ::k        11. s i    i  oinisel  is    s.,-i_'n:  da.'.;    and  he  has 

1  main  hti^at  .oils  b\  1:  s  ^ood  .nl\ne.  His  tu^t  \\;;<  d;ed  on  the 
•d  "i  l-ebr'.iarv,  is^,.  He  was  married  to  his  present  wile  1'iiv  ;.  i.So.v 
l"he  >.|M.re  remains  amoiiu  his  ni-.^hbofs  as  one  o!  the  olden  s(  hool, 
is  the  \ears  nu  rease.  the  i-strem  lit  the  people  tot  his  while  head 


CHAPTER    XXXI 


BLOOM   TOWNSHIP. 


T  N  the  preceding  chapters  the  recurrences  to  Bloom  township  and 
its  early  settlers  were  so  frequent  that  very  little  else  seems  proper 
to  be  said  in  making  up  its  history.  One  leature.  however,  must  be 
admitted  by  all.  vi/:  that  the  early  settlers  here  were  men  of  good  judg- 
ment and  great  sagacity.  ,vhen  they  resolved  to  drive  their  stakes  tor 
homes.  The}'  saw  in  the  near  future  the  grandeur,  beaut)  and  agricul- 
tural wealth  these  valleys,  in  the  hands  of  industry,  intelligence  and 
economy,  would  present  to  the  world  Its  soil,  timbers,  building  stones, 
prospects  for  market,  all  these  and  more,  were  great  incentives  for  the 
founding  of  new  homes  in  the  forest.  A  glance  at  Bloom  township 
now.  with  its  beautiful  (arms  in  a  high  state  of  cultivation,  with  large 
barns,  splendid  larm  houses,  fields  teeming  with  rich  crops,  its  pastures 
enjoved  bv  excellent  stocks  ot  horses,  cattle,  sheep  and  hogs;  its  com- 
modious school  houses  and  churches,  etc..  give  strong  prool  how  well 
the  aim  of  the  pioneer  settler  u'as  directed  when  first  the  tall  timbers 
tell  by  the  woodsman's  axe,  along  Honey  creek  and  Silver  creek. 
running  through  the  township. 

Thomas  Bovd  was  one  of  the  earliest  settlers  here.  He  came  in 
iSjj,  and  settled  on  section  eleven,  where  he  lived  until  his  death, 
\\li.i  h  i>n  nrred  November  j^th.  1^47.  Soon  alter  him  came  also  his 
brother,  fame-.  Bovd,  and  his  widowed  sister.  Mrs.  Marv  honiiell.  Mrs. 
Thoma^  Uaker  is  a  daughter  ot  fames  Bovd,  and  is  still  living.  Her 
father  mo\i  d  to  Iowa,  where  he  died.  Thomas  Bovd  had  tour  sons: 
James,  j.  s-e.  !effcr-on  and  Samuel,  ol"  whom  |esse  is  the  only  one  liv- 
ing. 1  I '•  .  -  .1  wealth \  tanner  at  Springfield.  Ohio. 

Thomas  B<,\d  was  a  remarkable  man.  1  le  was  of  fair  complexion : 
his  hair  was  thin  and  white:  he  had  a  nervous  temperament,  and  was 
very  a<  live.  He  was  about  six  feet  high,  very  raw-boned,  and  a  little 
>toop  shouldered,  vcrv  careless  about  his  dress,  vcrv  talkative,  and 


jjo--e--ed  of  a  ureat  quantity  ot  _;ood  -eti-e.  Mr  belonged  ID  the  I're-- 
byterian  i  hurt  h.  ;iH'l  \\a-  ver\  o-i'.-poken  on  the  -nbiet  t  ot  -hivery. 
While  hi-  w.i-  -i  pioneer  "ii  ;!u-  Iroii'.ier,  hr  wa-  ai-o  a  pioneer  in  the 
th'-ii  \"'in_:  idea  i  >!  aboiiiii  >n;-m.  !!<•  mad'-  w.ir  DM  both  the  DM!  par- 
tie-  who  i  o'.:!d  -re  no  <  oM-t:tnt:<  >n.ii  wa\  ID  -et  rid  <>t  the  institution. 
Virioiild  the  Aboli:ioiii-t~>;  but  \\;t:i  th.'-in  the  -y>ini!  \\.i-  \vron_;.  .mil 
lii.it  w.i-  cMDii^h  1  he  t.i-k  w.i-  Ii"!  »D  i-.i-y  wi'.li  -'  .itesineii.  !i"\se\iT. 
wh"  re^.irde'l  the  run'.-  .iiul  nr,e_;r;"\  "!  -!.i!e>  ,i>  :i\c«l  |iri!ii-ij>lcs  in 
DMT  iiirin  "!  uD\'iTMnient.  1  he  ;n-t;;!i'.;"H  te!!.  .1-  .1  ie>ull  "l  the  rc- 
liflliDM.  and  \\  e  .ire  .ill  .\l)i>hti<>iii»,t".  IID'.V.  .\rin~,  .ind  "  hi^lier  l.iw  "  in 
iie.nii\  cDiniiit  -Dtuel  ;ine>  a<  i  ":n|.h-h  e!uU  that  >l.ite>in.in>1hij) 
trrinlilin^ly  .ii).unh MI. 

I  M  '  he  -.iMie  \  e.ir  |"-e]ih  l'.;rn>iile  .irr;\  e«l  here  !  n  >;n  1  .1  ii  field  (  Diinty. 
.iM'l  -eu'u-i!  near  'he  niDiith.  D!  .1  little  run  th.it  ]iiit>  inr"  ll"iu-y  i  reek 
ju>!  .1  1::  tie  i!  >rth  "I  l;!""tn\  ;!!e.  b'.u  ;i-.i  eri.iiniii^  -DDH  th.ii  the  i.un!  h.nl 
been  entered  b\  Mi;neh"dv  eUe  Mr.  Keii  i  .  lie  rr."Ved  ;nt"  (  untDn 
t"wn-h;j).  .mil  li'i'.i^ht  the  l.uid  r.i-t  e.i-:  ni  the  IH-U  (  einetery.  u  here  he 
Ii\  ed  tile  re-,!  "i  li!>  d.l\  > 

In  i's.'.i  t  .line  .I!-D  |"->e]i!i  Mi  ( 'leiland  .i:nl  Neh.eiiii.ih  Il.idiey.  wlio 
were  !"lh>wed  b\  (lenr^e  1-  ree.  l.nweii  R"b;n>"ii.  !"hn  <  .  M.irtin  and 
'rh"ina>  \\'e-:.  witli  their  t'ainilie-.  Mr.  Martin  aii'l  Mr>.  \\\--t  are  -till 
li\in^  in  IllnoMi  iaine-  1  '.D\  1 1  -ettled  »\\  -ei  ti"ii  ei_;ht.  <>:i  the  lett  bank 
"t  il"iie\  i  reek.  (leDj-^t1  l-'ree  -ettled  on  -,et  tiDii  three,  near  the 
••  ( 'iDD-e  I'Dnd."  \vliu  h  wa-  a  (  Dii-idera!)!c  h"dv  "i  water  in  a  bend  "t 
Il"!ie\  (reek.  I  "\\ell  R"b:n-"i;  -et'led  "ii  -eetimi  ei^hl  Iled.ied  in 
( '.ihi'irnia.  Mr.  kn'iin-Dn  was  one  "!  the  a--">  ;ate  laiLe-.i:  >enei  a 
(  '  i'in'  \  .  a  lar^e  UI:IM  niar  in  1:1 .  and  |>"--e--ed  "t  a  Li""d  > |'iant ; ty  i>| 
(Dinni'in  -ei;-e.  lie  wa>  a  ^""d  ne:_;!ib"r.  and  rather  [mj/'ilar.  H.- 
w  ',: .  •  w  a  -  ,i  v  e  r  \  >  n  i  1 1 !  woman,  and,  lor  -  o ;  n  e  r  e  a  -o  1 1  or  other  the  two  did 
;;"'.  '.  \e\  -;\  :ia[']i;!\  together.  <i:ie  time,  \\ii;le  Mr.  Ivib.n-on  w.i> 
\  i  '  .1  --oi  :  ate  j.iid^e.  hi-  w:te  ]  ro-e«  i  red  h .  :n  i"!'  a--.rii;  and  bat '.  er\  ,  and 
•':..  !':•'._'•  \\  i-.  b"'ind  "\er  ',•>  '.!ie  i  "'irt  »\  <  oni!iio:i  pi. -a-.  lie  wa-  in- 
<!:.  '  >;  by  the  ^raiut  jnrv,  and  when  the  i  .i-e  i  anie  ;;p  tor  t1':  il.  the 
I  ..Le  had  t"  h-a\e  the  benc  !i.  ,  on.e  d  .'AM  ;,.  the  •,.  dtai-le.  .uid  a.  t  the 
ler.  h.irMtl  the  !.  a  M'tlle  te-tlln-.r.S  ,'..„  lo-ed. 


494  HISTORY    01      SI  NKCA     COUNTY. 

to  I>r  draves  one  day  to  have  a  tooth  pulled.  He  sat  down  on  a  chair, 
and  when  the  I  >octor  came  up  to  him  with  his  turnkey  Ind^e  Robinson 
opened  h:->  mouth  \  cry  wide,  and  I  >r.  ( I  raves  said  to  him.  "  Never  mind. 
Indue.  I  prefer  -landing  on  the  outside." 

Thoma-  West  settled  on  section  three  also,  but  soon  sold  out  to 
I»a\id  Roop,  and  moved  on  (o  section  ten.  where  he  lived  many  years. 
ami  thru  sold  to  lacob  Hetwiler.  when  he  moved  to  I'.loomvillc.  where 
rerently  he  d'ed. 

Mrs.  hmneil  bought  a  piece  ol  hind  near  thai  of  her  brother  Thomas. 
Her  land  had  a  very  line  spring  on  it.  which  still  bears  her  name.  She 
sold  out  am!  went  to  Iowa  w-ith  her  brother  lames. 

|ohn  Seit/.  Isaac  Rohrer.  l.evi  Neibel.  I. vman  Robinson.  Jacob 
Meyer.  Rnln-  Kir-hner.  Ilenry  1'erkey.  I)avid  ('rapo,  Truman  kini;. 
lame-  \\'i!-on.  I'.xan  1  >orse\  .  |ohn  Newman.  Lewis  Seit/.  John  i>avis. 
Mr.  Icffrics  Mr.  1  )onald  and  |.  ('.  Hampton  are  al>,o  honored  names 
aim >n_;  the  old  \>\< meers. 

lllooin  was  o:"_;.)  ni/cd.  as  already  stated,  in  |une.  1X24.  In  iS^o  it 
alread\'  had  a  population  ot  ^89.  P>etween  iN^o  and  1X40  came  also 
David  Roop.  John  I'.  Reed.  Simon  Roller.  P.enj  Huddle  .  Hottel  . 
Philip  lleilman.  1  )a\  id  Tro.xell,  Adam  llakcr.  |ohn  Fisher.  Samuel 
(iross,  Kdward  Coolcy.  Ilemy  Andres,  lames  Trail,  and  ( Ireensberry 
and  Notk\  Trail.  \\"illiam  and  /eliph.ant  '  iweii.  John  \alentine.  llenrv 
and  Samue!  Nestly,  lonas  Hostler.  I  ).  T  I  ,ee.  ( leor^e  Showman,  (ieo. 
Kin^.  Samuel  Shaffer,  lacob  llosslor.  the  esipiire.  and  lames  \\"ilsoii. 
the  lawyer.  The  census  <>i  i.S.jo  -howed  a  population  of  i.i6S  souls. 
In  iSyc  it  was  1.492:  in  i  SSo  it  is  2.162.  At  this  time  i  1X401  the  land 
in  the  township  was  nearly,  i!  not  <|uite  all.  taken  up.  and  the  li^ht  of 
da\  wa-  rapidlx  let  in  upon  the  ground,  while  the  fields  increased  in 
number  and  propi  irtions. 

Mr.  lames  Steel,  irom  I'ennsv  Ivaviia,  built  ihe  lirst  i^rist  mill  in  the 
(mviiship,  on  the  bank--  ol  Silver  <  reek.  The  11  er^hber^ers  turned  it 
into  .1  sa\vmill  sometime  alter  thi.-  koller  mill  and  the  Kn_;lc  null  were 
put  up.  Ihe  nr-;  meetin.L;  house  in  th.e  townsliip  was  a  Presbyterian 
i  huri  li,  erei  ted  n  i  s  ;  |.  1 1  was  a  small  I ranu1  building.  l'he\'  held 
mee!;n_-  -, n  ,'  •  was  plastered:  all  ;hat  sprini;  and  summer  and 

ill  the  !ii!  '•;  ih  a;  \  '•;](- .  while  ;t  \v.  is  be  i  n  L;  plastered.  l!\  suiiie  nnkno\\Ti 
i  i  :i se.  ; i  • .  n  ,;.  ii  ;  inn" lied  do \\n.  Then  a  bri'  k  church  was  built 

on  'he  -,i:ii'  -i"';-  *vh, u  h  an >ue red  lor  main  veais.  until  linallx  it  \\'as 
lorn  d'  e.'.  n  ar.d  ! !  <-  brick  n  set!  in  the  i  onstrm  lion  ol  ihe  brick  church  in 
Ilii  dim  vii'e.  I  he  old  (  hun  h  stiMid  norl  hwes!  of  1  Hot  >m\  ille,  near  the 
<  enie?er\'.  1  lie  Methodists  built  a  i  h urt  h  -0011  alter  on  the  land  owned 


495 

\i\    I.  \V.  Miiirhi  t>ml>.  hut  it  w.i-.  s>ipen  eded  hv  the    >ti>nr  <  li'in  h  down 
tlii'  i  reek . 

I'lii-  tr.idilion    .ihoiit    [he    two    y«»'.;n_;    men  n  i:n:n_;    Sih  i-r  i  reek     iml 
Hones     .  n-i-k  h.is    n..    hiMnrii     m.-ri'..    .ind  .-  I-M  1-ided.        I'hr 

p.  inn-  •  •:  llitn  nu  i-  \  (.TV    .ipi  >n  >|  -n.iic. 


l'hn:|'  I.  I'm  e.  luiiu-  lie.it  .ind  I  homa-  I.  i  :  i  .1:.  iii  the  sir 
ot  i  ^  ;  - .  laid  ou;  .1  town  upon  the  i  ornei  -  o!  -e,  t;  on-  i; . m-.  'en.  ::  !eri 
sixteen  and  <  .liled  <!  I  .iooiiu  ilie.  S:n>on  koijer  ouned  the!. ind  o 
in  >rthw  e-t  (  orr.er.  I  idw.ird  <  'ooie\  OM  ;  iie  -outhe.i-t  <  ot  net .  I'm  e  .n 
Tre.it  hi  other-  on  the  south  u  e-!  ,  or  in  i .  .ind  I  .d  ward  '  >w  en  <  >u  'lie  n 
ue-t  .  orner.  Mr.  (  'ooley  huii:  tiiu  fir-:  !i  :  utn  -ite,  w 

s  t  o  oc  i  \\ !  1 1  •  i •  e  the  A'.'  ,  •  > , ;  1 1 1  : 1 1 t ; :  i  _  o  1 1 1  e  e  1 1  o  ',\  . , .  I  lie  I  i  e  i ;  !  •  r  o  1 1 1  e  i  - 
the  next  hou-e.  uiiii  h  w.i-  reino'.ed  -e\  er.il  time-  .ii,d  ;in.i!iv  <«  >  i 
1 1  v  I  h  o  1 1 1 .  i  -  Ire.!!  .  i  -  .1  - !  o  r  e  .ind  p  i )  - 1  o  1 1 1  <  e .  i  lie  I! ;  o  \\  n  1 1  r  o  t  h  e  r  -  hi 
out  I'm  e  and  I'reat's  -tore  ind  (  0:1;  inued  it  lor  a  \\  ir.ie.  In  i  ^; 
town  i  on  ;ai  ned  a  do/en  hu;!d:n_;-.  Medeiiek  /  iinn.ernian.  ( 'i 
k  i.ii  i.r.  \\  .  1  i ,  am  1  I  athau  i  \  .  (  !: .  k  < •'.  .•  i .  I  no.  I  I  •  •  n  -  .  k'-r.  \\  in  '  • 
Dr.  (ieor^e  \\  ieks  J oji.it ii  1:1  ka-tner.  J.i.  ••!.  I.s-,  p.  and  J.u  ,.;.  I',--, 
\\ ;'  li  tl'.e;  r  lati! .  l:e-.  were  the  inliahitants.  llatha.\a\  and  k'.ii'/ 
-the  [lioiiei  r  -inn-maker-  in  t  he  \  illa^e.  \\  eli-ter  hai'i  a  hi.n  k-nr. ;  h 
on  the  i  or:; ei  no\\  m  i  iij-u-d  li\  the  i  lo--ier  hlo(  k.  1  M.  \\  eek- 
ceeded  l>r.  I'.eiUille.  wiio.  wiih  l>r  I'eter  I.  Mirilli.  were  the  p'i' 
ph\s;(;.in-.  Mr.  kelie;  \\a-  ihe  sir-t  ta;ior.  and  Mr.  kliehr  tin- 
\\a^i)'i  and  <  arria^e  maker-.  Soon  alter  |olm  Sei; /.  |r  .  and  \\  : 
1 1.  \\  ;t;  opened  a  -lore  on  :in-  c  orner  no\\  kno\\nh\  [he  name  , 
"  ':  i  u  n  i  e  d  i  i ;  s  t  r  i  (  t . '  Mr.  I  '  e  s\  1 1 !  \\ .  i  -  .  1 1 !  e  i  \\  i  r  d  -  e  1  e  e !  e  d  i  > '  1 1 1 !  \  v  e  e  • 

I  >r.    \\  .  eks    en',  r     i    '!n 


496  HISTORY    OK    SK.NKCA    COUNTY. 

population,   the    warehouses    and    factories,    show  the  healthy  increase 
and  prosperity  ot  the    town. 

(  >n  the  4th  of  Juiv.  1X74.  the  Rev.  Robert  Fockhart  established  the 
first  newspaper  here,  the  J''.>ifcrprise.  He  published  the  paper  about 
three  month>.  when  he  turned  it  over  to  J.  N.  Fee,  who,  after  a  few 
weeks,  sold  it  to  1 ).  \Y.  Fisher,  who  issued  the  first  paper  January  ist, 
1^75-  the  />'/('< nn^ille  banner.  The  Adams  Brothers  then  became  the 
owners  next,  and  sold  to  Mr.  Kaga.  and  he  again  to  Mr  Fisher,  who, 
at'ier  one  issue,  sold  to  \V.  S.  Hammaker,  and  he,  after  about  eight 
months,  stopped  the  publication,  and  sold  the  institution  to  the  present 
enterprising  and  able  editor  of  the  Seneca  L\>iiiit\  Record,  ().  M.  Hoi- 
comb.  FSIJ..  who  is  making  the  RecorJ  a  success. 

IHoomville  was  incorporated  by  a  special  act  of  the  legislature  in 
1X71.  Jacob  Hossler,  Fsq..  was  elected  its  first  mayor.  Several  addi- 
tions have  been  made  to  Bloomville  during  the  ten  years  last  past,  by 
Conrad  Klachr.  Mrs  Melinda  Fee.  Fli  Winters  and  John  Krilly.  The 
oar  factory,  established  in  1X74.  by  J  D.  Wilsey,  was  quite  an  impor- 
tant event  in  the  history  ot  the  town. 

The  Rev.  deorge  R.  lirown.  I'niversalist,  preached  here  in  1X40.  Dr. 
Jones  is  the  pastor  of  the  M.  F.  Church,  and  Rev.  |.  W.  Shaw  of  the 
Reformed  ( 'liurch. 

In  1X75  the  public  schools  opened  up.  under  the  superintendence  of 
Mr.  J.  K.  Hamilton.  The  building  is  a  fine  two-story  edifice,  with  four- 
rooms,  and  cost  about  87.000. 

The  grain  depot  of  Finsel  «.V  Co.  added  much  to  the  enterprise  of 
the  town. 

'Nmi  —  i  am  under  obligations  to  my  friend  Mr.  Holcomb.  for  his 
kindness  in  furnishing  me  with  meterial  and  dates.) 

My  reverend  and  esteemed  friend,  the  venerable  Flder  Fewis  Seit/, 
wa^  so  kind  as  to  furnish  the  writer  with  a  statement  of  his  early  recol- 
lections ot  J'doom  township,  and  the  reader  will  find  pleasure  in  its 
perusal.  I  am  very  sure.  It  is  given  here  as  written,  without  a  word  of 
<  omment.  May  its  moral  lesson  be  heeded  and  cherished. 

I:KI  OI.I.I-K  'i 'IONS  oi    noNKKi:   DANS  IN   IU.OD.M  TOWNSHIP. 

'  I'y  KMiT  I  .f\v  is  St-it/.. 

In  <  iclnin -i  .  Ix5».  at  ihc  age  (if  1  went y-th ]•<•(-.  wilh  my  wife  and  one  child.  I 
i'i  iiinxed  ID  m\  present  liniiie  mi  an  adjoining  farm  in  Iilnnm  ti  .\\  nship. 
'l'i. i1  name  n|  IHIIHIU  had  I.et  u  siiu:_!'eM i  1 1  li\  ni\  brother  .Inlm  jiisl  nne  \ear 
1  'i  l"i'c  in>  a!i'i\  al.  a  in  I  adopted  in  !  s-_;  |  ^t  the  i  'I'n'ani/at  inn  1 1|'  the  tn\\  nship. 
I  i  ;.  me  I  run  i  m\  nat  i\  e  IM  unity.  I-'a  i  rlield .  into  an  a  liimsl  mil  >r<  >ken  \\  ilder- 
iii  ss  o!' tni'i  st  t  rees.  \\ith  less  than  a  si  me  of  set  I  lers  in  advance  of  me. 


KI.UOM  TOWNSHIP.  497 

Nearly  all  who  were  hen*  before  me  had  settled  aloiitf  the  rich  valley  of 
Honey  creek.  Fur  two  or  three  \ears  before  mine  was  reared,  cabins  had 
beirun  to  appear  in  our  \\ilderne-s.  Antony  their  occupants  I  remember 

.loM-ph  Mi  ( 'li-llan.  James  ami  Thmna>  IJo\d.  tin-  1  )onald>.  ( temx'e  Kree, 
l{os\\«-!l  MuiiM-1.  Nchciiiiah  lladles.  .li.liii  Stroh.  L»ue|l  K.  >l.in-on.  m\ 
brothers  .lohn  Seit/.  and  Noah  Si-it/.  .!.('.  Hamptmi  \\liiii-aiiicin  1"±.'  \\itli 
lli'-  l!o\d-  and  I>onaI'K.  from  li"---  cmint\.  int'min-  me  that  In-  aided  in 
erect im;  ihe  lir*>t  rat'in  put  up  in  '  he  to\\  n-hip.  Thi->  u  a--  lm  m\  brother 
N'nali.  nil  -M!\ei  i-ivrk.  Hampton  mad'-  hi--  h»nie  t"i  a  time  \\ith  hi-'  t  "in- 
panion-  ln>in  !!"->.  Tlit-ir  ^h<-Iti-r  al  lii-1  \\a>  in  a  l»^  \«-\\  r.i\i-M-d  \\itli  1"U> 
>p!il  in  tuain.  tin-  nndi-r  t  ii-r  I't-iiii;  \\  itli  llal  >idi-  up.  and  iln-  i"p  1  u-r  i  n\  t-r 
!iiuf  ill'-  rrark>  \\  illi  ihi-  ilat  >iili-  ilnun.  'I'ht-  ht-d^  \\i-r. -!"i  l  IP-  u  "ini-n.  mi 
lit-d-tcad^.  u  illi  mti- po>t.  'I'li.il  i->.  in  "in-  '-nnn-i cl  tin-  "  pt-n  "  t\\ttp«-li-> 
u  i-ir  t-nt'-rt-d  in  tin-  II>LT^.  \v  ith  tin-  "tln-r  i-nd  in  I  hi>  "  pot."  I  Ja-u  "ml  l>ark 
1'iinii-ln-d  tin-  "  cord>."  '1'lu-  nn-n  -dcpl  "ii  tin-  uri'"iind.  \\illi  hn-k"i\  l>ark 
•>prt-ad  d"\\  n  I'm"  >ln-«-t^.  IIainpl»n  sa>>:  "Our  iir>t  >npp!>  »\  llmir  \va-> 

I'lipii^lil  l'\   u>    mi    Inn'M-liark    t'r"in    Man^lii-ld.   ;iir"ii-_'li  tin-  u l>."      1   al-o 

hi'lp.'d  cut  "ill  tin-  -mail  t  iml'iT  \\'->t  and  >"iiili  "I  II.n-p'-.  ( 'uni'-i  -.  !"  inak'-a 
1'iil'li'-  road.  I'.ut  t"  continnc  uilh  lln-  nani'--  »i  \  In-  lii  ->t  -ct!  l<-\  ->:  .lamli 
IJ-i-lt-L'i-l'.  Al'i.diam  l\a'_r\  .  .lulm  l>a\i-.  Kduard  Sullici  land.  ( 'In  ist"ph,-r 
I  '••!  ki-> .  harlholonifu  Stout.  .John  Slim -|  it-Hi  ul)  and  Kii-liard  l{id-4i-l> .  \\ '  itli- 
ina\t-r\  t'c\\  \  cai>  al'li-r  in>  aiii\al  i-anir  a!-"  .Iai-"l>  \\'t-l»t«-r.  tin-  l!i\]i-r>.. 
. I  "hi  i  l'fiiiiin^!"ii.  .1 .  T.  I{c<-d.  .li'hn  l-iiiiM-l.  Mdu  aid  ( '""lc\  .  Sanni'-l  ( .n»>. 
.Inliii  \'ali-m  inc.  ( tain  Holiin^mi.  /••lai'lu-l  ()\\i-n.  .lo.-hua  Watson.  Samuel 
and  1 1 rii r>  N  i-lf\ .  Lewis  and  . I acoh  Spit ler. 

I  >m  itr_r  1 1  n->c  i-ai  1\  da\  s  a  \\  i  Idem  e>s  i  if  forest  t  M-I->  eu\  nvd  t  lie  earl  li.  and 
the  lir-1  m-ed  "!'  the  >i-tt  ler  \\a-  t"  elrar  awa\  ^pai-f  I-IKMI^II  t"r  a  eal'in.  and 
then  it  \\a>  ••mot.  lio^.  «v  die."  While  I  hnniurhl  tYmii  l-'aii'tield  eonnt> 
i-noiiL'h  l!"Ui  I"  la->t  t\V"  >ear>.  \ei\\  f'-\\  ofni\  conteni|inrarie>  \\er»- thus 

p!'o\  ided.  <  I  lie  >ea>oll .  h"\\  e\  er.  ll--liall\  ••  II  lli  red  the  ilid  U>t  l'i"lls  pinlieeT  to 
clear  a  ^mal  I  lie  Id  and  ^v»\\  hread  t"  d".  A  >  t"i  meal,  eve  r\  one  h;p|  hi-,  ^iin 
!«!  ^upp!\  him  \\  ith  \\  ild  tin  ke\  or  s  eni-oti.  \\  hich  \\ere  al'imdant.  t'n.-n. 
;.'".  a-  \\  e  !a\  upon  "tir  pillou  at  nii:ht .  \\  en-  \\  e  >a luted  \\  it  h  the  hou  I  o| 
\\iil\r-.  appaM-nil\  al  oui  ealiin  door.  N"t"iil>  did  \}\<-\  make  ni^hl  \oeal 

.'  h    I  he  u    el  ie>.   hi  It    Uoe    1"     1  he    -i  |i-e  p  .  <V   \  on  ]  i  ^    pj^>    H"i    U  ell    guarded.        All 

..  i-aviona!  l»-ar  pa-^'-d  lhi"ii_rh.  hut  I  think  nmie  made  ih,  ii  home  m  mil 
'•un-hip.  There  \\ere  -.nine  "Her  ahoiit  the  ui.n~!i  near  III.  n>m\  il!e.  .\ 
\\ilde.ii  \\a-  -li"l  uillnii  "lie  hundred  i'"d>  of  our  ealiin.  I  inlian-  <  -I  len 
'.  ,  >;ted  u-.  •_'•  lie! -all  \  oi  i  he  W  \  a  ndoj  t  rihe.  \\  h"  I  hen  had  t  he ii  headquarter-^ 

a!      I     pp'  1      ^a!idll-k\.        A      f'  \\      >eli'-ea-.      tl"lll     theil       re-e|\e     I  .•  ! ,  i  u       T:!llll. 

~;  i  .rj-ji'-d  hit  her  oeeaMoualU  .      <  mr  red  I  'i'"l  h'  r  \v  a-  uni  t"!  ni!\  1 1  ;eiid!\  .  and. 

;,-   a    Ml!'-,     h. .!!'•-!.     Imt    a    Iriek\    one   appealed     -olnetilMi-^.        I'ldike     !i!>    \\hitc 

|i!.i';lier  "1   modern  liine^.  ho\\e\er.  lie  had  not   tin-  eheek  t"  aii'-mpi  a  lepi-ti- 

I  !"ll  "1    h  !  ->  1  1  Irk    ill   the  >alll'-   \  H'lli  ll  \  .       *>hall|ec|    1 1\    that    '  o||«.eifnee    \\  hie]i  .   a-> 

Shakespeare  put  >•>  il ."  make-,  co  \\  ard->  "i  iisal!,"lii->\iciim  ^el.lom  ^.i\\  him 
a  i:  a  i  1 1 . 

Mi.  N  .  I  ladle \  \\ a-  admitted  to  he  the  Ims^  liuntci  and  lrap|>er  mi  I  Ioiie\ 
ere.'k .  Mr.  I  ladle)  .  at  a  >im,rle  hunt .  1  >ron^h!  d"\\  n  -e\  en  deer.  M  \  of  I  hem 
1>\  toi'hlmht.  and  the  -e\enth  l>\  sunlight  in  the  inorninu'.  ^"  t"iid  ua- 


498  IllsiokV    oF    SKNKCA    lOL'NTV. 

I  ladles  n|  limit  inn',  that .  iz'ame  u'i'ttinu"  scarce,  he  had  .1.  < '.  Hampton  to  haul 
his  t'amil)  ami  li'oods  mostl)  steel  traps  to  the  licad  of  canoe  navigation  on 
the  >cioto.  in  I  lardin  count) .  Here  he  dm;  out  twolarire  walnut  canoes. 
lashed  t  hem  side  b\  sjde.  and  started  for  Cairo,  on  the  Mississippi.  \\'itli 

one  !><iai  \\rccUed  on  the  rauinu;  Scioto.  he  ne\  ertheless  reached  I'ortsmoiitli 
\\  ith  tin-  ui  her.  his  fa  mil)  walking  most  of  the  wa\ .  At  this  point  a  captain 
of  ;i  steamer  hound  for  Iowa,  \vhither  lladle)  was  n'oiny.  struck  with  admir- 
al ion  for  a  man  \\  ho  would  vent  lire  his  all  i  n  a  canoe  on  t  lie  (  Hiio.  ofl'eretl 
to  can')  him  without  charge  to  his  destination.  Thus  tlie  Imss  pioneer  hun- 
ter oi'  111  oo  n  i  to\\  1 1  ship  lel'l  (  )hio  for  u'anie  in  the  far  west . 

An  encounter  of  n  \V\  and"!  Indian  \\  itli  a  pack  of  hungry  wolves  in  South 
IJlooiu  is  \\orth  record  inn1.  lie  had  tracked  a  \\onnded  deer  some  distance 
in  t  lie  siio\\ .  u  hen  sudden!)  lie  came  upon  it  surrounded  by  a  pack  of  wolves, 
makimi  of  it  a  hast)  meal.  Intent  ii|>oii  ha\in^  some  of  the  meat  himself. 
In-  t  ricd  lo  dri\  e  tin1  u  o|  \vx  h\  shoot  in  LT  one  of  them.  This  en  raided  the  rest . 
and  the\  rushed  upon  him.  Hacking  against  a  tree,  he  kept  them  at  hay 
\\ithhistoniahawk.  till  hunger  overcoming  raye.  they  returned  to  linish 
iheirmeal  upon  the  deer.  The  Indian,  convinced  that  ••discretion  was  the 
better  part  of  valor."  was  <;lad  to  escape.  The  pioneer  who  succeeded  best 
in  making  a  comfortable  living,  .did  not  make  a  business  of  limiting,  but 
chopping'  and  Iodine;  and  burning  \\  as  the  chief  work.  Much  t  imber.  which 
to-da\  would  lie  \aluable  in  market,  was  burned  on  the  ground.  No  where 
could  liner  poplar,  walnut,  blue  ash  and  butternut  trees  be  found  than  in 
I 'doom  township. 

The  lirsl  saw  mill  was  built  b\  Iloswell  Mmisel  and  the  Donalds,  on 
Ilone)  creek,  near  the  present  Kal"r  mill.  Soon  after  .John  I)avis  built 
a  not  he  i'  mill,  a  mile  further  down,  where  m\  lirst  lumber  was  made.  A  few 
\  ears  later  Abraham  Ka^\  put  up  a  saw  mill,  and  the  Steeles  a  saw  and  jurist 
mill  on  Silver  creek.  It  ma\  be  well  to  remind  the  reader  that  in  those  days 
our  waler  courses  furnished  powei'  much  more  steadil)  and  for  a  greater 
part  of  i  he  \  car.  Through  the  clearing!'  a\\a\  of  fallen  timber  and  general 
drainage,  our  creeks  L;a\e  short  lived  spii-ts  of  \\ater.  and  then  Steele's  ^rist 
mill  could  lie  heard  da\  and  niu'hl  for  more  than  halt  the  \ear.  M\  lirst 
ui'iiidin.LT  \\as  done  at  1 1  edges'  mill,  just  belo\\  Tillin.  \\hen  \\c  bewail  to 
have  wheat  to  sell  our  nearest  public  market  \\as  at  Venice  or  1'ortland 
Sam  bisk)  City.  This  was  so  until  the  pioneer  railroad  in  ( )liio  made  us  a 
market  at  Ilepublic. 

in  iliose  da\s  nei^hbois  were  neighbors,  indeed.  \\"as  a  cabin  to  be 
••  raisi-d."  Ilia's  io  lie  "  rolled."  or  assistance  of  an\  kind  needed,  a  simple 
notice  was  enough.  A  "  iieiu-hbor  "  could  be  found  a!  a  much  greater  dis- 
tance t  ha  n  no\\  .  The  \\  h isk \  oi'  l hose  da \ s  was  not  charged  \vilh  "  killing 
ai  I'ort  \  ri  ds  "  ,-,-  IP  i\\  .  i n;t  ill'-  ••  lirown  jut;'  or  tin-  "  bari'el  "*  was  found  in 
i;earl)  e\  er\  home,  and  il  \\a>  esteemed  an  indispensable  ••mechanical 
p"\\  ei  "  at  "  raisings  "  and  "  l>  'u-j  iim-."  etc..  i  tc. 

(  >nr  pi'b!  •  scl  101-1  •>  were  heli I  at  lirst  in  cabins  like  mir  d\\  ellin^s.  \\  it  h  a 
h  u  u  •  •  I  i  r  e  p  1 , 1 1  e  on  o  n  e  s  i  i  i  e .  \\  i  t  h  a  "stick  and  mud"  i  •  1 1  i  m  n  e  \  o  n  t  h  e  o  u  t  - 
-id--,  i;  ••!!-.:  i-i'i  -  meetings  were  held  iii  these  --school  houses."  or  in  tlie 
cabins  of  tit.  sen lefs.  The  I'n-sli)  leriaiis.  liapt  isj-,  and  Methodists  \\ere  the 
lii'st  !oo|jaiii/e  societies  o]1  churches  in  l!|oom.  .lames  liohi  iisoii.  a  I 'res- 


liMi-riaii  i-ltTij>  ii1;in.  nip^;ini/" 
I  >>",". 

<  >n  !  In-  I'Tlli  <•!   Ma-.  .  l-_'7.  III.-  Map!  i-t    i-li  n  i  I'll,  n;  1 1  u<  ••  I    ',  H'Mi.  \   <  n-'-k.'    \\.i.i 
oi'iMiii/i-<l.     Tin1  "  niMU'-il       ua-   '  i Miipi >->  >i    "I    Ki'l.-i-    Tli'.ma-    >ii.-!-i'M.  of 

I  I  ILThlali'!     i  i  "ill!  '.  .    .tip  I      I'.i-ll  ,.  till  III     (   a\  .--.  "I      I']'  k.lU  ,i\  .     .11 M  I      I  >'  .t'  •  •!•     .Ji  il-Ii 

Ilii-  n!  |''.IM  ii. -'.I*  lii  1- .  ;i>  :  hi-  iiii-l'-i  -i.rii.'i|  ua-  .-li..-1-n  pa-;.--  ..I  tin-  i-iiim  h 
.mil  h.i-v  -M-iaiin-il  tin-"  !•  l.t!ii'ii  •  •.>•!  -in.  i-.  A-  '.'.:!!  >•••  M".  !'•••«: .  in:in-li-!-  in 

UK—-  i-.l-h  .I.l\>  M.IM-l.'i!  ,1  -M'.ll  U  I.  Ill  III.'  pill-Ill!  •-!  'It'l!  •  .lllillL.'.  I'.U! 
in  il  .1-  !!'  •'.'.  .  i-ii-l!'.  ,ll|i|  -\'.  Ii  '  :  •.  !!l  .1  I  .u  I  V\  .1  .  '-".I'  1 1  .  I  ill  i  Ml\  .1!  !.ll'i  .  nil  1 1"'  -••- 
ti.li'k  .  i-ijili]i|M-i|  \\  i!  h  "  -.I'l.l'.-  li.iu'-.  ''A' I  It  lili'li-.  Il  V  Illli  I"  n«k  ..  !•  .'.  "  >ll«-k«->  •»" 

.1     >n|  i      nl      -lli  I  1     I  !  i  Mil    ',\  '  I  ll     >••;!.  I!      .l!  !  .l«  'I  |.-i|       .HI' I    -^i  i!li--    ]•'••.  :--!ii|l~.    |"-l  !l.l]|-. 

'I'll.-    iii>--->-iiU''i    nl     "  |n-.n'i'    .uni    'j I    v.;!i."  ;liMni_'li    lin-  !•!••-      "'    i  lui-l 

!  i  ,i\  i  ii-'l  in  ;i!l  kin. I  -  11!     u  ••,!!  In-!  .  . i\  i-r  ,il!  -m  •  ^  ..!    j.i.iii-    "i   IM  i  :  ".i'i-  t  lii'Hiu'li 

!  In-   U  ll'l.  1  h.  "   .       r.'!li.i|.-     -.llrli     c\  J..-I  II-IH  .  -.    il      |i|.--.-n;.-.|     In     Ml. Hi.    n!     nil!- 

•  •]<•!  i'-,il  lu>-!  !:i  i-ii  !n-il.r.  ..i>. i   |M!t   "I    Hun    iali.'i-.    \'.«iu!.|  i.-.i.l   I"--.|||,    m..ri- 

•  i  inji  -nia  I  '-.illiirj .      I  iiit  it  inn-:  in-  i  .-1  HI-MI  l.i-i  <-i|  lh.it  !  hi-  |'i  i  \ .-!  :•  in  -  .inii  I  n.iK 

•  •I  |>i»iifi-i  hi.-  u.-it-  -hai.-il   li\    .ill  i-!.i-^i->.  ,HII|    lu-ii'-i    III.MII-  1JM-  iniiii-  '-!i.-.-r- 
I'nM'.  .      \\'hili-  \\i-  ina\   lii-i-l'.    a  hint    tlril    tin-    -_'I-IH-!  at  l'  >n  :-    i-n  ji  i\  iii-j  iinn-i. 
lliat  I-  _rn'"l  aii'l  (|.--ii'al.ii-   a-   tin-    Iruil    <>\    tin-    lain.i-    aii'l    \<>\  i  '"  .->•-  •  •!    tln-n 
l>ii>iii-»-»    latln-r- aii'l    Mmllii-r-.  it    i-    a    initti-i    u|    pint'i'npl    r.-^r.-l    Ilia!  tin- 
rill,ri,'fi|  \  irt  in-- aini    l»-aiil  it  ill    I  M.-inl-liip-   <-.iii|i|    M..I    ha'..-    IM-.-II    1 1  aii-lin  !  !.-'l 
u  it  li  tli-  :  in  1 1! '  >\  ••  I   rull  in.-,  i -i  iii\  t-ii  i'-!  i  ••••>.  .-.  .mil  >ri  -  a  IP  I    !  n  \  in  !<•-  i-n  '<  .\  i-il  l'\ 
nin    I'lnMi.-ii.      Tlii-\    a!<-    .MI  '•  <\  i!i_r    tin-    Miat'-nal    lilf--in^-   !"i     \siii'  h    lli.-ir 
tat  ln-i •-  asp!  inn;  li.-i •-  i"il'-'l  aipl  <lan-il  ami   -iill.-i  .-.I.      MM. |.-i n  i in|<ri •:  I-MH-MI  >, 
ha\  i-  i.l  i\  iat  >••  1  I  In-  in  -i-i---.it  \   ]  MI-  MI  HI-|I  .  1 1'  t  In-  |  it- 1  -i  Mia  I  i- IN  M'l    a  M.I   i|i-|>ri  \  al  ii  MI 
nt '  |>ii.M.-.-i   lU'-.  l"i!   u  h.-ii  u  ••  . -i -a -«•  1"  |'i  a  i -I  io-   1  h.-i  i  mail  i  \   a  IP  I  \M  I|II.IM!\    \  n  - 
t  in--,  a!!  .  .11 1   In  ',  i -I. -i  I  pr.  ._'!'.•--  . 'a  ii  IP  >t   -a\  c  n-   1 1 1  >Mi    I  In-    1  n-na  i  i  !>•-  • '!    \  !•  >lali'.| 

MH  T, 1 1    I.I  S\  . 

(  >!  all  in1,  lii-1  M.-i^'lilior-.  A  l.raliaiii  Ka:;\..l.  I  .  I  lain  pti  MI.  M;-.  Tlii'Mia-% 
\V<--i  aii-l  .l.iliM  I'.  M.n';ii  aln MI-  ri-maiii.  Th.-  r.--!  ha\>-  |>a--i-ii  i"  thai 
"in  IN  !  MI-  1 1  •  .MI  v.  Ii  -MI •••  ii-  >  ! ;  a  .  i-l.-i  r.-l  in  M-."  \\  .-.  I...  i.  -hail  -'"Mi  | >.i  --  au  a\  . 
i.ii!  MII\  1 1  <•  v.  h.  i  'j  -n:  i  •-  !  1 1"  i|i--t  JMi'--  nl  in  "ii  a  i  !•  I  nl  Mat  i'  MI-.  Mi---  mil  i-li  n- 

.  I  M-  1 1  a  1 1 "  I  i  >  1 1 1  .  •>  >  1 1  M  I  r  \   u  i  1 1 1  i  •  i  \  i  I  a  1 1 1 1  i '  •  1  u  i  •  •  1 1  -   I  i  I  n  •  1 1  \ .  a  1 1  •  I  » •  \  i  •  i  \   u i  i  >  •  - 1 1 1 1 

iii_r  li'Mii  I  hi-  ii  i  j  M  >'!   t  tilth  a  IP  I  i  i-_rhlf.  iii-iir--  :-  tlii-  |.ia\.-i   <>\ 

V..MI-  tinis  l.i:\\  I-  -l.il/. 


500  HISTORY    OK    SF.NKCA     COUNTY. 

took  an  active  part  in  its  welfare,  and  was  the  steward  of" it  when  he  died. 
He  died  .July  14.  Is4n.  in  his  sixty-third  year.  Mother  died  November  4. 
1MU.  There  were  six  children  of  us.  of  whom  live  are  still  living.  Father 
\\as  a  devoted  Christian  and  kind  to  all  his  neighbors,  and  especially  to  the 
poor.  I  le  supplied  all  those  that  were  ueed\ .  and  lie  had  jilenty  to  do  with. 
The  P.o\ds.  Uohinsons.  Valentines.  Martins,  father.  P.laekmans.  Treats. 
Don. ilds.  Hoops.  Coolxs.  and  others  were  the  leading  Whin's.  Tlie».Mc(  'h  1- 
lands.  1  Vrke\  s.  Sells.  Strolis.  Kuchs.  Kag\  s  and  .Joseph  Miller  were  the  lea<  - 
ing  1  >eiiiocrats  of  the  township. 


}o.  iXo(>,  in  Steuben  townshij),  Adams  county,  Pennsylvania,  on  alarm. 
When  fourteen  years  old,  in  1X20,  his  lather  moved  to  Stark  count}. 
Ohio.  Here,  on  the  2^1  of  September.  Mr.  Mossier  was  married,  and 
in  iS^4  he  moved  to  Pdoom  township,  where  he  still  resides.  For 
twenty  vears  he  ran  a  saw  mill  on  Stoner  creek.  lie  moved  right  into 
the  woods  when  he  came,  and  opened  up  a  fine  farm.  To  show  how 
Mr.  Mossier  stands  in  the  estimation  of  his  neighbors,  it  is  only  neces- 
sary to  say  that  for  thirty  years  lie  held  the  office  ot  justice  of  the  peace 
and  was  mayor  of  llloomville  four  years.  Me  is  still  in  the  enjoyment 
ot  excellent  health. 

JOHN  T.  RI.ID 

Is  also  one  of  the  pioneers  of  Pdoom,  who  have  imprinted  their  indi- 
vidualities upon  the  township.  He  was  born  in  Frederick  count\. 
Maryland,  on  the  first  day  of  January,  1X07.  His  father  died  when 
John  was  but  six  vears  old,  and  he  was  taken  care  ot  by  his  uncle,  Paul 
Talbot,  who  moved  to  [-airfield  count}',  Ohio,  where  he  was  married. 
There  they  settled  in  the  woods  and  young  John  worked  among  the 
iarmers  and  was  finally  set  in  to  work  on  a  carding  machine  on  Indian 
<  reek,  in  1  airfield  count}',  owned  bv  one  I  >avid  Swasey.  From  there 
lie  came  to  Pdoom  in  iX2X.  in  the  fall,  and  worked  for  his  uncle.  John 
Valentine,  untii  the  following  Christmas.  The  Mohawks.  Senccas  ami 
Wyandots  were  then  ••swarming  through  the  woods."  He  became 
well  acquainted  with  all  the  old  settlers  here,  already  named.  Me 
returned  to  [-'airfield,  and  all  his  earnings  in  the  following  spring  put 
together  amounted  only  to  the  sum  ol  SXo,  lacking  >2O.  to  buv  eight}' 
ai  res  at  govt  rnmcnt  prices.  A  friend  loaned  him  the  820  and  he  start- 
ed on  tool  for  helaware.  in  the  tail  ol  1X29,  and  entered  the  eighty 
a<  res  th.it  [ohn  Meilman  now  owns,  near  Honey  creek.  He  returned 
to  Kairtrjld  and  worked  eighteen  months  longer  on  a  (arm  until  he  had 
earned  some  more  monev.  II  is.  uncle,  John  Valentine,  then  wrote  to 


Hl.ooM   loWNSHIP.  501 

him  that  Mr.  Bever  had  eighty  a«  re-,  which  he  would  sell,  adjoining 
the  other  lot.  Mr.  Reid  Carted  <>n  ( 'hri-tma-  day  and  came  to  Bloom 
on  foot,  where  he  arrived  and  bought  the  Bever  land  on  New  Year'> 
day.  iS.$i. 

Betorc  lie  lei't  1-airlicld  count)  he  had  taken  a  -t  hool  to  teach,  and 
there  were  three  week-  to  te.n  ii  bctoie  the  term  '  lo-ed.  He  returned, 
tun-lied  hi-  M  hooi.  tame  b.n  k  '"  Bloom  in  1-cbiuary.  u.th  an  a\e 
and  a  liundie  o!  <  lu'lun.;.  wliu  h  he  <  arried  on  tin:  axe  handle.  lie 
built  a  cab:n  in  hi-  lore-:  and  commenced  i  lear:n^  it.  II;-  un<  le, 
\\  liha'n  N  i  >rr;  -,  tame  I  mm  I'  a;  r  lie  hi  <  >  >un:  \  .  and  i;\  cd  in  the  i  abia 
with  him  awhile,  and  uuid  In-  uncle.  Norr:-,  bought  the  land  on  whi<  h 
(•'o-t'>ria  now  -tand-.  <  >u  the  j;:h  ol  April,  i  \vv  ^'r  Reid  \\a-  mar- 
ried to  l.li/a  Bo)J  U'at-on.  They  had  tour  ihildrcn.  ••!  uhum  three. 
are  -!  .11  livin;,'. 

Mr.  Reid  i-  a  tall,  -lender  man.  over  -i\  teet  h:^h.  strong  and  mu- 
cular  and  ha-  a!  wax  -  enjoyi-d  ^ood  health.  1  !••  and  Mr-.  Reid  are  In  >:h 
member-  ol  the  I're-!)\terian  <  huri  ii  and  luuhiy  e-teemed.  l'i>or  as 
Mr.  Reid  wa-  when  he  i  ommenced.  h:-  career  i-  a  com  l>i-i\  e  ]>roof  of 
what  indu-t r\  .  hone-ty  and  e<  oni  un\  \\  M  a<  •  •  mi]  >ii-h.  lie  n>  >\\  <  ounts 
hi-  sseallh  b\  iuan\  thou-and-,  and  live-  at  hi-  ea-e. 

M'.-ntion  ha-  already  been  mad'.-  ol  the  pn  nic-  the  younger  genera 
tion  |>rcj.are  annual!)  about  the  lir-t  oi  September,  in  Si  hoi  lf>  \\ood-. 
to  -iiow  their  gratitude  and  e-teem  tor  their  pioneer  parent-.  1  de-;re 
to  refer  t»  the  -ubject  a_;ain.  here.  on!\-  to  -a\  tliat  at  one  o!  the-e.  alter 
I'.itlier  Ihomji-iin.  the  pi'Hieer  mi:r.-ter  ol  the  _;o^pel.  clo-ed  hi-  re 
mark-  i'n  lolieitnii;  the  -heep  that  were  hi-t  in  the  wood-.  Mr.  |.  ( '. 
i  I  ampton  w a-  i  ailed  U|>oii  !or  ,i  -peei  h,  in  whu  h.  ani'  MU  othei'  main 
: nt'-re-t m^  ih'.nu-,  he  de-ci'ibed  lud_;e  ('ornell,  and  -poke  oi  him  .1-  a 
ve--\  exeeii'-n!  iharaMer  and  cili/en.  lie  related  an  allurtii.it  took 
-nine  ju-tii  e  oi  tlie  pe.n  e  \\heii  a  !i  1I"W  u"t  \  er\  an^ry 
a'  tie-  |-;-tii  e  .end  threatened,  ;(i  whip  him  and  uiiuM  d»  -o  ii  lie  \\\i- 

<..<>'  a  ni.ui-t  rate.      'The    ju-tM  e    t'>id    the   tellow  t<>   ^ it   into  the  mad 

and  he  -hould  be  !el:e\ed  ot  hi-  i  'ilix/'ieiii  1011-  -cnipie-  I  he  leiiiiw 
l.a.  kei!  out. 

Mr.    Hampton  al-o  -aid: 

U  1 1  '•!!  I  i-.Uin-  1  :  "111  l{i  i--  i -"I  I  nl  '.  ill  I  -_'•_!.  lu>  Ull'-le.  'I'ln  'Ilia-  1'n  >)  c!  .  !i\  i-(|  in 
a  -mall  i  aliin.  Ten  l>n\>  n|'  u-  \seiit  tin-re  |n  \>.'iik  l'i>r  him.  \\Y  m;nli-  niit 

1«>  1 1\  e.  <  )ll!  I'eil  \\  a-  a  \  el  \  )>1  illlit  i\  e  all  111  1  .  A  lialt  d<  >/eli  i  if  U-  -lepl  to- 
^t-tlier.  1  )UI  l!l_r  t  he  t  111  ee  Ill<>ntil-  1  -laid  ttlele\\e  lill'l  ll"t  a  1'it  •'!'  I'le.lil. 

Tin-  !iHl«-  iloin  \\t-  had  lln-\  -lined  into  iMulm^  milk.  That  ei>n-tit  iitnl 
tlie  prineipal  im-al.  \\  f  liad  a  li-li  ki-ket  in  ||.ine\  creek .  eln-e  |i\  .  that 

Illllll-lied   II-  all   tin-    fle-h   li-h    Ue   s\. lilted. 


^02  HISTORY     OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

Sorry  that  no  more  ot  the  speech  could  be  preserved. 

I  >r.  (iibson  also  spoke,  relating  his  boyhood  days  antl  scenes  of  early 
lite  on  Honev  creek.  His  mother  held  the  chair  while  her  husband 
w.is  sitting  upon  it.  shaking  with  the  ague  His  father  got  nearly  cra/y 
c\crv  time  the  fever  came  on.  One  time  his  father  was  at  Sandusky 
for  provisions.  It  always  took  a  week  to  get  back.  The  roads  were 
bad  and  the  horses  poor.  Judge  I.eath  happened  to  be  at  Sandusky 
the  same  time  with  a  load  of  water  melons  to  sell.  He  and  the  Doc- 
tor's father  started  for  home  together.  On  the  way  the  latter  became 
<  ra/.v  with  the  fever,  and  hail  it  not  been  for  the  Judge  he  would  never 
have  found  his  way  back.  The  Doctor  also  referred  to  Black  [ona- 
than.  who  lived  with  the  Mohawks  on  the  Vanmeter  place.  Jonathan 
Pointer  was  half  negro  and  half  Indian.  He  was  the  interpretor  for 
the  preachers  and  gave  the  Indians  the  sermons  by  piece-meal  as  best 
he  could,  but  whenever  a  subject  or  a  point  was  a  little  difficult  to 
transfer  or  comprehend,  he  would  add:  •'  I  don't  know,  myself,  whether 
that  is  so,  or  not." 

Dr.  Gibson  when  yet  a  boy  was  very  att-entive  upon  the  sick  in  the 
neighborhood,  and  thus  naturally  became  a  doctor.  I  Ie  applied  him- 
self to  the  books,  and  with  hard  study  and  his  experience,  became  a 
distinguished  physician.  He  was.  indeed,  a  gentleman  and  a  valued 
friend.  He  was  one  of  that  class  ot  thinkers  who  take  nothing  for 
granted  because  they  cannot  help  it.  U  e  ought  to  have  much  charity 
for  such  people. 

The  venerable  Noah  Seit/.  must  not  be  forgotten.  He  came  here 
from  Fairi'ield  county  and  settled  on  the  northwest  quarter  of  section  five 
on  the  5th  of  April.  1822,  and  it  is  generally  admitted  that  he  was  the 
first  settler  in  Bloom.  He  sold  out  soon  alter  to  Fdward  Southerland 
and  moved  to  Fden.  Mrs.  Southerland  is  still  living  in  the  third  ward 
ot  Tiffin,  and  is  known  as  the  widow  of  Francis  Bernard. 

Mr>  West.  J.  ('..  Martin  and  Abraham  Kagy  are  among  the  few 
pioneers  here  that  are  still  making  "toot-prints  in  the  sands  of  time.'' 

Who  will  not  remember  the  tall  slender  form  of  Abraham  Kagy.  Fs<|.. 
am!  his  beautiful,  pleasant  home  on  Silver  creek,  where,  for  more  than 
a  half  century,  vou  were  met  with  a  hand  ot  welcome  and  an  open, 
honest,  friendly  countenance?  These  honored  land  marks  of  time 
should  ever  be  cherished  by  those  who  will  occupy  the  places  so  rap- 
idly beco'nir.g  vacant. 

I AMKS     R.     WILSON,    KSO., 

Is    the    only    lawyer    in    the    place.      Happy    town  !      He    was   born    in 
(ireen  county,  Pennsylvania.  May   i^th,  1X25.      In  the   fall  of  1826,    his 


''•  5°3 

father  im>\  eil  with  l lu-  lamih  [i  >  <  >hi<  >  1 1  <•  wa^  .1  n.il  u  e  <  >!  1  re  lam!,  aiii! 
at  tin-  tiiiu-  lie  i  anie  t»  ('hu>  wa>  a  traveling  pre.u  her  «>!  the  M.  I.. 
«  h".n  h.  l!r  ilieil  on  hi"  <  ir<  111!  while  linlilin^  a  pmtr.u  tnl  inrrtni... 
'I'lic  tainiU  iiiii\i-il  t«i  I'io.iin  !.>\\  n>li:|.  in  April,  i  >  ;  j.  an-1  srttli-tl  in  :!u- 
^iMithca^t  part  <>t  the  !'i\\n^h;p.  uiicn  thnr  u^-rr  !i-:'  'vvi.  laiuilu--  .n 
that  part.  -Miuth.  ami  !>u*.  "Mr  hmi^c  i-a-,;  jur  thrrr  iiiiir^.  Mr  \\;Unn 
lia«l  niH-  iiri'tht-r  nldcr  than  he.  am;  a!-i>  ..n  "!il<  r  ^.-;c:  I  hi-  --:>trr 
taught  ^(h.iiiil  in  the  nei^h!"  <\  -li.  >< .,!  when  »!\i\  t-Ai'\e  \ear-  <>\>\.  Mr. 
\\  lUiin  heipeil  tit  i  lear  up  h.-.  lather'-^  Jarrn.  .iiiii  liter  In--  lieatli  he 

upeiieil  up  a  !arm    I»r    li;ni>el'        l:i    i>5'i  he    in •  i  in   I'm  >,  itnvilie.       In 

I  S^  -  he  \\  aN  elet  ti'<i  !  ll^t  h  e  i  >I  !  he  peai  e  .Hii  I  re  i  '<  i  :  ei  i.  I  I;  I  "*i  >O  he 
ua>  .u  imittei  i  tu  pra<  tu  e  ia\\.  ;iml  ha--  ever  MIK  e  i>--en  a  member  .»!  the 
1'ittiH  liar. 


CHAPTER  XXX  II 

CLINTON   TOWNSHIP. 


Till1',  earl}'  scenes   described    in    these   narratives,  and  the  incidents 
attending    the    dawn    of     Seneca    as    a    count}',  having   clustered 
around  places    that  are1    now  covered    by  Tiffin,  and  involved  the  names 
ot  so  man}'  of  the  early   settlers.  who>e  biographies  are  alreadv  record 
ed.  there  is  scarcely  anything   further    left    to    say  about    Clinton  town 
ship.      This  chapter   will,    theretore.  nccessarih    be  short        It  is  proper, 
however,  to  preserve    names    ot    the  early  pioneers    and    describe  some 
of  those  not  alreadv  talked  about. 

The  location  of  the  land  offices  in  Tiffin  tended  greatly  to  give  Tiffin 
a  start.  It  brought  many  people  here  from  abroad  and  introduced  to 
them  not  only  our  citi/ens  but  also  the  main'  advantages  this  conntv 
promised  for  the  future.  No  other  count}'  in  Ohio,  west  of  the  San- 
dusky  river,  settled  up  as  fast  as  Seneca  conntv. 

When  congress,  on  the  4th  dav  ot  Mav.  iSj.S.  granted  to  ()hio  ^oo  - 
ooo  acres  of  land  to  build  the  Miami  canal,  it  next  became  the  dutv  of 
the  legislature  to  provide  tor  the  sale  ol  the  land.  llv  an  act  of  Febru- 
ary ij.  i.Sj<j.  two  hind  offices  were  established  tor  the  sale  of  these  half 
million  ot  acres,  one  ol  which  was  located  at  Titlm.  The  land  office 
tortlie  sale  of  the  land  in  the  Delaware  land  district  was  located  here 
in  April,  iSjS.  Small  as  Tiffin  then  was.  ami  tar  removed  from  the 
canal  lands  to  be  sold,  it  should  nevertheless  be  remembered  that  there 
was.  at  that  time,  no  other  town  between  Tiffin  ami  Fort  Wayne,  in 
Indiana,  '['he  reader  will  sec,  therefore,  that  Tiffin  was  the  principal 
frontier  town  in  northwestern  ()i,io  at  that  time  and  tor  some  time 
thereafter,  notwithstanding  the  urgani/ation  ol  Sandusky  count}'  prior 
to  Seneca. 

These  land,  offices  here,  I  say.  helped  verv  much  to  bring  Tiffin  into 
notic  e  and  gave  it  an  air  of  stability  and  business  enterprise.  For 
several  years  the  hotels  were  frequented  by  strangers,  who  bought  land 


(.UNION     loWNsHII'.  505 

or  prospected  for  locations.     The  old  army  road  was  a  sort  oi  thorough 
tare  tor  emigrants,  manv  of  whom    stopped    liere  --in    fa<  t,  there  was  u  > 
other    road   in    <  >hio.    west    of   the    Sandusky    river.      I'.v    remembering; 
these  things  we  are  eiiaMed  to  see    h»w    this   \.ist    northwest  must    have 
looked  at  that   tune. 

('linloii  township  IK-MI.;  so  closely  iilenti.'ied  with  Tittm,  and  c\  er\ 
thin.;  '.hat  is  said  o:  I'; rim  and  her  people  m<Mn:n_:  '  'lint'  n\  township  .it 
the  same  time,  may  he  the  reason  whv  neither  Mr.  l!  :':••• ::  -.d.  in  hi-, 
histor\.  nor  Mr.  S;--w.ut.  in  his  "  Atlas."  had  an\'.ii;n_  '••  >a\  ahoir. 
Clinton  to\\:ish;p  .u;d  her  pioneers.  Hut  there  were  some  ,,',d  settlers 
here,  and  men,  too.  o:  no  ordinary  _rade.  who  >h<xiid  and  .shall  be 
mentioned,  t.ir  main  oi  their  name-  are  too  dear  and  \aluablc  to  be 
io^t  MI  soon.  Tlie^e  pa^e>  will  preserve  thein  !of  awliiii 

!  i  )  1 1  N      K  I   I  I   1   K . 

1  he  lather  oi     I.e\i.   I.ew: s  and    |oel    Keller     th.e  --on^  .ire  ail  M;'d  living 
wa>    an    earl\   settler    and   a  man    o;    wondertul  industrs     ami    p-  r^e\er 
.ince.       He  tocik  a  very  a<  ti\e  par',   in  all  ;>n(>!.<    ailaii's  and  IKM  ame  :nti 
inatelv  a<  •  juainied  with    the    luisiness    o!    the    p'lliiii     ottl<  es.       lie    liilei! 
the  ottu  e  oi  i  ounty  i  oimni^sioner    se\  eral    years,    and    .liter    he    _oi    his 
mill  on  the  river  in  ran n in.;  order,  there  w .is  M  an  ely  a  t  inner  in  Seneca 
county  l>'it    %\',is   acipiainted    uith    I   \\<  le     |ohnn\    Keller.      lie  was  ver\ 
talkative  when  he  had  time,  and  always  reaii\    !o  ^is  e  intonnat  ion  when 
required..      \\  ;th  his  knowledge  o;  iarm;n_;  he  <  oinliined  nnieh  me«  ham 
cai  skill,  and    he    was    in    his     place    <>n     the  larin    or    in    the    mill.       II:- 
pr.n  In  a!  _ood  setise,  his  iriendlv   nature  and    honesty  of  p'irpo-e  mad 
I'ti'le   Keller  a  s  ery  popular  (it  :/en. 

II'-  was  iiorn  >eptein:>er  17.  i;ss.  :n  \  ork  co'inty.  l'ennsv!\  a::ia, 
near  1  ittle  \  ork.  H--  \\.is  married  to  Kli/ahcth  M:'se!l.  in  iSj4.  an.: 
,oon  alter  moved  to  l-'airrieid  c  oMiity.  »  >hio.  \t  tin-  land  -ale->  in  1'el 
i \sare  he  lion^li!  the  land  the  old  Keller  mill  was  on,  in  is^i.  an-i 
i  n  • '  \  e  i  i  oil  '  •  >  :'  in  i  •'•>_'  v  In  !"-.'(!]'•  1  e  t  o  1 1 !  a  |  o ! )  o  i  i  1 ;  •  a  t  i  n  _  jour  acres 
In  the  [all  "1  that  \  ear  In-  i  ime  'ip  u  ;th  a  ie  un  and  a  !•  <\  .  >\  apple  !i  ee  -. 
\vi:h  «h.«  ''.  i:-.-  plantet!  an  ori  hard  on  the  toiir  ,u  res.  \\  !ien  'ne  i  am  • 
li.u  k  ti:e  :vi{low:n_;  spring,  hi-  apple  trees  were  all  ^mu-.  Soinehoilv 
liad  ,to',eii  them.  I'his  was  pro!i.i!i!\  tlie  hi--!  mihard  planted  in  tl  e 
(  o  \i  n  t  \  . 

Mrs     Keller  died   in   September,    1.^57.       |ohn     Keller    d.;ed    I  >etol)er  ij, 
lX5y. 

Ill   N  K  V    i  .    I :  k  I  -  1 1 

\Vas  a  man    of  medium    si/e   and    weighed    about    \<>^  pounds.      lie  wa<. 


506  HISTORY     OK    SKNKCA    COfNTY. 

of  fair  complexion,  had  regular,  manly  features,  was  well  proportioned 
and  good  looking,  more  so  in  citi/.en's  clothes  than  in  uniform.  He 
had  deeply  set,  large  ha/.el  eyes.  He  shaved  smooth,  except  small  side 
whisker>.  He  had  a  \vell  balanced  nature  a  high  forehead,  and  turned 
bald  at  middle  age.  (ieneral  Brish  was  a  polished  gentleman  and  his 
home  was  the  gathering  place  for  many  of  the  elite  in  the  then  rustic 
society.  He  had  a  kind  word  tor  everybody,  and  soon  became  popu- 
lar with  all  classes  of  people.  The  Senecas  were  his  pets  and  they 
made  Rosewood  a  stopping  place  whenever  they  came  up  the  river.  1  )r. 
( 'ary  was  a  brother  to  Mrs.  Brish.  He  and  Dr.  Dresbach  made  the 
(ieneral's  house  their  home.  Whenever  they  could  not  be  found  about 
town,  you  would  almost  be  sure  to  find  them  at  Brish's.  Some  people 
thought  the  (ieneral  was  very  high-strung  and  quick  tempered,  but  they 
were  only  those  who  did  not  know  him  int.imately,  and  judged  him  only 
from  the  several  knock-downs  he  was  blamed  with.  The  facts  are.  the 
General  would  bear  almost  any  opposition  in  business  or  politics  as 
lonu  as  his  opponent  would  abstain  from  reflecting  on  his  honor  and 
calling  him  names.  He  struck  very  quick  when  that  rule  was  violated, 
and  the  si/e  of  the  opponent  or  his  standing  in  society  made  no  differ- 
ence. His  relation  with  the  business  of  the  count)  has  been  mentioned 
so  often  that  it  is  only  necessary  to  say  that  he  was  one  of  the  associate 
judges  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  here,  and  was  elected  a  member 
of  the  house  of  representatives,  besides  filling  many  other  local  offices. 
When,  on  the  2<Sth  day  of  February.  1^31,  at  the  treatv  of  Washing- 
ton, the  Senecas  sold  their  reservation  to  the  I'nited  States,  as  already 
stated  in  chapter  vm.  i  and  see  also  chapter  xxix.),  (ieneral  llrish,  who 
had  taken  care  of  the  chief  to  Washington  and  back  to  Seneca,  was 
kindlv  remembered  by  them.  At  their  own  request  a  section  was  put 
into  the  treaty  giving  to  (ieneral  Brish  a  quarter  section  of  land  in  the 
reservation.  The  section  reads  as  follows: 


Sec.  1 ! .  The  eli  icf's  of  1  he  Senecas  lie  ing  impressed  wit  li  grat  it  udc  towards 
lleiir>  ('.  Brish.  then  sub-agent,  for  his  private  advances  of  money  anil  pro- 
visions and  numerous  other  acts  of  kindness  towards  them,  as  well  as  extra 
services  in  coming  with  them  to  Washington,  and  having  expressed  a  wish 
that  a  quarter  section  of  a  hundred  and  sixt>  acres  of  land  ceded  by  them 
should  he  granted  to  him  in  consideration  thereof,  the  same  is  hereby  grant- 
ed tohim  and  his  heirs,  to  lie  located  under  the  direction  of  the  president  of 
the  I'nited  Slates.  See  vol.  7  Laws  I'.  S..  p.  :;."in. 

The  (ieneral  selected  his  section  and  sold  it.  He  then  bought  the 
southwest  halt  ot  section  eighteen  in  ('linton.  (ieneral  Brish  cleared 
up  a  part  and  moved  onto  it.  He  called  it  Rosewood,  because  Mrs. 


i  i  IN  n  i\    1 1  lU-N-nii'.  ;o; 

llri-.li  r.u-ed  rose  l>ushc>  all  around  the  hmi-e       Here  the  ( iencr.il  spcnl 

tin-  re-'  i it  hi-  da\  -. 

lleiirv    <',)]-. ite     Mri-h    u.i-    linrn     in     1'redernk    <«iimty.     Marviami 
V  > .  ;-m!ier  J  J.    i;i)'j        At  'he  a^e    <»t  !e  n  \  car-  he    !>e.  ame    <  Irrk    in    the 
register'-  '  ittirc   «)l    th.i;    county,    under    ('aptain    Memer.    uherc    he    re 
ma.iH-d  until  he  wa-  married,  ami  where    he  rc<ei\cd  all    the    eduiati.in 
he  h.itl.       lie  wa-  married  t«  i  M ;--    K  lea  in  n    **.  <  '  ire\    mi   the   ;th    I  >e<  e:n 
der.   i  •*.•  j,  i>\    l'>i>!iu|,  JDIU--,  .it  the  I  .|i!M-<>jia!  I'r.  ••e-.tanr  <  ii'in  h 

\Ir>.   llr;>h  wa-.li«irn    l':!\    j;.   i  S-,;         l.'he\     le!'    l-re.ir-riik    l»r    >ctu-i  a 

«.iitnty.  ami  laiulei!    here    nil    the   (>th    nt    Iniv.    iSj.s,  >';i;M.i\   alterniii  m. 

lhe\    m.nie  the  \s  h«  >le  il^tam  e  in  a  little  (  >  i\  ere'l  <  arria^e,  jierha|»  unc 

of   the    lir^t    that    e.niu-  tn    Seiu-i  a.        The   (ieneral  dii-il  .it    l\n>e\vnod  in 

I  eli::iar\.    i  >'i'i. 

Mr-    l'>r;>h.  \\lin  i>  -till  livnu  -ay- 

I  li|..ii'_rlit  m\  <'|il  piaini  uitli  me.  and  ha\c  it  \t-t.  \\'ln-n  SM-  e.nii'-  ht-rr. 
\\  e  ninxi'il  int"  a  cal'in  that  Au'ieeii  I  iiLrrahaiu  had  Imilt.  It  had  a  I'linehcuii 
tluiir.  \\hieh  I  e..si-rcd  uith  eai'i'ft  that  I  lii'i'ii^lit  ali'ii^'.  and  I  had  -nnir  nin- 
eh ina.  a l-i'.  all  «\  u  hieh.  I  think,  \\cn-  the  I'M^I  . ,f  the  kind  in  Titlin.  |'i-rliaji- 
;n  t  he  etuintv .  (tureatiin-  ut-n-  all  eln-ti-ri-d  aniiiml  Mi-.N'e.d'-  -:«>i  ,•.  and 
Uien-ua-  the  "hull  nt'  la-liiim."  l>a\id  and  l-ili-lia  ^ini;  i:.  I,  \i  ('ie-e\. 
Mr.  Cu-tai'.  Mr>.  Muniit>.  Mr-.  Ke--h-r.  Al-d  I!au-.>n  ainl  -Minm-l  H-ML'- 
land  all  li\fd  lu-t  \\i-cn  Me  Neal'-  and  1  he  eampl  .ell-haek  hndue  ,  ,\  ,-]•  t  he  rail- 
n>ad-.  (  Mie  t  line  \'.  e  made  a  hall  Id  the  s  CUIIIL'  peuple  Hi. m  Mar\  land  ainl 
lhi->  ealled  il  the  ••  Mar\land  hall."  The  rj\ei  \\a-  hiurh  and  the  '/ill-  hum 

the  Titlill   -ide     enlllil    lint   '_.'••!     n\l-l      "II     the     lil-t     da\.luii      !hl-\    e;illle     "lithe 

>eennd  da\.  \\V  had  \niin-  I'ulk-.  iVom  l.o\\er  >andn-k\  ami  tY.'in  ii|>  the 
!  i\  e]  .  -.  inn-  -i\l  >  in  all.  \\i-  danced  t  u  u  da>  >  and  I  liree  ni-ht-.  1 1  \\  a-  t  he 
lir-t  I'iu'  l>al!  in  the  emintx .  1  >a\  id  >mith  ua-  t  he  liddler.  Mi .  <  'i,,?ii>e  had 
a  enrnlield  \\  In-n  the  pnl'lie  -.|iiai'e  j>  in  |-',.rt  Hall.  (Miemuht  l>r-.  »'aie\ 
and  hre-lia'-h  -!"le  a  1"!  "1  riia-tinu'  ear-  theie  and  iirnnuht  tlieml".nir 

!lMl|-e   t.'  ha\e   tln-lll   en. iked.        \\  e   made  a    l'i'_r   t'ea-t    i 'I'    them. 

1'ihn    Mniier    h\ed    immediate!)     mirth    <i!    Ri  i-e\vi  i.  nl.       lie  w.i-    ai-n 
tr..m    Maryland,  and    ra:-ed    a    nnmher    nt    -nn^.    \\hii   i.ei  aine    \\ealth\ 
I   rememlier    (  ieur^'i-.  <   hri-tian  ami  1  )enn;-.      I)enn;-i-    the   \n!in^i--t  o1 
them  and  i-  -til!  living  here.       M\    ell'-irt-    tn    prm  lire    a    better    de-<  rip 
;.-iii  n!   thi-  pmneer  t.nniU    and   that    <i!    the   \eikirk-.  \vh"  are  n.i\\    M  ,u 
t.-red  thi"'  I'i.^h  ^<  :]''.".    \dam-  and  (  'hnti  m.  ha\  e  t  u'ed  a!>, .. 


->et;  !ed,  •  m  the  m  irtlnve-!  <  jnarter  nl  M'et;<  >n  th;r!  \  intir  I  e\  ere!  I'.e.niiev 
i:\ed  near  li\  him  mi  the  ue-t.  Nurth  o!  the  mad  l:\ed  \\'m.  M.  |-.\\en. 
with  h.-  w:!e  and  t\veiit\  '»ne  i  hip iren.  lie  \\a-  the  i"ii'-t  h'.n  k-nnth  in 
•hi-  ne;_;hl)Mrlio.)d.  d''muna-  \anaita  i  ime  :ii  i >•-•;.  and  -ettli-d  mi  tin- 


508  HISTORY    OF    SKXECA    COUNTY. 

southwest  c}iiarter  of  section  thirty-four,  where  some  of  the  family  still 
reside.  Vanatta  bought  out  a  man  by  the  name  of  Stripe,  who  moved 
to  Lower  Sandusky,  where  he  dealt  in  fish.  He  died  of  cholera  in  1834. 
Joseph  Richards  came  in  1827  or  1820.  David  10  Owen  came  in  1829, 
and  lived  on  the  Huber  larm.  The  Frees  and  Herin  tolks  came  in 
1X28.  Reuben  William^  entered  the  C'oe  farm  and  built  the  saw  mill, 
which  is  still  in  running  order,  in  1824.  Daniel  Dildine  came  in  the 
same  year.  He  built  a  cabin  and  planted  the  apple  trees  that  are  still 
to  be  seen  just  north  of  the  new  cemetery.  Daniel  Lamberson  entered 
the  southeast  <|uarter  of  section  thirty-four.  James  Myers  came  in 
1833  or  '34.  I  .imes  \Voll  used  to  work  lor  Reuben  Williams,  and  when 
he  had  earned  >ioo,  Williams  bought  for  him  the  eighty  acres  in  the 
southwest  corner  of  section  twenty-six,  where  lie  afterwards  lived  and 
died. 

Mr.  Heard  was  born  in  Northampton  countv.  Pennsylvania,  on  the 
i4th  of  April,  i  7<)4-  He  was  married  to  Hannah  Doan  in  1817.  Thev 
had  eight  children,  of  whom  six  are  still  living.  He  was  about  five  feet, 
ten  inches  high :  walked  very  erect;  had  black  hair  and  whiskers  and 
blue  eyes;  he  was  very  talkative  and  full  of  jokes  and  was  a  good 
neighbor  and  strictly  honest.  He  died  in  1852.  and  was  buried  in  the 
old  cemetery  in  Tithn. 

(I  am  indebted  to  his  son.  Joseph,  for   the  above  narrative.) 


Was  born  December  i  _},  1783.    near    Belvedere,    New    |ersey,  and    died 
December  S-   1852.      He  came  and  located    here  in  the  fall  of  1824. 


()u  tin-  JMli  iif  February.  ITUi*.  m>  father,  John  ('rum.  was  burn  in  Fred- 
erick count >.  in  tin-  state  of  Virginia,  and  in  1  •>!.",  lie  married  Barbara  ( 'rum 
:  no  blood  relat  inn  .  In  l^'I  lie  m<>\  ed  to  (  Hiio  and  settled  in  Columbus.  In 
IM'L!  lie  bought  bin  acres  of  land  in  Seneca  county,  three  miles  uortli  of 
TiHin  on  the  Fremont  road,  and  in  lx_!l  he  moved  UJKHI  his  land.  U'e  lived 
in  a  ealiin  f<>r  a  while,  not  far  from  our  land,  until  we  could  build  a  house. 
Our  house  hail  the  first  >hingle  roof  between  Tillin  and  Lower  Sandusky. 
We  experienced  main  of  the  hardships  common  to  new  settlements.  Father 
was  sick  nearly  all  the  tirst  winter.  \\  e  lived  in  the  woods:  our  neighbors 
were  scattered,  none  nearer  than  a  mile,  but  they  were  very  friendly  and 
social.  Our  t'n>t  neighbors  were  .Moses  Abbott.  Fliphalet  Rogers  and  Cap- 
tain Sherwood,  but  others  soon  came  in. 

My  father  was  a  hard-working  man  and  did  all   his  clearing.     I  was  the 


(UNION    TOWN SH IK  509 

olilest  IMIV.  Init  only  i-iijlit  yrar>  old  \\lit-n  \v»-  cam*-,  am!  of  course  rould  not 
lit-lp  nun-li.  hut  was  alwa\>  with  liiiu.  Mutln-i  died  \vli»-it  1  wa>  lit"t«-«-n  wars 
old.  >»im-linif  at'tri -\\ards  t'atln-r  \\a«.  married  to  Mai^an-t  Kvaii>.  \\itli 
\\li»m  In-  livt-d  al»«. m  i\\cn!\  \i-ar-v  uh.-n  >ln-  dit-d.  A  ttri  uanl-.  father  inar- 
I'it-il  N.inr\  M»oth.  Fath'-i  dii-d  in  TMlin  mi  Mi.-  J-th  da>  .-I  Fein  nary .  1-7.". 
1!:-,  \\id..\\  di.-d  .lul\  v  1-71.  II  AMI  l.Ti  >.\  F.  <  1UM. 

Mr    (ruin    \\  i>    in    e\i  e'lent    •  ;:./  -n    .it). I    t-.'.k    a\ei\    a<  :i\  e  part   in 
p'lhl;!    ,t;!.i,r^        !!:•   A  . i-  i  mint)    t  MHUI,.--,.-  >nrr    •>•  -me1.  :nn-     >--i-  l.i^t  (  ha] 
ti-r    an«i  \vhili-    In-  w.i^    \\<>'.    .1    :.i>:  '..tlkrr.  In-    sv.i-.  .t  strung  thinker.      His 
i  hiuiiu  lit  \s.i-  •  ii-.ir  aii'l  ««•!;  in.iMircil.       I  lit-  \vr.:rr  kiu-A   i.  in  \\i-ll. 


A^  you  -;"  ii'irt!>D!i  thr  I1  rcnmn:  r".ui  unl  ]i.i»,  !i;rn'u 
l.inn.  tin-  ii'.'\!  j»!ai  «.•  t"  tlu-  !rt:  wa>  tonnrrly  ilu-  lionn- 
>'•>.. -ru  i  ii  ill  MH  n;;i  ;',u-«l  >r\cr.il  t;nu-->  .urc.i'i\  ;  am!  hi-rv  li\nl  the  ^;jhji-<  t 
o!  tlii>  ^kfti  h  \vhrn  the  \\ritt_-r  lir-t  knew  Ir.m.  I  hr  niii  \rtrr.in  h..>. 
l;\\-'l  here  -<>  'on.;,  ami  hi>  ij'iirt.  purr.  <  lir:-»tian  l;!c  ha>  r\t-ri  :->fd  •>•> 
mu<  h  nt  mural  intliu-m  r  ii|>'>n  th;>  «  i  uninunit)  lur  inorr  t!:.in  halt  a 
fci;tur\.  lhat  it  N  really  a  jilea^ure  ID  -['cik  »'  li::n. 

llr  \\a^  liorn  in  l.an«a-<ter  cuiinty.  I'enii^yh  ania.  on  the  j'irh  ••! 
No\ein!*er,  i  '<)<>.  lli>  lather  ino\  ed  '<>  1'rederiik  <  oiinty.  Marvland. 
in  i.Si;..  \viiere  he  died  in  Au_;'i-t.  |Sjo. 

Mr.  Somler  wa>  married  '.<>  l-.h/aheth  A.,  daughter  «'  |nhn  \\'alker. 
<  >n  th.e  i  >;h  '  >i  May.  i  x  -  ^  He  \n-<  ame  a  memher  o|'  ;l>e  M .  1  i  <  liun  h 
m  '  ><••'' >T.  i  -^  i  ;.  and  entered  the  t  au-e  .it  reinrmir.  the  1-ort  Sene<  a 
i.r_.i;K'  t'.ioi,  a-  t!ir  Rev.  M ,  us'.;,  ,-ner  '-.  in  i  .-_•.,  II.-  u  i>  .-rdained  i« 


In  lln-  t.i',;  -t  l-'Jl  m.  i. i;li. •!  in  l.iv..  .l.ihii  \\.uk.-r.  and  I.  !•  t!  Fit-dt-riek 
•  '"in!..  M.H  \  !.iiid .  "ii  lii'i  -'-ILK  k .  in-  lii-  |iiir)"i>r  ..)  i  \S'!";in_r  tin-  u.'-t  in 
our  i  AMI  l.s.i\ .  \\  '••  i<n  ik  i  !ii-  n.it  ii.n.ii  \>ik>-  \«  \\  ln-i  !;n_v  \\  ]\\<-]\  ,it  tint  t  inn- 
v.  a^  tip-  n.ii  i"iial  hi_r'n\\  a\  ;i-«  tar  .1^  i;  \\  .1  -  mad«-.  \\  ••  •  t  •  <•*-> ••!  ;  li<-  i  Mno  1 1\  i-r 
ai  U  ln-i-1 ;  n^'  ait'!  i'i-a' 'I i rd  (' I  !Hilin.it  i  \>\  \\  a\  •  <l '  /aiii-^\  i '  }<•  a  in  i  (  '  1 1 1  -\<-\  i  !li-.  a 
di-taip  i- nl  i\i-r  .'I*HI  mill--,  n.iiii  mi!  IH-IIJI-.  Tin- >rtt li-iiii-nl- Iliiiiiu'h  (  Uii4i 
\\  i- 1 1-  ^pai>i-  and  i  j  iiiti-  in-u  .  d'-adi-iu-'i  I  imiii-r  ^1  and  m^  i-\  n  \  \\  lu-i  c. 

'I'ln-n-  \sax  im  niai  ki'I  !"i  an\  tiling.  >' ai  i-i-l>  .  \\ln-at  \\a--  \\"!tlii>n!\  thir- 
I  \  -i  'Hi-  ei'iit  >.  and  i -i  '!'n  t  \\  i-l  \  c  and  •  iif-hall'  ei-nt  >.  <  'tlu-r  \<]  »\  i-.|Mii>  in  pi  <  >|mr- 


510  HISTORY     01-     SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

lion,  but  there  was  no  money  in  circulation.  Everything  was  trade  and 
exchange.  We  arrived  at  home  in  safety,  and  in  spite  of  the  gloomy  outlook 
in  Ohio.  I  resolved  to  emigrate  there',  and  in  Mav.  l.vy(.  I  sold  out  and 
started  for  Ohio  with  a  large  wagon  and  four  horses.  My  familv  then  con- 
sisted ol'  a  \\  i f e  and  one  child,  about  one  vear  old.  two  single  sisters  and  my 
lirother-in-!a\\ .  .John  Walker,  who  wasthen  vet  unmarried.  1  JichardSneath 
and  his  |  ami  I »  came  with  us.  That  family  consisted  of  Mr.  and  M  rs.  Sneath. 
two  or  three  -mall  children.  .Jacob  lluss  and  Ilenrv  Zimmerman,  who  were 
single  men.  Thev  also  iiad  a  large  wagon  and  three  horses.  Taking  us 
altogether,  we  were  a  joll\  set  for  such  an  excursion. 

Nothing  occurred  worth  remembering  until  we  readied  a  place  in  the 
A  lieu ha  n  v  mountains  called  ••  the  Shades  of  Death."  I  i  was  a  pinerv  through 
which  our  road  passed,  seven  miles  across,  without  a  single  human  habita- 
tion. There  was  a  tavern  and  a  blacksmith  shop  just  east  of  the  dense  for- 
est. One  of  my  horses  lost  a  shoe  just  before  sundown.  lie  could  not 
travel  on  the  hard  pike  \\  it  ho  ut  being  shod.  It  was  about  1  hue  to  put  up  for 
the  night,  but  the  bad  reputation  of  the  tavern  made  us  conclude  to  press 
on.  While  mv  horse  was  being  shod.  Sneath.  with  his  familv  and  the  young 
men.  passed  on.  leaving  me  with  the  women  and  the  child  behind.  This 
compelled  me  to  travel  these  seven  miles  through  the  dark  alone.  It  was 
verv  inconsiderate  in  Sneath  and  the  others  to  leave  us  thus.  One  or  two 
armed  men  could  have  had  us  at  their  nietvv .  for  all  I  had  in  the  world  I  had 
with  me.  ruderakind  Providence  we  passed  through  in  safety.  No  acci- 
dent occurred  until  we  crossed  the  river  at  Wheeling.  Here  we  were  in 
Ohio.  A  road  leads  up  a  high  hill  uearlv  two  miles  from  the  river  before  it 
readies  the  uplands.  The  national  pike  here  was  just  in  process  of  con- 
struction, and  we  were  often  compelled  to  take  side  roads  that  were  danger- 
ous at  places.  My  wife  became  so  disgusted  with  the  country  that  she  ex- 
claimed at  one  lime.  "  Any  man  that  will  bring  his  wife  and  child  to  such  a 
coiintrv  as  this,  ought  to  be  -hot." 

The  greatest  impediment  to  the  prosperity  of  Ohio  w  as  a  general  want  of 
market.  The  canal  connect  ing  the  Ohio  river  with  the  lake  w  as  laid  out . 
but  not  constructed.  Our  first  idea  was  to  locate  somewhere  near  its  line. 
At  ( i  ranville.  in  Licking  county,  we  found  a  vacant  house,  which  we  rented 
for  the  time  being,  in  order  that  we  might  explore  the  coiintrv  round  about. 
We  w  ere  not  pleased  here,  and  resolv  ed  to  si  i  ike  for  Titlin.  and  see  how  that 
coiintrv  would  please  us.  Mr.  Sneath  and  I  came  out  here  on  horseback. 
leaving  our  families  at  ( iranville.  We  impmed  for  I-'ort  Mall  and  found  it. 
We  -aw  a  gentleman  standing  in  the  road  there,  and  Mr.  Sneath.  who  was 
given  to  be  mi-diiev  ioiis  at  t  i  nies.  i  in  pi  i red  of  t  he  man  how  far  it  w  a-  to  Fort 
I  Jail.  The  man  -aid  :  "  You  are  riuht  in  the  midst  of  il."  '!' lie  stranger  w  as 
Mr.  McNeal.  the  merchant. 

(ieorge  and  .b>hn  XOIHT  u-ed  to  be  old  neighbor-  of  ours  in  Marvlaiid. 
We  iiiipiired  i'o]-  ,!iein  and  toiind  them.  Here  we  put  up  forlhe  niulit.  The 
Sauduskv  coiintrv  plea-ed  u-  better  than  anv  t  hin^  we  had  seen  in  Ohio. 
being  a  ridi.  lev  el.  limestone  count  rv .  slid  i  as  vv  e  had  bt  en  accustomed  to. 
We  reallv  did  not  ki.ow  how  le  w  il  \\a-  until  we  moved  into  it.  Titlin  and 
1  'orl  I  la!  i  \\»  1 1  ;  hen  v  erv  small  be^inni  ngs.  Mi.  Sneath  found  a  large  frame 
building  in  an  nnlini-heil  condition  IJradlev's  ('enlral  I  lot  "i  aflerw  ards. 


Krinrlr's  I'litrhrr  -<hop  nou  .  Tln->  \\a>  ort'rivl  fur  *al»\  ami  Mr.  Suratli 
linii-^til  J!  for  MINI.  I  think. "  Somrli.ids  ->!n>urd  im-  tin-  land  of  Mr.  >hn- 
Wood.  I  h;i«|  almost  inadr  Up  inv  mind  to  inn  it.  luit  ilh!  m>t  at  tliat  turn-. 

lull    I    likrd    till'  rollllt  I  \    '.  i  T\     Ilim-ll. 

U  ••  it-!  i  nil'-' I  to  <  •  r.ni\  i  !!«•  t<«  in  i!i'j  •  our  tannin-^  hm-,  ;••  -lo.i-li-'l  "iir  \vairon-. 
a  i  Ml  >i-I  --ail  t"ii  i'  -M-m-ra  i-oiin!  \  \\  i-  u  n  r  u-M-d  1"  1 1  a  vr'mr.;  \>\  !  hi-- 1  urn-,  aid 

U  i-   pi  I  r>  I  In  I   ol  I !'    jolirnr\     U  it  h   rlin-r.   r>pn-|a!h    »o   >:  |  in-    \\  .  •    k  !  I '    'A    !  lie    |n  illit  of 

dt-M  ina;  ion.  lii  tin-  niulil  in-ioii-  \\i-  MM.  hr. i  I  |I|H  {  vin<!ii-k\  it  laiin-'i.  In 
tin-  iiioi  niii'4  t  In-  t  ra\  '•!  \s  a>  ln-a\  \  .  aii'l  I  h.i  I  a  i '!•_'-,'.  r  lo.i.  I  ;  ii.in  \l : .  ^ii'-at  h. 
llf  an.l  tin-  \oiiliur  mm  imt  on  alu-a-l  an-l  !>•!!  up'  l>i'!ninl.  in>I  a-^  t!n'>  »li<l 

o||,'f   lu-t'olr.      Tln'\    Uot    rli-ar  ..111   o!    -l^ilt.      A    I  i  i  I  !••   I  n-\  o|  |,  |    M.I!  loll    thr   liofsi-s. 

niilcav  orini:  lo  a\  oj.i  L;oinur  1  lii'ou^li  a  in  in  I  hole.  <M  ou  c|i-<|  a  u  hn-1  onlo  a 
>t  nin)>.  \v  1 1  ii-li  iicat'i  \  n  i  ••>!  I  in  >  \\  a^oii  ;  I  nit  1 1  \\  l;i-i-U  \\  1-1  <•  at  li-a>t  a  I  ooi  t'roni 
thr  i,'!oii!ii|.  I  ml  all  tlii-  iior-.i->  i  n->lit-il  lor\\ar.|  uith  ^pi-.-.l  tln.'ii^h  tin-  imiil 
hole,  a  Hi  I  tin-  \\  aicoii  l  i'_'ii'fi|  up  aicai  n.  M  \  \\  ;  t't-  aii'l  i-li  i  M  \\  1-1  r  a  loin-  in  t  li»- 
\vauroii  at  tin-  tini'-.  .iinl  an  np^i-t  ilu-n-  ami  t!:i-n  iiiii;lit  !ia\i-  IM-I-II  a  \  i  r\ 
M-rion-,  atlair. 

It  \\  a^  loim  ;ii  tcr  niulit  licl'on-  \\  i-  i  varhnl  I  '  ppi-i  >an.ln--k>  .  ami  t  IH-M-  I  on  in  I 
our  t'rii-ii'N  ii].-i-l\  tn  -kril  a\\a\  in  Iinl  at  \\  alki-r'^  lloti-1.  \\  ,•  hail  not  >i-cn 
tin-in  all  ila\ . 

U  r  ha>l  allot  hi-r  trai'Mil  tinir  ln-t'orr  we  ivarhni  I  pjn-r  >aniln^k>.  M\ 
wil'r  ami  in\  ^i^t«-r^  hail  in-\ri'  ->rrn  an  linlian  hrt'orr.  and  all  t!n->  c\rr  hi-ai'il 
of  thrin  u  a^  ->a\  a '_;v  crurlt  \ .  A>  n  iulil  canir  on  thr  1  n.l  ian^  n>i|r  a!  i  rf  n-  on* 
tlirir  ponirs.  \rlpin^  ami  IniKpiiiLr.  Thi>  t'ri^litriinl  t  hr  woinrn\rr\  murh. 
I  s\a^onin\  >a.l.llr  hiii'M-.  ami  iln-\  kept  railing  to  IIH-  in  an  mi'lrrtoiir. 
"ilri\r  on,  dri\r  on."  I  had  >i-ni  thrm  liri'oiv.  ami  rrinainnl  t|iiirl.  \\  r 
kept  (0^1  •[ hrr  alt'-r  |ra\  i ii-_r  I  pp'-r  Samln^k \ . 

U  In -II  u  r  ivarhril  | ,,  ,\  ,.\  hill .  m-ar  Titlin .  1  lir  jokr  t  nniril  t  In-  ot  her  \\  a\ . 
Siirath'-A  hor>rs  i,rot  \  i«r>  ^ino.itli.  and  l,o\r"^hill  \\  a->  >trr|i  ami  >lip|trr\ . 
•>m-,ilh  wa>  mi  hi>  -a.l.Mr  hor>r  ami  attrmptrd  to  a-crml  tin-  hill.  1ml  t'ailnl. 
and  hi->  -vlddlr  li.ir>,r  1 1 -11  do\\  n.  thr  \\  a^oii  rail  liark  c|o-,r  to  thr  l.alik  ol  thr 

ri\  rr.  and  ranir    \  r|-\    nrai    np^ri  t  i  m_r    into  it .  Imt  all  \\  rnt  on  >a!rl\  ,  and   \\  r 

krpt    toLfrlhrr  |o   thr  to\Mi. 

Thr  In--, t  pa  i  I  o!'  t  hr  jokr  ranir  in  \\  lirii  Mi.  ^nrat  h  i  ninprd  up  at  trr  h  1^ 
h»r-,r  t'rll  and  rvlainird  thai  hrmi^ht  ha\r  ^-ot  hi-  !•••_;•  In ,  .krn.  rr-ardlr-^ 

o|'    thr    datl^r  1    ol'    |i  i^i  IILT    thr    1  1  \  r-.   ol'    h  i^   rllt  i  I'r     la  !l  I  I  1  S  . 

M  i  .  -»>irai  h  im>\rd  into  hi-,  hou^r,  ami  |  t'oand  an  rmpt  \  rahi  n  in  l-'ort  Hall . 
U-loii'_;Jm_r  to  Mi .  MI-I  ,allr\ .  Mr.  xpt-n.-rr  \\  a^  t  In-  projii  irtm  ot'  |-',.;|  Hal!. 
\! '  .  M'-Nral  h.id  a  -in  i!!  -to: .-.  i'iii-h.i  ^m  : :  h  k--p!  |  ,i\  ri'n.  I  ..-•,;  H  -a>r\  u  a- 
.<  I  p'a.-k  --in  •  i  h .  I  >  i  \  :d  ^ni :  t  h  '.\  a  -  a  .  ',i  i .;  i  i.-i  m.iK.-!'.  .1  i  ii-^t  ire  ot  t  hr  pc ,[.•••  and 
a  ;i  id!.-:'  lir  |i\.-,|  ir'ai-  i!i"  MM-;.  1»:.  1  »;, .,;,.,'  -I, .  !au\.Ts  i;  ,uso,,  and 

Dirkilt-Ml    V,  -•!-.-    h.-rr  ;    a!.  p    .'d  ,.'llr    MllaM 


JJI2  HISTORY    OF    SENECA    COUNTY. 

I  bought  tht'  Sherwood  place  containing  nearly  440  acres,  mostly  in  section 
seven,  for  SI. "Hit.  an  1  got  possession  on  the  1st  of  July,  ISi'ii.  We  arrived  in 
Fort  15  ill  on  tli  •  loth  of  June  that  year.  Mr.  Sherwood  was  not  a  very  suc- 
cessful in  in  in  business.  He  kept  a  barrel  of  whisky  in  his  house.  Whisky 
an  1  business  never  run  well  together. 

Mr.    I!  iw  •  In  1  a  few  acres  cleared  alongside  of  the  Stoner  farm. 

Win.  Montgoni'Ty  kept  a  tavern  in  a  small  way  on  a  six-acre  lot  taken  off 
of  a  corner  of  Mie  land  I  bought.  These  were  all  the  improvements  in  that 
neighborhood. 

My  neighbors  were  Mr.  l>owe  and  (ieorge  and  .John  Stoner.  who  came  in 
th  •  fall  of  lv.'J. 

.John  Stoner  lost  his  life  by  a  simple  accident.  In  the  fall  of  Js^ii  he  shot 
a  squirrel  and  trie  1  to  finish  it  with  the  butt  of  his  gun.  He  slipped  and  fell 
on  the  m/./.le  of  his  gun.  which  injured  him  internally  to  such  an  extent  that 
li  '  die  I  after  great  suffering,  in  .January.  ls_>7.  He  was  the  first  person 
buried  in  the  Stoner  graveyard. 

.John.  .Ja'-ob  and  Abraham  ( 'rum.  three  brothers:  K.  Rogers.  .John  ( 'rum 
and  old  Mr.  Abbott  were  also  neighbors. 

The  R:isenbergers.  Shanlls.  Klines  and  others  were  Virginians  and  had  a 
little  settlement  west  of  Wolf  creek. 

(ieorge  I'nffeiiherger  lived  in  a  cabin  some  distance  west,  and  .John  Flack 
in  now  Liberty,  lived  the  farthest  westward  of  any  man  I  could  hear  of.  I 
was  in  company  with  others  in  view  of  a  new  road  and  we  stopped  at  Flack's. 
It  seemed  very  lonesome  to  live  so  entirely  alone  in  the  forest  as  Flack  did. 

Mr.  Cornelius  Flummerfelt  and  the  Parker  brothers  came  about  the  time 
I  did. 

The  Indians  were  troublesome  at  times,  but  never  dangerous,  except  when 
intoxicated.  The  Wyandots  made  their  annual  trips  to  Maiden  to  receive 
presents  from  the  British  government  for  services  rendered  in  the  war 
against  the  I'niled  States.  ()u  their  way  out  they  bought  whisky  at  Fort 
Hall  and  elsewhere,  and  generally  camped  in  front  of  our  house,  where  they 
all  got  drunk  and  rested  a  whole  day  to  sober  up.  They  generally  had  their 
whole  families  with  them.  They  used  to  come  into  the  house  and  wanted 
everthing  we  had.  especially  bread.  Sometimes  they  took  all  the  bread  we 
ha  I  an  1  m>  wife  had  to  bake  again.  They  always  paid  for  what  they 
bought .  ofti'ii  paying  twenty-live  cents  for  a  loaf  of  bread.  One  time  a 
drunken  Indian  got  angry  at  my  wife  and  dre\\  his  knife  on  her.  lie  would 
h  ive  used  it  had  it  not  been  for  a  sober  Indian  close  by.  The  sober  Indians 
often  st  lyvd  all  night  at  our  house,  sleeping  by  the  lire  in  the  same  room  we 
slept.  We  oft"ii  bought  venison  and  cranberries  from  them.  A  camp  of 
drunken  Indians  an  1  squaws  is  a  most  disgusting  sight:  the  papooses 
strapped  on  a  board  Bitting  against  the  trees,  and  the  men  and  women  reel- 
ing around,  t  he  s<|iiaws  si 1 1 ical ing  like  wild  cats.  i!ut  with  all  their  general 
degradation,  we  had  some  interesting  interview  with  those  who  had  been 
christ  iani/.ed  at  camp  and  other  meetings. 

Mr.  Mole]',  a  very  early  settler,  took  up  the  land  where  Mr.  Maule  lived. 
.John  I  toraii.  another  pioneer,  was  at  the  raising  of  Mr.  I  ledges' mill  on  the 
river,  and  became  crippled  for  life  by  the  falling  of  a  tree  in  a  storm  while 
raising  the  mill. 


(•UNION     loWNSHIl'.  513 

My  mother  lived  with  in*-,  after  my  father's  death,  until  slit-  died  in  1MO, 
at  tlic  a^e  nl  7»>  sears. 

\>\\  n>    KII  KIM;  UI.H 

Was  born  in  Washington  eountv.   Maryland.    l>ei  ember    <jth,   1791;.      In 
October,    is-7,    lif    moved    to    Stark   <ount\,   Ohio,  and  in  September, 

i  ^  5  >.  '"  Senec  a  (  mint  \  .  (  Mm  >,  h  u  a!  in_;  three  and  >  >ne  hall  miles  east  o| 
Tittin.  mi  the  North  (Ireentield  ro.id,  wh'-re  In-  bought  two  hundred 
and  forty  ai  res.  all  wood-,  except  about  ti-n  aeres that  had  been  <  ieared 
by  I'riah  K^bert.  trom  \\hom  he  pun  h.iM-d  the  land.  l'.\  ;:id'i>try  and 
iO>od  management  he  berame  siireesslul  in  tanning,  tindin^  market  in 
Sand;isk\'.  It  \va>  c'.istomary  ;n  the  earK  da\s  lu-re  \\:th  {.inner--,  who 
.;\ed  neat  'I'ittin.  Mehnore  or  Kep'.iblii  ,  th.it  wln-n  thr\  took  a  load  ot 
prodiu  e  to  >amiMsky  to  brin^  b.u  k  a  load  ot'-ood>  tor  the  m.c-n  liants. 
'i  here  \\ere  mo-,t  al\\ays  some  ot  their  ^onds  |.:!ed  Mp  t!:ere  auaitin^; 
ti  aiisportatioii.  Mr.  Kiekenb. inch's  personal  in'a'^rity  \son  the  con;'i 
<le'!i  e  ol  everyboily  that  kne\v  li;m,  and  the  men  hauls  ^a\e  ii;!n  ord'-i's 
!'  i  brinu  '^'  "  'i I*  with  pleasure. 

lie  \\  as  married  on  the  j ;  th  ot  1  ebn:ar\ .  i  ^  jj.  to  M  ar_;aret  >prei  her. 
<>l  Washin_;:on  tinintv,  \I.ir\land.  uho  i-  a  -;-'-roi  tin-  dis!:n-';i-,heil 
«livine.  tl;>-  Kev.  >amnel  Sprei  her.  1  >.  I  >.  and  I.  I..  1>  .  the  president  ot 
Wittenln-r^  i  oile^e.  at  Sprin-tield.  Ohio. 

'1  his  marriage  was  blessed  u;th  two  daughters  and  tour  suns,  l'\\o 
son-  only  --u:'\:ve;  S  uniiri  living  on  the  o!.l  h.i  »mestead.  and  laeob 
li\  in.;  near  'ri!:i:i,  <  >hjo.  Mr.  R ;(  kenb  t';_h  died  April  i;'.h.  is;,,,  at 
the  ,i_'e  oi  s;\ty  \e,irs.  h;_;ii'\  esteemed  !or  his  many  traits  ot  manly 
\  .1  tnes,  and  mourned  b\  those  u  ho  had  learned  to  lo\  e  and  admire  him 
.!-  .1  _i )'  id  and  '.  r;e  man  in  lite. 

Mrs.     l\i(  krnbauuh     still    siir\i\es.     .u     the     adxamed    a_;e     ot    eighty, 
sj, ending  'he  evenili:;  ot  her  !:le  \s:t!i   her  son   Samuel,  on  the  old  home 
stead.. 


w  is  born  in  Nortliampton  i  (iunt\  .  l'enns\  l\an:a,  September  j.jth.  17^0. 
1  ! ',  -  tathi-r  d.ed  wln-n  I  ' an: el  u  as  but  tni  years  old.  Some  s  ears  'here 
ai''-r  In-  <  ommein  rd  tlie  stru^^le  lor  lite  single  hand.ed  and  alone  bv 
driving  a  tram  over  the  mountains  o!  I'entisyU  ania.  wiiii  h  business  in- 
|o,',ourd  tor  several  \ears.  In  I S  . ;  he  was  mairied.  and  >n  iS-;  he 
ni'  •••  -  d,  to  and  So,  ati-d  in  I  airt'seld  i  o-uit\ .  (  'hio.  be:;u  anion^  :!u-  t";rst 
>et '  iers  ot  that  port :  i  in  ot  i  i'n:o.  :  i;r  n  the  lion  tier.  In  i  .>  <>  !-.  e  ino\  r.l 
to  I'M  kau  a\  .  and  lot  a  ted  upon  .1  1 1  a<  t  ot  land  ]  >nn  ha-ed  !i  om  the  -o\ 


514  HISTORY    OF    SENECA    COUNTY. 

eminent  at  three  dollars  per  acre.  In  1824  he  sold  this  land,  moved 
to  this  county,  and  purchased  land  of  the  government  on  Rocky  creek, 
from  which  the  new  cemetery  is  taken,  and  as  already  described.  It 
took  him  seven  days  to  move  from  Pickaway  here.  He  stopped  for  a 
few  days  with  Reuben  Williams,  on  the  Coo  farm,  in  the  log  house  still 
standing  there,  and  until  he  could  build  a  cabin  for  himself.  He  ar- 
rived here  in  April,  and  his  cattle  were  compelled  to  subsist  on  brouse 
until  pasture  came  on.  The  poor  animals  were  so  used  to  brouse  that 
when  they  heard  a  tree  fall  they  would  all  run  and  devour  the  tender 
branches  with  avidity.  John  Searles,  Joseph  Foncannon  and  George 
Stoner.  who  lived  from  three  to  live  miles  apart,  were  about  all  the 
persons  who  had  corn  to  sell,  and  Mr,  Dildine  had  to  buy  his  corn 
where  he  could  get  it,  and  for  the  provisions  for  his  family  he  had  to  go 
to  Franklin  county  and  to  Mansfield,  where  he  obtained  them  in  ex- 
change for  salt  and  fish,  which  he  took  with  him.  The  fish  were  caught 
here  in  great  abundance  in  the  creeks,  the  river  and  the  lake.  The  salt 
was  shipped  from  Syracuse;  both  salt  and  fish  selling  in  the  central 
counties  with  a  handsome  profit. 

Mr.  Dildine  cleared  a  good  portion  of  his  farm,  and  in  1830  sold  it 
to  Thomas  Coe.  He  then  bought  two  hundred  and  forty  acres  on  the 
South  Greenfield  road,  about  three  and  a  half  miles  east  of  Tiffin,  where 
he  lived  the  rest  of  his  days.  He  retained  to  his  last  his  mental  and 
very  much  of  his  physical  powers.  He  was  a  man  of  wonderful  endur- 
ance: quiet  in  his  nature,  kind  and  generous.  He  lived  to  a  fine  old 
age,  and  exchanged  the  scenes  of  this  life  for  the  realities  of  a  higher 
order  of  existence  at  the  ripe  age  of  ninety-one  years  and  three  days, 
on  the  27th  day  of  September  1872. 

NICHOLAS    OOKTSCHirS 

Was  a  soldier  in  the  war  of  1812,  under  General  Harrison.  He  was 
born  in  Montgomery  county.  New  York:  moved  from  thereto  Franklin 
county.  Ohio,  and  came  to  Seneca  in  1825,  in  April.  He  first  located 
on  the  North  Greenfield  road,  near  Fgbert's.  and  located  on  the  Port- 
land road  in  1835.  upon  the  eight}'  acres  he  had  entered.  He  was 
about  seventy-eight  years  old  when  he  died,  at  one  ot  his  son's-in-law  in 
Sanduskv  countv.  lie  had  two  sons  and  three  daughters. 


C  I. IN  I  OS    TOWN  SUM'.  515 

When  they  settled  in  Clinton  there  was  no  house  for  seven  miles  east 
on  the  North  Creenfield  road.  Samuel  Si  othorns,  in  Reed,  lived  there. 
There  was  no  road  open  to  town.  They  had  to  underbrush  a  road  to 
Tiffin,  and  then  followed  the  bla/ed  trees.  Hunter's  null  was  built  in 
1X25. 

I  Kl   I'l   Kit    K     i    k  \\|l   K 

Was  born  in  Frederick  county,  Maryland,  ot  ( lennan  parentage,  on  the 
-•  ;d  day  ot  September,  177';.  and  wa- married  about  Manh  _'>th,  iXofi. 
to  Catharine  Uarr.uk.  who  died  lanuary  ijt.h.  i  ~*<>.\,  a_'ed  eighty  two 
year>.  two  month-  and  nineteen  da\ -. 

Mr.  ('ramer  arrived  here  on  the  ;oth  da\  ot  September.  i*^-->  being 
twenty  one  day-  on  the  road  ,  and  bought  the  northeast  >juarter  ot  sec- 
tion -ixteen,  here  in  Cl.nton.  on  the  i -t  da\  of  (  )i  tober  in  that  year, 
and  wnere  he  re-ided  all  the  balance  ot  hi-  da\-  lie  died  on  the  Xth 
day  of  August.  1X42.  aged  sixty  two  year-,  ten  month-  and  fifteen  days 
Six  of  his  <  hildren  died  in  infancy,  and  tour  are  -till  li\  ing.  I  >enni-  F. 
('ramer  is  the  oldest  son.  now  living  in  Tiffin,  and  the  lather  ot  a  large 
family.  Three  of  hi- -on-  are  lawyer-,  of  whom  I'pton  1-'.  held  the  ottn  e 
of  probate  judge  many  year-.  Father  ('ramer  wa-  not  verv  tall,  but 
corpulent  ami  large.  In  hi-  dress  and  general  appearam  e  he  was  the 
very  embodiment  ot  a  (Quaker,  but  he  wa-  an  esteemed  member  of  the 
.  (lerman  Reformed  ('hurcli. 


NVas  born  in  Martin-burg.  Berkley  county,  Virginia.  February  -,}d.  iSoo. 
\\hen  about  :wo  year-  old.  hi-  lather  emigrated  to  the  -tate  ot  (  >hio. 
then  in-!  admitted  into  the  I'nion,  and  settled  in  the  hill-  ot  Fairfield 
county,  near  where  I  am  a-ter  now  stand-.  The  country  around  there  was. 
almo-t  an  unbroken  wilderness  ,u  that  time,  there  being  but  a  tew  pioneer 
-etller-,  who  had  to  battle  with  the  tore-t.  wild  bea-t-  and  wild  Indian-. 
Thi-\  were  obliged  !o  ra.-e  their  own  1;\  ing.  and  rai-e  and  makt-  their 
o\s  n  hi'mi'-j-un  garments.  |.ime>  ua-  tlie  oldc-t  «i  loim  M\'er-'  !.im;l\' 
ot  nine  i  h;'.dren,  and  \\a-  ot  nei  e--it\  <  ompeilcd  to  wr'k  a-  -oon  a-  he 
wa-  able  to  i--i-t  ;n  main'. aim  114  the  tain;! \ .  I  he: r  ad',  .intake-  tor  edu 
catioti  \\>  '.-'•  hnr.'i-d.  '.here  beiiu  no  -,(  }},<•>]  hou-e-  md  \\.-\\  ^.  li.Mi.ir>.  ami 
in  !  i<  :  :':.'.:  n--i  -  'i:d  no!  allow  them  urn  h  t.me  :•':  ed'n  at;on. 

b'T   \\  !i  i'  c'.  i'!   ! ;'. e\   d;d    -,r';    wa-    ma-: crcd  b\    t  hem>e'!\  c->  •    a    ^rcat 


516  HISTORY    OK    SENECA    COUNTY. 

married  to  Sarah  (law,  a  young  woman  of  Newark,  Licking  county, 
( )hio.  After  marriage  lie  commenced  business  for  himself,  and  tried 
his  fortune  at  raising  tobacco  among  the  hills  of  Fairfield  county,  which 
business  he  followed  for  several  years,  until  his  own  family  began  to  in- 
crease. When  it  consisted  of  himself,  wife  and  four  children,  he  began 
to  think  he  must  own  some  land  in  order  to  be  able  to  raise  his  family 
properly,  but  by  that  time  all  the  tillable  land  of  Fairfield  county  was 
alrcadv  occupied,  and  his  scanty  means  would  not  allow  him  to  pur- 
chase second  handed,  so  he  began  looking  over  the  territories  01  the 
far  west,  as  it  was  then  called. 

Himself  and  a  friend,  Isaac  Lepurd,  (who  settled  near  Attica,  in 
Venice),  started  out  in  search  of  government  land,  and  as  the  tide  ot 
emigration  hail  begun  to  lead  to  Seneca  county,  he  and  his  friend  di- 
rected their  steps  thither;  I  say  steps,  for  they  traveled  on  foot,  it  being 
before  the  days  of  steamboats  and  railroads. 

In  September,  1831,  they  arrived  at  a  land  office,  now  called  Tiffin, 
which,  at  that  time,  was  composed  of  old  Fort  Hall,  and  two  or  three 
log  cabins  on  the  east  side  of  the  river.  .Alter  looking  over  the  country 
a  couple  of  weeks,  they  both  suited  themselves,  and  entered  as  much 
land  as  their  means  would  allow,  and  returned  home  to  Fail-field,  to 
collect  money  enough  again  to  move  him  and  family  to  his  newly 
acquired  possessions. 

It  was  not  until  in  June.  1833.  that  he  left  Fairfield  county  with  his 
family,  in  a  two  horse  wagon,  with  all  his  worldly  effects.  His  family 
then  consisted  of  his  wife  and  four  children.  Maria  1  .ouise.  Martha,  ( ieorge 
and  l)avid.  then  a  babe  three  months  old.  They  were  on  the  road  fifteen 
days,  and  traveled  a  distance  of  less  than  a  hundred  miles,  the  road 
most  of  the  way  being  in  the  woods,  only  an  Indian  trail  or  a  blazed 
route  to  guide  footmen.  They  arrived  on  the  23d  of  |une,  and  began 
immediately  to  make  for  themselves  a  home  by  clearing  off  a  piece  of 
iand  and  building  a  house,  with  which  they  took  extra  pains  to  have  it 
large  and  line  tor  those  days,  and  which  is  still  standing,  the  same  that 
is  occupied  by  Conrad  and  (ieorge  Cillig  as  a  residence  on  the  old 
homestead,  but  for  several  weeks  they  slept  in  their  wagon  and  cooked 
their  meals  by  a  stump-lire. 

Four  more  children  were  born  to  them  in  Seneca  county.  Ann,  lames 
('..  Jennie  and  John.  Maria,  the  eldest,  died  in  the  151!!  year  of  her 
age.  and  John,  the  youngest,  died  the  same  year,  and  are  buried  in  the 
old  K'xknin  cemetery,  they  being  the  only  deaths  that  have  occurred 
in  the  family.  All  the  rest  are  well,  and  give  prospect  of  long  lives. 
The}'  Uved  upon  the  old  farm  forty-four  years. 


In  1*75.  hcin^  «)1«1  anil  almost  blind,  and  Aunt  Sally,  his  wile,  beinij 
unable  to  attend  to  her  household  duties,  and  having  no  <  hiidren  at 
hoMi'-,  he  i •<  >!n  luded  to  s.-il  their  h<  >!iie  -lead  and  spend  tin.-  balam  e 
i>!  ;he:r  da\  i  ;M  ease  and  <  omtort.  >•  >  thev  s./.d  oi;  .ill  real  aii'i  in-r 
son.ii  est  ite.  ri-t.iin:nj  n  -th.iu  Id?  a  horse  an-!  .  arri.ue.  .in. I  moved  in 
the  home  «.;'  ihe  oldest  .i  lighter.  Ma:  tiia.  ii\  111.4  ;:,  I  lenrv  .  .i-int\ .  <  Hi.o. 
uiirrc  ;!u-\  •,;;!!  rr>i'U-  .n  (x-.u  r  ;i:nl  ha|>jiiiu--->.  ln-;n_;  !>.>'. h  wi-l!.  with 
jii'i  i  -|  irr'^  .it  h\;!i_;  .1  ...MM!  iii.t;i\  \  rar->  \ct.  'lln-\  h.isi-  !;vcil  together 
titiv  -six  year-  la:!':arv  i^t.  |SSV>. 

"  I  ;n  !r  I. MI."  a>  he  ^.i--  I.tin ih.it'ly  <  alh-il.  vva-.  a  \\h'i!r  -'I'llnl.  kind 
lu-arti'd  in. in.  ,i!wa\>  ^i\;n^  l<>  thox-  MI  iienl.  'I'lic  lu'ui^ar  wa>.  never 
t'iniri  1  ii'i  mi  li;-,  i  it  K  >r  eni])ty .  He  had  a  kind  1-  ><  >k  and  a  ]  'iea-ant  >  in  lie 
Inr  ever\!)ody  he  met.  He  u  a^  a  tnendto  everyi>ne.  and  all  seemed 
Ljiad  tn  see  him  and  take  a  triendlv  sh.ike  \vhene\erthev  met.  lor  the 
List  tew  years  IK-  has  so  near!)'  los[  hi>  eyesj^lit  that  heeannn;  read  nor 
si  an  ely  rei  o_;ni/e  his  iriemU.  '1'liis  is  ,t  _;reai  h)s>  to  him.  as  he  was  a 
ureat  reader,  and  tew  men  were  better  ported  than  he  in  ma'ters  and 
things  in  ^ener.il;  b:it  no\\  he  depends  entirely  upon  his  friends  to  read 
lor  him,  and  thev  are  very  kind  to  him.  doin^  all  that  (  an  be  done  to 
make  him  <  « uiitortable. 

Samuel  \\'a^_;oner.  Martin  |- rees.  li/ra  Uak'-r.  \\'illiani  ll.iker.  |a>ob 
Adams.  Jarob  Souder.  old  Mr.  (  )lnisted.  I  >a\  id  i  >lmsted,  l.lishaOhn- 
sted.  I'hom.is  \'anatta,  As.i  ( 'roi  ket.  (olin  \\'o',;.  I'eter  Sehu<  h.  Joseph 
Henn,  Samuel  ilenn.  Ja<ob  I'  ree-.  \\'iHi,im  \\'illia:iis.  (ames  Mevers. 
I'eter  I  rees  .unl  <>\ hers  were  ai-o  old  settlers  m  ( 'lint on.  in  .nidi!  ion  to 
those  ail  ead\  namei  1. 

The  iir-t  patent  issued  by  the  I  nited  >t  lies  tor  an\  land  sold  in  this 
i  o  u  n  i  v .  In  .  i ;  i  .  t «  !  o ;  i  o  n  _r  r  e  s  >  p  a  >  --  e  d  \  !  •  r .  1  j  4 1 1 1 .  i  S  j  .  |  >  r  o  \  ;  d ;  n  _;  tor  ;  j ; ,  • 
sale  oi  th.e  p'ib'i;i  lands  i  ailed  the  new  pMi'i  h.ise  .  \s.is  t.ir  the  \\est  hall 
i  >'.  tin-  southwest  ,j  i  ar'er  oi  sei  lion  t',\ent\'  lliree,  I  .  j.  \.  \\ ,  i^  1... 
eighty  a<  res.  to  |ohn  Anwa\.  1'or  wan:  oi  a  •  o'in',\  liere  this  patent 
\\  is  re<  ord'-d  in  the  re.  iirder's  otlh  e  at  I  .osver  Sand'iskv. 

1  lo'ind  more  to  s.i\  about  ('lintoii  towiisliip  tlian  I  first  antii  ipated. 
[rit  tiiere  >  I..  -•.<\-\  in  ail  oi  it . 


\\  ho  tilled  .'  \  e;-\  i  o;i  sp ;(  u  o- 1  s  pl.u  e  ;n  pu'li.  n  es^ ;  mat  mil,  one  of  whom 
i  s  s ; : ',  1  1 .  \  M  i  _:  here,  and  t  i  i  e  n  u  m  e  r  o  u  s  _;  r  a  n  d  i  h  i  i  d  r  e  n  b  e ;  n  _;  M  a  1 1  e  r  e  d  tar  a ; :  d 
near,  desr-r\'-  j.artu  u!ar  mention  in  the  historv  ot  this  township. 

I  redei ,  i  r.  ^'  :  i  '.s  .MI  del  i  a  me  trom  the  (   ant  on  ,  ij    I'lcrn,  in  Sw.  t/eriand. 
to  the  i  oloiu    ot   l'en:is\  1\  .mia  in    I  75  -•,    aim    settled  in     >oi;'.h  \\luteh.,.'. 


518  HISTORY    01.     SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

township.  1  .chilli  county,  on  a  farm  that  has  ever  since  and  up  to  this  time 
been  known  a--  the  "  Schwander  place."  He  was  married  here  and 
raise-.',  a  tamii\.  Alter  his  death  tiie  oldest  son.  lacob,  became  the 
owner  of  the  farm  on  which  lie  was  born. 

A  Mr.  Shriver  lived  some  eight  miles  away,  and  had  living  in  his  house 
with  him  as  a  sort  of  quasi  slave,  a  beautiful  Swiss  girl  by  the  name  of 
Barbara  (ierster.  He  bought  her  at  Philadelphia  for  her  fare  across  the 
ocean.  The  reader  should  remember  here,  that  it  was  considered  not 
only  right  and  fair  to  sell  the  passengers  to  America  who  could  not  pay 
'for  their  passage,  but  the  act  was  legali/ed  by  statute.  They  were  sold 
at  auction  for  the  least  number  of  months  or  years  a  person  would  buy 
them  for  and  pay  the  fare.  Families  were  thus  often  separated,  many 
of  them  abused  and  ill-treated,  and  by  people,  too.  that  soon  after  this 
system  of  slavery  was  abolished,  raised  a  terrible  hue  and  cry  against 
black  slavery.  After  the  shipowners  of  Boston  had  become  rich  in  the 
African  slave  trade,  they  all  became  Abolitionists.  But  to  return  to  the 
wedding. 

Near  Mr.  Shriver's  was  a  place  called  Fgvpt.  tor  it  produced  great 
quantities  of  grain.  Jacob  Schwander  and  the  Swiss  beaut  v  were  lovers. 
(  )ne  day  they  went  to  Kgypt,  and  the  young  couple  were  married  by  a 
preacher.  After  the  wedding  cereinonv  was  over,  the  young  bride  took 
a  seat  on  Schwander's  horse,  behind  the  groom,  and  they  rode  back  to 
the  farm.  After  dinner  bride  and  groom  look  their  sickels  and  went 
into  the  harvest  field  reaping  wheat  the  balance  of  the  day.  This  was 
their  bridal  tour.  There  were  no  railroads  leading  to  the  fashionable 
watering  place*,  and  there  were  no  "  shoddies"  in  the  country  at  that 
time. 

Life  meant  work,  and  the  sentence  of  Adam  was  the  order  of  the  day. 
This  wedding  took  place  in  1775. 

When  Frederick  Schwander  came  to  this  country  his  father  and 
grandfather  were  still  living.  Jacob  had  eight  children,  five  boys  and 
three  girls.  John  Schwander  was  his  oldest  son.  anil  was  born  on  the 
farm  where  his  father  was  born,  and  while  his  father  was  serving  in  the 
revolutionary  army,  under  Washington,  on  the  2ist  day  of  June,  1/76. 
and  thirteen  days  before  the  Declaration  oi  Independence.  lohn  was 
raised  on  the  same  farm,  and  in  the  year  i.Xoo  was  married  to  Miss 
Fli/abeth  (ilick.  of  I,e*high  county.  The  writer  heard  the  old  gentle- 
man say  that  he  voted  tor  [efferson  in  the  same  year  he  was  married. 
John  S<  hwander  had  thirteen  children  in  this  union,  seven  boys  and  six 
girls.  The  sons  are  all  dead  but  Fdward,  who  is  the  youngest  son.  but 
the  daughters  are  all  living  at  this  writing.  The  sons  were  John,  fames, 


Thomas.  |o-ej>h.  I'.dward  :ind  Stephen  who  died  when  lie  was  fourteen 
years  old  on  the  old  tar  in  in  lYnnsv  1\  ania  .  and  another  du-d  there  .dso 
in  intarn  \.  The  daughters  aie  Hannah,  wile  oi  Ilenrv  K':nk!<-,  oi' 
1  ,'\<  as  i  o'in:  \  .  (  Mii'  >.  F.teiia,  widow  oi  l-rini.s  I'rexler;  >  '.rah.  A  :d.  -w 
ot  U  il'tiam  1'Ui  khalter ;  l.li/a,  wateot  I  dward  Knifi-r:  Mtrv  Ann.  wife 
ot  \\iliiam  Mi\der,  and  ( 'arobne.  «:te  o!  Wiii. am  >ohn.  all  living  in 
•>e!lei  a  louiltV.  |ohll  died  ;n  New  |er-e\.  where  he  iived.  at  New 
hope.  lames.  Joseph  and  1  ho  mas  died  on  their  tai  m  homes  m  (  'lint  on 
township,  where  they  had  lived  near  together  mi  the  Mansfield  state 
road 

John  Si  hwander,  the  lather  oi  these  children,  a'ter  his  marriage  in 
iNo,;.  rented  larnis  in  the  neighborhood  ot  (hi-  old  homestead  until 
1^07.  when  he  moved  to  (  Min>  and  lo.  ated  in  1  airfield  cmintv,  but 
bei  inning  dissatisiied  with  the  immtrv,  returned  to  I  ehuh  t  minty  and 
boii^li'  the  old  homestead.  Here  hi-  sun.  l.dwird.  wa-  born,  and  all 
ot  the  \  ouiucr  .uirls;  the  homestead  »\  llirir  urea!  urandlather.  I- 1  ed 
crii  k,  a  i  iri  umstam  e  \  er\  rare  in  Amern  a.  where  people  are  mo\  in^ 
from  j-hi'  e  to  phn  e  with  a  uonderlnl  Iacilit\  and  wher-.-  the  :o\  e  o| 
home  is  not  i  cardinal  virtue  annuiL;  th-.-  peop  e. 

These  i  hi  hire  n  oi  |  ohn  Schw  and-.T  dropp.-d  th"  "  •  h  "  in  ;':ie  name  as 
thev  ^rew  i'.p.  and,  attended  4.n_;l;sh  s.  hools  I.dward  was  married  in 
1  .eli.^h  ind  mo\  ed  into  (  "linton  in  i  v(  .  w  here  h<-  set! hi!  mi  t h--  north- 
west ijuarter  o!  --ei  lion  tweiits  se\  en,  and  where  lie  still  l:\es,  the  onlv 
male  siir\  ;\  ,  ir  o!  that  once  lar_e  lainily.  Alter  ii\  in_;  h.ere  abmtt  mu- 
\  ear.  he  lost  his  wilt.1,  and  in  i  .V|  (  lie  was  a -am  married  to  Hannah.,  tlie 
youngest  sister  ot  the  writer.  In  this  union  ei_;ht  chilitien  were  born, 
ol  whom  --.x  are  still  !i\  i  IIL;.  Hannah  died  I  >ei  ember  4.  i  N'>  - . 

About  one  \ear  alter  I'.dward  moved  to  t 'linton.  the  lather  sold  the 
old  Si  hwander  phn  e  in  l.ehiuh  and  i  ame  to  Seneca  aUo. 

\\hen  yon  -o  eastward  mi  the  >mith  (ireeinield  road,  about  two 
miles  irmii  1'ittin.  you  strike  the  Morrison  stale  road.  I  nuking  north 
\oii  see  a  neat  little  brick  house,  painted  red.  standing  i  lose  to  \\'illow 
i  reek  and  a  spring.  This  house  |  ohn  Si  hw  ander  buiii.  Here  he  b\  ed 
until  he  died  mi  the  17th  ol  1'ine.  1X5^.  ll;s  \\iie  also  died  here  mi 
the  7th  o|'  |-  ebruary.  i  Si,  i .  less  than  two  years  alter  h.  is  death. 

1  he  o'd  gentleman  w  .is  remarkable  in   his  ph\  ,;,  ai  and   mental  make 
up.       lie   A-.IS  abmi'  live  lert,  si\   im  lies  hi^h.  •>tmn   and  <  'Uiip.n  tl\   built; 
had   a   tair  i  omplexion.   lar^e.  blue    e\  es.  aih  i   a   tnie   head,   w  ir. i  h   be (  ame 
bald     a.     lie    -lew    old.       He  \\a-\ei\    pleas. mi   ;n     i  mu  ers.it  urn .  and  in 
st  i  in  ti\  e        He    ,jioke  \  ei  \    ;nt  crest ;  n^l  \  .  i  ela' ;  n  _;  1 1  aiis.ii  t ;  ons  and  atl'ai  rs 
in    1'enn    \l\an:a.  Ills  e\]iloits    when    he    dro\  e    a    bi^;    team  on    'die  pikes. 


tj20  HISTORY    OK    SKNECA    COUNTY. 

liis  knowledge  of  men  and  events,  and  his  age  put  no  obstacle  in  his 
\vav  of  relating  laughable  anecdotes.  lie  was  a  gentleman  by  nature 
and  education:  always  pleasant,  always  kind  to  everybody,  anil  being 
possessed  of  a  cheerful  nature,  enabling  him  to  look  upon  the  sunny 
side  of  life,  no  doubt  prolonged  his  days.  lie  and  the  old  lady  died 
highly  esteemed  in  the  community  where  they  spent  the  evening  of 
their  davs.  This  family  of  Schwanders  is  the  only  one  by  that  name 
known  in  the  I'niled  States. 

(  >ne  hi-toric  incident  in  the  lite  of  the  aboved  named  Jacob  Schwan- 
der  should  not  be  omitted: 

During  the  administration  ot  the  elder  Adams.  Pennsylvania  passed 
an  act  taxing  the  doors  and  windows  of  the  houses.  The  law  proved 
exceedingly  obnoxious  to  the  people,  and  on  several  occasions  the  col- 
lectors were  abused.  The  people  in  the  I.ehigh  valley  had  stood  by 
the  I'nited  Colonies  during  the  revolutionary  war.  and  contributed 
men  and  means  in  support  ot  it.  When  this  new  form  of  stamp-tax 
was  inaugurated,  some  ot  them  met  a  (  ollector  who  came  amongst 
them  on  horseback,  made  him  get  off  his  horse  and  told  him  that  they 
would  show  him  how  the  stamp-tax  operated.  (  >ne  of  the  men  raised 
the  horse's  tail  and  the  others  pushed  the  collector's  nose  to  where  the 
crupper  in. ikes  a  crook.  For  this  rough  treatment  the  men  were  arrest- 
ed and  placed  in  the  jail  in  Bethlehem,  which  was  then  the  county  seat 
of  Northampton  county,  and  betore  the  countv  ot  Lehigh  was  organ 
i/ed.  The  imprisonment  of  the  men  aroused  the  indignation  of  the 
people  of  I.ehigh  valley  to  such  an  extent  that  one  time,  in  open  dav 
light,  several  hundred  men  assembled  near  Bethlehem  and  marched  to 
the  jail.  Here  they  formed  two  lines  in  open  order  when  a  squad  of 
them  demanded  the  release  of  the  men.  and  this  being  refused  bv  the 
sheriff,  the  doors  of  the  jail  were  forced  open  and  the  men  released. 
The  sheriff  railed  out  the  militia  and  a  regiment  of  soldiers  camped 
near  Bethlehem,  ashling  the  sheriff  in  making  arrests.  The  whole 
country  was  aroused,  and  many  ot  the  rescuing  parties  tied  into  the 
mountains.  Those  who  were  arrested  were  prosecuted  and  lined,  or 
acquitted.  A  warrant  was  issued  aUo  against  Jacob  Schwander,  who 
was.  perhaps,  as  guilty  as  any  of  them,  but  he  escaped  the  vigilance  ot 
the  sheriff,  his  posse  and  the  military  by  secreting  h;m>e!f  in  a  large 
stone  quarry,  not  lar  trom  his  ;arm  —  the  Schwander  place.  For  three 
mo;/  •  'd  his  victuals  to  him  in  the  night,  returning  be- 

fore mori  .  ibserved.  It  she  had  attracted  the  attention  of  anv 
one.  even,  there  was  nobody  to  tell  tales  out  of  school.  The  law  had 
no  friends  n  the  1  ehigh  valley.  Schwander  escaped  unpunished. 


CI.IMDN     ToWNSHII'. 


\Va>  horn  (  »c  tober  .'7.  |S\;.  in  |-'redr-rii  k  «  ountv.  Maryland.  i:id  ra^ed 
a->  a  farmer  llr  married  M  ir^.iret  U  il'mm.  \u^u-:  }.  i^-'-.  who  \\.ts 
1)  ir:i  April  -'.;.  iS:>;.  Th'-y  -ctlled  in  th:-  wood-  -m  ;!u-  I'.IMM  \vlim- 
I  'i>  '_;••  1';  '  tender  \\<>\\  h\  i'-..  u:i  t!ir  M  el  more  r  o  td.  ;  ;>  <  >.  •  obe;  .  i  -.  _•  -i.  aud 
took  their  -hare  oj  the  trontier  |o\  ,  mil  hardship-  u:'!i  the  re>t  n!  tlie 
M'ttUTs. 

Mr.  Se<  ri>!  'lied  A[in!  <>.    iS.p.       Mr>.  Se<  r:-!  h\e>  w::h  lier  il.m^litcr 
in    1'iltin,  (  >lp.o. 

\i  i  :  .    r  1  1  \  K  i  i  -  k  I  I  I  I  s 

U'.i-  horn  on  the  Mil  of  M.ireh,  17.;^,  in  H  untinuton  (  oiint)  .  lVnn-,\l 
vani.i.  \\"lieii  lie  w.i>  yet  a  chiitl.  h;>  t  ither  ino\cil  u;;h  hi-  [.imilv 
into  \\'.ivne  <  onnty,  <  >hio.  .iml  settled  lonr  t;::le^  e.i-t  oj  \\oo-trr.  In 
tlie  siiininer  oi  I.S.M  he.  with  M-VCII  other^.  hi-  eonir.oie-*,  -tarteii  on 
loo:  to  see  the  western  lo'in'ry.  They  came  to  Man-fieM  ai'.'l  t'rom 
there  they  took  a  roa-1  that  \va-  <  ailed  the  "  M(  (  'orinai  k  trail."  whii  h 
led  through  ti:e  wood-,  to  'I'ittin.  \>\  wa\  oi  I'aroiine.  The\  -tayeil  iieie 
one  week,  and  while  here  t'ney  helped  to  put  up  a  cabin  lor  a  man  bv 
the  name  oi'  Arm-.troiiL;  hreimin.  Mr.  Hedges  h.id  mi.  I-  hijn  a  pre>enl 


and  mo\  e  his  lam:!  v  mt<  i  it. 

The  parts   wanted  to  board  at   Mr.   Howe's,  but  when   I'.owe  found  out 

that  they  were  ::.>in_;  to  build,    a    cabin    on  this  side  of  the  ri\er.  lie    40; 

,in_;-\    aud    refused    to    board    them.      They  put    up  the    cabin.  howe\er. 

and  i>  >arded  tlu-m-'-h  C-.      Mr.   Keile\  wu- the  cook.     A  man  i  ame  alon^ 

w;t','.  some  ilour.  whuli    the\     bought,  to-ethrr    with    some    pork.        I  \\   . 

In  1:  ins  took    hold    .tud    helped    them   -ome    in    uettinj    up    t!:e  lo_>.  bu: 

when    dinner    A  a-     reads'  ihev     relu-ed  to     c.r     w.th    the  whites.      Thc\ 

-,ta\ed   apart  b\    thein-el\es,  but   the\    would  eat    all    that   was  brought  to 

1 1  i  •  •  u 

I    :e  i  .ib  :.  was  pu-  up  on  th.e  lot  south  i>:     the  wooK-ii  mill  and  .  >n  the 
.:   wh.'-re  th.e  Irame  building  IMA   st  md-.  on    the    \sv-:    -ii!--    o:    \V.isi. 

i  iu ;  on   s*  re'-r ,  .mi  1    is    .  M  .  upu'd    :  i\    t  he  N  ;n_;  ii    lam :  i\  .       I :    \v  a-  t  he  tir-.; 

(.{''>.}}'•[•••    :••  1  on  llie  pi  it   ot    T.ttm.       'I  he    lo_:-    were    (  u!     in    the  wood> 

around  0:1  r-  da\  ,  and  on  the  n<-\:    :;r  >rn;'u  I  he  deer  u  (  :         -rn  bro^  -;:;_; 

on  tile  '  >['-  o:  the  trees  that   were  i  ut  down  0:1  :!;••  1  •:  .  uheic  the  .  m:r! 

house   in  >w  s'  tin  i ,. 

Mr.   hr-'unin     UM\  ed     into    h.-    •  abin     I  ha',     fall,  and     he.  his  wile  and 

three  <  hddren  d.ed  hen-   w.-'nn  a  si,,,;--  finie   oi    each  other.      Th.e  men 

who  helped  to  build  the  cabin    were    ('hn->t.    \\',:/.    llenrv    Miller.    1  >a\  id 


^2?  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    C<H'NTY. 

Fowler.  Mr.  Drennin.  three  others  and  the  two  Indians.  This  cabin 
wa-i  ]>nt  up  before  the  countv  seat  was  located  here. 

Captain  S'lcrwoml  lived  north  !  town  a  piece,  and  John  \Velsh  about 
four  miles  s>  Kith. 

Mr.  U'elsh  acted  as  our  pilot  through  the  woods  when  we  started 
back.  There  was  no  house  between  New  Haven  and  Fort  Hall. 

Mr.  Kcllev  is  the  father  of  Mrs.  Dr.  Samuel  W.  Hricker,  in  Tiffin,  now 
on  a  visit  to  his  daughter,  and  the  foregoing  statement  gives  his  words 

as  nearly  as  possible. 

WILLIAM    M'KWKN. 

Mr.   lames  Me  I',  wen  says: 

M\  father.  William  McFwen.  was  born  in  Pierwick.  Pennsylvania.  He 
went  to  Northampton  county.  Pennsylvania,  to  learn  the  trade  of  a  black- 
smith, and  was  married  there  to  Sarah  Johnson.  We  came  here  in  the  fall 
of  1  si!:!  and  brought  with  us  one  half  ton  of  hay.  which  we  made  at  New 
Haven.  With  this  hay  we  kept  four  horses  ami  twocowsall  winter.  There 
was  plenty  of  picking  ill  the  woods  all  winter  in  lsi!.'!.  Father  entered  the 
southwest  quarter  of  section  twenty-seven,  in  Clinton,  and  put  up  a  cabin 
there  and  a  blacksmith  shop. 

Feverett  liradley  settled  on  the  southeast  quarter  of  section  twent)  -eight. 
riu'ht  west  of  us.  Asa  ('rocket  built  the  first  barn  on  that  farm. 

Cal.  Williams  lived  north  of  us.  on  the  place  where  old  father  Schuander 
lived  and  died,  on  the  Morrison  road,  in  section  twenty-two.  He  \\as  an  old 
bachelor,  had  a  do^  and  cat.  and  all  three  took  their  meals  together. 

.JoM'ph  I  lerrin's  fat  her  and  mother,  witli  their  families,  came  in  ]siy,;  the 
children  were  all  single  then,  except  Mrs.  Hines:  the  rest  were  married 
here. 

When  the  llerrin's  folks  came  they  stopped  at  our  house,  and  we  were  so 
crowded  some  had  to  sleep  in  wagons. 

M\  parents  had  twenty-one  children  altogether,  of  whom  sixteen  were 
then  living.  I  am  the  youngest  of  the  family. 

Mrs.  Rachael  Frees  was  also  married.  She  was  a  sisterof  the  Herrin  boys 
also. 

Thomas  Yanatta  came  two  years  after  and  settled  where  some  of  his 
daughters  are  still  living.  Peter  Schuk  lived  th»  re  once. 

The  first  school  house  was  built  on  the  Bradley  place,  and  Jonas  I )oan 
tauirht  it.  Another  log  school  house  was  put  up  northof  the  road  and  oppo- 
>ite  the  church  on  Rocks  creek. 

HiiLch  Welsh  settled  on  the  Richardson  farm  and  lived  there  when  we 
came.  Kinisides  \\  ere  al>o  here  before  us  and  lived  on  sect  ion  twenty-eight. 

We  had  to  LJO  clear  to  Columbus  for  lloiir.  and  cut  our wav  through  the 
wood>.  We  li\ei|  on  milk  and  potatoes  for  a  .n'ood  while  until  we  could  do 
better.  I  iiM-d  to  plough  \\ith  a  wooden  mold-board  and  wore  buckskin 
pantaloons. 


ned  to  Susannah  M.  Kiei^e,  who  was  .1  sister  of  the  father  »!  |«»hn 
I'ic^e,  of  Tittm.  (  )hio.  They  moved  to  this  county  and  arr;\ed  in 
Tittin  on  tlu-  jSth  >l  April,  i  \M  -i:i'l  settled  on  the  northwest  o'l.irter 
of  set  lion  tit  tern,  in  <  "union.  u  hei  e  tin-  son.  I  tennis,  still  |>\ o. 

Mi     Hulls  was  .1  ho: it   n\  e  U-ct.    ele\  en    UK  lies    h:^h.  straight  and  inn-, 
(  ular.  but  not  tleshy;    he  li.nl  dark  bmun    h.ur,    i  lar^e.  dark  rye.  l>!.i<  k, 
bnshv    eyebrows    and    a    verv  expressive    countenance.       Mr    spoke  slow 
and  |iositi\c.  ami  while    his  <  oiiviTsatioii    was    |>!e.isant    and    agreeable, 
he  ne\  ertheless  <  arried  an    air    ot    personal    dignity  aliont  h;m  that  <  or 
responded  well  with  the  general  respe(  t    he    eti|o\ed  ;n  the  <  onuininity. 
1  !c  died   1  >ci  ember  jiS,    i  S5(;. 

ri  i  i  K     M  vk-sH 

\\ '.is  aUo  a  C'linton  townslnji  iiioneer.  He  settled  in  the  northwest 
•  I'uirter  of  sertion  twenty  seven,  about  the  time  the  M<  I, wen  family 
<  ame  here.  He  was  then  a  voiin^  man  but  rec  entl\  married.  He. 
his  wile  and  his  wile's  sister,  who  came  w.tli  them,  ueic  ail  three  ex 
(client  singers.  They  all  belonged  to  the  l'resb\  teriati  (h'irch.  and 
\\ere  ver\  ni<  e.  kind  and  ipiiet  people.  Mr.  Mar>li  USIM!  to  te.n  h  sin^ 
iii'4  si  hooi  and  soon  became  verv  popular  in  the  nei^hlmriiood.  lie 
st  irted  a  >abbat h  s<  hool  and  a  pra\  er  meet  in^  in  t  lu-  \  : i  ;ti,;\  and  took 
a  uri.U  interest  in  <  hnrch  atlaifs  ^eiieralls .  NN'lu-n  tlie  firs!  raiiroad 
from  Sandusk\.  b\  \\a\  ot  Kep'ibla.  was  b«-in^  b'nil.he  took  a  job  of 
_radin^  a  mile.  iiKiudin.u  the  till  o\er  Willow  (reek.  1  he  (  oinpan\ 
tailed  in  makin.;  pa\meiit  as  it  was  agreed,  and  Mr.  Marsh  broke  ;ip. 
losing  nearl\  all  he  had.  lie  let:  and  io<  ated  in  Keiiton.  (  >hio.  uhere 
he  re<  uperated  to  some  extent,  and  where  he  and  his  wile  both  died. 

(  (  1 1 .  t  i  M  I     l:\II. 

\fter  whom  the    tort    and    Spencer's    town    were    named,  was   present  at 
the  Lirc.it    \\'lii^  celebration,  at     1-ort     Me:^s.    in    iS.jo.  where    a  triend  ot 
mine  saw  him  for    the    last    time.       lie     was    si\    (eel    h:^h.    well    propor 
tiotu-d     his    hair    was    ^ras     and     bnsh\  ;    lie    had     a     llorid     complexion 
and    wore   side    whiskers;     he    had    ^ra\     eyes,     thin    lips.    hea\  y    taw.    a 
load.    <  iear    voice,    talked    sih.ihirly    and  lived    with  his  fatnilv  in   Rich 
l^nd  i  onnty  a!   thai    time.       He    was    a    pouertul    man    and    \\alked  \er\ 
t-rei  t,       I'.etoie  his  hair  turned  u;ra\    it   \\as  o|    auburn  <  o!or.       His  entire 
make   ap  exhibited   _;!eat   Ion  e  ol   <  har.K  ler  and  eiier_;\. 

('liii'on  io\siish;p  has  an  c-x<  ellcnt  markel.  is  well  \\  atei  ed.  enjo\  s 
the  pri\  i  le^'es  it  'he  (  1 1  \  ot  I  i  ttin  \\  i '  h  hei  s.  hooi  s  and  otherwise.  \\  )i  ile 
the  land  is  in  a  hi^li  state  ot  .  ult;\a!ioii  and  vr\  valuable.  Splendid 
tarm  houses  in  all  dirc<  lions  . ndu  ate  l he  general  |  >i  o,pei  :t  \  ot  tlie  people 


S24 


HISTORY    OK    SKNK.CA    COUNTY. 


As  already  mentioned,  the  township  was  organi/.ed  in  June,  1820,  and 
the  first  election  was  held  on  the  151!)  of  June,  1822.  The  population 
of  Clinton,  including  Tiffin  in  1X40,  was  J.K)^  ;  in  1X50  it  was  4,330;  in 

i  S()o  it  was  0.041 :  it  increased  to  7.174  in  i  ^70,  and  in  i  ,SSo  it  is  1,701. 
Tiffin,  in  iSSo.  has  7,882  inhabitants,  which,  added  to  the  township, 
makes  9.5X3. 

Tiffin  proper,  in  1840,  had  7X8  souls:  in  1850,  2,718;  in  1800,  3.992 
and  in  1870,  5,048. 

IOH\   IIITTO 

U'as  one  of  the  early  settlers  of  Clinton.  lie  came  in  1822,  and  set- 
tled in  section  thirty-one,  where  he  owned  eighty  acres,  and  he  also 
owned  another  eighty  in  Kden.  These  lands  lie  entered  at  the  Dela- 
ware land  office,  anil  immediately  thereafter  built  his  cabin  in  the 
woods.  lie  was  a  small  man,  less  than  medium  si/.e.  and  compactly 
built.  He  was  very  industrious  and  honest,  a  good  hunter  and  inter- 
esting talker.  lie  verified  his  hunting  stories  by  his  singular  habitual 
expression  of  "  bei  der  liebens."  There  was  no  meaning  to  it,  but  it 
was  intended  to  fix  the  story  beyond  all  question  of  doubt.  lie  spoke 
(ierman  mostly. 

Mr.  Ditto  was  born  in  Northumberland  county,  Pennsylvania, 
October  14.  1785.  Me  told  the  writer  that  he  voted  at  the  first  elec- 
tion in  Seneca  county:  he  lived  and  died  a  Democrat.  His  wife's 
name  is  Kli/abeth,  who  is  the  daughter  of  Louis  Kckhart.  She  was 
born  June  13,  1795.  and  is  still  living,  enjoying  good  health,  on  the  old 
homestead,  near  the  Mohawk  road.  They  had  eleven  children,  of 
whom  two  are  still  living,  vi/:  Mrs.  Dtiliois  and  Mrs.  Henrv  Sheets. 


CHAPTER  XXX  III. 

KULN    TOWNSHIP. 
I.      1,     N.     K.      15     ). 

Tl  1 1  >  township  was  or^ani/cd  in  iN2i.  a-  already  stated,  am!  the 
election  Dt  its  first  otticcrs  was  aUo  mentioned.  \\hcn  Mi. 
Huttcrficid  says  that  it  was  s<»  named  tor  its  remarkaMe  fertility  "i 
soil,  it  is  strange  that  the  early  records  spell  the  word  "Katun."  The 
:<  >\\  iiship  •>(•!!!(•(!  up  rapiiily  att-rr  tin-  t";rst  si-nliTs  hail  1m  ati-il.  and  there 
are  manv  Ljnml  rea^nn^  lor  it.  'The  pioneer  >ettler>  were  iiitelli^eii! 
an«i  u'""'i  men.  Such  alwa\s  make  ^cnnl  lU'i^hhui's.  Ib.e  ^«\]  ua^ 
ru  h,  the  tini'ier  excellent,  and  the  inie  water  ]>ri\  ih-^t-s  ofo'nl  lloney 
<  reek  ;n\it;iu.  I  lie  ]-n  ixunity  ID  the  cci'in:\  seat  and  inan\  other 
th  :ii_;-.  i  ml  in  ed  selei  lions  of  homes  aionjj  this  stream. 

In  i  -o.}  i:  wa-  tlie  ii IDS]  populous  towiislr.p  in  the  i  onn'y.  In  i  ^  ;c  it 
hail  MIJ  inhal):  tants;  in  iS.j'j.  i..)7i;  in  lS"j.  i'i;i.  and  in  iS.so,  i.;i).S. 

\\    '.!:  im     lice;     i>    perlia;.-    the    largest    land    owner    ,n    the  t<  >\\  iisl-,!].. 

Samuel   I'aker.  lohn   1  ..   l'nwn\.   lohn  Seit/.  Samuel   llerrin,  A.   V   Arm- 

:..   I. .1.  \\;iu.    C.    \.    I'.run.la^.-.    \!>r.   l',r.>wn.   11.   II    >.  ho.  h's  heirs. 

lied.    \\«\<  k.  (  'haries  Meeker,  the   Klais'.    >     M.    linden.     He/.    Searl.-s, 

l.ileii    I  e  i-e  and,  oihefs  are  amoiiL;  the  most  sui  eesMul  larnieis. 

\\here  the  Kiilioiim  road  (  rosses  lloney  creek,  ( 'oloiiel  K;ll>ourn  in 
i  -  -'4  surveyed  and  plat  ted  a  town  he  i  ailed  M  el  more,  a!  read  \  des(  rihed 
and  -unj.  ('.ise  I!ro\vn  was  the  pnmipal  proprietor.  |ohn('.  |ones 
eiei  ted  the  lirst  dwelling  hoii-e  nil  the  plat.  He  died  here  in  iSjS. 
I  liii  k  ie\  H  MM  lulls,  who  I  inured  \  cry  largely  as  a  man  ot  business,  \\  a< 
th''  firs-  postmaster.  In  iS^,  Us  population  was  i  ;:  .  m  iSS-.  ;t  i>  per- 
h.i]>s  I,--,-,  •  h.in  j  ^  j. 

1'he  names  ,,|  man\  rem.irk.iMe  personages  are  nleiitilled  with  this 
to\\  n>hi]i.  The  KuHerf.eld  !am:l\  used  to  li\  r  here.  <  >ne  of  the  sons 
is  tile  ce'ei  >:  ated  historian,  (  'oiisii!  \\  .  !  '.ut  te:  field.  <  »ne  .  .1  the  daughters 
i,  the  present  Mis.  ll\ar  iiithc.  ..:  I'ai.s.  whose  h.usli.uid  is  a  ('atholic 
pries!  i>!  ^reat  d. :  ^tim  t : on.  and  \\  h •  <.  \\  h  i  ie  he  was  priest  at  N  o;  i •<  [  i.ime. 


5^6  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

preached  and  wrote  against  celibacy  of  the  priesthood,  and  to  prove  the 
sincerity  of  his  teachings,  married  a  sister  of  Consul  W.  Butterfield. 
She  was  then  in  Paris,  a  correspondent  of  the  J\Y<v  York  Herald  and 
Madam  Demorest's  papers,  and  noted  for  her  great  intelligence,  grace- 
fulness and  beauty.  Mr.  Anson  Burlingame,  who  has  become  so  dis- 
tinguished in  his  mission  in  China,  used  to  teach  school  in  Kden  town- 
ship. Ceneral  Cibson  was  raised  on  the  banks  of  old  Honey  creek,  in 
Kden.  and  while  he  speaks  in  glowing  colors  of  her  pioneer  settlers, 
there  is  always  a  moisture  observable  in  the  southwest  corner  of  his  eye. 

There  never  was  another  such  man  as  Philip  |.  Price,  and  if  room 
would  permit,  a  description  of  him  would  fit  here.  Kden  had  a  number 
of  local  characters  of  mark.  Dr.  Selden  Craves  was  a  most  remarkable 
man  in  every  way.  He  was  stern  in  his  bearing,  honorable  in  his  deal- 
ings, a  good  physician,  an  excellent  neighbor;  a  man  of  clear  judgment 
and  of  wonderful  endurance.  In  every  walk  of  life  he  was  respected 
and  esteemed. 

On  the  1 6th  day  of  July,  1836.  (Saturday.)  the  M.  K.  church  was 
raised  in  Melmore,  and  Amroy  Butterfield,  assisting  as  one  of  the  hands, 
was  killed  by  the  falling  of  a  piece  of  timber.  He  was  then  father  of 
eight  children.  Consul  W.  and  Mrs.  Hyacinthe  among  the  number. 

John  Cibson's  was  the  first  barn  that  was  raised  in  the  county,  and 
Thomas  Baker  introduced  the  first  Merino  sheep  into  Seneca,  from 
Steuben  county.  Xew  York. 

Melmore  was  quite  a  trading  post  at  one  time,  and  its  citi/ens  were 
possessed  of  a  spirit  of  enterprise  that  would  have  been  a  credit  to  any 
town.  When  the  question  of  the  Mad  River  and  Lake  Krie  railroad 
was  being  agitated,  great  efforts  were  made  to  have  the  line  from  Re- 
public through  Melmore.  by  way  of  I'pper  Sandusky.  to  Springfield. 
and  when  that  tailed,  Melmore  determined  to  have  a  railroad  for  its  own 
use.  and  to  run  a  line  from  Melmore  to  Republic,  and  to  intersect  the 
Mad  River  road  there.  Meetings  were  held  in  Melmore,  Republic  and 
Tiffin:  a  temporary  line  was  surveyed  between  the  two  places;  com- 
mittees were  appointed,  and  books  opened  for  the  subscription  of  stock. 

The  names  attached  to  the  following  notice  will  revive  early  recol- 
lectiuns  ami  help  to  pre>erve  memories  of  those  days.  This  notice  was 
publi-hcd  in  the  Tij'rin  (^r^'ttr  of  May  301)1.  1856,  and  long  before  a 
raiir  <  >,«\  rea;  lied  R  epublic  : 

MKLMnitK  AND  KKprnur  KAILUOAD. 

Nut  iee  is  lii-n-l>>    uriveii   that    the   liooks  of  t  he  Meliuoiv  ami  lifpulilir  rail- 

i-ir.nl  roni|>a:i\   will  I pi'in'il   lor  tin-  >ulis'-ri|it  ion   of  the  stock  of  saiil  eom- 

].ai.\  .  a  I  tin1  !n  "!-'•  of  .lacol.   I  Ju-^k  irk.   in    MI  •!  more,  ami  at  1  he  IIOIIM-  of   Mr. 


KDKN     ll>\V  SSH1J'.  5^7 

Miller,  in  Republic,  and  at  tin-  house  of  <  '.il\  in  Bradlf\ .  in  Titlin.  <>n  tin-  Uh 
day  of  July  next,  and  will  !>••  kept  open  for  live  da\sin  succession,  from  lo 
o'clock  A.  M.  until  ~2  o'clock  1'.  M. 

Muekley  llutchins.  Thomas  J.  Haker.  Timoih)   1'.  Kolwrts. 

1'.  .1.  Price.  William   1'attcrson.  Samuel  Wagoner. 

Ca.se  Brown.  Isaac. I.  liaises,  ('ah  in  Bradley. 

Mic.tLcah   Heaton.  William  ( 'ornell.  1  lamilti'ii  Mc( 'ollist«-r. 

Seldeii  Ciia\  e>. 
Ma>  Minh.  Kin. 

'I'hc  road  was  never  built,  liei  atise  the  M»<  k  was  not  taken  very  last, 
hut  sonic  of  the---  gentlemen  entered  into  the  enterprise  with  :;reat 
energy. 

The  old  pioneers  had  their    weaknesses    also,  ami    were  nut  angels    at 
.ill        <  Md  Adam  wa>  still  alive  in  some  of  them      a-,  now   .  ami  re  ^cner 
ation  ha«l  not  be<  omc  universal. 

Hamilton  M<  (  'ollister  was  a  jiistii  c  ot  the  peace  in  Kden,  ami  his 
neighbor,  Mathew  ('lark,  not  havini;  the  lear  ot  lioil  hetore  his  eyes, 
one  Sumlav  morniiiL;  looked  tor  his  ho^s,  that  i,'ot  away  Iroin  him  the 
day  l>etore  I  IK  le  Mathcw's  do^s  followed  him,  and 'Squire  Mct'oilis- 
ter  saw  ('lark  driving  the  ho^s  home.  This  act  was  a  (lear  <  ase  ot' 
Sabbath  breaking  in  the  mind  ot  the  court,  and  on  the  next  mornitii,'  the 
'Squire  sent  the  constable  and  had  uncle  Mathew  arrested.  It  was  a 
clear  case;  the  court  saw  it  himself,  and  Mr.  Clark  was  tilled.  The 
officers  ot  the  l.iw  taxed  no  costs.  The  insulted  law  was  vindicated, 
and  that  \\as  enough.  This  was  on  the  i^th  day  ot  November,  '^-'7. 
Hut  uncle  Mathew  felt  a^rievcd  for  bem^  arrested,  and  old  Adam  o>t 
up  tu  law  heat  in  him.  so  he  ^oes  to  Tiffin  lor  redress,  and  1  >n  kmson 
\-  Kawson  filed  a  de<  laration  against  Mi  ( 'ollister  tor  <_;,:,GO  damages 
lor  !al-c  i mpi  isoiimi  nt . 

The  '>i|uire  employed  J)avid  lli^^iiis  to  defend  him.  and  wlien  the 
(  ase  wa-  nnalh"  tried  to  a  iur\  .  they  ^a\  e  the  plaint  i II  a  \crdii  t  ot  S  j  i  .50. 
At  the  Hex:  trial  the  jury  could  not  a^ree.  The  (  a-c  a!  last  \\.is  taken 
Up  to  tile  supreme  (  oiirt,  wllcre  1T  was  d;x  olltiliued. 

The  K'-\.  |oseph  l'.e\ei  k,!i'!i\  j>resi-nt<-d  to  the  \\r.ter  .1  statement  of 
his  calls  r  e  i  o  i  i  r  • .  ;  i . .  n  s  <>i  1  .  d  e  n .  as  '  o  1  i  i  >  \\  > : 

I    alll    a   s, t    I'rti   I       l'n'\  el  .   rilie    "I    a    f.lllllh    n!    I  111!  let  "li   (   III  Mir  11  :    \\  as   linn  I 

in  V  i!  _':nia  in  1  -  1  -,.  M>  lalln-i  mo\  rd  from  \'  :i  ^'inia  to  llr.-  ,  mint >  in  ihf 
fall  "I  I -•-!•:.  .11,.!  >.-ttl«-d  on  tin  Lank-  nt  Hmi.-\  ,n,-k.  T!,.-  |. ;,-).,•,;.  ,,f 
•  i  pi  •  n :  1 1  L'  a  I  a  nn  .  1 1 1  >  I  making  a  1 1  \  1 1 1  u  !  1 1  •  n  •  :  n  t !  i :  -  !  ••  i  •  - !  1  •  •  i  s, ,  !  a :  u'i  •  •  i  f .  i  m  i !  \  . 
\\  *  •  1 1  •  i  *  •  1  \  i  i  .  1 1  a  1 1 1  •  i  1 1 1  u  .  l.ii  •>  i  •  ii '  • .  •  a  e  i  >  ii  1 1 1  p>  .  1 1  tliat  t ;  1 1  p  •  \\ .  t  s  1 1 .  a  i  h  .  1 1 ,  mi- 
In  i  i.''!i  u  iM-  :  i  I  i  had  ni-llln-i  I  <  M.  I  -.  i  •;  ;•  I  ji  -  m  ,:'••,•  •  >.  ,  .1  .iir.  o!  i  n-r 

.id1,  an'  -i^--.      I  '•  :  -•  -iis    \\  I  in    n.  , .  i     ^au     ;  his      ..,;.:••.    .,  -.:...  .'^,  .!;•;•  -.    ^,  \ ,.], 
;••••    •  auimi   ;ma-:M-    l-.u     d-  i,-     ;!,,     ]..•.,;     u.i  ::     -    in,.!...  i ..  ,;  ,1, 


528  HISTORY    OK    SENECA     COUNTY. 

that  met  th<>  eye  on  every  side.  If  you  can  imagine  a  little  spot  of  about  an 
acre,  cleared  olf.  and  a  log  cabin  standing  in  the  middle,  and  all  around  you 
an  unbroken  forest,  with  underbrush  and  vegetation  so  dense  that  you  could 
not  see  ten  feet  ahead,  especially  in  the  bottoms  then  you  can  form  some 
idea  of  the  wilds  of  Seneca  county  in  lsii>. 

We  settled  about  live  and  a  half  miles  south  of  Tillin.  and  about  three 
miles  northwest  of  Melmore.  Doth  towns  were  very  small  villages,  then 
built  of  log  cabins.  We  had  no  neighbors  nearer  than  Melmore  and  Titlin, 
except  .Jacob  Price,  who  lived  about  one  mile  south  of  us,  and  Iluel  Loomis, 
\\  ho  lived  about  the  same  distance  northeast  of  us.  on  school  section  sixteen. 

About  half  wa>  between  ii*  and  Tillin  was  the  village  of  Mohawk  Indians, 
who  were  quite  friendly,  and  visited  us  very  frequently.  Indeed,  they  be- 
came quite  troublesome  after  we  had  lived  here  a  few  years,  for  they  made 
their  friendship  a  source  of  annoyance  by  their  constant  and  persistent  beg- 
ging. The\  wanted  white  bread  every  time  they  came,  and  that  was  very 
often.  Sometimes  whole  squads  came,  together  with  their  guns,  bows  and 
arrows,  then  women  and  children,  and  wanted  white  bread  for  all  of  them. 
At  begging  the  Indian  seems  to  have  no  conscience  for  either  frequency  or 
quantity. 

The  second  \  ear  after  we  came  here  we  cleared  a  Held  of  1  tot  torn  land  about 
half  a  mile  down  t  lie  creek  from  our  house.  1  Jet  ween  this  lie]  d  and  our  house 
was  yen  thick  woods,  and  as  I  was  going  to  the  bottom  Held  one  day  alone. 
I  e>pied  an  Indian  coming  around  a  little  curve  in  the  path,  and  supposing 
he  had  not  dix-overed  me.  and  I  being  a  little  timid  lad  of  about  eleven 
years,  my  first  thought  was  to  get  out  of  his  way.  so  I  stepped  to  one  side 
and  laid  down  behind  a  large  oak  log.  expecting  the  Indian  to  pass  by  with- 
out noticini:'  me.  IJut  the  first  thing  I  knew  lie  looked  over  the  log  and  ex- 
claimed '•  Cooh  '."  and  laughed  heartily.  I  was  deeply  mo rti lied,  but  my  fear 
was  all  gone. 

A  few  da\s  after  this  one  of  the>e  Indians.  Isaac  Brandt  by  name,  came 
to  our  house  with  two  little  axes  he  had  made  by  a  blacksmith  in  Melmore 
forhKtwoho\s  he  said  and  a>ked  me  to  turn  the  grindstone  for  him  to 
uTind  the  little  axes.  I  had  turned  grindstone  before  to  sharpen  axes  forged 
out  h\  blacksmiths,  and  as  they  were  all  very  thick  at  the  edge.  I  did  not 
crave  the  job.  I  made  all  soils  of  excuses,  and  told  him  that  my  father 
would  whip  me  for  leaving  my  work  and  turn  the  grindstone  for  him  a  half 
da\ .  and  all  that.  Urandt  replied:  "Tell  fodder  Indian  here  :  grind  axe  ; 
hail  to  shove."  So  I  turned  for  him  until  he  was  done.  In  the  meantime 
lie  tried  to  teach  me  Indian,  but  I  concluded  that  it  cost  more  than  it  come 
to.  IJut  to  present  me  with  some  compensation  when  the  grinding  was  done 
he  took  in)  hand  and  shook  it  very  heartily,  thanking  me  for  the  service. 

At  that  time  it  was  an  easy  matter  to  raise  grain  and  vegetables  where  the 
land  wa>  clear,  but  the  great  trouble  was  to  save  them.  Squirrels,  chip- 
monks  and  other  vermin  were  soahiindant  that  they  would  devour  a  Held  of 
corn  almost  entirely,  being  surrounded  by  thick  woods  and  weeds.  We  used 
to  have  dead-falU  for  every  fence  corner,  and  some  one  of  the  family  had  to 
go  around  t  he  Held  with  a  gun  nearly  all  the  time  at  certain  seasons.  I  re- 
memliei-  veil  that  during  the  warm  weather,  such  was  the  stench  from  the 
carcas>e-,  of  dead  vermin,  that  it  became  nearlv  unbearable. 


I  ;  aim-  u.i--  plt-iil  >  in  tlm-i-  ila\  ^.  a  1  1'  I   u  In-n   iur.it  v\  ,i»   u  ant.-tl  it  \\.i-»  i-a-i!\ 
|  TIM-  i  u  ril  li\  killing  -<i>iiir  i  l«-»r.  t  m  k.->  .  m  "Ili'-i  -.1  in'-.      1  1  "in-  \  <  i  i-.-k  au>l  I  IM- 

Xiiii|ii--k\     ii\i-r    u.-iv    I'-rnnn-    \\illi    li-^h.    ~"ini-  "I  lln-in    <>!  '  i-m  >i  ninii^  >i/r. 

\\   It-   I!    \\c    \\.llllf'l    li-^ll.    Ur    t""k    "111     pull--.  all'l    Illli'--    t"   --"ilir  f|i|\     ill    till'  '  Tl'i-k 

t>l   t  !  \  •  !   aii'I    i;uii;li!     fik.|i    I'i'liiiiil    ^"ini-    lnn:li|i-r    »\     |i>^  .  \\  lit-ic  I  Iir\   •»  <  int-d 

I  (II  ill-    t.Illlf.        I    !  i-i-p|  IIL.'      II  |>      !"      I  111  -!|  |     .  juifl  l\  .    \\  I'   '  '!  i'-ll   i-.ill^ht    t  Ill-Ill    \\  It  It    t  III- 
hiiliil.       Ill   tin-   Ultli'T     \\ln-li     tin-     i>-i-     \\,i>   thirk   i-IH'iii;li    In   lie.  ||    ,i   )H-I-MI|I.    \\f 

in!  h»lr^  111  tin-  i'-i-  ;i!nl    i  .ni^'lil    iiii-iii    \\Mli    ^n.iri'^   ni.i'l<-  nl  hni^i-  li.ui  .  ti<->l 

I"  ;t    •>«•(.  -k.        'I'll.-    !..••].    \\.l-    P.I---I  -.1    ii\l-|     Ilir    InM'l    ,  lli'l      '  .Ill-Ill    ll-t   III    li.-lilll'l    III.' 


••  urn-  ii"!  ;u  1  1  1.  1\  i-i    \\  ;t  1  1  r.i  .  >-n«'ii-  ;:h:iii.iN.  <  \-  •  \>l  \\«'.\<  -. 

c\  i  :  ,  \\  c!  i-  .pi  ;i  i-  iiuiiii  ;  "ii  >  l"i  .1  I'  \\  \  •  '.i  :  •*.  ^»tn-  '  iiu.--  I  h-  \  u  ".ihl  i  nil  <  >\\i 
-t"i  k  in!"  1  In  1..  tins.  ii.  I  at!i  r  niu'li!.  ami  ahii->\  i  In-in  unl  i!  I  In-  ii«'_'->  m.nli1 
t  In  II  apl'i  al  a  !!ci'.  \\  l,i  ii  1  !,-•  v  \\  "ii!  i  -.i-aln|n-l'. 

M\hi"th"-i  *iii!niii"U  i-  -.till  lisinu  "ii  an  i-iulit>  ii'T'1  1"!  "!'  lal  IH-I  '^  "i-l 
la!  in  .  a  1  1'  I  !ia>  !i\  >•  i  ii"\\  h'  i  r  <•'.  •-:•  ••iin--'  \\  '•  ill  -M  •»•';!>•'  I  in  1  1  1  :•»  ••"iinl  x  .  I  '<•!  - 
!ia)>-.  \  "ii  i  anti»t  iiii<l  aii"I  IH-I  HI.IM  in  ^i-n.-ca  n  >iin;  \  \\  In  i  ha>  i  i  \  '••!  "ii  "in- 
I,  nil1  ;iII\-^<  \i-u  \.-.ir-.  \\  i  ^iil!i-ii'i  a  jiiMi  man'.  |>!  i\  at  i"M->  aii'i  ill'  "M- 

\  i  •Iiir||i-'1>   lii.ll      "HI      |u-iiji|-'     li"\\      '•  Hill"!      il|'j'l  i'''!   l!  '-.        \\'f     ll  l'l     In'   I'M'!-,    ll" 

liiaik.-t^.  !i"  '-'ni!  'in---,  ii"  -~'-liii"!>.  aii'l  ii"!  iiiii'-h  -->M  i.  i\.  \Vi-  in-i-i\i-i|  a 
'-.<,',.  nut  a  '."-./.  i-"i!i-ur  i-.liii-ati.in.  .)  l',i:\  I.1J. 


/'         1 


Til-    I- 


'•;i    ;!:•-   :.'  •;  1 1  ul;  i  iii".  MI 
!!"il    \  an    M'-i'T  .  a  In  I'll 
-hii "  i   \\  1 1  !--|i     ! "  :  nu  '  .1 1% 

t"   hilll   Ml    I  ll  !  -   ri  HI  ill  \  .   f 


.in   \'  !  •-!  .  \\  a->  --:  "'i  i. 

•  \  •  -a;  >.    at     I  •  1  ••'  n!'!  lai  . 

•  I    \  1 1  _• .  i . .  a  . 

n'l-li!."!!,""  I.    da\  in-    I. 
1    a  —  •  Mil.!'  •!    "M    tii.i!  .|.i 


5V>  HISTORY    OF    SKXKCA    COUNTY. 

some  brands.  .John,  or  ,Ioliini> .  as  lie  was  called  by  the  family. accompanied 
tin-in,  while  the  father  went  to  the  fort,  and  the  mother  and  sister  remained 
at  home. 

The  ho\s  had  hut  just  got  at  their  work,  when  a  party  of  Indians  came 
upon  them.  The  two  older  ones  made  their  escape.  Irtit  .Johnny  was  taken. 
The  1'i'ii  -in-;  thru  ueiit  to  the  house  of  Van  Mat  re.  and  set  it  on  lire,  having 
!ir>t  killed  his  wife  and  daughter.  Then  the\  tied  to  the  wilderiess.  carry- 
in. <r  \\  it  h  them  their  captive  hoy. 

Hebrew  up  and  always  lived  among  the  Indians,  and  partook  of  their 
manner-,  habits,  dress,  etc..  etc.  lie  forgot  entirely  his  native  tongue, 
though  he  learned  it  again  Itefore  he  died,  lie  always  remembered,  how- 
ever, that  his  name  was  .Johnny  Van  Meter. 

I  n  after  lil'e  he  was  induced  to  visit  some  of  his  relatives,  but  utterly  re- 
fused In  remain  with  them,  preferring,  as  he  said,  the  innocent,  unrestrained 
indulgences  of  the  Indian's  life,  to  the  arbitrary  restraints  of  civili/.ed 
socieU . 

lie  married  an  Indian  woman.  b\  \\hom  he  had  one  child  only  a  son, 
whom  he  called  John.  His  wife's  name  was  Susan  Brandt,  a  name  well- 
known  in  the  state  of  New  York,  and  in  the  histor\  of  that  state,  and  a  rel- 
ative of  the  celebrated  .Joseph  Brandt,  who.  in  17>7.  completed  the  transla- 
tion of  St.  Mark  and  other  portions  of  the  scriptures  and  the  book  of 
common  pra\er.  into  the  Mohawk  language. 

The  Moha\\  ks  were  originally  a  powerful  1  rihe  of  I  ndians.  inhabit  ing  the 
coiinin  from  the  northwestern  part  of  Pennsylvania,  north  through  New 
York  into  <  'ana. la.  Their  true  name  was  the  Bears.  Mohav.  k  being  but  a 
corrupt  ii  'ii  of  t  heir  name  for  Bear. 

The  Brandt  I'aniilx  was  the  royal  one  of  the  Mohawk  nation :  the  chiefs 
al\\  a\  s  coming  from  that  family,  either  by  descent  or  elect  ion.  probably  the 
lattt  r. 

There  is  a  likeness  of  one  of  these  Brandts,  an  Indian  chieftain,  and  it  is 
the  nol i|e>t  head  I  ever  saw. 

The  Moha\\k  nation  uTadually  wasted  awa\.  and  linalh  emigrated  west, 
of  at  least  l  he  (•• -i itra  1  poll  ion  of  it .  and  lit  last  settled  down  in  this  county, 
and  wit  bin  t  \\  o  and  one-half  miles  of  \\  here  Ti  I)  in  now  stands. 

<  >n  the  j  ith  of  April.  M7.  a  treal>  was  held  at  the  foot  of  the  rapids  of 
the  Miami  of  l/ik.-  Krie.  near  l'err\  .-burg.  Wood  county.  <  Mdo.  between 
Lewis  ( 'ass  and  Duncan  Me  Arthur,  commissioner  of  the  I' nit ed  States,  of 
the  one  part,  and  the  sachems,  chiefs  and  \\arrioix  of  \\hat  was  then  called 
the  \V\andot.  Seneca,  I>ela\\are.  Shawnees.  1'otawatomie.  Ottawa  and 
( 'hip|ia\\  a  t  ribes  of  I  ndians.  wh(-n  all  their  lands  wit  bin  the  limits  of  ( )hio 
\\  ere  ci  d--d  to  the  I'  idled  states  forever. 

\o\\  at  the  above  treat>  there  was  not  in  fact  a  Seneca  Indian  present. 
In-lead  of  the  Seneca  it  \\  a  s  the  Mohauk  triheof  Indians  that  participated 
wil  h  the  other  1  ri  bes  in  that  t  real  \ .  or  at  least  the  remnant  and  head  port  ion 
of  the  trib,-. 

At  I  his  trea'i\  t  here  \\  as  reserved  h\    the  I' idled  States  : 

"  To  .John  Van  Meter.  \\  ho  u  as  taken  prisoner  b\  t  he  \V\  am  lots,  and  who 
lias  ever  since  ii\  ed  a  ii  ion --st  them,  and  has  married  a  Seneca  woman,  and  to 
hi-  wife  and  three  brothers.  Seiiecas.  \\ho  now  reside  on  Honev  Creekr  one 


I   1-1    N     I  i  )  \VNsll  1 1'.  5.>  I 

tlimiximl  ;u  •!•»•>  of  1. 1 1  nl.  IM  lir^'in  inn  lli  l.'i  ilf^'i'i-t  s  wi->i .  1  |n  |  M>lt  •>.  tl  if  i  in-  ami 
I'n nn  tin-  U'tfinnini;.  t-aM  I  "i  i  plant  it\ ." 

Thi-  .l"hu  Van  M>-ti-i  ua-  .l"lmn\.  tin-  ra|-li\f  l>"\.  ami  thi^  XCIUM a 
\\OIUHI  \\hmn  In-  li.i'l  minn-'l  ua-  lln'  la-t  1't-iiialr.  ami  tin--'-  IHT  tlirt-t- 
1 1  m  t  IHT.  ^"m-'-a-.  urn-  I  In-  !a-l  male-  «\  I  lia!  urn-at.  noldr.  tin  i>t  iaii  ami  n>>al 
familv  "I"  Ufa  i  nil.  tin-  ruler  m'  the  \l»h.iu  h  in;  i««n  «\  I  mlian-. 

Tli'-\  \\riv  i-oii>">|ii'-!it  i\.  M"hi\sh-.  ii>'l  S.-m-i-a-v  Tin-  naiiif-  "!  lln->f 
I  hiri-  himh'T-;  \\a-  Thmna-.  l-a.i"  ami  I '.uiln-  I  Ii  amll .  Thmna--  \va>  the 

cllirf  .if  111'-   mil". 

Th--  irili  •  i-mit  in.if'l  ID  iv-i'h-  ii|"Mi  tin-  ali"\i-  !f-iT\atimi  unlil  in  I-O1. 
u  h  t  •  1 1  i  h  ••  \  ; "  i  1 1  > '  1  o ;  1 1 1  •  r  1  m  i  i  a  n  -  am!  i  •  • !  i  lip-  <  •  <  >  1 1 1 1 1 : '. .  Tin-  i  <  i  a  <  •  <  •  <'\  1  "<  a !  i  t  \ 
_'.>  •%  t>i  ||n>  >la\  1>>  lln-  n. mi"  "I  M"ha-Ak.m  M»hau  h'»\v  ii.  ll  i-  liotfil  mi 
tin-  tnap  a--  "  Van  M«  '  >'!'  1I> -'  !  \  i-." 

A  i  I  In-  I  nil--  l!i--  M"ha\\  k  !  i  :!»•  l.-l't  In-n-.  a-  al".\r  m.-nl  i"m-'l.    il  ili-ln't   i-\ 
i-i-i-il  jii  -niial'l  v   I  s\  i  nt\    ii\i-  t'aiuilii-^. 

.|.«hn  \'an  M'-ti-!  li\i-'l.  'In-'l  ait-l  u.i-  Imri'-'l  mi  tin-  rr-i-r\r,  ami  I  am  a-- 
Mip-.l  ilial  "in-  "i  "in  |'h\  ^iri.in--  ha>  hi-  >kr!i-lmi.  lli>  ilralli  \\.i^  -.'iii«- 
\  i  ;il  -  1'i-rmv  hi-  'il  ihr  \\\»\  i-il  \S  f--l  . 

1 1 1-  \\  ;f  a  man  "1  im  >\  <•  t  han  m'>  I :  nan  i!i •••]  -'.•  <<\  <  <l '  i-harai  !••!  .  «\  a  1"  in -\  "it-lit 
•  I  i-|'"Ml  i"ii .  ainl  !rii-nill\  I"  lh"  \\hil'---.  Tiii-  i-minl\  '-mnim-m-fi!  !"  I"- 
-fit  |>-.|  ;i!miu  in  1-17.  1  •>!  ^  am!  M'.'.  Van  M>  I«-r  \\a-  i-"in|'ai  a!  i\  <-!\  \\  >-a:!  h\  . 
"\\  nin-  lari:.-  -i,,,  k- "i'  h"!--">.  ratth-.  i-lr.  'I'hi--'-  rarh  -•  r.  i«  i  -  ha-l  1"  n-l\ 
m  IP -h  n  |  '"ii  hi-  _;.  -it'  Ti»it>  .  a  IP!  i!  \\.i-  m  \  i  r  in  \ain  i  ha!  '.in  \  -mi^lit  i  "In  !' 
at  hi-  1 1  a 1 1 '  I  - . 

II"  i linl.  I'-as  imi  hi-  >u!i  .l"'nn.  ah"\  »•  -ji"krn  "!'.  !ii-  mils  ln-;r.  \  -nil  u  a-> 
a!  i  "i  \\  a  i  "•!>  ' -"ii  in  ii' in  •<•'  I  \'\  -mm-  "T  lln-  "  \  a  n  Mai  i<  ••  '  au'aii.-i  t  i  i  -  -"ii  -I"!  in . 
Jr..  i"  i  > -i-ii  \  IT  h  !-  I  a  I  h"!''-  -!;a>v.  "!!'•  i|iia  I  t'T  "!  tin-  al>"\  r  :  -•  I  \  r  Thi- 
-;ii!  u  a-  ['!  i-'i  i'-al1  . !  n)i'  'ii  tin-  UP  >n  m  I  t  iiat  tin-  -"ii  .I"lm .  .1  r..  v\  a-  i."l  i  hi  ln-ir 
a!  iau  "i  -l"hn  \'an  Mt-ti-r.  \»i'  I  !n-  rra-mM  Iiat  tin-  lalb  ran  I  i:;-  '.-.  il--.  ^n-an. 
\\.-i"  in  •-,  i  i  masiii-'l  ai-i-"i 'lin-4'  i"  lau.  ami  thai  i-mi-i  |m-n!l\  ;!n-  j-'ainlin^. 
\\  "l  •-  i  !;••  II  i  if  h'-ii  -. 

T:i-  -  MI  .lull  n.  .1  ..  |M  -i  >\  i  ••!.  h"\\i-\  i  r.  that  hi-  ia*  li-  t  .:  ,•;  m--:  l..-r  v. .  : ,  :u.n 
ii"'l  :  Mia!  hi-  I'alh'  i  v\i-iit  mil  aii'l  kill'  i|  -"Hi"  \>  ::;-"ii.  am!  iM'-nuhi  ::  in. 
an- !  ii  i  >  !  ii"I  h'-!'  i  M '"'i_:  hi  in  -"im-  i-"i  n  :  ;  ha  I  -!n-  ;  ,<  i:  ij  1 1  •  •  >l  aii'l  i-""k'-'l  i  In- 
-.  i-n:-  n  a1 1- 1  '•»!  n.  ainl  I  in-  I  \\  "  pa:  '  ir-  lh'  n  a!"  it  !"-_;i  tin  r.  in  I  In-  \>\  •  -.  n«  •<  ,>\ 
\\  : ;  1 1 1  -  - .  - .  .  1 1 1 '  I  '  h ,  i ;  ;  1 1  a  t  u  a  -  1 1  "  m  a  i  r  i  a  _:'•  •  r  i  •  1 1  •  m  "  1 1  \  a !  1 1 "  1 1 ::  i  1 1  >•  M  »  h  a  u  k 
In-ii  r:- 

T '..  :•""!  aii'l  \ali-l.  an. I  .l.-h  n  .  .1 1  . .  tin-  !av.  litl  h-: 

.!    :  :;.  .h  ..  an.!  h:-  ;hi".-  un>  -\<  -.  ;!i.-  1  !ra  n  i  I  -.  -"!•!"    ;:!,••  \  an   \|.  ;•  :   i,  -.-i 
\a;:"-i.  in   1-J-.     "  Mr.   1. 1"-.. I     N  "M  i -.    \\  )i"    at  !••!  u  ai  •!-  Ii  \ .- .:     aial.li.'i     n|-..ii 
ii.  i.m   :hr  -nm  ••!   -J.  ,«'«'. 

Inl-L-'th.  \l  •''  ;  !:Whr.  a-iha\,'  -ai'l.  m-.M-.l  v.f >t  ..I  ;!r«  \I,-  ;--i;.|.| 
n \  i-i .  .l"hn  . I '..'.'  i  i ^i  \'.  i;  ii  i  hi  m . 

T!I.  al"''.  >•  i '  -•  i  \  at  i"ii  i-  n|  "ii  1 1  "i  M  \  i  : .  -  k  .  u  it  I,  in  1  u  ••  am!  a  hall  .«:  UM'^-V 
mil.  -  "I  i  hi-  |..,i'  •-.  aii-l  :-  a-  -  •  1  hi  IP  I  .1  -  I  !:•  '  ••  i  -  :  n  :  in-  -1  i!.- .  Tii.  :,•  .1;,- 
-"in.  ,  '•'  -,  lim  -;  •-  •  j  -  a1,"  'ti  il .  \  an  MI  d-i  •",  ••>  k  '  mi'l  :•  -  in!"  I  I  "!i.  ,  .  ;  •  •  k 
in  :  h;  -  ' '  -i  i  -.  •-.  Mi.\"!!;-ha-  a  lim-  ^n-I  m:  i  n  ;•"!;:!'•  !m  IK-  :  .  \ ,  •  ',. .  a 
-h"! :  -I  i-1.  i  :;'•'•  !  i  -m  it  -  .-'mil'm  :>'  <•  \\  ii  h  !  In-  latif  i .  I!  •••  m:i  i-  la:!  i  :  ...  \\  n 

I   !  "i  _:"'   :••  -lalt    !,"\\   :  in-  I  ml  ;ai;-  i  aii-;h;    .l"hnn\    ,.i  i  . : .  i  ?  i  :  ,.  ;     \    • 


;^J  IIIM'OKY     UK     SK.NKCA     COUNTY. 

which  wits  as  follows  :  His  t\vo  elder  brothers  easil)  cleared  the  fence,  and 
ran.  lull  Johnny  undertook  to  cra\vl  through  a  crack  of  the  fence,  hut  ijot 
fast.  In  lids  situation  the  Indians  caught  him. 

\\'hat  trihe  of  Indians  was  this?  IMease  correct  aii\  and  all  errors  in  the 
fore^oi  Hi;'  as  far  as  you  are  ahle.  Truh . 

.1. \.MKS   IMLLAKS. 

I'hc  did  settlers  knew  all  these  old  Mohawks,  and  spoke  ot  their 
kindness  and  benevolence  with  leclin^s  ol  pleasure. 

F.si|uirc  llcaton  furnished  the  writer  with  a  statement  concerning  his 
father's  tamilv.  trom  which  the  Followitm-is  extracted: 


Kmi'_rrat"d  from  1  Vniis\  Ivania  to  ( 'oshortoii  county  in  1M  / .  and  entered  laud 
in  Bedford  township.  He  cam]ied  in  the  woods  uniil  he  had  Imilt  a  cabin. 
lie  had  then  a  wife  and  two  children.  H'-re  he  laid  out  the  town  of  New 
Bedford,  \vliich  is  now  al>oin  the  si/e  of  .Melmore.  lie  there  kept  the  first 
hold  and  po^loilice.  In  l^.i  In  moved  to  Seneca  count),  and  bought  a 
quarter  section  from  Mr.  Searles.  in  Ivlcn  townshiii.  ahoiit  three-quarters  of 
a  mile  south  of  Melmore.  on  the  Kilhonrn  road.  lie  traveled  from  ('oshoc- 
tou  to  Seneca,  ahout  one  hundred  miles,  in  a  hiy-  old-fashioned  IVnus)  l\  ania 
four  horse  wau'on.  riding  t  he  saddle  horse.  He  built  1  \\  o  cabins,  and  com- 
menced clearin.n'  land  and  lindin^  subsistence  for  his  lai'ire  famih  of  ele\cn 
persons.  ||c  was  a  brickla\er  \>\  trade,  and  often  compelled  to  \\ork  at  jobs 
lo  earn  niotie)  The  su^ar-t  roii^h  was  used  a>  a  cradle  in  our  house,  and 
mot  her  u>ed  to  do  her  baking  in  a  "  1  )iitch-oveii."  I-' lax  wa>  raised  for  sum- 
mer Hot  hiuu'.  and  manufactured  b\  thefamil).  The  spinninu' \\  as  done  b\ 
haiiil.  Mother  carded  the  \\ool  while  m\  Bisters  spun  it  into  \arn  for  idoth. 
\\'.e  bo\  s  were  a  I  lo  weil  one  pair  of  >hoe>  per  year,  which  would  be  worn  out 
during  winter,  and  in  the  >umniei-  \\  e  had  !o  combat  \\ith  the  thistles  and 
nettle^,  which  u'i'e\\  very  thick.  They  used  to  have  "  lou;  rollings"  in  the 
neighborhood.  The  men  wi>uld  work  hard  all  da\  and  then 


jirls  in  the  n 

M)  fat  her  was  a  justice  of  the  peace.  (ieneralSea  and  Mr.  ( 'o\\  dr\  .  the 
Mormon  lawyer,  attended  court  at  our  house  one  time. 

In  the  iirst  few  years  after  we  settled  here,  the  I  ndians  often  stopped  at 
our  house  with  cranberries  to  sell,  and  to  be»-.  ( )ne  da\  a  \ ouiiLi'cr  brother 
and  1  \\  e|-e  pUiyiiiLT  "  horse  "  in  our  cabin.  \\  hen  a  biu  I  ndian  came  in.  armed 
to  his  teeth.  He  sel  his  ._i-im  behind  t  hi'  door  and  walked  up  to  the  tire.  The 
"  hor>es."  \\  ho  u  ere  ilown  on  all  fours,  look  fright  at  the  Indian  and  ran  au  a\ 
to  the  other  cabin.  The  Indian  wauled  to  st;i\  all  ni-'ht .  and  father  look 
care  of  him. 

Fa  I  her  li\  ed  lo  see  iiearl)  all  the  old  set  t  lers  pass  to  t  heir  lonu  homes.  He 
d  ied  in  the  \  ear  Is;-;,  ut  t  lie  ad  \  a  need  au'e  of  eiyh!  \  )  ears. 

Tiie  u  ilderiies^.    inhabited    b\     prowlini;-    savayi  s.  had  been   changed  into 


IMS     I  '  >\V  N>lll|-.  5  ?  ? 

Iniittul  tirl'K      It"'  Indian-  had  tli-piii  Ird  lot  tin-  far  wot.  ami  u' I  markets 

\\t-if  r-tabli-hrd  at  h"iiir.  i'..r    \\.int    "I    \\hirh.  in  t'onwr  tiuu's.  tin* -.HUrrs 

had  t<»  •-">  1"  »thrr  ti'un^  far  a\\a\ . 

There  were  -o  in.iny  diitin.:u;-lled  men  arnon.;  the  pioneer-  ot  Kden 
that  hut  a  tew  «>t'  thrin  i  -in  IK-  limited  here,  and  ot  the-,e  «.iily  tho>e 
that  w'l-rr  be-!  known  to  tlu-  writer,  an.!  ot  who-e  l;!e  intorma'.ion  wa- 

mrn:-hed 

>ouu.  o!  the  reader-    ..;    !!>..-    l>o..k    will    M  an  ei\    reaii/e  how  d;>eoiir- 

t  ,in  ,  ;»  ;>  i(,  .1  ui  in    when    he    undertake-  to    pr.>d:i>  e  a  taithial  h:-',ory. 
md  ni'-rt-^  \vi:!i  (.ciijilc  in  In^  -ran  h  l<  n'  ni!'»nnaU"n    w!io  take  IM  intrr 
r-,1  in  lr.>  nii--i"t>  an>l  furnish  n •>    :ut-ir:iia:i(iii. 

1'lu-rc  lived  in  l-.den  aU"  an  '/.d  (ietniin  l'\  t!ie  name  ol  {'hiiij.  \  nn 
);;,,,,  |1,-  (.iiuc  here  uith  a  lar^e  ;un;i\  : n  i^^-}.  .md  ;••.  i;.-d  near 
s  un'i;-l  Maitin'^  on  tlie  Ne^i"tciwn  road.  Hewa>  irom  \\'a!dniohr, 
m  tin-  r.iiatinate.  and  rather  a  marked  <  :iara<  ter.  llr  -.\  M>  ,i  ^reat 
re  ider  ami  a  \iuoroii-.  thinker;  a  m.in  ot  ^o-id  im>r.ii  <  h.ira<  ter  ,i;;d 
hmh!\  esteemed.  I  le  lived  to  aliout  ei^li!} 

d'lttm.  Mr-.  l"l"i  1  :e_;e,  alread\  mentioned.  \\  a-  lu>  oldest  d.uulilcr. 
1  |j,  ,  iiildren  ha\  e  taken  no  interot  .n  thi>  -e.  and  it  i-  to  he 

rcu.'etted  that  no  better    -keti  h  >  an  be    ].rod'i    ed. 

>  \\1T  I   !       -.      MA  I:  I  I  N 

(  it' this  d;-tin_rui>hed  old  I'riend  "'  mine  I  iu-re  in>er!  an  obipi.iry 
noti.  e  1  io'in.l  in  one  ot  the  Tit'tin  pap..-]-,,  inlw'.ii.  h  :i..:-  ||u  .t 
\  ers  tai'liin!  pu  ;  'ire  >  >l  him  : 

|,|     \  |  H    nl       \  N     I  1 1.1)    I    I  I  1/1.  N     nl      -l.N  i   I     \     <   •  '1    N  I   \  . 

S.iinin-1  *•».  Mai  l  in  wa^  burn  in  the  tuun  uf  Miillin.  Miilliiie<niiit> .  I'eitn^x  I- 
vama.  Oet..br  r  i^  It  h.  IT'-'.,  and  ili.-il  April  Imh.  \-,\.  ami  ua>  llifr,-!',,n.  s<\t\- 
riu'hi  M'.ii -.  -i\  m"!ilh-  ami  M-\rnI-rii  ilav^nl'l.  1 1  i-  tal  IH-I  .1  i,-,|  u  I,,  n  h*. 
u;1^  ,,in!r  \iMin--.  ami  In-  wa-^  «.bli-'-d  \»  .iepeinl  npnn  lii-  n\\  n  i-m-rx'irs  l<> 
,-;in-\  him  I  hi--- n-h  ihr  \  i«-i»itmle^  ut'  I :!'•-.  II'-  leiimM-'l  l.i(  ihj,.  in  !-]_•  ,,,,,) 
in  1-Jl  li«'ii-lil  land  in  Ivlen  t.iun-hip.  tn  u  iieh  In-  i-mi-ra;.-.l  in  I^_'  In 

,,,,,,!  II"  11    \V  iMi    I  hr   ral!\    -el  !  lei-  nt    t  hr     e,.!int\      hr    \\.(s    ^i|i,j,-etr,|    t,,   t|,.-    hal'd- 

sliii'-  a  H1 1  p:  '  •  at  i"ii-  "!  a  pn.ii'-'-r  I  it''1.  II'-  \\  a-  a  man  "I  U"  •<  1  nal  i  irai  m  - 
,|,  ,v,  in, -ni  -.  vvliieh  -.inn  m.ide  hiiii  pii'iniip-nt  in  t  If  e,  .nimniii!  \  :  h.\\a- 

I  xs  ,,-,-   ,-1,-ete. !    ,| --'•--"!    ..1    J  In-  eiiillit  >  .    Illld'-l    III''    I  llr  II    r\i-t  111  J'    ! .  I  U  >  .   ,  I !  1. 1     in'l'l 

•  ;,,.    ,,;Vne    "1     ju-tirr    MI    thr    p'-arr    \«\   iu.i!i\    \e,n-.  in   i-'..|.'ii  ;..\\  n-h  ip.      !!•• 

.•;,,!/••  .1    r  .el,       ll|ea-H!e      |  .  ]  ,.|  ,M  I  |  ||  •  I  r .  I      i  M      i!  I  r      |  .1  I  I  .1  1  e    U  I  !  j ,    -  r,  -,  I !    ,  • .  (  IV  .     .  1 1  , ,  | 
\\  ),,.],    tii-  r.Hielll-'i.n-    \\rrc    n-arhr.l.      lie      n  e  \  .  • !    i  I  e  j ..  1 1  !  e,  !     1  I  .  .]  1 1    I  1 II  •  I II  .         l'..|jti- 

,•,[!!<,  hr  v.  a-  a  1  i.-iii.  ierai .  ami  !'••!!  urea!  inti-rr-l  in  Ihr-nrec--  ,  .|  tin-  ^j-ral 
, .,  ,h  ,,.]!,  .r,  !  \  i-  nira-urr-  t'l  hi->  pa:  1  \  .  l'e\v  men  ran  I.M.I,;  ;  |M-  ,  ,„  ,;IM  ,-,  ,m,| 
,,.,,.,,,;,,  i.t  ti-mi'i-i  u  huh  Mi  .  Mai :  in  alu  a\  -  ••  \hibitn|.  \  It  a  Mr  m  h;-  mtrr- 
, .,  ,||,  ,,.  v.  i!  h  inrii  -r  i  ii|.ii!iin>!>  !iMm  -1  in  I  'H  --:  m  --.  Hi' '!  al  ,i  ii'l  hii;li  mni'i'-il 

,n   ,  h,H  a.  t'-l  .   ||.-  ehallrn^'r.l    th.r   e-ter|||     M!      a!'      U  ll"  k  I  !•' "    h  i  III .   al  I' I     l.'It      [|n» 

'.'.»,;  .in  riii  m \  . 


5^4  HISTORY    OK     SF.XKCA     COUNTY. 

Mr.  Martin  quietly  entertained  his  o\\n  views  of  religion,  but  upon  his 
dying  bed  professed  a  hope  in  the  saving  pardon  of  (Jod.and  frequently  said 
that  lit-  was  LTuing  to  tin-  realms  of  endless  glory,  lie  has  left  behind  him  a 
record  of  \  irtue  worth)  of  our  imitation.  His  disease  was  chronic  asthma. 

• 
Is    it    not    singular    that    in    writing    up  a  short    history  of  a  township, 

obituary  notices  of  father  and  son,  both  distinguished  and  good  men, 
and  both  especial  dear  friends  of  the  writer,  should  follow  each  other 
so  closely  in  succession  ?  Hut  we  all  tollow  each  other  in  close  suc- 
cession, and  one  has  scarcely  time  to  tell  the  tale  of  his  friend  before 
he  is  himself  called  awav  to  reali/e  the  scenes  o!  another  mission. 


\Vas  born  in  Perry  county.  Ohio.  September  18,  18:12,  and  died  April 
4,  1^79.  and  was  therefore  aged  fifty-six  years,  six  months  and  sixteen 
(.lays.  In  the  spring  of  18.29  he  came  here  with  his  father's  family, 
Samuel  S.  Martin,  noticed  above,  and  has  resided  in  Kden  township  to 
the  time  of  his  death,  except  only  a  tew  years,  as  hereafter  noticed. 
In  his  youth  he  taught  school  in  the  winter  and  labored  on  his  father's 
farm  during  the  summer  and  fall  until  1846,  when  he  was  appointed  to 
the  oftice  of  count}'  recorder  by  the  county  commissioners,  to  till  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  «f  \Villiam  H.  Kessler.  who  had 
accepted  a  clerkship  in  some  department  at  Washington.  In  1847  Mr. 
Martin  was  elected  to  this  otfice  and  re-elected  in  1850,  making  his 
aggregate  term  of  service  about  seven  years.  His  official  administra- 
tion was  characteri/ed  by  a  high  degree  of  capacity  and  singular  punc- 
tuality at  his  post  of  duty.  On  October  12.  1848.  Mr.  Martin  was 
married  to  Barbara  Kagy,  daughter  of  Abraham  Kagy.  Ksq.,  who  still 
resides  in  I'doom  township.  Thirteen  children  resulted  from  this 
union,  ten  of  whom,  together  with  their  bereaved  mother,  survive  to 
lament  their  loss.  The  funeral  cortege  which  followed  the  corpse  to 
the  burial  was  the  largest  ever  known  in  the  township,  being  nearly  a 
mile  in  length  I  hiring  his  prostrated  illness  of  more  than  two  years, 
Mr.  Martin  manifested  an  almost  heroic  fortitude,  and  at  the  trying  end 
of  his  earthly  race  he  met  the  remorseless  "King  of  Terrors''  with 
such  calm  resignation  that  seemed  to  mock  his  power.  The  family  of 
of  the  deceased  reali/ed  the  fact  that  he  must  leave  them,  only  a  few 
minutes  before  the  end.  and  the  wildest  manifestation  of  grief  prevail- 
ing. Mr.  .Martin  essayed  to  calm  their  sorrow  and  counsel  them  for  the 
future  lie  retained  his  reason  and  spoke  up  to  within  a  minute  or 
two  of  his  death,  and  thus  peacefully  and  calmly  he  closed  his  timely 
career.  To  Robert  Martin,  all  who  ever  knew  him  record  the  highest 


and    noblest    tribute   to    hi>    memory.      He    wa-   an    hone>!    :ui'i  upright 
man  and  -in    exemplar)  i  i!i/en 

The  !'irr^oin_  i>  taken  ir<ini  an  ob:tu  ir\  nouee,  >!i^htlv  thanked: 
ami  il  iheiv  i-  .inv'thinj  to  lie  added  ;..  de>.  r:b  •  R.ib.-rt  a-  he  locked 
and  \salked.  let  me  ->a\  tii.il  he  wa>  a>>-r.  Ir.e  leei  «,--ven  itu  lie--,  HI 
hei,'!u.  we. II  proportioned,  h  id  a  h  _;h  and  noYe  lnrehe;. 
t.ilr  i  '  >mpie\:<  in,  regular,  dehi  ate  but  tn.ini\  leat'ire-.  and  a! 
\.iu  \v;tii  a  >ni:!e.  11:>  tnend-.hip  w.i-,  \vir:n  and  iir-n  a: 
,,;"  h.)ii..r  hi.^h  and  -.mid.  While  he  ua>  d.-.  ided  m  everx:!,  :. 
I  •:!  ih.n-'i^h  tiie  <  r.n'iMr  ••'.  1  >  «.vv:i  :!i'i-i_'n:>.  h--  lia-i  ^rea:  r-^pei  !  IMT 
the  npin;i>n>  ni  i/;her>  \\«  in  alter  'n-i\\  widely  t!.'-\  d  li'-red.  A  in  an  ni 
r.i<!»U.-r  :ii)p'i!>i'-<  and  uaini-T  iriemUliiji  than  Ri'ber;  M  irt.n  the  uriti-r 
ne\  er  i.neu 

Anmn^   the  enterprising    larnier-    ..;    <»r\\    var>  aju  iua\   be  reinem 
ber.'d  a!>o:    l\;.hard    llaker.    (leor^e    lieni^m.     riniina-    I'.aker.  >,  Men 
(ira\e>.    Sylxann-;    Arnuld,    J.ihn    l!aker.    |anie>    \\'a:-<«in,     |i-»e      Kn'.er. 
\\"iihain  \\  a!-»  >n,   I  >a\  id  <  Hm-led.   1  leti  lam  .  M    I'l  'ind.ue,   I  ian:<-i  \\  .  1 .  i-,t 
man,    l'ii.i;p    lire:/.    |nhn    Ka^\.    A'i.iin    l'enii:n^;"n.    He/ek,ah  Searie-,, 
John   lire;/,   lonah   Uroun,   |ohn  (iil»nn,   luhn  ('rum.   lato'i  Price.   |i>:m 
liiiu'ii^.    I'liiii])    ^priii^er,    |  a'  oil    Andre.  "Sam 'i  i/l   Kennedy,    lame-  (i  ray, 
\\'i!!i.i!n     Ireland.     1  >r.     Itate-    and     |ohn     1 .  im!)er>on.       |ann--    >>--ve!i^, 
lai  ob  b';-kirk,  th'-  ArnoKU  and  oilier--,  uei  e  amor,-  the  eari\    -.-•  •  ii-r-  oi' 
M  elim  M'e.  ai^o. 


\\'a-  born  in  \nne  Arnnilel  (  ounty .  Maryland,.  l-'ebrn.i;\  .'  .  i  ; ; ; .  »n 
a  larm  where  in  wa-  ra^ed  He  wa>  ilraltet!  to  ;!<,•  arm\  in  i  S  i  _•.  alter 
he  'A.*.-  married  .r.d  ha<l  >ettied  near  the  t»wn  o!  New  I  am  a^Irr.  '  ':i;o 
lit-  m  i\  ;ri  i;n  : 'n-Te  in  t  he  tall  ot  i  -  j  .  u  i:  h:-  \s  ;•.-  and  ;.  <  h 


>a<  k    o;    t  i:e    i>.< » 
:'   ii  ui  an  a<  re.     I' 


536  HIsloKV     ()l      SKNKCA     COUNTY. 

in  the  block    houses   for  about   r.vo  hundred   men.      Mr.  Bowe's  tavern 

was  a  double  cabin  and  stood  in  the  street  north  ot  the  iron  bridge,  and 
the  army  road  ran  along  in  front  ot  it  also.  I  )avid  Smith  occupied,  for 
a  while,  the  same  room  with  Mr.  Creesy  Rollins  lived  on  the  Souder 
farm.  •  so-called  afterwards). 

In  the  >pring  of  i.s^i.  Mr.  Searles  helped  to  open  a  road  from  Tiffin 
to  Rocky  creek,  where  the  church  now  stands. and  where  he  had  bought 
\(>-  acres  of  land.  11  ere  he-  built  a  cabin  in  the  woods,  and  in  1^25  he 
built  a  frame  barn  which  was  probably  the  first  one  in  the  county. 
Reuben  Williams  was  the  boss  carpenter.  Mr.  Searles  attached  him- 
self to  the  M.  L.  church  when  he  was  a  young  man,  and  up  to  his  death 
remained  a  faithful  and  honored  member.  After  he  located  here  on 
Rocky  creek,  his  house  became  a  stopping  place  for  all  the  preachers, 
and  headquarters  at  nearly  all  the  camp  and  quarterly  meetings.  For 
several  years  the  elections  were  held  at  1m  house.  Kxcept  Tiffin,  Kden 
township  contained  the  most  decided  politicians,  strong  Whigs  and 
strong  Democrats,  but  in  their  township  elections  they  picked  their 
officers  from  both  parties.  Here  they  voted  tor  men  only. 

Mrs.  Searle-.'  maiden  name  was  Duncan.  They  were  the  parents  of 
nine  children,  five  bovs  and  tour  girls,  ot  whom  four  sons  and  two 
daughters  are  still  living. 

The  foregoing  was  gathered  Irom  what  Mr.  He/ekiah  Searles  related, 
and  he  goes  on  to  say:  "  (Mir  neighbors  were  the  \\elches,  who  had 
located  on  ihe  <  Minuted  (arm.  ('harles  IJretx.  Mr.  Sponable.  Cal. 
|acqua.  the  lioyds.  father  Shelden.  Thomas  Vannatta.  the  Sneaths  and 
and  others  came  on  ->oon  alter. 

11  (  )ne  time  in  the  winter  we  lost  a  colt  We  built  a  fence  around  it 
with  a  trap  lid  and  caught  live  wolve>.  This  was  before  Seneca  county 
was  i  ir^ani/ed.  and  we  took  the  scalps  to  Lower  Sandusky.  where  we 
got  S^  a  piece  lor  them.  The  rivers  and  creeks  abounded  in  good  fish 
and  the  woods  in  game.  We  suffered  the  deprivations  and  enjoyed  the 
pleasures  pr<  uliar  to  that  sort  ot  lile. 

••  f.ithcr  died   May   14.   1^44.  and  mother  October   ^o.  iSji." 

There  i-  here  MI  Kden  township  a  >ort  of  counterpart  to  the  old  stone 
fortification-^  described  by  Mr.  Swigart  in  liloom.  near  1  loney  creek. 
Thi>  one  is  near  the  *ame  creek  in  the  Van nan a  section.  Alter  you  leave 
the  Mohawk  road,  turning  to  the  right  at  the  corner  of  (he  old  Wolf 
farm.  <  ros,-ing  ihe  bridge  goin.u"  wcM.  \  on  come  across  the  bottom  and 
appro, x  h  a  hill,  where  von  see  a  lii_rh  blul'  a  little  to  the  lett.  forming  a 
rounded  <  orner  at  the  northeast  point.  I  pon  this  blull  there  is  a  cir- 
cular embankment  embracing  nearlv  tuo  acres  of  land.  The  embank- 


I  I'l  \     I  OW  NSIIIP.  q  >; 

ment  is  now  nearly  llat  on  the  top  and  looks  a->  if  at  one  time  it  must 
have-  been  a  \er\  substantial  parapet.  Mr.  Randall  s.i\  s  he  saw  oak 
trees  _' r  o.w  <  n  _'  upon  it  two  leet  ;n  diameter.  The  Mohawks  lived  all 
arounci  over  this  part  ot  the  country  and  knew  no  m»re  about  it  than 
the  present  generation  «»!  white  people. 

In  a  direction  o!  a  little  east  oi"  north  t'rom  this  rampart,  and  within 
the  rai'.^e  ot  a  rule,  are  found  ver\  many  leaden  bu!!i-t  •>  <>f  \  trious  si/es, 
from  .;rape  shot  down  in  i  p  to  the  pound.  Some  of  ;h--se  ha\e  the- 


\\  a^  th:>  parapet  nn<  e  a  par !  ol  an  old  lort  ''  \  \.\~-  hi>'.or\  e\  er  ti  aeed 
the  man  h  ot  an  army  a! on.;  tln^  <  reek  -1  \\  a^  [here  e\  er  a  battle  toii^ht 
in  tlii^  \  alle\ .  and  it"  ->o.  li\  \\  ii.  .m  -  \\  \..\\  peopl,-  liMii;  round,  tor  till,  a- 
tion-  '  \\  ii!  M>me!>od\  explain  all  thi^  some  da\  .' 


I  of  ,i  while,  it  wa>  a  '|ue>':on  in  the  mind  ot  the  writer  a^  to  whii  h 
township  in  the  (  ounty  a  sketch  ot  this  distinguished  pioneer  should 
he  attai  lied,  hei  aiise  he  lias  IM\V  lived  in  (ire-en  Springs  >onie  time, 
but  he  tirst  located  here  in  Kden.  \\  here  he  drove  his  stake  in  the  woods 
near  Ro.  k\  <-eek.  lie  has  lived  longer  in  Seneca  c  ounty  now  than 
an\  other  man  in  it.  1  1  is  lather  was  in  \\  ash  in  _;  ton's  army,  and  so  was 
also  his  ta'.her's  neighbor  in  Huron  county,  Mr.  Seitert.  I'he-e  old 
re\  olut'.onar\  \eler.nis  ol'teti  talked  over  their  s(  enes  of  strife  for  inde 
pendem  e.  I'.oth  were  un  at  admirers  of  (lenerai  \\  a-h;  n_'ton. 

In  t!ie  month  ot  l-'ebruar\.  I.'MC),  'I'liomas  and  llu^h  Welch,  sons  ()f 
the  abo\  e  named  \  etc  ran .  starte-i  troni  1  I  'iron  <  oi'.nt  y  to  find  homes  in 
tlie  wi!d>  of  Sene<  a.  The\  camp-'d  out  'he  first  nijlit  and  in  the  mo  MI 
:nu  found  theniseU-'S  near  Hoiu-y  creek  \  dictation  had  aireadv 
started  to  ^'row.  tor  in  tlie  dense  torest  a  <  ertain  decree  of  warmth  was 
retained,  and  the  -round  ne\  er  tro/e  ver\  hard  in  the  winter.  Ihev 
tollowed  down  the  stream,  and  somewhere  near  the  late  residence  of 
Mr.  William  Meet.  th.e\  <  amc  upon  a  bind  of  >enei  a  ludittis,  who 
w  ere  makin.;  sii-ar,  and  with  them  they  em  amped  tor  the  ni^ht  <  >n 
the.r  jo;irne\  down  the  (  reek  on  the  ne\!  dav.  the\  arrived  a!  the 
\lohawk  village,  on  the  Van  Meter  section,  a!read\  sp.,ken  nt.  \  an 
Met, -r  ma.1..-  the  U.-lehs  welcome  at  his  (  ab:n  and  d;re.  '.-d  thein  ;, , 
some  \er\  ei;_;ib!e  land  in  the  neighborhood,  whu  h  ihe\  !iou_;ht.  and 
turned  into  liomes  l!i-n-  tlu-v  upeiu-d  up  the-  first  sr-ttlement  in  I '.den 
township.  In  lum-  toilowin^.  two  other  bro'hc-rs,  Martin  and  lohn. 
a l-o  i  amc-.  I  h. '>mas  il;rd  siion  alter.  John  became  a  ipembc-r  o!  :\\,- 
(  )hio  U-L;:  s!at  ure  trom  Seiiec  a  county.  I  I  u^li  and  Martin  mo\  ed  to 


^38  HIS  I  DRY     OK     SKNK.CA     COUNTY. 

Wyandot  county.      Martin  and    John  are  now   also  dead,  and  the  Judge 
is  the  onl\   survivor  o'  that  once  large  family. 

llu-h  Welch  was  the  iir.it  postmaster  in  Lden  township,  and  he  held 
the  ottii  e  at  hi>  opening,  which  was  afterwards  known  as  the  Olmsted 
and  Richardson  place.  This  was  the  first  postottice  in  Seneca  county 
ea-t  ni  the  riser.  Mr.  Welch  was  appointed  by  President  Jackson. 
lolin  M<  Lean  wa->  postmaster-general  at  that  time  and  signed  the  com- 
minion  a>  MH  h.  It  is  dated  August  4.  18.15.  Mr.  Welch  sold  the 
(  >lm>ted  tann  and  the  Richardson  place  and  moved  into  \Vyandot 
counts,  where  he  wa>  appointed  one  ot  the  associate  judges  of  ('raw- 
lord  count}'.  W\aiulot  wa^  then  a  part  ot  Crawford.  This  commis- 
sion is  dated  September  _'j.  18^4.  and  is  signed  by  Robert  Lucas, 
governor,  and  M.  II.  Kirby.  >ecrctarv  ot  state.  He  was  re-elected 
a>sociate  judge,  and  his  second  commission  bears  date  ot  February  4, 
184.:.  and  is  signed  by  Thomas  ('orwin.  governor,  and  Samuel  (lallo- 
wav.  sec  re'.ary  of  >tate.  The  Judge  sold  his  Wyandot  farm  and  again 
moved  into  Seneca  count}'. 

lie  laid  out  the  town  of  Mexico  soon  after  he  moved  into  Wyandot; 
helped  i"  build  the  M.  L.  church  there,  donated  the  lot  upon  which 
it  wa>  built,  and  for  a  long  time  and  until  he  sold  his  property  near 
Mexi'o.  wa>  one  ot  its  mo-t  iniluential  members. 

Judge  Welch  wasborn  in  Little  I'>ea\  cr  township.  Heaver  county,  I'enn- 
svlvania.  on  the  iSth  day  ot  February,  i  So  i .  His  father's  name  was 
Felix,  and  hi^  mother's  name  was  Margaret  liarnes,  who  came  from 
Fngland.  i!i>  lather  was  a  native  of  the  count}'  ot  Ilerry.  in  Ireland. 
The  parent--  had  six  sons  and  four  daughters.  Hugh  was  the  fifth  son. 

In  iSi<)  the  parent^  mo\'ed  with  their  children  to  Huron  county, 
Ohio,  where  they  lived  until  the  sons  t.mnd  better  homes,  in  Seneca 
county.  Hugh  was  married  on  the  i.Sth  day  of  September,  i<S2^.  to 
I'olU .  >e<  ond  daughter  oi  Jolin  (libson.  They  had  three  children : 
Lii/a.  married,  to  William  A.  Watson:  a  little  >on  who  died  at  the  age 
of  about  four  year>,  and  Maria,  who  married  Frank  Mcliride,  and  who 
ha>  two  interesting  daughters,  nearlv  young  women  grown.  Judge 
We'n  h's  brother.  Martin,  was  the  first  stationed  minister  at  Tcjledo  in 
the.M.  \..  church.  '1'hc  Judge  was  well  acquainted  with  all  the  Mohawk 
Indian^  on  the  \  an  Meter  section,  and  knew  ('harline.  who  was  a 
nejihew  of  the  Hrandt's.  and  the  bitter.  unforgi\ing  foe  of  the  Ameri- 
can-. He  carric-d  hi--  hatreil  to  the  grave  with  him.  He  had  the  skin 
ot  the  leg  and  loot  of  a  child  tanned,  in  which  he  carried  his  trinkets. 
lie  would  not  talk  to  a  wh:te  man.  and  died  trom  eating  warm  bread 
beond,  '.he  M  i^i  -,-ippi. 


i  i.i  N  i. -UNSHIP.  539 

Ind^e  Welch  say>  that  there  were  throe  brothers  ot  these  Itramlt's, 
Thomas,  I'anhis  ami  Kaai  .  Is.i.ir  was  his  tavorite.  They  were  both 
o!  ab'cit  the  same  height  and  a_;e:  loth  lull  ot  lun  and  i^reat  wrestlers 
Van  Meter  wa>  a  generous  and  noble  man,  and  a  _;teat  horse  laneier. 

('harline  was  about  eighty  year--  old  when  he  letl  with  the  Mohawks 
tor  the  west. 

Mrs.  \\'el,  h  died  June  <«th.  \*n,,.  a:  (ireen  S;.rin^->  She  was  tile 
lirst  patient  at  the  water  <  tire.  1- rom  th.e  Sth  ot  t  )i  tober,  J  ^_'s.  hitherto 
Itidue  \Veli  h  has  been  a  ta:thiul  memitri  ot  the  M  I.,  t  linn  h. 


CHAPTER  XXXIV. 

HOPEWELL    TOWNSHIP. 


1.     J,     N.     K.      I-}     I.. 

Tl  I  1  S  tounship  was  or.u'ani/ed  on  the  ;th  day  of  December.  1X24 
as  alre.uh  stated.  The  first  election  was  held  on  Christinas  day, 
the  same  \car.  at  the  house  ot  Joseph  Pool.  Joseph  Rosenbcrger,  John 
Stover  and  Nathan  (  \id\\  alladcr  were  elected  as  trustees:  James  Cor- 
don, clerk;  John  S;oner.  treasurer.  Robert  and  Jolin  Shippy  and  John 
Chane\  were  aKo  earlv  settlers. 

In  iS^o  the  population  was  540:  in  1X40  it  had  increased  to  <)iS,  in 
iS;j  it  was  1.477.  and  in  i.SSo  it  is  i,')^5- 

Hupewell  is  also  a  wealth}-  township.  The  soil  is  very  fertile  and 
the  drainage  is  yearly  improving  it. 

()n  the  first  of  February,  1X^7,  Mr.  John  Miller  laid  out  the  town  of 
Hascom.  lleorge  \\  .  (list  was  the  surveyor.  It  is  located  on  section 
seventeen.  Uascoin  is  a  station  on  the  r>altimore  \  (  )hio  railroad. 

.\_reen  Inuraham.  Jacob  S.  Jennings.  John  Sleeper,  David  Cover, 
lames  Mathews.  John  Mau_;hnian.  I'eter  I.oiisway,  I'eter  Youni,r.  Aaron 
Ruse.  <  .  \\Vikert.  Thomas  l-'.lder.  I'hilip  Kii\ur.  Joseph  (  )-le,  Thomas 
Kii  kets  and  others  were  also  amon^  the  earl\  settlers  here. 

The  Coidwater  railroad  had  also  been  constructed  through  this  town- 
ship, and  the  iron  laid.  The  project  was  abandoned  and  the  iron 
taken  up,  never  to  br  laid  down  a^ain  <  i  •. 

tin  the  Mh  day  ot  August,  iX^ii.  >amuel  'A'au'^'oner  laid  out  a  town 
by  James  Dm  ,'eyor,  on  section  sixteen,  which  lie  called  Hope- 

well,  b'lt   no  trai  e  ot  it  can  be  toiiud.       It  never  ilourishcd. 

Aiiioii-  the  distinmiishcd  men  who  died  in  Hopewell  was  Joseph 
Mil  icii.md.  one  ot  tlie  old  Seneca  < DUU ty  pioneers.  1 1  e  was  born  in 
M;tl!:n  <  >'i;i!\  I'eniisylvania,  August  j;.  17X7,  and  was  married  in 
l\<>^  i  >hio.  in  or  near  ( 'hill  icot  he.  in  the  earls'  part  of  1X1:5. 

!iemo\i    .         -  ity.    Kentucky,    in    the    same    year.      1 1  is  wife 

wa>   |  n  'rt     ot     I  liomas    Ilo\d.  one    of   the    old    count     coin- 


Mr.   Mi  <   ieitaml  HUH  e<!  to    I'.' 
>e<  ;ii  >i\  threi  .      1  n   i  >\;  •>  hi-  in-  >\ 

IKIleVet..         Ill     |S;  }    hr    ll|i>\  •-•!    !' 

thnts    ;.\  f.  ami  th,-n-  ilii-il  at  tii 
a iii!  ;  ii :  r!o  n  i  lav  -.. 

Mr.  M.  t   leilam!    «.i-        >t..-.i: 


lnvvn-.lii|i    in     iSj 
•    Sil-.  IT  i  reek,    M 


541 

j  aiul  settloi  mi 
-tthnu  mi  ->i-i  'umi 
M  -r'lnl  .ill  ^n  !;•)!! 
i-.n-.  i«'-,ir  months 


\\  a-,  :...:M   \,.\  ,-mlu-r    v    iS.  (,.  in 

aU'  •;•  i:1  ••  la  '     T   :ni  >\  n  1    v\  : !  h    h  > 
\  illc.  in   I  airlii-iil  i  i  unit  v. 

\\  1 1 1  • :  i  >  1 1  n '  1 1  •  1  u  a  -^  a  1  > i  •  1 1 !    I  \\  <.  •  n  t  \    t 
i  i  Mill!  \    am  1     rlltrri-i  i     t  lie    \\  r-'     hill     i  • 
t\\'-i!i\    ; \\''>.  ;:i    1  I '  >[it:\vri!.       1  I  •- TI-    hr 
t!u    I-.  iaii  :  •  >*  ar'  i-   I  '>.!-•  •  i!ii.       i  I  > 
tnr   Mr.   1  1<  >:_«  >.  aiul  in    ix;;    !u-    iiiarrin!    I .;:  •  iln-1  it  /<  ;-.  a  iia-!_ii!i-:    «>t" 
a  <iiTiuaii    !a!ti:i\     lisa'    !;\r.l    1:1    l.:i>r:'\     I'  iu  ::-h:|-        At'.iT  h>'  \v.i^    :nar 

ri'.'ii     lie     Ill'i\i-<i     'Iji'ili     hi-     I. Mid.     \\hrlV     l:il;     -,'iil    i5>ii!e^.         Ill-    wile    •  iiccl 

>'.  j i' i- in!).- 1  i  i .  \  ••*'  ,  :  i:<-  in<  >'.  lu-i  'il  1 1 -n  i  li:-!ihvn.  \\  hi  >  are  all  --t.il  i:\  iiii; 
a:.'!  ''..•,:._  '.v.  ...  Mr.  Smith,  linn-- ell.  i->  -'.il  ;n  the  <-r;]i  i\  men!  n!  ^<n>cl 
h  e .  i  :  I  .  •  1 !  \  -. ;  i  .  t  i ';  \  a  n  i  i  1 1 1  e  n  t  a  I !  \  . 

ii  here  in    H.i].e\\e;i.    Mr.    lleiuv     (    rei-^er  u  a-  aire.ul) 

1:\  ill.  -    !.:!!.,    he  1!     \\  nil    i    let    k. 

i    I  .M     ;.!>  i\i,l   lie;;-,   h.u   .i  (   user,   l^lni   KMIU-.  (  ,, 


two  children,  his  father-in-law.  Thomas  Dorr,  his  wife's  sister,  Mar- 
garet -who  afterwards  became  the  \vit"e  of  U'illiain  Baker),  and  Joseph 
Heltebrake. 

Mr.  Mauic-  bought  a  farm  one-half  mile  north  ol  Tiffin,  on  the  state 
nuil.  where  he  also  worked  at  his  trade  for  seven  years  and  then  moved 
iMie  hall  mile  west  onto  the  farm  where  tlu%  family  now  live. 

\VhiK1  at  his  trade  he  did  much  work  tor  the  Indians,  shoeing  their 
ponies,  etc.,  and  they  esteemed  him  very  much.  He  was  well  acquaint- 
ed with  Red  |a<  kei.  Hard  Hickory,  (leoryv  Ilarriman.  the  Walkers 
and  Dennis's 

His  neighbor-;  were  F.rastus  Bowe.  lohn  Souder.  (reorLje  Stoner, 
llenrv  Kosenber^er,  l)a\id  Ki>don.  Bartholomew  Shaull.  David  Smith, 
|olm  l\oseiibcr:;er.  Hcnr\  and  William  Brish. 

Mr.  Manic  was  six  feet  two  inches  tall:  his  weight  was  about  two 
hundred  pounds.  He  had  but  few  .u'ray  hairs  when  he  died,  on  the  3151 
of  Uctober.  iXho.  He  was  a  (Quaker,  and  faithful  to  his  creed:  was 
hornet,  truthful  and  quiet.  1  le  was  the  lather  of  six  children,  tour  sons 
and  two  daughters.  Mrs.  Maule  wa>  born  December  i.(.th.  1X04.  and  is 
--till  living. 

i,|o  ikCi:   SI.OSSKR 

\\.i-  born  in  Washington  county.  Maryland,  in  1770:  in  i  Xoo  he  bought 
proper!)  in  lei'fer^on  county,  \ "ir.uinia.  lie  was  married  to  .Mary 
Painter,  in  Wa-diin^ton  county.  Maryland,  in  1805.  and  then  moved 
onto  his  land  in  Virginia,  i  -, 3  acres.  Thev  had  nine  children  in  all, 
four  _:irU  and  five  boys,  who  are  all  living  but  one.  Mr.  Siosser  moved 
with,  \\\-  lamily  t»  Seneca  county  and  located  in  Hopewell  in  1X^2. 
.\Ir-~.  Slossc'r  died  in  1X40.  a^ed  tii't\ -tliree  yc-ars.  and  Mr.  Siosser  died 
in  i's4.v  aue<!  <c.  veuty-lhree  \ears. 

r  i  IKK    .->  i  '  >  s  >  i  •  k 

I>  the  olde^l  -<>n  ol  lieorL'e  Slossc-r.  ,md  came  out  here  with  his 
lather.  He  was  born  July  i.jth,  1X06.  and  was  married  to  Isabella 
Mit<  h  -11.  in  Jefferson  county.  \'irurinia.  March  jSth.  1X30.  He  is  the 
father  o|  ';\  e  !,\  ;n_;  i  ii;li  irell  ' 

Mr.  Slo-srr  te!K  me  tliat  one  niiilit  in  March.  1X34.  a  wolf  made:  an 
attack  on  1  ;-  >'..•_.  and  when  Mr.  Siosser  came  up  to  the  combatants, 
the  wo',!  .  ::  the  do.,  and  made  t'or  Mr.  Siosser,  who  pii  ked  up  a  stick 
o:  wo.,.':.;uii  -:r'!.i  k  the  woli  a  hea\  \  blow,  which  felled  him,  and  was 


543 

over  tlir.-  rail  lenee  into    .1    bru^i    ii  •  i[i    h--    l»e«  .i:u  •  i-:it.i:i.;lc»l    and    .v.ii 
killed. 

I  >.u  :d  l'o\.  I'eter  \\  a_:ner.  A I  >raham  Miller,  I. noli  r.o_rart,  William 
Ri<  ketv  Samuel  Kime,  Joseph  <  >-!e.  I  lent \  ('reefer,  I. no!)  Km--. 
('har!'--  <'hane\,  (ohii  ('haney,  Kob'-ri  Shij.py,  l.iit^  Kime,  William 
Kitne  .mil  other>  were  nei_;hbor^. 


(  .line  to  llopewrll  in  Is  >v  <  M,e  !;nie.  wliiie  tie  \\.i>  u.iikir.j  on  tlic 
rn. ill  Se.uliii.4  iro:;i  '1'illin  to  1  o-,'.i  >ri.i.  ili.iut  one  h.iif  mile  li'Mn  !;.'.-<  utn, 
wliere  Mr.  II. ill  n<>w  l;ve^.  lie  met  .1  !>e.lr  mi  the  fn.icl.  \\h.»  ni.nle  tor 
I'.iw.i!;.  H.t\in_;  neither  .1  ^un  nor  .m  .i\e,  he  lieieinle.l  h:in^el!  with 
a  liiekorv  i  .me  he  h.i'l  lor  a  walking  -«ti<'k.  The  lie.ir  wa>  sei\  i  lo>e  to 
h:m.  and  1'iAait  ha\!!i_;  no  chanee  t>i  rm.  it  lu-i  aine  a  i;_!r'  \<>r  hte. 

I  le  beialu  >rei  1  the  bear    w:t!i    h;>   «  tub    in    ^'u  h   ^ 1  ^t\le  that  he  tame 

(lovsn,  anil  iKiwalt  killed  him.  Mr--.  Hawaii  ran  MJI  \\h:ie  tiieli^ht  wa> 
i;oin_;  on.  but  1  >awalt  told  her  to  -tav  a\\  a\  until  the  danger  be  over 


The  road  that  rnn>  irom  1  ;llm  to  I  o-tnria  wa-<  -ur\e\ed  a'.on_  .1 
rid^e.  and  mi  the  hi_;'iie->t  ground  that  run--  ea>!  and  \\  e>t  thr»'!_;li  tin^ 
town-hip.  A!"!-^  .in  thi>  r;d_;<'  and  on  the  bank>  oi  th.e  \\',ilt  i  reek> 
the  hr>t  >rM  ilement>  were  made.  Mr-  ea-»l  1  iraii'  li  oi  \\  i  >lt  i  ri'<'k  runs 
loii^itudnial  witli  tlie  ri\er  in  it>  ^ener.d  i  o-ir-e.  Near  the  >i  "ith.\s  e>t 
i  onier  •  >!  ->ei  t  ion  one  mother  brani  h  |iiit>  into  it  from  the  we-t.  Ne  ir 
tli  e  north  line  ot  sei  tioii  :went\  three  another  bra:i<  h.  o:  \\'oi;  .  re--k 
put-  i  nt  n  tin-'  ea>!  br.iti  i  h 

\V;!1    ir.i  --viM.ue  and  r'h.irle-  arid    loh.n    (  'h.uie      h...d  a   iea-e  .in    >»•<  - 


iai\  te  lr-l  -et'',er>  in  t 
.A  .,-A::~  th<  ou'liea-.!  .j-iar'ei'  ol' 
1  ,  !  1  It  1  o  1  1  !  h  e  I  ;  t  h  o  1  I  U  II  e  .  I  S  .-  (  . 


r  uk.  i 


:;.}.}  HI>IDKV     O!      SKNIA'A    COTNTY. 

year  <  >ulc  built  a  «  abin  on  his  land  and  moved  into  it  in  icS;:0,  in  April, 
and  i  It-ami  a  few  a<  re>  that  vear.  Thomas  (  )i,rle.  the  oldest  son  of 

V 

|o>e ph.  sa\s  In-  flit  tlie  first  tree  on  the  land.  It  was  not  much  of  a  tree, 
and  I'liom.is  was  not  much  ot"  a  bov  then.  Mr.  *  >gle  helped  to  build 
the  first  ^chool  house  in  this  township.  It  was  put  up  on  the  southeast 
ijuartc-r  of  the  school  section,  some  two  and  one-half  miles  troin  the 
<  >glc  piaec.  >prague  and  Charles  ('lianey  --plit  the  pungeon  for  the 
tloor  Mr.  (  hcnowith  and  John  ( 'hanev  built  the  stick  chimney. 
Abraham  Miller  and  Joseph  <  >_;le  put  up  the  doks  and  benches.  These 
were  none  ot  \  our  patent  benches,  by  any  means,  but  were  constructed 
in  tin-  manner:  Two  in<  h  auuer  holes  were  bored  into  the  logs  along 
tin.-  sides  and  sticks  driven  into  them  about  two  feel  long.  Loose  clap- 
boards were  laid  onto  these  sticks,  and  the  desk  was  done.  The  seats 
were  punucon  benches.  Mr.  ('heiiowith  was  the  first  schoolmaster  in 
the  township,  and  taught  in  this  M-'nool  house.  Reading,  writing  ;uid 
spelling  constituted  a  full  course.  Mr.  <  )gle  had  a  son  born  to  him 
while  lie  lived  on  the  Mills  place,  and  when  the  familv  moved  into  the 
new  cabin.  Mrs.  <  )^-]e  was  removed  to  the  house  ot  'Squire  Plane,  in 
Tittin.  with  her  babe,  to  remain  there  until  the  cabin  was  dry  enough 
tor  her  to  come  home  in  safety.  The  youngest  child.  Ilenj.  !•'.  <  'gle, 
was  born  in  the  new  cabin. 

When  Mr.  <  )gie  came  here,  two  years  before  the  Hart  familv.  Bar- 
tholomew Shauii  and  |olm  A.  Rosenberg  lived  further  down  the  creek. 
Nathan  Cadwalader  lived  up  the  creek,  in  section  thirtvTour.  The 
I>augherl\s  were  ai-o  here  then.  <  )ne  of  the  Duugherty  girls  was 
married  to  (ieorge  P. irk.  in  Tittin.  and  another  to  Samuel  Iloaglin. 

In  the  spring  ol  i^-'s-  alter  Hedges'  mill  first  commenced  running, 
they  had  a  -'>r!  o!  celebration  there.  Mr  <  >gle  and  William  Stripe 
h.iti  hcd  up  their  ox  [cam.-,  and  Mr.  Hedges'  o\-team  was  also  hitched 
up.  1  lie  women  got  into  the  wagons,  the  men  drove  the  teams  and 
walked,  to  the  mill.  Here  they  had  a  lunch  and  a  general  good  time. 
S  >me  washed  ihem.seive.-:  in  corn -meal,  ami  threw  meal  into  each  other's 
Ku  (••  I:  was  tun  ot  that  peculiar  kind,  but  nevertheless  a  cel- 
ebration. 

When  M:.  <»_!,    veltlcd  on  Wolf  <  reck  the\    lived  on  corn,  which  they 

•'  no    nearer  than    I   pper  Sandn-ky.       He   and  his  son.  Thomas. 

!'•••        :•  'rs'-b.  ii  k    'o    ihe    plains,  ,ind  bought    two  bags   full  of  corn,   each 

j  a  bag  betore  him       The    trip    took  two   davs.       I   poll    their 

return  ;'        on,  was  taki-n  to  Moore's  mil!,  near  Lower  Sandiisky.  to  be 

.  which  took  two  da\s  more.       I'poii  their  return  from 

th-    mill  :h.  three  bu-he!s   of  meal,    less    the    toll.      A  large  family 


MOI'KWKI.I.    ToWNSHII'.  545 

would  soon  ^ct  away  with  that  tjuantity  of  meal,  especially  when  it  was 
bread  and  dinner  for  tlu-in  all. 

In  the  tall  ol  iS.-f)  Thomas  ISrandt  and  another  Indian  came  into 
Obit's  ca!>in  and  wanted  bread,  lirandt  was  drunk  and  drew  a  toma- 
hawk t"  strike  M  i  >  <  >.Je,  imt  the  otiier  Indian  stopped  him. 

The  wolve^  \\ere  very  plenty,  and    one  evening    while    Mrs.   '  '^le  was 
milking  the  cows  near  the  i  ab;n.  a  lot  oi  them  <  a  me  <  1-  »e  to  her,  howl 
in.;,    wliii  h    M  ared    her   \ery    mueli.      t  )ne  evening  .i>  the  !iov«,  were  re- 
turning Irom    ^pellin.;    school,  the    v\olve-s  -ot   alter    them    and  !"llowed 
them  to  the  hou>e. 

Mr.  (  >_;le  dex  niied  to  the  writer  the  situation  »t  tiic  iirush  d.im  and 
-aw  mill  oi  >jiem  er.  and  the  old  tort  ami  stockade  then  st;l!  in  ^no<l 
t  -ondition. 

|ose]>h  <  >^le  was  born  in  I;rederick  city.  Maryland,  I'cbruarv  ;. 
i;Si.  His  lather  was  one  ot  the  proprietors  of  the  :<>wn.  lie  w.is 
married  t'etuber  15.  iSoi).  in  Mcclianii  stown.  lrederi(k  county.  Marv- 
land.  They  lived  on  the  old  *  >.Je  tarm.  in  Frederick  county,  a  vvh.ie, 
when  they  moved  to  Hagerstovvn.  where  he  kept  tavern:  then  returned 
and  bought  the  (  >_;le  farm,  sold  it  afterwards  and  came  \<>  Senei  a 
county. 

When  he  died  in  January,  iSo.j.  he  w.is  eighty  three  years  and  t-leven 
months  old. 

He  i  leared  i_;o  acres  ot  Kind  on  his  tarm  here,  and  raised  e:_;ht  chil- 
dren, two  havi:, Allied  in  childhood. 

Mrs.  <  )_;!e  died,  in  iS;'>.  eighty  seven  yi-arsoM.  Six  of  their  children 
are  still  living. 


CHAPTER  XXXV 

JACKSON  TOWNSHIP. 


THIS  township  was  organi/.ed  on  the  4th  day  ot  December.  1832. 
The  first  election  of  township  officers  took  place  on  the  31!  day 
of  April,  iX}}.  at  the  house  of  Abraham  Rinebolt.  Christian  Foster. 
|ohn  Stombaugh  and  Michael  Stahl  \vere  elected  trustees;  Henry  Hoff- 
man and  .Abraham  Rinebolt,  supervisors;  Samuel  Rinebolt,  Andrew 
Fcrrier  and  Daniel  Swope,  overseers  of  the  poor;  Enoch  Trumbo, 
clerk;  |onas  Hampshire  and  Jacob  Hollinger,  fence  viewers. 

In  1840  the  population  was  5X6;  in  1X70  in  had  increased  to  1,131; 
in  iXXo  it  is  i  .394. 

Henry  Hoffman,  in  1X27,  moved  from  Perry  county,  Ohio,  and  lo- 
cated on  the  >outhe;ist  quarter  of  section  thirty-six,  the  firs'.:  settler  in 
the  town-hip,  and  his  brother-in-law,  Abraham  Rinebolt,  came  from  the 
same  count}'  in  iXjX.  and  located  near  him. 

I'.noch  Trumbo  is  the  only  old  settler  living.  He  came  in  1833,  and 
located  on  section  twenty-two,  where  he  still  resides.  He  was  once 
<  ounty  commissioner,  and  is  highly  respected  lor  his  good  sense  and 
honesty. 

loiKis  Hampshire  located  on  the  northwest  quarter  ot  section  twenty- 
two  in  1X3-5.  lie  useti  to  take  a  very  active  part  in  public  affairs,  and 
was  a  leader  in  the  Democratic  ranks.  He  was  a  successful  tarmer, 
and  has  accumulated  a  handsome  fortune.  He  lives  in  Wood  countv 


)  settled  on  section  twenty-one,  and    is 
settlers    living.      (leorge    Stall!    came 
Hollopetcrs.  William  Noble  i  the  father 
d    Harrison    Noble,    the  present  mayor 
Yunker.     Robert  Shippy.  Henry 
nj,    lamil\",  Abraham    ( 'raun  i  who    is 


!A(  KsoN     lOWNsHir. 


547 


still    living  .    Joseph     Kn^lish,    Thomas    <  'hame,     (icur^c    Stoner   ami 
('hristia'n   1  o>tcr  were  annul.;  the  early   ^cttler->. 

Mv  _'ood  old  friend.  Hi-iiry  ^talil.  \\.ts  .1  boy  but  fourteen  yi-.ir-  old 
when  he  came  to  the  township  in  !>>;'>.  lie  ni.irneil  Kli/ubeth,  the 
daughter  of  |i)hn  Reinboit.  He  i>  one  of  the  m»-.t  substantial  nu-ii  <>i 
:!ie  township  ami  highly  respei  ted  tor  h;s  manlv  v  ;rtues  and  ev  client 
imminent.' 

|oh:i  I  ..imbruht.  I  rcdcrick  I'eble.  \\';l!i.ni)  \^h  .i:n!  "ther->.  were  ,I!M) 
I  '!"'  iiinneMt  i  :  t  i/eiii. 

l-.ii.ih  Hoi!,i|,e(er  l.ii-i  »'ii  the  t^wii  ••:  Reh')!...th  -.:i  tin:  ;:h«>t' 
I'eieinher,  i  S4-).  i"it  it  never  llntirisheil. 

The  iiii.iti'Hi  ut"  the  I..  \..  vV  I.,  railro.ul  h.i>  lirmi-ht  in.irke:  :»  this 
t"  •wn-.lup,  .uni  l.ii  k>on  >t.it:i)ii  i^  o\  ^n-.it  cn!iv'eii;e!ii  e  {•>  the  jieoplc. 
Some  ji.irls  id  |.n-ksnii  .ire  roliin.*  .ind  ^eniiy  iiinlui.r.  1114.  i'^it  tlic  l.ir^er 
portinii  wa-,  nv  eriiovvn  l>y  \\olt"  <  reek  ami  e\<  eediti.;  !y  umie-irablc 
on  that  aeeount.  The  settlers  entered  the  dry  and  IK->;  part>  and  the 
wet  i.ortion-,  could  find  no  purchaser-,  tor  many  \ear>.  l.\en  so  late 
a-  the  i  lo-e  oi  the  Mexican  war.  there  were  lamU  in  |a«k^on  upon 
which  A.  Rank,  a  Mexican  soldier,  loi  atcd  hi>  land  warrant.  This 
was  the  la^t  piei  e  ofjiiiblic  land  sold  in  the  county. 

The>e    swales    hindered    the    ]iro^re->>    o;     l.ukxm     main    vcar>,  but 
tmal'.v.  bv  judicious  ditching,    the   surface  water    is  led    away,  and   l.uk 
son  will  rank  amon^  the  be>t  town>hip^  in  the  (  ounty.  there  bein_;  very 
little  iand  Within  its  borders,  unproilm  tiv  e. 

11  U'r;son'>  i  reek  is  one  o!  the  tnbu'.  ar:e>  ot  \\  o  li  »  reek  . 

The  !<'iiouin_:  i>  taken  irom  the  hi>tory  o!  1'ostoria  and  vu  ;mty.  by 
I.,  U.  riioinas.  w:;h  his  kind  permission: 

In  !•-'._'  a  laru--  i'<>l\  n|  \\'  v  .ui'l'  >;  Imlian-  eanipdl  in  -Ia<  -k>i  <\i  ln\vn^liip 
.ih'l  rnua'j'i-.l  in  ilicii1  I'avni'itc  pursuit  »\  limiting:  U'anir.  'I'l;i-\  killi-.l  .-l.-xi-n 
ln-ai  >  anil  mil-  liini'li  i-'I  and  sr\eii  ili-t-r-..  ln-->iili-s  'aiu''  'jiian;  i;  i«-s  ,>\  ^mall 
urani''.  Thi-v  \\ric  remark.  id!  v  ijiiict  aipl  vvi-ll  i|i^p'>^ei|  ti>vsai'>ls  ;!n-  vv!nti->. 
Thi-\  tuiiiu'ht  I'Mtalin--.  e>'t"ii.  i'ir.,  lint  in  all  ihi'ir  I  ran>a'-l  i"ii>  vst-iv  pi-!  ici-t  iv 
hi  iiii-^t  .  ajpl  it  a  \s  hi!'1  tamil  v  vv  ;  -~lii--l  \-<  •_''•'  i  \>\  ><i  I  iiiiiaii-.  t  hrv  i  n  v  ai  ial'1  v 
;  ri'  ••!  t«  i  •_:>•!  t  in  -i  1  1  i  n  ili-h;  .  i  '  «r  v\  lieu  ;  lit-v  »]i:  c  -•  >\  aii  I  mi  ian  m*  l<  I  '!«-"l  I"  t  h<-m 
!ie  \viiii!d  iinl  eall  auaiii:  1'Ul  the  mainrilv  nf  tin  m  i-miM  in-\<  i  he  ;iplu<-.-i| 
In  _M  iniii  ilflit  .  'I'!i«-v  v\  i  n  i  M  pa\  up  |nm<-l  ualh  aii'l  ulti-n  !•!  ui^  p!  ••-••u'  -  nl' 
ili-rr  an>  1  I  iear  nn-ai  . 

rin-    lii-i    uii  .-:.)    in    the   I.  .\\nd.  .(.    u.i-    I.;,    -l.il.ii    I'.    i,..i  Tin 

lu'liah  .....  I  ii«  -"  '••  lii--  --I.'ii-.  ilii-ii  ki'pi   in   II1    'i'i|i.  an  1  L:-  '   ih-  i:  :  re  wait  r. 


r^8  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

|i;iss  the  cabin  of  Mr.  Xestlerode.  on  \vhat  \vas  then  known  as  the  island  anil 
bears  that  name  to  tin-  present  time:  the  same  farm  no\v  beintf  owned  by 
Mi-.  XeMlerode.  \\  ho  is  a  resident  of  Fostoria.  They  stopped. as  they  had  been 
in  ihr  hal'i!  i>I  doiiiL:  before,  hut  were  drunk.  There  were  some  six  or  seven 
iu  the  compan\ .  \\'hen  the\  arrived  at  Mr.  N'estlerode's  cabin,  they  were 
I,,,,  ih  link  1"  uet  0 ft'  their  ponies,  hut  Mi1,  and  Mrs.  Xestlerode  assisted  them 
t,.  dismount.  \\lien  the\  entered  Hie  cabin.  they  comnienced  upsetting 
chair-',  tallies  and  even  tiling  that  came  in  their  way.  They  were,  feeling  up 
I'm- the  iliM.r  \\  lien  a  ireiieral  tiu'lit  ensued  between  the  whole  party.  exce])t 
the  chiet'.  Tlioma>  Koon.  \\lio  was  sober. 

Their  >ealpinu'  knives  and  tomahawks  were  brought  into  use.  and  the  t'ain- 
il\  u  ere  frightened  :  the  children  treed  under  the  beds.  Dut  .Mr.  Xestlerode. 
h\  01  dei-  of  the  chief,  took  the  knives,  tomahawks  and  <jnns  from  them,  and 
their  bottles  of  tire-water  also.  I'.nt  the  chief  feared  trouble  when  they 
reached  tlieir  camp,  and  probably  fearing  they  nii^ht  return.  aske<l  Mr. 
Xestlerode  to  hand  each  I  ndian  his  hot  tie  of  lire- water  :  whicli  was  done,  and 
tlien  a»i>tin.ur  tliem  on  their  ponies.  the>  a.^ain  started  for  their  eanij).  but 
had  proceeded  but  a  short  distance  when  one  of  the  party  became  rather 
top-hca\  \ .  and  tumbled  off.  His  companions  halted,  built  him  a  lire,  and 
left  him.  and  proceeded  on  to  their  ramp.  The  Indian  who  had  been  left, 
returned  to  Mr.  Xestlerode's  the  next  morn  i  nir  with  his  clot  lies  badly  burned. 
and  when  asked  what  was  the  matter,  replied  :  "  Indian  too  much  drunk  : 
Indian  take  too  much  tire-\\  ater :  Indian  sleep  close  }}\g  lire  ;  lire  mucli  burn 
Indian,  but  \\hite  man  ^et  Indian  drunk,  then  cheat  Indian  much." 

(»nthe  next  day  each  Indian  returned  alone  for  his  property,  that  Mr. 
Xestlerode  had  taken  from  him  while  drunk.  Mrs.  Xestlerode  was  very 
anxious  to  L,ret  rid  of  them  as  soon  as  possible,  so  when  the  first  Indian  came 
she  brought  out  all  t  he  knives,  tomahawks  and  inuis.  but  he  only  took  what 
belonged  to  him.  and  \\  hen  each  one  came  he  could  only  be  induced  to  take 
hiso\\n  propertv.  The\  all  appeared  ashamed  of  what  they  had  done  the 
da\  before,  and  like  Adam  in  the  u'arden  of  Kden.  they  lay  the  blame  on 
some  other  person.  "Dad  \\hite  man:  sell  Indian  lire-water:  Indian  <j;et 
much  drunk  :  I  ndian  bad  :  \\hitemaneheat  Indian." 


T  T     A     r   T1  P  T")       V   V    Vr   T  1  T 

lAr  TEH  AAAV! 


L1HKKTY    TOWNSHIP 


i.   ;,  N.  K.  14  K. 

Tlll^  township  wa-  ori,rani/ed  «m  the  51)1    day    ot    |une.   i^^-.      The 
rir-t  election  took  pi. ice  April   i-t.   i*^.  when    the    following  per- 
-im-  were  elei  ted  a-  township  ott'u  rr>.  vi/ 

'I1,, !,!,.,. ,     .li.lni  I{..sfiilicruri>r.  1'A.iM  \V.  I'.i-uok.  .l;n-i)l>  Kaiin-. 
( 'ink     .l«'hii  '  'num. 

( 'nii>t;ilil«--i      Kin-it  t',niua\  ami  Ni'-hda^  l{u!iihaiiurli. 

MI)I.T\  i-M>i>     A'lain  I'Mi-ck.   I^aac   Ilarl-M''k.  .lann->   1 1  iiiNi'i;.  \.,-\  \  ( 'rj^x-y 
ami  -lo-i-i'li   '*•  t'"ii\va\ . 

In  iS.jj  the  population  u'-i^   i.oS.j:    in    1X70    it    was    i.ddS    an<l  in   iSSo 

it    i-     2,  t  :,'>. 

Ail  area  oi '  tu-arly    a    mile    wide    and    three    miles   Ion-,  in    the  north- 

ca^tern  par'    o!    tl:e    township,  is  one    o!    tho-e    ^toney    rid^'e-.    that    are 

!oMiid\er\     Ireqiiently  throughout    the    northwestern    portion    of  t  )!iio. 

I-i  ^o:ne  jd.ices  the  limestone    rocks   cover    the    -round  almost  entirely. 

I:i  ot':i--r  lo,  a';;t;e>.  near  the  rid-e.    they  are   strewn  le>s  thickly  and  the 

1  i:id  i-  •  'i'.:;\a'ed.       The    town-hip   ^eneraliv    is    tree    trom  -tone,  which 

>po'.  rather  remarkaMe  trom  a    -eolo-ica]  -tandpoin;.      It  ;- 

ui'.ii-i  \\  ;>        evrl     l>ut    very    fertile    and    undulating    in    >oine    lo<  alitie-. 

a:e   rai-ed    here   annualU.       I'he   we-'.ern    hran.  h    of   \\',.;f 


A  to'.vii  ':.,.<   •        M  i:n  •  of   M:.ddle!>'!i-.;h  wa>  >  :rve 

•  .-!,  ,,:  >    ;.•     ,.:„  r.   i  ^;j.a;id  on  -;  :i..n  ;i.n  -.      1 

•iied  1,\  1. 11  "'.i  k  I''!'.  I'he  town  in  -ver  Ito'il'.- 
i  )n  the  iJth  o:  \'['\'.l.  \~<'-,^.  |ohn  1'ic't-,  a  ver\ 
,  1  ,  ,ut  a  town  '  in  M-I  '  .on  three,  and  <  ailed  ; :  lie: 
L-  the  -urveyor.  i :  ;-  -'.Mate  near  '.lie  we-t  ii 


-  •  \  I  '    \    i  •  i  1 1  •  N  ! '  V . 

-lure-    .ui.l    -hop-.      The  large 

.  ,  1  li  ;-,;]•,(  --.      Since  the  location 

ne-s   ot'  the  town  has 

i\\;\\  •  in  '.lie  jn  rca-c.      Fine  brick 

.i--".ined  .{  very  busmess- 
,.•;,.•    ,.!    Ihimeru-It    >\    I'itus  has  greatly 

,,!h  da\   of  March.  1*55, 

,\  •  •-;  ci  Tiler  <  it  the  townshij). 

.•  1 .;  c  r  lilroad.      It  is  fourteen 

i-:;   I  rciiK  ml.       The  town  has  one 

\ariety.    one  grocery  and  pro- 

.  <  me  -In  >]i,  one    wa^on  shoj), 

..i\\   '!.  :  e  -team  L.TISI  mill.     There 

1'v  > ••>  ci  '  dred  inhabitants. 

-  [i 'live. 

1    I  u-,1  h.  ilic    1  irickners.  ( iassman, 

the     Robertsons,     John 

'     1  ott.    John     Powell. 

.    '  '  '    ' '   .   i  '•  '  nicy  /immerman  and 

: •<  M;>  tanners.      1  >aniel 

j    *•     '  -s 

i  Vs!; .  a    tire    broke    out 

' :  •  >yed    nine  room.-,  in 

'     v  :  i  .ODD.      Mr.    BeW>. 

M-i-          .  '       ir-x-   Schuster  and 


'he  <  ounty.  spending  the 
'•     I  ibertv  township. 

the   4th  ot"   Inly. 

''•     -  re   ^he    remained 

•  went   to   l-'ainield 

lienjamin  'J'urner. 

in  lie  \\'i-si  oi"  San  - 

1  ipal  buildings 

!'-.    I  '  idwalladers, 

.nid  <  i  ruffs.      She 

— -\.    and    knew 


Joseph  Jenay.  tin-  colored  cabinetmaker.      Crissey  was  the  blacksmith. 

In  tlie  summer  ot  i  \>o,  when  the  Seller. i>  prepared  lor  their  depar- 
ture to  the  west,  they  i  .line  tn  lf'ort  I'.. ill,  \vh.ere  they  camped  out  sonic 
tuo  or  three  weeks  .ind  made  s.ilc  ot  their  ponies  and  other  personal 
property,  (icncral  I'.rish  and  Mr.  Hart  went  with  them  to  the  west. 

Mrs.  Turner  also  recollects   the   e\<  itemcnt    o<  i  asioned   by  the   acci- 
dental drowning    of  Robert    Hums   and    Uatholoinew    Kinney,  who  at 
teinjited  to  cro.ss  the  river  to  the  Tittin  side  tor    the    purpose   of  buying 
a  yoke  ot  cattle. 

In  the  year  i  ^.vl  the  Turner  family  remo\ed  to  the  northeast  corner 
of  l.iberty  township,  where  she  still  resides.  She  says: 

\Vln-n  \vt- e;imi- tn  Kurt  Uall.ue  lioiitrlit  In  acres  t'l'iun  Smith,  tin-  tavern 
keeper.  \Vi-  paid  him  ^~{.>\  in  cash  ami  the  other  $>',  lie  was  to  take  in  ^ame. 
pas  inur  t:u  cents  t'nr  a  liiml-ipiarter  of  deer. 

To  Mr.  ('.  \V.  Harris  mv  thanks  are  due  for  this  statement. 


CHAPTER  XXXVII. 

LOUDON   TOWNSHIP  AND   KOSTORIA-THE    FOSTERS -MARTIN   KINGSEED. 


T.     2.     N.     R.     13     K. 

Till-',  commissioners  of  Seneca  county,  on  the  5th  day  of  March, 
iS^2.  organi/ed  township  2,  N.  R.  13.  into  a  legal  township,  to 
be  known  by  the  name  of  London.  The  fir^t  election  was  held  at  the 
hou>c  of  I'.eniamin  Hartley,  on  the  jd  day  of  April  thereafter,  and  the 
following  named  persons  we're  elected  to  their  respective  offices,  as 
follows: 

.lustier  ,)!'  tin-  Peace     Alint'f  Wade. 

( 'Icrk     John  Tennis. 

Trustees     PH'iijamin  Stevens.  PeterT.  King.  John  Rickets. 

Constable     Samuel  Carbaugh. 

Suprrvi.scir     P>enjamin  Hartley. 

( )\i-rserrs  uf  tin-  1'dur-    Abncr  Wade.  Nathan  Shippy. 

TivaMiivr     I'.enjamin  Stevens. 

l-'rnce  Virwn>     Nathan  Slii)>p\.  .lolin  I{eese.  .John  Sliiller. 

In  1X40  the  population  ot  London  numbered  763:  in  1870  it  was 
1.400:  in  iSSo  it  is  1.277.  exclusive  ot  1-ostoria. 

Hesides  the  oftii  er->  abo\  e  'lann.'d  there  were  also  Samuel  Bear,  Jacob 
Rumple.  Martin  Adams.  Philip  Henncs^y.  Robert  Rainey,  Jacob  l-'rnth. 
(ieor^e  Ileming.  Peter  1  ;.i)er-M  ilc.  Henry  Sheller.  l>avid  Young,  Conrad 
Rumple,  lainb  Kaiser.  John  ( iood.  John  Reinbolt.  Jacob  Dillon,  Thos. 
Ihllon.  the  Peter  Uimilies,  Jacob  Mergenthaler.  the  I-'i^hers,  and  others 
><  altered  over  the  township. 

(in  tlie  31-1  of  August.  1^32.  l\M-,\\cll  ( 'ro<-ker  caused  to  be  surveyed 
on  section  six.  oi  ilii^  town^liip,  a  to\\'ii  that  he  called  Rome.  David 
Rlsdon  was  tin.  surveyor.  In  1X40  it  had  a  population  of  So:  in  18^0 
about  300.  It  is  located  <>n  the  Port  |-'indla v  ami  Lower  Sandnsky 
state  read,  and  upon  the  Defiance  ind  Tittin  state  road,  where  it  crosses 
with  the  liiicyrus  and  Perrysbnrg  road.  It  is  twenty  two  miles  from 
1  remont.  fourteen  and  one-half  miles  from  Lindiav,  fourteen  miles  from 


juntos    lows-slur.  553 

Tiffin,  thirtv-six    mile-*  from    Mm  yru-.    twenty-five    miles   Ironi    I  pper 
Sandusky,  and  close  to  the  Ilamoi  k    <  ounty  line. 

A  few  days  after  the  plattin.;  of  koine,  on  tin-  <>th  «l.iv  of  September. 
iS^j,  |.  (ior-mh  caused  to  be  -uncyed  on  -,c<  t:on  one.  T.  -'.  \.  l\.  I--. 
in  lianco.k  county,  ami  on  section  sj\.  in  1. .MI. Ion.  another  town, 
wliii  h  he  named  alter  the  old  -ui  \eyor.  and  (ailed  ;t  l\i-don. 

Mr.  Ri-don  wa-  a  distinguished  pioneer,  and  i:  i-  to  In-  regretted  that 
some  spot  in  Scne<  a  .•oiinty  <  ould  not  have  been  Delected  to  perpetuate 
his  honored  name.  This  town  wa-  intended  to  aieumpli-h  this,  but 
failed,  as  we  shall  soon  see.  Mr.  l\:-d»M  \\-.i>  a  surveyor  \<y  prot'ession, 
but  otherwise  UM-nil  in  ht'e.  lie  wa->  a  tall,  --lender  man.  had  a  bushy 
head  of  ^ra\  hair,  a  lar^e  blue  eye.  well  projiortioiled  features;  stood 
about  six  feet  hi^h;  -poke  -low.  with  a  deep,  sonorous  voice  With  his 
pants  in  hi-  hi^h  top  boots,  in  hi-  Indian  hunting  shirt,  fringed  all 
around,  he  was  the  very  pi<  'tire  ot  a  pioneer  -ur\'eyor. 

Mr.  Kisdon,  ho\ve\er,  d.id  not  sur\'e\  tin-  town  alone;  he  was  assisted 
b\  U  il'ii.un  1..  i  lenderson,  ot  ll.ricoik  county. 

Henr\  \\elib.  leremiah  M;<ke\  and  John  1'.  (  iordoii  were  the  first 
settler-  here. 

In  iSa>i!  loinained  thirty  duellings,  one  church,  one  tavern,  three 
store-,  one  <  ardm^  machine  propelled  bv  -team,  one  foundry,  one 
tannery,  one  -team  -a\v  mill,  one  (  abinet  -hop,  one  wa^on  -hop.  two 
shoe  -hop-,  two  -add  hops  ami  three  b'acfc-mith  -hop-.  In  1-^50  its 
population  wa- about  ^oo.  It  was  a  po-t  town  also,  \\illiam  Thomas 
ben) _:  p'  i-tm.i-ter. 

\>r.  Marc'i-  hana  an-l  lM.  K.  (  .  (  'ap'.e-  were  ainoim  it-  inhabitant-. 
The  town  wa-  p!  itted  on  the  ea-i  brain  h  ot  1'orta^e  river. 

The-e  two  towns  o!  Koine  and  l\;-d.oii.  tin-  ailioinin^.  became  rival 
town-,  ami  i!  \va-  w:-e  wh.en.  \\\  i  ->-  |.  the\  became  <  on-(  uidated  into 
one  town.  ain!  named  in  honor  o;  i.ne  ot  it-  nio-j  di-t  Miu'ii-iied  earh 
>ettier-  (  'harle-  \\  .  1  >  •  -'  i .  (lie  men  haul  and  (ailed,  Ko-toria. 

I  ia  i.nin:r\  -iirroMn-;  i:_:  l-o-tori.i  ,-  r.«  h  in  a_;ra  ultural  resources. 
b'i;  witli.i!.  ::  i-  a-toni-'.:'.n4  how  :!,.-  to\sn  ha-  -prun-  up  into  •;-  present 
ma_.ni;n  en',  i  oj,r  lit  ;nii.  I  <  <••'.«:  .  i  .-  i  ap.>  li\  l>e»  OIIIIIIL;  I  lie  r; \  a!  .  >t  ;iil 
il-  ii'M_!i '  >o;  , ;;_  ; i  >\\ !:  ,  1  •  -  laiye  an1 1  numerou-  b  i-iue--  b'.oi  k -,  : ; - 
-pinidai  -ihoul  building-  and  chun  lies,  its  beautilul  and  numerous 
private  du  ::.._>.  i-\ii,li:i  ;n^  both  ta-te  and  c  ouitort.  it-  railroad-  and 
other  general  niproveinent-.  denote  a  mo-t  remark. il>le  decree  oj 
business  hie.  a:id  pvo\c  \}\,-  cner^\.  :ndu-;rv  and  the  nii-ntai  and  f;nan 
cial  capacity  o:  ;t-  i  iti/en-.  \  im  TOM-  .'..Jdit  iou-  Irr.e  -en  made  to 
l-'o-tona  ir  en  • ;  MI  •  '  i  r ;  MI  •.  -  i  '  ii  r  n  >  .v  th--  c  >rp  irate  lim,t>  einlira 


554 


HISTORY    <)F    SKNKCA    rOt'NTV. 


nearly  all  of  section  six.  extend  into  section  seven,    into  section  thirty- 
one  in   lack-on    township,    and    into    Hancock    county,  covering  about 

one  thousand  acre-,  ot  land. 

The  manufacturing  enterprises  are  constantly  increasing,  and  Fos- 
toria  is  decideilly  the  best  railroad  center  in  northwestern  Ohio,  except 
Toledo. 

The  Baltimore  \  Ohio  road,  the  Lake  Lrie  \:  Louisville  road,  the 
Columbus  \:  Toledo  ro  id.  and  the  Ohio  Central,  formerly  called  the 
Atlantic  ..Y  Lake  Krie  railroad,  pass  through  Fostoria.  The  Mansfield, 
Coldwater  AT  Like  Michigan  railroad  had  been  finished  to  this  place 
also,  hut  for  some  reason  the  iron  \v,is  taken  up  again  and  the  track 
abandoned. 

The  town  of  Rome  was  incorporated  by  an  act  of  the  legislature 
passed  February  igth.  1^51- 

John  F.  Morse  w. is  then  speaker  of  the  house  of  representatives,  and 
Charles  C.  Converse  speaker  of  the  senate. 

On  the  jd  day  of  September.  1^5, }.  a  petition  was  signed  by  William 
liraden.  Thomas  I'.rian.  11.  I.  Yosburgh.  \V.  Weaver,  A.  S.  Uernent.  F. 
F.  Robinson,  Ch.  I'.onnell.  John  (  ).  Albert.  Reuben  Brian,  I.  M.  Coe. 
John  \Vilson.  Oeorge  dear.  Lyman  Kittel.  Daniel  l-'ree.  Abr.  Met/. 
Robert  Doke.  F..  I'.ement,  L.  \V.  Thomas.  D.  1).  Miller.  IL  W.  Cole, 
lames  Lewi-.  I'mphrev  Fngland  and  John  M.  Stewart,  who  appointed 
William  linden  to  act  in  tfceir  behalf,  directed  to  the  commissioners  of 
Seneca  county,  praying  that  the  west  hall  ot  the  northwest  (piarter  of 
section  six.  in  London  town-hip,  may  be  attached  to  Rome.  The 
order  was  -ranted  on  the  j<l  day  of  January.  1^54.  and  Rome  and  Ris- 
don  thereby  became  one  town. 

Mr.  Stewart,  in  his  atlas  ot  Seneca  county,  speaking  of  Rome,  says 
the  con-olidation  took  place  in  i^o.  and  in  his  biographical  sketch  of 
Mr.  < '.  W.  Foster,  says  it  took  place  in  1X5;:.  If  he  had  guessed  half 
way  between  the  two  dates  he  would  have  been  nearer  right. 

The  a<  t  of  incorporation  ot  Rome  by  the  legislature  had  twenty-nine 
hum  sections,  and  gave  the  town  all  sorts  ot  municipal  power.  The 
town  would  have  been  ruined  by  taxation  had  these  powers  all  been 
e\en  iso  1. 

|oei  \Y.  VY'Uon  was  then  in  the  senate,  and  Jacob  Decker  in  the 
house  i  it'  re]  ircseiitat  ivc-. 

Tii-  early  -ettlersin  London  were  men  of  great  sagacity.  Thev  saw 
inthriieir  I  sture  'h--  we  dtli  tint  th;-  town-hip  must  ncces-arily  de- 
v-.'iop  irom  'lie  ri'  lines-  oi  ;i-  sod.  being  well  watered  and  timbered. 

In    i  -  )-.   ;'!.'         p'llation  of  the  to  \vn-hip  wa  •;  70  •:  in   i  S^o  it  was  i  .78  i  : 


in  iXoo  it  had   increased    to    j,.^;:    in    1X70  it  was   ,>.i.v>.  l"1'    "'>    ^hu  h 
'.7  $6  were  native  born;    iniss.iitis  i  ..277,  exclusive  ul  1  ostMiia 

Fostoria  ]ir«)|)t-r,  in   iS;,j.  h.nl  a  population  of  1.7  ;>        ^' v    "-'I    friend 
lar.i!)  (  '    Millhimc.  !'.-[.,  who  has  ju-.t  nn:>hed  his  work  a>   <  eiisiis  enu 
merator  »:   Fo>;.  iri.i.  makes  the  |ni|tiitati<>n  ot   I'ostoria  for  iS.Sj  [.<  num 
ber  "J.-45.   exclusive   <>:    l!u-    |)urtiun  in  Jai  ks.m    t,  uvn->!ii|i  and   llannxk 
<  ounty,  whirl),  lu-in^  added,  in.tkc-  I'u^tuna  pruj.cr    nunilifr  -|,i  i  i. 


It  is  not  onl\  a  remarkable  lad  that  here  in  America  the  best  men 
are  the  sell  made  men.  but  the  lad  seenis  to  be  the  result  of  our  peculiar 
form  of  uo\  eminent  and  the  iruit  ol  her  tree  institutions.  It  requires 
no  hereditary  title  here  to  become  distinguished  amon_;  men.  A  u'oodlv 
share  of  common  sense,  Ljood  health,  proper  deportment,  indtistrv, 
energy,  integrity,  all  well  combined  and  backed  by  a  reasonable  <|tian- 
tity  of  will  jiower.  have  enabled  thousands  of  men  in  all  avenues  of 
human  lite  to  outstrip  their  lellows  and  iva<  h  the  i;oal  of  both  fame  and 
fortune.  (Mir  beautiful  school  s\stem  and  our  higher  institutions  of 
learning  are  trul\  the  pride  ot  our  state;  but  tor  success  in  life,  an 
ounce  of  sound,  mother  wit  is  worth  more  than  a  pound  of  book  learn- 
ing. The  ureat  contributors  to  the  sciences;  the  plotting  calculators 
and  thinkers  and  searchers,  generally  die  poor. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  belongs  to  that  class  of  men  who.  when 
they  know  thai  their  plans  are  n^ht.  depend  upon  perseverance  for 

1 1  e  wa-  born  in  11  rook  Held.  \\  orcester  county.  M  as>,u  hu  setts,  on  the 
jist  of  November,  i  Soo.  Mis  lather  moved  with  his  family  to  western 
New  York,  then  sparsely  settled,  and  located  near  Rochester,  in  1X20. 

\  -entleman  b\  the  name  ot  |ohn  ( 'rocker  moved  to  Seneca  town 
ship,  in  this  county  ot  Seneca,  in  iSj.j.  Two  years  thereafter,  in  iSjo, 
Mr.  Foster  aUo  c  a  me  to  Seneca  township  ;o  >ee  Mr.  (  'rot  kcr's  familv. 
.in-1  c-sjiec  ially  his  beautiful  daughter.  Laura.  It  seems  that  there  had 
been  some  understanding  between  the  \oun_; .people  before  M  r.  ( 'rocker 
left  New  \  ork. 

When  Mr.  Foster  arrived  here,  he  lound  Mis-,  I  aura  i  n  bad  health 
and  took  her  to  the  Saratoga  Springs,  in  New  York,  wliere  she  rcunainecl 
some  time  and  was  restored  to  _;ood  health.  She  then  \  i  sited  her  uncle. 
lame-  Rii  hardsoii.  -A  ho  lived  some  th;rt\  miles  irom  the  springs,  and 
h'-p-  the  \oun.j  people  were  married  on  liie  ;'h  oi  Inn-1.  1^27.  The\ 
then  came  to  Seneca  and  li\ed  witli  the  (  'ro.  ker  tam;i\  .  Here  Mr. 
Fo,ter  worked  on  the  I. inn  oi  his  lather  in  law  two  \ears.  wlu-n  he 


--6  HISTORY    OK    SKNK.CA    COUNTY. 

moved  to  the  Wolf  creek,  three  miles  north  of  Tiffin,  where  he  had  160 
acres  in  section  eleven,  in  Hopesvell,  and  which  he  afterwards  sold  to 
(ieorge  Shedenhehn.  by  whose  name  it  is  known  to  this  day.  It  was 
then  all  in  the  woods  and  required  work  to  clear  it  and  found  a  home. 
Mr.  Foster  had  also  another  eighty-acre  lot  at  that  time.  He  sold  all 
his  land,  and  with  the  proceeds  of  these  sales,  he  and  his  father-in-law, 
who  had  more  means,  opened  a  stock  of  goods  in  a  cabin  in  Rome,  on 
the  same  spot  where  the  Foster  block  now  stands.  This  was  in  1832. 
The  business  of  the  firm  was  carried  on  in  the  firm  name  of  Foster  \r 
(.'rocker.  Ten  year.-,  thereafter,  when  the  concern  had  already  assumed 
large  proportions.  Mr.  Crocker  withdrew  from  it,  taking  away  merely 
the  amount  he  had  put  in.  and  leaving  Mr.  Foster  alone  in  the  posses- 
sion and  control  of  the  constantly  increasing  business.  Thus  he  con- 
tinued until  his  son.  Charles,  had  grown  up  to  nearly  man's  estate,  and 
who.  in  his  vouth.  developed  a  remarkable  faculty  for  business.  This 
feature  in  the  nature  of  young  Charles  was  inheritedand  then  improved 
by  education,  experience  and  practice.  It  sustained  him  in  his  suc- 
cesses when  he  became  ambitious  and  turned  politician,  for  in  the 
management  of  a  political  campaign,  from  a  business  standpoint,  Cov- 
ernor  Foster  has  no  superior  anywhere. 

In  1848.  when  his  son  was  about  twenty  years  of  age,  Mr.  Foster  took 
him  as  a  partner  in  business,  and  the  firm  of  Foster  <S:  Son  increased 
the  growing  fame  of  the  house  which  continued  thus  six  years,  when 
another  accession  was  made,  and  Mr.  Olmsted  became  a  partner.  It 
was  then  Foster.  Olmsted  iV  Co..  and  continues  so  still  as  a  grain  firm. 
The  store  proper  is  conducted  in  the  firm  name  of  Foster  >.V  Snvder 
Brothers. 

Mr>.  Crocker  died  in  1850,  and  John  Crocker  in  1854.  Thev  lie 
buried  in  the  Fostoria  cemetery.  Roswell  Crocker,  a  brother  of  Mrs. 
('.  W.  Foster,  is  still  living  in  Fostoria.  as  is  also  his  wife.  Sarah  Ann. 
who  is  a  daughter  01  John  Cooper.  FSIJ. 

Mr.  and  Mr-.  Footer  were  the  parents  ot  live  children,  of  whom  their 
son.  <  'harle-.  is  the  only  one  living. 

When   Mr.   Foster  started    here    in    the    woods,    tort  v-ei^ht    vears   airo 

'  O  O 

his  and  Mr.  ( 'rocker's  combined  capital  in  trade  did  not  exceed  Sj.ooo. 
and  the;:  annual  sales  not  S^.ooo.  The  trade  was  principallv  barter 
tor  skin^  and  furs.  The  house  now  has  a  stoi  k  of  about  S.So.ooo.  and 
their  annual  sale-  reach  near  Si  50.000.  Including  the  outside  business 
.it  the  linn  in  wool,  grain,  lumber,  etc.,  thcv  handle  over  a  million  of 
ca-h  annually. 

Mr.    Foster'-    manner   o!    business   was    ot    that    pleasant    and  manly 


Lori>ox  roxvNSHit'.  557 

character  that  won  him  friends  who  constantly  increased  in  number. 
He  kept  out  of  litigation  and  lived  up  promptly  to  his  (  ontr.tcts.  All 
this  tended  to  secure  him  the  confidence  ot  the  community.  Any  per- 
son who  was  able  to  secure  Mr.  Footer's  good  opinion,  could  get  credit 
with  him.  and  at  times  men  owed  him  more  money  than  they  were 
worth.  He  could  have  sold  out  hundred--  of  them  for  debts  they  owed 
him  at  the  time,  had  he  so  willed,  and  utterly  ruined  them,  very  many 
ot  them  are  now  among  the  substantial  men  in  the  country. 

The  house  ot  Foster  has  contributed  largely  to  every  enterprise  that 
was  calculated  to  build  up  the  town  and  country.  Their  sagacity,  fore- 
sight and  promptitude  in  business  have  not  onlv  stamped  their  own  in- 
dividualities upon  the  community,  but  have  also  inspired  others  to  enter 
prise  and  practical  business  lite,  so  that  now,  while  the  Foster  house 
enjo\s  its  great  wealth,  the  community  at  large  is  greatly  benefited  and 
in'about  the  same  proportions  to  its  constant  increase  in  wealth  and 
business. 

Mr.  Foster,  now  nearly  four  score  years,  is  still  enjoying  the  society 
of  his  wife  and  a  host  of  friends.  His  health  is  good  and  he  promises 
lair  to  become  a  centennarian.  It  is  a  pleasure  to  see  him  on  the  street 
every  day  engaged  in  familiar,  friendly  conversation,  cracking  his  old 
jokes  and  having  a  kind  word  for  everybody.  And  it  is  still  more 
pleasant  to  notice  the  kind,  friendly  ami  almost  filial  affection  the  peo- 
ple ot  I'ostoria.  young  and  old.  seem  to  entertain  for  him.  There  is 
something  besides  wealth  that  creates  happiness.  A  man  who  has 
nothing  but  money  is  poor,  indeed. 


\\  as  born  on  the  old  Croc  ker  place,  at  his  grandfather's  house,  in  Sene<  a 
township,  on  the  i2lh  day  01  April.  iNj.S.  In  1^54  he  was  married  to 
Annie,  a  dangler  ot  Judge  <  Mnisted.  ot  Fremont.  Sandusk\  county.  (  >hio. 
'Ihe:r  union  was  blessed  with  two  daughters,  (cssie  and  Annie.  1  It- 
entered  into  business  with  his  lather  when  he  was  but  a  boy,  and  is  still 
asscx  iated  with,  and  is  the  new  lite  of,  the  concern. 

In  1X70  Mr.  1-oster  was  elected  a  member  ol  the.j^d  congress,  from 
the  roth  district.  lie  was  re  elected  in  1X7.:.  His  atta<  k  upon  the 
San  born  contr.u  t  and  his  conflict  u  ith  <  leneral  I  Sutler  in  debate,  brought 
him  ver\  popularly  before  the  country.  lie  was  re  elected  in  1X74; 
and  again  in  1X70.  He  was  nominated  again  in  1X78.  but  the  district 
tuning  been  changed  and  made  so  overwhelmingly  I'cmocratic.  that 
he  was  defeated.  In  October.  1X71).  he  was  elected  governor  of  the 
state.  It.  at  the  ('hicago  con\cntion  that  nominated  (ieneral  llarfield 


558  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

for  the  presidency.  Mr.  P>!aine  had  been  nominated,  Mr.  Foster  would, 
undoubtedly,  have  been  nominated  for  vice-president.  The  Republi- 
can party  would  thus  have  put  into  the  field  a  ticket  more  formidable 
than  that  of  ( larMeld  and  Arthur,  to  say  the  least  of  it. 

It  is  a  fart  worth  recording  that  while  the  city  of  Tiffin  is  named  after 
the  first  governor  of  Ohio,  the  city  of  Fostoria  is  named  after  the  last 
governor  of  Ohio,  and  a  native  of  old  Seneca.  Excellent  likenesses  in 
fine  steel  engravings  of  both  these  illustrious  gentlemen  adorn  the  pages 
ot  this  book.  Let  me  say.  without  vanity,  that  I  am  proud  ol  the  co- 
incident. The  like  of  this  fact  will  never  be  written  again. 

Tiffin  is  the  only  county  seat  in  (  )hio  named  after  its  first  governor, 
and  while  this  history  of  Seneca  county  is  being  written,  a  native  of  Seneca 
and  one  of  its  most  honored  sons  is  the  chief  executive  of  the  state;  pre- 
siding over  three  millions  of  freemen,  forming  a  state  whose  resources 
for  wealth  and  human  happiness  are  inexhaustible;  whose  climate  is 
unsurpassible :  whose  intelligence  and  system  of  education  are  the  admi- 
ration of  the  age  in  which  we  live. 

MARTIN     K1NCSEKI). 

Among  the  distinguished  businessmen  of  Fostoria  is  also  my  esteemed 
old  friend.  Martin,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  and  I  am  only  conferring 
a  great  pleasure  upon  myself  when  writing  a  short  story  of  his  life.  We 
were  boys,  frequently  meeting  each  other  in  Germany,  and  before  we 

had  grown  up  to  be  men,  found  ourselves  in  the  woods  of  Seneca  coun- 
ty, where  we  have  fought  the  battles  of  life,  each  his  own  way,  as  best 
we  could.  Here  we  have  spent  the  morning,  noon-tide  and  afternoon 
of  our  manhood  days  in  friendship  and  mutual  regard  that  grows  warm- 
er as  the  evening  begins  to  draw  long  shadows  on  the  wayside. 

Martin  was  about  seventeen  years  old  when  his  father  settled  in  the 
woods  oi  Seneca  in  iHv>4.  lie  took  hold  ot  the  work  necessary  to  open 
up  a  clearing  and  starting  a  home  in  the  woods,  with  a  will.  Being 
endowed  by  nature  with  a  strong,  healthy  bod}'  and  a  head  of  his  own. 
he  sooii  made  himselt  usetul  all  around  and  worked  at  home  until  lie 
wa-  25  years  old.  Alter  the  death  ot  his  mother  he  started  to  work  for 
H'-nry  St.  |i>hr..  at  a  --aw  mill  on  the  river.  Here  he  remained  six  years 
in  succession.  !n  i-vj;  hi-  <  aim-  very  near  losing  his  lite:  a  large  log 
w  i  -  l)i- ing  roiled  into  the  mill :  he  fell  iu  In  >r.t  of  it.  when  the  log  rolled 
onto  him  lY'nn  his  i<-et  to  his  breast  ;md  back  again.  He  was  carried 
o'i!  nf  ;!;<•  iiii:!.  aparently  lifeless.  ]>\  |<>hn  Kerr  and  Mr.  McAllister. 


I  01  1>ON  TOWNxHir.  559 

This  was  on  the  21!  of  lanuarv,  ami  on  the  <>th  of  May  following,  he  was 
found  under  another  log  at  i  o'clix  k  A.  M.,  which  laid  him  up  tor  some 
time,  and  the  effects  of  which  tic  feels  to  this  day  1  le  ijuit  the  saw  mill 
and  looked  tor  lighter  work.  being  now  disqualified  to  do  hard  work; 
he  assisted  in  the  survey  oi  tlie  railroad  troin  Bellefontaiiu-  to  I'nion 
( 'ity  tor  nine  months. 

<  >n  September  17,  1X5^,  he  was  married  to  I'.lmira  Kmiiy  Noel  who 
was  born  lunc  i<>,  i  SJM,  in  Frederick  countv,  Maryland '.  and  located  in 
I'ittin.  where  he  bought  a  house  near  the  railroad,  mi  ('lay  street.  Here 
he  entered  the  -lure  o!  |ohn  (1.  (im»  a-,  <  !erk.  selling  hardware  ami 
studying  the  law-.  ot  trade  in  that  line  tor  s;\  years.  Then  he  traded 
his  property  in  Tittin  to  Mr.  (  1  ross  tor  a  stock  ot  hardware  he  then  had 
:n  Koine,  and  moved  tin- re  in  (  )ctober.  i  X^  s.  His  i-,  now  the  oldest  un 
i  hanged  mercantile  establishment  in  I  ostoria. 

Martin  was  born  .\o\etnber  n>.   iSi;. 

lie  is  the  lather  ot  eight  children,  tour  sons  and  tour  daughters,  seven 
of  whom  are  living.  Charles  Kd.viu  is  traveling  for  Messrs.  M(  Intosh, 
(ioodiV  Co..  Cleveland,  <  )hio.  I-'rancis  l)orwin  is  clerk  in  his  father's 
store.  Some  ot  the  daughters  are  keeping  house  tor  their  father,  and 
the  yninger  children  are  going  to  school.  Mr.  Kingseed  li\cd  very 
happily  with  his  family  until  on  the  ;th  day  of  February.  1^77.  when 
Mrs.  Kingseed  died  alter  a  short  illness  of  a  lew  days.  The  oldest 
daughters  are  young  ladies  now  and  seek  to  make  the  life  ot' their  hon- 
ored lather  as  happy  as  it  is  in  their  power  to  do,  but  there  is  that 
vacant  chair,  and  the  absence  <>t  that  mother's  smile,  which  always 
i  heered  the  whole  household. 

1  );;r:ng  the  twenty-ti\e  years  that  Mr.  Kingseed  has  prosecuted  his 
business  here.  1'ostoria  has  made  a  great  <  hange  and  made  more  rapid 
progress  than  any  other  inland  town  in  <  )hio. 

Mi<  haei  No,-',,  the  lather  of  Mix.  Kingseed,  died  Apr:!  i  i.  iS;o.  and 
\!  rs.  Noel  April  i  7.  1X7*. 

In  (  oii<  1'isioii.  I  \\.-h  to  aild.  that  m>  .  iti/eii  in  l-'ostnria  i>  more  i^eii- 
•  ralh  esteemed  than  Martin  Kingseed. 


\\  a  -.  born    |  anu.i  r\    .'  ;.    i  X  j  ;,  in  (  iallia  i  o;int  \  ,  (  )lrii 
u  ; :  i ;  1 ;  -  :  i  n  i  !  \    to  \\  ,  i . , ,  1  i  1 1 '  i  n  t  \  .  i  )  h  i  1 1,  i  1 1   i  .s  ;  _• .  \\  i , 

!o    111    Ull.ot  ,,  i.          Ill     I   -.l'i    !      •    i     I'll:      '  '  '     I    •  ist,  it  .  a.    'A  i. 


560  HISTORY    OK     SKNI-'.CA     COUNTY. 

practice  in  i  S6S  in  Tiffin,  and  opened  an  office  in  Fostoria.  He  was 
also  admitted  to  practice  in  the  courts  of  the  United  States  in  1878. 

He  wa>  married  in  1846,  and  had  seven  children,  six  boys  and  one 
girl :  all  living. 

It  seems  that  sometimes  the  muses  take  possession  of  the  thoughts  of 
the  Squire,  and  in  one  of  these  spells  the  following  poetical  effusion 
of  an  Indian  legend  on  the  Maumee  was  produced.  I  give  it  here 

with  friend   [ones'  note: 

FOSTOKIA.  OHIO,  March  4.  1SSO. 

I  >i:  \i: -I  r  IH.I:  :     In    reading   this    week's    installment   of  your   History  of 
Seneca  County.  I  found  you  had  got  (ieneral  Wayne  to   Defiance,  where,  in 
fancy.  I  suggested  the  theme  for  my  poem,  written  some  years  ago.  entitled 
THF   INDIAN   MAIDFN. 

A    LKOKNI). 
By  J.   V.  J(,m-s. 

In  days  long  ago.  in  the  depths  of  the  wild. 

When  the  woods  rang  with  shouts  of  the  joyous  and  free. 
An  Indian  maid,  with  the  voice  of  a  child. 

Fondly  played  on  the  hanks  of  the  pleasant  Maumee. 

n. 

"Twas  far  in  the  past,  in  the  long,  long  ago. 

In  the  days  of  her  mirth  and  youthful  glee. 
This  Indian  maiden  was  oft.  seen  to  row. 

<  )n  the  moonlit  waters  of  the  pleasant  Maumee. 

in. 
( >ne  pale,  moonlight  night,  near  the  smooth  Mowing  river. 

She  stole  trom  her  wigwam,  with   heart  light  and  free. 
To  meet  herdark  lover,  with  arrows  and  quiver. 

To  rove  on  the  banks  of  the  pleasant    Maumee. 

IV. 

1 1  er  bark  moved  in  si  lei  ice  on  the  dark.  Mowing  river. 

In  search  of  her  lo\er  so  anxious  to  see: 
NO  t  hoi  mh  I  for  a  1 1  mi  i  lent  that  he  would  deceive  her. 

As  >he  stole  near  the  banks  of  the  pleasant  Maumee. 

v. 

Hut  hark!    u  hat  is  that'.'  the  pale  face  is  coming: 
She  thought  of  her  lover:  could  she  warn  him  to  Mee  ? 

Hut  ihe  conlliet  was  sharp,  and  the  camp-tires  were  burning. 
Where  her  lover  was  slain,  near  the  pleasant  Maumee. 

v  i. 

Farh  \ear.  jiM  at  autumn,   when  the  ureen  leaves  are  fading. 

W  lien  the  soft  wind  -.  are  sighing  o'er  woodland  and  lea. 
The  pale  phantom  '_rho>i  of  this  Indian  maiden. 

I  •*  seen  near  the  banks  of  the  pleasant  Maumee. 


I.OfOoN    TOWNSH1!'.  561 

Squire  Jones  i  as  he  is   familiarly  <  ailed)  once  said  to  the  writer:    "All 
the  schooling  1  ever  had  was  attending   the   school  taught  by  the    Hon. 

Warren  I'.  Noble." 

\\  11.1  i  \M  :.  s,  n  \t'i  i  MSI-  KI.I  K 

Was  born  lannary  J<;.  i^s  v  -lt  l'"->toria,  (  )hio:  graduated  from  Heidel- 
berg college  in  the  (lass  ot  1*75:  studied  law  in  the  ottice  ot  Judge 
Seney:  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  the  spring  ot  1^77  and  hx  ated  here 

in   lannary.  i  S^S. 

U.I'.X  \\lil-.  K   HK<  >\VN 

>  Urown  i\  (iuertisev  ssas  born  in  I'erry  <  ounty.  t  )hio.  May  ^7.  i'\>2; 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  i.So.j.  loi  ated  firs;  at  1'errysburg.  Wood,  (  ounty. 
(  >hi».  anil  then  in  I'ostoria  in  the  fall  of  i^~2. 

U  1  1  II  \  M      I.    Kli  ,\:\ 

.  Kiub\  \  l'>c\er  was  born  at  Fairtield  county.  Ohio,  May  22.  iSi;; 
\\as  admitted  to  the  bar  in  iSfio:  located  in  I-ostona  in  1X07  and  is  at 
]  .resent  th.e  mas  or  •  it  the  i  ity. 

i    HA  KI.I   s    l.TI    KNSI  V 

,  Urown  \  (inernseyi  was  bom  in  Wood  county.  Ohio,  January  ^i. 
i>5>:  admitted  to  the  bar  Inly  11.  1X7^;  located  at  1-ostoria  immedi- 
ately therealter.  On  the  ^  i  st  lit  |anilai'\.  i.SSo.  he  was  married  toMiss 
M  ma  i  i .  I  li'i  >u  n.  ot  I- 1  isti  >r:a. 

!.    \I.     I'.l-  \  I  K 

l\:_b\  v\  I'.evei  i  was  born  1  )ecetnber  9,  i^;.;.  in  lalen  township,  in 
thU  i  oum  \  ;  -raduated  at  Otterbin  I  niversit\  of  \\'esterville.  (  )hio;  he 
u  t-  :i'!m;t'ed  to  pra<  lice  lavs  \pril  i  i,  iN;S.  and  immediatels  located 

'.-.   I  ii-inri.i.      11'    was  married    luly   i         i  S;.s,  to  M  :->  S.    |.   Kiu.:. 

i  >  \\  1 1 '  ii.   i  \  i  KI  i  i 

\\  .:  •      "ruin   I  raiiKhn  i  onnty,  (  >ino.  (•  ebruars   d.   |S  pj ;    vs  as  admitted  to 
i.;r    in    Oi  N.ber,  i  >7  i  :    ioi.ited    first    in    Kenton    oh,o.  then  in  1  os 
i   .n    I     7.1.       I  I  e  was  ele<  ted    ju--:  K  e  ol   the  pe.U  e  in    1  .^^S. 

I  o  1 1  \    i . .   i .  \  i ;  \  i  -, 

•on;   i'n    Mahoning   counts.    (  >hio.   lune  j:.    iS.pi;    ad.mitti-d  to  the 
.  i  r  M  .'.  s    ;.   i  -'7  . .    1  in  ated    In '-!    at     I  etoiua.   (   olumbiana  count) .   l  >hio, 
.   i  s-  n   |-..-ioria  <  ><  tober   i.S.   i  ---. 


q()2  HISTORY    OF    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

DAM  D    HAYS 

\V.i-  horn  iVccmber  i<).  iSi<),   in    Heaver  couety,  Pennsylvania;   admit- 
ted to  the  bar  in   i<Sf>oand  located  in  Fostoria  in  1837. 

ros'n  >RI  \  ACAI >i:\i  v. 

This  institution  is  in  charge  of  the  conference  of  the  I'nited  Hreth- 
ren  in  Thrift,  in  northwestern  Ohio.  At  their  conference,  held  in  iXyX, 
the  Mibject  ui"  locating  an  a<  ademy  somewhere  in  northwestern  Ohio 
was  suggested,  and  the  Rev.  I>aac  ('rouse,  a  minister  of  the  order,  re- 
siding in  Posloria,  urged  the  propriety  of.  and  succeeded  in  having  the 
Academy  located  at  this  place,  on  condition  that  Fostoria  will  sub- 
scribe and  pay  SJO.GOO.  or  furnish  suitable  buildings  and  grounds  for 
-IK  h  purpose:-  to  the  value  of  Sjo.ooo.  The  people  subscribed  the  re- 
quired >um.  (iovernor  1-  'oster  assuming  one-fifth  ot  the  whole  subscrip- 
tion. '1'hereupon  the  conference  met  and  appointed  the  following 
boards,  vi/: 

Tia'STKKS. 

President      Rev.  1 ..  Moore. 
Viee-President     Rev.  I).  R.  Miller. 
Seeretarx      Rev.  Isaac  ('roust1. 

Rev.  A.  Rose.  Rev.  A.  l'owt-11.  Rev.  S.  .] .  Ilarbaiigh.  (lovernor  Foster.  M. 
Salt/man.  . I.  M.  Hever.  R.  ('.  Heunett .  .Jesse  Uower  and  J.  U.  Oberliolt/er. 

K\ i-:( TTI \  !•:  c< >MMITTI-:K. 
Rev.  A.  Ruse.  Captain  F.  R.  Stewart.  M    Salt/man..!.  .M.  liever  and  Jesse 

l'x  >\\  er. 

i;n  I.DI\(.  COMMITTKI-: 

Rev.  A.  Rose.  Cai>tain  F.  R.  Stewart.  Rev.  R.  French.  X.  Salt/.man  and 
.1.  M.  i'.ever. 

The  architectural  design  of  the  academy  is  very  creditable,  in  fact. 
beautiful,  and  a  great  accession  to  l-'ostoria,  indeed.  The  board  of 
trustees,  at  their  late  meeting,  commended  the  executive  and  building 
committees  tor  their  good  management  and  economy. 

I'hc  M  hool  was  begun  in  the  lall  ol  \&~<-),  with  about  sixty  students. 
P'-nding  the  completion  of  the  academy  building,  the  executive  com- 
mittee rented  the  old  I.  ninn  school  house,  where  their,  school  was  con- 
tinued lor  one  year.  The  next  session  will  open  in  the  academy  August 
;i.  iSNo.and  promise^  to  be  well  attended. 

]  .M  i  i.  \'\  . 

Prinripa!      Rev.  \V.  T.. Jackson.  I'll.  I).-   Language  a  ml  Higher  .Mathematics. 
lli»t'ir\  and   l^ii-li-h      !•:.  I..  Sliuc>  .  A.  I!. 
M-j.-lire  ami    M;illii-|ii;Mii-s       Mrs.    I..    A.    Mlicklili.    I1,.   S. 
I'i'iii'  '.pa!  ( '' 'ninii'rria  |   i  (epai'tlneiil      l{e\  .   I.  (   n>u>e. 

"•al  and  lii>(niiiieiii;d  Mn-ir     A.  \\ .    Kflle\.  M.  A. 
I.!1'] 'a'  MM      I-;.   I..  S|iue\  .   A.   1!. 


1 1  >\\  NSII1!1. 


luM  i>l  .my  school  house-  ill  ii'>r:h:-ni  <  >h:o.  1'iir  I  :i:on  >«  hooU  ..t 
I  ''osiotia  an-  :i!tik-r  tin-  <  arc  *>:  an  <-!li«  n-iit  i>".ir«l  «•!  ii::ri  tiu^  aiiii  '.I:-- 
>'i)HT.n!c!nlcnt  is  nin-  "I  tin-  ili>;ni^ui>lH'i|  i-il-n  .i!'H-  «'t  '  )h:«i. 

\ uinl'iT  i'l  I'hiMi fii  finiiiii-rat i-.| .  .  1  ,n|  I 

•  •1H-..IU-.I ..-     ''--'I 

Uia\il.i_r«-    lii<>!i!lil\   .tt  II-IM  iaii'-i-    .     .       ..     •'<•••'• 
in         "          ilai!>  i-  • 

in  the  t'at!i.>!ir  •,.•! ! TU 

rin-  M  |i,i  ,i  ^r.. -iii.U  riniira-,  c  :    Hijii 

-Tr'-:.  M)<:  ui  r<-  \>\i\'>  ha^'.'<!  at  a  i  n>t  '>:  >;.;  o.  I  In-  ir::':'i;n_'  u  i>  j.'it 
•;;.  a'  an  i-xju-nsL1  i  >1  S  J.'o  J  >.  Tiio  lu\iVin^  a]  <\>  ira'.u--  aiu !  I'lirnit  nrc  i  »--t 
alii  i' it  S  ;. .-  -  S  } 5.0:0  in  ail. 

The  fulh  i\vin^  m-ntlrnicn  ron^titutc  tin-  jirocnt  ^«  ln>nl  li.iaril: 

I  'rt-^iilcnt      K.  < '.  ( 'ai'lf>. 

Si-cn-iai  s      *M  inji^i  in   .!( iiic-~. 

'ri'i-a^ni'i-r     .l"hn  1!.  \\  ilki-M'ii. 

U'illi.iin  II.  <.ra|>r>.  A.  s.  \\'illiani^  aii'l  .1.  !•'.  Kii-hart. 

i  \-TI:  i  i   i  "i:-. 

-  \  i   \  i:  »  . 

>u] ii'i -i ! i i.-ii< It-iit      I-;.  .1 .    I  Iartlt-\ -1 .  l< K i 

T.-jii-h.-r  in  MIL').   >i-lii.i>]     ('.  T.  Aliliiitt 

A  »i>tant  li-ai-ln-r  in  1 1  iu'li   ->i-ln  » >l     Tina  Tin  >ma^ .".}_' 

Tf.ii-ln-i'  in  I-'i  i  ^t   I'ri  ma  r\  ^-\\<  «\\     .l,iinr>    1 1  a  \  -. |u."( 

A  --Mant  1 1 -a« -h' -I'  in   |-'ii  >t   I  'riiiiar>    -^-hi  •«  <\      |-aniiia   1 ..   Ma) :",]•> 

Ti-ai-ht-r  in  ( iraniinar   -M-!I«H.I      A  .  II.  I  la  \  ^ :;t'ii 

-i.i  i  i\ii  i'i;  i  M  \  i;  \  . 

-  \  i .  \  i :  ^  . 

l\  \\     I ',..!,•>    >:;«MI 

Ka;«-  <  )u  t-n    .:IHI 

I !  1 1 1  n  i  i   ^  1 1 .  i  u     .  :t  M  i 

\!a;\  t, .. nl. -n  :-.IHI 


.564  HISTORY     OK    SKNK.CA    COUNTY. 

Mr.  John  Audi's,  tin-  owner  and  bulkier,  is  a  native  of  Seigelbarh, 
near  Kaiserslautern.  in  the  Palatinate  of  C.ermany,  where  he  was  born 
Aumi-t  14.  iS-;.  Hi-  came  to  Tiffin  in  1852  and  established  himself 
in  the  carriage  lui-ine--  in  Fnstnria,  in  iX(>o.  In  iS(>2  he  was  married 
to  Mis-  1'hilipina  Keis.  lie  is  a  fair  specimen  of  a  self-made  man. 

OTHKi:    I  N  IM'sTK!  1>  <  '!'    InsHUMA. 

Dr\  uoods  Fostci  'A:  Simlcr.  Weaver  A:  Adams.  L.  J.  Ilissong.  C.  I).  Scott 
A:  Co..  IJ.  F.  Fosty. 

Clothing     .liilm  WaLTiier.  .1  .  F.  FiismiiiLVer. 
Haiduarc     M.  Kin.  --seed.  X.  I'oitsACo. 

Sto\  c-  and  tinware  F.  H.Stewart.  D.  S.  Boyd  A  Co..  H.  A  Icott  .  Seliat/ell 
A  Faulhal'cr. 

<  ,rocerie-   ami    }<r<>\  isioii-     I!.    Crocker.    .V.    IJurtelier.   James    (^uinii.    S. 
Starn  ,V  Son.  I.  N.  Mickey.  .lolm    Leidiart.  S.  (  ).  Sl.isser.   (..  A.    Fall.  D.  M. 
Sn\der.   d.  A.   Shrc\.   M.  }•'..    Mor.u'an.   \\'ilsni]   IJrntlicrs.  Win.    Fisher,  .iolin 
(ioilf'rey.  I'lcami^li  <V  McCarthy.  Weisban.u-li  »V  (  i  nernsey.  .1  .  <  i.  Slrawman. 
U.ikeric^     (i.  A.  Fall.  .James  (^iiiiin,  \\"m.  Fisher. 

Di-iiu;  stores  Kslielman  \  I  lai'liauu'li.  Cliarles  Hays  \  Co..  Friteher  iV 
Shaiil'dln-rn'cr.  Mus-ctlcr  \  U'olt'e. 

'1'lierc  arc  also  li'  >a  loot  is.  '•'>  hi]  Hard  moms.  I  meat  markets,  i!  lloiirinir  mills. 
i!  -a  \\  mill-,  i!  plan  MIL;'  mills,  i  ^pokc  t'acl  or\  . 
Cu  nil  in  phalli  \  (  'o.  emplo\  L'.")  men. 
riii-  Fosloria  Stave  and  IJancl  (  'o.  employ  .">•">  men. 

l-'oimdric-  and  maeldiie  works     1'orts.  Manccka  iV  Co..  T.  l">.  Jacobs.  Doe, 
|-:\enheck  \  (  'o. 

\\"a^on    and    carriage    works     I!.  M.    Myers.    lolm    Andes.  \\'m.    Meru'im- 
tlialer.  llilhard  \  Until.  Frne^t  \  Dale.  A.  T.   McDonel.  Dt.keA:  Krsit,'. 
FoM'Tia  \n\cii\    \\"ork>     'Filmic  \    I'.owcr.  proprietors. 
Ci-'ar  inaiiiilacl  nn-ix     !•'..!.  K  iniiaiiiaii.  I-'rcd  Sclmlt/. 
He>taurant>     Lmi.  Cniiiiinirluiiii.  I-'.  II.  dihlions.  I!.  Cooper. 
I  >i-nti-i-      I  \v.  <  '.  I-;.  Da\  is.  ||i,  \\cll  \  <  )  I'.rien. 
Hank-     FotefiV  Co.    ('    W.  Foster.  C.  Foster..!.  F.  Wilkinson  . 
Flc\ator>     IMI-ICI-.  (  >lnisted  tV  Co..  IJrowii.  Xichojs  ».V  <'o. 
l.i\i  r>  >l;dilc>     Daniel  \\'.  Mns>er.  T.  C.  llcilman.  S.  .1.  Kint/. 
Ha'  k  line-     |{.  K.  Smith.  Doke  \   Krsijr. 

Andc-  <  )p,.|-a    HOII-C      1".    D.    Kin-'srcd   ,V    Co..   lessee-:   7-"U  seats;   foldinu' 
opiTa  chaii  -:   -i/c  o|'  -tau'e.  :;(i\t;c,  |Vet. 
l.il.eitN    Hall     <e-|ls    Inn. 

i  ie-      I  \\  adncr  A   Williams.  D.  I'.  Ia'o\d. 
Fin-  I  >''pa!  inienl     C.  ]•'..  I  >a\  i-.  chief  eiiirineer. 
l-'o-p-J-ia  Ti'e  \\'ori<-     (  )\  ci'liolt    \  Co..  proprietors. 
•''•'>'>  ^MiiiiiiV    Sclianrellier.ii'ei'.    F.    l-'islier.    M.    M  nel  ler.  Sam  lie! 


VHP;  >\   Norris.  I..  J.  Hi-s. 
\    :,.  •;.  T.  C.    S;miiion>. 

-lio|;-.   7    in-iirani'c   agencies,  n  tailorinii   estali- 
!•!••  \\nrk-.  !    hi'.i--    band.    I    cumpaii\    l.iu'lit    (riiards.  A.  M. 


I.OIIMIN      |ii\VN>Hll'. 


y'5 


Ma-oni'-.  (  )  |.l     l-V|!o\s-.    l\Mi'_'lil-    nI'    IMIii.i-.    Kni-lit-    "I"    I  l"ii'  'I  .  <  t  laml 

Anu\  ..I'  tin-  K'-piiI'li'1. 

ii"  i  i.i.-. 

Ha\-  HMU-.       \V.  II.  i  .rap---.  proprirloi-. 
Ko-toria  ll»u-f     .I.f"li  I'.i-'U.   proprii-tor. 
Cfiitr.il  !l"i"l     -Mouri"-  l-.-nha:;.  piMj.rici.ir. 
Aiui-ri'-an  ll"ii-r      I  ',-[>-v  MIIHHH-.  j.r.i|.rirl-.|-. 
Hal.'  llmi-M-     Kan  lall  Hal.'.  |>r. >pi  i.'I«>i . 


M.  I-!.  Chmvli      K"\  .  S.  I..  i;.-i!«".   |i;i>ti>r. 
Kir>t  l'ri--.h\  (••rian     \lr\  .  .]<  i-i-jih  A.  1  1  u_r!n--.  |ia-lur. 
>i,  \\'ri!'llinu-.  ('  nlinlir     |J.-\  .  M.  Ani<i!.|i.  [lastnr. 
I'nilr.l  Mn-lliivn      1J''\  .  !•!.  A.  >!ai'k'-\.  |.a>lnr. 
Knurli-li  ir-I'iiriin-il      K"\  .  I..  ra>-rlm  in.  pa-l'M-. 
tirriiian  l.iiiln-raii      l{i-v.  <'.  A.  .1.  I'raim-i-.  jia-lnr. 
I'r.)t«-lant  M'-tln-'li'-I      \i>-\  .  I'..  H.  Si-at.  pastor. 


('.    K.  Sialt-\.  Aii'lrcu    \V  i-.-inaii.  Na!liaiiii-l  Ta\  lor. 

|{.  ('.  Capl.-s.  ('.  K.  I-'crris.  .1.  \\'.  (.riiliih. 

.la-.  I.«-\\i>.  A.M.    I'.larUiiiaii.  .1  .  S.   \\'aMin-. 

(}.  \\'.-Uli.  .Iain.--  L.  Mi.-ki.\.  \Vr>|.-\   Ilra.ll.  n'd. 


\\  .  M.      It.  <  .  I'apN-s. 
S.   \\'.     .la-.  L.-wis. 
.1.  \\  .     (  ).  \\  .-!-h. 
Tn-a-iuvr     .1.  I..  Mi<-k>-\. 

Sfrlrlai'X         II.    i  ..    I  'aplr-. 

S.  D.      A.  M.  I'.larkinaii. 
.1.   D.      I'.   1>.  Tapl.--. 
'IMi-r      >ainin-l   !>a!c. 


:;()(>  HISTORY    OK    SKXK.CA    COUNTY. 

The  Indue  is  in  a  flourishing  condition,  with  a  present  membership  of 
ninety-eight. 

The  following  is  the  calendar  and  list  of  present  officers  of  the  lodge: 

(    ALKNDAK. 

Stated  communications  in  Masonic  Hall  on  the-  first  and  third  Mondays  in 
cadi  month,  as  follows  : 

.I.i i man •">!'.'     May ."-17     September <>-i!0 

I-Yliruar> -   l';     .lime 7-L'l     October 4-ls 

Mareli 1    I")     .1  nl\ •">-!!)     XoYember 1-1  ~> 

April •")  !'•'     August iMH     December (>-L!<I 

Installation.  ISM>.  January  •">.     Flection.  Xovember  1.     Installation,    issl. 
-iaimary  .".. 

(  Mticers: 

\V.  M.     F.  -I.  Schanfelherger. 

S.  \V.     .1.  \V.  Schanfe"lberger. 

.1.  \\  .     ('.  \V.  Thomas. 

Trea-nnT     S.  ( i .  Malon\ . 

Seci'etarx      A.  M.  1  Mldine. 

S.  D.     (  ).  \".  \Vo,.d. 

.1.  D.     Samuel  Dale. 

Chaplain     ('.  10 .  Davis. 

Marshal     .1.  -I.  Worman. 

Ste\\ard>     S.  I-].  .\e\\coinb.S.  K.  Hale. 

T\  ler     .1 .  ( '.   Springer. 

Finanee  Coinmittee     \V.   D.   Hobbins.  .1.  P.  De\\'olfe.   I-].  .1.  ( 'nnniiiLzhain. 

(irievanee  < 'oinmittee     .1.  A.  Uradnei'.  ( '•.  \..  Iloeuv.  F.  H.  Stewart. 

lOSToRIA     l.iilic,!.     NT  \IliKR    <S6,     KNI'iiriS    01      PYTHIAS. 

InMitMicd  Inne^jd.  1^75.      Twenty-eight  charter  members. 
1-  irst  oftii  ers: 

1'.  I '.  and  1 ).  1 ).  ( ..  ( '.     John  .(.  \Vorni;. n. 

( '.  ('.      David  <  Hi-ntt. 

\".  (  .     ('.('.  ^'olm^•. 

1'.     .lames  M.  Cliamlierlin. 

K.  of  I,',  and  S.     X.  I'.  l{obbins. 

M.  ut'  I'..      \\  in.    Lo'/an. 

M.  nf  1'.     >ini"on  Vnnt. 

M.  ;il   A.     (.eorire  Knos. 

I.  (-.     S.  r.  Ki>cr. 

(  ).  ( ,.      1'eicr  i  'n-licl. 

1're^ent   number  ol  members,  forty. 
I'reM  T   otVii  ers: 

D.  !>.(..(.     -I.  A.    Noble. 

I'.  * '.     I,,  i  i.  Ma— etter. 
«'.«'.     MI,-<  -  Sinit  h. 
V    <  .     <.  1  .  KIMT. 


i.ornos    louNsiiir.  ;6- 


I'.     William  II.  II.  Williams. 

K.  ot  |{.  ami  S.     < 'hailo  K.    Uut.t-n. 

M.  uf  I-:.     William  D.  K.iM.iiis. 

M.  "f  F.     N.  I'.  |{.>l.!.iii*. 

M.  at  A.      IVt.-r  I>eiini>. 

1.  (..     John  True. 

<).(,.     T.  1..  Mroun. 

Trustees     .lolm.l.  Woiman.  Alon/o  Fnierine.  Frank  Cap 

Meeting  nights  Tiii'sdav  ul  i-.u  h  week. 


Instituted    luncdth.   iS^o.      Numhrr  n!  i  hurtrr   nu-mhcrs,  fnr. 
Naiiu-s  'M  ottii  i-r»  \vlu-n    instituted: 

I'.  <  •  .      Samuel  (  tee. 

N.  (..       D.   S.    I.llee. 

V  .   <  i  .       >ill!i>n     !'•!  irker. 

UeeMnliiiLT  SecTeta|->       (  '.    Welsli. 

Trea^ui  -el-     .lu-M'pli  1  laine>. 

I't'e^ciit  numliei'  ni  mcinlicrs     July   IM.   iS-o1.   100. 
N  .inu-s  > '!    present  i  itt'n  ITS: 

I'.  < ..     -Inn.  Y.  ( 'alalian. 
N.  (-.      I..  .1.  1-Mielman. 

\'  .  (  ..        1  >.   <  .elllM'lV. 

Keen]  1 1  i  1 1  •_;    <ec  rd  ar>        halliel     1  I  II  ll^eekel". 

1  Vr.  Ser|-4-tar\      Mail  in  Ailam^. 
Treasurer     .li-hn  \\'auiier. 


A.  <  ieur^ia. 
Samuel   I'iu  inu. 
.1 .  ( '.  Springer. 
W.  .1.  Seiple. 

The  !' >'ilr>\\  in^  i>t(i(  ers  u'ere  then    installed: 

('.   I'.      <.   I'].   Hair. 
>.  \\  .     S.  (,.  Mal'.ns. 


()S  HISTORY    01-     SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

Scribr     ( i .  A.  Knight. 
Treasurer     .lului  \Va<_rner. 

li»|OKlA     I'OUN'CII.     NTMIll.R    <>S.     ROVAI.    ARCANl'M. 

Instituted  March  jgth.  iS;S.     Twenty-four  charter  members. 

first  ntticcrs: 
l\fLi-f  lit     ( iforgf  I,.    I  loegf . 
Vice  IJr-ent     I,.  D.  Musscttt-r. 

i';i>i  iifjri-in    c.  I-:.  Davis. 

( irator    •).  W.  Si-liaiil'dlnT^ci-. 

( 'ollcctor     '['.  M.  ( iarrixni. 

Si-ci't'tar\      1  >.  K.  Si  incr. 

Chaplain     A.  T.   M«-I  )(,nf]. 

( i  iiiiit-     \..  ( i.  \N"iHiains. 

\V;n-tlfii     D.  Asii'c. 

Scniry     M.  Smith. 

Trustees    -I.  A.  \Vooir.  I'.  T.  Norris.  \\".  II.  IJamiistrr. 

l'rc>cnt  membership,  twenty-eight. 

Meets  the  I'irst  and  third  \Vednesday  evening  of  each  month. 


I;ol  low  ing  is  a  list  of  officers   for  present  year: 

<  'nmiiiamliT     A  .  NVcavcr. 

\'ict- Cominandcr     \V.  I).  Kohliins. 

St'rn-tary     .) .  T.   \  nut. 

I'ast  Cmiiiiiainlfi-     U.  Alcntt. 

<  'iillcctur     T.  M.  ( larrisun. 
(  )ratur     (..  \..  Iloruv. 
Cliajilain     S.  I.,  l.i-ilcr. 
Treasurer     T.  S.  ( in-cn. 

(i  nil  It-     .1 .  .1 .  IJrf  inin.u;. 

Warden     Daniel    1 1  unserker. 

Sent ry      llandall  I  !a|e. 

Ti-u^tt-es     .|.  K.  [lirharl.  John  Nnlile.  .Idlm  I-\   Heilniaii. 


i  ^.vv      He  died  in   iS;j.  at  the  age  of  eighty-two  years.      He  was  a  man 
highlv  esteemed  fur  hisgoud  ^ense  and  good  morals. 


K1STI  \\     Si  HI.I.MMI.i< 


V.i-.  l>orn  in  17.^0;    loi  ated  in   i.'>iid>Mi  in  i  vp.  ,md  d:ed  here  .it  the  .i_;e 
»f  ei^!it\    ve.irs. 


\\';is  ;ii>»>  over  ri^lity   \e.ir-»o!   .i^e  when   lie  dieil. 

':'    <\\\         I    ,    i     I    I  l<  I    ,   I  .          I      K'   I  '    I     i  1 

prill'  ip.il  lienn.ui  >.e!t!er.  .IIP!  ii\tc 


('.unr    he iv    !r>Mii    \\urtcnhorii    in     iN}>.    .ind    \v.i>    h;_;li    in   the 
when  he  tiieil. 

M  I  i  (  lilok    11 1  i  ->i  i<  \t  \\ 


CHAPTER   XXXVIII, 

PLEASANT    TOWNSHIP. 


T.   3,   X.    R.     15     K. 

S<  )  niucli  lias  already  been  said  of  the  scenes  and  incidents  that 
clustered  around  Fort  Seneca  in  the  beginning  of  this  book,  and 
many  of  the  men  and  women  who  then  attracted  our  attention  there, 
that  now.  when  I  am  about  to  close  and  leave  the  kind  reader  to  his 
own  meditations,  there  is  nothing  further  to  say  about  this  grand  old 
township,  than  to  describe  some  more  ol  the  men  who  helped  to  make 
it  what  it  now  is.  And  there  is  history  in  their  lives  also  that  is  well 
em  nigh  '°  preserve. 

I'KIAH     K<;i;K  KT. 

The  Reverend  and  Venerable  Father  Thomas  Thompson,  who  more 
than  fifty  years  ago  preached  to  the  people  scattered  through  these 
wilds,  the  gospel  of  |esus  <'hri>t.  and  who  is  still  living  at  his  old  home- 
stead on  the  South  Greenfield  road,  sent  to  the  '/////'/  'J rilninc  the  fol- 
lowing communication,  which  was  published  on  the  second  day  of 
November.  iS;d.  It  gives  a  short  sketch  of  Mr.  I'riah  Fgbert.  It 
read,- : 

A  IMOM:I-:I;  <;ONI-:. 

Trial)  Iv^ln-rt  wa-;  born  Auun^t  s.  IT'.d.  in  1 1  umlerton  eomit\ .  \ew  Jersey. 
His  parr nt>  moved  to  I  Vnn>\  ]\  ania  \\  lien  their  lio\  \\  a>  lint  Hirer  years  old. 
and  sulisiM|iiriitI\ .  in  Ml.mo\rd  to  [-'airfield  count\ .  <  )hio.  llrrr  lir  was 
married  to  Susannah  \\'illiam>  .Iul\  ti.  M-~>.  and  unitril  with  the  M.  K. 
church  under  tlir  mini-Mi)  oi'  the  I,'c\.  Michael  |-;iiis.  in  Isln.  and  of  which 
cliui'i'li  In-  \\.i--  an  active  mrmlirr  and  oilicrr  for  more  than  lift\  yrars.  In 

Isj:;  he  founded   .1    home   in   ilieu l>  of  Seneca  count) .  and  his  home  was 

Ihr  preachers'  hotnr  and  a  >ani-tuai\  for  the  Lord's  people.  I  le  \\  as  devout 
in  \\  oi>lii|i.  i  .M  ^rliool  iii  hi--  \  ie\\  s  and  held  hi>  \  ie\\  s  \\  it  li  lenaeit  \ .  'I'o  us 
lie  \\a-~  al\sa\>  kind,  and  ^oinr  ot'  our  happie>t  iiioineiits  \\ere  sjient  in  coin- 
IIPIM  i«-al  ion  \'.  il'n  him  and  hi>  tainilx.  lie  \\a>  a  lilirral  sii]i])oi1er  of  the 
cause  of  ( iod.  <)nr  la-^l  intrrcoiu>r  with  himuas  to  n-cei\  e  >IIKI  for  the 
American  I  lil'lc  >ocje(  \  and  -Inn  f,,|-  ihe  Mi>-^ioiiai'\  Socjrt\  of  ihe.M.  K. 

chill'cl,   ;is  the   lieijliol   of    1 1  i ->   late  companion. 


IM. HASAN  1      ItAVNSIlir.  571 

1 1  c  tlrpartrtl  this  lift1  Oetolii-r  1.  1^7'..  aired  t-iu'ht>  Tiv»-  vt-ai  s,  tuo  mi'iiths 
ami  three  ila\  >. 

1 1  is  linn-nil  was  attrmli'tl  \>\  a  lap_rr  etnii-uni'M-  »f  nrii:hl>i>rs  ami  I'lit-ml- 
on  tin-  loliuuinu'  Sabbath.  T.  TIK  >.\li'H  ).\. 

I'he  n. unc  ui    tin.-  county  I  h.ivi-  (  handed    to  the  proper  one.      There 
is  no  1  luntin^ton   county  in   New  Jersey1. 

Mr.  Hubert'-.  first  settlement  in  tin-,  county  was  on  the  North  (ireen 
field  ro;ui.  where  S.unuel  Kickenbauiji  now  li\cs.  lie  sold  to  Mr. 
l'.i\id  Kiikenb.iu.Ji  and  moved  to  the  rid^e  in  this  township,  where  he 
and  his  wile  spent  the  rest  ot  their  days.  The  most  beau!;tul  teature  in 
the  lite  ot  lather  Hubert  was  his  quiet,  pious,  peaceful  disposition.  lie 
wa^  indeed,  highly  esteemed  by  everybody  that  knew  him  lie  was  a 
•_;ood  manager,  and  with  all  his  liberality,  he  at  cumulated  property. 
K_;bcrt's  was  one  of  the  best  conditioned  homes  on  the  road  between 
Titiin  and  Sandiisky.  lie  donated  the  land  where  the  Kid^e  Koad 
<  emetery  now  is.  and  where  he  and  his  wile  lie  buried 

Mrs.  (  'arl.  the  yt>unL,re->t  daughter  of  Mr.  Hubert,  says  that  one  revo- 
lutionary soldier,  ten  soldiers  ot'  the  war  of"  iSij  and  fourteen  soldiers 
oj  the  war  ot  the  rebellion  are  buried  there,  ('ol.  \\'ill;anis  \\a>  a 
brother  in  law  ot"  Mr.  l-'.-l>ert  his  wife's  brother.  lie  served  in  the 
uar  of  the  revolution  five  vears  anil  lies  buried  in  Adanis  town-hp 
where  he  died  in  1X4  i . 

Mrs.   l.-bert  died    May   13.  1X75. 


\Vasbornin.\danisciMinty,  Pennsylvania,  July  i^.  i;S(i.  He  was  mar 
r:ed  to  Mar-arc'  Kuhn  on  the  _'d  day  of  l-'ebruary.  iSi-.  lie  nioxed 
lo  Sciiei  a  county  and  settled  in  1'leas.int  township  in  iX-|  lie  died 
J.inuar\-  \.\.  1X70.  liis  wife  died  Januar\  .'4.  1X74.  I'.oih  lie  buried 
in  >t.  losepli  i  emetery  in  Tiffin.  Mrs.  St. nib  was  born  Marcti  t>.  i~<i\. 
Mr.  Staiib  was  a  volunteer  in  the  IIano\er  company  and  stationed 
..'  North  1'oint.  in  I'.altimore.  under  Colonel  Miller.  lie  w.iseiijm 
nine  vears  and  six  months  old  when  lie  died,  and  Mr--  Staul>  was 
se\eii;\  nine  year..s.  ten  months  and  eighteen  days  old  \\lu-n  slie  ilietl. 
I'.oth  liveil  i,i  ,i  line  old  a.ue  and  were  ver\  excellent  people  and  u;ooil 
nei  'l!bors. 


The  sublet  i    oi    this  sketch,   wlio    is    st  ill  li\'inu  near  Cast  alia,  in  San 
dusky  i  ount\  .  witli    her    son,    M  .   P. .    Kit  e,  KS. p.  was    so  k  ind  as  to  send 
me.  by  her  son.  an  inlerestin^  statement    «\    early    <  liar.u  ters   she  kne\\ 
in  this  township,  and    I   t  op\    wi;  lioul  t  omment: 


^-2  HISKikY     01-     SKM-.<  A    COfNTY. 

Caleb  Hice  and  Daniel  Itiee  svere  horn  respect  is ely  in  l~s,s  and  17!»1  in  the 
to\\  n  i>r  <  'laivndon.  Vermont. 

Benjamin  Barnes  ami  Wot  Barnes  svere  natives  of  Savoy.  Berkshire 
counts.  Ma--.aehiiM'tt-.  \\'ot  was  horn  in  IT'.d  and  Benjamin  in  IT'.'.",.  They 
\\civ  all  lisiiiLi'  some  ii\r  miles  below  Fort  Ball  when  I  Amiar  Harney  i 
came  here  in  \~]'-'.  \Veeanie  here  from  Saratoga.  X.  V.  \\'hen  \yearrived 
al  Lower  Sandusks  ms  brothers.  West,  and  Benjamin,  svere  in  attendance 
at  a  trial  of  some  parties  for  robbing  old  man  Spieer.  Some  four  persons 
had  been  arre>ied  hut  only  one  was  ennvieted.  Spieer  svas  a  white  man  luit 
svas  raided  an  Indian.  The  people  liked  him  much. 

The  Chapmans.  Shippss.  Spragues.  Cheness.  Harris's.  Dnmoiids.  Culver. 
Anson  dra\  and  .lohn  I-!aton  \\ere  liei'e. 

\\"e  \\ei~e  six  weeks  on  the  way  from  Saratoga  here.  I  came  with  my 
father.  Benjamin.  I'.arney  and  ln'other-in-law  Friend  ( )rr  and  Sedate  1'ad- 
dleford. 

M\  father  returned  east  with  the  intention  of  moving  his  family  out  here, 
Imt  lie  died  before  lie  reached  his  home.  1'addleford  also  went  back  and 
never  ret urned. 

On  the  I'tth  of  October.  l>^(i.  West  Harney  and  Sophronia  Wilson  were 
married  by  Daniel  Kicc.  who  was  a  justice  of  the  peace.  This  is  the  first 
recorded  marriage  in  Sandusky  counts. 

Daniel  liiee  and  I  were  married  December  14.  Is^o.  at  Harrington's  tavern 
in  I-o\\ cr  Sandu^kx .  \Vehad  seven  children.  The  two  oldest  were  born  in 
Seneca  counts  :  Susannah  in  Isilland  Deborah  in  Isii'!. 

(n  l^:.'-")  sve  inosed  to  Tosvnsend  tosvnship.  in  Sandusky  county,  svhere  I 
still  reside,  at  the  a.ire  of  w;  years.  Ms  husband  died  in  IsTJ.  a.Lred  s]  years. 

Caleb  ssent  to  Illinois  in  IMu.  where  he  died  in  Is4'.i.  ]>arney  West  died 
a  fesv  sears  am>  in  Missouri.  I  think.  Benjamin  Barnes  resides  in  Pike 
counts .  I  Ilinois.  with  his  irrand  cliildren.  His  own  childi'en  are  all  dead. 
He  is  a  urreat  talker  and  s  ery  much  respected.  He  tells  very  many  laugh- 
able oM  stories  and  incidents  of  olden  times.  He  was  a  captain  in  the  Black 
Hassk  svar  and  svas  with  Abraham  Lincoln  in  the  service. 

Ms  husband  cleared  land  svhere  Columbus  nosv  stands  before  he  came  to 
Seneca  about  the  time  the  svar  closed.  He  svas  in  a  Xew  Jersey  regiment 
in  the  sv;«-  of  Mi'. 

C<  >  KM-:  MI'S     I  I.rMMKKIT.l.T 

Wu-^  horn  in  Nosv  Jersey  July  10,  1774.  in  Sussex  county  and  svas  raised 
on  ;i  farm.  In  1X^4  lio  svas  married  to  Catharine  Christtnan.  On  the 
the  Jil  nt  Mas,  i.Sj6.  tlioy  started  for  ()hi<>.  It  took  tliem  four  sveeks 
to  roach  Seiic'  a  county. 

He  boii-lit  the  svost  half  of  tho  southwest  <]uarter  of  section  sixteen. 
I  laiiiel  Ri<  o  ha(!  a  lease  on  this  land  tn>m  tho  commissioners  of  San- 
dusky  <  ouiity.  svhu  h  he  aUo  bought.  Kice  had  Ixiih  a  cabin  and  Mr. 
Ruminerfell  mo\  ed  into  that. 

(  )l  tin.-  first  wedlock  there  is  but  one  ehiid  living.  There  were  six 
cliildror,  of  the  second  marriage  and  ot  whom  Mr.  I)  V.  Klummerfelt, 
of  I'iea-ant  \<  isvn>hi]i  is  one. 


1'I.KASANl      lottNxHIl'.  573 

Mrs.  Klummerfelt  died  in  1^47. 

Caleb  Ki<  r  w.i^  a  neighbor  of  Mr.  |-  '.mmncrtclt  ami  wa-,  the  first 
white  ^cttler  in  the  township.  He  lived  0:1  the  school  section  aKo. 
II  ^  daughter.  1  retta  Kii  e.  wa-  the  iir->t  white  <  hild  born  in  tlu-  counts. 
Mr.  K  ic"  w.i>  a  verv  decided  I  iu\  rr->ah>t. 

\1  • .  (  '  >rn  •![•!>  |-'i;irnuH-rk'it  wa-.  ^i\  ici-t  hi^li.  ot  ! air  i  oinplcxion ;  h.i'l 
i'i'ic  i  yc->  aii'l  \\~a-.  \pcr\  straight  aiiii  well  )iri)|mriionfd.  He  \va->  <>t 
[••ir«.-l\  (1-TiK.in  '.ypc.  \cry  linn  in  hi>  i  mivii  i:<m-«,  >>lo\v  ot  >|pc<-rh  aiv  i 
li  \cil  in  hi-,  li.ili:t>.  lie  Mm  k  I"  hi>  »M  clothe-,  witli  _;reat  teiia<  ity  an.l 
('••loeilto  jiui  on  ne\\  i»ne>  tint:!  he  \\.i--  (onijH'tled  •  >.  lie  \nteil  tor 
every  1  le!;;o<  r.c  u  i  aiii  liilatc  lor  |>re--:'lent  Mine  \\  a-!1.:  n^'  on.  aiua\  -, 
!.ik;  iu  .i  \  er\  ai  '.  i\  c  part  in  |>o!itii  >  lie  tiled  on  t!ie  .'  -ii  <!  iv  o|  An- 
,'i^t.  .-  S7  i .  a:  the  h^li  aue  o|  >,-  \  r.ir-.  i  month  anil  i .:  iia\>  lle'.\.i> 
one  o;  the  positive  in  en  of  the  i  on  M  try.  11;-  u  oni  w.i-  'n>  iioii'l  an  1 
•  .1  lie  relieil  upon.  lie  \s.i>  !ii^h!\  iv--pe<  te<l  an«i  e-teeineil  \vln-re\er  !.•.• 
;  .i'i  lieci  pine  km  nvn. 


>\  -•  ,i  I'j'i  hi^torv  ot  the  l>r;<l4e-.;M  l!i;>.  lownsliip  would  make  a 
:  ipte;  i>\  it>eli.  A  'ew  fact-;  i  onnei  :ed  \v;:!i  the  >ui>iect  ca:i 
•  a"  i  mp'.ed  here. 

iini'idin.:  ot  each  bridge    m'nh    leelin.;    ainon^  |>eople    on    lioth 
r: \  er  u\i>  •  eii!;--;ed.    and    each    time    more    i--  to  ; he  loi  an! \ 


S74  HISTORY    OK    SK.NKCA    COUNTY. 

but  Mr.  Watson  held  the  fort.  The  result  was  that  Mr.  Watson  was 
blamed  very  severely  by  those  who  were  in  favor  of  a  bridge  at  Pool's 
mill.  Much  bad  blood  was  stirred  up  at  these  bridge  lights  in  Pleasant, 
and  there  was  scarcely  a  citi/en  in  the  township  that  took  no  part  in 
the  light. 

Mr.  Watson's  bridge  was  more  ol  an  experiment  than  a  good  job. 
The  timbers  were  left  exposed,  and  the  bridge  was  not  anchored  well. 
When  the  great  hurricane  swept  over  the  northern  part  ol  Seneca  couu- 
lv  in  Fine.  iS-^.  unrooted  some  ol  the  houses  and  other  buildings  in  its 
track,  blew  down  the  M.  I.,  church  ol  Fort  Seneca,  throwing  it  ilat  on 
the  ground,  it  also  blew  the  Watson  bridge  into  the  river  in  a  body, 
leaving  the  abutments  only. 

The  people  living  near  Fort  Seneca  'town),  on  both  sides  of  the 
river,  now  began  a  Iresh  agitation  lor  a  bridge.  'The  reader  who  is  a 
stranger  in  Seneca  count}',  must  distinguish  between  this  town  of  Fort 
Seneca  and  the  old  fort:  the}' are  of  the  same  name,  lint  distinct  places, 
more  than  two  miles  apart.  There  is  no  town  at  the  old  fort  at  all.  > 
The  first  petitioners  wanted  a  bridge  at  the  Pool  mill — often  called  Fort 
Seneca  mill.  Now  new  efforts  were  made  to  have  a  superstructure  put 
upon  the  abutments  ot  the  Watson  bridge,  and  the  cotillict  grew  warm 
again.  P>oth  parties  urged  as  a  strong  reason  for  a  bridge  the  great 
public  demand,  and  cited  a  very  sad  occurrence  that  took  place  on  the 
}d  day  of  April.  iSaN.  when  two  citi/ens  lost  their  lives  in  the  river  for 
want  of  a  bridge.  <  )n  that  day  James  M.  Figgins.  Joshua  Stackhouse. 
(leorge  Shannon  and  |ohn  \\atsoii.  who  lived  on  the  east  side  of  the 
river,  were  in  a  ••dug-out"  canoe,  endeavoring  to  cross  the  river  to 
attend  the  election  that  came  oil  on  that  dav  at  the  township  house,  on 
the  west  >ide  ol  the  river.  The  place  was  near  the  present  "  Flummerfclt 
bridge."  now  so  called.  When  the}'  were  about  the  middle  of  the  river, 
the  hat  of  one  of  the  men  blew  off,  and  in  the  effort  to  catch  it  the  boat 
upset,  and  all  the  nun  fell  into  the  river.  Shannon  and  Watson  reached 
the  shore  in  satety.  but  I'iggms  and  Stackhouse  were  drowned. 

This  cii'i  umstance.  with  manv  other  reasons,  were  uru'cd  upon  the 
attention  of  the  commissioners  lor  a  new  bridge  by  both  parties,  and 
especially  bv  those  who  wanted  a  bridge  built  upon  the  old  abutments. 
In  the  height  o|  exi  ttenieiit  the  commissioners  determined  to  build  a 
new  bridge  rear  the  I  'ooi  mill. 

The  work  !s  done,  and  the  bridge  is  an  1:  on  or  to  the  count}'  com  mi  s- 
sioiiers  and  a  <  ivdit  to  tin;  ('oiintv.  1'he  friends  of  the  lower  bridge 
were  disi  ii'iraged.  and  abandoned  .ill  hopes  ol  having  the  old  Wats'on 
bridge  re-built. 


I'l.KASANT     I  <)W\  s||l  I1.  575 

Those  that  know  Mr.  I).  V.  I-  lummertelt  well  and  intimate!)  need  no 
explanation  about  him.  To  strangers,  however,  it  is  suttH  lent  to  say 
that  he  has  inherited  from  his  lather  a  ^reat  deal  ot  his  looks  and  per- 
sonal app--  irance,  but  more  so  his  <  lerman  tena<  itv  and  per-e\  cram  e. 
\\  hile  other-  tell  hack  in  despair.  Mr.  I  1  u  miner  !e  it,  in  his  o\\  n  tamiliar. 

t!  ieni  !':\  W.l\  .  attended  t  he  -e--ion-  ill  the  <  o'lnt  \  (  om  miss;  oners  oi  <  a 
siiin.iils.  and  one  ••  .n  ,1  w'u'.ie  express, -t)  iii-  re_rret  at  the  tai'.ure  o|  the 
pro|.-t  t  in  r<-  bu.idnu  tar  \\ats.-n  hi.d_;e.  and,  wh.ie  :'.  seemed  to  hase 
lie  en  L: is  en  up  a-  a  lo-;  t  a  use.  Mr  I  lummertelt.  ;n  his  own  <iu;et  wav. 
m  ide  iii'  pi;  r\  amount  the  i  ontrat  to;-s  and  ascertained  the  amo'int  for 
whit  h  a  hi  idue  '  o-;ld  be  built  !>••  1  >w.  and  then  \  i  si  ted  the  i  om  mission  crs. 
wh«  i  tin  i'.l\  offered  to  pas  Mr  1  lummertelt  S^.^:  .  ;l  lie  ssoiild  put  a  _ood 
stjpers:r-;(  'ure  i:pon  th<-  old  ai>utments. 

This  oifer  was  so  low  that  the  <  oinmissjoiiers  thcm-clscs  had  no  idea 
at  first  tli.it  it  would  be  accepted.  Lumber,  labor  and  iron  were  low  in 
price  at  tli.it  time.  Mr.  I  lummcrtelt  had  made  his  figure-:  he  at  <  cpted 
the  proposition,  and  the  present  beautiful  llowe-tniss.  on  the  old  abut- 
ments ot  the  Watson  bridge,  is  ample  prooi  ot  the  -a_ia<ity  and  pcr>e- 
serameot  Mr  I  lummertelt.  He  pledged  his  osvn  responsibility  lor  the 
payment,  turni-hed  some  14.:::;  teet  ot  oak  lumber,  iron  and  paint, 
that  t  o-t  him  some  >v»o  o\er  and  above  the  appropriation. 

Mr.  I'lummertelt  is  that  much  out  ot  pot  ket.  but  Llca-.mt  township  is 
•he  best  bridged  township  in  this  county. 

The  bridge  i-  now  called  the  "  Mummertell  bridge."  and  \  cry    appro 
pria'.e'.s    -o.      It  is  a  fair  monument  <>l  perseverance  and  sagacity. 

Mr.  h  V.  Hummertelt  is  one  ot  the  old  settlers  here  now.  lie  was 
born  in  SM--CX  now  \Varreincounty.  New  Jersey.  <  >ctober  i^th.  i>-;. 
lie  i  an ie  !o  Senet  a  with  his  lather'-  tanrdv.  lie  marrietl  Melinda 
Littler,  ot  1  lard \  counts .  Vir-inia,  on  the  uth  of  (  )ciober,  i  s  — .  This 
in. on  wa-  bles-ed  svith  fi\  e  sons  and  tour  dau_;h;vi's.  ill  lis  ;n_;  liut  one. 
i  .  lit  a  ii<  \  .  t  ieor^e  .  -  m  irriei  i .  and  1  ;\  e-  in  >andusk  \  <  »~::\\\  . 
'»:..o.  Ma' i!d  i  I-  -lie  wile  ot  M .  T.  I.ut/.  and  i  c-j'.e-  in  Kan-a-;  \nn 
M  .  -  the  v.  l:e  o|  1  ten  n,  -  h-  i  an,  and.  i:\e-  in  1'ie.i-ant.  The  balam  e  are 
i'  hum--  \\  .'!:  •  i.e.r  i>.u  -  nt  -.  It  t  ikes  bo!  i;  brain  ami  mu-i  ie  to  manage 


-j6  HISTORY    OK    SK.NKCA    COUNTY. 

( >n  the  -M-t  of  April.  1*44.  he  married  Miss  Klvira  S.  Clark,  L. 
At)ln>tt.  I.-']..  -olemui/iug  tin-  marriage.  Their  children  are  four  living 
daughter-:  Augusta  1'.  is  the  wife  ot"  I'Yancis  I.  I-'ry:  Colena  M.  married 
1  nren/i)  A.  Abbott:  Mora  married  (  Hiver  S.  \Vat-on.  and  Littie  married 

Robert    Wat-ou. 

Mr.  I'ltu-'  lather  died  in  1^5:  hi-,  mother  lived  to  a  fine  old  age,  and 
«!ied  in  iS;.'.  when  --he  \vas  eighty-three  years  old.  R.  R  Titus  started 
the  world  "ii  hi-  own  hook,  when  about  twentv  years  ot  age,  by  work- 
in.,  .imon^  the  farmer-  of  1'lea-ant  township,  at  Sn  per  month  at  first: 
i,<  \:  \  ear  he  _>  >\  S  i  _'.  and  the  next  year  S  i  4  per  month. 

In  iS^ej  he  \va>  elei  ted  a  member  of  the  state  board  ot  ecjualization. 
In  iStii  In-  wa->  elected  a  member  of  the  house  ot  representatives  oi  the 
general  a-^embly  of  <  >hi".  ami  re  elected  in  i  So^.  serving  during  the 
whole  war.  ll<-  i-ounts  his  weallli  b\  the.  thousands,  and  his  drafts  are 
hi  mured  in  all  the  bank>  in  the  i  i  unitry.  lie  is  in  ( 'alitornia  on  a  visit 
at  thi>  wri'iing. 

\"im  t-nl  I'.eli.  r.eujamin  Se<  kman.  John  lirush.  Nathan  Littler.  John 
Sibcral.  b'i'.n  llou-eman.  the  \Vatsons.tnd  others  came  into  Pleasant 
later. 

'I'he  Sandu^kv  river  courses  through  the  western  part  of  the  township 
in  great  meanderings  ot  nearlv  t\velve  mile^  along  its  shores.  Mast  ot 
lor!  Senei  a  ir  lake--  a  due  ea^t  i  our>c  more  than  one  mile:  then  taking 
ahorse  shoe  IK-IH!  to  the  southeast,  turns  north,  running  more  than  one 
mile  along  'he  -ntion  line  between  sections  fifteen  and  sixteen.  In 
-e<  tion  n. lie  :t  turn-  due  we>l  three  ijuarters  ol  a  mile,  and  northwest, 
!ea\  ing  '. l.<  large.  PI  h  bottom  lands  oi  Samuel  1  .udwig  on  the  right  bank. 
'•'loin  'kind-  in  Plea-ant  have  made,  and  forever  will  make  this 
t«>wn-!.;p  !';-:'.  \  <  eu  bra  ted.  The  upland-  are  rich  in  soil,  but  the  bottoms 
e  ;;i  tertibty.  Mr.  (  ;,  \\  .  lait/  was  among  the  mo-t 
-•-,'  •  '•--!;;:  i  .nnrr-  in  thi-  toxvn-hiji  for  -ume  time,  and  until  within  the 
lew  \i\ir-.  In  i -51;  he  ra:.-ed  Irom  i  JO  acres  of  land.  S.6^  bu-hels 
b'i  -hel-  of  wheat.  I'.-timating  the  corn  at  thirty  cents 

>4.J4  i  .50  on  these  two 


1MIASANT     loWN.sHIK  5-7 

well  have  <  ailed  it  Kiehland  town-,hip,  tor  that  would  have  meant  them 
all.  It  the  eonnty  hail  hern  tailed  F^\pt.  it  would  have  heen  very 
appn  >priate,  hut  su<  h  name>  a-.  "  l'!ea-.aiit,"  "  Kden  "  and  "  l!l«n  >in," 
are  very  Miu^e.-^tive  and  do  \e;y  \vi-l!. 

i  >n  the  i-jth  ol  January,  i  s  \<>.  I .;  .i-tn^  l!i'\\r  .nul  \  :i>i  cu:  He!!  «  .ui-t-it 
t"  he  Curved  on  the  ronu-r>  ot    >e»  IMH-,    iiiiu-'rm    and    t\v 
t<>\\  :i-.hi|>.  ,i  town  to  wh:i  h    they    _;a\  e    '!:<•   natiu-    ot    i-.ir:  >--ni-c 
otlicr    name    would    !;.i\c    hcen    nioic    ij't'roj.riate.      It    >   <  a'.i 
mislead  th.e  general  iiii  jiiirer  and  lead  h:m  to  -'-. j.j,.  ^i- : ii.it  '.in-  !•  •[ '. 
a',  or  near  ihi>    j'Lu  e,  when.  ;n    l.n  t.  ;!    u.i^    nearly    !::!(-<•    m:! 
Mi  Nntt'x    01       S\\o]ie'-    (  'orner>,    eitlier    ol    the«.e    de-.!^n.i'i    .     • 
to\\r.. 

1'or;  Seneea  i«.  situate  >i\  and  a  halt  m: !e->  north  ot  'I':fnn  and  eie-.  en 
m;le->  >o'.ith  ot  "Fremont  on  the  I  'olnmhu-.  -<tate  ro.id,  and  ntimhi-rs  .ihmit 
-'.-,'  :nhah;laiu>.  A  juke  running  from  '1'ittin  to  I  ri-ni"!it  through  I  i.rt 
Seneea  would  al't'ord  one  of  the  most  hea'itiiul  dr;\e>  in  northern  <  >h:o. 
\\  i:\  not  have  one:' 

I'lea-ant  township  wa>  or^ani/ed  on  tin-  <>\}\  day  ot  June,  i^^i.at.d. 
w'r.i'.ethe  Senei  a->  were-^till  roaming  over  it.  The  ear'.x  >ettier>  h.a\  e 
aireaily  heen  named  and  de>i  rihed.  The  population  ot'  th.e  'owi^hip 
in  i.S;o  wa^,  i..>5-.  whirh  im  reaped  only  f>5  in  the  ten  ye.ir-  :oi!,i\\  in_U' . 
making  it  i ..}  i  7  in  i  SSc. 


CM  A  PIER  XXXIX 


KEKD    TOWNSHIP. 


II'   w.i-    \cr\    \vnxi_;  that    tlu'   county  officers  of  Seneca  county  ever 
consented  to  have  the  proper  name  of  this  township  mis-spelled  into 
Reed,  and    be    thcmseK'es   guilty.      'I'he    J\,;i,/   family,    after    whom  the 
•own-hip  wa-  named,  were  ot  Scofh  descent,  and  invariably  wrote  their 

•.same  with  an  "  a."  and  M>  it  ought  to  have  been    preserved. 

>eth  Read  and  (leorge  Raymond  came  from  Steuben  county,  New 
N  »rk,  and,  -citied  upon  section  twenty-four,  in  what  now  constitutes 
;!  :-.  t»wn>!iip.  <m  the  i.Sth  day  of  lanuai'y,  1X2=;,  and  were  the  first 
-etller>  in  the  town-'hip.  They  entered  their  lands  at  the  Delaware  land 
'•ttii  e. 

They  were  followed  soon  after  by  Kdward  Cassety  and  Elijah  Read, 
1'  ni>  ( 'roukite,  I  homa>  I'.ennett.  Samuel  Scothorn.  Isaac  liennett  and 
•ub.er-.. 

Tlie  town-lup  was  or.^ani/ed  1  >erember  5th.  iSj6.  The  first  election 
w.i->  lield  a:  the  hou>e  of  Scth  Read,  on  New  Year's  day  following. 

I  he  late  oi  ;lie  land  in  ihi^  loun-hip  i->  LTenerally  undulating,  and  the 
!  VIT\   iertiie.       Iheic   are    no    mill    >tream^  within  its  limits,  and   the 
_r:-:  and  -aw  in:'/,-  .lie  run  by  -team. 

'•   i  v  ;     Rr  1   a  ;•'  >|  iMi.ii  M  m  ot  2<>  ( :    in  i  840.  1.240.  and  it  is  now 


ry.    i  \;  "'•  John   Terr\    and  ('atharine  Heard 
-  live  aiitl  -i\.  a  town,  which  they  called 
lid  p!a!!t  d  bv    lame-    I  Mirbin. 
'  vin  in  \\hiie.wlioforrnanv  \'ears  has  lived 


579 


on  College  Hill,  in  Titlin.    when-    he   lives   now    at  his   c-.i-i 
rapes  and    ]>rarh    trees. 

Robert   I'.    |-'ra/cr  wa-  the  lir-l  ph\  ->,<  :a:i  wh'  •  -eliled  .11   I  • 
tilt  there  in   tin-  praetii  e  ot  hi-  ],i  t  •  :<•--;.  in.  a:i<!  h:_F!.ly  r-to 

Ren  Id  >\s  n  was  made  '.:]i  MI  a  !<-\s     i  ah.  iis    MM  'he    <   i'!'im!.' 
'i-k\    turnpike.       1  1  was  a!-'t  .  ailr.i  (  '•»  tk'>  •  ia!e.  ':•<•<  ,i-:-r  .1 
iani'.-  i  >!  ('link  kepi   the  toil  _;a*e  •  IM  the    p  kr  a:   *  ii  i'  ;.    ii  •• 
l\    u,,  ke-1    t-'i    ,..l!e,  t    t..:i    ,,n    a  hi'.:.: 


a-  tile  ;>;  -;  lictweeii  Altira  au-i  Hi 
My  ili-  i:   .•:,!  irien.l  l»r.  M.     1  >.    \\ 

saa.    Ca'.lii 


tnd    >an 


\\a>  !>>;••!    lanuarv    i>th.   i  "•  i  .*.  :  :i  '  'i  a:ue\  ;i!e    :•  i\v:i>:i:p.  (  ie: 
:y.  New  \.»rk.      In   iSji   lii>    t.uher  Imatni    \\i:!i  h.s  !ani;!\ 
iitwn-sb.ip.    ilui'Mii    (  i  i!int\ ,  a  lew  miles  t-.i-«i    uiKeoitMAn.      I 
\\  !ir.anis  _iv\\    up.  an«i  r<-(  (-i\ei!  his  e<lu<  at, on  aii'l  rea<!  nie'l 
years  wi'h   1 'r.   MMSCS  ('    Sanders,  in   1'eiu  !"wn^:i;p.    in    llui 

In     1X^5    hi.-    settii-'i   at     Kecdti  >\\  n.   and    <  Mininenet.-d    '.  lie 
medicine,  and   here,  in    iS^-o.  the  u  filer    made  liis    a<  •  juainta 
L'few  int'i  a  triendship    that    has    -!'.i\\n    \\.irnu-r.    like    win-S 
better  with  a_;e. 

<  >n  the  ~'.}i    '>'    \  o\  rm'hrr.    i^^.    I  >r.    \\'i!l:ams  w.ts  m.irr 
Harriet   \r\\r]     l.allarre.     i>!     Sh.crni  in     inwiiship.  witi:    u  :.» 
three  \  ear-,  un;  ii  shi-  died.      <  Mi    the     i  ^th  M|    |  une,    i  x  ;  i ,  !i  • 
married  t-.     1  -.-lis.i    I..     l.udL.w.    .,t-    \.,rwi,  Ii,    iii     II  ;:    . 
:.:..•;   \\  as  i>'ie->rd   with   tliree  i  luldreii,  '  A  > .  !n  .\  -.  \\  :,.  •     r  r  m 


cS0  IliSlORY    01'    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

Dr.  Williams  practiced  medicine  in  Peru  two  years  before  he  came 
to  Keedtnwn.  making  fnrty  seven  years  in  all  in  constant  practice  with- 
out '.OMUL:  a  day.  CM  ept  the  time  spent  in  attending  lectures  at  Wil- 
l»'.i_'h:>v  l'ni\  ersity,  at  the  Cincinnati  Medical  I'niversity,  and  at  the 
Cle\  el.u-.d  and  Western  Kcser\e  College,  where  he  graduated.  The 
i-.b)  be<  ame  merged  intn  the  Starling  at  Colnmbus  afterwards. 
I  Is  -i>w  the  veteran  physician  in  that  part  ot  the  country,  and  1  will 
s.t\,  .',  ;hn'it  i!attcr\  !nr  I  never  ilatten.  that  the  Doctor  is  highly  es- 
U-i  imd  m  al!  the  country  far  and  near,  for  his  personal  excellencies, 
In"!;  .is  a  ]ih\si.  ian  and  citi/en. 

Dr.  Williams  was  so  kind  as  to  send  me  some  of  his  early  recollections 
of  Keed,  friim  which  1  have  collated  the  following: 

Cap'ain  Han  ford  \\as  an  early  settler  here.  He  was  one  of  your  plain. 
outspoken  men.  swore  a  little  at  times,  a  little  rough,  but  kind  hearted.  One 
da\  while  the  Captain,  with  his  dog.  were  out  in  the  woods,  and  chased  a 
\\easel  into  a  hollou  IOLT.  and  while  they  were  trying  to  catch  it.  a  Presby- 
terian preacher  from  Monroev  ille.  whom  the  Captain  did  not  know,  came 
Uii'oiiuh  the  woods  and  u'ot  off  his  horse  to  help  catch  the  weasel.  So  the 
preacher  took  liis  post  at  one  end  of  the  log  to  watch,  with  his  riding  whip 
held  iiji  to  strike.  The  position  did  not  suit  Hanford.  and  he  said  to  the 
preacher  :  ••  You  don't  hold  \oiir  whip  right,  by  --.  my  friend,  hold  it  so. 
and  strike  quick,  for  the\  are  the  d  t.  quickest  things  yon  ever  saw.  b— 
."  sure  eiioiiirh  !  The  Captain  seared  the  weasel  out.  and  when  the 
preacher  struck,  he  'nit  the  Around  about  a  rod  behind  the  weasel.  "There." 
sa\s  ('ap'ain  Hanford.  "  I  told  you  so.  li  -  -."  The  preacher  then  asked 
where  Captain  Hanford  lived.  The  Captain  gave  him  the  information,  and 
the)  separated.  The  preacher  stopped  at  the  house,  and  Mrs.  Hanford.  who 
was  a  I'resb)  terian,  and  had  not  seen  a  preacher  since  she  had  left  the  •'  land 
of  stead)  habits  "  about  three  years  before,  and  was  very  glad  to  entertain 
him.  A  tier  a  \v  hile  the  ( 'aptain  came  home  and  was  quite  surprised  to  see 
the  weasel  catcher.  Captain  Hanford  said  to  him:  "  I  guess  I  must  have 
-cared  )ou  \\itli  ni)  swearing."  The  preacher  said:  "Yes.  I  was  fright- 
cued  a  little  and  urreatl\  sin-prised  to  think  that  a  man  having  such  a 
Christian  lad\  fora  wife  \\oiild  indulge  in  such  language."  The  Captain 
iht-ellcct  of  the  rebuke,  hut  entertained  the  preacher  with  his  usual 

i  was  the  lirst  post  master  in  this  township, and  it  was  then 
lice.     Mr.    Catlin    had    this  town  surveyed,  but  never  had 
II    v.  as  then  called  "  Cat  linville."      It    was  also   called 
Tunis  ( 'nnikite  and  Thomas.  I'.ennett  were  both  old  settlers 
'•  Maptist  church  at  what  is  now  called  Omar.     They  had 
reed  thai  the)  \\oiild  not  be  buried  in  the  same  eeme- 
1.  al  (  Unar  ha--  a  \er\  respectable  cemetery.     Hennett  owned 
the  urra\e  \ard.  and  Croukite  owned  the  land  across 
Cioiik'ie  died  lirst.    and    was  buried  on  his  land   some 
"!  '<>'''  -rra\c  \ard.  then   P.ennett   died,  and  \\as  buried  in  the 


Kl.M'     1  oWN-,  HI  I'. 

L'i-.ivi'  \;ir«l.     N'>u  l.ir.,"-    iii"!mmi-n:-   aili-rn   tin-   ^r.isi-^   • 

r:n-h  iitln-r.  a-  Ill"l;imu-!i'-  "t    kul   I'!""'!   Ill   I:!.-. 

i  .,•.,!':_'••  Ita)  lii'Mi'l.  ;tii»t  IHT  i>M  --It!'-!  In-!'-.  »s  a-  tin-  I'.ith 
\\liii-li  In-  ralli"!  Al'i'ali.mi.  1-vi.K-  am!  .l.i.-..i>.  '!'!,••  !.i-:  ••*. 
;(,f  t'.iiiinT  ha-  l"-.-n  'l'--f!  i^«  iit>  ••  '-.n-. 

M  i  .  >i-!m\  !'-r  \\  a-  a!-"  an  ra:  !\   -   i  '  '.'•'.       i  I  -    '.  '  • 

:  1  1.1  1  i>-  H  11  at  l!al'!u  MI  I   h:\  ••!•.!;..    i;   I  ;•  ••«  .!.  i  »li.... 

Kil.all    IJ.-a.l.  an.'lh'T  L'  .....  i   ..:-!    p..  •!,.-.   !      ,hr,|   ;,(..,  I,!    :. 

vt  m  i  ir  I  aii'  I  -I"!  i  :i  '  ,  i--at  >   \%  ••!  ••  !•••'!;  \  .....  :   \\  'i«  ;.  ;  '.• 
I.I-H  r»imt\  .  N'-u    ^"'.k    I'Hi  !•>  t..i:  i    \.i\«.\    ;M..!    .    . 

•  jiiiti-  .1  l'«>rl  i;ni-.  tint  i!  >"ii»t-  t  \\i-l  \  ••  \i-.n  >  .!•.:••    i»l>in-i  -   :  .-.  • 

-  1  J.t'iHi.     .1.  .(in  h;i-  -iii'  >•  '!  H-'i. 

\v  illui  •!  \\  In!  n--\  .  .t  iii'T'-ti.int  ••:  "Mi  ;.  '>.'.  !i.  i  ;..-••  i  >. 
,i  i',  \\   i.iiii.  !;•.•'!  M.  •!!,!!>  1.  -II  .  u  itli  \\  hp-ii    !•••    •.•..•!,:    !.«M:.h 
-«\  \\  i  ;iii  !i\  .  ;iii«l  s\"ii'.i|    II.IM-    ii'-rii    Is.ii'p'.  .    ii.i'l    hi-   !..•;  i 
\\  ii.-  1  1.  1.  1  ;..  i'i-i--I  hi  in  !:ki-  a  chi!'!  :--n  \--.u  •».  u  h-  :i  !:••  •!:•.! 

I  );.   A  lii»-  Witt-  r  I"-!  !u-  \\ifi-  ln-iv.      H.    u.  :.:     A  .  , 
j:  ••»•'.  ;tii'!  u'"t    i  i''h. 

I  ."it-  1  1  Kin.  (.p.  :i  im-M-li.-in:  .  \\  .!-  'i  'i!!'-  u  .-I  ••;!  .  !  !••  In  i 
II,  •  ni'.\f'l  t"  Atti-  .1.  \v  h'-i'f  h'-  -""ii  -l:i-.|.  II.'  'A.,-  i., 
^...  .  n.  >"  In-  \i.  i  IS-'I  iini'-li  "I  hi-  t"ft  mi.-  I"  li;>  .i'!i.  in.  -.  •!. 

I  >!  .  |.  T.  i  ,iil..-rt    IM-CJUIH-   iir."     i-l. 

Tli'-M-  h>'  iliv.  <•-;••<!   uh.it   littli-  IM'MI:-    li>-    h.i-i  1!     I'-.l! 
;,i).!'ll\.     'I'll--  -!n.i!!-p"\    l'!'"l\'-    "ii;    in    !l'..ti!.    ,i-:  '    I  ><  . 
;!i.  -in  "in-i  •.  \\a-  ;i!l»\\.-.!    !"    t;ik>     ;i!l    tit'-    -ma!!  -;••  .\ 
!,iln   up.  hilt   IM-  U.r-  H"!   ;i',l"\\'-.!  t"    -'•'•  ;ui\     "tii'-s     j-it.  ••!.• 
'I'll,-  1  1.  n  i.  >r  iT"i  iiiti  >  \  i-i">  !••  'i  ni  "ft  ,  ii.!>-  i-!  i  •'  1  1  in  -:,!::•  •  -.    .in 
,,_••!•  .'!'  .-!_'lil  \  -1  u  "  >  c;ir>.     I  i  ••  i  "I'll  11-  1  !  >    li\  '-'I  !I<T.-. 

.lo'tiii  /.'  •)']"•!  mirk  lunl  -"in"  knl  hi'  k  Iti-n-.  l>n:,it;«-!  h.- 
j.i  \\,M,,|  (-..iiiit>.  In-  ;i"-'-iiiiinl:iti-'l  -"in"  |.i'.»pi-!'i\  .  i|.- 
I.  HIM.  uii'l  -••  in-  ;"  I"-  li:ipp>  in  pr.ii-:!:^  (.".]. 

(  .tp!,ii>,  ll.ii.!"!'!  'iii-'l  "I  :ip"pi'-\>  ;ii»''i!  i\\i-n'\ 

it,,.  i,,,i,-i  k.-.-p.-i.  'ii.  -I  "i  ii!"i'-\.  Hi.-  .-n.-.-t-.  "i  H:\ 

i,.,;i"in  "i  .1  t  mnt'ii-r.     .hiiii'  -  ll.iiMi.i'!    !i\i--!  ;i  !••'..  !i_' 
I,;,,  iin-  Mi,  h;-'.  in  p.-niii-ni  1.11  \  ;ii  .l;i<-l\->"ii  !"!   I-  :i    ;.IM:-. 

.1,1-,.  |  I;n  ]i-"H.  u  In  'in  >nii  al-ii  kin-u  .  'ii.-il  ,t!  ! 

•)•,,  .-!,,,\s  \.,ii  h..\\   Ili-i-.l  |.."k.-il  in  tmni'T  IMIH  -.  !••:  in'- 
.  ..(.  ni  .      1    >.-.  a-    i-aii'-'l    "in-   'iai  k    n;_'lit    !••    \  :- 
•i,,,  ,11-1,  ;ln-  v,  .....  !-.  "!  '•"!;!-•.  .ni'!  I"  [••:••  \vi-li.i-!  p:  .....  •: 
•_',  ;  ;ii;.  I  I  i'"t'i    I"  ''.ini'     i-til.iii'j!'  ••!  in    :  !:•   :•  •;•  • 


5X1 

a  ..f 


mi' 


•    Mm-,]   In  ;i,_'   .     ;i  in  a  Inn1!  \  .      l.i'-ti'l-.  -"  ' 
;,-,i'|.'i|.      I  '   '•'•  .1  -  '•'•  -11  in    U'Mt  !;.•!.    !P  'U  r\  . 
.  ,  ,  ,  ;  .  .  ._r  i  ;  ,  ,  1  1,  ,  .  i  ,  ,  .  x  :  ,  i  .  i  \   \\  ;:!."!  i  '  1  1  1  \   ;  :  .  i  :  i  :  .  .  i 
\\  :;'!!.  mi-  in'.-t  !..!'.••  !"••  n  tiu'lit  ..i-I  usirli 


5-s,  HISTORY    01      SKNKCA    COt'STY. 

housekeeping,  hi-  wife  had  her  home  at  her  father's,  in  Sherman  town- 
So  one  Saturday  evening  the  young  Doctor  started,  rather 
late,  however,  to  pa\  a  vis;!  to  his  father  indaw.  and  surprise  the  young 
l(ia  |.  NS  ,,  :.-  ;}u.  i '.ill.  and  tin-  leave-  had  covered  the  road.  Night 
(  lim.  ,,,,.  ami  the  road  vva-  no  ionger  discernable.  The  Doctor  got  out 
-.uidle  and  felt  around  for  the  road  or  path,  but  could  not  find 
;.  ((,.  iji,  ]:oj  hi-  horse  to  a  tree  and  gave  the  "bush  hallo  "  several 
f-ni,..,  ii'it  nohodv  responded  only  the  owls.  The  Doctor  came  to  the 
((>IU'  i-imi  that  the  trouble-  of  a  married  life'  had  commenced  in  dead 
came-:  Alter  crowing  around  through  the  woods  tor  two  or  three 
hour-,  a  !ad\  act  Mentally  heard  him  and  answered.  She  got  a  man  up 
«.-.!t  of  lied,  and  sent  him  after  the  strange  voice.  The  man  was  afraid 
that  i!  mi^ht  be  a  panther,  but  found  the  K»l  Doctor,  and  took  him  to 
ft,,.  ),,,;!-e.  It  was  the  house  of  a  stranger,  however,  and  two  miles' 
aw.iv  from  'die  hou-e  of  the  Itride.  In  the  morning  the  horse  was  found 
:i!1,i  ,  ared  lor.  and  a  new  start  taken  for  the  father-in  law.  Fie  took 
l>reak:.i-t  with  hi-  wife'-  people,  and  they  all  had  a  good  laugh  at  the 
1  »,..  to.-'s  ni^ht'-  adventure. 

>i-:ici  a   b'hn.  who  \\a-  executed  on  the  reservation,  as  already  related. 
;n!  ;hro'!_h   Reed,,  and  had  a  wigwam    on  the   knoll  where  Dr. 
V,        iiiis'  ho-.-e    now    stands,    in     i,S.n-2.      Ills  visits   (  ontinued  up    to 
i  ,x          a:M    lie    _eneral!\    brought    lii -   whole   tamiiy    with    him.      At    an 
t  •,  i ;      _  nii-al.  anii  while  a  large  kettle  oi  hot  water   was  suspended  on  a 
n\i-r  ']:••  lire,  a  daughter  of  Seneca   |o'nn    was  lying  on  the   ground 
In  fme  tin-  fire.       1  he  pole  w  a-  nearly  burn!  through.,  and  broke,  spilling 
t ':.-..•  ho'  water  ov    :   the  i  hild.      They  wrapped  her  in  a  blanket  and  took 
l.i-i   to  t!>i  e  near  b\ .  %\  here  Dr.  \\Tlliams  attended  her.      Inrem»n-- 

ii,_  the  blanket  the  ile-h  o!  tiie  poor  sullerer  I'.t'.-rally  clung  to  it.  iea\'- 
inj  her  .ilmo-t  a  -keii-ion.  Dr.  \\illiam-  did  all  in  liis  power  to  relieve 
l.'-r  -'::'(  rinjs.  In:  death  a--i--led  him. 

Alter  her  <'.<   ith   \\  i'liam  U'i'liam-  made  a  sled,  to  be  drawn  by  hand. 
M-V    o!     Imlian    boys    and    a    mournful  cortege   conveyed    the 
i>".r\in_,    ground.      Seneca    lohn   became   a  very 
w  inn  :r;cnd  to  Dr.  N\ 

-';mni'-ro!    i  -  ;.}  -ome  nio\ cr-  [Ki-sed  through    Keedtown.  who 
'••'-:.  ve.tis  ni  aje.      In  the  night  he    was    taken  sirk. 
•  !' holer. i.      lled.nl.   and  was  buried   before  morn- 
it,.,,  and  •':.'•  !!!•>!' :  :  i'  p  U'MUs  \vent  on. 

are   -,\  ••  •  r\   _ood  (  hun  h  editue-    in   Rerd.      The    township    is 
-•  hool  ho'iM-s  and  a  good  <  orps  of  teachers. 


RKKl>     1  "UN  -II  IP  ;;S^ 

they  made  the  Fort  Hall  circuit  extend  east  to  include  .1  p.irt  .if  Muro:; 
county.  The  j>rea< 'her  appointed  lor  th:>  i  irriiit  w.i->  a  very  \  otni::  man 
by  the  name  <>:  Ar/a  I'.rown.  He  had  a  ri:>e  nd.iu'  horse,  with  wh:<  h 
he  swam  the  creeks  anil  r.\er-,  tsin.,'  a  s-i;:  ..t  dr\  lio'hrsi.n  h> 
shoulders.  These  he  |>'.it  on  h'-lorr  }.• 
wiiioweil  mother  l:\eil  at  >a!i'i'i-k\  llr  wa-  we] 
everywhere,  an>!  amo'i^  t!io>c  a'.sii  ;h.i:  i!.<l  ::  • 
He  bi'came  a  \er\  able  j^re K  !iei  He  a!'e:  w.i:  .i 
where  he  '!:ei!  soon  alter  'he  relic!!;,  ,n.  e;Ji'\  tin 

(  >ne  very  ha|'[>v  ieatnre  -n  irontier  isle  was  tin- 
the  soi  ie!y  amon-s!  the  o'.ti  ami  \o".iu  I'  was  .1 
the  winter  time  to  \  is;;  -ouie  ne;_;hiio!  ;\\  :hr  e\e 
were  iisti  hcil  to  a  sK-tl  with  a  b->\  l'':i!  of  -tr.tw.  :!i 
SOUR-  nei_;h!iors  aUo. 

Armeilat  t!ie  hou-e.  tlie  i  h.'niren  a:n!  wonieti  \ 
the  lar_re  !:u  k»i\  fire,  .iii'l  alter  ti;s|ios;!i^  ,,<  .1  me 
cake,  potatoes.  t'.irni]>s,  sij'i.ish.  wiM  Crapes,  h-m.- 
mem  ed.  wliiih  often  l.iste.i  'iMt;!  •!.<•  ilaw:;  old 
ishetl  the  i!am  ers  that  the  i  o\\s,  horses,  -'^-e;. 
to  l)i'  [i  n  )kei  1  al  tel\ 

At  these  il.uii  e-  it  was  o:teii  --:r!.r!-.;..:  :  •  ••  :!: 
move  over  !'he  jrm-eon  :'oor  u.-!;  •;;  -pr  :,_a 
and  witii  i  _!ai  e  an-i  jentie  me.i:.  ti:  it  wo  .:•!  ,!>. 
i  )1  these  latl  er  ila\  -. 

••  l','n  k  ami  !-riJ«  "   hit.  h.-l    i_  ii;i   •  .   th. 
with  i  n'.i!  .  !i;cken  ..r  •  »\<\  \»>r%  a:,.i   ,  .-r:i.  ake    :,,, 
all   kartell  tor  home,  all  h  ii>j.\    in  has  :iu  h  ni  .t  . 

in    |  i:      A  .'    i.-lu-i-    ti;:..:\    'l.ere  ue: 


,.,,;•,  |x,  ;;,-.    and  \\hom  \mi  \\ell  knew  .  was  lioru  in  New 

17,,;       ||,.    v.  :e-   a,    ^oldier    in   the    war  of   ML*.     Motiier. 

.1  ,   v,.,,  hum   A '.'id  -'"I.  17:' ;.  in  Tio_;a  county.  Pennsylvania. 

\,,--:i->;    j'.'th.    !xl:'..    in    Seneca  coiinty»  New  York,  and 

,   „•,  ,i!ii\.    in    ihal    Mai'1,    unlil    ihe  -prin^  of  |s:;j.  when  they 

,;ii  \\  illi  a  faniil>  ot'  six  iio\s«:iml   two  ur iris,  ami  settled 

i>;  .,,.,   (,;  -,,,;;,,:;'-,,.   u.ir'diweM    quarter  of  sect  ion  one.     They  bought   the 

,,,;.,    \|  ;      [  ).|'.  I-.   U  h"  had   elitel'ed    il  . 

„  ,.;..,,;•  a  t'-\\  ;  >'-e-  chopped,    and    I  he    1  H  H  I  \  .  if  a  IOL;-  cabi  n  erected 
,.,,.       Tin- fami!)  Ma\ed  al  Captain    I  lanford's  hotel   until   father 
,  .;,  r  i,,,\-  ,-ul  and  -pl:l  clapboard-^  an  I  In-wed   pmmvon  for  the  Moor 
,,;,,;  ,|, ..,••-.     Tiien  \\e  ino'.ed  in!"  i  he  cabin. 

-)-,,,.,,,  ;\  1,1..,  ,     niothel    had    !o    do    her  I'ookin.i:    \\  as  a  kind  of  a  lii'e-]i]ace 

,.,,(,;,',     MOII.-^.    |i.-i\\eeii    i  \\  o   oal-;    stump^.    from    about  the  lioth  of 

\ .  .   •    ,;..-,;•    ;!,,•    1^;    ot    AM-Ti-,-,!    thai    year.     1;    l  >ok  a  barrel  of  llour  and  a 

!,,_.  eo;-||  lll'-a!  e\  er\    loin    Weeks  to  feeil   Us  all.      The     bread    Was   baked 

,,,  .,  •  :i  ;,••',  ,  ;.,:  b.-i  u  eeii  tlin-e  oak   stump-. 
I)..;),,    I  •_•;'' da\  o!  Api:i    the   cattle   could  L,ret  a  irood  living  ill  tlie  woods. 

\\  ,    ,,.. , , -.;,,.,!  thei! i  all  da> .  and  a!  ni-'ht  we  pill  a  bell  on  one  of    them  and   let 
_,,,      ^.,111,-tini'--    It:'-    l'o\-    uniiid    have    to    hunt   a   week   to  find  them 
a-'.i-i'    i ",'  j'  iieva ' :>  i!i'-\  \\ereinlieaiinirdistaiice. 

•fi,,.  in  -t  v.  !i'-a!  \\  ••  raided  father  ;o,.k  to  Cold  <  'i'eek  with  an  ox  carl  to  tr-'t 
_..,,;;!,,;.     I;  took  nearh  a  \\eek  to  make  the  trip. 

\j  ,  \oiin_', •>!    broth.'!     \\,:-    'ion;    attei-    we    came    here.  August  I'ith.  Is;;,;. 
:,m;;.!'N  o]  -.'\en  bo\  -  and  I  wo  urirls.  all  now  liviiiLtexcept  the  olde>i 

\io-.i, ,•!  amt  t!:e  u'irN '-arded    ami  spun  llie  \von|    and   Max.    wove  the  cloth. 

;i!,d  cut  . Hid  made  »iir  i-loihe-.  ;  ihe   tow-lini'ii    for  summer  wear  and  liusey 

u, „,;„.-,   |,.r  \s  iniei   \\ear.     Tln-\  al>o  made  bacs.  to\\e!s.  table-cloths,  sheets 

.;  :p~  ,,f  i!,,\ .  raided,  pulled,  rotted  and  dressed  h.\  the  famih  .   The 

Mi    .  .1.  I'.  .Nfooi-e.    -pun    Max  al    Fremont  at  the  celebration 

,,;  :  -:.-  PCiit'-nnia!  d-a  pal  l\    •  •!   1  !"-!<  MI  ha 

M. ,!},.-!       :•-,!    M.i>    •  ~-    '     ,        Kiim-re.  Ohi".      l.-'ather  died  April  lUth. 

I'.  .         i  -    i  ',(•!,!.(•;•    \\  ;-.-.  1  \\<-  ill  -t    po -i  1 1  la -! .  - 1     a  pp"i  lit  e,|     here,    but   Wo  Illi  I    Hot 

.••,1-upi'i.   \\  ;",!.i       Ki         ' '.'.  a-  appoint  I'd.      Knapp  wasa  storekeeper. 

•  >  a  Mr.  A<  ;.,  !,-\  .  \\  ho  v.  a-  killed  b\  t  he  t  all  i  IILT  <  if  a  bent  in 

•    llu:       MI  Co'.e.     .lolni     Kiii'iv    hid    hi>    le^-  broken  b\    Ihe 

M  .  I'M'  d  ;  ;.'•  i  'arn.      lr--p-"-ti  n!]\   \  our  friend. 

T.   M.    KI-LLKY. 

I'..  '    ()'"::    !,'-•  Reed    is  al'.ii^etlu-r  a  farming 

.    Mi'',  pi-'id'ife-  _i-'-.it  crops,    rapidly  increas- 
Th      }>•  aittiiul    -'  hool  houses  in   Reed 
1   '.'i-'C  "i  eilm  atioii    is  not  neglected. 


CHAPTER    XL 


SCIPIO   TOWNSHIP. 


I.     J,     N.     R.     1 6     K. 

Nobody  will  now  dispute  tin-  tact  that    the  . \n\vays  were  the  first  who 

idt  P. tilled    their   names    with    the   early   settlement   of  Se.ipio    township. 

About  the  time   ot"  the   land    --ales    at     Delaware,  William  Anway.   from 

io.('a\'.u'a  county.    New  York,    settled  in  the  woods  upon  land  that 

;-  r.ou  embraced  within    the  geographical  limits    of  this    township.      It 

..ud    :ha'  when  Mr.  An\va\   arrived    and    located  here  in  iSsi.  there 

were    two    families   living  upon    the    school    section,    who    soon    moved 

a  ^  .  i  \ . 

The  i.ite  Mr.  1  auuhery,  the  father  of  my  old  friend,   lames  I.au^hery. 
w.is   tlie   first    man   who   purchased  land    in   this   township,  but  the  first 
;•  rc<  ordcd  lor  land  pun  ha-rd  in    the   countv    was   that  mentioned 
'!>'!.••  hi-1.'  >r\   of  ( 'iinton,  by  a  Mr.    Anway. 

< '.     I.    We-tbro<>k.     |ohn    \\  n^ht.    Adam    I  lame.    Abraham  Spencer, 
Ni'  :.>'.-.  Mr.  Stevens,  Mr.  (  isborn.  Timothy  !'.   Roberts,  .Morrison 
MI  M.  ,"'..     1..    II.     Urown,    Srth    !•'.   hosier,  Nathan  I-'o.ster  and  William 
i ',    Ma'T.ews.in  ma\   be  nu-ntioned  as  rarlv  settlers. 

Mention  has  ;iiready    been  made   ot    the  time  and  manner  of  or^ani/- 

;i...  •''•'•<'  :own-liip.  .me'  that  i:    then    took    in   keed  and  contained  sixteen 

ii.'s.  (•:<  .      1:    was  also  stated    that   Mr.  Anway  named  it  after  his 

"in-    ,n   \>  'A    \  ork.      The    t;me   and  manner  of  its  survey  was   also 

,:,-,.•,,,,,:  ':,  i  !..  <;,'«,-  x. 

c  or^ani/ation  was    prest.-nted    to   the  count}'  com- 

o!    I  >ei  ember.    1X^4.      'I  he  petit  ion  was  granted. 

•  '  .on  ordered  to  be  held  on    the  following  2^, th  day 

.   i  ••-?-}      (   hi   -tmas  day.      At    this   election    seventeen  votes 

•     '   i).-:,   thirteen    rec  ei\'eii    office,  leaving   but  four 

•s()\erei^n  peo]ile."  ;ind  the  other  thir- 

MS    Impe    that  this   distinctive   feature  in 

itut:uii>  may  ever  -o  remain:    that  our  jmblic 


officers  ->li.i!l  be  regarded  .i>  public    >erv.mt>    «»n!v  .ind 
ted  t»  become  our  lii.i-ter-..       Si  i  HMte  it  be. 

At  thi-  !ir-t  eiei  ti»n  in  S<:;.i<>  \\'::!:.i:u  i;.  M.ith<-\v 
clerk;  l»hn  \\  ri^ht.  Seth  I.  h.ster  and  |.>n.ith.in  N 

lifter;    \\'illi.uu     \r,w.iy.    treasurer,    I'.inu-i    :•-     I      \\  •  -• 
ri-.on  Mi  Milli-n.  i.in>t.iliU-s;    Idin  . \nw.n    u.d  I     H.   |;r, 

Until  Ko,  kv    ,  reek    .U'.d    \ViSI.iw    ,  leek    nut    thf  ••:>•! 
yet    Mr.    liuttcrtield    ,.iy>    in    hi>    hi^.-rv.  |«  ,-   i  .-; 

stream  ol  sv.iter  in  t'ne  :o\vn>hip." 

In  iS.jo  the  pt  i  jiiil.it  i(  m  n[  S(  ;]'',<  i  \v. i-  i .;  ;'i.  '1  !  e  ;.  .\< 
1\  inire.i->cd  :ii  \ve.ilth  >;nie  th.it  t;me.  \>".'.  :e^^  -•>  ::i 
i  ->;j  it  \v.i>  i.(>.)::  in  iS.s  ?  i;  i-,  i.-  ;o. 

1 1 1  i  >>  ;  }  S ;  1 1 !  i  e  \  S  m ;  t  h  (  .  i  U  ^  e  ( 1  1 1 1  be  --ur\e\ed  !  i  '.';.: 
t  he  •  ' '!  'iier-  <>:  M'(  tinli>  Iilteen.  sixtei-il.  t\\e!it\  oi'.e  i: 
town.  whi.  h  h.  ,  ailed  Kepub!;.  .  DM-  ;,1  .,  e  w.i>  kti-.-.v 
.1-  S<  ipio  Center.  K.  M.  >!n  .<-ni.iker  n..\v  in  <';;-..  ;nn 

\. lain   H  in.  «•  .in-!   b.hn  \Vi-:ji:  h.id  '-:;:ercd  3fa     ,M. 

i .  i ; .  d  u  j  n  1 1 1  \\  i ' '.  (  ' :  t  h  t  •  1 1  >  \\  1 1  w ;  i  ••  !  i  :<  !•'•;:..:  i  :  i  i  •  •  \t-ir   i  -  j 
the  IMM    ii.il  \\  ;•:  'in   the  \veM   :>  ir!        b-lm  \\  i     '':•.'   ;,  ..'• 


-,  o?;e  of  the  leading  nirii  of  llu1  Democratic  party  of  the 

:n<  r    lie   <  .tine  here.      lie  \va>  justice  of    the  peace  in   Re- 

•:d    :!u-   otticc   of  postmaster  there  lor  sixteen  years.      He 

nbei    of   'hr   comcntion    that  formed  the  present  constitution 

hi   iSi>;  !n-  wa->  elected  a  member   ot    the  house  ot    represent- 

,  , ,1  ihc  '  >h:  sl.itnrc.   anil  was  re-elected  in   I^OQ;   was  a  mcm- 

•    t  liiio  senate  :n   i  ^7  ;.  and  last  winter  was  appointed  l>v  ( iov- 

;,,,.    |  ii-ter,  .1  nienilier  of  the  board  ot    directors  ol  t'ne  (  )hio  peniten- 

:.irv.       lie   lleiieral    is   still    vigorous   and   active.      Mrs.    Stickney   is  a 

;.i,l\  of  refined  mind,  and  both  are   highly  esteemed. 

Alter  the  new  line  of  the  Cincinnati.  Sandusky    <.V    Cleveland  railroad 

\v.i>  made  straight  through  trom  Sanduskv  to  Tiffin.  Dellevue,  Lodi  and 

Republic  were  left  out  in  the  cold,  and  the  change  played  mischief  with 

Republic.      I'l'isincss    \\cnt  all  to  pieces,    houses    were   deserted  and    the 

:n\\:i  -,0011  .i-'-'Mncd  a'i  air  of  general  dilapidation.      It  remained  in  that 

§  o'ldiiion  until  the  makinu'oftlu    I'.ab  inn  ire  *.V  <  )hio  railroad,  which  has 

:;;•>!  d  new  life  into  Republic.  ;ind    much   business   is  done   there  now. 

\  !:  a-.',  of  Republic  is  a  lar^e   three  story  brick  building  that  was 

op.i  e  :!;e  >ei\'  <  a  county  academy.    It  was  incorporated  by  an  act  passed 

M.'.n  !i     ;.    I'^^i.    and    or^ani/.ed    'r'ebruary    S.    1844.      The   capital    stuck 

S  v    co.  and     was    divided  into   ^oo   shares    of    >io  each. 

e  were  nine  tru-lees.      Timothy  I*.   Roberts  was    the  first  |)resident. 

h.    I'.  S;ii  kney  was  the  treasurer:    S.  \V.    She]iard.  jirincipal.      Theinsti- 

tion  'iouri^hed  for  many  vears   and    the    name    of  Schuyler   has   _^iven 

'    1:1  aiiii'i-:   undying  lame.       I;  is  to   be  regretted  that  the  academy  was 

i-\  rr  permitted    to   tail.      It    could   and  should  have  been  s:i\'ed.      It  \vas 

1  '  r '•'!:'  '"  Reji'ibhc  and  to  Seneca  countv. 


\'..is  liurn  ;ii    Middlctnuii.  ( 'onix-cticnt.  June  I!.  17-i. 

-   I'armis  muM-il   \\ith   their  i'ainil\  t"  '. \Iassaehusrtts  ami 

hire  eiiiint  \ .     'l'imc'tli\     li\n|     \\itli    his    parents  at  Lee 

il     '  -lu'lit'-eii  \i;iis.  \\hcii     lie    \sas    apprent  ieeil    to 

Mi'-  trailt- nl' ;i  \\  lici-|\\  riirlit.      He   nmvcil    with  Deacon 

'•\ti"t    L'teki-.  (';i\  iii£;i  cuiinty.  New  ^"((]-k. 
'i  i  i:  i  .  I  sii-.  lir  was  ini'T-iiiarrifil  \\  it  h  I>'li<i  la  <  'had  wick. 
'I;      u-hnsi'tts.    ;m  I    srttle'l    in    Si-ipiu.  New  York.     This 


5S9 

union  was  blfssr.l  with  >t-\i-n  elul.lirn.  thn-.-  »i  \\li"in  <li«-<!  MI  mlanr>. 
Kin Ii ia.  nn\\  tin-  u  it.-  "1  <  i.-m-ial  \.  T.  Mi.-ktir)  .  aii-1  ,lan«-.  tin-  \v  iff  .•!  »  v 
J  Icntli-r.  an-  all  that  1 1- ma  in  "!  tin-  laimU  .  ••  \«  ••}<'  u'raii'l  rhii.iM-n. 

Mr.   IJol'i-i  t-  riniiMatfi  I':  "in  Sri ).;...  V-u    Y"i  k  .  !••  -«  i;>i"    MI  *M-I:«-<  a  n  •un- 
it.( )h  in.  \\  ilh  It  i*>  fain  il)  .  in  HJ'i.  ami   i-nti-i  ••«!    I'"  .i«  i.--  •  •!   l.m>l.  up"ii  "ii« 
halt  "I  \\hiel,  I,,-  iv>!. I.-.!  th.-  l.alan.-.-  "I    h:>  .la\^.      Th--  ..;l,i-i  .---h:\  a.  !••>  I.. 
-a\e  t"  lii^  ,.].|i->t  >"ii.    .\n-.-l  i  .  II..I..-H-. 

Mi.  !J..I,.-M-  .11. -.1  al  :!,-•  a-.-  "!  •<;  \..ll~.  7  m-nth-    ,i..i    i7  •! 
«\  .lannarv  .  l-1^.      NI  r>.   Kh'"la  K"i'i-i  i  >'!:•••  1  .it  i  In   i  •  •  "-.•!•  -n-  .  >'l  ln-i  .!.iiijlit«-i 
I  j  11  ma.  Mai  ch  :;1 .  !  -7_.  a  _'<•'!  -"\.ai-.  1  ni"n:  h  an- 1  niin-;«  «-n  il.i\  «•. 

j  a<  t  iy  hnih .    he  iiad    a    la:_;e.  we!!    !>a';amed    head,   and    a    -v  r. 

t  .oiled,  manly  co-.intenam  e.      He  u  .i>  o:  ta;r  i  "ip.j'lev.on.  ~io;>y  •  •:  •>; 

«•;'  clear  judgment  and  >tron_:    in  h:>  dec  >;.  .n.      He  \\  a>  IM  n'.i.  \  .  ;•:•>•>. 

<  allv  and  im  irail\    >' :'•  m^. 

\\hen   Mr.    \Vilii.ini    Anwav    .  ame    to    thi-    •"Ai^h:;.,    ;n    i— i. 
eleven  iliiMreti;    the  oldest  wa^  twenty  oiievear^  old.  and  t!ie  \.>'::.^e-t 
but  two  year^.       He  ii'iilt  the  lir^t  <  .iliiii    here,    \\:t!i  t!ie  heiji  •>:  in-,  lain 
i'.  v  and  one  man      iienjamin  1 1  'int'ey,  troin  H  nron  (  <i';nt\  .      M  r    A:;wa\ 
and  hi-,  son  i  ut  the  t'ir-t  road  tliro-i.;h  the  wood-,  to  1  .M;n.  w:nd::;.;  a'."!.;.' 
oil  the  hi_;he-,t  ground  tliey  i  oi;!d  Iiml.        \nua\'--    .  ali.n    -'.""!  neat   the 

<  orner  oi  the   Marion  --tate  road  and  the    >o'i<.h    T:ttin  road.        I  i."    -i"': 
i>  now  i  overed  hy  a  circle  ot  [>;ne>  planted  there  ;n  mem^rv  o;  the  tir-t 
h.omc   ot'  the    Anway    t.unilv.        1  !:e   <  inldren    ol     \\  ;'. ham     Anua\    were 
John.  Sn^an,  U'iiliani,  (leor^e.  l-.inny,  A'l^tni.  Kra--!u>.  Hannali,  Harr: 
>on  ami  1'hoelie. 

Mo>e-,  Smith  p'lt  'ip  a  >inali  trame  !>uildiii^  a<  ro,>  ;iie  ro.iil  :r.>m 
Anwav>.  ;n  \\hu  li  he  kept  a  store. 

Robert  h-itton  wa>  the  tir^i  man  that  d.;ed  in  th:^  towi,>!:.p.  and  \\.t» 
Iciried  on  ii;>  tarm.  wlii<  !i  is  now  owm-d,  }>\  Mi.  I  rav.k  I  o\.  \\  . 


;n     the    town-lr.p.       Marv.    the    d.r.uhter    oi     |o':,!:    Ar.w.u.    \v.i>, 
white  child,  liorn    in    the    !own>hi;..      >h.e    ;•>    now    the    \v.:e    oi 
\\.no\.    living    in    Kej  i:il)i'.i  .       Her    lather'-,    ua>     r!;e     ti:-:     iii.i 
>(  :p:o  [ownship.       lohn  ;>  ^!;ii  li\:n_;  at  t!;.^  \si.tin... 


bank  of  Ro<  k\  <  reck.  There  was  .1  very  old  Indian  among  them,  who 
had  lar_;e  silver  rin^  in  hi-  nose.  lie  was  in  the  habit  of  boasting  that 
he  had  the  tongues  of  ninct\  nine  while  men.  and  needed  just  one  more 
to  make  one  hundred.  The  Indian-  often  stayed  over  night  at  Mr. 
•Mewart  -. 

An  hibald  Mewart  AM-  born  on  the  <>th  of  June,  1797.  in  Lycoming 
iinjiiiv.  lVnn-\  iv.mia.  He  wa-  raised  on  a  farm,  and  married  Martha 
|,,hn-on.  who  d:ed  here.  He  is  about  live  feet  nine  inches  high,  has  a 
'•ci  u'.iar  deep.  -oin>rou-  \oi<e,  i-  \\ell  proportioned  and  well  preserved; 
••,.is  i.ir^i-  blue  eve-,  a  tine  Sorehead:  hi-  heavy  head  ot  hair,  which  was 
nM«e  a  dark  blown,  lias  become  white  b\  the  heavy  trosts  ot  Scipio 
:  In-  -till  walk-  erect,  and  i-  as  good  and  interesting  in 
.  mi\  er- i:i«!i  a-  ever,  bidding  fair  to  become  a  centennarian. 

M:.  U.i.ii  !'•.  Witter  tell-  me  that  in  i  Sj  -  Jonathan  Witter,  Sr.,  moved 
:ro:n  ()n:.iriii  cor.nty.  New  \'ork,  into  Reed  township,  near  Captain 
I  Lmford'-  and  I  >r.  dilbert'.-.  The  writer  knew  Mr.  Witter  very  well, 
l-i. n  !'•.  h.a-nowli\ed  in  Scipio  o\ei  torty  years. 

1'hilip  ar.d  Adam  Sieinbaugh.  Humphrey  Bromley.  Michael  Hendel, 
b'hn  \.  dale,  i 'hancev  Kundell.  J.  If.  hrake.  Dr.  Maynard,  AN'illiam 
I'arker.  S\l\e-ter  \\'at-on,  the  Neikirks.  A.  II.  and  R.  ('..  Perry  and 
M;i  ii.iv-'.  (  'hambcrlain  ma  al-o  be  -aid  to  belon  to  the  ioneers  here. 


When  ,i!i"U!  twenty    year-    old,   emigrated    from  Madison  count}'.    New 

\  ork.  to    1'homp-oii  township,    in    thi-  county,   where  he  arrived   at   his 

!ep  fatlier'-.  Joseph   1'hilo.  on  the  <j\.\\    of  <  >dober,   iS^i.      In   1X^2    the 

'   I'.-ijuire     Knight'-    cabin,  a  tew    rods  east   of   |ohn 

l\o\i-r>.  \\  i     ilwell  voted    for   Jackson  lor   president  of  the    I'nited 

:n  'I  hoin]  -on  two  years,    and  then  went    to  Amsden's 

!c\'ic   .    win-re    he    built  a  wagon  and    carriage  shop,   and 

year-,  when    he    returned  to  New  York, 

.and     :    turned    here,  located    in   Republic    in 

•.<•.!  on  ;i;,     same  street    ever  since.      Here 

in    ami    carriage  business   until 

.    '-         I  lie  people  clr<  !cd   him  town-hip 

.u  :  hr    i  hen  new  '  >  iwn  hall,    in    the 

"!!ii  e  ;or  •  went  \    \  ear-,  until  -t  ricken 

'..'  •'  ot  :  i  iwn-hi|  >  clerk  eleven 

en  v:  ar-;  he  w  is    ma\'i ir  of  Re- 

'   me :  a     member  oi  t  he  board 

'''  -  •    •  I  )ur:n^   the-e    ion-    vears 


Si   11-10     loWNsHIl'.  591 

of  official  life  he  transacted  .1  urc.it  <lc.il  of  ir_-.il  !>u-,ine«,<,.  settling  estates 
of  deceased  per>on->  and  attending  to  guardianships.  iVirin^  and  >im  c 
the  war  he  attendeil  to  >oldicr->  <  la;m>  iree  oi  <  li.ir^e,  .111  1  until  .1 
licence  ot'<io  was  required.  Tlu^  he  p.i:d  tor  ei^h',  year-.,  and  hi-, 
work  in  that  line  increased  until  mi  the  .'7:'::  dav  oi  1  'ec'-ml»er.  i*~->. 
he  NV  is  stricken  with  para!v>is.  when  tor  several  mouths  hi-  could  not 
write.  lie  rerovercd  ->'!f!i<  ientiy.  In  >we\  <••-.  !o.i"--nd  to  m-t.inal  am! 
•  it  her  oftii  e  l»u-ine>s  in  his  i  ••  >o:n.  where  he  is  •  •  »n  lined  m  >•>:  •  •'  :!:••  tun-- 
\er\oiiN  rheum. i! i>ni  in  h:>  lee',  and  ie^  interl-'ie  w.*!j  ;::>  w.u\in^vrry 
ni'it  h.  and  he  :;i»e".  o-it  only  i>n  <  ie.ir.  \\arni  iia\>. 

I  riend  <  '"Iwe'.l    said     tn    me     :n    a    ie'ter.    de-«  n!>i:u    'he  !)'MMtie->    of 
Thompson  in  ;'-«  w;id  >tate: 

All  Ihf  land  al-.-ui  Flat  li'i.'k  i.  •-..  ulin.-  :;  ha-  li.-ni  l.ii;i;  -:!,,•.•  u.i-  ., 
\\ildprairif.  In  tti**  spring  tiin*'  lai'i^«-  '•!  •>')»  "I '  lii-i  IML;''  •>]<'.  an -4  up.  and  in 
Ma>  and. him-  it  \\a-  t!i«-  i\i«^\  l>raiiti!nl  i!"\\>-!'  ^ai-di-n  I  ••'.  -T  -lu  u:'d 
llnwt-r>  "f  all  t''irm>.  shrtpi-^  and  enlnr>.  i-qual  !•  <  an\  '-nil  :\  at--d  i!.>w ••!••«.  ^a\  •• 
a  dfliiihtt'ul  1'rairranet1  I"  all  that  euiinlr>.  *»ip"w'«.  eat-in.  IM-I  ill  i-t'  u  II-TI- 
Flat  Knek  mi\\  >taiid^.  \\a-  tin-  i>nl\  hiiiuaii  hal-itati»n  in  a!!  tliat  i'<-xri»n. 
ThiTf  \\rn-  lai'LTe  herds  ..|'  i|.-c|-  iMamiiiLT  ->\  fi  !  h---'  [-raini--..  Tli--\  i-mil-l  l-i- 
-M-en  almnst  aii>  linn-  - -('  ila>  ^\\  iiiLrni'-T  tln-ir  ant  1-M  ->  a-  ttn->  ej-.ipp.-.l  ;ln- 
hfi'liaLr-'.  The  -M-rut-iN  \va>  \\ild  and  ur!'and  lu-xi-ml  di->et  iptimi.  a  p»-i  fret 
( lanlfii  i>t'  Fdrn.  t-\ecpt  tlic  apples.  \Vht-n  t'n-xt  killf-1  t  hr  \  ••^'•tai  i-  >n  an-1 
the  '_rra-s  liad  Ix-cuini-  dr\  .  liro  >\sc|-i  all  «\  rr  the  emint  r\  and  Idt  it  I -are. 
Tlie  Indian^  -<-t  it  un  tin-  fur  hunting  |nii]iu-c>. 


\\  a->  Imrn  oil  tlie   ;ih  day  oi    lanuary,   iSo'i.  in   I-'reder;«  k  <  oun'y,  Mary 
land,  the    ^-m    uf  d'homa^,    and  Mary    I'-'-ld.      They  arrived  in   Furt   I5a!i 
i 'ii  t!;e  M!I    n\    Aui;'i->t.    iX-vS,  and    th-'    wh->le    l.tmily    ^ouii  thereai'.er  -•'•'. 
tied  in  the  m>rthwi.  -tern  part  nl    Scipio  to\vn>hip.      There  were,  !-e>'.iie> 
the  parent.  tl:ree   !>rother>    .in-1    tw-i    -<:^!er-.  and   e.u  !i    h.ad   a    p'e<  e   of 
iand  in  tli. i!   nei^hl  M  irhi  >•  ><  1. 

Nath.aniel    Norri>  \\a>    married    to    .me    <>l    the  _:rl--  1:1    Mar\'  i:.-i.  and 
:!;••  oilier  m.irried   1  nt:    Norri^.  alter  :he  d'"<!-l    l.imiiv   i  ame  «>•:;  here. 

1  ,m.  e    1  o,!.!  iiMi:;     i    (  al.ni    in    the   \\ i>    on    !.:-  owtj  '  md  and  a:vi- 


$f)2  HISTORY    OK    SKNF.CA    COUNTY. 

came  into  this  neighborhood  soon  after  the  Todds  settled  here;  also 
John  Hall. 

After  the  reservation  came  into  market,  the  country  settled  up  very 
rapidly,  and  -non  the  land  was  all  taken  up.  Then  roads  were  opened, 
land  cleared,  and  houses  put  up.  so  that  it  began  to  look  like  an  old 
i  *  i  • !  n  t  r  v . 

\!:.  I' "Id  ha--  about  s^ventv  five  acres  cleared  and  about  thirty-five 
-  in  woods.  lie  helped  to  open  and  start  six  farms  in  this  neigh- 

irhood.  and  Mill  lives  on  the  place  where  he  located,  fifty  two  years 
•  i_< >. 


I 


CHART  EH   XL  I. 

SI-:NKCA   TOWNSHIP 

•  i  .   i  ,  N.  K.    i  .;    i  . 

N  -HUH-  pee1,  ions  <  hapter  nient;,  ui  wa>  made  «\  the  township  of'  Sen  - 
•  .1.  -A  hen  first  or-am/ed.  enilira,  :n_;  .1!!  th  '.'  part  »!  Sene<  .1  •  m:nty 
l\:t'^  west  MI  thr  S.  unlucky  river.  K\er\  town-hip  tls.it  \v.i>  <  •:  •^.uii/'-'i 
i,  this  territory  atter\\ards  redm  ed  i!  ;n  s-/t-  tint  :i  :mall\  ::  \\  ,i>  <  <  nihned 
In  .'>  proper  _;o>-r.tphi<  al  liini'^  Sn-  <  haj-trr  \. 

I  IK-  iir>t  clci  t'.i  ni  lu-ld  in  lh:>  t'  >\\  n-h:p  wa>  on  M<  mi  la\  ,  r!ic  i  >t  -i.iy 
ol  |U;K-.  iSj.;,  while  Sciici  a  rount\  \\a^  ^till  a  par'  <>\  Sa;i'lu-k\  i<>'i:i;\. 
At  thr  next  aiiiiual  i-!ci't;oii  tin.4  Inllowiii;,  otlii  rr>  \\  err  <  hi  >^<.::\.  \i/ 
\\\  •-:  I'.arr.ry,  |ohn  I.a\  anil  I»a\:il  R:-i!on,  tru>u-<.-->;  |"hn  Lat'  >n,  <  'u-rk. 
it  :>  >ai(!  that  lie  naiiu-d  l.iicn  !ow;i>!::p  alter  hiMi>r!t  ;  llrii;a:n:n  I'.ar- 
nc\  .  1  1'(  a^Mi  rr.  •  l:r  >t  .I!  h\  I-N  in  1'ikr  <  onnty  .  I  Ihnoi  >.  •  ;  I  '  ^rp!i  KrlK-r 
ami  I'.in.rl  l\ic  r,  ;H  t.-rM.-rr->  ot  thf  poor;  |aiiu->  M  ont^-i  niK-r\  .  Lra^tu- 
I'.owr  ami  I«H-1  ('h.attin.  -uperv  ;-or-  .  IV  U'il-on.  l:-tcr:  A-.t  I'lkc.  ap 
prai-cr:  1  l.onia->  NiihoUon  ami  Abm-r  l':kr.  !rm  ••  \:C\M-;>.  |oliT; 
I'n  >M^ii!on  ami  |orl  l.cr.  <  oii-t.i!i!c>. 

\:  tin-  -talc  i-ln  lion  in  tin-  tall  o|  the  >aiiK-  yrar  tin-  whole  nnin!>cr 
.  t  •»  (tte-.  polird  ,n  Sent  <  a  township,  c  .  ,]iipn>s  n_;  aliou!  ;  hi  ce  :•  >urt  !:  >  ot 
thr  whole  <  ounty.  wa->  twrnt\  ^:\.  See  chapter  \.  • 

In  i  \;  -  the  population  h.nl  im  reaped  to  -'MJ.  :n  i  --4  .  to  i  .  ;M  •  :);eii 
>e:i<-(  a  proper  .  in  i'~;7-  '•'  numhered  i.^So.  I;  d;d  :i"t  tea<!;  that 
ir.Mnijrr  in  tS-  .-..  when  ;t  i->  niily  i.^;;. 

I  hi-  earl\    settlers    in    the  to\\n>h:ii,  a->  m-w  i  -  >n^I  ::  •:  te.  1.  \\rte    lleri!\ 

• 

>:  |"hn,  \\':il..iln  Mi  (  'nrni-i  k.  \ie\amler  !'.<  >\\  '  .md.  lohii  (  ia'.lirea'h, 
}'t  :n  \\  eikert.  lo^rph  <  anahan.  \\  .  .  i:ani  keir,  (  alel'  I'.  :  'ind.i^'  .  I  >a:..e 
ll...:'ni.in.  J.il:n  N.iiiiln-r'..  !'.i\:.!  I'...!:1..  U,:'.a::i  Uai'.n^.'.  la-.  ->ta:!,. 
|1<  nianrn  Man...  .11.  l-hn  111  i:r.  Heo,-,-  II,  ,  k.  la,  .  n  \\  .,„ 

ji-.i.c-r.  Jaine.    \  .,.,•::.    I  :•::•.   I  li  ;  :,k,  :  !..  .::.   I  ,.);:-.«:.„        :.(,     .-;•.:-    Re 
-.  :.   la,  »li  Kr-h,    \!ii.   •   N  .  hoA.   I.,!,:,  \\  ;-'n,-::u 

[her,    «.,  .-.-    :i  •]..  .  •   .-.v:  .  -1  .  «  '.,  \\  ,. 


-()4  HISTORY    OF    SENECA    COUNTY. 

a  Wyandot  woman,  and  to  John  Walker,  her  son,  who  was  wounded  in 
the  service  ot  the  I'nited  States.  It  was  a  section  of  640  acres  lying 
mostly  within  the  present  limits  of  Seneca  township,  and  directly  west 
ot  the  Van  Meter  section.  This  grant  was  secured  to  these  Walkers  at 
tin-  treat)  of  iSi;.  at  the  foot  of  the  rapids  of  the  Miami  of  the  Lake. 
The  writer  knew  the  old  lady  and  William  Walker,  another  of  her  sons, 
when  they  kept  store  at  t'pper  Sandusky.  Judge  Lugenbeel  bought  a 
larue  part  ot  the  section  when  the  Walkers  sold  it. 

<  >n  the  iqth  of  April,  1*45.  Henry  K.  Kaestner,  William  Brinkerhoff 
and  John  Campbell  caused  to  be  surveyed,  on  section  nineteen,  a  town, 
to  which  was  given  the  name  of  Berwick  (Mr.  Campbell  came  from 
Berwick,  in  Pennsylvania,  and  named  this  new  town  after  that  old  one. 
The  Berwick  in  Pennsylvania  is  also  the  birthplace  of  the  wife  of  the 
writer,  i  Berwick  is  a  station  on  the  Cincinnati,  Sandusky  &  Cleve- 
land railroad,  eight  miles  from  Tiffin,  and  is  the  only  village  in  the 
township. 

Seneca  is  one  of  the  wealthy  townships  in  the  county.  The  soil  is 
rich  and  under  a  good  s'.ate  of  cultivation.  Its  citi/.ens  are  intelligent 
an'l  enterprising.  Their  homes  exhibit  taste  and  comfort. 

Mention  should  also  be  made  of  some  other  old  settlers  here,  der- 
man  pioneers  that  located  in  Seneca  township  about  the  time  the  writer 
t.ime  to  Tiffin:  John  1  >ock\\  eiler.  Conrad  Schmitt,  Ignat/.  Xeumeyer, 
J"hn  Hoiick,  (ieorge  Weisenberger,  Michael  Wagner,  John  Feck,  Jacob 
Kappler.  Michael  Stippich.  Conrad  Heirhol/er  and  John  Wank. 

I'KANVIS    JOSKl'H     IIIRT. 

I  he  reader   must   excuse   the   space  occupied   in  the  mention   of  this 

s;ibje<  t.      !  would  rather  speak  of  men — yes.  and  of  good  men,  than    to 

describe    brutes.      The   event    I    am    about  to  describe  here  took  place 

nearly  tortv  years  ago.    and    has   almost   been  forgotten.      A  "  logging '' 

meant  the   hauling   together   and    piling   up   of  logs  to  make  a  clearing, 

preparatory  to  the  burning  (>f  thein.      When    the    logs    were   cut   to   the 

proper  length  to  be  handled,    and    everything   was   ready   for  the   work, 

e  neighbors  were,  invited  tor  a  certain  day  to  come  to  the   "  lodging." 

orne  brought  their  o\  teams,    others    their    axes,  and    worked  hard    all 

I'1''  Laboring   women    came    to    help   the    housewife    getting 

s'ipper  tor  the  men.    and    after    supper  it  was   very  usual    to 

i;>d   i  general  good  time.      It  was  very  customary  in  those 

"')'    "i    whisk)-  at  these  loggings,  raisings,  sheep-wash- 

.  and  sometimes  a  man  would  take    too  much. 

"!>    .1    piece   of  torty   acres  in  the  southwest 


SKNKCA     I  OWN  SHI  I'. 


5<>5 


quarter  ot'  section  five,  in  this  township;  Francis  I  Ilirt  also  lived  in 
the  neighborhood,  Hoth  were  at  the  lo^gin^  of  somebody  else  :n  the 
neighborhood,  whose  name  has  e-(  aped  inr.  This  wa>  early  ;n  the 
spring  ot  i.s.ji.  '1'lie  man  tli.it  ii.ut  the  logL'inu.  Hirt,  In  k.  and  perhaps 
the  whole  crowd  were  (irini.in-.  \!!er  s-;pprr  a  d  in<  <•  w.i-  -t.ired. 
Hirt  took  part  in  the  d.m<  e.  !•  ei  k  stood  .it  one  >:dr  <>l  the  room  look 
;n_;  'Mi.  Ilirt  h.id  -i  pot  ket  kmte  in  h;-.  h.ind.  and  !>«••  om;!u'  \ery  bois 
teroiis,  s'  itneb>>d\  tried  to  «|iiiet  him.  ivl  d:iri!ij  ••;••  -n  idd'.r  H;rt 
stahbfd  l-eik  in  the  belly,  i  'ittin:;  a  ter  nine  ^.t-ii.  '..  .;,:i_  •  :t  .i:>  bo^veU. 
and  tVnin  \\)i:i  h  lie  d:rd  in  .1  ^li'Tt  tinir.  ll:rt  u  .i>  .in  <•-*•-  '.  tnd  placed 
;n  tin-  lo_;  iaii  in  Tit'tin. 

Mr  w.i-  ,i  in,  in  near  >;\    N.-et    lii^'li.    wi.-il    proj.ortinne  i.    .n.'l  \rr\    ni'i>- 
i  nlar.       1  1  ;-  i  .irr,.i_;c  w.i>  v-.-rv  >tra;_rht.       H,>    pale    l.u  f  «  o:itra-;e>l    -.cr 


dark.  !la>liy,  larm*  eye.  lie  had  a  \  er\  low  lore  head,  i  'lent  hi'd  lip>.  and 
heavy  lower  jaw;  thi<  k.  short  neck,  and  very  ion^,  b-ru  ar:iii  H:> 
nose  was  short  and  ileshy,  and  iiis  teeth  w«-re  regular  and  b-.-.iMt;t''il  .  in 
ta<  t.  his  teeth  were  the  only  thin^  bea'itit'il  aboii;  !nni.  ll:-,w)io!e 
make  up  jire-en'ed  tlie  liesj.erado. 

i'n  the  j;th  iiay  ot'   May.    iS.p.    the    _rand    j'.iry  presented  an  ;ndn  t 
ment  in  the  i  o;irt  ajaiiist   H;rt.  lor  nnrder  MI  the    tir>l    de^'n  •.;.  and    the 
prose(  ntin:;  attorney.   Mr.   |oel   \V    \\.ison.was    l)'i-;!\    en^aje.l  \,\  -ei,.ir 
HIL;  the  case  tor  trial.      (  'owdery  arid    \V:Noii    were  law  partners   ,tt  that 
tune,  and  the  witnesses  bein^  nearly  a':l  (  ierniaiis.  the  wr.ter.  liien  read 
inu  law  in  the  ottii  e.  was  ot  some  servn  e  to  ;!ie  priisecnt  .n_;  atto;ne_s   ,n 
ascertaining  wli.it  tlie  witnesses  i  ould  testit'v. 

1  nunedi.itel  v  after  the  occurrence.  I  >r.  (  ieor_'e  \\'.  S  unpson.  oi 
Me  Culi  henvi'.le.  w  ,is  -eiit  lor.  who  arr:\ed  while  Mr  1  <•<  k  was  >t:ll 
living.  He  returned  the  intestine-  and  -ewed  up  ih--  \s<>  n;d.  '''•::  lei  k 
had  :ilre.td>  !•«-.  orne  de'iinoiis.  H:r;'-  kn:le  w.i- 
:',  behind  a  ir._'  <  lennan  <  he-t  th  it  -to,  M  i  :;i  ;h<-  room  ',\  :;•••  e  'iir 
i  o  o  k  1  1  1  a  i  e  .  i  n  d  1  1  5  e  n  r  i  r  d  e  r  w  a  s  i  o  n  i  n  i  :  1  1  '  •  d  ,  1  '  -  e  •.  •  ;  \  \  s  t  :  :  i  :  If: 
the  knite  there  ,n'  r  he-  had  <  ut  the  :  f  li  wo-nid. 

I!."  .   ,,.|:          ..i,,!,!,  •:„   edo'l   th,-    j  ,'h    ,1  iy    o;    \|    L\  .     ,  Vp  ,    <      ;*A    d  I 

the   lire  ul   t!:-    .  ..'lit    lio'i-e         i'i'.e  .....  ;-    -i  .-     '.-•:  ••      .  \l.    I1    - 

..n    Monroe   -tr.-.-t.  now  tix--d     up    t,.:     a    d*  •  .  '  •.    M  :     I 
.(•i.irt.  -.1    1  ::iin.      \\  lien  :he  .  a-e                              »':  •  »:.  .,,    .,     i:->::-    1  : 
II,  n  was  ,  ailed.  ,t  w.is  «  on-.n-K-d  ifa 
i;  will  be  reim-n.b   .,-,!  t'n.r    ,-  :{»••    lire 
Mil  at   the  -,-.•  he.  i--  ,  .,rn-r  -.1  tiie  •  ..-;:;  !.••;-••  !<•:.  »a>   -a-..  ••:      II 


^,,6  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

'The  following  named  persons  were  subpoenaed  as  witnesses  for  the 
state  and  put  under  their  own  personal  recognizances  for  their  appear- 
ance^ at  'lie  next  term,  each  in  the  sum  ofSioo,  vi/.:  John  Neunieyer, 
|nhn  Wank.  \Villiam  Kahala,  Josej>h  Ke|)pler,  Henry  Naeth,  John 
Wenu.  l->seph  Mcng.  Joseph  Smith,  Francis  Lenhart,  Anthony  Sanders, 
|osc|ili  Ilummell.  Clements  Marks,  John  Baptist  Ilchert  and  Alexander 
Swart/  Schwart/  i. 

Hir:  broke  jail  and  escaped  to  Canada,  where  he  lived  for  many 
years.  His  wife  instituted  proceedings  in  court,  by  which  she  became 
the  owner  of  all  the  property  of  her  husband,  and  it  was  supposed  for 
a  while  that  she  would  follow  him  to  Canada.  She  was  a  very  pious 
lady,  and  settled  in  New  Reigel,  in  this  county,  near  her  church,  where 
she  lived  until  about  two  years  ago.  She  had  no  child,  but  her  mother 
li\ed  with  her.  Hirt  himself  made  his  way  to  Iowa  City,  Iowa,  from 
whence  he  kept  up  a  regular  correspondence  with  his  wife,  and  finally 
prevailed  upon  her  to  sell  her  property  in  New  Reigel  and  meet  him  in 
Iowa  City.  She  complied,  and  taking  her  old  mother  with  her,  met 
Hirt  at  Iowa  City.  The  sight  of  her  husband  so  horrified  her  that  she 
could  not  consent  to  have  him  live  with  her,  and  finally  absolutely  re- 
tu-ed.  She  had  already  purchased  a  house  and  lot  in  the  suburbs  of 

Iowa  City,  where  she  lived  with  her  mother. 

(  >ne  afternoon,  when  the  two  ladies  were  alone  in  the  house,  Hirt 
came,  drew  a  revolver,  and  shot  his  wile  ami  then  her  mother.  It  is 
also  said  that  he  set  the  house  on  fire  and  hung  himself. 

Moth  ladies  were  killed,  however,  and   the   particulars  in   the   closing 

s:  ene  oi  the  horrible  lite  ot  this  monster  are  not   known   here.      If  they 

can    be   ascertained   betore    these    pages   go    to   the    printer,  the  proper 

connei  lions  will  be  added. 

My  old  trifiid  John  Houck,   the   merchant,   says  the  murder   of  John 

l-e(  k  took  place  alter  the  raising  of  a  log  barn,   and  not  after  a  logging. 

i  write  irom  my  own  best  recollections  and  those  of  others  that  knew  of 

;'!!<•  1 11  i  urreiK  e  at  the    time. 


the  Cerman  pioneers  of  Seneca  count}'.      The  history  of  Sen- 

ship  would  not  be  complete  without  a  short  sketch  of  him.    He 

,n  \  a\ ingt n.    ,n    \\nrtemberg.   Cennany,   on   the   fjth   day   of 

tended  M  hool  at  Attersteig,  in  the  black  woods  (  Schwart/- 

tcrwards  placed    under   the    tutorship  of  Prof.    Heller, 

tudied  the  languages.      IK-  next    spent   two  years   as 

\~;  '  ultural  A<  ademv  at  Hohheim.      After   he  left   the 


HI  ailciny  he  birr.ime  book  keeper  .u  M  ir\  •  in  the  ott'n 
trole'ir  MI'  !-<>re-.ts"  .it  P.  •  iteUS  n  h.  :n  \V  irt-.-inS-T j  I 
.!•  -j-i  lin'.iMi  e  o!  !•  r.i'iM-:n  l\  >  -  i  :  i  l);-r.  a-ilwi,  -n  i: 

;X_>j.  ||c  rein. lined  in  th:>  "Mi.  ••  'i:i!;l  '.h--  -.','rin.;  • 
tmived  with  hi-.  Mmiiy  [•<  \:ner.'  i.  an  !  -.•:•!:••!  ::,  •'[:••  •, 
t«  iwii-hij).  :n  A'lj'i-t  •  >!  : h  i!  v  e  u  .  ind  \v!i ••;  i-  hi-  -.'.'..  :  •  -. 
^»n  ;>>  iliM'l.  .in«l  ':\»  n:iiiT>  .in;  :'i  l«»'.v  i.  ••:;(•  •••  \vi.  .-n 
.  t  ,v\  rr  thi-rr. 

1 1   i-,  <  ii--'..  i  in.n\    in  (  i  --mi  t:i\    !•  u   .i.i  «i!Mi  ••:  -     ::  :!n-  : 
to  wt-.ii'  mil!'  »r in  -•  i  )t  d.irk  ::!''•<•  n  i  }<  i\\i        1  iic  i-  t:  !\    -.1-'. : 
rciiUMii!i<-r   Mr.   Kcin: JIT  \\i\\\  h.>  jrccii  <  •  •  it  '.•;••  >:\'-  \    < 


It  i>  tin  ea-\  ta-k  ID  i  »mj.rehi-nd  an.{  l.r:n_  •;;.  !>••:. n  th--  111:11 
fill  M  ene  in  t!ie  i  han_;c.  when  a  in. in.  -.\:-!:  h:-  !rn;'.v.  ICMM-%  'hi- 
<  Kit  ii  Hi  '  >I  tnend-  and  the  -'  ene  -  »:  h.>  •  -a r  '.:-:••  ia\  >.  in. !  r\.  ':; an 
'.ile  Hi  refnu  -uient  in  the  t  !a--ie  hii's  an.']  \  a'.iev-  < .:  <  'n-mian\  :» 
.it  an  Anier;i  an  in>nt:er>m  in  :n  the  !>>re-t  \-;d  !-.  .'  -,  it  -tianj-- 
M)  nian.v  nt  tint  ;  !a-->  "1  ni'-n  and  w.i:n--:i  .|'i.  t!\  i-:n'ir.n  e  ind  r:r- 
tree  and  independent  iifen!  an  \merii  an  tarrm-:  '  ^  a  1:.  ;;-.-A,-. 
the  nat'ire  i>\  uur  Iree  ;n->!  ;!•;'.;.  >n-.  'ha1  an\  h->ne-.t  i  •.  e^ii-  ••  »i  i: 
j.reier.ilile  ;»  the  L'ilded  wronu-  "i  I  .;:'"]'••  in  ''j'j.re 
ander  them.  '/'•':<•  ////,-•  >n<in  i>  the  AIII.-T,,  ,in  n.  I'lh-man 

There  are  three  d.i'ijhter*    and    tw» 
d  •-.  i  ,  m  the  ;;  h  .>\  Mas.   i  S->  t. 


I  ua-  tn'rn  in  i  •  i '•  <^  '   \  If  ppa.  h.  in  \V  in  tiini. ••!_'.  <  •••  i  ni an\  .     1 1.  tin-  \ .  .n   INL: 
|  r.mif  in  Anp-ii'-a.  and  lainlfil  in  'I'li'm  "ii  !!;i-  J~i!      •!    \   ;ji;-!.  ii:  tli.i'  \iai 
[   u.nkfil  !•'!     Mi.     l'f!!na_'.-!    auhi!..    l-ul    m\  -    :••:    \!i. 

i;.-'iu-_'f  r.      I  fiitfivil    tin-    iami    \\ln-if    \\  f    '  -.11  ...;n 

1 1  it -i  n -i-il  .  In '','!'  •'!_•  aipi  i-li-ai'iiiL,'  "!i  tin-  ul'i  ^laii'  I.IMII.  .in- 1  !•  n'.l  .1        :i-<  .  a  ti> 
\\  liif  li   1   ni"\  "i  "ii  1 1  if  1  -i  'ia\   "t     \  pi  ii.  1 -.:"..  alp!  •.'.  IP  -.    I   ' 
|,;ui\   than  nr.   >\«^.      I   l.mr.dit  a  \ukf  "1  "M-n,  a   •  "\\  .u.-i  -..IIH-  •  '.  h 

M.I-,  .li.liii     Iv!  u  air_'i  r    i-anif    and    u.'iKfd    \\itii    IIP-U!:':'.   n. .  t.i:  :•-  i  .i-.d   ;).»• 
I'.iuiiU  i-ani'-  "ii.      1  '.>;  'i--i   \\  i~  i  i  .:  n  '  >!i    1 1 p-    ••!  Ii  •  1 1     \  n  j\:  -'•  .    I  77  >.  .n   \\    i  -  :.-m 
|,,.rur.  v.  In  u  i!   -A  a-  \H  a-l>u<-!:\.      1 1  ••  d  n-. !  \l.u  .  I,  J       i.  I-'.T        M  >  in,- 1  !„•  i  .  \\|,,. 
i-  -1:1!  ! ; '.  ;n-_'  \\  •'  li  n;f.  and  \\  IM  .-i-  niaidi  n    naiii«-    '.\  .1-  1 .'. .   ai"  ! !:  <  .  K  !• ..  \>\<  i 
Ucl- IM.MI  a!-"  in   \\  nrifintif ILT.  <  >'  t..l.f  r  -Ih.    IT-.:.       I'!,,-    \.{;ii    \    .ni'iv--          :•• 


-()S  HISIOKN     OK    SKNKCA    COt'NTY. 

I,. ii,l  \\  jih.  l'ro\  i-ion-  became  scarce,  ami  we  were  compelled  to  grate  mi- 
nor mm  t<>  make  bread.  I  was  lucky  enough  to  buy  a  barrel  of  Hour  from 
a  (,., mi  ihal  came  from  tin-  -oiith  for  sT.uo.  The  man  soli!  (lie  balance  of  flic 

](i;i,l  ,,i  Tiiliu  for  t\\  ice  thai  MUM. 

•|-)ie  ( ,,•! ma'.i  urape  plant-  father  brought  willi  him  beu'an  to  licar  in  luo 
s,.;ii .,  !  rn  m  1 1  ic  t  i  me  I  lic\  \\  crc  planted,  ami  produced  delight  fill  fruit.  I  nil  in 
I ,  i -,  ;],,.  niil-l'-u  a  lice  led  them,  and  linalh  destroyed  them.  \Ve  raised  pines 
I',,, ,ii  s,.,.,i  \s,.  brought  with  us.  which  became  the  first  'Ver  i^reen  trees  in  the 
,.,uint\.  We  also  had  the  lirst  grafted  fruit  in  the  count  \ .  cherries,  plums. 
apricot-.  pt  ache.-,  etc.  \\  e  partook  of  the  work  and  hardships  incident  to 
front  ier  life.  The  el  i  male  u  as  \  cry  n  u  fax  oral)!  e  ;  threat  storms,  heavy  frosts, 
and  ihauim.;  uealher.  iiilerchanuini;'  rapidl\ .  was  ver\  destructive  to  wheat. 
ainl  \se  bar \e-ted  more  cheat  than  \\  heat.  What  has  become  of  the  cheat 
aii\ua\  '.'  Wh\  are  not  farmer.- pestered  with  it  now?  WKITKK. 

In  the  sprint  of  l-::i  we  had  frosts  from  the  li'th  until  theiMhof  May. 
The  fruit  tree-  fro/c.  vegetables,  the  wheat,  and  even  the  leaves  on  the  trees 
in  the  woods.  >o  thai  on  the  1st  of  .June  the  woods  looked  like  winter  time. 
The -priii1.:-  u  ere  \  er\  wet:  the  summers  exceedingly  hot  and  dry.  In  the 
Mimmer  -'I  ]-:;  1  u  e  were  pestered  greatly  with  squirrels:  the  woods  were 
literal^  filled  \\iilithem.  \\'e  could  raise  nothing  within  a  few  rods  of  the 
fence-.  The\  often  de.-'  roved  whole  fields  of  wheat  and  corn.  The  woods 
wen- full  of  ravenous  animals  also,  that  made  it  almost  impossible  to  raise 
poultiA  or  ho<_r--  for  a  \\  hile. 

In  l  -  In  a  eo\v  beloimiiiL!,' to  Martin  Sjiitler  died,  and  the  wolves  devoured 
her  in  i\\o  nights.  In  l^-')s  I  found  a  nest  of  yomi'4'  wolves  on  my  farm. 
;il,,,iit  l'"ii\i  rod-  from  the  river,  in  a  hollou  tree,  where  w-e  burned  them  up. 
Tlic  old  one  made  the  nights  hideous  with  her  howlin.u'. 

\Vc  aNo  had  our  -hare  of  malarious  fevers,  and  at  times  were  not  able  to 
\\:iil  u|n<n  each  other.  Sometimes  \se  could  not  take  care  of  our  crops,  but 
ih'-re  i-  iioilmm  like  ^C.IM|  m-i^hbor-.  There  were  no  rich  people  here  then. 
;ind  then-fore  \\e  had  no  thieves  :  there  was  nothin.u'  to  steal.  The  .u'reater 
mi  ml  "-r  of  the  old  pioneers  have  pas-ed  a  \\a\ .  and.  there  are  but  a  few  of  us 
i,.|  i  \\\n,  ran  look  back  upon  tho-e  early  da\  -.  whi"h  were,  after  all.  anioni; 
,,iii-  nio-t  liappN  times,  in  spite  of  all  hard  \\ork  and  pri\ations. 

In  1  >er  ember.  Ki:!.  we  I  mill  a  -dioo]  hoii-e.  Our  I  i  strict  em  braced  nearh 
all  tin- tn\\  nship.  \Vc  aU  met  on  the  same  day.  Chopped  down  the  trees. 
h;in'ed  ill-'  IOLT-  together,  rai-ed  ihe  hoii-e  and  put  t!i.-  dap-boards  on  before 
\\cqnit  \\ork.  t'.\en  the  lloor  \\as  laid,  the  benches  put  up.  the  house 
,-hinkeil  and  daubed.  A  leu  da\-  al'ter  school  ua-  kept  in  it. 

IM  i-.:-  Market  -tree!  in  Tillin.  wa- cut  on;  from  the  river  to  .Iiilins  Fell- 
!,;!_'•!'-.  MII  -s;ndu-k\  stri  et.  Mr.  f'ellnauel  had  a  lea-e  from  Mr.  Hedges  for 
;l  pi,-,  e  n|  land  m -a'  l>\  .  all  co\  ered  u  ith  trees.  .\i\  brother  Louis  and  I  took 
i  iie  >,  ih  of  r]cai  i  U-  ii  -  When  u  e  cut  do\\  n  a  i  i :  -4  ma  i  ile  \\  e  found  at  a  point 
•  j,; v,  in. •!.!•-  1 1  "Hi  i  i  i  center  ;i  not  eli  I  liat  h:'d  bi  en  cut  \\  it  h  a  sliarp  inslrn- 
n :•  nt.  a  i  .-Hi  ;  hree  iiicl:e>  \\  ide.  T!ie  noich  \\  a-  lour  inches  deep  and  obi i<j ne. 
\Vecoiint.-'1  mo!"  than  three  bundled  rimr-  be!  wt-cii  this  u  oiind  and  the 
bai !. .  v-  ni'1  !o'"i  -i  Mir_rei  IIIOM  thai;  three  cent  ui' ies  before  injured  the  tree. 
Il  ,; 1  in-:  \  x. !  • .  I-',  id'-  re-id  en  ce  and  the  ri\  er. 

There  'A  ;  ,  in  Si-iK-i  .1  t'luiisliip  one  niuht.      The  clay    bake 


SKNKi'A     loUN.sHIl'.  ^t/^ 

oven,  near  the  house  oi  the  bride,  stood  on  l>!oi  k.  I'hat  ni^hr  it  wa> 
lull  n!  hrr.nl,  pies,  roasted  turkey,  i  .ike-.,  and  other  ^<» ><\  thin.:-..  li<»\> 
arc  b»\  s,  Un-y  s.iv.  hut  it  was  .1  \eiv  i:^!\  t:.ik  vvhcn:he\  <atr:i-d  away 
llu-  whole  hake  o\cn.  with  Us  entire  •  ••MVM:-.  and  when  the  <  civmonv 
at  '.|H-  house  wa>  iivi-r,  and  tin-  supper  to  In-  -i-i\cd  up,  tin-  inkc  <>\i-n 
\\  as  -.  >nc. 

I  don't  like  to  men!.,,;!    any    n  un  -s.   h  r.    ,:     m\   <n\-.-  w.ii    t-».  -nv    u!d 
t'rii-nd  ti.  \\"     \u':.;cr,  DJI  tin-  Mil  'T.rin-iiviiir  i  •  >  i  I.  in-  -n  is    k  i  .  .\    >  unv 
ihinu  a  hunt  it.      U  In  i  r\  IT  he  a;  d  .  >!  stt-aliu.;  a  hakr  .  >•>  en  ' 

l  i  I  i  \H     \ir>-  ,KA\  I  . 

\\'hd  is  still  li\  in-,  \\  a-«  aUd  an  cai'y  >i-ttlrr  in  :hri'nmr\.  Ili-i  ui:<- 
t«>  l\r|.nhiii  in  ^i-|i:rinlu-r.  i  S  j.j,  and  w.irkrd  |.n  M:  1.  K,  .her:--  •  :r  ir  • 
iiii;  land,  and  SUUM  ranu-il  nmnry  cniiu^h  [»  h-i\  ci^li:\  a<  res.  iu-ar 
Mrlni'MT.  I'roin  'rhotnas  \\\-st.  Hi-  also  w..rk-«-d  tor  1  rank  I'.akcr,  Ind.;c 
Coriu-ll  and  Major  Su-plu-ns.  lie  and.  John  I'.'inis  took  t!u-  |oh  ol 
building  the  first  M.  I-'..  rhur<  h  in  Me'inope.  in  i  S  •  ;.  1  le  voted  at  tin- 
fir^-t  elei  tion  held  in  S<  ipio  towiisliip.  Adam  Ilamew.is  elected  ins 
ti(  e  oi  the  peai  e.  Mr.  Mils-rave  lias  l:\ed.  tor  iiian\  \eats  (>!i  liis 
sjilcndid  lann  in  seition  twenty  se\en.  lie  was  dej'Utv  slierii!  under 
I>avid  I'.ishop  in  i^.;,v  Mr.  M  us-  ra\  e  sa\  - 

In  the  s|i]  -iim.  \\  In -n  1  \\  a>  L:;,  \  eai  •>  ,  i|.| .  |  mailr  H.HIU  niU.     '|'|n-\  «'iiU  uaul 

Ll/i  edits   per  lllllulled    t'nr    rails    ilciUll     ill     < 'i  i>li(  iet(  Mi .   InM     !  i.  I  e    1    ur"'    •*  '  e.-lit  s. 

I  uas  Imin  in  Alli-^hrn\  eoiint>.  Virginia.  Maieli  P  l»np  |;.  \^\«  m\  iat!n-i 
iiii>\  i-i|  t»  ( '<>-ln  >et  on  ei  ni  nl  \  .  (  thin.  \\  In  n  1  i  -a  n  ie  IM-IV  tln-n-  uas  im  II.HIS,. 
lictn  ecu  NfU  IlaM-ii  ainl  K'-puli!ie.  I  v.as  inai  l  leii  1.  •  I  liirrii  1 .  daiiurlit«T  «»f 
Mieajah  II  cat  on.  I  Tlh  nf  Ma> .  I-::::.  \\  In  n  ilie  Tnii-d..  \\  ai  I.I-..IM-  mtt.  1  uas 
captain  »t  a  inililia  i-"!npan\.  l>i.  t,il.-nii  \s.is  i.m  sur^.-nn  \.  :a  I'.ak'-r 
hail  a  e"li  i  pa  n  >  a  l-i'.  ainl  thei  e  \\a>  a  eii|iipan\  1 1 1  'in  1 '  M-  ; !,!  \  .  ;. »  \\  .  aii 
\\clit  !"  '!'"!'  i|...  I, ill  nc\tT  u'nt  niiild  I'm-.  \\  e  ha. I  a  lull  !<,-;  lal  ;.••.  l|.':l'. 
cral.  ( i<>\  i-rin'i1  I.ne.is  \\,,^  ilicn  \\  •  ,.':'.  .aim-  hack 


haniel  keis,  1'hilip  and  lai  oh  ><  heer.  \ndre\\  l'.".r.;,.  .-.  h'-.i'.lian 
K  :  r_ . ;  -  ind  1'<M  er  M  :  Her  \\  ere  a  !  so  r.ivU  (  1  e: '•'. i  in  --  •' ' '.  <  :  -.  mi :  •  •  e  w  ere 
a!s,.  t!.e  \ihoj  ist,.  \  ann-'s-s.  |,,!,n  Ma;..  .  !•':  .  k.-i:.l  U-.'.. -\.the 

11,  pp.     !o!;.l      \de'.,p,      .,  !.     J.'-e]   !i     1    v  ,-.     ]. 

n  :!„•  Hav;,!s,,n-    -.,!   |;;.;;r^.  il.«-  -i.:;:, ••  .  . 


(  'anie   h'-re  'roin  (  n-i  man\    in    i  ^  ;  ;.    and    i 

M  t  :  ,i  ii i    ii\  e,    \\  I'.'-n    ; i    \\ .'.--  all    u  oods 
raiseil   a  lar-e  lain:i\.       lie  u.ts    a    vei\    -•.;, 


(),0 


HIS10KY     01      SKNKCA    COUNTY. 


]HS  i)t>init)ii.  which  often  brought  him  into  conflict  with  others.  He 
\v  i-  ,i  -noil  neighbor.  however.  very  hospitable,  and  for  many  years  a 
le.uler  in  the  vicinity  lie  was  born  in  M  artinsho^he.  now  in 
the  Palatinate.  Bavaria.  dermany.  then  belonging  to  France,  on  the 
•  dtli  Nivos.  \ear  ()  of  the  French  Republic  <  January  i(>.  iSoi"). 

Mr-  I  )ockwcilcr's  maiilen  name  was  Mary  Schirk.  She  was  born 
l.mii.m  ''.  i  s  ';-  •'!•  Nicder-ct.  AUacea.  They  were  married  near 
Ka-tiT.  in  iX-'S.  in  Philadelphia.  Pennsylvania. 

Mr    pockweiler  died   March  7.   iSSo.       I  I  is  widow  is  still  living. 

Christian  Scherer.  Philip  Bauer.  Theobald  Wagner,  Francis  Bart/, 
Frederick  I'.ei  ker.  Iran/  Masson  and  John  Brandt  were  also  early  der- 
man  settlers  in  thi>  tnwn^hiji. 

\\  1  1  1.1  \  M  A  k\i  >i  i  .. 

Cl(i>e  bv  Seneca  township,  where  the  state  road  crosses  Thorn  creek. 
a  little  -.outh  of  Mc(  'utchenville.  \\"illiam  Arnold  and  his  young  wife 
ICM  ateil  in  the  ^pring  of  1X23.  They  were  married  in  the  fall  previous. 
in  iS2J.  in  l-'rederii  k^burg.  Maryland. 

\\";iliam  Arnold  wa>  born  in  Fredericksburg.  in  1802.  Mrs.  Arnold, 
wh»-c  maiden  name  was  Nod.  and  who  was  a  sister  of  Michael  Noel. 
\va-  il-o  born  in  1  rederi*  k^lniri;.  Maryland. 

Mithael  Noel  lived  a  short  distance  south  of  Mc('ntchenville,  also, 
and  \\a>  a  man  of  good  repute  as  a  farmer  and  citi/en.  He  raised  a 
l";iin,',\  «it  intere-iing  sons  and  beautiful  daughters,  two  of  whom  were 
married  to  citi/ens  uf  this  county,  one  being  the  wife  of  my  goxxl  old 
friend,  tlie  distinguished  hardware  merchant,  Martin  Kingseed.  of  l;os- 
toria. 

Here  al  Thorn  creek,  Mr.  Arnold  entered  a  piece  of  land  and  put  U]) 

;!  ,  .ibin.      I  lie  state  mad  was  Mirveyed  close  to  his  house,  and  this  being 

;';.,    onl\  road  running  north  and  south,  west  of  the  Sandusky  river,  it  was 

tlu-  or.lv  thorough  tare  for  emigrants  and  others  traveling  north  and  south. 

(  nrt\   vears   ago.  n>-w   as  ;he   country    then    wa>.    there  was  more  travel 

1,11  ;hat  road  ti  re  i>  now.      The  \\}'andots  were  then  still  living  on 

tin-    plain-     ind    bei  .une   great    IriemU  o!    Mr.  Arnold   and  his  wife,  who 

•  •ned    .it    their   lioiiM'    a    small  beer  and  ginger  bread  staml:    the\ 

i   larlnn.atcd    mead,    of  all    of  which      the    Indians    were    fond. 

Indians    would    get  too  much  lire-water  at   Mc('utchen 

U  .  -top  in    at   Mr.    Arnold's,  acting  ugly       One  time 

ott.-d  Tail  wanted  more   beer,  and  the    stock  being 

boisterous   and    drew    a   tomahawk     to   strike 

e  in  the  hou.se.      For  want  of    any  other  pro- 


6ci 

tection,  -he  >c.t  her  bi^  do;.;  on    the  Indian    who  drove  the  >,.i\  .!.:••  .r.vas. 

At  anoth.er  time,  "  Stokev  ,"  another  \\  \andot,  be.  ame  \ery  iiis-.il: 
in^  at  the  ho-a-e  and  Mr.  A::.  <M  -tr'i>  k  him  w.th.  the  end  o!  h;-  whip 
handle  over  the  head. 

The    Indian    became    v  er\    an^r\.    :':mped    n:ito  p"ii\    and  _-o.n^ 

;i.\.i\.    told     Mr.    Aitvnd    that    he    \\o-iM     fix   h:::i         If.-    wa-    ^,,\\<-     b 'i'     .1 
-hot!    time    when    he    returned    .\:th    -        othrr  Ind.an-        M<-int:i:.'     M; 
\rno!d  prepared  him-eii'  tor    an    a!ta>k.  and  wh<n  t'ne   ltd. an-  r..de    IK, 
to  the  door,  when-  t!ie\  were  met  at  the  -mall  •  ::d  »\    \rn.ild'-  old  ni'i- 
ket  and  other  per-ua-ive-.  they  de-:-ted  trmn  ail  lurther  att'-m].;-  to  <\,, 
:njur\'.       li'.^    ('row.    Round    the    1  ,ik'-    and.    I'.l.nk    >riak'-    wi-re  a!-n  •  ij-,- 
t oiner-  at   Arnold.'-  beer  -hop.  b'lt   w  ei .-  alw  ay-  oi  _;, .. .,[  beh  i\  ..  .r. 

Mi  and  Mr-.  Arnold  were  ver\  dev-.'i!  ( '.itli.i',i«  .  .^\^,\  b  ^  far  re 
mo\  ed  from  a  c  hun  h  of  their  tailh.  e \perien.  ed  the  want  \  er\  mu.  !; 

After  their  fir-1  child  wa-  bom  and  the  mother  w  a-  able  !i>  travel. 
Mr.  Arnold  left  hi-  lone  c  abin  in  the  wood-,  hiti  hed  '!p  h:-  team  an.i 
took  wife  and  babe  to  l.anca-ter.  (  )hio.  to  ha\e  it  rhri-tened.  I:  took 
a  whole  week  to  make  the  trip.  Soon.  howe\  er.  other  (  'ath.-li,  -,  settled 
in  the  neighborhood,  and  Mr.  Arn»!.l  wa-  one  «>:  the  prime  m-  ••.  .-r-  n. 
the  e-tabli-hment  o!  tlie  fir-t  ('atholii  chnr.-h  at  M.  ( 'nti  henvili 

Mr.   Arnold  wa-  a-  inueilion-,  a-  he    wa-    ind'i-tr;o;;-.       He  wa-  alwav- 
at  work  a;  -oinelhin.u.  and  whi'U-  he  opened  -ip  a  firm  w:t!i  -reat  :ii'lii- 
trv,  lie   wa>  ever  bn-\    making    tool- and  inipleiin.  nt-  !or  hou-ehold    anii 

The\    rai-ed  a  i.ir^e  family  ot  ehildreii.  and  M  r-.  (  ieor^e  Stra-i-iiau^h.. 
\\holiinr.-hed    the    writer    nrn  h    valuable    inlormatioii    o;    earlv    l::e  on 
Thorn  i  reek,  and  Mr.  Anthonv    II.  Anmld.  ol  Titlin.    ire  tw..  o!  tiit-m 
I  he  parent- ha\  c  both    pa--ed    awa\    and    -o   ha\eal-"   M:     a:id   \[--. 

\,,el.       The  latter  -nrvi\'ed  them  ail  and  died  oni\  i  e.  ently  in  :!ie  c-n  .>\ 
iiient  i  »i  eomii  n't  and  pe,u  e. 

i  ,!'<  iK.,1      I!  1  •    K. 

'I'he  writer  ha-  not  been  abie  ''•   ir.i'  e  an\   one  wii.>   -ett  •  lietiir-- 

Mr.   He,  k  and  i-  Mr    Aiken  wa- 

and  he  dioi  b'lt    a    lew    vi-ar-  ajo.       He.  ame     bo  ;t   ;:•..    -a::.  -t::ne    t!i. 
Vr.   1  leek  an  ,ved. 


«  oiin!\  .  (  'hit '.  lie  erew  up  •  m 
Sarali  (  iri-lie.  \\  ho  was  a  wid.  >u 
|  •,,  i  .  late  .  o'int  \  i  imm:--.oiic-r. 


,,-.,  HIS  TORN     <>F    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

children,  of  whom  five  arc  still  living,  the  others  having  died  in  ehild- 
)],,,„!.  I'lu-  oldc-t  one  living  is  his  daughter.  Catharine,  wife  ol  Harry 
JM-IT:  next.  Idi/abeth,  wile  m"  Thomas  Uowlin.  and  Maria,  wife  of  John 
Strcbin.  all  living  in  tin-  state  of  Indiana:  1  >anicl  (1.  1  leek,  the  popular 

;u.-rintcndcnt  of  tin-  Seneca  County  Infirmary,  and  John,  the  youngest 
-or,,  wiin  i-  living  near  hi>  father  on  the  old  homestead.  The  children 
all  hase  families  and  are  .'.11  doing  well. 

Soon  after  the  land  sales,  Mr.  Heck's  father  bought,  at  the  Delaware 
]tlll,|  office,  ilie  Miuthwc-4  front  quarter  of  section  twenty-five,  in  this 
to\\n>hip,  and  made  a  deed  for  it  to  his  son  Ceorge.  Three  years  after 
iu-  wa^  married  he  moved  onto  the  land  here.  Mrs.  Heck  died  on  the 
iXth  nt  I  k'ccmber.  1X40.  About  one  year  thereafter,  he  married  Sarah, 
the  si>ter  of  lohn  Kerr.  KMJ..  now  residing  in  Tiffin.  She  dropped  dead 
on  the  iloor  in  1.^75  after  living  on  the  old  homestead  with  Mr.  Heck 
thirtv  five  years  At  breakfast,  on  the  morning  of  the  day  she  died, 
>he  toid  Mr.  Heck  her  dream  of  the  previous  night.  She  said  she 
dreamed  that  their  canoe  got  loose  (.their  house  stands  near  the 
river  ,  and  lirifted  to  the  other  ^ide  ot  the  river:  that  she  walked  after 
it  ,,n  the  top  of  the  water,  and  as  she  reached  the  other  shore,  she 
stepped  onto  a  log,  and  looking  back  saw  her  steps  on  the  log. 

Mr.    lie.  k  -ay>: 

[  am  m>  fathei -'s  \  oiiniiot  sun.  I  had  one  brother  and  four  sisters,  and 
.mi  the  onl\  "in-  remaining  oi'  m\  father's  family.  M\  parents  talked  (Jer- 
n, ,ui  lucadi  ntlu-r.  lni;  alua\s  Mn^lisli  to  us  children,  and  therefore  I  never 

!r;inir«!    t  lie  (  iiTlliah. 

\\'i-  iiiri-il  a  li'iiiii  mid  moved  up  here  in  the  spring  of  Isj:;.  by  the  way  of 
I  I'prr  xindii>k\  aloiiLTlhe  Nf^rotown  road.  MS  it  was  then  called.  It  was 
IP  a  tin-  pi  r-en!  NI-UI  -otou  n  mad.  Inil  a  t  rail  h\  that  name  tliat  won  ml  through 

tln-\\ I-  ;n  all  di  i  •i-i-'i  it  '!i>.      Anderson's   and    ( 'rocker's  were  all  the   houses 

in  ;  \\ .  i  'i  \|i-\iro  and  'J'iilin.  and  llie\   \ven-  i  abins  in  the  woods. 

\V  !:••!,  \\  .•  a:  ri\  <'d    lien'  ;ind   found   our  land,  we   hunted   fur.  and  found,  a 

•»iiit:il'!f  I'lai-r  to  ]or;i',r  i:i-ar  tin-  haiiU    of    !ln-    ri\t-r    in    the  woods.      \Vcun- 

•  n;   leturned.      I    paid    the    man    s_'ii   to  IHMUL;'  us  here,  and 

tli.ti  !<'!!   '  told,  and  lii-i'e    I    ua>   \\itli    a    \sife.li\ecliildren.li\f 

•       no    ti-Miii.   in     neiuhlior   and    no    friend    near.      I  cut  four 

round    in    a   ><|ii;ire.  laid    pi >les  across  1  hem.  made 

i    roMTcd    tin1    shed,  and    hrre    \\  e    camped    until  my 

l'>  '       !'    um.  \\lio  liaii   married    ni\  \\ife's  sister,  helped   me 

\ant    -t    a    team.  \vi    carried   together  and  built  a 

'•r  n  at-'rial    lo  make  a  lloor.  I  took  the  bark  of  large 

1    I.   \\hicli   an^\vered   \cr\    well.     There 

'     ilie  ti'.i  r.  near  !hi-<  i-aliin.  and  here  we  lived 

'tier  !"'_r   hoii-c  and   mo\  cd  into  it.     There  was 

lid  iii'!'  in  the  uoniK  for  mile-  ai'oimd.     There  were 

\\  li''!i   1    \\a^  a    lio\    m'oun    ii]i.  my  father  moved 


s»-NKr.\    row  s -MIC.  605 

\\  itli  his  faiuilv  In  |Vir\  fi»nnt\  .  u  In- !••  I  \\a-  man  !••<!.  l-'mm  th.  •<<•  I  .  aim- 
hf  if .  \\'i-  lun  I  a  ruiiplf  i  if  i  M\\  s.  ami  aftf i  -tni<,'L'!in;,'  al«in^  tins  m-/  that  -uin- 
iiif  r.  fall  ainl  u  intf  r  a-  !"•>;  u«-  i-miM.  MM  latln-i  hrmiu'ht  t-.  nn-  a  \.ik--tii 
M\fn  1 1  if  f"ll«i\\  in-  -priii;,'.  Th:-  u  a-  a  -MI!  .-MM -I  -.  ml  ami  I  i»  -,IM  t..  uk«- 
rniira-f.  *»mm- t  inn- aftf  ru  anl-  I  \\I-M;  IMI  k  I"  I'I-ITS  i  mints  an. I  i. insight 
limnf  a  \num_r  hiMi.il  in, in-  1  ha. I  N-ll  th-if.  Ms  lalht-i  |.!M;I-!;:  nif  limn 
1  \\  ii-c.  \\  hich  kfpt  ii-  ir.'Mi  -t,ir\  iiiu'.  a':i|  ^>>;ii>-  <>\  !hf..lhi-i  -t-; :  '.<•  i  -  a!-n. 
Whi  M  lhf>  tuiimi  Mill  thai  s\.-  h.i'l  I!MIH.  Ill*  \  ,  aiiif  tut  sf'.fia!  licit--  aiMimil 
1..  liMirnu  -Mini-.  In  hi-  pan!  ha*  1\  -MIIH-  turn-  IM  kiii'l.  \\  f  h.i'l  •_'>""!  MMIII'.  hut 
sMiiif  \\hii  rftuim-'l  ll.ui;  hi»iiu:ht  a  \d\  inli-riMr  aitirn-.  I'.'m  anm.ii-  m-\,-r 
hiMii'_'ht  Hit-iis  hark  until  t\\..  \.-ai-  ald-i  \\aiil-.  ami  ..thi-i-  m-\f|  mailf  n- 
tuni  at  all.  Tht-M  tin-  fl.itli.-s  I  hiMii^ht  uith  im-  \\i-ii-  v.«\n  i-ut.  aii<l  IH.U  in 
-i-t  «.thris  I  ih.l  mil  kiiM\\.  I  killf.l  I\SM  ].,!-••  hii'-k-  ami  t....k  tin-  -km-  IM 
tin-  Mnhav.  k  s,juau -.  MM  tin-  Van  Mt-ti-r  -crt  inn.  u  Im  tanm-i!  th.-in  l..i  in.-. 

I  pa  i'  I  tin-in  fi  1 1    1 1   u  ilh  a  If  \\    pi  HI  IP  I-  nf   t!i.ur.      |    ,  ut    a    pan    i.f   pant-  mit  nf 

I 1  if  si-  -kin--  ami  MI>  \\  iff  In- Ipdl  im-  sr\s  tin- MI.      I'm'  t  hn- ••  \c  ai  -  I   u  ..[,-  thf  si- 
f\f!>  ila>  .  ami  thf)    \\fif  tlif  ninst  s(.]-\  icrahli-  pant-  I  f\f!  ha. I.      I   _•..!  Ja'-nh 
l'i  !i  ••  In  tan  a  -km  al-n.  nut  nf    u  hidi  \M-  ina'lf    a    pair    nf    pant  -  |.  >i   vuiiiifl 
(ti'fllf.  hill  vvlifiH-vcr  tlif>   LT"t  wi-t    ami    ilr>     au'am.lhf>   hf  aim-    a-    -till    a- 
1  ma  1 1 1-.      1'rii-f  dill  Mnt  urn  If  i  -tarn  I  tanning  -iff  r  -km-  a-  \M  li  a-  tin-  Mnhau  k 
»|iia\\  -. 

Whfii  -laiiif-  Aiki-n  i-aiiif  hfi'f.  h--  \\a-  a  sju^lt-  man.  U'illiaMi  Amlfr-tm 
cairn-  hfi'f  al-i'  ahmit  thf  liim-Uf  ili'l.  ami  Aikt-n  mariifi  Amh-i-nn's 
ilaiiu'htfi.  Thf>  li\fi|  ''n  tin-  Nfu'i'i'lnun  rnaii.  Aikt-n  \\.i-  a  \  :i_'!inan. 
hut  li\fi|  at  l>t-lauarf  a  -h"!t  tinif  hflnri-  In-  .-aim-  In-if.  l\<  \\a-  ln-ic  uhfi: 
I  cairn-.  Amlfi.-"ii's  laipl  juim-'I  iniin-  MM  tin-  i-a-t. 

Tin-  lirst  \\ht-at  1  i,u-fl  I  ln"k  IM  Mnnit-'-  mill,  m-ar  I.M\MI  vimlu-k>  in 
u'ft  it  Lri'niiii'i.  \\'f  all  tnnk  sji-k  ami  ha. I  a  u'l'  -at  ih-al  nf  1 1  mihli-  \\  itli  th«- 
iliscasi-  im-iil.-nt  In  lil.-  in  tin-  fmv-t. 

>imii  afti-r  iu>  at  ri\  al  hfi'f  1  h.-i-aim-  afipiaintf'l  \\  ill:  ll.u.i  lli.kniv.nf 
t  !M  •  <fiu-i  -as.  HI-  \\a-  a  \i-r\  i  iil«- 1  i  IL:<-M  1  lmi:ah  aii'l  -p"kf  Km_r'i:-h  \t-;r 
plainh  .  I  If  pi  i'lfil  hiMi-f  ll  nil  hi-  l-'i  i-M.-h  h! I. 

Tin  ,  i -a  i  n  pf  1 1  Mf  i' !  mir  limi-f.  ami  hr.  >u_'h;  tin- ii  .-amp  .-.  |  u  i  paj.-  u  ;t  h,  t  h.-m 
in  tlit-n  caMi'f -.  (  »m-  Mi_rht  ll.tj'i  1 1  i'-k"r\  ami  am.'hf!  lu'li.m  k..lf.  I  \\\« 
iii-, -r-  m-ai  in\  li'.iisf.  Thf  Imiiaiis  l;\f.|  a  raml'.-  ..-,.-!  lln-i:  ht-a-l-  :n  ihr 
carmi-.  ami  \\liilf  ihf  .[ffi-  \\ .  i  ••  tffihn-  .-M  tin-  ;•  ii-li-i  -:a--  .:.  tin-  mi-r. 
thf  \  u  i  in  1<|  lunk  at  Ihf  li-_rht .  \\  hili-  I  In-  I  mil,  in-.  :  in  !  hi  -la:  k  !»  i.«  ath  . 

i -MI  i  M  i  n  \\  a!  Mi"-'  up  In  ;  in  in  ami  kii !  I  In- in.  Tht  •;.  p-:i  !  .\  ••  ;•  •:  i.  -  :  :i'.»  [  in- 
^rniiml  am!  a  pnlt  af  m--  ih>  in  al»ni!  imn  ti  .  ;  up.  I'...  in- a:  A  i-  ,::!,;.. 
|, -,,»--  lai.l  mi  '  lil-  p"!i-  ami  <li  ii-'l  h  -  a  I  !  ••  in.i'lf  i"-n-  .n  h  '!"':•  n.-  ..I  \'  a- 
-a!;»-«!'.i  .litll'"'  .l-'*'t":  i-  it  \\  a-  ill  ii-ii .  aii'l  '.\  l;»-ii  !  IH  '  .!«••!.  '  '•'•  .  -  put  ;:.••• 

a   -.|i;ai  f  pa.-k.  tin-    --kin  "t    I  hf  'if!    u  iapi'f'1    af.-  ,:.  !   :'     in  i  •   •  •!    A  -•  h   ,;  -  : 

i.l  ia\\   hi'lf.      A    '  ''-.--'I    -t:<  k.    \\a~-   la-:-  Mf.I   MM  I  !:•    i  a-  k   ••:    a    i-.'.\    ai,.|    .1 

p.,.  k  nf    this  ill  ;i-. I    M  n;-Mii.  i-;,llf.l         .;,.,"  ta-N  m 

lnHiif.      Thi- ••i'-wTr-Zan.l  p.u  kiiiLT  ami  •  iittiM-.'  up  M  .:-m    l.t 

a  s.|iia\\  . 

i  >Mf  t  iiiif  v.  hi -i  i   1 1  :i-k.ii  \   .  amp-  1 1  In- 1  f    .  mil-!":'    1  ha- 1  .1  i.   I  i"'i : .  .-.\  .-.| 

MIL-  ..i  his  punif-  :•'  u'"   I"   Tilhn    Im    a    hall    hiisht-l    -I     - 
kiml  I"  im-.      Tht-if  \sa-  al-n  a  Taua\    Imlian  liiiMiu'h  In-n-  " 


TORY    OK    SKNKCA    COl'NTY. 


,  all,., i  pumpkin.  He  was  the  biggest  Indian  I  ever  saw.  and  the1  most  sav- 
a"v  looking.  I-ACH  hod\ .  e\en  the  other  Indians  were  afraid  of  him.  He 
ua-  ln!!\  -i\  t'fci  liiuli.  had  a  glaring  look,  showed  liis  teeth  very  much  and 
(,,.  mil-;  ha\e  \\ei-hed  full)  t\\o  luindred  iionnds. 

SoiueVi  here  down  a  I  'oi  it  i  old  crrt'k  a  \\  liite  man  b\  the  name  of  Snow,  had 
|u^  rabin.  (  'i"'  lime,  in  the  absence  of  Snow.  Pumpkin  came  into  Hie  house 
Hid  killed  Mr-.  Sno\\.  He  then  cut  hei'  open  and  look  out  of  her  womb  a 
,  ujl  ,rp,\\  n  babe,  -t  nek  i!  on  a  sliek  and  roasteil  it  over  t  lie  lire  in  the  house. 
'I'd,.  \\  lijtr  neighbors  ga\e  the  alarm  and  the  Senecas caught  Pumpkin  and 
l,n,ir'ht  him  to  MIOW,  telling  him  that  lie  should  kill  him  or  do  anything 
rl-e  he  plea.-ed  u  ith  him.  .Mr.  Snow,  fear  ing  the  consequences,  let  Pnmp- 
|vin  I'lin.  SO.HI  after  that .  Pumpkin  stole  a  corn  hoe  from  my  neighbor. 
\ikeii.  Aikenlold  Pumpkin  to  leave  the  countn  and  never  show  his  face 
ji^aiii.  It  \\a-not  long  alter  that,  when  Pumpkin  got  into  a  light  with  a 
U"\and»t  and  killed  him.  The)  made  him  sit  on  a  log.  when  some  six  of 
;hem  plunged  their  tomahawks  into  his  brain. 

.Ic.-eph  l-'oii'-annon.  t  wo  of   his    brothers   and    his   father,  settled  near  the 

K'len.    jusi  ph  \\  ;i-.   luarrii  il.     His  \\  ife  vva  -  a 

pool-man.  Peter  l.ott.  I'a\id  I-'oght  and  Frederick  Wagner  also  came  in 
s, inn.  Pete]-  P.. mm  settled  near  Mexico.  He  moved  to  Missouri  afterwards. 
u  I ,,,,-,.  | ,,.  and  hi-  \s  ife  b  >t  h  died.  I  Ian  m  was  never  satisfied  anywhere. 

We  rai-ed  heinpaiid  llax  and  spun  and  wove  tow-linen.  Many  a  cold  day  I 
,.[;,, pped  in  the  \\oods  all  da\  in  tow-linen  pants,  my  bare  feet  in  shoes  full 
,,f  water  and  ice.  Sometime.-  the  ice  packed  around  my  feet  so  tight  tha^ 
NS|,,.n  |  caine  into  the  hoii-c  I  had  to  hold  them  to  the  lire  a  while  before  I 
i-i,ii!d  get  them  off:  but  I  never  had  m\  feet  fro/en.  I  often  had  to  goto 
'1'iilin  nn  cold  da\  -  in  \\inler  with  tow-linen  pants  on.  We  lived  very  line 
after  ue  euiiM  rai-e  sheeji  and  ha\e  the  whole  family  dressed  in  linsey- 
\\  (iuNe\  . 

i  i1|r  lime  m>  father  paid  us  a  \i>it.  and  when  he  started  back  my  wife 
.r^,.  him  a  loaf  of  bread  to  take  along  on  the  road.  He  met  a  man  on  the 
i,,;1,|  near  Ipper  Saiidnsk\-.  who  was  nearly  starved.  He  had  not  eaten  a 
mi  iiit  lit  nl  i 't'  bread  for  t  hive  weeks,  and  had  lived  on  boiled  nettles  and  milk. 
1  |r  had  a  little  hut  near  the  mad. 

\\TON   KOKNH;SAMKN 

\\".i-  li'irn   i';:  '  7';''-    'n    '  Mx'yson.    in    the  Palatinate  of  ITavaria. 

i  >:>.  ;',,,•  .-ii'ii  u!   I  inu.iry.   :   .KI.   he    \v.i>    marrie.l    to  Margaret  Ratilh,   of 

I'.,,.  Palatinate    i!so.      She  was  horn  |ul\'28th,   1796.      The) 

nl  ;n  '1  I'.oerstadt,  where  he  followed  the    trade  of  a  cali- 

.net  m.t:  I  \vithh  >  lamily,  then  embracing  six  children, 

lAmer'.i    '       lieiaiiilei!  in   New  \ork  in  ll\e  fore  part  of  October,  1832, 

A  -•  i  days,  and  soon  alter  located  in  I  I  am 
'-,.:..!'.:  t.  -  •  i.  working  at   his  trade 

M  K  ng-eed     was    noticed    under   the    head   of 

lie  vva-  the  oldest  sop.  of  the  family,   and 

i  ;.      The  other  live  were  Catharine,  Peter. 


SKNKiV      inWNsHtl1 


nn 


Christian,  Magdalena  and  Margaret.     Irorn  licrksc -otmty  Mr.  K.oemh's 

men,  in  April,  iX?>,  moved  to  1'me  drove,  in  S«  huylkill  county.  I'm 
sylvama.  where  he  locateil  on  a  tarm  anil  undertook  farming  The 
mountains  and  the  stony  tields  were  not  congenial  to  him.  arid  in  1X^4 
he  sold  out  and  came  to  <  >hio  by  wagons. 

Alter  a  journey  ot  six  weeks  he  reacheil  T;ttm,  on  the  i  sth  of'  I  une. 
1X^4.  Here  he  stayed  a  few  weeks,  and  bought  n.nety  four  acres  ol 
land  si\  miles  south  ot  '1'itlin.  on  the  Sandusky  rivr.  in  set  tiou  fourteen 

Here  he  opened  up  a  tarm,  the  land  be  in.;  all  in  the  woods.  He  had 
but  tew  neighbors.  William  Hitt  |oined  on  the  east  o;  him.  \\.<  hart 
Connor  on  the  north,  I'.eniamin  I'eck  on  the  west,  and  the  >andusk\ 
river  on  the  south.  At  ross  the  river  l;ved  Alex.  I'.ow'and  and  William 
Me  (  'c  irmai  k. 

Starting  here  in  the  woods  lie  experienced,  all  the  hardships  ..: 
foreigners  who  li.nl  no  practical  knowledge  of  c  lc-arin^  land,  for  this  was 
a  pet  uliarlv  American  si  ieiice.  larmers  in  I'.urope  are  not  t  ompelled 
to  remove  the  torest  in  order  to  make  a  tarm.  The  tirst  \  ear  is  gen- 
erally the  hanlest.  because  while  you  are  no!  able  to  raise  anything,  you 
are  <  (impelled  to  buy  all  you  need,  ami  live  out  ot'pt.iket.  >o  with. 
Mr.  Koeni.u'samen.  but  the  next  year  he  had  c  Seared  ten  a<  res  and  be^an 
to  raise  provisions.  Mr.  Kcieir._rs.imen  speaks  very  !ceiin.,l\  ot  the 
kindness  oi  his  old  neighbors  m  assisting  him  with  everything  needful 
until  lie  ^ot  a  better  start  in  the  world.  The  readiness  and.  willin^ncs* 
witli  whu'h  neighbors  \vntild  c  otne  to  a  raising  or  li>^^in_;  ii.is  in-'  jiiently 
been  mentioned.  So  here.  Help  was  never  refused.  Now  the  open- 
in-;  _rrew  larger,  and^rain  was  be;n_;  raised  in  abuntlam  e.  1  \e:-\;hin^ 
prospered,  and  t  lie  family  were  happy  until,  on  the  i-jth  >!  Ma\,  IN.>--. 
Mrs.  Koe-ni^samen  died,  a  tew  days  after  ^iv;n^  b;rt!i  to  her  tenth.  «  hild. 
I'he  babe  died  six  weeks  lliereatter. 

live  years  later,  in  iv;;.  Mr.  KoeiK^samcn  \v.is  a^ain  :narr:c-d.  to 
<  athanne  llauer.^!  this  township,  with  whom  lie  had  three  children, 
1 1  i-eph,  I  .meiia  a:i'  1  <  'atliarme. 

<  )n  the  J'»th  day  of  <  It  tober.  iXfu,  his  set  oud  ^ 
elder  ilau^hters  then  took  t  har.^e  c>:  the  household 
I'.mciia.  is  now  the  matron  ot  t'ne  homc-ste.i'i. 

i  i  >r  se\  era';   s  ear 


ot  airan^iii.,'  -'iipn><-  partu  s    at     r!i- 
sir  y  o  !  the  1  1  '.  d  _•  i  •  n  1  1  e  n  i  a  n  '  s  b  ;  i  i  ';  i  <  !  i 
there,    with     t'ueir     wives,    husband- 
time    all  around.      Thev    had    anot 
u!ui;  they  t  eielii'at  c>  1  In  -  iu_;litv  to'! 


606  HISTORY    OK    SENECA    COUNTY. 

and  filial  affection  possible,  and  gladdening  the  evening  of  his  life  with 
renewed  assurances  ot  their  love  and  devotion. 

Mr.  Koenig-;amen  is  still  in  the  enjoyment  of  good  health,  and  rather 
ro'uist  for  hi-;  age.  He  enjoys  his  old  pipe  and  a  good  joke  as  much  as 
ever,  and  promises  fair  to  so  continue  for  many  years  yet  to  .come.  His. 
son  Anthony  lives  with  him.  and  has  charge  of  the  farm. 


CHAPTER   XL 


THOMPSON    TUWNSMU" 


Till,  name  «>l  this  ^ood  old  town -hip  is  e-pe<  ;.iilv  dear  to  the  writer, 
lor  amon;;  its  best    men    ami    prominent    :  iti/en-  mai.\   \rars  a^o, 
he   <  ounted    ni.ipy    true-   and  devoted  Iriends.      1:--  ear!\   settlement    ami 
ori;ani/ation,    et<..    have    already    ln-cn    mentioned,  and  it  remains  only 
to  reler  to  several  sub|e(  !>  not  \>i  f\  ;>  i!i->ly  to'u  bed  u[.<in. 

The  lir->i  lo\\n>lii|i  rlci  tioii  w.i->  ticld  on  t!u-  (>th  day  oi  Ma\,  iSjo. 
at  the  IIOII^L-  nt  In^cph  1'ai •iiu-iHiT. 

Ainon^  ttu-  iir->t  M-ttlcr>  in  the  town^liijt  wrrr  \\'i':liain  an-i  Nathan 
Whitnrv.  JiiM-;ih  rarnu-ntcr.  II.  l'urd\,  I  >a\  :d  I  ndrrh:!!.  Janio  \Vlut- 
niorr.  lanu^  I  mKrhill.  l.ii  \\hi;nc\.  la-prrl  ndrrhiu.  Ilrnjaniiii  (  'lark. 
Soiomon  1  Mm n  k.  I  u-niannn  M  nrray  and  A  11.  I'u  :>->,  nioM  <>\  \\  }}•  >'.\i  the 
writer  well  knew.  They  are  all  dead  Imt  la^-per  \\'l:;t:ie\  .  of  whom 
mention  will  be  made  hereatter. 

Tliere  wei'e  ->e\eral  •Mjuatter-..  uj'on  the  ojien:n^>  in  Thoinp-Min,  w!io. 
OWIIIL:  tn  the  -i  an  ;tv  ol  water  at  that  time,  let!  the  i  ountrv, 

In  i  .S  ;o  the  population  oi  tl:e  town>h;  ji  wa>  .;'•-.  .  :i  i  ^  »  it  w.t>  i ..}  vj. 
and  ha^  im  rea-ed  to  about  i  .<>  ii'  >w. 

The  i.u  e  ol  the  <  n'.mtrv  is  be.iutitully  und'alatinu  and  :!:e  soil  rnnark 
ablv  rn  h  and  lertile.      Tin-  ver\    manv  impro\'i-nicns  .ill  nvrr  '.lie  :.«wti 
-hip,  tin-    lar^i-    b  mi-.,  splendid    tarm    houses    and    e\-  e',!er::  ^!.  n  k.  ::nii 
rate    iDiniort     and    wraith.,     industr),    einiiomv    a:ni    :r.:e!l:..i-iii  <•         1  '".e 
lirrman  r'rmr;i!    jirednininair-,  \  ri  \    lar^eU;   b'''.'n    :n  n^vl 

\  ania  .nid  t  he   I  jiropean  st<  M  k         1  iu-i  e  :-  a  ;.u  ^e  IrmeK;' •.-•-';:    <  .erm.in 

(  'atliohi  -  in  th.e  s(>!  1 1  In- a  stern  purl:  on  ot  ;!.  •  ;..wi.  -1    ;..   .\ :  . 
.(  splendid    i  Inn  !i    and    a    iri:mei\,  i-i-n'der  tl.je  a  .  e   l':ei  ;«e.is 

I'dond  Soi  ;rt\  .    mentmned    :n    the    i  !i  ipte:     •  'A-;>:: 

'I  hese  (  i<  i  m  Hi  (  'a:l)oli<  s  \\  ere  aim  MI.:  .h- 

liiwnship    and     had    .M-ani/rd     a    ,m  iet\    .        i-i:!\      i-    !-•;.-     ;         \'M. »;•.., 
lli.ise  early  pioneers   1   will  luenti'in    \nt'i":'.\  k:  :;  ;•.  !•       .  H   •-'.  M  •  haei 


f,0$  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

Keinhart.  b'hn  Glassner.   Anthony   Xahm,   George   Xahm,  J.  M.  Zahm, 
I- ran/  Hen.  David  1'inlor,  Peters  Srhoemlorf  and  John  Gerhartstein. 

Amoiu  the  prominent  men  of  later  years  may  be  mentioned  Jacob 
a:1,l  |,,)m  Hunn,  Samuel  Stewart.  Jacob  and  Peter  Ivarn,  John  Royer, 
b>hn  Dec  ker.  Daniel  Glose,  M.  Good,  John  Heter,  Peter  Dewalt,  and 
others;  also  the  Sclux  hs.  the  Douglas's  the  Manleys,  the  Purdys,  the 
\Iurra\s.  the  P.loomers.  John  Ilobbes,  Klder  Jackson  and  others. 

l"ne  soil  in  Thompson,  as  elsewhere  in  tlie  county,  is  drift,  resting 
linn  a  sub  ^tratum  of  loose,  shaley  limestone,  which  is  full  of  fissures, 
lorming  numerous  -ink  holes,  which  are  found  all  over  the  township. 
\  little  ^tream  called  Sink  creek  runs  into  one  of  these,  where  it  dis- 
appears. Man\  years  ago  a  saw  mill  was  erected  upon  this  stream. 
with  sufficient  water  to  run  it  about  three  months  in  the  year.  There 
is  a  similar  (reek  with  a  small  saw  mill  a  little  west  of  this.  Whenever 
'.here  is  a  heavy  or  continuous  rain,  these  sink-holes  overflow,  doing  a 
^ MI  id  deal  of  damage  sometimes. 

The  greatest  natural  curiosity  in  Thompson  is  its  celebrated  cave 
The  entrance  to  the  cave  is  near  the  south  end  of  the  east  half  of  the 
iior;hwe>!  quarter  of  section  one,  on  the  land  once  owned  by  Mason 
KMUH-V.  one  and  one  hall' miles  from  Hellevue,  and  three-quarters  of  a 
mile  from  Hat  Rock.  The  discovery  ot  the  cave  is  generally  attri- 
buted to  George  and  Henry  Hasson.  It  was  probably  first  discovered 
bv  l.yman  and  A>a  Strong.  It  was  known  as  early  as  the  year  1815 
by  the  settlers  on  the  Kire  land,  and  visited  frequently  by  the  hunters 
f«>r  the  purpose  ot  killing  rattle  snakes,  which  were  found  here  in  great 
number:-,  and  which  gave  the  name  of  Rattle  Snake's  Den  to  the  cave. 
The  nio'ith  of  the  cave  is  six  feet  long  and  three  feet  wide.  Upon 
examining  the  land  in  the  immediate  vicinity,  it  appears  that  about 
fi\e  acres,  from  some  unknown  cause,  have  sunk  several  feet.  Some 
i  onjc'  fired  that  the  limestone  rock  once  rested  upon  a  bed  of 
-tone,  whii  h  being  washed  away  in  course  of  time,  left  a  cavity 
.wallowed  up  the  whole  mass  above.  There  is  no  doubt  but  that 
'.me  ;n  tin-  world's  history  a  gre.it  convulsion  has  racked  the  sub- 
MM  he-re,  tor  a-  von  descend  the  cavity,  you  find  the  rocks  on  one- 
Mi  a  hori/.)ntal  [position,  while  on  the  other  side  they  incline  to 

o  i    .;  ^ 

ive  a   natural   passage  leads  downwards,  gradu- 
rertion.      At    a    depth    of  about  thirty  feet,  the 
ojistpu  p-d,    below   which,  darkness  forever  reigns. 
i  ot    the  '  urious   explorer,  who  examines 
After  a  descent  of  about  forty  feet,   you 


IHoMl'-oN    I-  .\V\-Hli>.  f>Of) 

enter  a  lur^'c  cavern,  anil  here,  a-  the  eye  Mir.ev-  the  '..•.t'ty  reihn;;  -in«i 
penetrate-  the  rece--e-  .ill  around,  the  mind  i-  peculiarly  impre->cd 
with  the  awful  grandeur  and  ina^nil'u  rn<  e  »l  the  -i  ene.  Pro.  e«-d>iij; 
onward,  water  i-  uh-erved  d:  ipp;n_;  Ir.'in  the  PM  k-  .i!>»\e.  wi.:<h  ;- 
lotind.  upon  examination,  to  In-  impregnated  with  -ulph'ir  and  !:•>•  d  - 
agreeable  to  tlie  ta-tc.  I'.etieath  are  d:-<  o\rred  tiie  tr.u  k-  »l  h.tnn;c-s 
animal->  that  roam  about  ;:i  ]•!  i<  e-  :n.i'  <  <---;l>!«-  to  rn.tn.  wh..i-  o\(  rhead 
ti.it>  are  --ei  n  su-pended  troiu  tin-  r«'i  N>.  ipj-.i'  •  r.''.\  l:t«-li  ->.  !••!'  win-n 
l>roii_:!it  to  tin-  >;:n  :hr\  soon  reioxcr.  and  imrnediatt-'.v  d.r<-<  t  tlx-ir 
i  <  >ur-e  to  ;  h<-  >  .tve 

Al'ter  a  de-.t  ent  of  nearly  two  h'jndrr^j  leet.  tli--  ;ia--.i^«-  interrujitcd 
!>v  a  >treain  ot  pureeoM  water,  whu  li  i>  \er\  ].'.c.i>ant  to  the  ta-te.  and 
ha>  .1  -MOW  i',irrent  to  the  northward.  !!::>  >;rra:n  r.-i-^  d.-n.n^  thr 
u. •!!!•--•  sea>i>n  of  the  vt-ar  about  ei^h'.y  !--et.  ind  i^.un  r<-."cde-  ujion 
the  ri.'i  urreiu c  oi  dr\  weather.  In  i  ^  }  ;.  .1  V'-ir  rrniarkalile  !•  <i  raii'i-. 
tlie  water  ro^c  in  the  cave  17  feet.  ,unl  w;th.n  '.lurtv  In-t  ot  -he  ^urta- c 
o!  the  earth.  \\  hen  .it  it->  niinMiuini  hr;_ht.  the  ^'.r<-ani  picx-nt-.  <>:\l\  .1 
lew  feet  of --'.srlaee.  but  it-,  bottom  h.i>  never  b>-t-n  rea<  lied. 

Thi-.  cave  i^  eert.iinly  an  olijcct  ot  interest  t"  all  who  ,i<i:n:re  the 
works  of  nature  or  delight  in  >ubterr.i:ie.m  wonder-.  ,u:d  were  t!u-  ro«k- 
excavated  aro'.md  the  mouth,  -o  a-  IK  render  the  in^re—  le->  tctliou-, 
it  would  doubtie--  be  vi-ited  by  thou-and-. 

I  ha\e  taken  the  forei^oiim  de-<  riptior.  ot  the  cave  trom  I'.'itterfield. 
and  (  opy  al-o  a  <  omniunicatiun  -!^ne«l  ••  \\  ."  to  tlie  . V; '.•./.•<>•{•  v  (".'/';<'/.• 
of  . -\uuu-t  17.  i.s4J  It  i-  -')  intimate!)  (  oniu-cted  with  the  -ubjet  t  that 
the  reader  will  jieru-e  it  with  interest: 

M  i>-i:-.  I-'. iii  I'tii;-:  1  ha\  >•  -ecu  Lr"inur  thf  fiiiii'l-  ••!'  thr  papi-r-.  a-  :i  "  -in- 
u'ular  |  'I  H- 1  MM  i  n  •  1 1;  i."  tin-  ll"\vinur  <•!'  t  !n-  \\  ati-r  fi-nin  ,1  well  ;il"  'lit  >-]<-\  <-M  inilf- 

t'l-.illl   111!.-   plaer. 

Miiu'iil.ii ,  I  tliink  it  i-  nut.  ;in<!  iif\\    1    kii^u    i!    nut    !«•  \<>'.      Nntln-i  ,i>  iTp- 

I  f.-rliti-d   di'l    it    e,  .lllllH'lie.-   '•  ;i!i    at      ulirr     In     lliiU.'f.U      JtUa-     kti'-Wli     J.i|i-t- 

mans  ila>-  lirl'«irc  it  eniuiiii-nefd  in  n\  i-rilnu  .  ainl  lia-l  in-i-n  daih  \\;il<-!in|. 
>nnit-  i|;i\  s  il  I'tiM-  ;i  little,  iinil  -nine  i|;is  -  it  !«•!]  a  ! ;; ; ',.-.  mil  i !  tin-  la-t  \  ;.'!<-nt 
i.ini.  wln-n  ii  c'i'iiiiiii-iiei-.|  I'linninLr  n\rr. 

Hilt  prill, ip--  \ni|  \\jll  lii-tl.-]'  1|||'!rr-l;il|i!  l!|r  -llli|rel  ;1  I  U' !  \  r  Null  thr  1'rMlll 
n!'  l|l>  nlix-l  \  ;it  ii  ill-.  .'III'!  \\ll.ll  I  ll.nr  lr;uni-.|  rnnrrl  llilr.T  til''  -Illitrl  1  .llir.lll 
\\  .itrl  -  "t  1 1 i.l i  rr_r:"li .  t"l  1  hr  !;•-!  i|  il.i:  !••!  •  •!'  :i  <  rnl  ;ir\  . 

(    i.l'l   elrrk.    p!i'l'.l!'!\    tin-   piiln   ll'.-t!   nllllr!    "I     !!(••   U;ilrr.   n-r-   III    M.I  I  ^'.11 1  t  t.l 

I 1  >\\  I l-l i  !p  ill  ii  'ill    i  lit'rr  ,11 1'!  .1   !  1.1  It    llll!r-    I  |-"|i;  ^.ili'i  :;-k  \    IM  \      .ij,.|  ..'   .in  i  :i  \  .1 
tl I     !it't\     I'r.-t     ,ll"'\r     l.akr     I'Jlr    .    illl"    \\!:!i-||     :!    l!i.' 

1 1 " ;  i .  .  M  i '  I  in  1 1 : .  i :  '  I ;  - ; .  1 1 ,  •  • '  •  - 1 1 1 1  p  i :  •  •  -  thr  v. .  i !  •  - 1  l » :  1m 

I'lir   -prill-      i  !i:i:      111'       i    !  r.-k      l!"U  -     !l.   Ill    \\ 

r\;  >iit .  lull  li\   'lamniiim    i!    e!.i-rl"    l!ir    ln-.nl.  tin-  •  .-u;  -••  .-I    :!.i-w.j;n    \\.i- 


,,,o  HI- I  i  >KY     OF    SKNKCA    COTN  T\  . 

changed  under  -r»nnd.  -o  as  1"  divert  a  part  of  it.  which  a«r;iin  bursts  out  at 

;,!„,,,;  [uo  hmi'lrc.l  rods  di-tant.  from  a  ureal   depth  in  the  cartli.  forming  a 

);,,>.  1|,,.ii;  !i-u    tee1,   acro-s.  which  was  afterwards  partially  surrounded  by  a 

;i.i!  i|;iin.  \\  iih  !li<-  i iili-nl  inn  nf  during  the  water  liack  to  tin-  old  creek; 

I,,!-  iL,  i||,-  uaicr  ssoiild  nut  run  up  hill,  the  dam  wa-   extended  and   a  canal 

_:  ihe  -prinur-  in  one  le\el      The  new  spring  is  now  about  KM!  feet 

,.  i.,.\s  !--haped  ;n  id  fr.>m  I"  to  do  I'.  •(•!  i  lee  p.  ss  iih  the  \\  at  ei'  so  clear  that 

[MI  .kin-.:  i  i  "in  ;i  boat  'Hi  ii  -  -ur  face,  can  .-ee  small  objects  Moating  at 

.; ;,  ,;n.  and  -eei ii  theiuse!\  i  -  t»  lie  lloal  in-  in  the  air. 

T:  ,-„  ;-  ri-e  |r--  than  l\\o  mile-  iroin   the   Fire  lands,  wliich  is  also 

'  :i:c.  s>.  >'-', .  \\  i  i  hin  u  !  i  irh  distance  allot  her  rises,  called  the  I  lock - 
;•.  uhit'li  s!"\\s  \\i-xt   into  Saiidu^Ux  coiint\.and  supplies  water  to 
;:  -.i'.\   mi'!. 

!']!,•  v.,,''  !    that   -.ilpjilif^  thoe  ^prili'^--  1>  ->nppnscd   to  collie  tVollI  the  exleil- 

. \\  .mil  '->  and  marches  i  iiai  lie  iVt  'in  -•>  lo  ."u  miles  in  a  southern  direction, 
ai>dal»"U  [i\  >•  mill'- iitTtli  u|'  the  di\idimi'  ritlu'e  that  separates  the  waters 
i!,.\s  iii-  in!"  l !;'  ( >hio  ri\  i-r  and  th'»e  iluwinu'  into  Lake  Mrie  at  this  point, 
and  al  rather  a  gradual  elevation  of  about  iun  1'eet  above  the  level  of  the 
lake. 

T'l  .>in  ( '.ild  en-ek  t"  iiioe  >\\  ani]i->.  1  here  is   strong  evidence  of  lar.u'e  i|iian- 

lil  ie>.  nt' \\ater  riinniiiir  under  the  Mirt'ace  of  the  earth.     The   lirst    isaliout 

•'  Ms  !  ".U  1 1"!  n  t  he  head  »\  the  creek,  v,  here  the  breaking  out  of  a  few  stones 

at  ihe  h.. ""in  uf  a  small  leil^e.  exposed  a    lara'e  and    deep    stream    of    water. 

eiin-tanl  1\   riiniiinii'.   the  li<>!i"!u  ol'  \sliichcaniiot    be   reached  at  t \venty  fec-t 

n  a  ~!aii!  iiiLT  direction,  anil  the  surface  can   In-   >eeii  ten    feet  wide.     . \tan- 

:!:•  r  place.  -.  .;n.-  ;  s\ . .  mil---,  >, mtli.  uater  can  al\\  a\  >  be  obtained  b\  sinking 

:  Me  !  i  "in  I11  1 feet  in  the    cre\  ices   of    the    rock.     Then,  a.u'ain.  alioiit 

;'  .  ••  mi',''^  -"ii '  h  "!'  ( 'tilil  creeli.  is  a  d  :-h  i  IIL:'  prairie.  <  if  from  one  to  two  liiin- 

'"l    land .  ss  hicli.  after  a    series  «\    rains  >«-asuus.  fills  b\  the  water 

-  l'"l  it  im.  through   the    a  1 1  u\  ial    >"i  1    1  hat    forms  the  surface  of 

tin1  pi.iirii  .     'I'iu'ii  abi.iit    niie   mile   t'urtlici'  -i.nth.  i-  a  .-imilar  prairie,  from 

-i'leiii    ss  hich.  at  abniit  ten   feet   cle\ation   from   its  bottom,  is  the 

Tl:i      r»t   account   of  the  i!n\siim'  nf  tiii>  pi'airie  reaches  back 

-f\i-n  \.MI-.      A    man    ssh"  h;'d   >eitled   on   the  north   bank  for 

•  .  !  . -ii'' '. '.  at  ::i.'    the    'and-    below,  wliich    he    found    reads   for  the 

.unie.i    b\    a    ioiid    report    and    the   shaking   of    the 

1  "1  In--  cabin,  he  heard  a    -oiind   as  of   run- 

ihe    -put     fl'oln   sslli'liee  the  -oiilld   pl'oceed- 

•m  !he  -ir  face  , ,['  ;  in1  earth  \v it  h  t  remendous 

.  in   a  \  "hiine  larger  !  hau  a    In  i^'-head  . 

'>',  a  -    ill  lei  I.  and  t  he  \s  ati-r  ran  off 

'    t  h  i-.  i  lie    pi'ai  rie   ii  1  led  -e\  era  1 

-  and  bottom,  but  not 

-    ;.  e.«  i  -    au> '.  s\  hen    the    i!i  i\\  iim 

AfJer  i!    had   .••-a-e.l  il,,w- 

".  aler  a-    it    -d  I  le.l  doss  n.  -o  as 

-  ip-itrhboi  lh MM!.     A  fter 

: '    direct  i,  in.  !  lie  course  d  is  el'u'ed 
"ii.   abmii    a-,   much    linlher:   then 


M  I 

after  ivniit\  inir  tin-  riili|ii-.h  alunit  tuvntv  Ifi-t  fiirtln-i  in  a  |>rr|M-n<tii'iilar 
ilirft-tinn.it  was  aliauitimril  at  a  ili>taiirr  ><i  iitt\  1'i-i-t  limn  tin-  -.uifa.1-  ••!' 
tlift-aitli.  Since  that  linn- \\ati-r  fiiiiM  alu  a\  >>  In-  I.>HIP|  at  tin-  l>'iit.>ni  in 
t  In-  >pi  in-_r  nl  tin-  \t-ai.  Ki-_'ht  \i-ar-.  a-.,'"  i!  "'.  •  -i  l!<  >\\  t-i|  a-jaiii.  -tiifi-  \\lijfli 
I  in  H-  1 1  if  if  ha->  i  H-fa-.it  inallx  I  n-i-n  hi  ^h  \\  at  •• !  MI  :  I  ' !  ui :  n  j;  a  \\  t-1  •»••  a*"ii .  \\  IH-II 
it  tiilt-'l  tin-  prairif  !"  tin-  t-Mi-nt  ni  al-"it  -f\i-nt\  !i\.-  a.'i.->.  !!•• 
I'f  life-  aii'l  ilf-I  it  t\  in-_'  tin-  i  i")!-.  It  la-!«-il  at...u!  t.-n  <l.\\- 
l!"\\  MIU'.  aii'l  i  an  I  Mi-k  .  -• '  i  hat  tip-  j'i  a:i  n  v\  a-  •!(  v  v\ ;!  h'.n  .;  A  •  ••> 

tlr.iiiifi!    I"    tin-    ui-il.    5 1  if     \\aii-i      -i-ltlinj     aUa\     ;'.:••':.!,    tip 

Illlttdlll. 

\\'  In  it-  tin-  \\ati-r  \\  a>  al   il-  lii^'hi--:   \<«  r  •  a!  iii!-  i  nm- .  'In-  lain:!  . 
tai'in  \\  IP  n-  tip-  "  t!'  i\\  tn-^  \'.  t-!l 
u  hi'-h  -t-i'iiiM.i    !n    t-i  inif    1 1  "in    tip-    •  at  t  h 

nii'iiiMi-^  i;  ua--  1 1  M  IIP!  I"  :ia\f  .-niiif  I1  "in  tip    "  <•'••.'  :n_  ••  .' 
a  I  M.I  1 1  t  lire  i- -.inarl  ••  r-  "t  a  iniif  in  a  ii"i  I  h  u  ••--!'  i        In  >•••!  :•  •       ; :  ->:it 


I'uli--."  as  i!u-\  an-  rallt-il.  tin-  !•!•.. ^.-n    !iiii'--'"ii'-   i 

llirnu  ii  "ii!  li\  ;  In-  I'm-,  r  ut  tin-  \\ati-r  u  ln-n  i!  lir^l  Imr-t  us  i 

l-'r<  'in  t  ln>  >|">l  I'' ']  •  It-ii  mi  It---  i  'f  iii"!  i  • .  t'  >u  at  >U  ;  in-  '  I  i\  ii! : 
u|' I  In- fiiin' i'\   i--    ui'li-nl  '••!    in   nunn-!  •-  >n-   plai-t-^.   \\iih    il"\ 
"  -^iiik  I n >!<•-.."  I ; .  'in  a  N-U    : -i  "U  '"  ntan\   ai '!'<••-  in  i-\!i-iit .      \I 
IM  >]i->"  .  1 1  v  IIP  iv  I '.  >u  !  -->i:a|it-i|  'ii'p!  <  ---;"ii->  "1  I  hi-  ^ii!  lai-t-.  H'- 
(inriir_r  ]tt-ri»iU  "!  tiiuli  \\  ati'-r.  It)    tin-   s\  a--l  inu   a\\  a-.    "I  '  li«- 
tin-  i-as  i-riii  i)i>  ri-.'.i'  'i! .  1  hi  "ii'^li  -'  MIII-  i-i  '• .  iff  :::  :  in-  <  "inpa'  i 
dial' •!>   l'1'in-alli.      I    am    li-'l    t"   thi>   I'liiii'lu^imi.    I'mm    [\\>- 
|'!a'-i  ^  \\i-M--  ha'.i-  lu-t-n  ilnu  inln  tin-  '•>  'iiii-.i--!   linii->ii'iif.  th 
u  at  t-i  .  1 1  n  I  i !  -c  in  ii-  ' !  i  \    >i-a-»  Mi .    \\  I  ifii    i !    I  LI  -    1  '!•'  '  'in'-  !'  '\\  .  .ii 
I  ii"i  i-.  t  ||i-\   |ia\  ••  i'l  "k'  1 1  1  !n ''  'ii'jli  :  nit '  tin-  l""^i-  1  MIII--:  •  'in-,  a 
ha.l. 

(  >:h.-r>  "!  tin-      -:nU  IP-!'--.  "  ha- i»-n 

tin-  \\att-i   ri --i---  :n     t    \\i-t    ~-i-a^"ii.    \\lr.l-'     :li:".i_rh 
-.ni'l'!  u-~  \s  att-r  1 1 '  'in  I  hi-  ^u  rta'-i-  "1  llu-  t  "iini  r  \   i   in-  nit. 

A  •  I ''.  .1 1  ii  a-ji---  h.i\r  Iti-i-n  takt-n  •'!  --iiini-  "        ••-•  'I'-i11 


(\  ,  j  HISTORY    OK    SKN'KCA    COUNTY. 

aiii"iiur-t  it-  brain-lies,  more  than  twenty  feet  from  the  ground,  iloated  there 
\\lien  the  uat.T  wa-  at  that  height. 

|M  connection  \\itli  the  above  I  will  ment  ion  a  circumstance  that  took 
plac.  a  fe\\  sear-  a^o  in  the  region  of  the  sink  holes:  A  man  well  known  to 
m\ self  hud  a  team  of  three  yoke  of  rattle  plowing  in  the  spring.  Wlien  it 
commenced  rainim:  he  stopped  his  work  and  turned  his  cattle  loose  in  the 
!ic!d.  The  rain  pn>\  ed  to  he  a  long  storm,  lasting  several  days.  When  it 
held  up  and  lite  cattle  \\eiv  looked  after,  one  of  them  was  missing,  and  sup- 
in»ed  l>\  tin-  o\\  ner  to  have  jumped  the  fence  and  strayed  off,  until  moi'e 
i  h.in  ;  :.ree  v.e.-k-  afterward.-  the  o\  was  found  in  the  lot.  where  he  had 
M-ttled  dn\\  11  throuuh  the  soil  into  a  crevice  of  a  rock  below,  and  nothingbut 
hi-  head  and  -boulders  mi!,  lie  \\as  taken  out  and  lived,  with  no  other  in- 
nir\  than  the  loss  of  hair  from  the  buried  part.  Another  o\  was  lost  three 
\\eeks.andfoiindal  the  bottom  of  a  sinkhole  in  the  woods,  the  sides  of 
u  Inch  he  had  browsed  clean. 

I  uill  fin "iher  state  that  \\hensome  parts  of  theeotintn  I  have  been  de- 
-rnbiiiur  \\ere  lir-t  settled,  they  were  ver\  much  iiifesteil  with  rattlesnakes. 
\\  1 1  ieli  \\  ere  -oiud  imes  I  on  nd  early  in  the  spring  in  large  numbers  upon  the 
-in  I, ice  ot  t  he  earth  in  their  torpid  state,  driven  from  the  rocks  below  by 
the  i  i  ,iii'_r  ot  the  uater.  bet'ore  the  sun  \\  as  sutliciently  powerful  to  warm 
them  into  aclis  e  life. 

I  ha\e  written  so  much,  more  than  I  had  intended  when  I  commenced  that 
I  u  ill  tini-h  b\  adding,  that  notwithstanding  the  immense  quantity  of  water 
in  t  he  count  rv  abo\  e.  Cold  Creek  is  never  a  fleeted  by  the  rising  or  falling  of 
the  water  in  Thompson  to  the  extent  of  six  inches.  Yours  respectfully. 

\V. 

I  have  thus  copied  at  length  for  the  purpose  of  directing  the  atten- 
tion ot  -nine  geologist  to  the  investigation  of  the  subject.  The  old 
notion  that  ('old  creek  is  the  outlet  of  the  subterranean  stream  in 
ThoinpMin,  might  as  well  be  abandoned. 

Ksquire  Sherk,  of   Hellevue,    tells   me  that  whenever  the  water  was 

high  in  Thompson  alter  a  freshet,  and  running  into  the  sink  holes,  great 

«iuant;!:e>  ot  water  came  out  of  the   ground    in   the  southeast  corner   of 

Sandu-ky<  ounty  —York  township,  and  in  (Iroton  also,  in  Krie  county — 

.ind  overflowed  great  tracts  ot' land  there,  showing  that   Thompson   has 

.her  altitude  than  either  of  the  other    places    named.      In  1872   the 

"  Ko\er  ihti  ii  "  \va-  constructed,  which  now  carries   away  all   the 

•water    .n    it-,    vicinity,    and    since    this  time  the  overflowing   in 

N  o  r  k    i  i  -i  i  <  i  r  o ; .  i  n  has  <  c  a  -ed . 

s|i.  Jdias  I  larshberger,  the  surveyor, 
en  and  twelve,  in  Thompson,  (ieorge 
id  lacol)  Kornerwere  the  proprietors, 
ut  I  \(  lle\  uc  ali-orbcd  it.  and  checked  its 
!  I  .ewi -\i  lie.  but  the  name  o!  its  post  office 
il'  the  town  i-  heard  but  seldom.  The 


Ill-  i.\!r>'  >N    I  .  iU  VxHIJ'.  (,\  • 

eountry  about  the  town  i->  rich  ami  !>-.•. ntif'il  Two  of  the  JITOJM  ;r:tor->. 
1 1  i-t)-ter  ati'l  K.orncr,  have  i^one  to  th>-:r  loti;,'  home-  Mr  ><  h  »  k  .s 
•>;:!!  living 

'I 'he  <  >i -j>!i. in-.'  Home,  under  the  <  .u  •••  »: 'he  I  '.\  .i:\^.<-l'<  ai  i  )rir<  h.  IN 
Mtu.ited  here,  an.!  U'.i.ler  the  •  .ire  .•:  :t>  |-r.->  -at  ^entlein.iM;-.  .1:.-!  intclli 

iidit  >u;.er;!r.entii-ir..  tin-  Ke\.  Mr.  |ire>':-i.  :i.  \v.'.!  'i  .  ^re.r     ^ i.   .i>   it 

h.i-  .i!re.i«l\'  e^;.il)'r.^he«l  .1  i\-|.  it.it  :•  »u  !»i  it-i-lr.  :•.  :he  'joij..:  ot  the 
i  h;iK  ii  .in'!  tin-  .  MUM!)  .ii:ke. 

Tlioinj >-o;i;  I-A  :;  xv.i-  -.urveyeil  .in<!  ]...i:tr.'t  MI  the  •  orner>  ui  -e.  t;<»ii<. 
to:irteen  a.'i'l  MIleiMi  .ruJ  tweii'v  t  A  >  .ui'!  '.  \v<-:itv  three.  .>;i  •.!,.•  i  i'h  <l.ty 
.»!  \.  «\  fui'  »•  •!  •.  |S.  \\ /.'.;. un  \l<('.ri:  \.  \!«:  ii.  i:n  *»!iei*.  .in-!  S.iinuel 
Sherk  were  tli.-  i'ro|»r:v-t»r>.  I  :ie  -•;:••  -v  -\  i^  jii.ri--  ::,  :h<  -  mie  ii)"ii!h 
w:ieii  (ieiii-r.i1.  li.irr;>on  w.i-,  eiei  '.eii  i're-  lent  ••:  the  I  ri^ol  >!.ite-. 
'1'hat  en-led  tiie  "  h.ir.l  <i«ler"  <  .ini;».i.^n.  !•  ,t  ;:  \v  .1-  :  •  •  r e  i>.  >i\  \\}\\ 
'I'hom>^ontown  never  ro^ereil. 


\\'.i->  <>ne  ot'  the  e.irly  ^ettier-  ;n  I'iMiiiii- MI.  !!••  .in-i  .'.•!  M'h'-r  R"\er 
are.  :ierh.i|f.  'he  oniv  Mir\'i\  or>  oi  rii.i:  c^t^,,.:  j-imn-er-  Mr.  i\.o\er 
still  re>;-!e>  in  ni«Miij.M,n.  !>nt  Mr.  t/n-li  rh:\'.  ;i  \V  ,  ..{  e.,-;nt\  .is  I 

am  inloMiieil. 

It   i-.  -ui!  tli  it  tn.iny  year^  a.^o  Mr.  \\!ii:ne\.  uin'.e  'r!i»:ii|> 

-.ui.  near  N  ithan     \\"hi'!i"v.  \va>    tak.-n    • 


;  ,  i-\pre»  himself.  In-  --aid  .1  ..Teat  in  my  ui,rly  things  of  those  who  want- 
t , i  ;n  lmr\   him  ah\  e. 

I      •  TI     •:•;  iker  ref'i-ed  to  take  tlic   cottin    hack,  and   the  family  put  it 

'..if*    |»f   'lie  cihin.    whrre    I'or    manv   years  thereafter,  it  was 

•    i!r!ol  a]i]iK'>  in.      ^fvi-r.il    years    thereatUT  the  father   of 

.->!   ,in<i    \v;is  imrin!    in    the   same  cottin.      1 1  is  name  \v<is 

(  i  ". ', ;  A  • '  i '  i  i . 

\1-     \\iii'r,e\     :•>   •>!:!!    i;\in^    near,    and    west    ot.  Woodville.    in  \\'ood 

HT   of  mv  old    irienil,  Samuel    Homer,  lived  on  a  tarm  about 

e.iM    of   l''!at   Ro:  k,  which    had  a    little   >|irin;j;    on   it       All    the 

:i.  :_;hli  T-  <  ame    there    tor   water,  and  kept  the  spring  ;n  bad  condition. 

M-.    llorner  thereupon    made    u]i    his   mind  to   have  a   well  for  his  own 

famiiv  !!-e.    and    dnu   down    -.oine   si\    ieet.  when  he   came  upon  a  rock. 

He  I'M   <  ,i  crow  bar  and  ^tnick  the  rock,  when  a    stream    of  water  burst 

o\  iTi!o\ve<i    ;he   well    and    tormed   a  constantly  running  stream. 

Mr.   (nhii  I'lSinu.in  lives  on  the  tarm  now. 


VV1 


(n<) 


HISTORY    '>K    SKNKCA    OH'NTY. 


Colonel  Kilboarn.  who  has  been  often  mentioned  as  one  ot"  the  pioneer 
survivor-  here,  on  '.he  jXth  ihiy  of  February.  iS«8,  surveyed  and  platted 

(  '  iro'.inV.  on  <ecti»ns  ten  and  eleven,  and  named  it  alter  a  daughter   of 
(•(]  ;„  I'lihuore.  the  iir-<  -cttler  in  the  town  and  one  of  the  proprie- 

llri  tor  Kilhourn  and  I'.yron  Kilbourn  bein^  the  others. 
\ndiv\v    Moore  -ettled  in  thi-  town  in   iXjjo,  on  the    first  day  of  April, 
d  re-idrd  there  to  the  time  of  his   death,    \vhich    o<  curred  on  the  6th 
.    \  :         _  |  s  jo.        His  widow   died    at    this  writing.)      lie    was   county 
>-.oiicr  one  time,  and  a  most  excellent  citi/en.     James  McKibben 
:ed  iirre  on  the  17111  of  |une.   1X^0.      There  were  but  fifteen  families 
in   \  eni<  c  at  tii.it    time. 

t  »;1  tlU'  i-,!  dav  of  M.iy.  i>s^.  \\iliiam  Miller  and  Samuel  Miller,  two 
brother-,  from   I'enn-ylvania.    laid    out  Attica.      Ihivid    Risdon  was   the 
-tin  evor.      The    name    was    derived    from    the  postoftice  by  that  name. 
\vhii  ii  had  been    located    there    before    the    survey  of  the   town.       K/.ra 
iliibcrt    named  tile    po-,tot'tice    alter    the    town  in  New    \  ork.  where   he 
formeriv  re-ided.      Mr.    (iilbert    kept    the  first    public  house  here,   and 
N'ath.tn  Merriman  kept  the  first  store.      In   iS^6  Attica  contained  twen 
tv  dwelling-  already,  and  a  population  of  one  hundred.      In   1X4011  had 
eighteen    more.      It   is  now    a    very  livelv    countrv  town,  and  has   a    fine 
trade.      A  lawyer.     Mr.     Lester    Sutton.    is    located    here,  and    some   six 
jiliy-.ii  i  in-.      The  Attics  /<  nr/hi.   is  a  ver\    readable    weekly  newspaper. 
and  ven   a!)i\   edited  by  mv  old  trieiid   Mr.   |.  ('.  M\ers.      The  rich  farm 
::i_  (  (immun  :'.  \  •  -'irroundin^  Attica    will    always    make  the  town  a   j^oixl 
trading  po-t.      The  town  ha-    a    -plendid  -<  hool  liouse.  a  healthv  situa 
;inti  and    i    ^ood  moral  enniinunitv  ot  intelligent  people. 

icnnial    )th  of  July  celebration  in  Attica  11X76)    my  vener 

:  Mr.    |ohn-on   h'ord.  had  read  to  the  assembled  multitude 

•i  '  hi-tors  o!  ihi-  township,  which  m_v  friend  I)r.   Myers  was  so 

•••  pin  !•  a'  mv  (!i-po-al.  and  from    which   I  ipiote.      It    was   ably 

:  i  •  :   ;:"'  i  '.  ;  <\  hi-  -on. 

A  'i  I'M  A.  I  )ci-cmlicr  L.".'.  Is?!). 

•  "I    tin1    iii-ti>r\    i.t'    \'ciiirc  t.i\\  usliip  ;i:nl  Attica,  as 
i  "it  ul'  i  IP-  Ii  h  n!'  .1  n!\  .  l  -7'i.      1  1'  \  mi  I'm  d  an\    i  natter 
.    1    -hall    t'i'i-1    ami'l>   ri'Uarilcd.      M\  best  \vislics 

•  I.   (''.   MVKIJS. 


VKNIi  K     Ii>\\  NMtir. 


6.; 


A   <  i:\TK\s"!  \i.    III-IIIKY    «>K    \r.\n  i:    I 

v  i  i  n  \. 


•i!V.-r.-.l  ..(    Id-  •-.•[. ->.::«t|..n  111    Alt:,  n  July  4 

l-'nr  tin-  iiann--.  ilali--.  ami  all  lads  (M-I  Umin.:  t"  tin-  i-arii.--t  i .-.  ..ill  .if  tin- 
tln-n  m-u  tn\\  ii-liip  <il  Vi-nii-i-.  I  am  imli  hti-'l  IM  i ).,-  ;  u ••  \ d.-i .in  |>inin  «T-, 
Faltu-r  M.-1'ln-i  -mi  ami  1'atin  i  l-'.-r-l.  u  In—  In-a-l-.  u  ii:;.-:n  •!  )>•.  th.-  HM-[-  ,,f 
iniif«-  than  fmir  --uiv  >i-ar-.  an-  ]•••!  mitt--.!  \»  -it  I»-ita>  <>n  tin- |i!alf»Mii. 
Still  lisinu'at  tin-  u  i  it  :m_r.  Ma\  '->!h.  I**". 

All  liMiP'r  t.'  tin-in  ami  tin-  .'tln-i  |>:.>m-i'i-.  IM  \\hn-i-  |u-r-«-\  .-lam  ••.  pri\;i- 
tiiMi-  ami  -r!f -i|i-nial  u  r  ln-.la\  an-  hi.  -M-,|  \\  Hh  a  h"tin-  in  a-  ln-.uil  ;1  ill.  \>i»- 
itudi\  '•  ami  u  rail  h\  a  IMU  n-hi|>  a-  an>  in  lln-  u'l 'ami  uM  -tali-  ••!'  <  Mil". 

I.i.ukiii^  M\.T  MIII  ri.-h    ii'llmi:    farm-,    it    ;-    hai'l  !••  n-ali/i-  that  niil\  lift\ 
\car- a'^.>  llii'M- -aim- lii-lil- \\i-n- aiii-\ti-mli-il  ami    iinhii.ki-n   !'M|-I--I.     In  du- 
im-iiPTii--  M|  tin-  !'i-u     ulpi-i'    -i!\i-ri-il    In-a'l-    appi-.u    aim..,^   n- io-i!a\  .  Um-»- 
-i -t-ni--  ai'i-  ili.-t  i  m-t  am!  iva!  -t  :!1.  u  hi!<-  \\  •-.  tin-  \  •  'iin_'i-r  ^i-in-iat  :><n.  inu-t  i'i- 
sort  tn  fam-N  !••  cati-h  a  \  n-u  . 

I  \si-h  it  \\i-n-  ]m--ilili-  In  pMiiraN  lln-  dark  fn|-i--l.  lln-  r.i\inj  Imlian-.  tin- 
liMuliiiLT  ui'nl  l'i-a-:-.  tin-  |i|Miii-f]-  lia!'il-hi|--  im-t  am!  i-mluii-il  i>\  mn  latln-r-. 
ami  make  tin-  Mn|>!v--iMii  ^,,  uiih  u-  th:"ir_'h  lift-.  -.  i  thai  \\  ••  im^hl  In- 
tau-ht  lln-n-l'>  In  rt-.-pcrl  \\itha  IUMJ,,",  ,!, •_'!,-,•  ,,f  \.-m-iat  i-m  t!n--_'ra>  hair- 
nl'  tin1  fi'\\  u  IP>  i i-niain. 

A  fad  in  tin  1ii-tiir>  nf  thi-  tnun-hiii  -lmiil.1  mil  !•.-  ,,-.  ,.|  :...,k.-,|  ni  i.-ft-i  - 
i-iii-r  in  t  In-  <  niiiniiiii-  aii'l  Saip!n>k\  t  urn|iiki-.  ll.n-li  alti-inati-  -i-di..n  n| 
laml  '\\ a>  '^raiitfil  l'\  tin1  li-Lli-lat ui'i'  M|  tin-  -tat'-  I"  a  <  < 'nii«an\  a-  an  imlii.  .-- 
nii'iit  In  :imli-itak'-  it-  i-mi-triidii  MI.  r.i!nm-l  .l.inn--  K  i!l>.  nu  n.  ••!  W.-r- 
I  hinu'tMii.  (  )!iin.  in  !  x'_'7.  \s  'a-  i-ni|'Ii  >\  '-'1  h>  llii-  i-Miu|iaii>  i"  -n;  •-  r\  a  in  I  I'li-ati- 
!lii-  Miail.  !  n  tin-  -.inn-  \i-ar  <  'MI  in-lin-  t .  ilniiMv  imi!;  fm-  h:in-i-lf  a  i-.il.in  ..n 
lh»-  -i.iltli  l.aiik  nf  llMin-\  i-n-i-k.  uh.iv  tin-  iv-ii|.-m.- ..!  U.  .1.  M.  |'|i--|--..n 
IIM\\  -taml-.  am!  In-  ua-  thu-  tin-  iii'-t  -i-ttli-i'  in  N'.-nii'c  |M\\  n-'niji.  Ili-in^  a 
lilai-k-inilh  h\  ira-l'-.  hi-  -••!  \  ii •»•-  SM-H-  ri-ijii:  i  •-.!  1>>  ni-t-Min-!  -  la!  an-i  tn-ai 
K/ra  i  .ilhi-;  t  -rtl'.-il  hen  in  I-'-"1.  In  \u-n-i.  !-_'-.  vnuii.-i  I  l.i!-:. -i  l-ni; 


.-al'in  li"ii-i-  MII  tin-  |.ri--i-n!  -itc  nt'  llitiiiiuri-i  an.l 
.>!  tin-  -ani'-  >i-.u  .l''hn-"ii  !•''>;. I  ni"\ci!  MI!"  I'.i-  . 
!<|i-iirf  ,,i   Id.  |  ;.n  li.-r  iicu  -la  ml-.      In  <  ><  :••!"•!.  : 
i.iiih  i  a--l  "i  tin-  piki-.  tn-ar  l|..m-\  •:••.•!..      In  N 
I  Hi  ill  hi-  h"ii-f  in  tin-  i-i-iii«-r  ••!'  thi-  i"\\  ii-liijt.  an 

,rUlfi|    i  Ml    tin-    -ill-  "|     |  ..    (  ).    (  ,  rt-fli"-    |il  r-.-Ilt     n--l' 
In  Mi.-  iiPMith  "!    NM\  .-in hi -l  .   I-J-.  a'   tin-  :i  -!a! 
U  a-  p|i--i-liti''i  I' '  I  !n-  i''  'in!  n!--!  •>!;'••  -  .'1   '.  In-    ••••!  I! 
lin-iii- ili'4  a!    1  In-  i"\\  n-hi|i  !im-  1  .',!•!.  I  u  .  •  a  in  I    "!;• 
.11  ii|   iMlinii".:  iiia^Miial!_s    IM  tin-  -<  ni'.  !i     •;   i -a-1 
\i-\\    ila\i-n.  in -a;   'In-  Ihii'Mi    i-i'MiiI\     inn  .    I 
Alt  n-a.     Tin    i-i-iit  i"ii  ua-  u;an'.-.!.  ai.il   !  >.r.  ••!   ! 
1,  ,,-ali  -i  I  I  In-  n  MI!,  ami  ;iiinn-iiiati-!\   ^aimn-!   1 1  a  I  - 
,,in   I'1 '!  il  IM.  k  i  In-ir  a\i--.  ami  us  -: 
I  a  k  i  1 1  -  1 1  n  •  i  i'  1 1  i  1 1 1  ii  •  I"-  u  i '  h  1 1 1 1  - 1 1 1 .  .  i :  i  • !  i  •  •  1 1 1 ! ! :  1 1 1  ^  1 : 
l'i  u^al  -i i) '("•!-  i'i  '-MM i  iu'-.f!  am1  •  ;  ii-l  .'Mil.  .-. 


(>1S  IHSroKY    OF    SKNF.CA    COUNTY. 

ahe.id  to  lie-  future.  Lra\e  us  these  im]iortaut  cross-roads,    which  proved  the 
iiii,-!,-n->  oi  our  fair  \  illau'e. 

F'ra  (tilbert.    earl>    in    the    spring   of    Ivj'.i.  erected  a  cabin  on  the  corner 

u  ),,.,,.  |  •,,,,]  and  Strannler's  hard  ware  store  now  stands,  and  opened  a  public 

,.,-,,.     xhorth  then-after.  Nathan  Merriinan.  from  Kucyriis.  opened  out  a 

..toi-U  of  dr\  UM,nh  and    uToceries  in    a    lo^  building  on  S.  A.  llinjjle's 

ci  •;  lie!. 

(in  the  roll  "i  March.  I1-:!'.  I'St  her.  the  wife  of  Johnson  Ford.  died,  lea  v- 
1;,.;  hn-.tiand  alone  I"  hK  sorrow.  A  nei^ldior  \\ent  to  Republic  toassist 
i,,  ;i,r  i,ivp.irat  ion  of  a  cherr>  collin.  At  tin-  funeral  the  remains  were  placed 
,,,,  a  i  ude -led  dra\\  n  !>'.  M\en.  Samuel  Ilalsted  drove  the  team  and  Iv/.ra 
c,ill-ei-i  \\alked  li\  the  side  <if  the  lone  husband  ei^ht  miles,  to  the  cemetery 
in  •>, -ipi.i  to\\  ii-'uip.  Ithadlieeii  arranged  that  a  funeral  discourse  should 
!„.  pi-.-aehed  at  ihe  house  of  Fthan  Smith,  neai'  the  place  of  burial,  and  the 
^eitlt-rs  trathered  there,  but  no  minister  came,  and  without  so  much  as  a 
Christian  pra\er.  the  liod\  \\a>  put  to  rest.  The  pioneer  returned  to  his  lone 
cabin,  and  although  nearh  a  half  ceiitun  has  passed  away,  he  is  with  us 


here  lo-da\. 

Thr -econd  death  was  a  child  of  Samuel  Ilalsted.  .Mr.  Ford  donated  an 
am-  in  the  center  of  hh  t'arm  foi-  a  Imrial  place,  and  cleared  the  same.  The 
i  riiiaiu-  of  a  child  of  I'hMip  M  uck  was  the  lirst  interment  there  and  the  third 
death. 

iMirinu'  1s'-"-1  lii'1  tollo\\in^  persons  settled  here:  Nathan  Merriinan. 
( ,o\cnicnr  1-Mwards.  I'hilip  Mm-k.  .John  Armat.i^e.  .lacijb  Cook.  Henry 
SiM-akcr.  Jr..  .lames  \\'illoiiirhby.  David  Koop.  David  Kemp.  John  \Voolet. 
S:imiiel  Woolet.  Samuel  Croxton  and  Jollier  llilliiiirs.  Men  were  also  em- 
(,;,  ,\  t-d  on  i  hr  I  urupikc. 

i  >n  ;  In-  l-i  da>  of  June.  1  ^ •_".*.  1  his  tou  iiship  was  a  part  of  IMoom.  and  the 
lino-  ,|na!i!i»->i  voter--  I'^idinu'  here  \\i-nl  to  the  jiolls  of  liloom  township  to 
i-.i-t  Hu-ir  \ote>  for  J,ihn  <,fiiiiic\  Adams,  opposing  candidate  to  Andrew 
J;i'-k>on  in  :  In  ant  uiun  of  !  ^-_'>. 

i  in  ih'-  ^ame  da\  l\'ra  (lilliei't  presented  a  petition  to  the  counts  commis- 
.jiiii'-r- f<«r  t he  or-iani/alioii  nf  !hi^  township  as  <iriii'inall\'  sur\"eyed.  The 
n, tine  \\ii-.  >iin'Lre-ted  li\  Johnson  l-'ord.  licinu  the  name  of  the  township  in 
(  i\  ir_ra  ' nl  \  .  N  .  \  ..  ;  ron i  \\  ln-nce  he  ca me. 

|i  i-  a  fact  \\ori  h\  of  t;ote  that  up  to  l^i'i  no  to\\nshi]i  otlicer  made  any 
-  -ei-\  j,-,--.  '1'he  po^totliee  at  ( 'aroline  \\as  taken  awa\  bydil- 
',ii'-  :$>  •'.  ei'i iie-iil  refused  |, ,  mak'-  other  appointments  for  Caroline. 
Tin  !  \'<,"  M" •-.:  ;.,-;,,:i;,-..  ua-  otablislied. 

I'-'  !••  !"'•:  \\  a:'d    the   settlement    of  the  township  and  villa,tie  was 

1!  .lacol,  ^    -\\  kirk,  fi-oiii  Ihe  slate  of  Ne\\    York,  erected 

ll-hip.    on     ihe     I'le-ent   >ile    o|'   F.    11.  Stei.Li'- 

i'!  '  i-  )••!  in  iii  i  "•;•;!  !••  i  'id   1 1  in  Id  It  >on  lio  use.      It    was  re- 

i  i!  \\  a-  the  pr,  ipertN    of  !  >a\  id    A  \  i'es. 

•'•  to\\n>hip  \'.a-i  reeled   1,\    llelirx    >peaker.    Si'.. 

.  liei\\ct-n  Attica  and  i  ;:ro!ine.     The  moti\'c 

aii'i  aii  e\;  !'.i  -leer  iii  a  1  read -wheel.     It  \\  as  aller- 

'  in-r  ini  i '  a  •_: r:  -!  mill,  u  it h  one  run  of  small  stone 


<>  I  c; 

In  1  v;»;  Kln-iif/iT  ami  <  if  n  ••„'!•  M.-ii-alf.  \\  ith  -..mi-  lu.-al  ai-i.  i-n-. -t.-.|  a  -t«-am 
sa\\  -mill  lii-:il  tilt-  piv-1-n!  -;!••  «\  'tin-  l!»-al'!«-i  iM  i-t  Illiil.  in  .  \tll<a.  In  tin- 
UK  I'M  1 1  "I  Man-li.  IM".  !hi-  mill  u  a-  •  !••-;  i . •  •.  •••  I  l-\  lin-  i-ntailni-  a  !HM\  \  !••-- 

nil    III  ill  I  till-   i  'U  Hi- 1  '-  .11 1' I    I  hi-   '  ulliniil!!:!  \  . 

.luhii  ami  1'if  h-l  :  k  V'  :  _'im  \>-i  \M  n-  Ihr  .n\u»-i-  •  >l  tin-  m\I  -t-am  -au 
mill  riv.'lfl  mi  this  -Hi  .  In  .-.in:,,-  ,,i  ;!m.-  a  -n-t  mil!  \\a- •  ..nif.  ;.-.!  th.-ir 
\\  it  h  |.\  t  in-ill,  air!  a!  !••!  a  t.-v,  .  nan -,•••-  MI  <  ••*  n«-i  -  \\  '•  H"\N  !;  i\  ••  ••  i:  «•%»••  Ili-n! 
lliMiriir_r  null  .  i\\  HI-I!  l'\  .1 .  I  I  '-.ilili-i  A  I  ii  • .-.  |-!a;  ' %.  :<>  •  ":i  !:  ;>!  ••  \  a  -Ii-aiu 
>a\\  mi!!  nii.l  al>.>  .1  u'ti>!  mill  \\>  i.-  l>ii'.!l  :i!  <  a'"l!n>-  I-'.  !'•-!•••  K  :niiainaii. 
l.nlli  ••!'  u  lii.-li  u  «-!'f  al'Ii'i  u  ai  -I-  -\\  f|-I  a\\  a\  l-\  liic. 

N  1 1 1  i  .  1 1!  I  v-'iT.  "iii-  m>  'i  in  n_'  in  !  h>-  \\  :ni«-i  .  a  |i- 1\  !i.tiii.-.i  I !|>li i  a:m  I  •  i»\  i-> 
\\  liilr  -la  i  n  I  iirj  :;i  I"  run!  •>!'  1 1 1«  •!».;!••!  \\  ai  IIIMH;  lii-.  !•••  t .  \\  a-  -  -a  !•!•••  I  !••  .|«-.it  d 
i.\  1 1  it-  liiirMiii::  nl  :!)<•  1-iiliT  "t  llii-  mill,  lit-  \\\>->\  a  It-u  .|a.-a!!.-!  tli. -;n  •  i 
ill-lit,  iiiit  ncsi-r  -II..I-.I-  ii.'in  Mi.-  IMIII-  In-  v\.i-^  Inn; 

At'tiTtln-  c..m|«if!  imi  nl  !lit-  xi-||..n|  li..ii-i-  an  in\  i!at!i'ii  ua--t-nl  l..t!,(- 
K.  \  .  Mr.  llulnn  >un.  a  Piv>l>\  I'Tian  mini-li-r  !:\:n^at  M«-:iu":«-.  u  d..  raim- 
..ii'l  iirt-ai-lifil  I"  lli<'  |'i-u|,i,-.  i;  l.i-iii^  tin-  lit-!  >i-!iiiun  .|i-!i\.-ii-i|  in  i!n-  t«-\\!i- 
-!ii|i.  A  tl'-r  llii-  hi-  -i-i  \  !'•'•-  \\»TI-  -i-.-un-il  t.  T  ,  .m-  \t-ai .  !i«-  pn-a<  liMi^r  i-\  «-r; 
1  liirtl  u  i-i'k  "i;  a  \\  t-i-U  iia> . 

I  n  !  li.-  -pi  MILT  u|  1  -:;."..  i  uiiimi  sai'Latlt  -rliu.,|  \\a-  «•!  _'.n.i  '•••  I  I  • .  I,'.--.  Mi. 
l'att\  .  an  aiii'lit  nf  llit1  A  nu-i  n-.u;  ^al'kith  ^rhu,,!  I  nimi .  aii«l  M  i .  Mastam 
\\  ,i-  <-|iu-i-n  -iij'fi  intt-iii  |i-iit  t"T  nl  if  >  i -ar.  I  ittt  In-  m>i\  iui:  a\\  ;i\  I  »•  !•.••«•  ;lii-  i-\- 
|iiratiuii  ut' that  timr.  .li'lin-un  l-'.'i'.l  ^ih-.-i-nli-il  him.  an. I  h:-  -••••.  n-t--  \\  I-H- 
i>  tail  if  I  in  '  hat  i-apafit  \  !'<T  t  u  i-ni  \  -ti\  ••  i-.m-i-i-iit  i\»-  \t-ai-.  \\  h-  ;  ••  i  f-'-m-.i 
.in  ai'i'uiint  .  >t  ili-t'fl  IN  '•  In  ai  iii'_r. 

\  1'iv-Oiv  I'-rian  i-hni  .'I)  \s  .1-  ur^.ini/'fl  in  t  )  !•  'I  n-i  .  1  •»;.'..  u  i!  h  i  h  ;i  '••t-n  IIH-III  - 
|,ri-.  l.\  IIt-\-.  I-!.  (  uiiL't'i  an- 1  K.  .1ii.l-.ui.  ..I  llun.li  I'M -!->!.  i\.  ami  .l.-im 
llulmt-  am!  •!.  I'-i'i  \MT«'  ..nlaiiif  I  .•!.!•  :-  iht-n  ,.|'. 

Tii.-  K|.i-.'..i.ai  M.-;li.t.|i-I-  i.r-aiti/f!  a  -ma!;  .-la--  in    I-.: 

Iji-li-h  l.iiihi-i  a:;-  1'ui'mi-.!  .1  i-l'iirrh.  an. I  in  1  -  I"  ••!  1-  11  \\  :th  •  h.-1;.  .-I  th«- 
i  . tiiiiii'iiiit  \  a!  lai'L'f.  fi''-.'t.'i!  !  In'  I'll ur.'h  in.\\  . .u  n--.l  l>\  thr  I  n:;.  .!  1'.:  ••;'!, !.-n. 
Thi-  li«'ii-"  t!if>  \M-n-  iin.iiil"  to  lini-h.  an-lthi-  '  :.-m.-m!.. 

rihli-  -!aii  lii'iir In--,  u  ii  linn;  liai-I\-.  \'.  hii-h.  I.  •;•  a  mini!  •••!  .•!  \  t-a*  -.  t  .1  n  .-in-.l 
tin-  -i;:im_'-. 

'1'iii-  -.  M 'it-t  \  .  t'ailiii1.'    I  u    |>a  s     t"!     t!  it-ii    I  •(; ;!. !  :n_'.  \\  «-ri-  >  -.!iii  «'..<•  i 
an.  I  tVariirj  i:   mi-hl  i.«-  <h  \    'If.  I  ',..  .-ihi  i  i;-.-- ami  tli mm  it.;t\  i-   •!•  -\-<  :  \.-.l 


,(  ,  .  HISTORY    OK    SK.NKCA    COl'NTY. 

\ill-.i".- nt' . \ttii-a  was  duly    incorporated,   and    on  the  <>th  day  of  April,  1S50, 

tin-  !ir-;  flri  t  ion  .-!'  fit)  oilicers  was  'held,  resulting  as  follows  : 
Ma\or     .Ii'lin  I..  l.aMcraii\. 
I  'l.-rk     ->amui-l  Millf r. 
(•..unriliiifii     vimuc 1  (  'rohaii'_rh.  I>a\id  K.    15uri,r.    IJen.jamin  Kelley.  John 

||,.,-klii:iii.  •'"!'"   Km-le. 

i;  ,  ,.  ,|  ,,]-]•;, In, -aii.in  Samuel  Miller.  M.  \\.  Molt/.  .John  Lay.  Kbene/.er 
Md, -all'.  '  M'lando  Mill-T.  -lanit-s  II.  l'.ri>eo. 

^.  • ),,.  fM -,]  r.unif  il  ii'fl  i'i:r  i  in  tin-  l.'.th  of  tin- same  month.  S.  K.  Martin 
\\a-appoiuted  marshal,  ami  William  Riuin.uvr  I  reasurer. 

Tim-  ua-  our  \  ilhi'-re  launched  forth  to  rank  amonu;  the  small  cities  of  our 

land. 

ln  ,|M.  \sinterof  1~>~>:',  'he  buildings  then  occupying  the  southeast  corner  of 
\|;UI,  ;mi|  Titlin  streets  wen-  eonsiimed  li>  tire.  William  Hinin.LTer  then 
I „,, ,.,),[  !(,,.  \.ieaiit  l"l  ami  ei'ected  thereon  his  present  storeroom. 

Tun  nr  three  \ears  later  a  conlla.Lrration  oeciirred  on  the  northwest  corner 
nt  -aid  >lreet>.  and  the  lai'u'e  I'rame  hole!  l.iiildin.ir  erected  then  by  William 
\Iill,. i  i-arl>  in  Auifa">  history,  and  then  owned  by  II.  M.  ( 'handler,  was 
s\M-pt  a\va\ .  ( 'handle'/  then  caused  to  be  erected  the  I  trick  block  we  see  here 
i(l.,|;l\  \ttica  has  been  visited  by  several  >maller  lives,  of  which  we  have 
not  time  to  -i'eak. 

In  tl:i-  \f.ir  I^'i'i  or  1^'iT  the  school  house  still  in  use  in  our  town  was  built. 
1 1 1(.  run  trad  ha\  iie^'  been  let  to  Le\  i  Kice.  for  which  he  received  si  .:;js.4'_'. 

'I'lie  t   ni\  f  i  -;ili^!  >ociet\  erei-ted  their  hoii>e  of  worship  in  the'year  IMH). 

\;  i  if  a  ha>  ii"t  bee  n  without  her  sensations,  prominent  aiuonu;  whii  h  are 
the  "ivat  fraudulent  failure^  of  Ili^ley.  Chandler.  Schnyler  and  others  in 
I ,.-,,,,,)  !^:,7.  and  tin-  di>co\ei-\  of  t  he  den  of  counterfeiters,  and  the  subse- 
(111,.,,t  cuiiviction  of  one  of  our  citi/ens  fovthe  cvitne. 

1'crhap-  i*  \\"idd  nut  be  out  •>!'  phu-e.  as  u  e  dra\\  our  history  to  a  close,  to 
,rj\,.  t!ii-  name-  «\  llin-e.  and  the  xeai's  in  uhich  they  served,  \\lio  have  had 
t ),,-  Imiinr  1"  >er\e  1  he  \  illa^e  a>  chief. 

.|,,li];  I..  |.:i\I.-rau\  sevveil  as  ma\<>r  in  l^u;  William  .Miller  in  }<•',]  ;  \Vm. 
l!iniir_r.-r  in  !ln-  \eaiN  l^-"i^.  I^:;.  l^-'il.  K"is.  IMHI.  and  \^>~>:  P.  Kinnaman  in 
1-,,  and  I-V>:  i!.  11.  Hi. 'duct  in  ]s:,r,.  1^,7.  part  of  l>»d  and  all  of  1^  ;  .(.  1{. 
| ;,,,.;,  MI •_'!:. i m  u  as  elected  in  1^'d  .  but  i-esj^uiim-.  l\.  1 1 .  lilodu'et  was  appointed 
tn  ijil  hi- phiff.  Tin- rei-onl  of  |Mi:5  and  |si;|  dues  not  show  who  served  as 
in,i\ii!  during  lho-e  \e;ir*..  \\'illiam  M.  Miller  \\as  elected  in  l^ini.  Ajiril  -d. 
and  !v-i'_'ned  M.i;.  I  I'h.  v  hen  II.  M.  Chandler  was  appointed  to  till  the  1111- 
,-\pii'-d  i'Tiu.  Chandler  \\as  electei!  in  lsi',7.  and  airain  in  IStiS.  ;m<l  (Invinjf 
•  ;;ii  ...:;  I'M  burdt-ii  "!  the  p;ircha--f  nf  the  town  hall  was  imposed 
;!n- pi-npli-.  II.  -I.  l-'ord  --er\ed  in  l^ti'.i;  .1.  ('.  Meyers  was  elected  in 
I-TII  t<i;  '  ••  ai'-.  .iii'l  !'i--clff ti-d  in  1V7_!  t'nr  the  sai.ie  time.  .1.  \\".  Simpson 
A  a.-  i- '.!••••,  «-d  in  1-71.  bu!  I'ailin-j  In -a  It  h  incapacitated  him  for  the  service,  and 

i\\  in1.,' w  inter.     (  )ur  pi-esent    honoi'able   mayor. 
.1 .  in-  -  I.    '  "  i-  a  pp"  in:  i-d  In  act  d  in  i  IIL:'  1  he  i  me  \pired  term. 

1  ;  •  '  bn\   ,i   -hurt    time  since  proclaimed  .James 

|.    <  .:!•'!    1-7'.  and   1-77. 

a'.i-   nid\    i"   add   the    n und per  of  public    buildings  in 
.!_•-.  and  !lif  population.  a>  m  ,irl\  as  it  can  be  ascertained 


VI- Mi  K     inWNSHU*.  631 

in  this  centennial  \ear  of  our  nation    ami    semi-ceiitenitial   of  our  t<>u  n-hip. 

In  the  township  we  have  t-i^lit  ehiirehe-  ami  thirteen  school  hou-i--.  ami 
a  population.  iiif!udim_f  Attica.  e-tima!ed  at  _'..".«»i. 

Attica.  \\  itliin  her  corporate  liniit-v   contain-,    thiec   chun  die-,  one  -ehool 

hon.-e.  three  ilr>   u I  store-,  \\\,<  hotel-.  l\\o  haidwaie  -'on--,  two  tin-h"p- 

J  u  o  di  uxr  More-,  i  \so  pi  n\  i-jon  -  ton--,  i  \\  o  tin  ml  un-  -  t  ore-,  on.- 1  al-im-t  -hop. 
two  undertakers,  one  clothing  -(or.-,  one  marble  -h»p  tu.>  harm--- -hop-. 
t\\ o  blark-mit h  ami  carriage  -hop-.  i\\,.  cat  ria-^*- pamt»-i -.  nui-  ^nn-mith. 
< iin-  lluurin'_r  mil! .  ^a^li  anil  Mni'l  !.i-t"'t'.  .  "-in-  t""iiip|i  \  am!  ma<  linn-  -hop. 
• 'in1  ^hiM-  1'ai-toj  \  .  i  u  M  In.,  it  ami  -ln-i-  >li«-p-.  I  hn-i-  inillim-!  \  -t«in  -.  »iif  plioto 
uraph  u'all'T>.  tun  i-onpi-r  -Ip-p--.  mil-  ^ri-t  nu'l.  "in-  a-ln-i  \  .  «uie  •  aiilitn^ 
inachiiH1.  "-m-  ri'iit'i-rt  imn-i  >  ai.«l  u •••  i-n-am  i«ii«ni,  tuo  l>:!!!.ml  am!  'It  inktiii.' 
>alinin-.  tin  <•••  \  illai:'1  L.M'«"-frir-'.  thu-f  ta',!»i  -hnp>.  mi'-  l:\i-rv  >talil«-.  oin- 
jc\\»-liA  >t«>re.  i nif  pi  int  i ni,r  i'H'n-1-.  urn  i- \pn--~.  oilii-r.  I  u..  HUM!  mat  k«  I-.  »n>- 
attiTiii-N  .  lour  prart  ii-inir  pli\-ii-iaii-,";n-  'l--n;  :>t .  i-ni-  hat  !>•  i  -hup.  nu-  <  >«l«l 
l-Ylluu  -  li  M|^.-.  mic  Ma-niiii-  !<H (•„'(•.  oi it-  ( •  r.inu'-  loil^c .  ,.nr  \\c <-k!\  m  u  -pap«-i . 

(  >ur  \  illa-_r|'  ha-  ini'i  v  a-nl  niatfriall\  in  pupulat  inn.  anil  !  In-  ntinilx-i  "I 
«h\f  l!im.!>  -im-f  tin-  rompli-t  imi  ot'  thf  I'.ali  iinni  ••  A.  <  >)U'i  laili-'.nl  ami  lh»- 
f-talili-him-iit  nf  a  >!at  i»n  ln-ariiiL'  the  naim-  "1  A  U  ira.  u  hii  1<  «< nil  n-il  on 
ihf  1>!  "i  .lanuar\  .  1-71. 

'l'hi>  ccntfiinial  \i-ar  liii'K  u-  in  tin-  in;>lM  n!  pi>'-pf;!',\  aiiil  hf.ilth\ 
Drouth.  \\  itli  a  In  iurlit  lui-im---  t'ulun-  ln-tm-f  u>.  ami  -nil  r"i -p.-iat*-  hnnt- 
f  xtt-mif ii.  ui\  :n_r  ample  room  !<>r  tho-e  u  ho  -I e- ire  to  pnri-ha-e  tunlilinu'  lot-, 
a  IP  I  Ineate  aniom_r  u-.  \\'e  u  ill  not  attempt  !<•  --ran  I  he  hit  me  \v  ith  piopliriie 
e\e  a  i  nl  ileciare  what  our  township  ami  \  illau'e  will  he  lit  't>  or  om-  humlie.l 
>ear^  he m-e.  lull  \\ema>  -al'el\  -a>  the  lii>tnrian  of  tlie  M-cmi'l  eenlfiiliial 
ot'  on  i'  nation'-  life  \\  ill  rerun!  a-  u'leat  change-  a-  an>  \\  e  ean  riironielc  \»- 
!o-ila>. 

We  m  u -t  m>t  o\  ei  look  the  part  our  au'e'l  im'ther>  took  in  tin-  \\  a  i  -  fare  of 
pioneer-  life.  Side  \>\  >iile  the\  >tooi|  u  it  h  hu-hamU.  emlm  inu'  'Linu'er.-  ainl 
pi'i\ations  like  heroes,  a>  the\  reall\  \\ei-e.  M.m\  of  them  !i-f;  home>  of 
comfort  am!  e\  en  lu\nr>  .  at  the  ea-t.  to  i'ol!o\\  the  foi  tune>  of  the  one  In 
\\hoin  the\  had  ^;\en  their  hear!  am!  ham!. 

All    !ll|ll-ei!    1o    the    -olitllile    of      the       Ue-telll       fo  I'l '  «•  I  >. .    alul     it-     at!"    ll'lailt    llal. 

urer-.  the\  faltered  not.  hut  putting  their  trn-t  in  tlie:r  fathei '-  ( ,o,|.  and 
leaning  on  the  -tron^'  aim  o|  their  liu-liand-.  the\  eann-.  and  \\  e  to-da\  lia\f 
rea.-on  to  tiie--  t tieir  I'oniin^. 

I  .et  US  !'e-]ieet  and  lo\  e  I  he  III  \v.  hi  le  t  he\  ! !  \  e  .  a  lid  U  t  ie  1 1  !  1  ie\  ale  ^'olle.  |na\ 
oil!'  I'ei -o!  lee  t  ion-  ot  !  he  III  I  ie  a-  -U  eel  ilieell-f  to  !  hell  llielllol  \  . 

\\'i!h  uiu  o\ei'ei|  head,  and  hated  hieath.  let  u-  a!\\a>-  -peak  the  -aeied 
name  of  ••  Mother." 

Am!  m>\v .  I'li'-mls  am!  fellou  eit i/eii-.  \\  liile  \M-    are    railed  up. -n  to  da\    t«« 

revieuthe     |>a-t      and      to     ei-Iihiale      the      \\md-     and   deed-  of   !ln.-e    \\  lio,    olir 

hundred  \ear-  a -40.  dei  la  red  u-  a  nation  *>\   \\>-<  men.  and  \\  !• 

),.    let    u-    I  e  I  m  '  I II  he  !    .1 !  -•  '    [hi— e    \\  !  i ,  .    ^.1%  ed      .-'I!    i  n'l 
It-     life.        *»,.me      \M  •     ha\e     laid      to     Ie-t.     .Uldthe'.I 


i.jj  HISTORY    OF    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

Ma\  ••  'in  li>\ >•  for  ( tod  ami  our  own  kindred  alone,  take  deeper  root  in  our 
Ill-arts,  t ! i,i ii  our  !"\  c  of  count r\  and  our  country's  tlair. 

i  IM  ; :  ;•   ;-;i  of  March,   i  .\s  i .  an  act  \\a-   passed   by  the  general  assem- 

(•'•.:. i   .'.-I'ln  >ri/in_;    the   establishment   of  a   grammar  school    in 

;  v\nii  li  |)i-ov'nteil    tor    the  levying  of   a    tax  for  that  purpose, 

ii  ;wcnt\   cents  <>n  the  Sioo  valuation  in  the  district. 
•  1'  iliiiiut-r.  whi>  ;hi-    ilay.    |nne    ist,    i.S.So.    is    ninety-two  years 
,  ir'.ap-    ;he    "Me-t     inhabitant    oi    thi-   township,    was   born 
:•,   H..;  thi    I'alalinate  of  Havana,  ami  came  l  >  this  country    in 

-'  i  ;.      He         he.iitlr.    .in.l    vigorous,    ami   can    walk    fifteen    or   twenty 
;  i\        111'     -.  lively  anil  «  'necrlMl.  and    has  .in    excellent  memorv. 
i!  :!;<•  comfort-  of  the  home   oi    his   >on.  Louis  Uollinger,  a  re- 

i :  c  :;:/c:i  ui  \'enice    1 1  )wn>hip. 


in   Urn—- elaer  county.  New  \  ork.  lime  <;th.  1790.      His  father 

iiic'1  \\lu-n  lie  wa-  but  .-ight  years  old:    hi->    lather    was    poor  and  had   a 

i.ir^ie  t.im-.ly.  a:id  <  .  >n-o  jueni  ly  the  most  of  the  children  had  to  be  bound 

\<::;i_   lolinson  was  one  of  them,  but  fortunately  he  found  a  good 

:ic.  wlicr       c  remained  until  lie  was  twenty-one  years  old.  getting  all 

>:,  while  he  was    yet     bound.      Alter    he    became    of  age   he 

:  hi- brother  on  a  !arm  t'hey  had  bought,    in  the  same  cotin- 

i-:^h:  year-,  svhen  he  -old  his  interest     in    the  farm  and  married. 

uiifd:.itel\    removed  to  \enice    town-hip.    Seneca    count}'.  Ohio, 

i-:iig    the     i".:'-:     -etller    in    the    townshij).        lie    entered    a    ijuarter 

tiun  i.i  land,  upon  a  par;  nt  whit  h  the  x'illage   ot    Attica  now  stands, 

•  me  'ii  the  i"ir-t  lo-  cabin-,    in     the  year   iSjS,    fifty- two    years 

.;_-.   •!.;.    I    !!,e.    I>Sj. 

iaml    and    lay    out  the  village  of  Attica. 

:; ••.  i.  :p.   '..-.  <  "me  irom      \ttica.     New  \  ork.      I-'or  several 

_  up  !n-  iann.  and    a-si-ting  in    building 

-•;-••;  rnp.ke.  which     wa-    iiein-'    buill    at    that 

•    inlir.  'ken  i"i  ire-t.       1  le    cleared  the 

i  he  lir-l  vs  heat  in   \\-nice 

•  •  r  - 1 ;  :]::-  t  o  w  n  -  h  i  |  > .       Hi-  w  i  f  e 

•  T'  )!:i  »\er    i  '\ert  i>  >n    and  e\  - 

ceil    ;H  i  ii.- Joined,    and    -he 

'.    l!,e    WMud-. 

.1  ml  ma rricd  again,  and  re- 

e  I  lie  li  ire-t    melt  a  wa\- 

'•>  be  i  iea  rei  1     IP  >m     ail  trace-    of 


VKNh   K     loWNsHlf.  0^  > 

the  old  monarchs    lti.it    tonneriy    stooil    thickly  over    the    t.i<  c   ot    the 
country,  the  [>rulc  of. ill  Amer:<  ,in>. 

T'Vclvc  years  a_;o  he   ^>M  In-.  t.irm  .m<l  retireii  rr^'u  .i<  V.  vc-  w->rk.  ami 
now  his  means  are  :n\cs:e>l  in  a  l.ir^'--  h.ir<lw.ue  s'.or-.-  .n     \"..<  .1.  in    'he 
linn  of  l-'onl  .u.<i  >;;-.t:i'l!fr.  .1  >.MI    .i:\ii    ^m  ::i  l.i\\.    !r..:n    \v!i.i  M  in-  •;<• 
nvi--;  !ii>  ->!i|>p'  >! '  .1'   |.ic-.'-:il. 

He  h.t>  .ilu'.u  -  lit- 

h.i-  alw.u  --  ln-i-i;  !<,;_;..  »;^'.\     ;IH  hno'..     ii.i\  1114    -in.  ••   I'r<--!>\- 

tcri.in^  :n  li!-   vo'itii.      I  or    ;-.\<-n'\    im-    \     c-    hi-   •••  i    L    xi:i':'.i'ri 

school  ii]    V  '  ;i   i.  '. !      :  i  -'    iii'l  '•  M   MI  i!i\    v  «•  ir  > 
ship,       II,-  i.iisol  !j  il.In- 

,i  son.      (  MH-  «i.iiuhti-r  \  :iu  .".  '  •: 

I'hc  -A  ik-  »'   |.i!iu->  U  .  llro\v:i  ;>  ;!.i 

\  o'iiii,'  !'>!'!  .mil    1'irown    .irr    [i.irii'.i- 

lolnis.m  l-'onl  is  wonilfr!ull\     ]-rrsrr-.  t-.i.    h.iv:n^    •  ••;•;!. 

i  ~>i<>.  which  at  juvscii!.     lui\     -'-•<!.     i  >  •>    .    :n  IK---  --.iis. 

oiu-  inoiuh  .ui'i  tliirlci-n  d.iys.  .in  i  Ir-  mi  !•:'•>:•':'.  j.r  <i  '.->r 

another  dei  .uie.       i  or  the  i.i^t   :--;i  \cir- 

liein^  able  at  |>re-ei>;  to  rei'l  n;;'-  \>i'.\i'     w:ti: •> •;•  ."..;    ! 

was  un.il)ie  to  ilo  !or  thirty  \e:irs. 

The  following  sk.-ti  lies  \\ere  ki'i 
of  C,,ile-e    Hill,    riMiti.    (  Muo: 

lll-l<>]-\    ail'l     lii'-IMllll'i-     .ire     prael  ie;i!!\    ll--lu!     "|il\ 

ili-Ljii-f.  ;is  lhi'\    in-p:ir    I  !n  '>••  \\  in  >    n-.i'l    tin-is     IM_'«  >      "    ;i-',':n-    :      :hc  i. <•!>!. • 
f\ainp!i-  !  hi'\   p'Tt r,i\ .  \s  lietlit-r   i!    I ii-  in  iiii-iil  il  'li^eipi i iit%u'j  ph 

linn.     llisii.|-\  -li.iulil  lie  !!•>!  iiiim'  Inn  iMitlitn!  i.n-: 

!i,-tj,in.       H'.M"t\     l-    tin-    tiutii    ••!     tin-     p.i-;.       l":'t!" 
in-itln-i- In  linn- i'!   |i!a--i-.     Tli"  "in-   i-   ln-iItliPi     aii.l    ::i\   _'••! 
\\  i-.ik  anil  il'-lia-in_r. 

'I'lic  ji.ij.-  \'.  ••  |n  .  -i-nl    hi-!--    -ha!!    !"•    hi-'   •:  \        \\  •     .     • 

l.-[|.-\l-    |l|i-|||ii!    .    nl      '      •    I'ii'-li-ll.    lilli      i"     !'i.l.,    .I'-'-'l-    .1!.' 


0^4  HISTORY    OF    SENECA    COUNTY. 

farm  he  owned  until  ls( '»•'!.  The  contract  between  the  parties  was  that  he 
should  chop  and  dear  one  hundred  acres  of  land,  and  for  this  service  he  was 
i,>  receise  the  full  and  free  title  for  the  one  hundred  acres  which  he  owned. 
All  in  the  \\orld  he  possessed  was  a  strong  body  and  a  willing  heart.  He 
e.ii  ned  hi-  !i\  iiiLT  h>  threshing  out  irrain  with  a  llail  by  the  light  of  a  lantern. 
1 1  i-  board  lull  ss  as  not  extravagant,  for  he  told  me  of  many  days  of  hard  toil 
uiih  nothiiiLr  to  eat  hut  hatter,  baked  upon  an  iron  griddle,  and  maple 

life  for  several  years,  he  received  the  title  for  his  land. 
-  cleared  and  a  log  house  upon  it.  He  then  returned  and 
,  \\lio  knew  nothiiigof  his  whereabouts  all  these  years  of 

to  their  lie\\    home  ill  the  West. 

A  fe\\  sears  of  -mh  -esere  toil  and  the  deepest  privation  and  he  has 
changed  hi-  forest  to  a  1'cautifiil  farm,  prodiicingabundance.  But  in  those 
l--\\  sear- death  has  s  i-ited  their  circle  and  taken  his  wife,  and  soon  after- 
lire  con-nine-  iii-  hoii-e  and  its  contents,  save  himself  and  children,  but 
x,  ion  upon  the  a-hes  of  that  house  is  built  a  better  one.  and  his  second  wife 
make-  cheerful  its  hearth.  Another  farm  is  added  tothe  lirst.  and  prosperity 
-mill--  on  es  er>  effort. 

About  the  \ear  l^-'.o  he  commenced  to  shake  with  the  palsy.  That  strong 
Irame  \\as  v,  reeked.  It  grew  weaker  and  still  less  able  to  battle  with  the 
realitie-it  had  known  so  well  in  life,  and  fell  to  its  last  resting  place  in 
buna  counts .  Michigan,  in  the  spring  of  IMM. 

In  politics  ms  subject  was  an  Abolitionist,  a  Republican  and  a  true  Union 
man  during  the  dark  days  of  the  rebellion. 

In  religion  he  svas  a  member  of  the  Baptist  church. 

The  hard  circumstances  through  which  he  had  past  made  him  a  clo.se 
dealer,  though  in  money,  sveitrhts  and  measures,  strictly  honest.  He  was 
naturally  noble,  kind-hearted  and  true. 

MArkici:    MOOKK 

Was  born  in  (lermantown,  Huntington  county,  Xesv  Jersey,  July  15. 
i7oX.  and  is  theretore  eighty-two  years  old.  He  was  raised  on  a  farm, 
and  when  twenty-five  year-  of  age,  he  svas  married  and  then  moved  to 
i!  irri-on  county,  Ohio,  where  he  located  near  the  county  line  of  Tus- 
<  .irawa-  in  is-v  Here  he  lived  three  years,  and  being  dissatisfied 
y  country,  lie  left  it  in  the  spring  of  1834,  and  packing  his 
into  a  covered  svagon.  he  arrived  in  Venice  township  with 
and  two  children  early  in  June,  the  same  year.  Here  he 
entered  a  (juarter  section  of  land  in  the  east  part' of  the 
ere  in-  pit<  hcd  his  tent.  On  the  191)1  of  June  he  moved 
.''.  and  on  the  following  night  a  heavy  thunderstorm  drove 
'he  i  lap  board-  and  the  open  -paces  betsveen  the  logs, 
•  !i  their  beds,  -polling  their  goods  and  making 
-and  lot-  of  New  Jersey.  On  the  next 
-  were  a  lake.  Intercourse  with  neighbors  was  com- 


VKM<  K.     loWN.-Hll'.  625 

pletely  cut  off,  and   there  were   HOIK-   nearer  than  three  mile-..      Ihirini; 
this  -anniner  one   ot    tlie   <  hiMren  died  <>l    billion-,  lever,  then  very  -  otn- 
mon  amon^    the    new    v.ellierv      They    raised    twelve    (hiMren.  ->:\  !>«ns 
and  si\  i^irls,  who.  together   with    _'rand  and  ^re.i!  _;raiid  t  hiMren.  irim 
ber    about    ^evenly    at    [-resent.      Anion.,    th  s    number  are    some  ••:    the 
most  valued  ot    the  i  iti/eiis    11!    the  towns!. ip  ai..l  their  interests  ;n  h'lsj 
ness  allairs  are    so    ni'ieh  interw  m  en  w;t!i  the  proxies,  .it  the  town-hip, 
tli.lt  ID  separate  t'neni  u«>w    troin   Vena  <•  town-liip,  \\»':M  }•<•  .1  „•  re.it  .iis«l 
-. e r i o u -^  !«)•>-,  to  the  <  <  < \ n 1 1 1  u  1 1 ; !  y . 

Mr.    Moore    and    h>    wile   are    ^;;11  in  the   eir,o\  men:    ol    ^u.iil  health, 
and  j)roii);^e  ia;r  ^o  remain  with  u>  tuan\    vear^  yi-l  to  <  onie. 

\Vlt   I  I  \\1    M'l'M  I   I' .  -M  >V 

Tlii-i  venerable  jiioiieer  (  ame  troni  the  h'.^hiand^  oj  >i  otl.uid,  where 
lie  wa>  liorn  at  \  'erne^^hire.  on  the  (>:h  da\  ot  1  •  r-l)f:i.ir\  .  ij'/i.  !!•• 
i>  a  de-<  endant  ot'  the  t.un'.i  \  ot  \N;ll:ain  \\aiiaie.\\lio  \\ere  ->o  jiiv'ix 
.  i-lrbrated  lor  their  love  ot  eonntr\  and  !;l.ei!\,  and  'or  :heii  !>ra\e:\ 
1  I  !•<  tainilv  liein_;  edu<  ated  |n  oj.le  at\d  ot  the  noli;!i!\.  \  o::n_;  U  ;!i..  ;u 
had  the  .id\'.int.i^e  ot  retmeinent  ;n  ed.iji  .HMD.  nioraU  atiii  r<  '.  ;!nii. 

Mr.    M'  1'luTMin    be<  ame  di->sati-ned    \\-.\\\    li..:ii  ,  o!nitr\   ar.d  ^o\er:. 
ment,   <!e-|>i->:iiL;    lam'iand'--    rule,    and    Item.:    oi    an  ad\  entu;  o'is  turn    o! 
mind,  at  the  .i_e    ot    twenty  three    year->.  he    tolloued  hi->    ,ni  im.itiop.s  ti- 
visit   Ameriia.       In  the    year    I.SHI.    : n    roiiijian\    w/h    a    \o-;tu  !r;end  o| 
a!)ou:   his  au'e,  they  set  >ail  and,  art  i\  e.l  a!    I  I  a'.: tax    on    the   i  i : h    > .[    •s.-;. 
teniber  ot' that   ve.ir.      l-'ind,!n^  :;..  siiit.ilil'.e   em;  /io\  men:  here,  rhe\   \\e:r. 


and  s'al'ted  tor  the  \\  e-'.  \\  .til  .1  \  ;eu  ••:  -].»•••;  a': 
,i:.»n>  i:  id  -.id  their  reservation-  and  the  new  j.-i 
market.  Mr.  N!.  Pher-on  an.ved  in  I'ltnn  in  '  > 
thead\:<e  ot  \!ie!  Raw>on  and  |osfj,h  liou.ud 
followed  'ip  Honey  (  reek  and  se!e«  ted  a  tia<  !  .< 
\\here  the  ( 'olunilnis  and  >andiisk\  turnpike  \\a- 
p'ii<  hased  it.  It  i  ont. lined  .S  j.i  .nie>  and  enilu 
la^e  o!  (  'aroiine. 

1'eaiin-  t!:e        ,-,  Is  ..i  mi.!-,,.. 

1 1 1 ,  ]  e  :  i ;  t !  i  e  r  ••  •  >  •  i '  h .  1  : :  <•  <  a !  i .  n .  : .  •  <  \\  •• :  i  ; .  \\  a  •• 
o!  Slewed  h  >_  ..  ;  n  t .  ti' led  !or  a  t  a\  e[  !l  ind  v\  l- 
to  A  n-1: :  ji.  I!  -i '  w  i>  o-  ,•  ~.  ,  MI'  \  .n  \" 

iilnioie.  lor    the       nro-e    o.    !i,.a:.i.:: 


HISTORY    <>r    SKNK.CA    COl'NTV. 

i, ike       After  tin1  turnpike   was   finished,  the  company  put  a  toll- 
;,-,int    oi'  Mi  Phersoii's  hotel  and   arranged    with   him    to  keep  it' 
until    the    litne    when    it  was    destroyed    by  a    mob    that 
tin    u'.ites  ail  ahum   the   road.     The  traffic  on  railroads  had 
nued   travel    on    the    public  roads   and    hotel   keeping   in  the 
bei  ominu  -low  business.  Mr.  M  ( •  Phcrson  removed   to  Caroline, 
i  a^.iin  v  n_  t-jcd  in  the  meri  antile  business.      Mere  he  practiced  that 
mi  ;  honcst\   and    c-orrectness    in    dealing  that    have  characteri/ed  his 
\vho;e  life       lie  bou-ht  tor  cash  and    sold  tor  ready  pay  only.      He  was 
sn  i  .ireful  in  -ivin^:  proper  measure  that    it  was  said  ot    him,  "he  would 
bite  a  j.ra'i!i  of  coffee  in  two  to  balance   the  scale."      He  never  changed 
the  price  of  his  -nods,  and  sold  them    as   they  were  marked,  often  hold- 
in-  them  until  they  were  out  of  tashion. 

His  old  tavern  is  still  standing  and  was  used  as  a  residence  in  1879, 
but  Mr.  I'll.  Schimp.  its  present  owner,  has  built  a  fine  residence  near 
to  it.  and  the  old  house  is  destined  to  go  into  decay.  It  is  now  used  as 
a  shop  and  tool  house.  It  should  be  preserved  as  the  first  house  built 
in  Venice  township,  being  erected  in  1828. 

After  he  kept  store  in  Caroline  eight  years,  he  sold  his  stock  of  goods 
and  mo\  ed  about  five  miles  further  south,  to  near  the  edge  of  Crawford 
<  ounty.  where  he  owned  large  tracts  ot  land  and  which  he  wished  to 
bung  into  market.  He  lived  here  eight  years  and  until  he  had  sold  all 
ins  land,  when  he  again  returned  to  Caroline  ami  took  his  old  store 
r<  >om. 

The  Seneca  County  Academy  was  then  in  a  prosperous  condition, 
and  the  children  ot  Mr  McPherson  being  ot  such  an  age  that  required 
attention  to  their  education,  he  moved  to  Republic  and  placed  them 
under  the  tuioi^hip  of  Professor  Aaron  Schuyler,  whose  name  has  be- 
i  nine  celebrated  among  educators  since. 

H--  resided  in   Republic  until  about  1X60,  when  he  again  returned   to 

•  had.  -built    for   himself  a    new  house.      Here  he  still 

and    will    stay   until  called    to  go  higher.      He  is 
or  a  man  of   >  •;    years,  his    mind  is  still  vigorous 
!    his    handsome    fortune  among  his  children,  re- 
relire  into  a  warm  corner  while  the  shades   of  even- 

•  piicrc  aroum  1. 

;;,'  k.  was  so  kind  as  to    furnish  the    author  with   the 
;    pertaining    to  \enice    township    in   rela- 
"  rebellion    and    masters    pertaining  to  the  general 


\  KM-  I      1<)\S  VsllII'.  6;- 

v  i:\xi:  TOWN  MI  1 1-  IN  Tin:  \\.\n. 

It  \va-  hail  p.tM  I'niir  tiVl.i.-K.  1'ihl.r.  in. Tiling.  \\n  il  U.  !•»•'.!.  \\h--i.  th»- 
lii>l  mar  of  i-antion  l>r»k.-  ih-  i|u:>-(  m  \\  ln.-li  oiu  n.iti->u  li.i-l  H-^t-  I  iu;i!i\ 
\ear-..  \\  '«•  ll.iil  ni  i"\  •  ••!  p>  a>-'-  ami  p|o,pr'-|t\  .in-l  \\I-M-  iiini-i-'!  [..  \\.il  :ili  I 
it-,  hr-l  -Miiinil  aroii>.',!  [In-  nr,:".'i  l:k--  .111  i-!i-rt!i>-  -sluii-k.  MMIII.'  in«  n  ii  it 
lln-ir  ijniri  In  'in ••-.  to  ji -in  It !••  rank-  •  <! '  u  .11  .  .111  I  «-\  <-r\  \\  .-i  (  h  .  i-n  i/i-n  >••>!»•  .1 
i-i>!iiiii"ii  >li,iii-  in  tli<-  --.t'-rilii-i->.  t<«:U  an  I  raii-^  !'i-'|iii!>-.l  \->  |>i«-«.i-r\  r  tin-  i!i- 
li-U!  it  \  i>!  tin-  I  iiimi. 

\'i-ni'-i-  \<>\\  ii^liip  In  i|-.-  |L,T  |..ii-t  in.iii!"!i!!> .  an>l  in  IT.  ••!'  h--r  -••n-  \M-I  ••  k !!!•••  I 
upon  l!i«-  l>.iUli-!i«-!il.  ilii-'l  "i  \\.nni-U  r.-.-i-i\  <  .1  in  tin-  di-t.- in •••••!'  tlu-n  «-.nintr. 
or  in  i  flu-!  pi  i»oii  prn^. 

Ami  tin-  \\oiui-n  «'!'  \'t-nii  i-  u.'i«-  a-  pa!!i«'ti«-  a>  tin-  np-n.  'l'h.-\  «.lait«-il 
:iiii  SMi-irtn->  for  tin- ivli.-t'  ,,t'  il.i-  •>!>  k  and  \\oiin-l.-il  soliln-j^.  ;in.l  I"..!  ih.it 
pin  -poxc  iur[  a!  tht-  llapUM  i-linn  h  ;n  Alt  i'-:i.  on  tin- «-\  filing  o|  ih.- J_M  of 
(  )r  ti  ihi-i  •,  I-M.I  .  u  I  in  i  tin-  oixrani/a!!oii  \v.i->  i-oinpl«-tfl.  ;i  i-on-,1  itut  i«»n  a>lopt«-'l. 
Mi>.  >aiali  ISioil^i-tt  .-If.  ti-.l  pr.->i  |,  nt.  Mi>.  I!!:/  iln-ih  llrouu  >••<  ivl.in  ami 
Mr-.  Mai\  I'n-nm-tt  treasurer. 

N'-arl\  c\ri'\  Ianii!\  in  UH-  <  onnnunil  \  i-^  nn-ntion^i!  in  lln-  >i-in-t.n\  '> 
report  as  haviiiLf  ciMitrilnitfil  sonu-thiiiL;  t"  tin-  >oriri\.  i  tr,-al  >pianti;;r-  of 
I'luthin^.  pnn  isidiis.  lu:>pilal  -.toi-f-,.  ri  -..  unr  >i-nl  foiuai''!  li'oin  ti;n»- t«> 
time  I"  aid  ami  rrlirvr.  The  la>l  nn-i-tin^  of  the  MM  n-t\  took  p!ai-«-  Ma\  4Jl'. 
ls>;7.  \vln-n  all  the  MIOHC\  \i-t  n-inainiiiu'  on  haml.  \sa~.  'lonat«-'l  l"  tin-  onlcr 
of  ( oio:|  T.-mplars. 

'1'hf  follou  iiiLT  is  an  incompli  l»-  li>;  of  (lit-  voluntrcr>  from  tlii>  to\vn>hip 
for  thi-  !  'nion  ann\ . 

Tin    i;i:i .  i  M  i.\  r  i  •.  v.  i. 

Sti-pli'-n  liii-c.  .Ii'^lina  ( 'ivuri"iii:h  u  ho  \\rrc  1'oth  kilh-<l  a!  >'vra-».hiiri;. 
Virginia  .  .laroh  Ilim-s.  LI.II  .loii'->.  Ira  driim->.  .l.i!iu->  ^tnith.  .1.  I  larl'au^h. 


Scrur'-a!it  .lohn  l'>ro\\n.  l-'rank  I5ai  tho].  inn-w  umimii-il  ^i-pl'-ml-i-i  I1'. 
1^'i '.  .  I, \  iii.ui  ( '.:r|i ••nt'-r.  A  nihrosi-  ( '.  ( 'ro\t"ii.  .lohn  ( iooilntaii.  It.  -I .  .lami- 
>,.n.  (,,.,,:-••  M.-I  -ah .  \\'i!li. mi  II.  MilN-r  u  ho  \\.-iv  al>"  \\  ,.iin'h-'l  ontln- 
saim-  '1  i\  .  llfiiis  !).  Cain.  T.  1'..  Carbon.  I'hiiip  r.n  •..;  h,-:  -.  \\  .  l>.-:tii.-h. 
.lohn  ll"'.nr->.  William  K'-ni]>.  M  u:i  !••  •  K'-nip.  ll'-nr1.  M-- 1  >••!!  i!-l.  .lain-  ^  I' 
^!.-\  rii-.in.  .li.iiaihan  <.  I'hiio.  ( ,coru'i-  Kin^!.-.  ^amu'-l  ^p.-ii--i-r.  .lo-M-ph 
\Vln-aIon  ami  (it-or^.-  II.  Kin-  uho  ssa-^  uohii'lfl  >i-pli-ml'«-ii  I.  !-"•!  . 


M.  K.  Todd.  V.  . I.  Miller.    John    1',. -mini-ton.  \\  .    II.    Miller.    J-hn    TO.!. I. 

Mark     Shade.  (ieo!4e    I'.enillll^Ion.    .leh'l     We.;\i-|.     ||.      I!.     «o lilt!. Jit.     h       M 

Miliei  .  .Jam-'-  <  'oiirtriu'hl . 

Vi  ill    i;  j  1. 1  M  l   N  l    ".    \  .   I. 

(  Mto  Hull.  1'iank  Sim-It/  and  Stephen  II..\\IamI. 
'.'.in    i:  i  ..  m  i  N  i  .  >.  v  .  i. 
Samuel  < 'io\ton.  A  n^ii-t  Tanner     uoiiiiMed    at  Kem.i  -.1  .•.   .Mo;^i:.i!i  .?u:n 


!''.  I-'.:1.,   l.al'avette   rarmenter  and    Henry   Ames  , wounded  at    I'eacli  Tree 
creek  and  dn-d  in  consequence  in  July.  IM;.V>. 

i  i  >MT  V  N  Y    1.   U::i>  UKCIMKN  T  ().   V.   I. 

\\  illiani  r.ai  ;h"lciiie\\  wounded  at  Farmville.  Virginia.  April  i>.  ls<  ;.">).  A. 
\\  .  ll.itinian.  J"-r;ih  Hoffman.  Svlvester  Ostmer.  Joseph  Spencer.  John 
ispriK  ei .  M.  r>.  Todd.  M.  W.  Mitchner  died  from  wounds.  September  H, 
i-i,l  .  \\ 'liliam  I'..  IIeiir>  died  from  \\oiinds  received  June  b~>.  lM>4.  at  Win- 
chr-ti-r.  Virginia.  J.  I..  IIenr>.  \V.  Sheelv.  Samuel  Carpenter.  Wright 
McKibheu.  John  Iliilis.  l>avid  Hiili-.  James  Hillis.  Wils.ui  W.  Kn.ulish,  L. 
t ,  il'-"ii.  I  -aac  I-'unk  kili"d  Jui\  1s.  l^ilJ.  Henry  |-]bersole  killed  June  lo. 
l-".;.at  \\  inche-;ei  \'irL.rinia  .  Jnhn  I-'ink.  Isaac  Sea\  ault.  John  W.  Rogers, 
Jnliu  1 1.  Shafirr.  I>a\id  Tlmmpson  wounded  June  l-"i.  IMI:!  ,  S.  S.  Carson. 
Ihmh  M.  Cory.  John  II .  Carpenter  and  J.  F.  Schiiyler.  lieutenant.  This 
ci.ni]i.iii>  \\a-<  di-chai'.LTed  at  Colunibiis.  ( )hio.  J  line  l-l.  Isii"). 

M. .-••-.  John.  Jeremiah.    I'eterand    i)avi<l   Cassiier   were  also  members  of 

tjiiio-  a  number  df  men  ser\  ed  under  Captain  W.  M.  Miller  in  the  ().  N.  ( i. 

Alison  and  I  Iarve\*I!artholoine\v.  !•".  M.  Seed.  F.  < 'row.  Joseph  Ilarbau.u'h. 
M:.  ^hadeaihl  \\  .  II.  (  >ld .-»  \\  ere  stationed  on  Johnson's  Island  Sandiisky 
I  la\  L.rua  ri  I  iii'_r  rebel  pri-t  iners. 

"amiiel  i!r..\\n.  J.  Foster.  John  lluddleson.  William  Milloii  killed  in  bat- 
tle .  Fivd.  Th"iiip-MU  and  Jnhn  Thomiisnn  served  in  regiments  whose  nnm- 
l-ei- are  imt  kiinuii.  Manv  men  I'roin  \'t-nice  al.-o  enlisttd  in  other  states. 

i  i  i:-r  <  NIK  i  in: A  v  \    A  i;  ni.i.KUY. 

Clark -nil  I'.et :  -.  .lame-  C>  >uri  ri-ht .  I  i .  Court  ri.^l  it .  S.  ( •  rov  c.  Isaac  Scppard. 
•ila-  McD..iiL'al.  Alex.  Mi- Kit  rick.  W.  Shoiip  and  James  I'an--born. 

In   N"«'\ciiilier.     1-7L     the     people    of     \'euice  sent   to  the    sufferers  bv   .u'rass- 
.iii    cash,   i-loihiiifi'   and    provisions.   >:;^7.7±  all  raised  in 

Mi-.  MI  'It  /  u  as  secret  a  rv  of  the  association. 
A   -i  milar  -i«ciet  \   ii,  the  io\\  n  <>i   Alt  ica    and 
'•>  lire  in  Chic;f_ro.  in  I  -71 .  -u7.">.!i!i. 


/ 


CHAP  IT  !-;  XI.  IV. 

COUNTY   OKK1CKKS    ID    i  •  •     AND   CONCLUSION 


.'I      -KM-:  i     \    .   ..I    N  I  \       \.  ,\\     IV   n|  I  M   11.    M    i    \     I  .    NX  I. 

I'n.i.at.-.luduf     .Jaenl.  I'.  |5mm. 

<  'N-i  k  <>!'  ( '.Mill  nl"  t  '<  MI  1 1  ii"!  i   I'l'-a-     .I'-i'.-nnali  K-  \. 

AiidU'T     Vietur  .!.  /  ihm. 

*»hrnlT        !.!"\  d     \        I.'  ,l-r. 

Ki-i-m  di-i      'I"h<ima-  .1 .  Kin:  /. 
l'r..-1-eut  im:  Att"i!i'-\      (i.  II.  KI-|.|»-!. 

Snr\e\"!      -vimm-l  N  i'_:!t-\\  and'T. 

Inlii'in.ii  >      I  tir.-i-t..i-->     (ifuix'i-     H.-al-ltT.      L.-U;>    <|tit!t-r    and     .("-.t-ph     K. 

Si  1 1  ir  i  in!t  IP  Ifii  1  "!'  tin-  I  nti'  mai  \      I  )ani<-!   ( . ,  1 1.-.  k. 
( 'unnicr     \\  il'.iam  ^milli. 

I '  'UN     \\  .     |:  \Kk.\t   K 

\\'a>l).)rn  I'll)    J>>.    'S.>S-    :;i    l->«'»!n 
hi-,  parent-  nmxed  to  tlh;.i    and    -e; 
t  oiiiit).       !!;•>    l.ither'-.    name    \\.i~    I 
\\a-   lane  1  Jiini.ip.      '1  he    lalherwa^    a    i  aijn 
|i>hn  \\  .    wa-    !>:.;    enmi.;h    l»    learn    a    trade. 
\\.irk  and  l»ei  ame    a  i  arpenter.       I  he  !am;i\ 
dm  ted  tiiat  ,il-'>  .it   the  -.ime    time.      J.ihn    \\ 
Shoemaker   «i\    tlie    17:!;   >>',     I'aie,    1^57        i 
uhuiii  --.x  are  l.\!!i.;.       \1 : .   I'.arr.n  k  w.i-  elet  • 
in    1^77  -iiid  i  e  e'n-i  led  ai    i  -  7.^. 

1    i '  I    ' !  I  \  II     !    !    '-. 


(  t  inn'  \,  '  >!r..  >.   i  m    t'r.e   t;i  ii   •  ;.i\      .:    i  '.  • 
wah  hi-  t  a  in  a  \    ai  Sene<  a  <  <>'.  in:\    ^»nii 
|  ere  mi  ah    \sa-,    married    to    \1      -    I  .e 
<  )(  to'hei .  i  -id-;.       I'ii;  -  uni.>n  \s  .1 


Mr.    l\c\    -erved    i'i    nearly   al!    the    office-    of    Seneca 
inbcr  of  \ear--,  and  \\  as   elected    <  !erk    ot    the  court    ot 
ii  <  ),  i  -her.  i  ^;;.  ami    re  elected    in    i,S;S.      Kvery  trust 
uiiK  \\.>-  filled  \\iih  piaiinptne-s  ami  fidelity. 


\^         ,,,,.,,    ,•  [].,.  \  an   Met'-r  -ei  lion,  in    lalcii  town-hip.  Seneca  count}', 

,,;     \;,i:!.    i  •>  i  ~ .      lli-    lather.    ()tho    !  .case,    came  from 

MaiV.md.       Hi-    mother'-   maiden    name  was  Belinda 

>'r,,-'        i  |i>\d     :\o!    v.  ith    hi-    father    on    the    larm    until  he  L;rew  up  to 

1!      •!•,•:.  kept  a  !:\er\    stable    in  Titlin    for    about    twelve 

v,.     ,    when  l.i    b'Hiuhl  t!ie  old,   Kv  m  |)or-evtarm  ot  350  acres,  in  Scipio 

t,  ,-,vn.  iiiii       Here    ]>.e    leinained    t  \\  o    year-,    when  In;   -old  hi-    farm  and 

-    mnved  i"  Tiffin    in    1*7(1        In    1^7^    he    was   elected    sheriff.      (  )n 

.  ...  |i;hda\   of  March,  iS;^,  he  was  married  to  Mi--  Maria  I.    Kridler. 

•  ••  ,,-  >  inrie!   Kridler       The\    have    but    one  child  living,  a  son, 

•   ,-.\   •;  •  a  \  oun.;  man. 

\1 :     |  ,-.,(•  ha-  a  pa--ionate    fondness    lor  harne-s   and   always    has  a 
II.    u-ed   to   deal    in  liorses.  and    in    '^7,v  when   he   took  a 
•  ,  B-o-toii.  lie  met  with    a.n  accident  at  a  collision  in  \\'est 
;i    id.   \l.i--ai  !.  :-e:t-.  that  <  ru-lud    hi-  lelt    ie^  a.ml   (rippled  him  for  life. 


\\  .,,  ;,nrn  in  TII! ford.  I !  'ir<  m  c<iunty.  <  )hio.  M  arch  7.  iS^;.  1  Ii>  parents, 
i.  M.  /aim;  am!  lli'nrirtta  I''..  Lan.u.  came  to  America  in  1X32  and  i.S^^ 
r,  .,i  ,.  •,  ;  i\  i  1\  .  n;d.  \\cre  married  in  Tillm  :n  May.  iS^o.  In  iS^S  they 
;,•;:  1'iilf.iril.  -:":P.»  to  Buffalo,  New  \'ork,  where  they  remained  until 
•/in-  vrar  i  ->.}'!.  whi-n  they  returned  to  Tittm. 

\".  tur  a'.iendfd  the  p-iblic  schooK  par:  ot  the  time,  alternately  assist- 

;-,  l.ithrr.  \\li«i  cn^a^cd  in    mercantile    pursuits.      At    the   a^re   of   i^ 

\  r.i;  -         rim-red  tlit-  .  /./.  T  ottii  e    in  '1'illin.  as  an  apprentice  to  the 

p:  .';•..;;_  liM-iiic->.  v,  hi<  h  bu-ine»  he  h  >lli  m  cd  with  success  until  the  fall 

. . :    i  ••  7 ;, 

I:,  i  i,  •.    i.-r.   i  ••  '•  i  .  he  v.  ;i-  ap]Miiiitcd    first    lieutenant    in    the    ^d    ()hio 

_:;  -il  to  d/ity    as   adjutant    <>'    the   <>ih  battalion    ot   said 

.inij.iii.:    am!    dni!;!!1.    w,;li     the     re^imeiil.  followed     it 

'•(  mber.    :.'XMJ.    wlien.   M\\-inL,r   to  re- 

p|  i    it  loll     held    1  iv     him    beiiiL; 

crvii  e    a.nd     ret  urn ed 


.-.mi!'  tlu-  |>ul>li*.hcr  "!'  the 
in  Tittui  l>\    !:>    t.ithr-r.  \\  h:< 
men:,  he  -ii-;irii'!e'l  .i!   the  c 
\\liiiie    t'.mc    .iihl    .I:'<M:'.:I  >ii    ! 


f,,,  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA  COUNTY. 

Is7n.  l^sn.  Loss..              (Jaiii. 

A. lain- 1-">;;7  1-ti->  7 

IM.u.m.                   I-1'1-  -•"<-  r'7u 


4<i 


Tt ip-"ii -."7"                 t-!'°"                     170 

Vt-iiii-.-   1.7-1                ±'J::i 

Tiilm      1'ir-i  U'anl "..-^"i                1  .::::<> 

Sc.-uiiil  War.i ±::7::                 l.^lN 

Tliir.!    War.i I.!«!i7 

Kniirlli  War.i LUIS 

1'illh  Wanl . .  1  .'i:;1.' 


isso. 
74(i 

(isi) 


L'()4 

l^S  li;<.| 

HI  71-1 

:;7")  lii;;; 


I'l'lM    I.  \  !  !<  i\     HI'    Tll'TlN.     I.S.SJ. 

'I'll.-  r.-\  i.-nl  iiur'.ii-fs  _';•-••  'i'iilin  a  p.'pnlatinn  ..f  7.^^:!.  as  fullows.  by  wards  : 
Kir.M    \\  .M.I.  .  1,;;;;,, 

Tliinl    \V;i!-.l..  i.«i«»7 

I-'itth  \\  an!.  .  i  (;•{.) 


ll  will  lit-  in'ticfil  that  Sriu-ca  cnii!it\  has  ma.!«-  tin-  liari-lsoim-  im-tva-M-  ,,( 
•  ;,r_ii  iluriirj  tht-  pa->t  <lr.-a.it-,  ..f  u  H.-li  »in  rit\  !•«  t->  hi-  •  tr.lit«-.l  u  ith  al'oii; 
thirt\  -M\  pi-r  rt-nt .  Th«' t»wn>  xfi  in  I"  lia\r  ma<!«-  Un-  MI«.»I  iraiii-  .ami.  ni 
fart,  all  <•!'  I h<-  iiirn-a-r.  <  >\«T  "in- -hall'  "I  tin-  ;»>j.u!aU"!i  «>f  tin-  r.Hi'its  i>  in 
thf  towiiN.  Flu-  jnipiilatii'11  "I  "in  i-,niiit\  -iiiri-  it  -  I'm  -iiiatioii  h.i^  U-«-n  a- 
t'"!l"\\>:  1^.".  ..li';  l-l".  I-'U-;  l^'i".  _'7I"I,  !•«<•,  .Hi, •*.«.;  |  >;..  .yi  sj; 


Tiilin      l-'ir-;   \\  ;ir«l 

H,.,-i,!iil  War.l 

Thii'l  Wanl.  . 
I-'.. iir!h    War.l    . 
Fit;  I,  War.!.  . 

I-    >.       |  ,,   1  ..-st.iri.i  >h.Mil.l  l)i-  . i< M.-.i     i  ; 
.,),[.,  .ui.l    ;;5     M  1  I.iii.  .  M  k  <  • '\n;',\       .J.MI    ; 

i  »i'i  i< '!:!:>  <>r  ^I.N  i:c  \  c<  u  \ 


i    i  'I    S  i   '!     .    I    I    Kh 

S'.-il  M.-«  .-a!t'.->   was  app.'Mi!.  .!  ni   1-JJ. 


".u 


TOKY  <>r  SKNF.CA  COTNTY. 


l.ntlicr  A.  il;ili  \\as  appointed  in  lv;|. 
< '.  T.  1  Mv-l'arh  \\as  appointed  in  lxl". 
I  Icin  \  l-'.l'l-.  ! !  \\;i->  appointed  in  |s}i;. 

I'liilip  vl"  ilir.an  u:i->  elected  iii   l>.~d.and  re-elected  in  Is.Yl. 
<  u-orje  S.  t  '1m -t  lij»  \\;is  rlertrd   in  \^~>1 .  and  re-elected  in  l.siid. 
\\  ill  i,  i  ii  i  M  .  i  •  :  Mine  \\  as  elected  in  IM;:;.  and  re-elected  in  1  si  it  I. 
.1. !<••'!>  (  .  Miilliiim-  u;i->  elected  in  Isr.v.  ami  re-elected  in  I.s7i!. 
.lenpiiali  II"\  \\  a-  elei  -led  iii  !->7-"i.  and  re-elected  in  1^7v 


1  >av  id  *»tni!  !i  u  a^  flfi-tcd  in  !  v_'l.  and  XTVCI!  !•>   rt'-clcct  ion  until    l.s.".ij. 
I  lav  id  I-!.  (  )\s  fii  \v.  a>  i -If  t  I'd  in  |X",L'.  and  i  r-clfrii-il  in  Ix'U. 
I  .i-\  i  1  >a\  i-  \\a-  elect fii  in  1  v;i,.  and  re-elei  led  in  ls.">s 

(,..|.    Keen   \\a>  elected   ill    I  ^  In.  ami    re-elected   in    1M± 

!•'.    \V.   lireeH    \\a>  i  Icrled    ill    1^11.  Mild    IV-e|eet"d    ill     ].s|li  ami    ISJS. 

IJic'hard  \V  illiam^  \\  :i>  rlcctt-il  in  l^-'iti. 

.Inlin  .1.   Sn-iner  \\a->  elected   ill    !>>.") J. 

.lalii'---  M.  >;c\ei!->  \\a>  elected  ill   \~~-~>\.  and  re-elected  in  ]s.">t;. 

I-).  (  ,      I  !.  .\\  e   \\  a->  elected    in    l^->. 

Uaac  Ka'_r\   \\as  i  leeled  in  !  ^'  H.  and  i-e-cleeted  in  IM'.L'. 

.luliii  !•'.  1 1 1  i'niaii  ua>  elected  in  l-^l.  and  re-elected  in  Ism;. 

Wal'.fi    !•'.  r.urn^  uas  elt-ctcd  in  I^HS. 

I  tl|->.    A  .    A  l!en   \\  a^  elected   ill    1^7<i. 

I  .e\  i  \>.  Kau>   \\  ,i--  elected  in  i  ^T'J.  a  nd   re-elected  in  1^7  I. 

X'iciiir  .1.  Xahin  \\a^  fleeted  in  1^7'i.  and  re-elected  in  ls~s. 


Milt"i!  Mc\c;d  \\a>  api-oiiited  in  l^L'l.  and  elected  in  Isji;. 

A'_rl'''en    ItiLTalialll    \\il-;  ele'-ted   ill    1^J7. 

.lacoli  i'lane  \\a^  elected  ill  ls:>.  ami  re-elected  in  I SL".I  and  Is:;]. 

.lolini. lin  \\  a-  elected  in  IV.."..  and  re-eiected  in  lM!.~>aml  1^)7. 

.ln^liiia  >i-ne\   was  elecjed  in   lv,;i.  ami  re-elected  in  1M1. 
liichard  \\"i'liain^  was  elected  in   )-,[:',.  and  re-elected  in  ]*l.~>. 
( ii-i.i  _;.•  K  niipi>  \\  a>  eleded  iii  1  v  |7.  and   re-elected  in  ]s}!i. 
(it-oru'i-  II.  1  leiiiinu'  \\  a>  elected  in    I  v~._'.  a  I  nl  re-elected  in  |s.",.|. 
'Pi'ini:!-  I  leniiii'j-  \\  a-  elected  in  KV..  and  re-elected  in  K-.S. 
Saiiniel  Il'-rin  \\as  e'ei  ted  in  i--i.ii.  and  re-elected  n:  IMIIJ. 
^ila-   \\'.  Slia\\    wa>  elected   in   ]vr,|. 

.lac..l,  M.  /.aliiii  v,  >.-»  elected  in  |st;ii.  and  re-elected  in  |stis. 
\\'i!!iam  l.an^  \\  a  -  elected  in  i*<7ii.  and  re-elei-ted  in  |s7L'. 
l-'raii'    -  \Va_rner  '.'.a-  elei-tcd  in   1-71.  ,md  re-e|eclei|  in  ]^*\. 
•  l"l:n   \\      1 5;n    .  •  K  v.a-  .-leded  ,n   1-7-.  and  re-elected  in   is7'.». 

!'•''  'in1  IH  vv   i  oMsMtution.  the   trcas- 

ti-riii    of    nllii  e    coni- 

•    I'l.^urcs,    there-lore,  show 

1  ••'!•  n<':     tlu-    year  really 

1x1 1".    n.trr.H  i-    wa>    re-elected  in  (  )cto- 


Kiii!..!|.!nix  1  >\>  I.MIX.M:  \\.ix  .ij.|i..nitf,|  MI  |x_'| 
.\1"-!  IIiux,,!,  u  .1-  a|'|">mv>l  in  l*j>, 
•-i.ln.-s  >iiiith  \\  ax  .i|>!">;nt--'i  in  Is:.;. 
Si-lah  (  !i.i].:n  u  ax  t-ii-rt«-.|  in  ]  x..  ,. 
.l.'lni  .1.  Mi-int-i-  uax  ••!. -.-I.-.!  n;  |x  :: 
.I.H-1   \\  .   \\  I'.x.'i,  wax  ri,-rt,-,|  n,  1*1,-    .u,.|  i.-  i- 1 
William   I. .in-  \'..t-  t-|. •.•!.•, I    MI   \-U.  ....,!  i,    . 
\\  .   I'.   \.  •!.',•  v\a-  .•':••. -I, -,i  MI   !-!>.  uti-l  i.    . 
\\     M.  J..IMIH..H  V.IN  ••|i-.-j.-,|  MI  K,l.  .,!..!  i,-  ,  : 

I..    A.    il    t!r\\.l-  .   Vrtr-l     Ml     !-.V,. 

II.  !..  i  ,  !!!V' 1 1  \\.i-~  .-I- •'•!••' I  in  KV7.  ;in.|  !.•  .-!.-. 
A  l.;iin!'iii.  \\;i>  i-!i-ct.-i!  in  l-,.].  ;m.|  i,-  ,-;.-,  ;, 
Jdiii  Mr(  'aiil.-i,  \\.t-  ••!«•. •{.•«!  in  !-•.',.  ;u,.|  ;.-  ,  ! 
i"i.i!;!v  l'...k.-r  \\.i-  i-!i-.-t.-il  in  I-.'-.  .HP!  ',•  .  ], 
I  1 1 -i  1 1  ;_'••  \\  .  I  l.t.  hinali  \\  a^  rln  •(•  i!  MI  \  •*!.'..  i  !,• 
t,.  I',.  Kfj-f!  \\  a-  «  !«•(  !«•'!  MI  1*77.  .in-! 


A'j!  fi-ii    I  H'_'l  a! sail:   Uax  clccli  >|   M:    !  -_'l .  ati'l 
Wiiiiain   i'ailt  i  x,,u  \> .  a-,  .•]•  -t-i.-i!  in   |xjx 
l).t\  "i  |;ix|,,i|,  \\a-  i-lr.-tfil  in  I-  ;it.  ;-i..i  :.•  , 
.!.>••!  -xl'iiii-  \\  a>  i-l«-clfil  MI   \-  -\    ai:'l  i-    <•]••>  \ 

I,.   ',  !     |\.  •!;>•!     'A  ax   cli-i-ti-ii    Mi    !x.;x     _,,,,)    i,.   ,.|.., 

I'i  lah  i'.  <  '"..ma. I  u.ix  i-li-.-ii-i|  in  lx(_'.  ;,|,,| 
Ivlt-n  I..MX.'  \\a-  »-]ci-t«-i|  in  l-|.,.  .n,,|  tv  , •;,• 
>{••]. hen  M.  i  >^<!'-n  v.  ax  i-!c.-l.-.|  HI  1-  •*'.  an- 
K.  i  .  U'.-IN  K.  N.  \\a>  .-l.-i-t.-.l  in  1-  -I. 

.l.-xx,.    \\   iM'j.'lx    \\.lx  i-l, -,•],. ,|    Ml    !-•>..   ail'!    H--r 

|.i-\  i  \\  in  i.-k  uax  ,•[, •.-!,-,!    MI  !-,n. 
K.lv.anl  Ct.il. I-  uax  ,-!.-.-t.-.|  in  I-c1.  aii-l  ;• 

1',-t.T    i'.    M>«Tx    uax  rl.Tlnl    Ml    \  -  • 

.L.tiii  \\  •  !  !••>  u.i-  .-!•  r!.',|  iii  |x7n.  ;,],, I  .,•  ,  ; 
(.i-,,!-,-  1).  A«-ki-i  uax  ,•!. •'•!.•'!  in  \-~\  ,u:,|  i 
I.!'.\.l  N.I.  -axr  \sax  fl.-rit-'l  MI  IxTx 


N  ca!   M<  «  .;:i;.  •>    uax  a|>|i. .:n 
Al.fl    I!  iu  x,-ii   uax  ,t|>|'"M;l. 

U'llii.Mn  II.  is- •-:•  :  v%.i-  '•:• 
II-, l...;;  i  .  \la; 
\\  :iii.i!n  l\  ;• 
A'.l..-::    i1.- 
.Iain.  -    I  .   Ma    ' 

\\    liil.MI,    |l'    \\ 

I'!, ,.;;...     .!     K!  .ii-i". 


6  }6  HISTORY    OK    SF.NKCA    COUNTY. 

COIN  TV    roMMI>HO.\KKS. 

)•"/•  Yf-ftr 

\",,,,,,  .  Kin-hit.     \am<>.  JHa-teil. 

Thonia-  !'•">' 1 1s:!  I     Da  Y  id  Mi  in  is lSf)0 

Meiijamin  Whitmore ls~l     Samuel   Saul Is."",] 

I),.,-t,ir  I)i!iin 's-l     < 'alvin  < 'lark ls.-,l.> 

Thorn, i-    l?o\d ls-">     DaYiil    Munis IS-V! 

Tiii)oth>  1'.   Uol.t-rts Hiv,     Isaac  Stilhvell lsr,i 

.lame-,  <  -onion Is.''!     . lames    Moyd l.s.Vj 

<'a-e   UroSMi \*-l     Knoch   'rniiulio Isoli 

.lame*  l.ordoii lsi>     Ilenn  Opt 1S.77 

Tiumtlis  I'.    Kolicrts I-_':i     Pmhcrt   M\ruc Isls 

Case   Mri'wn ls:;n     Michael   Mcanl ls.")!> 

Da\iil    rti-Mli'ii 's;;l      llcnryOpt IsiiO 

.Inlin  Kdlfi }^"<-     Huln-rt   Mvnic l.siil 

John  ('rum.  "in1  >rar l^i'i     1'di-r   lOlicrsnlc isiiii 

Man-ii-;  V.  (Ji-ali'.  two  years. ...   1^1::    Sauuirl  (in-lit- isu:; 

.Inliii  St-it/.  tlin-f  \t-ars Is.';:!     Tlnnuas   \\'.    \Vatsou lsc>4 

l.iircii/d  AliliDtt ls'!(     1'fli-r   I-;iit-rst)lc isii.', 

Mm  jam  in  \Vliitiiinn- l-^.'-")     Saimifl  (ii't-llt- ]S(ii; 

.loll n  St-it/ ls;!t;     I !.  M.  Kakt -straw l,S(i7 

Lmvn/o  Alil'utt ls-"'7     -I-    K.  Makers isiis 

.Inliu'l't-n-y ls:'.s    s.   M.  o^dcn isfi'.i 

Ainln-u  .Miiuiv ls;<>'-'     H-  M.  Hakcstraw ]s7d 

(ii-.tr^c  Stt)iit-r HI"     .1.  I-].  Ma.^-rs ]s71 

.Inhu  Tern Hll     S.   M.  O^lt-u ]s7L' 

.I.)M-pli    McCli-llaiitl 1st-     Knlicrt  McClt-llaiiii 1S7:-! 

Morris  I'.  Skiiiui-r 1-1'!    Si)lt)iuon  (J-junbee 1S74 

.lac'ili  Deck  IT 1s!  1     Nathaniel   ( i.  1 1  ay  ward ]S7.", 

.li.st-pli   McClt-llaiiil 1>1")     Uuht-it    McClelland 187(1 

Morris  1'.  Skinner lMn    Solomon  ( i  ami  ice 1.S77 

.laciih  Deckt-r H47     WilliamT.    Histe ]s7s 

Samuel  Saul 1MS     .James   II.    Fry 1X7<» 

Marne\  Xiiiiiiienuan IMli 

sruvicvous, 
Da\  id  Ki^doii  wa>  appointed  in  Hill,  rcappointeil   from  time  to  time  and 

sen  ed  until   1*01. 

.Jaini--  Durliiu  was  appointed  in  1>:;7. 
.Iona<  I  Iar>lil'aLfr  uas  elected  in  K'.it. 

'I'houia-i  IIeiniiiLr  \\a>  "letceil  in  HIJ.  and  re-i  lected  in  IMo. 
ScllU\|er  Wa>  elected   ill    \^\1.  and   re-elected   in   Is.'jll. 

^  ;ri»rvr<-  !  I»',t  -  «  a^  elect. -d  in  K",:?. 

(ieorL.'i-  1  li-nii.'iur  u  a>  elected  j;i  KMi.  and  re-elected  in  ls.",f>. 
DeimU  M;i!o\  was  elected  in  Hnj.  ami  re-elected  in  Is71. 
I'atrici.  I!.  K\au  svas  "lected    in  1-71.  and  re-elected  in  Is74. 
Saiuiiel  Ni^liMwamlcr  w;is  elected  in  1-77. 

I   <>!:<  i\  KK-. 

My  the  l;iws  ol'()!iio,  tlie  otlice  of  a   coroner  is  ii  sinecure,  and  the  officer 


OKKU'KRS 


V     OM'SIY. 


JM-rfonns  the  utlii-*-  <>f  ;i  slicnlT  »\<\\  \\li.-n  th.-  >h.-i  ilT  i|j«-«,.  ..t  i^  lmijs*-lf  m;ulr 
ilftViniant  in  a  >iiit.      At  tin-  i|.-;ith.  ii-iii<>\.il  «i    n->i^iiatn>u  »f  a  "li«  nfT    Ih.-n 
the  rurniHT  ilisrhaix'i-s  tin-  ilutu-s   .-i    tint    oili.-ri    an.  I    IM-,  ..UH-I    i!i«-nll   <s 
"l/(Vi".  a  tliiuu  tliat  nr\ri  i-aiin-  t"  |».i»  in  tln-%  «  i.untv. 

Chi  i-^'ph.T  M..IH-  u.ts  appMiiit.-.l  in   |sj|    .i,,,!  ,.!,.,!,.,!  lu  |s_->, 

\\  illiaiu  'l'«.ll  u.i>  i-I.-i-ti-i|  in  ls_>.  .m,l   i.-t-j.  •,[••.!  ,u  K.I.. 

dfLix'.-  Flai-K  \s.i-  .-Ir.-ti-il  M:  I  -.•:_'. 

\'.\\  \«>n'i»  \\  .i>  .-If.  tc.l  in  I  •».:  |. 

l.i-\  I   Ki-llt-r  ua>  r!fi-[c«|  in  |s.;i, 

Hi-nr>    Mr(  art!ii-\   \\a^  «-ii-rl«-.|  \\\  1-.-. 

Naiiifl    I'il'iun    \\;i-  rli-i-lr.l   MI     1  -  (n 

(Jf-.r^t-    ||.   >(i;i\\    \S.t>  i-!t  -rli  ,1    !li    JsJ'J.  .n,,|    i,-  -,-!,.,  t,.,l   M:    I-U 

Sallllli-l    I  I.  -I  I  II,    U.t-,  f|n  I.  -i  I    1:1    lxjr._    .m,|    ,,.  .,.[,.,  t,.,|    j,,|     ni.l!n     y.n  •,  Ml  -U'-- 


S\  l\  i  •>!»•!   I!.  (  '!ai  k  \\  a 
.laun->  \'an  I'li-t-t  u.i^ 


in  \^>  '<•'<,  .in.| 


l>a\i'l   Ui-'l"ii  u  a^  rlri-;.-,!  in   l-_' 
.li'lin  \\  i  i-lit  ua>  clt-.-li-d  in  |>:;| 
IJfiil'i-n  \\  il'iam^  \\a>  <•!'•'  l.-'l  in 
.Inliii  \\  «-l.!i  ua-  .-i.-rir.l  in  K;:,. 
.li.lin   \\      Ka-tnian  \\.odf.-ti-il  i 

H..IM-I;    II. .11.  >     U.I-  l-|i-.-l.-.|    ill    1-- 

^,inin«  I  •>.   M,n  !  in  u  a>  rlc.'Ii-.l  :n 
Mm  jam  in  <  'ai  p.-nit-r  ua-  fir.  ;.••! 


Till-.'  ..Hi. -IT-.    \\.-lv    I'll-,   ti'.l     I.;     1 
<lalf.|   Mi  tin-  rlia|.;.-l  -    .-I,    •'   M.-I..  ! 
I'll  trll-.-l    i-  tin-  .il:i\ 

\\  iltiain  *  '.n'tn-ll.  .l.p |ii<-    Iliiilni 

.  \  U  1 1  • '  •  1 1   I  n  ^  i  a  1 1 . 1 1 1 1 .   I  i « •  n  :  a  1 1 1 1  n   I ' : 


<>_}S  HISTORY    OK     SKNKCA     COUNTY. 

expiration  of   these    live   years,   the  land    was    put  upon    the    duplicate. 
T.o  do  this  correctly,  was  the  princi[>al  work  of  the  county  assessors. 

roxci.usn  >\. 

In  conformity  with  the  plan  I  had  laid  out  in  the  beginning  of  this 
work.  as  to  the  manner  and  order  ot  introducing  subjects,  where  to 
beuin  and  where  to  stop.  I  am  admonished  that  this  is  a  very  good 
place  to  close.  1  have  described  a  great  number  of  old  settlers  of 
Seneca  county,  and  I  am  tullv  aware  ot  the  fact  that  very  many  dis- 
tinguished  men  and  women  ot  the  old  pioneers  have  not  been  mentioned 
and  were  overlooked.  I  had  very  little  aid  in  that  line. 

Nearly  all  my  pen- pictures  ot  persons  are  from  my  best  recollec- 
tions. The  editors  of  the  newspapers  of  Tiffin  were  so  kind  as  to  call 
upon  the  people  of  Seneca  count}'  during  last  fall  and  winter  very 
frequently,  to  furnish  me  with  such  material  as  might  aid  in  this  enter- 
prise. A  few  have  responded  Others  saw  proper  to  ignore  the  call. 
It  would  have  been  a  very  easy  task  to  have  told  me  of  some  worthy 
ancestor,  who  drove  his  stake  in  these  Seneca  woods  for  a  home,  and 
where  he  came  from,  what  family  he  had,  who  his  neighbors  were, 
when  he  died  and  how  lie  had  lived. 

I  described  those  I  could  remember  If  others  have  not-  been 
noticed,  will  you  just  be  so  kind  as  to  blame  yourself?  My  purpose 
was  history  more  than  biography,  and  1  picked  out  such  characters  as 
connected  history  with  their  lives.  In  writing  of  these,  it  was  a  pleas- 
ure, and  like  living  again  with  friends  I  loved,  and  whose  memory  I  am 
still  left  to  cherish. 

Now.  dear  reader,  you  and  I  are  about  to  part.  If  the  perusal  of 
the  preceding  pages  lias  instructed,  amused  or  entertained  you,  it  is 
well.  If  I  have  failed  to  warm  up  in  vour  heart  a  feeling  of  love  or 
veneration  tor  your  worthy  ancestors,  who  selected  the  woods  of  Seneca 
county  to  build  homes  lor  themselves  and  their  children:  if  a  glance 
over  Seneca's  past  and  the  efforts  and  struggles  of  the  frontier  settler 
to  redeem  and  build  up  this  heaven-blessed  countrv.  will  not  wake  "p 
in  the  bo^om  of  the  living  generation,  the  love  and  gratitude  so  nobly 
earned  and  so  highly  due  your  ancestors,  1  shall  regret  that  I  have 
failed  in  my  minion,  and  will  hope  that  I  mav  never  find  it  out. 

i  ih  ;  'di.it  we  had  the  capacitv  to  comprehend  the  toils,  sufferings 
and  hardships,  the  deprivations  and  distresses  these  pioneers  of  the  new 
civili/ation  endured,  in  rescuing  this  land  from  the  grasp  of  the  British 
lion  and  his  savage  ally  through  two  bloody  wars;  could  we  but  recall 
the  manlv  -.trite,  the  fortitude,  the  p  uriotic  devotion  to  countrv  and 


COM  l.L'SluN.  6  $9 

cause  th;it  inspired  those  men  to  ;u  lions  and  decd>  of  noble  daring  and 
doing,  how  niiit  h  more  th.in  we  do,  would  we  revere  'heir  memories 
and  c.irry.  within  our  bo-,om>,  heart-,  more  ^ratetul  lor  .ill  we  enjoy. 

Let  me,  in  conclusion,  <piote   the-  lan^iu^e  oi    hr    <  .  (1    <  'oniy^e-,  01 
Ciiu  i  nn.U  i,  in  i  loMtii,'  .1  >hort  biography  ot   <  J over nor  Tittin. 

Scattered  hen-  ami  there  in  <>ur  j>riniiti\r  scitlt-iiifiit .  a  !>'\\  \«'iu-ralil»-  tin-it 
and  wmin'ii  air  I'munl.  tin-  rcinnant  -  «>t  a  ^'Inrio!!-.  r;n-i-  ami  an  li'-!<>i.-  n\i<-. 
Till'  \vilil  sulitiidc  nt' natiirr.  tin-  \\ilil  anmiaK  lln-\  hiint«-c|.  tin-  -as  aijf  lii'-n 
vvlui  «lispi!l»'<l  tln-ir  st-ttli'iiu'iits.  tin-  i-i>ui|iani"ii>  "I  thrir  i"\  >  ami  -Mirrou  >. 
art' all  ^unc.  ami  llir\  apprar  likf  ^Iran^i-r-.  ti'Mii  a  ili^lant  laml.  \\liat 
( )lii<»  is  ti)-da\  in  her  inajt-stii- >tr»'imtli:  what  an- IHT  ••xtt-nsiv*- ainl  v;irinus 
iMMit'Voli'iit  institutions;  \\liai  is  IH-I  ^npcrli  >\->ii-m  «.t  ciliicatiun:  \\hatis 
the  sulilinif  |>atriuti>in  that  raliifd  lu-r  M»HS  (..  tin-  iln.ul  i-onllii-t.  urr"win<r 
liriuhtt-r  ami  slronijiT  to  tin1  i-ml.  ^i\  in^  tli«-  icrt-at  naim->  thai  ^him-  !>rii;lit«'>t 
in  the  dark  splrinlor  of  uar:  what  slic  i.s  in  eonspirnuii>  >tati-^nian>hip. 
ami  in  tlii-  vast  ness  of  her  matt-rial  fi»rees  ami  tn<>ral  poun.  coine^  trmn  the 
nohle  rare  nf  pioneers  thus  jia^sini;  a\va>  . 

( 'rown  their  deeds  with  praise:  erown  their  ineim  r\  \\ith  i;rat  itmle;  let 
their  hanlihonil.  labors,  self-denials  and  deep  piety  excite  their  dex-einlants 
ami  those  who  oceup\  the  lields  of  their  eoin|iie>ts.  to  emulate  their  courage, 
their  toil  and  their  public  virtue. 

A  people,  to  be  truly  tree,  mn^t  be  both  virtuous  and  intelligent. 


APPENDIX 

NO.  I. 


THE   EARTHQUAKE     THE  GREAT  HURRICANE-  THE    JERKS-THE    MORMONS 
VAN  BURENITE  SALUTATORY     THE  OLD  STATE  HOUSE. 


O'VI  KHKNCF.S  of  irreat  importance  at  the  time,  but  seldom,  if  ever, 
incut  ioned  in  these  da\s.  are  recorded  here  for  several  reasons:  First 
df  ;ill.  in  add  lu  the  general  interest  of  tliis  enterprise,  and  secondly,  to  pre- 
serve. a>  much  as  possible,  records  of  <-vents  thai  at  one  time  or  other  at- 
tracted ihe  attention  of  the  entire  country,  and  defied  the  po\ver  of  science 
to  account  for  >ome  of  these  wonderful  manifestations. 

A  (plant  it  >  of  other  matter  is  added  here  for  the  convenience  of  the  student 
of  hi>tory.  and  for  ready  references  to  the  subject  embraced  :  some  of  these 
arc  statistical,  ami  others  are  historical  in  their  nature.  These  are  hoped 
will  prove  a  henelit  as  well  as  a  pleasure  to  the  reader,  though,  in  fact,  form- 
ing in  themselves  no  part  of  the  history  of  Seneca  county. 

PHYSICAL   AM)   MKXTAL   1'i  I  F.\<  )M  FX  A  . 
TIM;  <;I;KAT  K  AUTII  <,>r  A  KK. 

()nth(   l-"ith  da\  of  December.  1S11.  the  first  f^rcat  shock   of  an  earthquake 

occurred,  that  shook  the  whole  majestic  valley  of  the  Mississippi  to  the  cen- 
ter, and  made  the  Allet,fhen\  mountains  tremble  beneath  its  lii^anlic  throes. 
Its  convulsions  agitated  even  the  waves  of  the  Atlantic  ocean.  The  sub- 
terranean forces  which  produced  such  results  must  have  been  of  inconceiv- 
able mauMiil  ude. 

The  region  on  the  \\est  bank  of  the  Mississippi  and  in  the  southern  part 
of  the  state  of  Missouri  seems  to  have  been  the  center  of  the  most  violent 
shocks.  They  \\c\-i'  repeated  at  intervals  of  two  or  three  months.  These 
shocks,  in  their  terrible  upheaving  of  the  earth,  equal  any  phenomena  of 
the  kind  of  which  histors  Drives  any  record.  The  country  was  very  thinly 

setll'-d.  and  thele  Were  but  fe\\  educated  men  in  the  whole  region  wllOCOllld 
philosophical!'  note  the  iihenoinena  \\hich  were  \\  ilnessed.  Fortunately. 
nio>t  of  i  lie  houses  were  ver\  trail,  beiiin'  1'iiilt  of  lo.n's.  Such  slriictures 
\\oiild  >\\a\  loam!  fro  v.ilh  the  Mir.Lrinus  of  ;he  eai  th.  but  thev  were  not 

easii\  throu  n  do\\  i;.     Vast  tracts  of  land   were    precipitated  into  the  turbid, 


AIM'*  xmv  641 

foaming  current  of  the  Mississippi.  The  u'ia\e\anl  at  N»-\\  Madrid  was  .it 
one  swoop  torn  awa\.  ami  with  ;il!  itx  mouldering  dead.  >wept  down  the 
stream. 

Mo>t  of  the  hoiis»-s  in  N'ew  Madrid  were  dexti-o\ed.  |.ar.je  re^innx  ,,*  *oi - 
est.  mill's  in  extent.  -mldrnU  ^ink  out  .••'  -i^'li!.  \shil.-  tin-  \\atnx  ni-in-.l  MI 
I «>i  in i irj.  ii|>i-!i  Hie  x|,,,t .  aiimixl  laHn'inlexx  laki--.  <  Mhi-r  !ak'->  \M-IC  ill  allied. 
|ea\  iliu  oiil\  \.ixi  liaxinx  nl"  imiil.  where,  apparent!)  t"l  i-rlit  ill  !••-.  Hi  !  In- 
xoiitudex  nl'  thr  torexi.  tin-  wasex  liail  I"!!ed. 

Till1    U  ln>lr    W  iMernexx  of  ten  itor\    cMendim.:   tin I II   the    Illi 'Hi!  I   i 'I'  I  I  If    Mill". 

Hirer  h hc,|  niili"-.  to  tin-  -.1.   Fiam  i>.  \\a>  so    mus  nixed   a-  \»  create  lak*-> 

a ii' I  ixlamls.  ra\  in  ex  ami  mat  xhex.  w  hoxi-  miml'i-i  x  m-s  ei  ran  !'••  1  uil\   Kln>\\  n. 

Si  i||  1C  111  Hlr  rttri-i  >  |'l  i'i|l||-r.|  U  r|  ••  \  r|  V  illllii'lllt  t  I  •  ai  '•  '•  '  1 1  1 1 1  I  "I  .  l.alX'f  tllT> 
\Vrrr  sjillt  thnili^li  llir  In-all  nt  the  lullu'll  \\mni.  'I'll'-  tlVr-i  Urlr  |l|rli||l-«|  111 

•  •\cr\  iliri'i-iinii.  ami  wnr  li»I^ri|  in  r\ri-\  anirlr  lnuai'l-  Mir  rai  tli  »r  tin* 
linri/i'ii.  The  iiii<liilatinli>  nf  tin*  earth  i  oruitilnl  1  In-  -in  •_'••-  <'l  a  trinjie^t- 
ti'^^nl  Hi-can.  Hie  liilln\\~.  e\ri  i  nci  va>i  ir_'  in  mau'iiit  ihlr.  At  tin-  irreutest  ele- 
\atii ui  these  earth  liillu\\>  \\milil  lmr-<l  upen.  ami  uatn.>aml  ami  mal  uuiilil 
lie  ejected  a^  lii-h  a>  the  lultir-t  trei-N.  >niiir  n|  Hir  cha^iiM  thn>  crealeil 
u  ere  \  er\  ileep. 

\N  itle  ili>irict>  \\ere  ciAcinl  li\  a  ^ln>ucr  .•!"  ^niall  u  lute  >aml.  like  Hie 
irrmnnl  at'lei' a  >in>\\  >tnriii.  ThK  >]>reail  "I  iir-"lal  imi  i rinlri n|  Hie  re-jji  n 
ai'iHiml  i|iiite  nninlial'italilr  I'm'  a  l"iiur  time.  (Mliri  iniinrn-c  t  rart-  un  r 

lliH'ileil    \\  itll    \\ater  Iriilll   a    I'rU    inrhr>  l<i  a   t'rU    tret   ileep.        A->  tile   \\ater  x||l,- 

siiled  a  ruat  iiiLC  "I"  liarn-n  >aml  \\  a>  leit  liehiml. 

Imlrnl.  it  lllll^I  ha\r  lirrll  a  M'elie  ni  l|i.|lu!  ill  Hie^e  ileep  turc^I-,.  all'l  ill 
Hie  '_riin>lll  nl'  the  ilaikr^L  Ilij.ht.  ami  li\  U,l'il!l'_r  ill  the  \\at'-l  t-i  the  Illiilille  tn 

tl>  t'min  tliuse  eimciis>i»m,s.  \\  hieli  \\ere  n.Tiirnnur  c\n\  i'ru  Inmt^.  \\ith  a 
nni>e  ri|iiall>  Irrrilile  tn  lira>t^  ainl  1'iriU  ami  tn  man.  Thr  lur'l-  thems,-l\  ex 
In--;  all  |inu  r!  i'inl  ili^|ni-it  inn  In  ll>.  atnl  retreated  In  the  |HISUIII>  nl' lueli 

•their   IrlluU    --lltlelrl'N       in     thi^     ^rurral    eii|i\  llNiull.        A    Ir\\    |irl>i'l:>    «-alik     Ml 

Ihese  rlia>in->.  anil  s\  r  i  r  1 1]  i  >\  i  i  lent  ialh  r  \i  i  iralnl.  A  nnmlier  pel  i>hed  \\  !;i  • 
>.ink  u  it  h  their  1  ma!  ^  in  the  M  i->i>^i  \*\>\.  A  1  iiir^l  iii'_r '  •!  the  r.n  I  h  in^t  ln-|.  i\\ 
'.'he  \  illau'r  "t  N  '-u  Madrid  ai  rr-tni  Hir  nii-^ht)  M:»:-^ip|ii  in  :t-  mil!  -r.  and 
i  aiiM-d  a  rellnx  nl' its  \\at«-r>.  li\  uhirh.  in  a  lit'.le  lime,  a  irn-at  iiutul>er  n| 

iinats  \\  rlr  >urjit  l.\  thr  a  -i  'i  •  IP  1  !  1 1  IT  rllllrlit  Mu"  thr  m>  mi  h  •  •!  t  he  I  M  \  i  •!! . 
i -a  I  I  led  i  Ml!  and  let  t  il|>ii|i  llir  dl  >  eai  1  h  \S  hrli  t  lie  arelilniilat  illiT  U  atei's  «i|  the 
:  i\  n  had  aurain  drai nl  1  In-  i-iirrml . 

i'hc  ii.llnu  in-_r  i-  1 1  "in  ••  Tin-  ( •  n-at  \\  e-i .  '    ••  There  \\  en-  a  nnmliei  nt'si-vere 

-i.'ii-k>.    I 'I  It    llir    t  \\  i  i   sr|'ie>   n|    i-nlirll-»iiin-    U  r|  e   |  M  1  t  !  i    II  i .  1 1  !  \    le]  ;  jl  ile.    |  .11'   111'  '!f 

xii  ihan  thr  rrxi.      Thr  xhnrkx  \\rii-  draih     dixt  iirjui^hrd    MI!"   \\\»  i-!a--.r^ 

•  In  'xe  in  sv  hirh  1  hr  IIP  it  it  MI  \\  .1^  lii  iri  /•  intal .  ami  I  In  >•-••  in  \\  h  :•  I;  i!  \\  a--  pi-i  pen- 
dinilar.     Tlir  lat tei   \>  ere  at triidrd  \\  it  li  i-xpiiixiiiiix.  ami  ;  hi-  lei  riMe  mi \t  in  c 

•  •!  imixex  Hia I   prr.-edcd  and  arc. Unpanird  I  In-  rai  th.|!iaUr>  in  a  Imidrr  deirree. 
ii!|!    \\rrr|i\      m-     niralix     x,i    dexnla!  iliL.'     and     dextniil!\<      a-~     tin    I'ihrl.       Thr 
ili  Hlxe.x  rrillnlilrd.    i  hr   I  I  rrx     \\  ca\  rd      tnilelher.      H;r     _;  I "«  '  I  i !  I  d      >l!llk  .    \S  hllr  I   '.  •   ! 

air!  aiimi  \  i\  id  llaxhrx  nt    1  i-_rht  n;  IILT.    L'lrami  HL'    I  h:  mi^h    :  In    I  I'mil'lrd  di  'U-.'x 

i't    niuhl.   I'rlidi   1  rd    Ihr   dalklirxx   dnlll'h     In'MiM.   .        Al!''!    H;r   xe\eM-s|    xli.n   k- 
a   drlixr.   Mark     clmid     .if     \apn|      i  '\  e]  xhadi  i\\  n  I      the      land.     HlliiilL'h    \\hii   h    In. 

xl  i  ULTLjlin^  xiini  ii -a  ni  h  ii;nd  it  >  u  a\   I.  >  chrr  i   ;  he  hr.n  :  "l   man       Tl:.     -nlphin  • 
11 


642  HISTORY    (>!•     SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

ated  mises  that  were  discharged  durinir  the  shocks  tainted  the  air  with  their 
noxious  eilhivia.  and  so  impregnated  tin-  water  of  the  river  for  one  hundred 
and  !ift>  mile--  as  t««  render  it  unlit  for  use. 

In  tin*  intervals  of  tin-  earthquake  there  was  one  evening-  and  that  a 
lifillianl  and  cloudless  one.  in  which  tin-  \\vstern  sky  was  a  continued  t,rlare 
of  repeated  | u >a Is  of  siihti'iTaneaii  thunder,  seem  inn'  to  proceed,  as  t lie  Hashes 
diii.  from  belou  Ihc  hori/.on.  The  ni^lit.  which  was  so  conspicuous  for  snb- 
terranean  thunder,  was  tlie  same  period  in  which  the  fatal  earthquakes  at 
( 'araca>.  in  South  America,  occurred,  audit  is  supposed  that  these  Hashes 
and  tho-e  events  \\ere  part  of  tlie  same  scene. 

(  >ne  result  from  these  terrible  phenomena  was  very  obvious.  The  people 
in  this  region  had  been  noted  for  their  prolli^acy  and  impiety.  In  the  midst 
of  these  scenes  of  terror,  all.  Catholics  and  Protestants,  the  prayerful  and 
the  profane,  became  one  religion,  and  partook  of  one  feeling.  Two  hundred 
people,  speaking  Kie_rlish.  French  and  Spanish,  crowded  together,  their 
faces  pale,  the  mothers  embracing  their  children.  As  soon  as  the  omen 
which  preceded  the  earthquake  became  visible,  as  soon  as  the  air  became  a 
little  obscured,  as  soon  as  a  certain  mist  arose  from  the  east,  all  in  their  dif- 
ferent laii'4'iiaLres  and  forms,  but  all  deeply  in  earnest,  betook  themselves  to 
the  voice  of  prayer.  The  cattle,  much  terrified,  crowded  about  the  people, 
seeking  to  demand  protection  or  community  of  danger. 

The  general  impulse,  when  the  shocks  commenced,  was  to  run.  And  yet. 
when  they  were  at  the  severest  points  of  their  motion,  the  people  were 
thrown  upon  the  ground  at  almost  every  step.  A  French  gentleman  told 
me  that  in  escaping  from  his  house,  the  largest  in  the  village,  he  found  that 
he  had  left  an  infant  behind,  and  he  attempted  to  mount  up  the  raised 
piax./a  to  reco\er  the  child,  and  was  tin-own  down  a  do/en  times  in  succes- 
sion. The  venerable  lad\  in  whose  dwelling  we  lodged,  was  extricated  from 
the  ruins  of  her  house,  having  lost  even  th HILT  that  appertained  to  her  estab- 
lishment \\hich  could  lie  broken  or  destroyed.  The  people  at  the  Little' 
Prairie  who  suffered  most,  had  their  settlement,  which  consisted  of  a  hun- 
dred families,  and  which  was  located  in  a  rich  and  fertile  bottom. broken  up. 
When  1  passed  it  and  stopped  to  contemplate  the  traces  of  the  catastrophe., 
which  remained  after  se\  era  I  \ears.  the  crevices,  where  the  earth  had  hurst, 
were  siitlicieni !>  manifest,  and  the  whole  region  was  covered  with  sand  to 
the  di-ptli  uf  two  or  three  feet.  The  surface  was  red  with  oxydi/ed  pyrites 
of  iron,  and  the  sand.blo\\  s.  as  they  were  called,  were  abundant!)  mixed 
\\iththisUindof  earth  and  with  pieecs  of  pit  coal.  Hut  two  families  re- 
inaineil  nf  tlie  uh'ili  settlement.  The  object  seems  to  have  been  in  the  first 
aro\\snis  tif  alarm. to  escape  to  the  hills.  The  depth  of  water  that  soon 

. 

were  unlettered  backwoodsmen,  of  the 
nd  \et  it  is  remarkable  how  iiiLfeniously 

rom  apprehension  sharpened  1>\  fear, 
e  earl  1 1  were  iu  the  direction  from  soul  1 1- 

ail  extent    to   swallow   up  not  only   men. 

A  II   1   t  llese  «'ha  -I  Us  necl  I  ITed    f  reiplellt  ly  . 

e\  f  ••!!••  1  t  h  •  idles;  t  rees  at  riirht  angles 
elves  upon  the  felled  trees. 


their  rattle  anil  harvests,  both  then-  ami  at  New  Mailri«l .  principal!)  per- 
ished. 

The  people  no  longer  dared  to  dssell  miii'ii-i--.  They  pa--ed  th.i!  svinter 
and  tin-  -nee. -filing  one  in  bark  bo..th-  and  camp-,  like  tho-e  ••:  tin  Indian-*, 
of  -o  liirht  a  d-\t  itlc  a--  ii"I  !•>  e\pn-e  the  inhabitant  ••  "10  danu-  1  m  ca-e  oj 
tlu-ii  hehr_'  thr-'ssn  ilnun.  MI.  h  nnmbei-  »!  laden  ho.it-  \\en-  ssiecked 
abo\  e  t  he  M  i--i--ippi  and  the  lading  di  i  s  en  in;,  i  t  h«-  <  dd\  at  ! In-  nmutii  nf 
the  hasoii  at  the  \illa-_re.  ulii.-h  make-  ;ln-  haiboi.  that  I  In  •  j«i-i  ipii-  s\  <  re 
ampls  pio\  ided  ss  ith  p)M\i-iiMi-  .•!  esers  kind.  l-'l"in  .  i>c.-t .  p  >t  k.  l-amn, 
luitlrr.  eln-t--.r'.  ap|ilfS.  in  -li'-rt  I-MT\  i  iiinu  thai  i^raiii'-d  d"U  n  tin-  i  r.  t-r. 
wa>  in  --iirli  al 'iinda  i  PI-  a-<  M -a  reels  in  !•••  mailer-  <>!  sale.  Man--  ••!  tin-  I  mats 
that  i-ame  -al<-!\  intu  tlie  l«a\  mi  \\ere  di^jM.^.-d  ,,|  |.\  ;i,e  attn^lit--d  "\\  m-is 

I'm'  a  tl'ille.  !"1  the  -l|i'i'l\-  c.  in!  inih  -d  dai!\.  and  t  lie  nU  lie]  >  deemini;  tile 
eiilllltlA  lie!n\\  -Illlk.  \\e|'e  u'lilil  I"  I'ellll'll  1"  tile  li]'|"T  i-nUtltr\  a^  ia^i  a-  p«i-- 
sihle.  ill  el't'eet.  a  L'Teat  lnail\  i-laild-  \\ere  -illlk.  !ie\^  ulie-,  lal-eil.  and  tin- 
tied  uf  the  river  \el\  llilleli  ehall-4'ed  III  e\i-r\  v-peet. 

After  the  earth<jiial\e  had  innderaled  in  vinlmee.  tin-  eMiinti>  exhil'ited  a 
inelaiieliolv  aspect  «\  eha.-in-.  «\  -and  rn\  eiini^  the  earth,  nt  tree- thrown 
d»t\\  n  or  |\  in^  at  an  an^le  of  t'ort> -ti\e  decree-,  a  -pin  in  the  middle.  The 
Little  Prairie  settlement  \\a-  lirnken  up.  The  ( treat  Piairie  -et ;  lenient .  one 
ol'theino-t  iloiiri-hiiiLr  liel'ore.  I'll  tin-  ue-t  liankoi'the  M:^-i--ippi.  uas 
niiieh  dimini-heil.  Ne\\  Madrid  d\\  mdli  d  into  in-i^nilieanee  and  deea>  .  the 
people  t  ivml>liii'_r  iii  tlieir  mi-eralile  ho\el-  at  tin-  distant  and  melancholy 
rumhlinu'  »t'  the  ajipi -oai  hiim'  -hock-. 

The  iTeiiei  al  L.'H\  ei  ninent  |ia--ed  an  ac;  ailo\\inu  t  In-  inhabitant-  ot  the 
conntr;.  to  locate  the  -aiiie  ipiantil\  «\'  land  that  thes  pn^-r-^ed  here  in  aii\ 
part  of  the  territor\  \\heiv  the  land-  Were  not  \etco\eredli\  ali>  claim. 

Tliese  claims  pa--ed  into  the  hand-  ot'  -peculator-,  and  u en-  nc\  er  o|  aii\ 
.-iili-lant  ial  \alue  to  the  po--e— or.  \\'ln-n  I  re-ided  there,  ihi-  di-trict.  for- 
me rl\  -o  le\  el.  ri<-h  and  ln-aiit  i  t'nl.  had  tin-  nio-t  ni<  ianch.  ii\  ,<\  all  a-pect-  of 
deca\.  The  token- of  former  cult  i\  at  ion  and  haliitanc\  \\ere  n^u  nicini-n- 
t os  of  desolation  and  de-ert  ion.  I  .ai'u'e  and  tieaiit  it'll!  orchard-  \\  ere  !•-!"  un- 
inclo-ed.  liome-  \s  ere  de-ei  ted.  and  clee|i  i-|ia-m-  in  the  ear!  h  \\  ei  i-  oti\  ions 
at  I'lVMiient  intcr\  al-.  Such  \\  a-  the  tace  o|  tin-  coiintr> .  i  It  In  m^h  the  peo- 
ple had  foi-  sear-  become  -o  accii-tomed  1"  frei|iii  ni  and  -mall  -hock-,  sshn-h 
did  1 10  i  ---en  I  ial  i  n  j  ur\ .  t  hat  the  land-  \\  ere  _fi'ad  nail  s  n-in-j;  a^ra  in  in  s  aliie. 
and  Ness  Madiidua--l-issls  rehiiild  Mi'_r  \\  i;  li  !'i  ail  luiiidin^1-  adapted  to  tin- 

apprehi-n-ii  Ml-   o|    the    pei  iple." 

i  n  i     1. 1;  i    \  i    i 

Another  sers    ssouderful    phi-ui  MIUH.  >n  tiia! 
urrcat  eaithijiiake  i-  al.-o  \\.>rlh\   of  -pei'ial    re 

On  tin-  1-th    "I     Mas.     l-'J-'..    and    aflei    ipiil 
s>-tt  led  in  Seneca,  t  he ri-  occurred  OIK    oi  ;  he 
Iii --tors     '4i\e-    a  us     account.       !'     ha-    i;--1.!!!'. 
-i oi  ni."  |iecaii-e  ii  -.  urea  ie^t  -e\  erF-l  .    ss  a-  ••>  p 
commenced    I  iet  ss  eeii    "in-    and   t  ss  i  •   • 
counts,  upon  ;!n    nppci     ssa!er>    ,.]'    ;he    V<'j*< i 

-late.        I  I    -eetned    I"!   a    t  illli     I"    >SS  eep   t  I:,-    - 


644  HISTORY    OF    SKNKCA    COl'NTY. 

al.lc  fury.  It  then  apparently  rose  in  the  air,  rushing  along  above  the  tops 
of  the  highest  trees.  Soon  it  descended  with  increased  violence,  ami  tore  its 
destructive  way  through  Licking.  Knox  and  Coshocton  counties.  Its  gen- 
eral course  was  a  lillle  north  of  east. 

'I'lu-  ton-e  and  violence  of  the  wind,  which  accompanied  this  tempest,  have 
prohahU  never  Keen  equalled  in  a  norlhern  latitude.  (Jigantic  forests  were 
instant!)  uprooted,  and  eiioniious  trees  were  hurled  like  feathers  through 
the  air.  Some  \\ere  carried  seseral  miles.  There  was  no  strength  of  trunk 
or  mot  uhich  for  a  single  instant  could  withstand  the  assault.  Cows.  oxen, 
and  horses  \\ere  lifted  hodil\  from  the  ground  and  carried  to  the  distance  of 
one  or  t  \\  o  hundred  rods.  There  was  a  creek.  Hooded  with  recent  rains, 
over  \\  hich  the  tornado  passed.  The  gale  so  emptied  it  of  its  Hood  that  in  a 
feu  minutes  there  was  onh  a  small,  trickling  stream  to  he  seen  in  its  bed. 

There  had  heeii  so  much  rain  that  the  roads  were  very  muddy,  and  the 
fields  were  like  sponges  sat  urated  with  water.  The  tornado  seemed  to  dispel 
even  particle  of  moisture,  and  both  roads  and  fields  wire  left  dry  and  almost 
dtist\.  The  track  of  the  tornado  through  Licking  county  was  about  two- 
thirds  of  a  mile  in  breadth,  gradually  increasing  as  the  blast  advanced.  The 
air  was  so  tilled  with  trees,  buildings,  and  even  kind  of  debris,  whirled 
as  high  af  the  clouds,  that  the  spectacles  resembled  immense  birds  pressing 
along  in  hurried  (light. 

The  ven  ground  trembled  beneath  the  gigantic  tread  of  this  terrific  storm. 
Man\  persons  who  were  at  a  distance  of  more  than  a  mile  from  the  track  of 
the  tornado,  testified  that  they  distinctly  lelt  the  earth  to  vibrate  beneath 
their  feet.  Those  who  experienced  the  fury  of  the  tempest  state  that  the 
roar  of  the  wind,  the  darkened  sky.  the  trembling  of  the  earth,  the  crash  of 
falling  timbers,  and  the  air  tilled  witli  trees,  fragments  of  houses  and  cattle, 
presented  a  >pectade  a\\  fid  in  the  extreme. 

The  cloud  from  \\  hich  this  terrific  power  seemed  to  emerge,  was  black  as 
midnight.  It  \\as  thought  by  some  careful  observers  that  it  rushed  along  at 
the  rate  <if  about  a  mile  a  minute.  It  sometimes  seemed  to  sink  low  to  the 
ground,  and  again  to  rise  some  distance  above  the  surface.  Tremendous  as 
was  the  velocit\  of  the  storm,  sweeping  in  onecontinuouscoiirse.it  is  re- 
markable that  no  one  could  teM  from  the  fallen  timber  in  which  direction 
the  wind  had  blown,  for  the  trees  were  spread  in  every  way. 

T  lie  re  were  well  authenticated  incidents  which  seem  almost  incredible.  An 
iron  chain  about  four  feet  long,  and  of  the  si/.e  of  a  common  plow  chain, 
was  lifted  from  the  ground  and  hurled  through  the  air  with  almost  the  veloc- 
it>  of  a  shot  from  a  LIIMI.  for  the  distance  of  half  a  mile,  and  was  there  lodged 
in  the  topmost  bram-ln  ^  of  a  maple  tree.  A  large  ox  was  carried  eighty  rods 
and  uas  then  >o  buried  b<  heath  a  mass  of  I  a!  leu  trees  that  it  required  several 
houiV  chopping  in  extricate  the  animal,  which,  strange  to  say.  was  not  ma- 
I  -riall\  injured.  From  the  same  field  with  the  ox.  a  cow  was  carried  forty 
lod.-aiid  u:i>  iinlgi-d  in  the  thick  branch  of  a  tree.  The  tree  was  blown 
dou  n.  and  the  cov,  uas  killed.  An  ox  cart  uas  carried  through  the  air  forty 
i  o, !-,.  ;iud  u  a>  t  hen  da>hfd  in  t  he  ground  u  ith  such  violence  as  to  break  the 
axle  and  to  eniireh  demoli>h  one  of  the  wheels. 

<'o!one|  \\ii-lii  l,;id  a  hoiiM-  >trongl>  built  of  heav\  logs.  His  son  was 
standing  in  the  doorwa\  \\henthegale  struck  him.  and  hurled  him  across 


Al'Pt  \MX. 


645 


tin*  room  with  MH-II  \iolrtiiT  a-  [<•  kill  him  in-lantl\  .  Tin-  h."i-.-  \va-  t-irn 
In  pirrr.s.  A  i-it.it.  uhi'-h  \\a-  li.in^'iu^  up  HI  tin-  -am..-  li.iii-.i-.  u.i-  I'miml  -i\ 
im  tilth-  ,tlt"!  \\  .u  -.1  in  (  '.i-hii.-tuM  i-i  Hi  n  t>  .  im>]  ••  than  I'urt  \  tmli--  !  nun  tin-  d  I'- 
ll n'li-h--.  I  Inn  Mm.,'.  It  \\a-  tak.-n  l.a.-k  t"  »'..!,•,'  i<-!  Wright'.-..  and  u.i-  r!.-,irl\ 
i.  It-til  il'n-  I.  M  m>  h_'h!  art:--!.--  -u>  ii  ,i-  -him:!.--.  I  .....  k-  ami  pi.  ••-.--  ..t  t'uini- 
turr  u.-iv  raiTM-d  tu.-nu  an.  I  thiitv  mil.  -.  .\  ht;!.-  ^ni.  >arah  iJ.-Sli.  tu.-r.r 
\iMr-  "I  :i^'.-.  \s.i^  t.iki-n  I'IMIII  in-r  l.iili'-r  >  lini.^i-.  Hit  --.I  -••\i-r.i!  N-i-t  fruiu  llji- 
••arlli.  ;tn<!  i-.irrinl  iii»rf  than  .111  ciu'tith  nf  a  mi!,',  \\li.-n  s|n-  \\.i-,  ^i-ntl\  i|c- 
po»itfit  ii|»i!i  (In-  ^r.iiiiiil.  iinliariiii-il  a^  tin-  ^.\!«-  l«-It  IP-I  .  l-'-it  tu:iat.-l\  .  tin- 
t-ii  n.t'1"  (i  i>--  I  «\  ••'.  a  \\  i  !'!••!  •ii.-s->  i  .-^i.'ii  \  ••!  \  >  par.  •••!•.  s,-t;  !,-.!.  a  it-  1  I  HI:  thr.-»- 


p;1.--  111  -M-nn-  a  iiu-ntal  p!ii-ii.iin.-m>ii.  !  >!ad\  im-\pii.-ai.|.-  np..n  aii>  known 
prim-iplr-  .it'  int'-lli-rtual  phil't-.>i>h\  .  an  i  \>-l  l!i.>rmi:rhl\  attr-t«-i|  \>\  rmn- 
pi-ti-nt  u  i!  in---.--. 

Tin1  K'-v.  .l.i-.-ph  IJaduiT  \\a- tin-  lir-t  mi  — imian  mi  tin-  \\I--I-TII  n-.-i-n  <-. 
II  '  urradnai'-d  at  Yah-  .-nil.--,-  al'.'Ut  lln-  \t-ar  17--"..  and  ua-  lh«-  hiirhly 
i'-ti-i-nird  pa-t'tr  nt  'tip-  <  '"ii_:Tr:,ra'  imial  rhni'.-h  in  l'.lanl"id.  \Ia~-a.-hii-i-tt-. 
t'nr  t'.>iii't'-i-n  \.-.if-.  MI-  \\a-  a  man  .  >f  <  -nl.-i  pi :  -im_:  -pint  a-  s\i-ll  a-  I'm  nit 
picfN  .  and  Iti-.-ann- dcrpl\  ini.-r.--l.-d  in  tin-  ivl:_r:»H-  u  .-itar.-  i«t  th.-  I  ndians 
in  M'ti'thi'i'M  (>hi".  Aidi-d  l">  a  ni!--i>.nar>  -.n'irtv.  hi-  \i-iti-d  tin- rmiMtrx . 
ami  \va-  s.>  u»-!l  -ati-li.-d  that  a  i'n-ld  »!'  n-i-t'nlin---  \\a-  "p.-m-d  liri'mv  him 
tlii-ri-.  that  In-  irlnnird  t'.ir  hi-  l'amii\  and  l».ik  up  hi-  i>--i'li-n.  .  aim.n^'  ttic 
\\'\and>'!-  "I  1  pp.-r  Sandn-k\ .  .'Xt.'iidin^  hi-  lal-.u--  ;..  thi-  t  riln--  on  th.- 

1 1  i-  \\nrk  ammiir-t  Hit-  Indian-  and  tin-  -catti-ii'd  inliaLitaiit-  . >t'  the  n-- 
-'•i'\i-.  \sa-  \t-r\  ardiimi-.  I'll!  inl.-i'c-l  in_;'  and  \alnai>!i-.  II.-  \\a-  app-.inti-il 
|.\  i  i.i\  i-rnm'  M.'i'j-.  <  haplain  in  tin-  n»itht-ni  arni\a-\\ar  !••  "ki-  .  <\\\  u  ith 
|''.n^iaiid.  ll>-ua-in  l-'m  t  M--IL'-  during  tin-  im-iu.  M  'al.lr  -.  i_.-  .  >i  1  -1.:.  ;tml 
\\  a-  al't'-ru  ai  ••!-  all  a.-lu'd  t«t  in-nt-ral  IIan:-.m'-  .-.tniniand.  M;.  I'.ad^.i  had 
a  iiiurh  ri-piil  :ii  i.'ii  fur  -.nind  indiriiii'iit .  »-iifi^\  "1  i-harai  !>-r  and  -npi-rii.r 
int.-ili-rtnal  i-ndi'\\  ini-iil-.  1 1 .-  di>-d  ;  n  1  -  !•..  ai  :  m-  .!_'••  .  .1  .  \-^\t\  \  nun- 

tjuiti-  a  p'  t\\  i-rl'nl  rt-\  i\  al  <  if  I'l'li^i"!!    < •mmm 'n.-.-d    und.-i     h:-    pr»-a.  IHIILT  in 

thi-l»\\n-   "I'    A  ii-t  inlmi'^h  .    M"!_;an    and    1 1  ai  p'-i  -;i.  Id  .  \\  h.-:  <•.   at    thai    'inn- 

1  -n  ;  .  hi-  \\  a-  ,il!''i'nai'-!>   pf'-ai'liinu'.     Th>-  n-\  i  \  a!  \\  a-  at  1  < •!,•!>•.!  l.\  a  -t !  ati-jt- 

li.i  liU  a_'it  ill -all'-d  lli.-  ji-rk-.     \\  -•  urn  I  :n  "  'I'l:-'  1 1  :•>:•••  i.  a!  <  •..!!.-.•;  ,..n-  ,,f 

(  )hi.t  "  a  s  'T\   graphic  am  n  ml  "!'  tin-  -I  ran.1--  «"  >  'in  i  i-n.  •-. 

Ii   \va-  lain:  'iar!\   .-.illi-d  !•  :k-.  and  lln-  !.'-  n«-«-  ••;    :I-  ...  .  MI 

I'-n-'i-  \s  a  -  .1!  .1  -a.'iMiii'-ni  in   l-!a-l    I'.  -1111. •--••••.  idr>   1   ..f  l>n;h 

-.-\r-  u  t  -I.-  -  ;-•  d  \\iih  !hi-  -Iran-.-    ai.d    in\  •  !nn!  u  ;.    • ->!i!..!  ti.-n.     Thi-  -nh 

I  re  I     U  a-    ill -I    III'    lll'->'l!-!>    -i-i.'f'l    U  l!  Ii    -p  l-!ll-  -    ill  f.  >•'.  \    Ml-.!-    Ii-. 

m-i\  r  and  i'-n. i"'i.      1 1 1-  ln-ad  \\.i- ihn'W  M    L.i' i.  \\a:d    ai;d!!..m 

^id.-  t"  -id '•  u  ii  h  in.-,  im -i-i  \  a  Mr    i  apid  .1  '•  that  1  in- 

h -at  11  iv-  ••..aid  m  >  1 1 1'U  i-  In-  di-< -I- 1  m -d  i  han  I  h''  -p  'kr-  \  h'-«  i  <\in    in-  -I-I-M 

\\hni    iv\  "!'.  in-'    \\iih    tin-    ^ri-ai'--l    \i-!'«-it          N"    lua::  .  •".;.!  \ .  >!  nni.i!i!\  ar- 
.•oinpli-li  tin-  m.'\  rim-nt.     lin-ai    I'r.tr-    \\nr    ..Mm    a\sak.i,.-d    1.--I  thr  n<  ,  K 


f,_j0  HISTORY    ol      SKNl-'.CA    COUNTY. 

Tin-  \\hole  l""ly  wa->  often  similarly  affect"d.  and  Hit-  individual  was 
driven.  not\\  ith-landiirj;  all  his  efforts  to  prevent  it.  in  the  ehnreli  over  pews 
and  bcitc.  -.  air!  in  the  open  air  over  stones  and  the  trunks  of  fallen  trees. 
,,,,  tlml  hi-,  eseape  from  bruised  and  mangled  limbs  seemed  almost  miracu- 
lous. It  wa>  of  no  avail  to  attempt  to  hold  or  restrain  one  t  hus  atl'ected. 
Tin-  pan>\v  >m  continued  iiniil  it  ui'adualh  exhausted  itself.  Moreover,  all 
u.-re  iinpr-  -xxed  \\itlitheconvictiontliat  there  was  something  supernatural 
ji,  lh,  >e  com  nlsion>  and  thai  it  uas  opposing the  spirit  of  <  iod  to  attempt, 

1,\    \  iolence   to   !'  'Sisi    til     ill. 

Th-se  spasmodic  convulsions  commenced  with  a  simple  je.rkin.ii"  ol'  the 
fore-arm,  from  the  ellio\\  to  the  hand,  violent,  and  as  unu'overned  h\  the 
\\illa-\\h.i;  i<  called  the  shaking  palsy  would  he.  The  jerks  were  very  snd- 
,(,.,,  |,,Uo\\  inur  eaeh  other  at  -Imrl  intervals.  <  .radually  and  resistlessly 
lhe\  extended  thi'oii^h  the  amis  to  tiie  inns, -Irs  of  the  neck,  the  le^s  and  all 
other  parts  of  the  hod\ .  The  coin  nlsioiis  of  the  neck  were  the  more  fright- 
ful in  behold.  The  liosom  heaved,  the  features  were  greatly  distorted  and 
xi >  \ioli-nt  \\ei-e  the  spasm.-'  lhat  it  seemed  ini|iossihle  hut  that  the  neck  must 
!„.  l.riikt-n.  When  the  hair  was  lonir.  as  was  frequently  the  case  with  these 
backwoodsmen,  it  wa>  ofit-n  thrown  liackwaril  and  I'oruard  \\ithsiich\-elo- 
,.HN  ii,a;  i;  \\onld  actnalh  >nap  like  a  whii>-lasli.  \\"e  are  not  informed 
\\ln-ther  the  victim  suffered  pain  under  these  circumstances  or  not. 

\  n  eve-witness  tjives  t  he  following  L^'ajihie  description  of  the  inex pin-able 
Mlteiioiin-na:  "  N'othilitl  in  nature  could  better  represent  this  strange  and 
ni 'account able  opera!  ion  than  I'or  me  to  ufoad  another  alte|-natel\  on  one  side 
with  a  piece  of  red  hot  iron.  The  exercise  commonl\  be^an  in  the  head, 
which  \\  ould  i!\  backward  and  forward  and  from  side  to  side  with  a  quick 
jolt,  u'nich  the  pt-r.-on  would,  naturally  labor  to  siipjtress.  but  in  vain:  and 
the  iin'iv  any  one  labored  to  sta\  himself  and  be  sober,  the  more  he  sta.u- 
ir,.)-t.il  ami  the  more  liis  t\\  itelies  increased.  He  must  necessarily  .u'o  as  he 
wa>  inclined,  whether  with  a  violent  dash  on  the  ground  and  bounce  from 
place  to  place  like  a  foot-ball,  or  hop  around  with  head,  limbs  and  trunk 
twitching  and  .ioltiim'  in  even  direction,  as  if  they  must  inevitably  lly  asun- 
,1,.|-.  Am!  hou  >uch  could  eseajie  without  injury,  was  no  small  wonder 
arnon---!  spectators. 

••  |'.\  these  strange  operations  the  human  frame  \\ascommonlyso  trans- 
funni-d  and  di^fmurcd  as  to  lose  every  trace  of  its  natural  appearance. 
Siinietiine>  the  head  would  be  tuitched  ri.^ht  and  left  to  a  half  round,  with 
such  velocit>  that  no  ft  ature  could  be  disco\ cred.  but  the  face  appeared  as 
niiich  behind  a>  before:  and  in  the  quick,  prom'essive  jerk,  it  would  seem 
;ix  i:  th'1  pi •!'-•' »n  \\  a>  l  ran sn lilted  into  >ome  ot  her  species  of  c real  lire. 

••  |  |t -ad  . !!•.•-->•-.  \\i-n-  of  little  account  ainon^  the  feinah1  jerkers.  I-lven 
liimdk'-ivliiefx. bound  ii'_rht  round  the  head,  would  be  ilirled  off  almost  with 
the  I'T-I  t  \s  ii'-h.  and  llie  hair  pui  into  the  inmost  confusion.  This  was  a 
\,-r\  lo  redre»  \\hich.  lie  genera  lit  \  \\ere  shorn. 

th.oii-_'h  '•"'  Ifir  conft—-iiins  of  faith,  ^m-h  a--  v,  ere  s'-i/.ed  \vitli 

jerk-.     \el<      V.  ,i    ^ie.i    a!    'i|;ei-.    Hoi     o||l\      fr»|il     their    o\\  |i     L:'O\  el'll  IIICII  t  .   lillt    that 
i  if  e\  e]  \    on  i     i    :  >  '  li.    ;      ;'    ',        •-     dal'Lfi    I'o  U  >     to     at  1  ell  J  pi      ei  i|  I  li  !l  i  II  U'     1  hell  I     Ol1 

t,.nchinur  lt"-n,  ii  r.  io  v.  haie\  er  danger  1  he\  \\<  re  exposed.     Vet 

te\\    \\  e]  e   hlirl  .   '      '      p!    :!    '>'•  '  1  '     -lli'll   a--   rei  lelled   a^aill-'i    the  ope  rat  ion  thl'oU.U'h 


Al-l'KMMX.  647 

\\  ilt'uj  and  ilflibriaU-  i-iimitv .  ainl  iettiM-.l  [»  romph  \\ith  tin-  injunctions 
which  it  came  t»  enforce. 

•' All  who  witnrssnl   tliis    imaccoimtal»lt-   n»«'\  ciin-nt .  ai/ive   in  the  i|«-clar.l- 

tioll  that  the  com  l[]>|oii-~  Uele  !i.>;  onh  ill\ollintar\  .  I'll!  re«ij.,l!e-».  Stollt. 
lilirh  .  \\  icke.l  lin-ll.  S\  ulllil  collie  to  tin-  Ilieel  inu'>  lo  •-.••Hi!  ;m>l  to|e\i|e. 

^miili-nh  tin1  pai»\\Mii>  \\u\ilil  M-i/e  tin-in,  aipl  th'->  \\oiiM  !.»•  \\  hiileil  ;ilMint 
ami  tn>xei|  in  e\er\  ilitvi  t  inn.  lhou_'h  i-ui^i!i-4  ai  e\er\  jej  k .  Tnn  eler>  pass- 
inu'  ii\ .  .uni  uli».  I'I-OMI  i-urio-  i '. .  'n'cik.-.l  in  npmi  tin-  i.-liu'!"U->  nin-tiiiir^. 
\\oiilil  In-  tlni->  ^ci/f«l.  Thf-i-  !'..<,  an-  apparnith  ;i-  \M-|!  nilln-nl  !•  atf<!  a> 
an\  l'ai-t>  i-an  In- I'min  hiiinan  ti-->!i[ii"'i\ .  'l'!n-n-  U  no  phii. .-MJ, ):\  v,  lii.-li  can 
explain  tin-in.  Tin-  lait  lil'nl  lii-iori..:  -an  i-nl>  U'JM-  lln'in  n-i-ord,  am!  lcav«- 
tin-in  IhtTf."  '  Al'l'ott'>  <  >hio.  «,<:. 


A  -Ip'M  Ji:>tor\  of  tin-  Mormon-  !•>  ail-li-<l  !••  tin---.-  pa  1:1--  IHT--:  imt  ln-caii-c 
>riiri-a  n  iiinl  \  lia^  in  an\  \\  i>i-  ln-i-n  o  inni-rti-il  \\  M  !i  1 1:>  in .  l>ut  ln-<  an^i-  a  <li>- 
t  inuriii>hi-il  i-liarartt-r.  N\  In  >  \\  a>  IHHT  ii|i-nt  il'n-i!  \\  it  It  tin-  «;•  In  .  u  a^  t'or  ^i-\  t-ral 
\  <-ar>  a  n-^pi-rlnl  i-iti/i-n  of  'I'iilin.  A  man.  al>o.  \\  li»  no\s  Imi.U  a  hiu'li  po-*j- 
tioii  ainoir_'  tin-  Mni  nil  HI--  at  S.ili  Lake  (  i!  \  .  i--  a  nat  i\  i-  nt  '1'illin. 

Moriiioiii-in  i>  alioiii  to  umii  pjo  a  LMI  ai  i-hanui-.  I'nl'lii-  >«-nt  inn-lit  is 
op|io-r.l  to  it.  Tin-  MO]  n  ion-  lia\  ••  lint  ll.i-  alli-rnat  i\i-.  \  i/:  i-ii  la-i  •  !••  alian- 
iloii  po!\  uanr. .  or  n-iiio\'<-  ln-\oini  tin-  U>uii>iai  it--  oi'  i  In-  I  nil.  ••!  ^'ati->.  a-- 
tln-\  .liil  oir  !•  iicloii-.  \\~liiir.  llirri'lon-.  !ln-  >••«•!  i •-  in  ill1-  1  ran-iiorx  « miili- 
tinn.  a  -k»-t''h  ot'  tln-ir  pa^l  lii->toi'\  ma\  In-  loiiml  of  inii-ir-;  to  tin-  r»-;nl»-r: 


the  \\eMcrn  reserve,  ainl  tin- jerks  \\ere  folloueil  l,\  a  nio\ement  for  anew 
religion  in  A^htalmla  count > . 

Mr.  Solomon  Spauhlinir  mo\ei|  to  ('onneant  in  I-"1'.  1  Ie  preached  some- 
time.^. 1ml  \\ith\er\  liltle  siicee».  lie  ua>  iv-jfariieil  a-  a  uorth)  man. 
hoU  e\  c!  .  ami  ha\  ilm  '  U!  lieil  hi-  at  I  ell  I  !•  'li  to  the  Illereallt  i  le  li||>j  ||e>S  for  a 
\\hile.heaKofaileilinthat.  Som.-  pi-op],-  at  that  t  inn-  a.h  ocaie.l  the  i.h-a. 
that  tin-  American  Imlian-  uen  the  |,,M  triln-  of  Israel.  >pauMm-.:  ln-inir  a 
man  of  eccentric  tastes  ami  hal>it>.  ami  of  coii-nleralilc  ant  i'|iiai  ian  lore. 
hecaiiic  .  1 11  ite  i  nt  create.  I  in  t  he  -ail  i  ject  of  the  origin  ot  oil]-  con  nt  r\  '>  at  10  ri  - 
^ilies. 

( 'onneant  uas  rich  in  monument-.  moimiK  ainl  \->\  l  iiica!  ioii^  ot  a  past 
r.i.-c  ;  am  I  a-  tin-  pa -I  \\  a  -  Imrieil  i-nt  in-!\  in  o!i-ciir:U  .  he  nii,|ertook  to  \\  ril-- 
an  ima-j  ina-  \  nai  rat  i\  e  ol  tin-  \\  ap.i.i  inu:-  of  i  he  '.•  -:  1 1  il-e-  '11:,  l-,.ok  \\  ;i> 
inli-niiei!  a-  a  h:-torical  i  oinaii'  ••-.  \\  rii  !'-n  in  ih«  -;\le  n!  t  he  I'.il'ie.  ai:>! 
1 01  in,  le.  I  up.  .11  ihi-  -Mippo-it  i.ui  thai  ;!;••  Am--:  ;-•  .:>•  In-iian^  \\  •  ;•  •!••-,-,  ,,,  |., ,,; -, 

of     the.J'U-.        Ml.     -^po.Mlli--     1",   'I,--!,     .lot  \\hile     he     \\a> 

u  i  i; ; n'j  ; ! •!    1  .  '..I. .  \\ !..    I.  in-  i  i;l  ;i  '••,!.  ;   !.•;•''!         .1.  •!. n  \\  i  :;,->; 

••  H  -.,-..    ..   •!.  Mil.  n  •)•  :  i^aVm. 

\>\   laml    .itrjj  -  a.  !:::    \\n-\    ai  !  i  ••  •    '  'I  ;  •  i''u  ha-i  .|na: 

reN  ain!     •»".'  >  n:  i-  •'•'•  -    ami    -cpai.  ;•  <  i  lie!  ai  <! 

Mooil\      V,  .,!  -     l    ll  -!,.     :.     Ml      U  h"   ll     U  I'lli  >      1, II]  !.  -i| 

then  ih  ail    in    I;,:L''     heap-,  \\hich   •  an-i  <l  mnioii   in    lii.-. 


04$  HISTORY   <>l    SIM-X  A   (.'(U'NTY. 

countr\.  Their  arts,  sciences  and  ci\  ili/atimi  were  brought  into  view,  in 
order  to  account  for  all  the  curious  antiquities  found  in  various  parts  of 
North  and  South  America." 

Mr.  .John  Spauldiug  testifies  that  the  Mormon  IJible.  so  called,  is  essen- 
tiallv  this  bonk.  Mr.  Heiirv  Lake,  of  ( 'oiineaut.  also  corroborates  this  tes- 
timony in  the  following  emphatic  words  : 

••  1  left  the  Mate  of  New  York  late  in  the  year  Mn.  and  arrived  at  Con- 
iieaiit  the  l>t  of  .laimarx  following.  Soon  after  my  arrival.  I  formed  a  co- 
parlncr^hip  u  ith  Solomon  Spaulding  for  the  purpose  of  rebuilding  a  forge, 
\\hichhe  had  •  -,, mint-need  a  \ear  or  two  before.  He  very  frequently  read 
to  me  a  maimx-ript  which  he  was  writing,  which  he  entitled  the  "  Manu- 
script Found,"  and  which  lie  represented  as  being  found  in  this  town.  I 
spent  manv  hours  in  hearing  him  read  said  writings,  and  became  well  ac- 
quainted \\  ilh  their  contents.  He  wished  me  to  assist  him  in  getting  his 
productions  printed,  alleging  that  a  book  of  that  kind  would  meet  with  a 
rapid  sale.  [  designed  doing  so.  but  the  forge  not  meeting  our  anticipa- 
tions, we  failed  in  business,  u  hen  I  declined  having  anything  to  do  with  the 
publication  of  the  book. 

••  This  book  represented  the  A  me ri can  1 1 id ia us  as  the  descendants  of  tin- 
lost  tribes;  gave  an  account  of  their  leaving  .Jerusalem,  their  contentious 
and  wars,  which  were  main  and  great.  ()ne  time  when  he  was  reading  to 
me  the  tragic  account  of  Laban.  I  pointed  mil  to  him  what  I  considered  an 
inconsistency,  which  he  promised  to  correct.  l!ul  by  referring  to  the  Hook 
of  Mormon.  I  find  l»  m\  surprise,  thai  it  stands  there  just  as  he  read  it  to 
me  then.  Some  months  ago  1  borrowed  tlie  Mormon  IJible.  put  it  into  m\ 
pocket,  carried  it  home  and  thought  no  more  about  it. 

••  About  a  week  after,  my  \\ifc  found  the  book  in  my  coat  pocket  as  it 
hung  up.  and  commenced  reading  it  a  1m id.  a>  I  lay  upon  the  bed.  She  had  read 
but  a  few  minutes  till  I  was  astonished  to  lind  the  same  passages  in  it  that 
Spaulding  had  read  to  me  more  than  twent\  \ears  before  frmn  the  "  Mauu- 
cript  Found."  Since  then  I  have  more  mlly  examined  the  Mormon  IJible. 
and  have  no  hesitanc\  in  savMig  that  the  historical  part  of  it  is  principally, 
if  not  \\hnll\.  tak.-n  from  the  "  Manuscript  Found."  I  well  recollect  telling 
Mr.  ^pauidiicj  that  the  so  frequent  use  of  the  words  :  •  And  it  came  to  pass." 
rendered  it  ridiciiloii-.  Spaulding  left  here  in  M-J.  and  I  furnished  him 
m '-a 1 1  -.  io  carr\  him  to  1  'it  t  >hiirgh .  where  he  said  he  would  get  the  book  print- 
ed and  pa\  me.  I  heard  nothing  more  from  him." 

The  le.Mimoin  of  M\  other  witne»es  is  etpially  clear  on  this  point. 
spanldit;'_r  u  a-*  \ain  of  liis  writ  ing^  and  u  a-  cont  inually  reading  them  to  his 
neighbm->.  It  i->  much  easier  to  \\rite  such  a  i.ook  than  to  get  any  one  to 
publish  it.  It  i>  not  kno\\  n  what  use  he  made  of  l  he  manuscript .  Me  re- 
mained in  Pit !  Miurgh  t\\o  or  three  years  and  died  in  Amity  in  I  sit'.. 

Se\er.il  \rars  afterwards,  \\hen  thU  manuscript,  witli  sundrx  additions 
and  alteraiimi>.  appeared  as  the  Mormon  P,ib|e.  Spauldiug'^  widow  testified 
that  it  washer  iiupre>-.ioii  that  her  husband  look  the  manuscri|>t  to  the 
publisliing  lions.-  of  Messrs.  Patterson  »V  LamLdin.  but  that  she  did  not 
know  that  il  \s  a  -  e%  i-r  returned.  Lambdin  died.  The  establishment  was 
broken  up.  I'iitt'T-on  had  no  recollection  ot'  the  mauu>cript. 

Alioiii  tie-  year  \^'2'>.  a  man  b\  the  name  of  Sidney  Kigdon  came  to  Pitts- 


M'I'KSMX 


.  Hi-  \\asa\vr\  ei-eenlrii-  rharartrr.  witli  an  iinl>alam-r<l  miml  ami 
soim-uliat  of  a  ni»m>-maniai-  «m  i!n-  liiti!.-.  H«-  h.i'l  l««-i-n  a  uamleim..' 
preacher  \\  itlmiit  an\  i-i-'-h-siaMn-ai  aililialimi  !!••  l>e,-anp-  \<-r\  intimaN- 
\\ilh  l.aiiit'ilin  aipl  \va»  nft'-n  in  tip-  «>ili  •••  ulp-i,-  th<-  manu>,-i  ip'-  u.-i--  kept. 

lie    iplit    pD-ai-hllm'  I'M    three    \eai-,  !oMud\     the     I'.lhle.       He   Ua^   folld   of  dl^- 

jmtat  i«ii>  and  \\a>a»'!t,if  reli_'i,'ii-.  l->tniia>-lil«-.  ll--ie  n<  l.aml"lin'>  ollirf 
Iviirdon  t'i'iiii,!  M.'auldiii.:'>  manu^Tipt  and  i«-a'l  it  uiih  /real  inN-iv-l .  Hi- 
cra/>  mind  ali^oi  hed  l!  all.  lit-  i-opird  tin-  whole  th:iej  ami  elamied  I  h<- 
aiilhor-diip  in  hiiiiM-lf. 

1  ii  hi-,  \\anderm.:-,.  In-  madi-  tin-  ai-'|iiaint:iin-i-  <>t  an,>t!n-r  -!ii_'iil.u  man. 
iiainnl  .liii- Sinilh.  \\lin  |>rnf««>siM|  tu  JIMSM-.-,  the  art  "I '  ,lr.  in.il  i»n.  \>\  uhidi 
ui-i'r  n-\  i-ali-'l  I,'  him  t  tva-Miiv-.  Iii,|,|i-ii  iii  thf  L.'i'"iin,|.  Mini  h  ua>  .it  that 
linn-  iliu'u'iir/  t'"i'  ni"in-\  "ii  tin-  kink-  "t  tin-  >n^,|ii,-haiina.  !!••  i>  ii-pn-^t-iit • 
c«l  I  A  tli-'xc  i.pji.i-M-il  t,i  ln>  I'H-Iriit  inii^  .1^  a  man  «>!'  \«\\  a-.xn-iatf>.  a\  ••!-«..-  \<> 
all  n-irnlar  iiuln>tr> ,  \»-r\  \.>lnlili-  in  >|>i-i-<-h.  ha\in^r  u'li-al  ^t-li'  i-«inii.|i-iii-r. 
ami  \\  itli  iiiiii>nal  |>i>ut-r  i't'  <lu|>mur  ntln-r^.  II"  ha, I  -MIHH-  >.-,-i  ^t,,tic>.  h\ 
whii-h  In-  (-.•iil'l  liiuk  iiiin  t'iiliii-its  a^  \\i-l!  a>  int<>  llu-  I.,. \\i-K  "t'  the  earth. 

Smith  <li  »iiri-il  an  tini'l  tin-  <-i  unit!  >.  I  rum  |'!a,-e  t.(  pla'-e.  -,,,1111-1  i  me-.  att»-n,|- 
iiiLT  n-vival  nift-tinir-'.  pi'a>ini,r  aipl  e\h,,rtin^  \\ilh  ^n-ai  i-xhut't-i  an<-e  «>t' 
\\,)|,K.  1 1  \\a-  hanl  I"  ti-11  \\liethiT.lne  \\a--a  h>p"i-rite  ,'i  a  I'anat  ir.  ,u  a 
iui\t  ni'i-  iif  I  ii 'tli.  MM  it  h  ami  l!iLr'i"ii  jn-^t  --iiile,|  f,  ,r  ,  ,,ni|,aii> .  1'he-e  tii,,n"- 
iiianiafs  li'"k  tin-  "  Manu-M-ript  l-'>'iiml"  I'«T  lln-ir  u'unh-.  aii'l  eliminate, I 
Mi>nmiiii>ni.  N"  ili'iiht  lhe\  fell  l  hi-m»e!\  e-,  Lrni'li-'t  l-\  iln-  l|,>!\  dhi^t  t<> 
form  a  m-\\  n-lii,ri"n.  Smilli  ua--  i-uniiin^  aipl  \iT-»iitilf  an, I  ha<l  tin-  ^eer- 
sttini-.  in  whii'h  thf  ill  it ••  rat*1  ha, I  fail  h.  Sid  ne\  \\  a--  a  pi  intej  . ,i,d  a  pr'earln-r. 
full  i't  \\nnK  and  full  uf  Spauldiim''^  manu>'-ripl.  Smith  had  hia-->  and  M-lf- 
:-iilitid<-!M-*'  that  kiii-\\  in'  I'lu^h.  Hi-  ti>»k  tin-  It-ad. 

\Vnte>  Mr.  l-'eiri-^  :  "  A  portimi  uf  mankind  ha\e  l>een  l(.,ikiim  \»r  \\i>-  la>t 
da\-~  fur  th*-  pa-,1  t-i'jhleen  hundred  \»-ar-v  and  at  tin-  |"-iind  in  ,|iiesii,in  uere 
rcad>  to  i  un  inlo  M  illi-ri-^m  nr  an\  nt  hi-i  "  i-m."  \\  hen-  I  h*-ir  m>t  JUIIN  i-milii 

lie  ai-ci>llllll"ilati-d     III     tlli-,     n^pci't.        A     pi  -"pllel  .    I  he!  -ef,.|  ,-.    \\  h"    r.Hl'd    -,|||,e| 

add  t,i  the  i|i-.mv«T\  nf  the  '_r"]'l*'ii  Ilihle  a  |'riii-laniati<'!i  "1  a  -pe,-d\  de-true 
tin ii  .if  all  mnmiaiii1  ihnm^.  a  |'"\\*M  *•!'  attnrin-v  for  the  iv-li-ra!  i<,n  ,,f  an 
.nit In'!  i/rd  pi 'i i --tin  MM |  and  tin1  Lral  h'-i'i;i-4  "f  t  In-  -viml-.  and  make  a  In;  midahle 
,lispla>  nf  niirariiluii>  p..\ser>.  ua>  tin-  m»-t  areeptal'h-  mi:  \\  liii  h  r,.iil,l  l»- 
;uadc  1"  popular  >u  I't'i  >t  ii  :•  MI.  lien-,  then.  \\»ul,|  ^ei-m  ;,,  ha\  e  h.-en  enm- 
liiin-d  tin-  I'li-nn'tii  ->  of  an  a!  iiio-,pln-re.  \\  hii  h  ha-,  -line  hiamhed  ,,ui  and 
_rath<-red  >lieimih.  until  i!  lia^  her,, me  the  m>i>:  ii,,t,-d  install, -e  in  nioden, 
t  !iinv>  of  i  he  de\  elopmeiit  a  lid  L; !'• '  \\  l  h  '  't  religion-.  I  ana  1 1,  :  >m." 

Joe  Sm it  h '-,  ->! '  'i '.  i-,  a>  f"llou  ^  :  1 1 ,-  --.i\  -.  in  l  IP-  \  rai  I  ~_'o .  a>  he.  in  a  r*- 
tin-d  plai-i-.  \sa-«  earne-;l\  eii_r.i_r>'d  in  prayr.  t  u »  aii-,reU  apj-eai  ed  \«  him. 
'I"ne\  inloiiip-d  liim  tha:  (,«>\  had  \'«\'^'\  \\.i-,  lie 

,-lio>.-n  in-,1  ruiip-nt  t»  mi : •••  In, •*•  a  IP-\\  di  -pi-n>at  i"ii  :  i  ha!  ail  i  he  t  IP-I;  n-li 
^iniis  deiioiiiinal  ion^  \s  ei  e  in  *-ri'or  :  t  hai  t  IP-  1  ndiair-  \\  e;  ,•  ;  iie  d,-^  •,  nd.iir.  - 
.  if  the  1,1-^t  1 1  ill*--  :  1  hat  the-,  had  hr,  ,u_'hi  u  i!  h  them  to  thi-,  i-ounl  i  > .  inspired 
\\  ritnii.'^  :  that  '  iif-,1-  \\  ntim,'^  U'-n-  ^af*  i\  dep.  .-,;ie,i  in  a  >*',iet  p!a,  e.  ami 
that  IP-  ssa>  >eleeted  \<\  lo.d  t"  rerei\e  llp-m.  and  tlali-da'.'  them  into  the 
l'.nurli>li  tongue. 

'I'lp-r*'  ua-,  i-oii>iderahl*-   IP-^,.I  iat  imi    In-foie   tip-  an_'i-l  ,  ,,n,|e^.  ,  !id>-d  !•>  put 


050 


HISTORY    OK    SENECA    COUNTY. 


tin  plates  into  his  hands.  At  length  the  anjjel  told  him  where  they  were 
t,,  )„.  found.  Al'ont  I'oui-  miles  I'roni  Palmyra.  Ne\v  York,  there  was  a  small 
liill  or  mound.  Smith  dim'  down  on  the  left  side  of  the  mound  and  found  a 
laruv  -tone  l>o\.  -NO  carefnlh  sealed  that  no  moisture  could  enter  it.  Here 
the  plate-  u  ere  found.  Orson  Pratt,  one  of  the  first  converts  to  Mormon- 
i-m.  ami  one  of  its  mo^i  distinguished  advocates,  i^ives  the  following  account 
of  the  plate-  a-  I  hen  found  : 

••  These  records  were  engraved  on  plates  which  hud  the  appearance  of 
•_rold.  Kadi  plate  \v.is  not  far  from  seven  liy  ein'ht  inches  in  width  and 
length,  beintr  not  quite  so  thick  as  common  tin.  They  were  lilled  on  hoth 
>ide-  u  ith  em,M'a\  iii'4's.  iii  Ku\\  pt  ian  characters,  and  were  hound  together  in 
a  \olume.  a-  the  leases  of  a  book,  and  fastened  at  one  edjje  with  three  rings 
running  through  the  whole.  This  V(»liime  was  something  like  six  inches  in 
thickne-s.  a  part  of  \\hich  was  sealed. 

••  The  character-  or  letters  upon  the  unsealed  part  were  small  and  In  auti- 
fulh  enura\ed.  The  \\hole  hook  exhiliited  man\  marks  of  antiquity  in  its 
eon-truct  ion.  as  \\ell  as  much  skill  in  the  art  of  engraving.  \Vitli  the  record 
wa-  found  a  curiou-  instrument,  called  l>\  the  ancients  the  I' rim  and  Tliiun- 
niin.  which  consisted  of  t\\o  transparent  stones,  clear  as  crystal,  set  in  the 
l\\  0  rim-  of  a  ho\\ .  This  was  in  use  in  ancient  t  imes  Ity  persons  called  seers. 

h  \\a-an  iiisl  ruiuent .  b\  the  use  of  which,  they  recived  revelations  of 
tiling-  di-tant  or  of  things  past  or  future." 

I -,  it  not  provoking  that  a  ho\  who  had  ever  attended  a  school  in  Titlin 
should  em hra ce  such  humbug  as  religion  ? 

.loe  "smith  hold!)  exhibited  these  apparently  golden  plates.  1ml  no  nnsanc- 
tilied  hands  \\  ere  permitted  to  touch  them,  lie  also  showed  a  very  highly 
polished  marl"'*'  lio\.  which  lie  said  had  contained  the  plates,  and  which,  in 
that  case,  must  ha\  e  miraciilonsh  retained  its  lustre  for  count  less  centuries. 
IJiU  it  had  lieen  oli-er\ed  some  time  before  that  .loe  Smith,  his  brother, 
Hiram  and  another  man  b\  the  name  of  McKni^ht  wei'e  very  busily  em- 
plo\  cd  in  some  secret  \\ork.  which  particularly  engrossed  their  time  in  the 
lioiir-  of  darkness.  It  was  suspected  that  they  were  en,u,-a,n1ed  in  some  count- 
erteitin^  opei'ations.  Accordin.ii  to  Joe  Smith's  account,  they  were  engajjed 
in  lonel\  vigils  and  in  pra>  er. 

1 1  \\  as  emphat  icall\  true  of  the  new  prophet  that  lie  had  but  very  little 
honor  in  hi-  oun  country.  His  peculiar  claims  excited  ridicule  and  con- 
tempi.  Mob-  he->ei  his  house,  demanding  a  si^ht  of  the  most  famous  }>lates. 
At  lemrth  the  anno\ance  became  -o  ^reat  that  he  lied  from  Palmyra  and 
took  n  lH'je  iii  tin-  iiorthei'ti  part  of  Pennsylvania,  where  his  father-in-law 
resided.  He  secreted  his  plates  for  the  jonrne\  in  a  ban-el  of  beans.  Mein^ 
i|;iieil\  !ion-,-|  in  hi-  retreat,  he  commenced.  b\  divine  inspiration,  trans- 
l.iliii^the  Iv.j  \  p:  i,:n  hi.  !'o^l\  pliicv.  As  he  scarcely  knew  how  to  write  him- 
self.  he  emplo\ed  ,i  si  i  ibe.  one  <  )li\  >T  ( 'owilerv.  Slat  ioned  behind  a  screen. 
\\liere  Co  i •;••>  eo'ild  ii<>;  -ee  him.  he  professed  to  look  through  the  I'rim 
and  Th  u  minim,  and  I  hu-  !  ran-laied  liie  unknown  s\inbols.  sentence  by  sen- 


AI'F'KNltlK.  651 

tlainetl  first  Smith  and  then  <'owder\  into  tin-  pi  ie-,thood  of  Aaron.  The 
famih  of  the  prophet's  father  lieeame  <-"ii\«-i  t->.  ami  tln-n  an  in«li\  ulual  l»y 
the  name  nf  Martin  Hani-..  Tin-  charactei  of  tin-  man'-  mind  ma\  he  in- 
ferred from  tin-  fact  tli.H  h.-  had  li.-i-n  a  lt»nak«-r.  Methodi-t.  |!apti-t  and 
l"inall>  a  I'l  v-l>\  te|  i,iu.  1  Ian  'i-  had  -ome  proper!  \  and  "»mitli  impoi  i  uiieil 
him  to  fnrni-h  fund-  Io  pnh!i-h  the  hook.  a--min:,r  him  that  il  would  pro- 
duce an  i-nt  if-  <•  ha  ir_'e  in  the  world  .in- 1  -a\  •  •  it  from  in  in. 

Mr.  Hani-,  a  -imple-minded.  we]!  meanm-.,'  man.  wa-  \«T\  anxiou*.  to  -ee 
tin-  \\ondertnl  plate-.  I'M!  tin-  piophe!  a\"\\,-,|  that  h«-  \\  a^  ii"l\i-thoi\ 
enoiiL'h  t"  i'n  io\  that  pri\  I!I-L,'--.  I  \<>\\  <-\  <-\ .  al'ti-r  mm-h  import  unit  \  .  lit-  '_',i\  «• 
Mi.  llarri--  a  lian>'Tipt  ol  ^onn-  ol  th«-  '-liai  ai-Ji-i  ••>  »\i  .1  pi»-n-  ..i  papi-r.  A  > 
Mr.  1  Ian  i-~  \\  a-  p.ntin^  \\ilh  hi-,  nn 'iic\  .  In-  c\;.li-nt!\  t>-!t  ^omc  •-olicilinlc 
h">t  In-  mi^ht  !'••  ili-i-i-j\  fi|.  ^ini-f  all  ai'oniKl  him  ui  ;••  ^p.-akur_'  couti-niptii- 
oii>l>  oi  the  jTopln-t  if  claim  of  .Joe  ^nntli.  ainl  h«-  a'lopl«-.l  tin-  \\i^c  precau- 
tion, pi'ohalih  nr^i"l  to  i;  l.\  some  o|"  hi^  lii'-nK.  <>!  ^nhmit !  nr4  t  he  paper 
u  ith  the  hiero^l\  phic-.  to  l'i'itfe>sor(  'harle^  Anthon.  a  ili>tin^ni-.heil  <  )riental 
x'liol.u  ii!  N'e\\  York. 

Mr.  IIo\\e.  in  \\ritim:  a  hi>lor\  of  MOI  iiioni-.m.  -ul'--i-,|iiriii  !\  \\inie  to 
l'rofe----or  Anihoii.  making  ini|iiirie>  upon  ihi>  -nhieci.  llr  recei\  ei|  a  rcph 
nmler  date  of  l-'elirnar>  17.1^.',!.  1'i'om  \\hich  \s  e  make  the  fo!Io\\  in^  ex- 
tracts : 

••  Some  \ears  airo  a  plain,  appan-nth  >imple-hearte-l  taiim-i  calN-don  me 
with  a  note  from  I  >r.  Mitchell.  rei|iie>tin^  me  to  decipher,  if  po->ilile.  tin- 
paper  \\hich  t!ie  tanner  \\oiild  hand  me.  I  pon  examining  the  paper.  I  --oon 
raine  to  t  lie  conclusion  that  it  u  a-  all  a  trick,  peril  a  p>  a  hoax.  \\'  h.-n  I  a-^ked 

t  he   pi  !'--o!l    \\  ho  hi  -on^ht      it  .    ho\\      he     ohtai'ied     the     \\  I'll  illLT.   he     _r,t\  e   Hie  1  he 

follow  iiiLr  account  : 

•  A  '_rold  liook .  containing  a  niimlier  of  plate-,  fastened  to^rther  li\  wire- 
of  the  >ame  matt  rial,  had  lieen  (1m,'  up  in  the  northern  part  of  the  -late  of 
Neu  York  and  alomr  \\  ith  it  an  enoi -111011-  pair  of  >pectade>.  The-e  >pec- 
laclo  were  so  lai'ue  that  if  an\  person  attempted  to  |do|\  thi-oirjh  them.  hi> 

t  W  o  e\  e-   W  ollld    look    through     one   Ll'la-.-  olll\  .    the    >pectac!e-   liellluT  a!lo-_'i-t  he|- 

too  lame  fo|-  tlie  human  face.'  'Whoever.'  IK-  sadl.  '  examiiieil  the  plate> 
throimh  the  v,'las>.  wa>  enabled  not  onl\  to  read  them,  hut  fnl!\  to  nnder- 
.Mand  t  lieir  ineaiiim,'.' 

••  Although  thi-.  knowledge  wa-  coiilined  to  a  \oim^  man.  w  ho  had  tin- 
trunk  containing  the  hook  and  -]iectac]e>  m  In-,  >ole  pos^r^^ioM.  This 
\oiniLr  man  wa-  placed  liehind  the  curtain,  etc..  etc. 

••  '1'ilf   fal  lliel'  had    heeli    I'eiplesti-d    to  eo|it  lil-llle     a      >Ulll     of     |||o|  ie\    I ..  w  a  I  d -. 

tlie  pnl'lication  o!  the  -olden  hook,  and  that  he  had  inl.-nd--d  !••  |  ii  hi>  la:  in 
and  ui\  e  I  In-  amount  t"r  that  pm  po->e. 

"(Mi  heaiinu  thi^ --Id  -t.>r>.  I    diaiiL'ed    mv    .-pin:.  ..•  paper,  and 

in-iead  "|   \  |ew  inj  it  an\    !oirj.-i   a^  a  hoax.  I    IIC-.M     to    • ,  j  r   |  •;  .,  -  .,   -.  h-  nn- 

|n   i-lieal     1  he    1,1!  Illei     ol     h|>    nio|le\       .  |  1  ; .  i     |     \\  a  1  !  I  ft  I       hill!      \«  •>,     ]  .  .-  I  i .  ' -. . 

••The    |,.|,.:     A,,-    a    Miiunlar    -cio!         1:  ,  ,,'ai 


652  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

the  •  irold  book  '  in  print,  and  offered  it  to  me  for  sale.  I  declined  purchas- 
ing. I  adverted  once  more  to  the  roguery  which,  in  my  opinion,  had  been 
practiced  upon  him  and  asked  him  what  had  become  of  the  .irold  plates.  He 
informed  me  that  they  were  in  the  trunk  with  the  spectacles.  I  advised 
him  toiro  to  a  magistrate  and  have  the  trunk  examined.  He  said  the  curse 
of  ( iod  would  come  on  him  if  he  did.  On  my  pressing  him.  however,  to  go 
to  a  magistrate,  he  told  me  he  would  open  the  trunk  jf  I  would  take  the 
curse  of  (iod  upon  myself.  I  replied  that  I  would  do  so  with  the  greatest 
\\  illingness  and  would  incur  every  risk  of  that  nature,  provided  I  could  only 
extricate  him  from  the  grasp  of  a  rogue.  He  then  left  me.  etc. 

"Yours  respectfully.         CHARLFS   AXTIION." 

Again  the  community  became  clamorous  to  see  the  plates,  and  it  was  re- 
vealed to  Joe.  to  show  them  to  three  witnesses  chosen  by  the  Lord.  These 
were  Oliver  Cowdery.  Martin  Harris  and  David  Whitmer.  a  new  convert. 
who  subsequently  getting  into  a  quarrel  with  some  of  the  Mormons,  was 
accused,  together  with  Cowdery.  of  being  connected  with  a  gang  of  counter- 
feiters, thieves,  liars  and  blacklegs  of  the  deepest  dye.  to  deceive,  cheat  and 
defraud  the  saints.  This  tirade  of  abuse  was  set  on  foot,  however,  only  after 
the  Mormons  had  finished  their  temple  at  Xanvoo.  and  Joe  Smith  found 
Cowdery  to  be  very  much  in  his  way  for  the  leadership,  when  he  resorted  to 
all  manner  of  violence  to  drive  Cowdery  out  of  his  vay  . 

The  /•,'/(/( />•'  Jnnninl  also  spoke  of  Martin  Harris  in  the  following  disre- 
spectful terms  : 

"Martin  I  larris  is  so  far  beneath  contempt,  that  a  notice  of  him  would  be 
too  irreat  a  sacrifice  fora  gentleman  to  make." 

These  were  the  apostles  to  testify  to  the  golden  plates.  Their  meagre  tes- 
timony was  as  follows  : 

"  An  a n. ire  1  of  (iod  came  down  from  heaven  and  brought  and  laid  before 
our  eves,  that  we  beheld  and  saw.  the  plates  and  the  engraving  thereon." 

X'o  one  doubted  that  Joe  had  prepared  these  things,  yet  he  was  accepted 
as  a  divinely  appointed  prophet.  On  the  1st  of  June.  1SHO.  he  organized  a 
band  of  thirty  followers  at  Fayette,  ( )ntario  county.  Pennsylvania,  but  these 
saints  were  held  in  such  slight  repute  where  they  were  known,  that  their 
leader  concluded  to  remove  them  to  Kirtland.  Ohio.  Here  they  assumed  the 
name  of  the  Latter  Day  Saints.  Three  thousand  persons  gave  in  their  ad- 
hesion to  Joe  Smith.  Some  of  these  had  wealth.  Xow  it  was  revealed  to 
Joe  that  they  should  build  for  him  a  house  and  give  him  food  and  raiment 
and  all  he  needed,  which  was  done.  Joe  became  rich  and  established  a  bank 
which,  he  said,  could  never  fail,  as  it  was  instituted  "by  the  will  of  (iod." 
Hut  it  did  fail  and  badly  . 

The  lo>ers  by  the  failure  of  the  bank  procured  process  for  Joe  and  Rigdon. 
who  both  ran  ;;way .  For  this  runaway  Joe  excused  himself  afterwards  upon 
IJihle  irroiinds  :  And  as  Jesus  said,  when  they  persecute  you  in  one  city, 
lice  to  another.  Joe  said,  "these  persecutors  followed  them  more  than  two 
hundred  mile--,  armed  with  swords  and  pistols,  seeking  their  lives." 

Thereupon  the  Mormons  moved  to  Independence.  Jackson  county.  Mis- 
souri. \\here  they  bought  a  large  tract  of  land.  Converts  were  multiplied,  a 
newspaper  established  and  a  town  sprang  up  as  by  magic.  Soon  they  num- 
bered i  wel  Ye  hundred. 


AfTKM'IX.  053 

Kit*  Inllg  tilt*  tliSKUSt    "I     I'"'    pr..ph-    nl     MlsxHIlI    \\  a*    c\i'itf«|    ;i^aill>l   tlll-IU. 

iVoplf  did  nut  \\Nlt  t<i  li\fin-ar  tin-in,  ami  tln-ii  prr>«-ii<  ••  dmnm-ln-d  th«- 
salur  '•!  pn>pcrt\  in  lli>-  >uriiMin.|iii^  i-i'iintr\.  Tin-  M«n  ni"ii-  U-.  aim-  •  !»•- 
liant.  rai-,nl  a  lar^f  militars  t"i>-t-  and  dr.-lan-d  tliai  lln->  \\i-M-ala\\  uiit» 
tlirinx-lvi'-..  and  -ft  Ih«-  piihllr  .iiith'U  M  ir-  .it  i|i-!iaii<  •-.  Tin-  ^UM-I  HIT  uiai - 
>ha!li-d  a  t'mvr  i.f  I.  .111  i  Mm  i -.and  mill!  ia  t"  kn-p  u:di-r  aii'l  pi  "ha hi  \  I"  i  nt  inn - 
nat«-  tin-  M"im<ui-  and  a'-luatr  lln-m  !••  lt-a\r  tin-  <ta!«-.  T!n-n-  had  ali'-ad^ 
h.-rn  a  i-uiillii  •! .  i  it  \\hirti  ri^'li!  M  i-»"unan  >  \\  ri  r  \\"iindrd  .ind  l\\rnt\  li\<- 
Miiriiniii*.  \\rir  killrd  and  tliirts  u^mpli-l.  Tin-  ••iii.i_'fl  M»MII<>II^  Imrut  tin- 
•'iii.ill  l«'\\  H-,  o\  (lallalin  and  .\lil!|mi  t .  'l"n>-\  ia\  ,t^--d  tin- >  ..uni  i  \  in  mid- 
u  intfi .  dii'<iiiur  tit'-  svi'im-ii  and  rliildri-n  li"in  thru  linini--,  and  !a\  ili!^  tin- 
[aim  licni^r-  in  a^h'-^. 

tirin-ial  Clark  \\a-  in  ••uimnand  "I  tin-  L.'"\  ••!  nnii-ntal  huf  •-.  \\ln>  uiut.-  t«> 
tin-  Lr»N  ••!  ii"i  :  "  Tln-ii-  i»  in»  i-riim-,  t  r-'in  IHM-HII  d»\\n  t.i  pi-ut  laiv.-n>  .  l-ui 
tlic>r  pi-i.plf.  i.r  a  iiiajuril\  «[  tlinu.  liav  <•  \t<>:  \<t-<-\\  -^iiillv  "I;  all.  !<">.  undt-i 
rniiiiM-l  nl  .iico-pli  Smith,  tin-  pniplict.  T!II-\  ha\i-  •  I'liimitlfd  t!i-a-«'ii.  ai>mi. 
Imr^'lai  > .  I'.'lilii-i  >  .  lar«-i-ii>  and  piTjnr>.  Tii>-\  ha\i-  «.«ii'n-tn--.  r-inu»-'l  nndfi 
tli»' most  hindiim  covenants  and  tin-  mu-t  h«uTid  uath-,  i«  i-in-inuvi-nt  tlif 
la\\  •»  and  put  tin-mat  drfiam-f.  and  I"  p!iindi-i .  tun  n  and  murdi-r  and  dt\  id«- 

till'  ^puil>   ti'l'   till-   ll>c  u!    till-  rhllivll." 

Tin- ur"\  ••!  n-ir-i^-m-d  an  unlt-r.  \\tiii-li  ua>   u-'rd.-d  M-I  >  iint'««rt  im.itt-U  : 
••  Thf  rumli-adi-r-v  of  tlii-,  rr!n-lli..n.  ^Imiild   !-••  made  an  f\ampi. •••!'.      It    it 
slimiM  hffiinif  iifi-«-s>ar\    t'»  il"'  pulilir  I't-an-.  tin-  Mm  Mi'in>  -!i"'iM  In- .-\t<-r- 
minatfd.  »r  i-\pi-!!i-d  I  I'.m  tin-  Mali-." 

Tlif  | pii-nf    .lai-k>i>n    ri'iintx  iill'i'M-d    t«.   lm\   tin-in    mi;    and    I.i  ha\  »•  tin- 

prii-o  i>t  tln-ir  pi'iiprrt  \  li\»-d  ii\  thin-  n  inimi>-ii  'in-'i  ^.  \\  it  h  "in-  hundred  p«-r 
rriit.  iii  additii'ii.  Tln-\  rrtii^rd  I"  lra\f.  Tin-  null!  ia  di>ai  nn-d  tin-  Mur- 
miin-i  and  tituk  atiniit  i'urt\  pri-«"iitT-,.  -Im-  Smitli  amnn^^t  tln-m.  Tin-,  \\i-n- 
rmiipclifd  tn  i-ni'-r  iiitu  a  trt-at  \ .  l'\  \\  liii-li  I  hr\  aiiri-i'il  t«  \vit  h«lrau  1 1  •  >m  t  hr 
--tali-.  l-'i\i-  1-1  iniiir.^>i"iiri'-  ui-i'c  aiip-unii-d  t"  •*!•!!  thrir  prnju-rtx.  pa>  th«-ir 
del  1.1^  and  aid  !  ln-m  in  in  in  >\  inu.  Th'-  -^latr  apprupi  iat«-d  \\\«  I  In -n -and  <\«l- 
lar-  tui'  tlii'ir  ri-lirt .  **\\\\  thru-  \\  a-  mil'  h  >ut'|rrin-_:.  a>.  in  mid  \\  intri  .  ; ln-^r 
numiT«iii>  t'ami!i"-->  !i'a\i-i'>i-d  m-arU  ;!n-  \\h.'li-  lin-adlh  "I  Mi^miri.  and 
I-I-I)^->IHL:  tin-  Mi--<;>-!i'pi  ri\»-r.  mim-d  tin-  >tatr  ••!  l!linui->. 

Tlir  |-!A  "t  plT-ri  'III  |i  HI  had  |i|rrrd'-d  'lili-IILalld  till'  pruplr  nj  1  !  !  !  !|i  i|  >  |'l- 
ri'iVi'd  them  \r|\  killdl\.  Tilr  A  II 1 1  •  I'  1 1 M  1 1  pruplr  a|r  \r|'S  p!":npt  Ml  tll!"\\- 

IIIL'  tln-ii   >>  nijiat  liir-,  MI:    the  -~idr  "\    ihu-r   that    air   p.-r-r.  atn|    in]  .  'j.ininn'-, 

- .  I  k  r  . 

'I'hr  Mm  MM  'ii-  ->•  •: !  !i-d  dn\\  ii  iii  1 1  am-"' -k  i-uuiit  \ .  "ii  t  In-  t-a-!-  ;  n  I '.ink  <•(  tin- 

M  1-,-l^-lpp!  .        l|rlrtiir\    riiminrliri-d      Ir.iIMlU     a      Iir\\    ' ' ',  \  \  .    \\  '  i '. '   1 1     thr\     raMi'd 

Nan\u".      M  i-.-!"iia:  !••-    "1     tin-    nr\\     laith  had  ln-<  n    -rut  at'iuad  in  ai!  din-i-- 

t  |l>ll-.        »  'i'II\  r!  ;  -    Url  r    Illllli  Iplird.         Tin    V     lli'l'krd    !•'    \al|\  "•'.          I  !;  a   -In'!  I    t  HIM- 

tin-1,  inrira-rd  I"  ntli-ni  ih'Hl-alid  !  1 1  iia  i ' : ; .  1 1 1 '  - .  -Mii'.ih  had  .1  ii'-u  \  ,-\  rial  n  «li. 
I'll"-  tail  hi  nl  \\  r  1 1-  rn  i>  lini-d  t  •  <  "  I  'i  i  nu'  ~>  'Id  and  j  'i  •  ••  ]•  ••  i  -  ma!<  •:  :a !  -  Ii  >t  I  In- 
luiildin^  M|  ,i  ii-niplf  l"i  tin-  um  -liip  «\  ( ."d.  and  a  h"U-r  |.  .t  ;hr  d\\i-!lmvt'- 
plai-t-  "I  tin-  p!"ph'-l 

I'.lr  |i>n'_f  ii    \\.i-    r-Iimatrd     that     i>\     tiir    !al>"!-  ••!   ihr  m:--     -!ia!  >••>    in    till- 

iMimiis  and   Kui"pr.  ihr    Mnimun-    n!inii"'ir.|    ]  ^I,IM«I.      Nan- a--anud  a 

I  hi  :\  \i\\s,  a-pn  i .      A   mii;!ai\     hand    \\.i-    "i  uan  i/i-d  .    ruii>i-»tinu   "I    (.'""iiiin. 


<>54  HISTORY    OK     SF.NKCA     COUNTY. 

well  armed  and  disciplined,  .loe  liad  another  new  revelation,  not  only  au- 
thori/inu'  tlit-  saints  I"  lake  inniv  than  one  wife,  luit  enjoining  it  upon  them 
as  a  dut)  to  lake  several  maidens  to  wife,  and  tlius  lead  tlieiu  to  heaven. 

This  step  shocked  quite  a  niiinlier  ol'  the  simple-minded  victims  and  UM! 
them  to  \\  it  lidrau  .  hi  it  more  \\  ere  Ini'ed  to  join  them  b\  the  license,  and  con- 
verts were  mult  iplied  Taster  than  ever.  Joe  was  accused  of  seducing' the 
\\ife  of  a  I>r.  I-'oster.  The  injured  husband  published  atlida\ils.  clearly 
pro\  inij  the  charge.  A  \\arraut  I'rom  a  neighboring  magistrate  was  secured 
for  the  arrest  of  tliecnlprit.  .loe  called  out  liis  armed  men  and  dro\  e  the 
sheriff  from  t  he  cji\ .  This  caused  ^reat  excitement  and  the  state  militia 
\\  a-~  called  out  to  enforce  the  la\\  s.  Tliere  \vas  ever)  prospect  for  civil  war. 
The  i;-o\  crnor  came  to  \au\oo.  .loe  knew  what  was  coming,  and  he  and 
his  brothei'.  Hiram,  surrendered  to  the  warrant  under  a  pledge  of  personal 
safet).  The)  were  both  taken  lo  the  jail  at  <  'artha.u'e.  where  the)  were  held 
under  the  charge  of  treason.  Popular  excitement  and  indignation  were  in- 
ten>e.  A  Li'iiard  was  placed  around  the  jail  to  protect  the  prisoners  from  an 
exasperated  community.  The  cr\  was  loud  for  the  destruction  of  Naiivoo. 
and  the  expulsion  of  all  the  inhabitants. 

At  six  o'clock  on  the  evening  of  the  I'Tth  of  November.  is|(.  two  hundred 
men  in  disguise  approached  the  jail,  thrust  the  u'uard  aside,  broke  open  the 
doors,  and  shot  the  two  Smiths.  .Joe's  last  words  were,  as  the  balls  pierced 
his  boi|\ ."().  Lord,  my  ( iod." 

The  •rovernol"  was  deeply  ay^rieved  by  this  violation  of  the  public  faith. 
He  issued  a  manifesto,  in  which  he  said  : 

••  I  desire  to  make  a  brief  statement  of  the  affairs  at  Carthage,  in  regard  to 
the  Smiths.  They  have  been  assassinated  in  jail  :  by  whom,  it  is  not  known, 
but  it  will  he  ascertained.  I  pledged  m\self  to  their  safety.  I'pon  this 
assurance  the)  surrendered  themselves  as  prisoners.  The  Mormons  sur- 
rendered the  public  arms  and  submitted  to  the  command  of  Captain  Sin^le- 
lou.  of  l!ro\\  11  count),  deputed  for  that  purpose  by  me.  I  had  secured  a 
pledge  of  safety  for  the  Smiths,  by  the'unaiiimoiis  voteof  all  the  oHicers  and 
men  under  their  command. v  \\'hen  I  had  marched 

about  three  miles  a  messenger  informed  me  of  the  occurrence  at  ('arthai^e. 

I  hastened  on  to  that  place.     The  u'uard.  it  is  said,  did    their   duty,  but  were 

o\  erpi  i\\  el'eil ." 

The  ne\v>  of  the  death  of  the  prophet  created  the  wildest  excitement  at 
\au\oo.  I  n  t  heir  oru'aui/at  ion  a  man  by  the  name  of  IJriirham  ^'oim^  was 
pi'esident  oi'  a  baud  called  "the  Tweh'e  A  post  !es."  These  chose  YOIIII.LT  as 
t  lie  snei-essor  o|'  .loe  •Smith,  and  to  be  the  head  of  the  church.  Sidney  Kiifdon 
rebelled,  demanding  the  position  for  himself.  Uri^ham  arrested  him:  de- 
clared him  to  be  an  emi^ar\  of  the  devil,  excommunicated  him.  and  "de- 
livered him  o\er  to  the  buffet  inurs  of  the  de\  il  in  the  name  of  the  Lord." 

All  u as  quiet  for  a  while,  and    the    Mormons   built   a  temple  one  hundred 

aild    1  Went) -eiu'h!    feel    loll-'  b)      ej^hl  \  -ei'^ht      feet     \\ide.       The     }fn,-ni"n    7V;//'N 

I 1  ii  1 1  >    '.-I,,.  ^;i',i  i  of  it  :     "Our  temple,  when  finished,  will  sho\\  more  wealt  h. 
moreart.  more  -cii-nce.  more  revelation,  more  splendor  and  more  (rod  than 
all  the  res'  •  I'  i  he  \\orld." 

1  iiiri  irj  t  le-  c-i'm  out  side  of  \au\  oo.  all  >orl  s  of  rumors  wen-  in  <-i  rcnlat  ion 
,1-  t  !i. -•_'!•'  a!  numlier  o| Crimes  beinijj  constantl)  committed  within  thecitv. 


'>> 


A  convention  wa-  called  and  a  iv^olntmn  pa--.-d  that  the  .M'>nn»n-  mu-t 
lea\e.  IIri-4liam  Y"ii!i4  »a\\  that  it  ua-  u-e.le,-,  t<>  iv-i-t.  and  at  oti< •  •  made 
preparation-  to  leave  and  mo\  •  l,,-\ond  the  !»,nn  lai  ;••-  of  the  I  niled  v.ile-, 
into  the  territojA  of  M-M-,,  Y"iin4  -i:-p!a\ed  _•;,.,,•  -^r|!  llt  ri-mo\  111-4 
I.I.INHI  -oiiK  nrin\  hundred  miii--.  "Sei  an  almost  pa!!.;.---  u:ideiii« •--.  ;n  the 
in  id -t  nl  \\  i  liter  to  a  ne-.s  it.  .ne-  \  <• !  !••'<>••  ma.  !••  in  in  \  iiii'idi  •  d  nr  !>•-.  a\«,  as  . 
The  lir-i  Land  .  io>-e.|  the  M>--  n  |Vl.:uit-.  \->- 

Th.    Nan /'.,„   -  ••  T-.  ,.|  i,,,-n. 

\vouieii  and  ctiildr.-n  comp'-lled.  !••  ;h.-  :n--:!'.  :••!..-.  •-!  Ph«-  'aw  ;•<  i<-.i.  >•  .1 
'4re.it  cit\  in  ;  h'-  m.  >'i!h  .'!  1'eiii  aa:  \  .  foi  t  he  -ak'-  •>!  '  ii- ••••.:  -.  m-  n!  ••!  pare 
rcliLTioh.  lill-  t!i.-  -on!  \\  i!  h  a-Joni-hm  -n!  and  -4!%.--  ;!,.•  \^ . .;  id  a  ^  i:iipl«- of 
1ideht\  and  I'ai'h  I'riMian:  a-  tin-  -nn.  lo;.  ;|.i.-  a-  :h>-  o-mp.--:.  and  .-ndniini; 
a-  eti-i  nil  \ .  " 

Th  i-  i.iit:"ii'-\  o -ciipii-d  ii'iih  thi'ee  m  oruli-.  (  ..'.ine!  Th-iina-  I..  Kane, 
hfoiherof  I  )o  to]  I'lii-ha  Kan.-.  \\.iio  \«-  -anr-  -"  il!'i-t  i  IOM-  \,\  \i  -  polar  I"iir. 
w  it  ne  --.-d  t  hi-  .-mitral  i  "ii.  and  u  i  it.--  of  \\  in  t!:>-  mo-!  /!••«  in-4  tej  m-  :..;  :t- 
strict  oi'ile]-.  t  he  de\  otj.inal  evn-i-e-  ot  i!ie  |i--op!e.  ;hen  .|iii' !  endnraiice. 
and  he  ci  me  hide-  :  ••  |-;\  ,•<  \  da\  clu-ed  a-  <-\  ,-r\  <!a\  i"-_'a;i.  \\ ;!  h  an  in\  o.-;i- 
t  ion  o|  the  |  >j\  in"  fa\  or.  uithont  ui\:-h  no  Mormon  -e.-iiu-d  l«»  dale  lo  1. 1\ 
hi  m -e]f  d"\\  1 1  to  r.--t .  \\'  it  ii  t  !i>-  !ir-t  -hin  MI -4  of  i  h'-  -tar  ^  lan/hl.-i  and  '.>ud 
talkiii'4  \\ere  hii-hed.  Tin-  neiu'lii'oi  u.-nl  hi-  wav.  Y."i  h'-.ud  the  !a-t 
h\mn  -nnur.and  th'-n  tic-  ihon-aiid  \ojce  miirmnr  "t  pra\e|-  \\a-  heard,  hk*- 
lnilili]inur  wat'-r  fall in-4  do\\  n  t  he  hill." 

The  war  with  Me\i.-o  hrnii'4hi  I 't  th.  u  ii  h  vi!'  Lake  ( ';; \  .  u  ithtn  (lie  t-n- 
laixr"d  tioimdarie-  of  I  h>-  I '  nil'-d  State-.  I  '>!'._: ham  Y"im4  \\  a-  a  man  of  mi- 
doiihteil  al'ilit)  and  uT'-a!  -a-4,i'-!t\.  hnl  -Ai'h  an  e\.-ci-di!i_r!-,  ro^-  ,.•  and 
\  nlurai"  mind.  I '  pon  t  heir  arris  al  .1!  Salt  I  .ake .  tie  i--ned  a  pi  orlama!  ion  In 
all  the  world,  from  which  the  fo|l"\\  1114  i-  extracted  : 

"  The  kiii4.1om  of  ( ,o  |  ,-on-i-t  -  in  corre,-i  principle-,  and  :;  ma!  l«-re;li   not 
\\  hat  a  man'-  re! i 41011-  fait  h  i-.  u  he!  her  h>-  :-  .1  1  'r.--|i\  t>-i 
1  »apt  i-I .  a  I .  ii  t.-t  1 )  i\  Sai  n! .  a  M"!'inon  .  a  i  '  i  mp:  •••!!  '.'••.    a   <  'a 
copalian.a  Mohammedan,  or  e\  en  a   l'a-4.in."i  an* '  Iuii4  e|-e. 
!h'-  knee,  and  \\  it  h  hi-  1011411.-  u  ill  :-onf.---  that  -I---  i-  i-  t  lie  '   '• 
-nppoi ;  _'oo  i  an  !  s\  hole-nine  !a\\  -  for  t  !,••  r.- /ula;  :»n  "j    , 
a>  a  I'l'o!  licr.  and  \s  ill    -t  Hi  I    i.\     hima-he-tand-    liv   u-  i 
e\er\    m  in'-  las'  h  I-  a  ma! !  "I   1  "•'  u  e.-n  h  i  -  .".v  n  ,,.11!  ,i'id    !:,-(,. 

if   he    -hal!   d'-li  .      i  he     .le-ll-.     el||--e     I  ,od.      -hal' 

lunch  -!\   and  crime,  he.  -\\car.  -!>    ii.  ••'  -..  <•;.•..  he  -ha'.l  !:a\<-  i 

mid-1,   etc..   elc." 

With  the  Mo..  I  of  ei  ii  i  4  ration  u,;,,  l;,ili,  ;  in-  ei,:,,;    ,  niei,:  ..;  • 
rnited  ^tate-  o\er  ih.-  i  -rriloiA.  \\hal   nil!  I.,-,  .,ni,    ,,;    M,, ::u,,, 


|!l    the    til   M     i--l|e    o]     ihe      I 

••  \\',-  -h  ill  .1  1'."   ,,:•• 
u'l.-a!     !'•  in  .  U"p'i 

'  1 '  i  i  o  m  a  -  .  I  ••  1 1  •  •  I ' !  i  i ' 

-_,re||e|  a!         |  ..  i  A  -.      I'      i    •  '    i  .! 

\\liich  i:   -A   .-  ,  -t  i(.':-  ,e  i 

I'll'-    t.    S\      IM   !    '.enei    ,;, 


656  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

existence,  were  upon  the  bright  summit  of  glorv,  and  have  lived  till  this  late 
da\ .  an-  \\  illin^  I"  exclaim  that  our  .•>•</.»•/•  ///  of  government  has  eminently  ex- 
ceeded the  most  sanguine  expt •ctations  of  those  who  achieved  the  glorious 
\  idor\  upoiiuhich  il  \\as  established,  and  became  an  object,  not  only  of 
admiration,  but  of en\\  and  emulation  b\  all  the  world. 

"ll  js  then  tore  niir  dul  \ .  rendered  imperious  by  the  position  we  occupy 
as  .i  nat  i,,n.  lo  present-  for  its  character  as  pure  and  untarnished  as  the 
brk'hi  and  illu-lnoiis  spirit  of  lilierty.  which  dictated  its  existence  among 
Us  trainers,  and  >till  serves  as  a  beacon  li.Lrht  to  the  benighted,  and  a  home 
for  tlie  oppressed  of  mankind,  the  object  for  which  the  blood  of  our  fore- 
falheis  and  heroes  and  labor  of  our  ages  have  been  bestowed  to  obtain. 

••  In  regard  to  the  present  federal  administration,  we  unhesitatingly  de- 
clare thai  ue  will  wam- against  it  and  its  measures  an  unyielding  opposition. 
We  \\ould  banish  from  us  all  prejudice  cast  off  all  party  predilection,  and 
admonish  the  American  people  to  view  the  awful  and  deplorable  condition 
of  our  coimtr) .  brought  about  b\  the  short  federal  predomination  of  one 
>car.  and  ask  t  heiiiselx  es  if  this  is  the  'change  "  to  which'they  were  invited. 

"The  DemocracN.  who.  in  tr\  ing  times,  have  been  entreated  to  rally  and 
rescue  our  government,  must  appreciate  the  present  as  a  crisis  equally  im- 
portant.  and  prepare  1.1  restore  her  fi om  t he  dominion  of  an  unprincipled 
ami  reckless  political  party,  \\lio  are  now  plunging  her  into  debt,  disgrace 
and  dishonor,  regardless  of  consequences.  We  shall  endeavor  to  maintain 
a  courteous  hut  decided  position  in  regard  to  the  principles  we  intend  pro- 
mulgating, and  in  discussion  have  a  strict  observance  for  the  truth  of  what 
shall  appear  in  our  paper. 

"  With  these  remarks  we  throw  ourselves  upon  the  support  of  our  friends 
in  tin-  cause  of  Democracy,  and  by  an  honest,  fearless  and  independent 
course,  we  hope  to  merit  the  support  which  they  shall  be  pleased  to  bestow 
upon  us." 

Ill  !•:   o|. I)    sTA  TK    HoI'sK. 

The  reader  \\  ill  ilnd  no  fault  with  the  writer  for  preserving  for  him  a  short 
histon  of  the  old  Stale  House,  ami  I  am  sure  he  will  value  the  "  Dirge  on 
the  Slat"'  House  I  Jell."  (.oyeriior  Chase's  speech  must  not  be  lost. 

Columbus  took  great  pride  in  Ibis  occasion  of  welcome,  and  the  historic 
data  referred  to  b\  <  ,o\  enmr  <  'base  are  so  important .  and  the  "  Dirge  "  so 
beautiful,  ilia!  the\  are  at  I  ached  \\  it  bout  furl  her  comment  : 

( )u  the  evening  of  the  Mb  of  January.  \^~>~.  there  was  a  superb  banquet 
uh  MI  at  the  I  ',i  pilot  b\  l  lie  cit  i/ens  of  <  'ol  ill  ill  HIS  to  I  he  members  of  the  legis- 
lature, heads  of  departments,  judician.  citi/eiis  and  strangers  a  mighty 
IhroiiLC.  \"i sj tors  were  seen  from  all  parts  of  the  state,  male  and  female,  and 
some  in'side,  a  prodiirious  crowd.  I  n  I'act  almost  evei'yliody  seemed  to  be 

tliel  e.  and   I  hi  \    U  ere   U'elci  illle. 

The  ••  ( 'leveland  I  ira\ s."  a  line  looking  company,  arrived  at  one  o'clock, 
and  wen-  receised  !•.  llic  "Slate  I'eiicible-."  of  Columbus,  whose  guests 
the\  \\eii.  '1'lie  two  companies,  when  marching,  made  a  splendid  api»ear- 
aiu-e. 

1  »ui  ,M'-,r  1  he  da\  .  I  he  Male  I  loiise  \\  a  s  d  u !  >  prepared  for  the  urea  t  convoca- 
I  inn.  A  II  chairs  and  I  urn  it  lire  \sere  removed  t  icin  the  halls.  The  rotunda 
had  been  an  hed.  ami  was  handsomelx  decorated  \\ith  tri-colored  muslin. 


»-\ d L,'ir<  n>.  HI-..  th«- tahl«-s  t'nr  the  t'i-:i>tiim  lii-ini;  \\  illiiti  it.  ;iii>l    pla<c,|   ii;  a 

si'tlli-i    lll'i'illm     I"!  111. 

Al  niulit  ttn-  \\)ii>!r  C'liti'c  \\.i>  liri!ii.!iill\  liu'!il»"'  iii'-Sii'liiii:  tin-  'I'-im-. 
U  til'  h  \s  ,!•>  lini  l\  i'liiiiii!i.it<-i|.  ni'l  -!i.i\\  i-'l  !•  •  „'!'•. i!  .t-T.  .111!  :i:.'i'.  "  Tin-  :»\\! 
a  t  i  M  i  <  1  i  1 1 1 1  •  i  1 1  - !  >  1 1  •  1 1 1 1  • -. . : '  1 1 .  '  ^  :  i  ,••'••....  s  .  •  •  •  1 1  r  i  - !  !  i .  i '.  !  •  •  1 1 


1 1  i>  m  rl.-  m \  \  en  a:;  i  •  i -a 
ihf  >t.iii-.  lo  li!«-  ri.i'Mial  ui  |I-.»I 

I-  r  .in  kilt  i  i 'i  in  III  ^  .  li:>\  »•   i  N^!    fXt 

I ;  u .  i  >  \  i  •  i  \  hi   1 1 ; ,  i  i   i !  i  •  •  i  • : ; 

^    .'••    n|'  I  Iif  >t;i|i-  L'"\< 'I'll  MM  I:'    1- 

ii|  "ii  v.  lin  ii  i  In-  -!::ir  i-;t]iiii-!  i 
iii  ihrir  ii-lluu  i  11  J/i'ii  -  .if  ii'.ln-i 


"In  i  hen  iiaim-.  -ir.  I  thank  \  "H.  I  n  tlr-ir 
uln'-c  "i.;.!ii  sun  arc;  MI  tiicir  n  MIIC  1  tliaiiK  : 
'•arc  !  !ii  -  plc;i-  .in!  I'rM  i\  a!  lia-^  1  n-cii  p;  •  >\  \<\<-  i .  I 
pic  "I  !!<••  >lai.  '  ni1!'!  in-  hdr  I"  pai!  iiMp-.ti-  in  it. 

I  liinu-     \s  lici  i  i  ii     \>.  i      ij  i  il,  :  .      \\ .      ri  nicinlic! 
.r_rcc. 

••  ( )\,-i   i  In •  -.ill--  ,  .|  a  r;t  \  in  s,  ,,i :  ii:,i  ,in   ••  .ippi-;n .   I .  an.l    pci  lnp-N  app- •.  i  > 
MIISV  .  !  !ii^  in-i-i  ipl  n  MI.    "!.•'•'•       ••!•'.  \  ',>'.]<'•   ].<.\.'  '<*'.   >-\>\\    •»  MI 

.  :.-  ilaiiu!:!'  i  •  :  <  )|iin.  nali\'-  "I  a'l«.pl'  i.  MI  l!i'->  ''it\  .•!'  in  1 1>.-  <••  mnt :  .  .  a! 
1,'Mitc  IM  ,il"'i.'.'l.  h\ '  an.',  -ii.iil  ii'. .-.  i".  • -i  I'H--!  i  a !..!  •  •'..  :  !••:  M  n!  .;!:••  \\  L:  ni 
..- •  p. :  at  ii  MI  '  I .;  i  (  >;i  n  i  I  i  •  -i  i:  I  -n." 

A  '  •  ni  in  \  , iu".  (  Miii'  \s  a--  a  I'ri  in  li  il»ini-i:t»>i.      l'i  ••'•.  .1;  ^.it.'lu-- 

.   IMI  ll'c  Ni.nni!!'.-.  thi-ii  li'.-  Mi:;ini-:   al    I.-  ..  .   ;'i.  •;    I'-.  -  ;:;'    I  -i.-  :   al    I';;-- 


658  HISTORY    OK    SENECA    COUNTY. 

hela  :  the  latter,  indefatigable  in  his  endeavors  to  rouse  attention  to  the  im- 
portance of  extending  Knglish  coloni/.ation  beyond  the  Alleghanies,  confi- 
dently predicted  that  the  country  between  the  Lakes  and  the  Ohio  would 
•  become,  perhaps,  iii  less  than  another  century,  a  populous  and  powerful 
dominion.' 

"  The  efforts  of  Franklin  were  partially  successful.  .Vine  years  later  the 
French  dominion  had  passed  away  forever.  By  the  treaty  of  Paris,  of  17t>3. 
France  ceded  to  ( i  real  Britain  all  her  North  American  possessions  east  of 
tin'  Mississippi. 

••  I !ul  the  substitute  for  French  eivili/.ation  proposed  by  ( Jreat  Britain  was 
barbarism.  Alivad)  jealous  of  the  increasing  strength  of  her  American 
colonies,  or  believing  that  they  would  be.  commercially,  more  profitable  if 
coniiiied  to  the  Atlantic  slope,  she  attempted  to  restrict  their  westward  ex- 
tension b\  a  Ko\al  Proclamation  prohibiting  settlements  west  of  the  Alle- 
ghanies. 

••ruder  the  effect  of  this  proclainat  ion  ( )hio  remained  a  wilderness  for 
twenty  \ears.  until,  in  l~s;>.  another  treaty  of  Paris  annihilated  British  do- 
minion within  its  limits,  and  transferred  its  possession  to  the  American  Re- 
public, then  first  acknowledged  as  an  Independent  member  of  the  Communi- 
ty of  Nations. 

••  A  new  era  was  now  to  begin  its  course.  Anglo-Saxon  civilization  and 
Republican  institutions  were  now  to  take  the  place  of  savage  barbarism. 
Plans  of  emigration  and  settlement  were  promptly  devised  and  adopted.  At 
the  mouth  of  the  Muskingum.  between  the  Miamis.  and  on  the  borders  of 
Krie.  the  noble  old  pioneers  of  the  west,  many  of  them  distinguished  officers 
and  soldiers  of  the  revolution,  commenced  tin-  work  of  subduing  the  wilder- 
ness. Regular  institutions  of  government  were  organized  under  the  ordin- 
ance of  17>7.  and  that  grand  career  of  development  and  progress,  which  has 
so  far  outstripped  anticipation,  was  fully  inaugurated. 

"  Another  twenty  years  passed  away,  and  Ohio  was  a  state  of  the  Ameri- 
can I'liion.  Her  lirst  public  act  recognized  the  inviolability  of  personal 
rights;  the  sacredness  of  private  obligations  :  the  absolute  freedom  of  con- 
seience.  and  the  indispensable  necessity  to  good  government,  of  religion, 
morality  and  knowledge.  I'pon  these  stable  foundations  she  has  built 
wiseh  and  prosperously.  I  need  not  recite  her  recent,  history:  you  know  it 
I.  No]- need  I  remind  \oii  of  her  great  works  of  improvement,  of  her 
ral  provision  and  orgaiii/ation  of  education,  or  of  her  noble  charities.  It 
noiiuh  to  sa\  tha!  'acentun  '  has  passed  and  the  prophetic  anticipation 
of  I-' rank !  in  is  ni>  ire  i  han  fulfilled  . 

"Permit  me  no\\  tot  urn  from  this  brief  reti-ospect  of  our  general  history 
to  that  \\hi''h  forms  the  special  interest  of  this  occasion. 

"  For!  \  -live  \  ears  a^o  t  he  >pnt  on  which  we  now  stand  was  covered  by  the 
priinex  al  l>'p--.i .  "The  L;e!ifi'a|  assembly  of  isli  lu'.  ordained  the  estiiblish- 
ni'-m  upnii  it  nf  the  ^eat  of  L:'O\  eminent  lor  the  >!ate. 

"  The  I'M  11  ud a!  ion-,  of  I  he  old  Slate  House  were  laid  the  next  year.  Three 
>  ear>  later  il  \sa>  read\  for  occupancy,  and  was  actually  occupied  by  the 
legislature  \\hich  assembled  in  Itecembei'.  l^ii;. 

"  In  thai  edifice  for  thirty-live  years,  the  general  assemldy.  invested  not 
onl>  wii  1 1  the  whole  power  of  legislation  hut  with  the  whole  power  of  appoint- 


AI'I'KNMX.  659 

riHMit  alsn,  directed  the  government  of  tin-  state.  Tin-  new  constitution  \v;i.s 
adopted  in  the  fall  of  Is-'il.  and  .-i\  months  lat«-r.  tin-  old  Stal«-  House,  as  if 
im\\  illiii'4  to  >nr\  ive  tin-  old  conMilut  ion.  peii-dieM  b\  lire. 

•'<  >f  the  stone  tablet-,    whii-h    uciv    i u-,ei  ti-d  in  t In-  u .» II  o\»-r  each  lioui    of 

entrance.   t\\  o  ha\  e  brell    ple-,cr\  ed.       The    in-,c|  'iptiolis    l||ioli    thflll    ctllloll>U 

illustrate    the    hone-,1     manline-,-,    and     straightforward    pt  incipl.--,    of    the 
pioneers. 
"  The  inscription  o\«-r  tin-  we-i.-i  n  entrance  was  tln->  : 

"  '  (  idiera!  u'ood   the  object   of    /,'  </'>'"''"". 

perfected  by  a  kiio\\  lrclur.-  of  ni.in'«.  want-N.  an<l 

.V -itur.  '.-,•  alioiiirlin^  la  •  iii-^  ap|ilii>!l  l>\  ••-•t.ihli^hiiiLr 

pri  in- i  pies  O]I|IO-M-I|  to   M' •  m  •/, •>'•!.'  "     l.r  IM.OVV. 

'' ()ver  the  southern  and  priir-'ipal    fiitr.ni' •<•.    \\cir  iii>i-nl>ed  «.c\rral  lines 

by  the  poet  of  tin-  ( 'oliiinliiad.  pi-rhap^.   copi,-,|    fr that  \«T\  patriotie  Imt 

most  iinreadahle  epii1.  the  -,.-m  imciit-s  of  \\hir'n  will  be  admitted  to  l>e  ex- 
cellent, whatever  ma\  he  s:iid  of  the  po^trv  : 

"  '  Kijuality  of  Ivi-^ht  i^  Nature's  plan. 

And  following  Nature  is  tin-  mareh  of  man. 
Based  on  iN  mek  of  riirhl  >  our  t-mpire  lies. 
(  >n  walls  of  \\  isdom  1ft  the  fahrie  ri>e  ; 
1'ivM-rve  \oiir  pi'ineip|i-s  :  their  foree  unfolil  : 
Let  iiatimis  prove  them,  and  let  Kind's  ht-hold. 
Kit'i'  AI.ITY.  \oiir  lir>t  lirm  'j; rounded  stand  : 
Then  I-'IM:;.  Ku:<  i  IMS  ;  t  hen  \  ..in   l-'i:i>i:i:  \  i.  H  \  s  i>  : 
Thi>  hol\  triad  >hoiild  t'or-'\er  >hine. 
The  irreat  ( 'ompendiiim  ot  all  1!  iu'lil  >  1  >i\  i  ne. 
( 'reed  i  'i  all  school-,.  \\  henec  \ .  nit  li->  !i\   millions  dra\v 
Tln-ir  theme->  of  Kiirht.  their  deealo^'iies  of  la\\  : 
Till  men  ^liall  \vonder    in  the»e  eml.-^  inui.-d 
ll"\\  uai'^  \\eri-  made,  hou  t\  rant>  \\ere  i-ndured.'"      I'.A  i:  i.<  >w. 

"  l!  >eem^  tint  oiir  -iurd\  father.-,  t!ioii_;!it  th  it  l!i  •  UIH.|  •  J-'.-di-ral  '  uas 
liable  to  m i--eoiiri-pt  ion  :  \'<  <v  i  he\  c.n;>:-  I  i;  to  1«  •  er.t>  d  le.  p  tin!  inj  "\  (-r  it 
the  \\ord  •  I'liion.'  In  proee^  ot  i:nr  .  ho\\r\er.  Ihi-  p.iin:  ua-!ied  oil  \\hat 
a  \\arninu  !'u^  to  po!i;ii-ian>  !  and  l!i--  \\oj-  1  •  |-V  Irial  '  n-ai«|>.-.ire.l.  a>  ori^'- 
inall>  enma\ed. 

••  With  the  (  M.I  i  ^  i  \  ii-.  II"!  -i:.  and  the  <>'.•!    < '  «:i  -  it  -i:  i  -m.  !  •:  inuialed   an 

fpnell   ill   I  lie  hi^io|'\    of  olir  -.t   li-'.   to    \\  !i  i.-li     her  ehildivil     U  i!!  e\  er  look    hack 

\vith  pat  i  iot  jc  |iri.|c.      |-'.\  en  im\\   llc-ic    ^eem    to    p  i--  1  .«•; . .; ,    IIP-  t  he  form-,   of 

III!1    llollle    Hie]  |     \\  1|0    111    t-  |e    |[     1  !  i  U  ^ !  !  i  o  i|  ~- .         T!l''!  •'   111    •    I'  •'  I  I  '.  I    (III.    !'     '!l    • '.  V    I     S\   !  t  !  ! 

the  eon  Ii  den  ei  .  ,\  \\  a  >l  i  i  iiu' !  "ii  :  I  In  re  1 1  a-ri  >"ii .  iiiau'isaii  Mill 'ii-,  in  t  hoii^ht  and 
heroic  in  deed>:  tin  re  \\oiihiiijion.  tip-  fri.-nd  •>!  .le|fer-,on  :  liieic  r.mnet. 
\\  i>e  ill  le^i  >!ai  ion  and  upi  uli!  :n  majiM  i  a  \  :  '  he; .-  i  h<  hoi ,•••>;  aiid  nifM'lli>h 
Morrou  :  there  Vance,  taithtul  \«  e\e;-\  irn--!  ;  tlp-ic  th.-  •.-,  mi  on-  and  elo- 
ipient  L>  tie.  too  .-ai  U  |o>t  ;  then-  the  aeeotnpli>hi-'l  Hanier.  ^paied  !•>  the 
sword.  Imt  felled  l«\  disease  in  .1  toid-n  land;  tin  n-  M'M  1 1 -.  t  In-  tVarless 
trilmne  of  the  people  ;  tln-ie  <herman.  e\c|ianuin_'.  ln-foi(-  l;t'e\  noon,  tin- 


660  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

ermine  for  tlif  slii-uinl  :  there  Hitchcock,  clear  in  judiiment  ami  inflexible  in 
integrity:  and  tin  IT  Imt  1  must  break  off  the  enumeration.  Time  would 
fail  me  were  1  to  attempt  to  name  even  halt' of  those  whose  elevation  of 

character.  pnrii>  of  purpose,  sagacity  in  council  and  viiror  in  action  distin- 
guished that  period.  Happ\  shall  \\  e  he  it'  \vc  pro\t-  ourselves  worthy  snc- 
ressnrs  ui'  such  men." 

Those  uho  n- UK  ml't  r  tin  clear  ami  of!  admired  tones  of  the  old  capitol 
iicll.  \\iil  not  regret  ihe  insci  lion  ot  the  following  appropriate  dirge,  taken 
i  run i  on,-  of  tin-  Coin  m  !>i  is.  jiapcix.  as  an  appendix  to  this  hook  : 


niiiu-:  or  TIII-:  STATK  norsi-: 


Columbus,  farewell  !  no  more  shall  you  hear, 

M\   \  oice  so  familiar  for  many  a  year 

Those  musical  sounds  which  you  recoLjni/ed  well. 

As  the  clear-soundiiiLi,'  tones  of  your  State  House  Bell. 

Kre  the  p-d  man  had  u;oue.  I  was  mounted  on  hiyh. 
When  the  wide-spreading  forest  whicli  greeted  mineeye, 
(lave  forth  from  its  thickets  the  panther's  wild  yell. 
As  he  heard  the  strange  sounds  of  \oiir  Slate  House  Bell. 

l"nafcomj)anied,  unanswered.  I  sounded  alone. 
And  mingled  my  chime  with  its  echo's  deep  tone  ; 
Till  spire  after  spire,  rising  round  me.  did  swell 
Their  response,  to  the  sound  of  your  State  House  Bell. 

I  called  \ou  together  to  make  yourselves  laws, 
Anddaih  m>  \oice  was  for  even  n'ood  cause  : 
When  alight  of  importance  or  strange  was  to  tell. 
You  were  .summoned  full  soon  by  your  Mate  House  Bell. 


As  a  sentinel,  placed  on  the  watch-tower's  height. 
Columbus.  I'\e  \\atched  thee  li\  da\  and  by  iii.^ht 
Thoiiiili  si  1  1  mb'rinjf  unconscious.  \\  hen  danger  hefell. 
^'on  \\ere  roiist  d  h\  the  clanu'  of  \oiir  State  House  Bell. 

Bi.t  \\  liile  I  watched  o'er  you.  tin    I-'ire  Kin.u  came. 
And  enveloped  m\  to\\er  in  his  mantle  of  llame: 
*>  ft.  ti'ue  iii  m\  i-allinu.  m>  funeral  knell 
Wa>  tolled,  on  that  uiLflit.  b\   \  our  State  House   Bell. 


You:'  si^iis  ii|'  the  I-lnp'i 
A  lid  prompt  a  1  m\  call.  (|  nick  1\  luistened  to  sa\  c 
But  alas]  |||..j|  he>l  ell'oits  \\ere  fruitless  to  (jiicl 
Tin  llanies  lhal  COM-  o\er  \oiir  Mate  House  Bell. 


M,  i 


Whrn  in\  Cupola  tiviniilf 
Our  |  it -a  I  iif  I'aii'u  t-1!  in  \  ntir  tlii 
lint  \mi  l»^[.  ;\^  'nii'l^t  li!iili--i>  . 
Tin-  ia-t  ->nii'!h.-n.l  I..MI-  »\  \..m 


APPENDIX. 

NO.  -..>. 


THE  TIFF  IN  PAPERS  JOURNAL  OF  THE  CONSTITUTIONAL  CONVENTION  — FIRST 
MESSAGE  OF  THE  FIRST  GOVERNOR  TO  THE  FIRST  GENERAL  ASSEMBLY 
OF  OHIO  MESSAGE  OF  1*03  -MESSAGE  CONCERNING  THE  ARREST  OF  THE 
BURR  BLANNERHASSET  EXPEDITION  TIFFIN  IN  THE  UNITED  STATES 
SENATE  ELECTION  OF  SPEAKER  OF  HOUSE  OF  REPRESENTATIVES  OK 
OHIO. 


TIIK   TIFFIN    P APK US. 

Til  I-',  following  records,  papers  and  documents  pertaining  to  the  life  and 
public  services  of  (iovernor  Tillin,  \vere  collected  with  ijreat  care. 
They  are  so  full  of  historic  data  and  record  so  many  interesting  events,  that, 
\vliile  the  careless  reader  may  treat  them  lightly,  the  author  feels  sure  that, 
the  thinker  and  lover  of  history  will  value  them  highly,  and  for  his  especial 
hem-tit  has  called  them  the  '•  Tiflin  Papers." 

TIIK   KIKST  CONSTITUTION   OF  OHIO. 

lii. Inly.  17^7,  the  congress  of  the  I'nited  States,  acting  under  the  provi- 
sions  of  the  ••  A  rt  ides  of  Confederation,"  enacted  the  widely  known  "  Ordi- 
nance of  17^7."  for  ihe  government  of  the  territory  of  the  I'nited  States 
lyiiiLT  to  t  he  north  west  of  the  ( )hio  ;  and  this  may  he  said  to  have  been  tho 
lir>t  movement  towards  the  establishment  of  civil  government  within  that 
vast  region. 

I-' or  the  pin-pose  of  carrying  that  ordinance  into  ell'ect  and  of  or^ani/ing  <i 
territorial  ^overnni'-nt .  on  the  •">!  h  of  October,  17>7,  congress  appointed  ( i en- 
era]  Arthur  St.  Clair  uoveniur  and  \Vinthrop  Sargent  secretary  of  the  terri- 
t<m  :  and  a  lew  days  thereafter.  Samuel  Ilolden  Parsons,  -John  Armstrong 
and  .Janice  M  itclieli  Varnum  were  appointed  its  judges. 

1  )u i' in -_r  the  -.11  miner  of  17-s.  wit  hout  respecting  the  opinions  prevailing  at, 
tli.it  ti  me.  when  the  states,  as  >udi.  were  supposed  to  possess  more  dignity 
and  more  pulili'-al  riu'hN  than  belonged  or  could  possibly  belong  to  an  unor- 
Lrani/ed  cMinmiinit  . .  even  \\hen  actiiiLT  under  siijiposed  l-'ederal  authority. 
I  lie  u;o\  i  1 1  n  if  iii  id  t\\ti  of  the  judges  of  the  territory  assembled  at  Marietta,  and 
comnii'iiced  \\luit  the\  i-diiceiveil  to  lie  their  duly  of  legislating  for  the  resi- 
dents  of  the  territory,  hut  their  enactments  were  disallowed  by  congress, 
because  ihe\  had  bei-n  frani'-d  without  warrant  in  law  by  those  who  pos- 
se>sed  no  pouer  to  enact  a  law. 


AlM'KNIilX.  60  i 

The  organization  of  a  nr\v  ailminislralinii  uinler  l'iv>iilriit  Washington 
was  follnwcil  >•»<>  1  1  aft«T  Ii)  a  !*•  •"rvjani/at  imi  of  Kit-  gn\«Tiimrtil  nf  tin-  imrlh- 
\vcsU-rii  tcniti>r>.  (trm-ia!  St.  »  'lair  ami  Mt-»rs.  Sarg''iil  ami  l';ir>n!is  having 
lifi-ii  ri'-appnintftl,  ami  Messrs.  S\  mini's  and  Turner  <-all«-'l  in  tin-  Ix-m  h  a.s 
judges. 

I  n  .1  uh  .  17  "i.  tin-  >i-<Tt-tai)  .  then  art  ing  a*  i;»\  <-i  imi  .  \\u\\  .Iii'lgrs  S>  nun*1* 
ami  Turner,  nn-t  a!  Vini'eiines.  and  ivpratrd  tin-  !'"!!>  "t  iln-  pn-\  i«-n>  £»\- 
ernineiit  liy  iMiai-ting  nthi-r  l.\\>  !"i  l!ir  ^«\  n  nnn-nt  ni  lli*-  inhabitants  of 
the  territor\  .  lunie  uf  \\liii-li.  In-  \\c\.  •!  .  \\.-n-  a|'|>i"i\r.|  \<\  ilit-  .  •nn/rf-.N.  IM-- 
caiisc  lhf>  li.i'l  ln-i-i;  ciiadcil  a.>  lUi^'inal  la\\  >.  ami  lia«l  nol  lu-i-n  a-l-'pt*-'! 

t'li  III  |   1  1  if  c\i>t  illli  i-nilr-  "!'    >t  at''-   II  :i'l'T    I  111-     pi  i'\  i>|n|l    i-l'    llll-  "  OlililiaillT  llf 

17>7."  u  lii'-li  \\  a^  tin-  iTiMiii'-  !.i\\   "I    I'M-  Ii-i  Ml"!  >  . 

I  n  I  lie  -mniii'T  nl  '  17:'-"i  a  i-o.|r  ..]  |.iu-u'a>  a-lnpli-il  iii!.iiiiiii'Hi>.l>  I'roiu  tin- 
i-iidfN  M|"  I  IK-  ->.-\  i-ral  Mali->.  a  in  I  :n  \1  •  >.  nii-li-r  liii-  pi.i\  i^i'jn  ••!'  Iln-  •'!  'Iniam-f. 
aii'l  tin-  lrrrili>r\  .  lia\  iiiLi  li\i-  tlinii^aii'l  v.lii'ii-  ni.ili-  in!ial'ila!ii>.  thr  lir>t 
ijctMTal  as>«-iuli!\  »!  I  In-  li-rrit"i  \  \\  a<>  ri'ii\  i-tifil  at  '  'IIP  iiiii.,1  1. 

In  IMHI  tin-  tiTriti'!>  \s  a^  <\\\  \>\r<\.  ami  ^""ii  afti-r.  iiii-a->uir>  \S«TI-  taki-n  to 
i>riiani/i-  a  >tati-  in  tin1  i-a>!--ni  \«>i  i  \»\\  "I  il  .  m>!  .  li"\\  •  \  ••:  .  \\  illnnit  >i>  -ti'i'ii'4 
an  n}i|>ii>itii'ii.  Imtli  in  tin-  i_ri'm-ni!  a>^i-mi>l\  ami  in  \ai!mi-»  part-  "t  tin-  t»-r- 
ritiT\  .  that  !ln-  n\i-)tlnv\\  »l'  tin1  -i-ln-ni11  '.\nnl'l  IUIM-  ln-i  n  i-i>nip!»-l«-  ami 
1-iiipliat  if.  liaii  tlin->i-  u  In  i  pr-inni'ii-'l  i;  .  I"i  i  in-ii  "\\  n  piirp"-,^.  »ni.ini:  ti-'i  tin- 
prop«>sitinn  i-ithi-r  ti>  tin-  ti-rritnriai  a-^i-inl'l>  nr  t..  i  In-  I>">1\  «\  tin-  inlialn- 
tants.  Anai-t  \\;i-  i-ru\\i|i-ii  iliicii^li  \\\>-  i-nir_'i  'i--^.  ln«\\  r\  i-i  .  n-it  \\  it  !i-taml- 
ilill  tin-  LTi-nt-i  'a  I  <>pj>"Ml  i"ii  \\)ii'-ii  \\.i>  Isinivsn  t<>  i-\ist  tint  li  in  ill*'  as>i-iulily 
ami  anii'iiir-I  i  in  pi-i-plf.  "  In  i-nalili-  tin-  p.-npli-  i-T  tin-  t-a-«t«-rii  .!i\  i->i.<n  ••!'  tin- 
U-rriti»r\  .  nm't  li\\  <->i  n!'  tin-  ri\  IT  <  >lm>.  I"  t'"i'in  a  mii-M  ilnl  inn  ami  >tat*-  x«\  - 
iTinm-nt  .  ami  !'•>:•  iln-  ailini^i»n  «\  ^m-li  -tat«-  intn  tin-  I  ni"ii.  mi  an  i-rpial 
t'nnt  iiiir  \\  it'll  tin-  "iiu'inal  slat  r-..  ami  I'M  d  In-i  pnrpi  •>.•-,  ;"  ami  "ii  tin-  Nt  nf 
N  n  vt-i  nt  icr  nt'  thai  >car.  tin-  rnnvciitinn  \\  hn-h  t  hat  a<-t  a-^nim-il  1"  ant  tmri/f 
im-1  ai  I  'liilliiMt  In-  ami  t'raim-ii  ami  t-na'-t«-il  liir  lir^i  ci.n-'tit  nti.-n.  .ill  nf 
xvhicli  \va>  ilmif  in  ilfliain-i1  ••(  ih  •  Km>\\  n  \\  ill  <•!'  tim-M-  it  \\a>  ili-^iL'in-'!  In 
•411  \  r-rn.  ami  \v  i>  !  liru-^t  npnn  tln-ni  l»\  !"!'•• 


ami  l.i-ai  -  tin-  !"i!"\\  nm  litN-  : 

"  ,|i  niriial  i  >t  I  h>-  '-nil  v  i  nl  inn  <  >\  '  !ii- 
\M-M  ..t  1  In-  I  »hi"  I'l-jiin  ami  In  I'l  a!  I 
Nn\finln  r.  \.  I>.  1-oj.  ami  "I  l!,--  i 
I  \\fiil  \  ->i-\  i-ni  I1.  I  'ni'i  :  -In1'!  i'\  anlln 


HISTORY     OF     SKMCA     COT: 


produce  this  very  important    western   document.  complete.   :nul    we  assure 
ourselves  tliat  "in  p-aders  will  l>e  ti'lad  to  see  it."     (  Kditor  Historical  Matsi- 


. 

.li  1  1    UN  A  1.  <>!'  'I  III'!  (ON  V  K  NT  ION  . 

I'.e^un  and  held  at  the  town  of  Chillicothe.  ill  the  county  of  I  toss  and  ter- 
r'tor\  aforesaid.  on  the  lirst  Monday  in  Xovenilier  hein.u  the  lirst  day  there- 
of in  the  \  ear  of  our  Lord,  one  thousand.  ei^ht  hundred  and  two.  and  of 
the  independence  of  the  1'iiited  States  of  America,  the  t  wenty-seventh. 

On  \\  liieh  da\  .  beiiiLC  the  time  and  ]>lace  appointed  for  the  meeting  of  the 
ruiivention  for  the  purpose  of  forming  a  constitution  and  state  government. 
li\  the  act  of  congress  entitled  :  "  Alt  act  to  enable  the  people  of  the  eastern 
di\  is  ion  of  the  territory,  northwest  of  the  river  Ohio,  to  form  a  constitution 
and  state  irovernment  and  for  the  admission  of  such  state  into  the  Cnion  on 
an  equal  footing  with  the  original  states,  and  for  other  purposes."  the  fol- 
lowing members  appeared,  who  produced  certificates  of  their  having  been 
diih  chosen  to  sen.  e  in  the  convention,  and  having  severally  taken  the  oat  h 
of  fidelity  to  the  Tinted  States  and  also  an  oath  faithfully,  to  discharge  the 
duties  of  their  otlice,  took  their  seats.  to  wit  :  See  the  names  of  the  mem- 
bers as  signed  to  the  constitution  . 

On  motion,  the  convent  ion  proceeded  to  the  choice  of  a  president  //;•«  t<  m. 
\\  hen  William  <  m  forth.  Ks<]..  was  chosen  and  took  the  chair. 

(  )n  motion,  the  convention  proceeded  to  t  lie  choice  of  a  secretary  /irn  l<  ///. 
u  hep-upou  Mr.  William  McFarland  was  chosen  and  proceeded  lo  the  duties 

of  hi>  otlice. 

<  Mi   mot  ion. 

/,'.  v-li-i  <!.  That  a  standing  conimitlc"  of  pri\  ilexes  and  elections,  to  consist 
of  live  members,  be  chosen  by  ballot,  whose  duty  it  shall  lie  to  examine  and 
report  upon  the  "Tedentials  <>f  the  members  returned  to  serve  in  the  conven- 
tion, and  to  lake  into  consideration  all  such  matters  as  shall  or  may  be  r<  - 
[erred  to  them,  touching  returns  and  elections,  and  t<»  report  their  proceed- 
ings. with  their  opinions  thereon,  to  the  convention. 

And  a  committee  was  appointed  of  Messrs.  Wort  hiim  ton.  I  >ar!inton.  Smith 
MiUi'_r;ui  and  1  1  nnl  iiiLT'oii. 

On  motion,  tlie  convention  proeet  ded  by  liallot  to  the  choice  of  _a  (loor- 
kei-per.  to  ser\e  during  the  pleasure  of  tlie  convention,  and  upon  examining 
the  !  ia  Hots,  a  majorit  \  of  i  he  \  otes  was  foil  mi  in  fa  \  or  of  Adam  Bet/.. 

(  MI  motion,  oidered  that  a  comiuitlee  of  three  lie  appointed  to  prepare  and 
report  rules  for  the  regulation  and  i;o\fi-|iiiient  of  the  convention,  and  that 
Messrs.  lit  i!\.  Milli'j-an  and  \\"o!-thi!i^toii  be  the  said  committee. 

A  nd  then  the  convent  ion  adjourned  n:i!  :1  to-mo;-ro\\  inorniiiirat  lu  o'clock  . 

Tiiesda\.    N'o\  ember  I'd.  I^dJ. 

Se\eral  oth'1!'  namiier>  apjieared.  \\lio  severa!l\  prodiicetl  certilicates  of 
iheii-  ha\  ii;^'  been  i  -host  -n  a  >  members  of  t  lie  convention,  and  having  taken 
fur  oath  of  lidelit)  to  the  i  "nited  States  and  also  an  oath  faithfully  to  dis- 
charge the  dut  ie-  of  tln-ir  oilice.  took  their  seats. 

MJ  .  Wort  liin:.'ioii.  !  i'"i,i  the  commit  t-  >  of  \<>'\\  ilexes  and  elect  ion  >.  to  whom 
\s  as  i  ci'fi  i  'i-d  tiie  -e\  i  ral  ret  urn>  ot  elect  joi:s  of  members  to  ,>er\  e  in  t  he  con- 
\  ei:  t  ;oii.  niad-  a  ri  port  .  which  lie  del  i\  eivd  in  at  the  secretary  "s  talile.  wliere 
tlie  ^.ini'-  wasre.id  in  tlie  word>  following-  to  wit: 


M'i'l   Si'lX  665 

"  Tin-  i-ommittff  of  pri\ilr/.->  and  i-'"i-!  ion-,  to  \\li-.ni  ua-  i.  I.-MI  d  th* 
(•••rt  ili  -at-  -s  of  th"  "h-' tii  Hi  ot  t!i  •  foM-'A  ;n/  MI  -MI'I  •;  -.  n  mi  -I  in  thi-  ••  J.un- 
ii  t !  "  h  IN  in/  car.-f  u!l\  «•  \aMiin--d  tin-  -  IMI  • .  :in  I  t  l;i-in  i  i-/u: ,u  an  I  a-/ii-<-  ihi  v 
to  a  lau  ol  I  hi-  ti-n  Urn  \  .  f  Ml  it  lr  I  :  •  A  n  ai-t  to  a-i-i-t  tain  tin-  nunibi-i  of  fn-i- 
mill-  inhabit  nits,  of  tin-  a-/i-  of  t  u  ,-Mt  \  -oii".  m  !  IP-  t--i  Titm  v  o|  tin-  I  nit«-<| 
<tal"-.  M"tth'.\"-t  of  tin-  ii\«-i  <»hio.  and  to  r.-L,Mil at-  th--  •  if  lion-  of  tin-  rvp- 
iv-  -nt  itiM--  ! '  •;  tin-  -  inii-.  and  that  th"  iii"mh--i-  a!oi"-aid.  !  '!'•  'in  t  h"  •  i-rtiti- 
i-atfs  to  u-  r.-fi-nv  I.  appi-ar  duU  rh-i-tcd. 

Tlii-  said  ivport  wa-  a'/ain  n-ad  and  on  th"  i|ii"^lioii  thi-ii-up'.n.  aiir»---i|  \>\ 
tin-  con\  flit  i'  in. 

(  Mi   motion. 

/,'  v, ,-',-.,/.  Th  it  tli-  i-on\i-i,tion  |no,-r.-d  b\  ballot  tot!,.-  ,-h..i.-.-  ..f  a  pn-si- 
dfiit. 

Tin-  i-on\ftition  ai-i-ordin-/!\  pro<T<-di-d  to  ,  hoo->i-  'In-it  pn-  -idi-i.!.  and  upon 
t'\ainination  of  tin-  ballot-,  it  was  found  that  Kdu  aid  T::!,n.  I  S<j, .  u  a->  dul\ 
clio-M-n.  who  ari-ordiii'/l)  took  tin-  sral  in  tin-  r!:  ur  and  di-ln.-n-d  tin-  jollow  . 
ititf  aiMivss: 

••  ( t  r.N  1  l.l  M  I  N  :  I  In-'/  s  mi  to  I..-  a>-;iii-d  thai  I  dulv  appi  •-.  -i.ili-  t  In-  lioni-t 
vou  lia\t-  i-onfi-iTi-il  in  -i-Ii"-:  in/  MH-  to  pri-^idi-  OM-I  M-UI  di-!il»  ration^  on  this 
iin|>ort-int  "«• -asioii.  Tin-  d;iIn->  of  th- •  i-li.iir  ui'i.l  pii--uni'-.  in-  pl'-a-in/ 
and  cas\ .  for.  from  tin-  kimu  n  i-hara'-t'-r>  of  t  ),.•  /.-nt  !i-nn-n  A  ho  ,-oni ]•••>.••  th.- 
i-onvi-iit ton.  tlu-rr  i-an  bi-  no  doubt  but  thai  tin-  utmo-.;  pi-ojirii-t \  and  di-  -..i um 
will  br  obsci  \i-d.  \\  it  limit  th"  ai'i  ot  iiii'-i  fi-n-n,-,-  t  ro;n  ;h.-  i-ltair.  \\"h.it.-\i-, 
nili'>  \  mi  m  r.  a  i"l't  t"i  t  h--  '/o\  ••nrn  -nt  ot  ;  h--  f on\  i-nt  ion  -ii  i'|  ).,-  -,j  i  j,  1 1-. 
ohsrn  i '!.  an  1  in  "\  i-r>  il"i'i->ion  ^^'"''l1  ma\  l»-  n-i|ui!'"l  1 1  "'n  •  hr '-hai: .  ttr- 
utni'1^'  impart ialit>  sliall  bi- c\  ini-i-d. 

(  >n   motion. 

/,•   .,,'.-./.  Tha*   tin-  i-oMYt-ntion  proi-ffd    b\  b  illoj  to  t  In- rlimn-   of   a --riv 
l,ir\ .  a?i  I  upon  <-\  iniinii:/  tii"  ballots,  i;  \va>  |.  mnd  !  h  it  Th"i.i  c-  ^  -o!t .  |-;,,( 
was  diil\    clio^fii.    ulio    tlirn-uiion    took    tin-    oath    ot     lid'litx    to  !  !i--  I 'nMi-  ; 
States  an  I  a'i-  •  an  oath  faithfullv  to  di-    h  n/"  tin-  dutn--  ot    In-  o;h'.-,-. 

( )n  motion. 

/,'  v,..v.  ,/,  Tliat  tin-  i-miv.-ntion  pr >••»••••  I  I",  ballot  to  : !,,-  ,  ;,oi,  .•  ,,(   .m  a>-ixj 
ant  si -i •]•!•;  in  .  and  upmi  c xaminin/  t  In-  ballot-  a   in  ti"! ;:  s  of  t  In-  \  o[i-,  of  t(,i- 
wlioh-  iinmbi-r  \\a- foiin  I    .n    ta\"i    of    \|  • .  \\  ;•!  MMI    \t-  I 'a' land,  u  h..  t  hi-n-- 
upon  look  i!!"  o  it  h  of  iidi-li!\   to  th"  I    '.:!•-!  --la!"-  and  ai-..<  an  ".tth  fa:thfull\ 
to  tli-'-liar-/.-  th"  .lutif-i  ••!  In-  mli,-,.. 

CoiiM-iition  adi"Uini-d  un!;l  ;••  iii-.r|-o\\ . 

\\  -     :-    •  -i   ,-,       \",  i'.-r    ;,i      !M,  ' 


Mii-iniii'i'  in    t  if  i-"ii\  fill  ion.  ain 

|  'nit"  1  >'  itf-    an  I    a  No   an    »:i\  !i    f  n:1 

nlli.-,'.  |o,,k  hi-   --•  t' 

Mi.  I!--:. 

ihi1  n-'/nl.it  ioi-  .Hid  -/oM-i-nnii  n!  <>'.  t! 
n.i'i-i\  i-d  and  :  i  ad.  u  h"!  --;i  t"  MI  . 

/;  ,,,',,  ,/,  '|'ii. r,  ;  in-  -ant"  i"-  •  -lai-l;  -ip-d  a> 
•.',,.  r,>n\  i-ni  i":i.     Th'-n  fo!!-i\\  t  In-  -landiii/ 


(><jf)  HIS  JOKY  OK  StNKCA  COUNTY. 

n  motion.  l«-ave  was  uiven  to  lay  before  the  convention  a  resolution  on 

the  subject  "t  fen;);;!*:  a  ionstitntion  and  state  government,  which  resolu- 
tion \\a»  recehed  aii'i  read  the  tirst  time. 

t  >n  motion,  the  -aid  resolution  was  read  the  second  time,  whereupon. 

/,'•  -  •  •'.  Th.i;  the  ronventi' >n  will  immediately  resolve  itself  into  a  com- 
mittee "i  the  whole  on  said  resolution. 

The  co;i\ention  accordingly  resolved  itself  into  the  said  committee.  Mr. 
(.ot'orth  in  the  i  -hair,  and  after  some  time  spent  therein.  Mr.  President  re- 
sinned the  '-hair,  and  Mr.  dofortii  reported  that  the  committee  hud.  accord- 
in.:  to  order,  h.id  ihr  said  resolution  under  consideration,  and  made  no 

amendment-*    thereto. 

The -.aid  re-.o';;it!oi:  \\as  then  amended  at  the  secretary's  table,  and  read 
tin-  third  lime,  and  on  the  .jiiestion  that  tin-convention  do  arrive  to  the  same. 
in  tin-  word-  follow  i;i-.  to-wit  : 

\VitKliK.\-.  ci'iivrre.-*  did  i-\  the  law.  entitled  •'  an  act  to  enable  the  people 
of  the  eastt  rn  divi-ion  of  jln- tt-rritor>  m>rthwfsl  of  the  river  Ohio,  to  form 
a  constitution  an.i  stat--  u'o\ .  riiiii'-nt .  an-i  for  the  admi>Mon  of  said  state  into 
the  I'nion.onan  e.jiia!  footini:  \\ith  the  original  state>.  anil  for  other  pur- 
po^.-s.  ;i;-o\ide.i  that  the  me!nl"-r<  «\  the  eonveiition  thus  duly  elected. 
aurreeaM\  to  tli'-  aet  afore>aid.  uh'-n  met.  shall  tirst  detei'inine  by  a  majority 
oi  til,  uliole  numi'er  electeil.  \\lietherii  be  or  be  not  expedient. at  this  time. 
to  fojui  ,i  coj^t it nt ion  ami  >tate  -^«\  eminent  for  the  people  within  the  said 
t«-rritor>  :  tlierefoiv. 

/»•..'  '••-'.  That  it  is  the  opinion  of  this  convention  that  it  is  expedient  at 
thi>  time  to  t  -mi  a  eon<titution  and  state  government. 

It  was  rex.l\ed  in  the  atlirmativf     yea--.  :iL' :  nays.  1. 

Th'-  ;  e.i^  and  n.i>-  t't-inu'  demanded,  the  vote  in  the  negative  was  Mr. 
Cutter. 

••  "v-c.  7.  NO  iie^'ro  or  mulatto  shall  ever  be  eligible  to  any  office,  civil  or 
military,  or  ^\\'>-  their  oath  in  any  court  of  justice  airainsta  white  person,  be 
siibjfrt  t-«  do  military  dut\  or  pa>  a  i-'ll  tax  in  tliis  state:  provideil  always, 
anii  it  i>  fuii>  'inderstimd  ami  declared,  that  all  n'-izroe-.  and  mulattos  now 
in.  or  uho  ma\  h,-reafti-r  reside  in  thi>  -tate.  shall  be  entitled  toall  the  priv- 
:!,•_',•-.  o;  citi/en>  of  thi>  -tat--.  n-»t  exeepted  by  the  constitution." 

Aii'l  i'ii  tlie  (jiii-stion  thereTi'pon  it  \\as  resolved  in  the  affirmative-  yeas. 
}•'  :  na>-.  !•-. 

A>e>  .  Abrani-.  r.aiduin.  l!',i:r.  P.\rd.  ( 'aldwell.  ( 'arpenter.  Don- 

a;-o-:.  irrnbi'.  Humphr-x .  Kirker.  MeFntiiv.  Massie.  Milli-an.  Smith.  Mor- 
r..\\.  Ti:!;«..  \V..,,  i-  an  i  W..rthiTii:i..ii. 

Na\-  Me—  .  Abb..!.  I'.iouu.  Cntter.  Dunlavv.  (iatcli.  ( ,i!rnan.  i  Joforth. 
Ili,!;;n  -:•  ..  Klirj.i-;.  !',.:•;.  I'Htnam.  IJeiiv  S;iru'«-nt.  ("pde-raph.  Wills  and 
\\  il-eji. 

(inn  •  a;  ;!••!•!•::  i. i- ,-..!.-:::  !•;:.>;.  i!e-;Lrnatin^  tlie  cjiialiiica- 

t;ikei,  ui' a!id  r»  ;n;  the  third  1 1  me.  in  order  for  its  linal 

1"~  <-••• 

i^ made    t"    amend    !!:••    -aid    article  b\  -;  rikin_f  out  after  the 

'  i   •'   -e\  elith    line  ol    the   lir-t    -ection    the   \\  o;'d>  fo]  lo\V  illLT  : 

'    rnaie  neiii-ot  -  and  mulattos.  no\\  r«--idiiiLT  in  this  terri- 
;  the  ;»•_•!•  , -f  ;  went) -one  >ears.  be  entitled  to  th»-  ri.L'ht  of  .suffrage. 


067 


if  th*>  "hai!  vi;:)iiii  '»n-  >*- 
of  lh«-  •••<  iii'.y  u:  whir*,  :h'- 
pail  rrr  an-  '•har?*'!  •*;th  ^  »:.tV  .r  '••;!.:>  TJX 

Ii*-x.-'v»^!    ir.    :h»-   ,»:*.rru  »:;%>-     ;.»-.i.«.   1     .  ni>«.  IT.     Th«-  •*•  ::  vr-r>::..u  t»-;nz 


— -:.t 


HISTORY    OK    SKNK.CA    COUNTY. 


From  Clermont  county     1'hilip  (iatch.  James  Sargent. 

From  Fairli  J.d  county     Henry  Abrams.  Kmanuel  Carpenter. 

From  Hamilton  county  .lolm  W.  Urowne.  Charles  William  Byrd.  Francis 
l)iinla\  >.  William  (ioiortli.  John  Kitchel.  Jeremiah  Morrow,  John  Paul, 
John  Keiley.  John  Smith.  John  Wilson. 

From  Jefferson  county  Kmlolph  Hair,  Ueorge  Humphrey.  John  Milligan, 
Nathan  I'pdc-Taph.  !  la/a  he]  Wills. 

From  IJoss  county  Michael  Baldwin.  James  <  Jrubb.  Nathaniel  Massie. 
Thomas  Worthiic-rton. 

From  Truniiiiill  county     David  Abbot.  Samuel  lluntington. 

From  Washington  county  -Kphrann  Cutter.  Benjamin  Ives  (iilinan.  Jolin 
Mclntire.  Knfus  I'utnain. 

William  Creiirhton.  Jr..  secretary  of  state  :  salary.  S"i<H(. 

THi:     KIK^T     MKSx.\»JK     OK    TIIK     KIKST    OOVKKNOIt    OK    OHIO    TO   THE    FIRST 
l.KNKUAI.    ASSKM15LY    OK    OHIO. 


(  .  i-:\  i  I.I:MKN  OK  THK  SI^N.-VIT.  AND  OK  'niK  Ilorsp;  OK  UKI'KKSKN'I'A- 
ri\'i>  :  NVe  now  exhibit  another  sovereign,  free  ami  independent  state,  or- 
vjani/ed  nortliwest  of  the  (  )hio.  which  is  about  to  be  added  to  the  confederate 
ifoveninient.  emphatically  styled  "  the  world's  best  hope  :"  many  of  our  citi- 
/>MI->  have  looked  I'orward  to  that  period,  and  not  without  reason,  when  they 
should  become  a  five  people,  and  I  sincerely  congratulate  vou  and  them. 
that  the\  have  now  an  entire  legislature  of  their  own  choice,  assembled 
under  a  constitution  sacred  to  liberty  :  a  constitution  which  rests  upon  equal 
rights  and  displays  a  pure  representative  system,  a  constitution  whereby 
the  rulers  are  derivable  from,  and  amenable  to  the  people:  a  constitution 
calculated  to  excite  in  all  our  citi/.eus  a  patriotic  y.eal.  by  .irivini;  each  indi- 
vidual an  opportunity,  by  merit,  of  beimj  called  upon  to  participate  in  the 
government,  that  all  may  strive  habitually  to  feel  and  distinctly  understand 
its  lirst  principles. 

Th-.-  period  wherein  we  commence  our  national  existence  is  peculiarly 
auspicious;  tlie  government  oi  the  I'nited  States  respected  abroad,  strong 
in  the  conlidenc"  of  its  eiti/.ens  at  home,  and  by  a  wise  and  prudent  policy  in 
loppiii'.r  otV  all  extraneous  excressences  from  the  liody  politic,  reijuii'es  less 
lineal  exactions  \«  preserve  it  HI  its  pristine  health  and  constitutional  vigor: 
the  Lr":>d  eff"ci>  result  iis'4  t  lie  re  from  to  us.  in  our  first  essay  towards  self-gov- 
ernment are  evident  :  and  ii  i-  a  pleasing  reilection  that  the  sons  of  Ohio. 
r  solicit  u  le  and  lively  interest  manifested  for  the  happi- 
fe\er\  portion  of  the  American  people  as  well,  are  fast 
ow  cil  i/.ens  in  t  lie  other  stales  towards  a  union  of 

in^ivN!)  KOI:    \   11:1:1:  I-A>-A<;K  'ro  TIIK  SI-;A. 

The  iv-cent  emban'a>^ments  to  our  infant  commerce.  oc<'asioned  by  the  irvey- 
u  la;  ii  ie-,  a;  N'ew  Orleans,  we  ha  \e  every  reason  to  believe,  will  soon  lie  removed 

b\  the  prompt  and  eilicacioiis  measures  taken  by  the  pi-esident  of  the  I'nited 
xiates.  and  \\  hieh    !ia->    been    aided  b\  the   minister  of  his  Catholic  Majesty. 


U'I'l-NI  'I  V  669 

that  our  situation  will  In-  lii-lti-H'il.  bs  phu-ini;  mil  rninim-m-  on  a  footing  nut 
liable  to  similar  intf  rruption->  in  future.  If.  lio\\, -\ei.  tin-  ju-l  and  natural 
,-  xp'-rtat  ion-,  of  4o\  i-i  niip'iit  ->hmild  \»-  fi  u->iiat«-d.  sve  an-  ron-M'|c,|  |i\  tin- 
lis  .-Is  ^••iiMbihts  i- \eited  in  tip-  •^••a-  ral  4"S  i-rnup  n! .  a  IP!  MI  >-\<-\\  p.u  t  of  tin- 
I  nion.  lii  tin-  -.it  uat  imi  ol  '  In-ii  s\  ••••;••!  n  bit -I  !nvn.  a  IP  I  all  liMii^h  <•  s  ••!  \  t !  :>-iii! 
!o  liumani:>  in. is  Lase  to  ii  ^r.  ;  :!:••  d.  nr  i  n-^  >:t,  s.  I  it  i-.  a>  mu'-h  nn)*"- 
-ihif  to  p|-r-\.-ni  t|i<-  M  i---'>Mpp:  'i.. in  •  -••Iiai4'ir4  it-  <a->'  ••••nt'-nt  *.  -\\'-ll«-.! 
u  ith  tip-  nniip-i  OI|N,  n;.s  i -4. ili;  •  ;  i  •.  :  -,  \s  i:  i,  \\  h .  1  t  i  >  u>''iri>he'l  in!-  •  I  IP 

n  i  mini'  \    I  has ,-  no  don  h; .  t  ho-,,-  i  iias  P  an  i    oil  i  --p:  I   ''it  i-'i-n-    \\  !i-  >  arr  ,-\  «•;  \ 
wli-'iv  -"-I!  !>•  I  i  IM  III  •!!'  'n  IM'\  •>  an  I  !'•••'!  1 1.  •    pi  nn  •«  t :   >'ii   .i->->  -r:  1114  '  h-'ir   nalui'.ii. 
aipl  ai''|ini'.-  I  n_rht  •».  an  I  for.  in^  u  i!  h  i  IP-  -t r.-am  tip    fruit'   -•:  tii'-ir  in.|u-.ti  \ 
to  »-\  t-r\   par!  of  t  hf  \s  orhi . 

In  -^iviipj  to  ihf  ^I'lP'iMl  a^>rinl'h  inf.>rmati.tn  "f  \}\<-  ^t.it--  ..,"  th>-  i;ovi-ni 
iip-nt  HP!  ri-'-mu:iit-uiiin4  to  thnr  i-on-!-!. -ration  ^n  -h  in--  i>'ii'-  a-.  ma>  \>- 
ilfi-nifl  t-xpi-  lii-iit.  a  wi-lf  fp-M  of  artit'ti  niu^:  n>-f«-«-.aril>  i-  •  op.-ni- I.  an) 
.li>.-ovi-r  tip-  important  .Inti.-s  .|.-\ol\  in  4  mi  tip-  ;ir-l  i>-4i>l-i!  ''ir.-  ;  th"  fotiipla- 
tion  of  tin-  ^M\I  rniui-nt  i»  laid  :  to  \mi.  ^<-:t\  It-ni'-n .  t:  i-  '•mniii'::«-l  to  iai>i- 
the  siipfi'Mnn-iiuv.  ami  cai  r\  in  a  ^n-at  im-a^ut  ••  into  ,-|f.-,  t  ;  h.-  n. it  ion  a!  \\  ill. 

It  u  ill.  no  limit  it .  afford  \  mi  inm-li  rmi-.o|atimi.  mi  r«-'-f  i\  inu'  fioni  t!n-  prop,  i 
oilii'i-r-..  a  ^lal--iip-iit  of  our  lin.iip'i-^.  in  di>-  »\  i-rinvj  'ha'  HP-  pr.-^i-nt  r.-\fiiui-. 
i!  ulmlls  n-fi'v  ••'!  I'm-  stair  purjio>.'^.  i->  adfiju  at.-  To  all  t  h.-  iP"-r-^ar\  i-\;- 
Ui-ni'if  •>  o;  <_;o\  ••!  ninriit .  and  ilia!  li\  atrip1  f.-mioin  \  .  i|»-\  .-id  of  pai  •Min»n%  . 
t  In-  publii-  tail  h  ,,ii'l  rr.'ih!  inav  bt-  ma;nlaiip  d  u  it  limit  ans  additional  air., 
IIP  MI  tat  i' ')'  in  I'onsfipif  nn-  ..f  ;  h  il  I'li.iii-^i  u  ii  i-.-h  h  i>  t.ikni  piai'f . 

1'h  i-  fun -I  it  'M  imi  ha\  in -4  a»i  41  P-  i  to  i  h.-  lt-_ri  Mat  mv  th.t-  appo-nl  IIP  nt  of  ail 
thi-  principal  oili  •»•  rs  in  tin-  L,''".  rnnip-ni .  ;  ha!  i  n^t  riinp-n;  \\  ill  iion-.r,pic  nt  1> 
jia-«-.  in  i'p vii-\s .  and  in  'In.'  t inir  o:-fiip\  t  hi-  -,i-n.ni>  at tt-nt  ion  of  bot h  hmi^f^. 
I  ndf  i  the  i -oil-,:  it  ut  ion  of  tin-  I  nil.-  i  ^tatf  ^.  soil  u  ill  al>»  lias  i  !o  >i-l,-,'t  \\\  ,< 
ill'  oil!'  fit  i/fll-i  to  I'rplVSrllt  the  >i  a  If  ill  lip-  Sf  ll.lt  f  of  t  llf  I  II  i  tfd  Slato  fol 

six  yi-ars,  ami  to  pni\  idi- b>   la\s   foi   i  In-  ,•!,•<•:  im;  of  on.-  np-nib.-!  .•! ':  In-   IPHI-I- 
of  i'epi'f»-n'at  is  !•«,. 

Tin-  la  s\  >.  l.-s  s  :nu'  a  tax  on  land  .  tip-  prineipal  -.mn'.'f  f  i .  >ni  ss  hi-ip-t-  t  h»-  ri-\ 
IMI  lit-  ha>  pro, -i -i -i  It- 1 ! .  '  x  pin  11-4  ol '  t  hrin^-ls  e^.  sou  \s  i1 1  di>i-o\  t-r  the  111- ef^^il  s 
of  tal\iii'4  t!iat  -.tibii-i-t  under  t-on-«ii!"ra!  imi  ;  and  a>  fXpi-rii-n-'f  ha>  poin'ed 
on!  the  del,  i  ;  >  ss  hi  •! i  has.-  hi-n-'oiJ'mv  ,-xiMrd.  smi  ss :!'  i.e  h.-r.-l is  aided  ii. 
.  ie\  i-i  1 1 '4  a  -  .  -  I  -in  of  ;  i\  it  ;M|,  \\  hi-'h  Mi  il!  Mjx-rali-  <•  jii.i  1 '  -  mi  .ill .  a  IP!  be  in- 
e  s  pai  MI-  o|  m:  v  on-,;  ni'-I  ,-  MI  in  t'as  or  ol  an  s  .  \s  ho  eit  h.-r  f  i  •  ••!)  .!.-•,  1411  or  in- 4!,  rl . 
mas  tail  to  .nipls  \sith  lip  HI^;  uid  n.-f.-^-ai  s  i  '<-.|  u  i  -.;'  i> .;.  o|  4,1^,  MIIIP-H'. 
It  in;.s  a'.-o  In-  prop-  i  to  add.  :h  i!  nnd.  r  i-x:-.tin  law  >.  41''-. i!  n>-4!f,  I  ha-> 
bft-n  inanilf-tt-d  b\  Iho-.,-  uh..  !ia\,  alh-n  i!,-d  tl-  .  land  -.  ;  n  niaK  1114  I  In- 
pi '.'p.-r  1 1  an  -!••!  -  on  1  he  book  ,  i .;  iax.:t  IMM  .  •  h.it  >  <m  -i  i>  rai>le  '••  .I'.IMH-.  h..s , 
been  in.i  !.•  !  .  iiri:.;  bril-  in  th--  I  n;:  !  •>  n.:,  :  lia  ;  ;i;  I!  •  \  :rj;ni.i 

tni'i:  ,r.   ••    -  •    .       I  .11  ,,,.,i:-   ,,i    il,.     !    ..>•,;-•,•     ,  ,.,  '    ^v '.,    i,   i.  ,.  ..,.- 


f>70  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

with  certain  propositions,  is  dailv  expected,  and  which,  if  acceded  to  by 
them,  will  affect  this  suliject.  As  soon  as  official  information  is  received  it 
shall  he  itmiicdialely  communicated. 

The  constitution  having  made  an  entire  change  in  the  judiciary  system 
necessaiA.il  will  he  proper  to  direct  your  particular  attention  to  the  third 
article  of  thai  instrument  upon  this  snhject.  To  erect  and  establish  courts 
with  common  law  ami  chancery  powers,  with  civil  and  criminal  jurisdiction, 
at  uhose  bar.  life,  reputation,  property  and  everything  dear  to  freemen  may 
l»e  at  stake,  as  \\ell  as  to  till  the  benches  with  proper  characters  to  pronounce 
the  law.  and  to  provide  for  an  impartial  selection  of  juries,  are  of  such  vast 
importance  in  e\er\  well  regulated  government  as  to  re<|iiire  the  utmost  de- 
liberation and  caul  ion.  I  nder  the  same  article  it  will  be  necessary  to  pro- 
vide h\  law  for  the  election  of  a  competent  number  of  justices  of  the  peace 
in  each  township,  in  the  several  counties:  and  it  may  be  an  object  worthy 
\onr  enquir) .  whether  it  would  not  be  economical  and  judicious  to  establish 
each  county  into  a  court  to  manage  its  internal  concerns  and  regulate  its 
general  police. 

Within  one  year  after  tin  meeting  of  the  first  legislature  it  is  required  that 
an  enumeration  of  all  the  white  male  inhabitants  above  twenty-one  years  of 
age  shall  be  made:  it  will  therefore  be  necessary  to  provide  by  law  for  the 
accomplishment  of  that  object,  in  order  that  a  due  apportionment  of  sena- 
tors and  representatives  may  be  assigned  to  eac,h  county  or  district. 

A  well  regulated  and  disciplined  malitia.  being  justly  considered  in  every 
republic  as  its  safeguard  for  protection  and  defense,  I  cannot  but  recommend 
to  your  consideration  a  review  of  the  existing  laws  relative  thereto.  The 
first,  passed  in  the  year  IT'.i'.*.  is  a  good  system,  but  as  it  was  adapted  to  the 
stale  of  the  district,  when  the  Indiana  and  northwestern  territory  was  one. 
and  much  injured  by  a  subsequent  act.  passed  in  the  year  Isdl.  which  re- 
pealed that  part  relative  to  the  appointment  of  general  oflicers.  and  which 
the  constitution  now  recogni/.es.  it  is  suggestive  whether  it  would  not  be 
best  to  revive  the  former  law.  with  such  alterations  as  will  make  it  applica- 
ble to  our  present  situation,  aided  with  such  other  improvements  as  you  may 
find  it  susceptible  of.  as  well  as  to  provide  for  the  election  of  ils  otlicers. 

The  season  of  the  year  in  which  >ou  were  necessarily  convened  to  carry 
the  go\  eminent  into  operation,  being  inconvenient  to  many  of  you.  will 
doubt  less  excite  a  wi>h  to  curtail  the  present  session,  and  devote  your  inline-' 
diate  attention  to  such  objects  as  are  most  pressing,  and  more  especially  as 
there  j-,  reason  to  believe  \'>u  will  lie  much  importuned  with  business  of  a 
loeal  nat  ure.  from  difi'i  rent  parts  of  the  state  :  otherwise  it  would  have  been 
advisable  to  have  taken  a  re\  lew  of  all  the  present  exist  ing  laws,  many  of 
whieh  were  adopted  in  ihe  lir>t  and  enacted  under  the  second  grade  of  the 
territorial  governments,  requires  much  revision  :  one.  however,  adopted  at 
an  ear!\  p-rio-l  •  regulating  marriages."  wherebx  the  governor  is  exclusive- 
ly aiilhori/ed  to  grant  marriage  licences,  and  which  has  been  just  Iv  com- 
I  hope,  now  lie  expunged  from  our  code,  and  one  better 
ibjt  ct  oi 'its  inst  it  ut  ion.  and  more  congenial  to  the  spirit  of 
.  enacted  in  its  >tead. 

jiler  the  present    prosperous    situation  of  the  I'nited  States, 
•  our  o\\  n  present  and  future  prospect s.  sit uate  as  we  are.  in 


A!'l'»  SMX  671 

acountrv  where  nature  has  IK-CM  lavish  of  her  favms  to  r\ri  v  part:  v\h«-iv 
our  soil,  climate,  and  navi^aMe  wad-is  ptes.-ut  !••  tin-  mind  >'I  "l.s.-rv  alioii 
anil  ciiiitniiplatinn  the  inns  t  pleasing  \  iew  ainl  pmspi-i  ts  .,t'  tin-  t'nluir  ^r«-al- 
nrss  ami  impniiam-e  of  this  pail  .'I  thr  AIM. -ii'  an  cmpue.  «r  ha'.<-  mm-h 

ITa.snM    |n   rrll.lcr  the   si;irrlT   Immau'r  "f  ^'ralrt  111    hr.l  I  ts   I.,  that   lie  lie..'  \V  I  in   has 

->n  hiijlih  favmed  MS.  aii'l  r\rr\  imlii'-rin.-nt  I'M  tl^-  i-\i-!,-isr  in  impi  .«\  in^T 
these  means  m»w  within  mir  reach  tnwaids  tin-  h.ipptnr-.-,  ami  pm-p.-rtt  v  ««f 
mir  ciiiiiil  rv  . 

"  Keli-ji.  in .  Mini  alii  \  ami  knovs  Inl^r  arem-ressarv  I  nail  ^•«,- 1  /n\  ei  nmrnt-." 

sa>s  till-  i-\i-,-||i-Mt    ci  ills!  It  lit  lull     UMiiel      U  1 1 1 .   h      \nll   a  I'r    i  i  'M  '.  eli  •-.  I     411  I    In    lhl"> 

ijrc.it  truth  \\ e  lulls,  all  siilisri  ill,-.  1'ln-  lili>-ial  grants  of  l.m-l  nia-le  \>\  the 
I  niteil  Stali-s  |'n  i  tin-  pmpiisi-s  nf  i-i  T.-|  ui_r  an  I  .-!p|n\v  in-_r  universities  an-l 
oilier  sriuinari'-s  nt'  learning,  ami  I.T  ili>-  suj.pni'i  ni  r«-!i^mn.  ai'c  a  lvan'.n;rs 
in  the-e  i  I--PI-I  ts  siipeiim  tntli.isi-  \\lii.h.  pi-sliajis.  an-  nihi-:  n--u  rminlrv 
can  Imast  nt  ;  in  imprnve  thus,-  me. IMS  vviili  a-lvanli/--  tnvvai  -U  th>-  m»lil«- 

CIK  Is  In]'  Uhl.il  'vlieV  VM-rr  L' IV  ell  I  In  pi  i-s,  |  \  ,•  t  h,-  puMlc  t.lltll  1 1 1 1 1  III  pi'.H 'lie.  |  ; 
to  piai  'ti'-e  C'-nMiililV  ill  all  pIlMl.-  e\pe||.|ll  Ules  :  In  IMIp  is,  MM  !a\es  upnll  oltr 

cil  i/ciis  fi  M  stale  .  ii •  count  v  purposes  hut  vv  hat  are  reallv  uei'i-ss.irv  I'm  tlieir 
liom-si  v\  ants  ;  inrp'uivate  pi-a.  c  ami  hai  'mniiv  \\  ilh  mil  I  mlian  nei^hhors. 
ainl  !•'  e\eiu|ilit'v  lioth  in  our  jtulilic  ads  an-l  private  lift-,  l-iverv  .lispnsitimi 
towards  discountenancing  idleness  and  dissjp  it  jnu.  ami  l>\  i-ncoiii  airing  in- 
dnst  rv  .  I'riiL'alit  > .  ti'iiipi'i  am-c  and  e\  ri  \  m.  >i  a  I  virtu*'  ar»-  olij»-»-is  o|  such  im- 
portance In  mil  rising  repulilic.  that  Ihev  canmii  tail,  if  atlended  t.i.  .if  pm- 
dnciiiLC  the  lies  i  i  ll'i-rts  in  |ii|-Miiii-_r  I'm"  Us  a  ii  at  in  1 1  a!  di.  i  racier,  u  hi.-ii  mav  he 
tlie  adniiratimi  ••!'  all.  I  in  mv  part.  i_ri-iitleiu,-M .  vmi  mav  rest  assured  it  shall 
lie  m '  less  MIS  honest  pride  I  han  it  is  made  mv  • -mi slit  ut  imial  diit  v .  cordially 

to  co-operate  VV  Ilh   V  nil   111  eV  el'V    1 1  lea -lire   v  mil    Ullitrd   VV  is,  Imu   and   e  \pt-Mi -in  i' 

mav  devise  f,,r  the  pul ill.-  u'""d.  lil>U  A  l!l>    FI  I'l'IN 

(  'M  I  I.I.K  "Ml  r.  March  "».  Iso:;. 


( i  i:\  ri.r.Mi:  N    <n     MII:    ^I.NVII      \\iini     MII     I  h  ii  -r:  "i     In  ri:K-i:\  i  \ 

•|-JV|>:       \\'e  li.ue  Illel    lou'.'tlier  In  .  I'lisid.'!'    tip      s|li|.lll'i  !pi!ii!"al     s,,. 

eiei  v .  and  under  cirri  i  IMS;  m.-i-s  ;  \j>-  \u«-\  a  u -;•':•  "L-.  s  mir 

exterini  and  iu!e!'ini   lelatiniis.  and    siiili.-i,  :  ;    in  e\i  i;.  M,  ail    •  M   !•.••. tils   ;he 
inns!   sin,  I'M    i-;in-i  ,ii  «,]   -_:i  ,;i  i!  ;i:!i-  !••  ih.u   I  !•  .:._:  :n  \\!i'          iiaii'I-  air  the  .i(-s 
!  inn--  ,:\  n.i'  i..iis  and  ni    man. 


\-  1  III-  ri,.-i  ,i|  ;  hi-  la  -!  si-s-jnM  ,,• 
\\rfr  all\lol|s'\  c-Mlj.  i-l  Ili'i)  ai  tin  '.I 
.\\  hii  h  \\  ,i-  n'i  lifi^J  i'.  \\  ;ih!i'-!  I  l-\ 
1  In-  p,.|  I  u|  \.  '.',  <  I  II-.MIS  .,M,|  u  hi- 
ain I  i.r,-;i,i|.l  '!  .  '"-t  pj-.-pr-  ^  ••!  l 
\rl  .  alixi'ill  i  >  f.  ",\<  '-I  '.:••  I  as  t  hi  \ 
III.-,  lirlalioii-il  ii!iih-r.  tln-\  sMstaiu 
has  i|nu>-  tln-Mi  li'iiii-i  U!sc]\  ri.hli 
al.'in-  il  In-!.  'Mk'i-il  tn  hasi-  tin-  r\  il 


672  HISTORY  OK  SENECA  COUNTY. 

events  in  future:  and  herein  we  have  an  additional  inducement  for  that  con- 
fidence \vliidi  the  le-jfisla  ture  expressed  at  tlieir  last  session  in  the  executive 
of  the  1 'idled  States,  and  in  the  measures  which  were  pursuing  to  mvom- 

pli>h  those  (ilije<-ts.  and  u  liich  lia\  e  succeeded  beyond  our  most  sanguine  ex- 
pectations. 

Tin-  riuht  of  deposirm:_r  the  produce  of  expoilation  of  all  that  extensive, 
f. -rule  cou ul r\ .  whose  waters  are  tributary  to  the  Mississippi,  fit  her  at  New 
<  )rlean--  or  an\  \\  he  re  else  on  the  hanks  of  the  river  near  its  nioiilli.  although 
a  Ljreal  object.  \el.  would  ha\e  iieeu  held  at  hcst.  hut  a  precarious  tenure, 
\\hilehoths-ides  \\ere  subject  to  a  foreign  L;O\  eminent,  but  b\  a  \\ise  and 
magnanimous  policy.  \\ai .  ever  to  he  deprecated,  with  ail  its  inconccivahle 
at  I  end  ant  horrors,  has  i»ceu  averted,  and  expenses  to  support  that  war.  which 
mi.u'ht  have  heen  i  iicalculable.  and  could  not  fail  to  have  heen  heavily  felt . 
ar- rendered  mmecessar>  .  whilst  hy  a  friendly  negotiation,  and  in  the  most 
ji'st  and  lionoralile  ua\  ,  ilie  city  and  island  of  New  Orleans.  \\  ith  the  whole 
of  Louisiana,  arc  added  to  the  American  empire,  an  acquisition  incalculable 
to  the  ('idled  Stales,  whether  considered  as  a  territory,  rich  in  natural  re- 
sources, as  a  means  of  see  tiring  the  uncontrolled  ant!  peaceahTe  navigation  of 
the  Mississippi,  hy  possess!  n.n'  its  key,  or  as  a  Ljreal  and  increasing  source  of 
nisi  ional  revenue. 

in  our  ow:i  state  \\  e  have  this  year  heen  favored  with  ahndant  crops,  less 
visi;  'd  'o\  ailiiciimi  than  heretofore,  and  strengthened  \\ilh  a  ^really  iu- 
cre;.>ed  ,.ud  sliii  increasing  jiopnlalion.  \\  e  have  exldhiled  Hie  jileasinj; 
spe -tacle  of  a  free  people,  assuming  the  ri^ht  of  self-government,  purely 
elective  in  all  its  branches,  and  conducting  those  elections  and  orpmi/iii.u 
that  Lrovernineni  with  a  lemper.  moderation  and  caution  hecominu'a  people 
capai'leof  i  u  jo\  inLj  t hose  jiolitical  and  religions  liberties,  which  arc  their 
inherent  rights. 

The  present  stale  of  the  militia  calls  aloud  for  your  particular  attention. 
When  the  i;o\  eminent  \\as  first  or^aiii/ed  a  return  to  the  militia  was  reijuired 
of  the  then  adjiilaiit-.Lreneral.  who  was  directed  by  the  li'th  section  of  the 
••  act  establishiiiL!'  and  rc^ulal  inu;  the  militia. "to  make  a  return  to  the  com- 
niander-in-ehief  annually.  His  answer  lo  that  request  showed  thai  the 
militia  lav\  had  heen  neulectcd.  and  that  not  a  single  regiment  in  the  stale 
was  either  oilirered  or  i»if,Lrani/ed.  believing  thai  our  safety  and  fret'tloni  de- 
pends on  tlds  class  of  our  fellow  citi/ens.  and  finding  thai  the  only  proju-r 
sal'i'LTiiard  for  protrrt  jon  and  defence  was  in  this  lamentable  situation,  it  \va.s 
thoiiLrhl  exp<  dienl.  as  thee\i>tin^  militia  laws  from  the  change  of  govern- 
ment \\  hii-h  ii;i  i  1,1  ken  place.  \\  ere  not  applicable  to  our  present  sit  ua I  ion.  to 
issue  general  orders,  requiring!,"  ihe  senior  otlicers  \\lio  \\ere  in  commission  in 
siH'h  county  .  to  hold  eject  ions  agreeably  to  the  cons!  it  nt  ion.  to  till  t  lie  \  acan- 
eje-  in  lln-ir  ri-iiiinents  and  make  i-c|iort  to  the  adjutaiil-^eneral.  that  Ihe 
inilil  ia  mi^'lii  1  e  placed  on  as  respectable  foolinif  as  e.xistinj;  circiilnstaiices 
\\onld  pi-riuii.  '1  he-e  orders  were  allend"d  to  b\  some  of  the  commandanls 
\\  it  h  '•  /.i -a  I  ,!!,•  arl  i\  it\  hiuhl\  hono|-;ib|c  |o  t  hem.  and  a  few  regimen  I  >  have 
(.••en  ••ompletels  oi!;i-ci-eii  and  di-i-i|p]ined.  \\jih  linht  companies  annexed  to 
1  i.  m.  A  !<  t  urn  of  (he  cH'ecliNe  force,  a  commnniciii  ion  from  the  president 
•  •I'.hel  ni'o  d  >t;,ti  ^  on  thi>  subject .  a  requisition  from  the  .general  ^o\<-i  n- 
l:.'  nl  lo  ;.--MC!  •!•  •  \\  it  h  the  leasl  possjlilc  (iela\.ainl  hold  in  readiness  l!\  e 


Al'HKNMX.  673 

hiimlrcil  of  tin- inilitiii.  iui-lii'liii'4  fill.  ,-i  >.  to  rmtipuM-  a   tr^iim-nl.  t<>  man-h 

t4>  takf  Jllissr-ojun  of  the  latfl\     r.-ilr.l    r.M|nt!\     Ol      I  .•  •!  1 1  >1  111. I ,   -*l|i  .1 1!.  1   t  }|.     ..rJi- 

i-fi  >  »t  i  In-  Spa:ii-<!i  •„'.  >\  .-nniii-iit  «  ilh.-i  i .-!  ii>.-  ••!  i|»-l.i>  !••  ^:\.-  it  up.  .H/P--  i\>\\ 
tn  t  ri-;it>  .  \Mlli  tin-  IIP-  i -'!:••-  ink.-: i  ;• 

n-lati\  i-  llii-ivi.'.  i>    li- ii-mit.«   .nun  \.-  1.     *•••••   rviuli't  \.-          ii.l  tt'-iii  v\  !i>-lt 

>ini  \\ill  «h-M,.\r!   ;h.-  !.'••'   >-.:!>  "!    I.;K:II^    ml  •••-..:  i  \   i  •:•  i<  i  .1!  ,•  oi  .in  :n-!::i|- 

t  i'H  I   "II    U  hli'li   i-\  .-I  '.     t  !''•••  i- '.i.'l    ,'!.!•••  .  '.ii..   •     l-.l    !  i-..-; 


Tin-  >i-ak.-r  lai-l  IM-I..IV  ll 


anu. mi. -i 

i  I;-'  • 

..n  !  M..  • 


674  HISTORY   OP   SP:NKCA  COUNTY. 

;i  time,  not  to  sutler  a  simrle  boat  to  pass  without  an  arrest  and  examination 
The  execution  of  these  operations  was  entrusted  to  < ienerals  (Jano  and 
l-'indle\  and  .ludire  Xiiniiis.  I  liave  also  inven  anthoriu  to  .Jacob  Wilson. 
KSIJ..  of  Steubenville.  to  act.  if  occasion  offers  for  his  interposition,  in  that 
quarter,  and  it  u;ives  me  urea!  pleasure  to  inform  \on  that  [  last  night  re- 
ceived a  communication  from  .ludire  Mei^s.  of  Marietta.  announcim,r  the 
complete  success  of  the  operations  intrusted  to  him  and  (General  15uell.  and 
whose  patriotic  efforts  entitle  MIHII  both  to  my  warmest  thanks. 

It  i->  suspected  not  ice  was  eomexed  to  lilennerhasset's  island  of  the  pas- 
si'je  of  the  l;tw.  and  the  preparations  makin^liere  to  carry  it  into  immediate 
effect;  for  it  appears  that  on  the  nifht  of  the  nth  instant.  Comfort  Tyler 
pa^M-d  Marietta  with  a  number  not  yet  ascertained  of  fast  rowing  boats, 
with  men  arm*  d  indiscriminately  with  muskets,  pistols  and  cutlasses,  ain] 
anchored  at  the  island,  and  immediate!)  sent  an  express  after  lilennerlias- 
set.who  was  hiimiiiLr  on  his  ilotilla:  that  upon  discovering  the  move- 
ment-of  our  militia,  tliey  lied  full  speed  to  the  island,  which  was  guarded 
at  ni^lit  by  sentinels  and  lighted  lanterns  at  proper  distances,  and  none  suf- 
fered to  pa^s  except  hv  countersign  or  watch-word.  S, lies  were  also  placed 
at  Marietta  to  <*ive  notice  of  the  movement*  there.  In  the  meantime.  Gen- 
eral IJuell.  by  direction  of  .Indite  Mei^s.  with  a  detachment  of  militia.  pro- 
ceeded  up  the  MiiskiiiLfum  river  ill  the  niii'lit.  and  arrested  ten  of  the 
batteaux  a*  they  were  descending  the  river  to  join  Tyler's  forces:  they  were 
so  hurried  tliat  four  more  of  the  batteaiix  Were  not  tcot  ready  to  embark  and 
would  also  be  sei/ed.  which  is.  I  believe,  the  whole  of  the  MuskinLTiim  Ilotil- 
la. There  were  near  lutilwrels  of  provisions  sei/ed  on  board,  and  which.  I 
expect,  he  also  sei/ed  with  the  Bailie  remaining batteailX  :  these  batteaiix  are 
e,  eh  forty  feet  lon^-;  wide  and  covered  and  calcidated  to  carry  one  company 
of  men.-  It  is  believed  notice  was  immediately  j^iven  to  the  i>land  of  this 
sr-i/.ure.  for  in  about  three  hours  afterwards,  on  the  same  niirht.  IMennerhas- 
-••l  am!  T\  ler  made  their  es«-ap"  from  the  island,  and  have  pushed,  it  is  said. 
through  Kentucky.  Colonel  1'lielps.  of  Virginia,  witli  a  few  mounted  men. 
is  in  pursuit  of  t hem. 

!  exj'eet  Tyler's  lioat*  will  descend  the  Ohio,  to  meet  him  and  Blenner- 
ha>sct  at  some  point  Io\\  down  on  that  river,  and  I  have  no  doubt  but  that 
(icneral  (iano  will  render  a  n'ood  account  of  them  as  they  attempt  to  pass 
(  "mcinnat  i. 

!  also  |-fccj\i'd  las;  ni^ht  a  communication  from  the  secretary  of  war  of 
thel'nited  State-.  b\  diri-ctioii  of  the  '.government,  requiring  me.  without 
d«-la\ .  to  raise  !-"o  o|-  L'HO  \-oiunleer  miiil  ia.  to  In-  formed  in  companies  with 
one  lieid  ollicer,  nue  captain.  I  \\  o  subaltern.-'  and  TU  men.  commissioned  olli- 
cer>.  pri\'aies  and  musician.-  to  each  company,  in  the  pay  of  the  I'nited 
St.iti'S.  and  direei  Up  tn  to  march  to  Marietta.  \\iMi  order>  to  sei/e  the  Mus- 
kin^nm  i!o!  ilia,  and  pre\  cut  i;  from  1  >e; nu'  rcnio\ ci|  until  further  onlers  from 
Hie  president.  I'.ut  lindin.^  that  ihis  sci  vice  was  in  parl  effected.  I  ha\  e 
>>  cut  ui'ed.  from  tlie  neci'ssilN  of  the  case,  to  \ai\\  in  some  decree  from  these 
iii>lrii'.-;io]i-.  and  \s  hich.  I  hope,  \\ili  meet  the  approval  of  the  general  u'ov- 
rnment  ,md  ai-'i  of  Mini's.  !  -eni  on  order>  la.-t  ni'_dit  to  Marietlatorai.se 
one  co!iipaii\  "!  volunteers,  to  he  ci>mpo.-ed  of  one  major,  one  captain,  two 
siilialleni.- and  >ixl\  iii'-n.  commissioned  oilicers.  privates  and  musicians. 


\\-\-t  M'lV 


u  hirli  !  ha\  r  !  linn _:lil  xi i tl'n -it-iit  »••  urua!  d  an 
aitva.dv  anv-t.-d.  1  ha\.-  a!-.,  di-pit.  h- 
I'idri-  \»  rai-M-  t  \\  1 1  i-it|iii>aiiif»  a-  ali"\«-.  •-. 
uanl'-d  th'-n  1. 1  M-!ii-\(-  ;M«-  nriMia  pn-\: 

<  'i'lnfi'1  I   'l'\  It  1  •"-  ll.it  i!!a   \\  I.  )!••  d---'  •  -!id:li-,'  i  1 1 

and  thai  tin-  iiiliii-iln  in\ -;••!  !"n-  t-nl'-rpi !  • 
and  ill.-  inlt-ndt-d  .-\  ii  !.-\.-!ii-.t  a:  tin-  p--a 
•^talt--.  u  i!!  lai!  u  it!;  a',!  it  >  u- •••_'! it  "n  it-  i.;. 


"  «  >l|l  f<  ilill- It-Ill  ial  :ii.''-|::  .  U  t 
t  Hi1.'  i  h«-  i-'  'ii-pil  ai'\  .  had  ai  -;u 
[In-  •_''".  t-rni'i  nt'  1 1n-  -latt-  "I  (> 
tin  aai  hi  in!  valid  |»  <u  i-r  .  >'  \ ' 
rillin  and  !  h'-  It'L-'i-da!  ill''-.  \s  :;  h 
\\  Itii-li  i-iililli-  Ilii-n;  I"  a  diotin-j 
-la;.--,  t-ttfi  In!  ;ht-  -.-i/nii-  .-I'  a 
\\  il  hin  1  lirir  i  i-a--li.  and  H,M-  . 
i'i  i-i-  in  !!-  niit-ft ." 


676  HIS  TORY    OF     SKNKCA     COUNTY. 

latnre.  on  tin'  expediency  of  suspending  the  sixth  article  of  tlie  compact 
(  ontained  in  tip1  ordinance  passed  July  1.'!.  17>7.  concerning  the  admission  of 
slavf->;  also  a  i-einonsl  ranee  against  the  same  from  citi/ens  of  Clark  county. 
\vliirli  was  read  and  ordered  to  In-  referred  to  Messrs.  Franklin.  Kitcliill  and 
Tillin  to  consider  and  report  Ihereon.  I'pon  the  report  of  the  committee, 
the  senate  resohed  that  it  is  not  expedient  to  so  suspend. 

(  >n  the  J7lh  of  No\  ember.  1-uT.  the  following  resolution  \vas  passed  in  the 
senair  : 

/,'  -•  i/.  Tliat  a  i  ommiltee  be  appointed  to  inquire  whether  it  he  eom- 
p  1 1  j'o'e  w  it  li  t  h<-  honor  ;md  pri  \  ilc-i  s  of  the  house  tliat  . John  Smith,  a  sen- 
at  "]•  1 1 ,  >ni  (  >h:i  >.  against  \\  hoin  bills  of  indict  men  t  were  found  in  the  Him  it 
eo;ir;  of  Virginia,  held  at  Richmond  in  August  last,  for  t  r<  ason  and  mis- 
denie;;nor.  simiiM  or  permitted  an>  longer  to  have  a  scat  therein  :  and  that 
the  roinni  i  i  :ee  do  inquire  inio;ill  the  farts  iv.u'a  rd  i  i  in'  t  he  cond  net  of  Mi\ 
Smith  as  an  alleged  associate  of  Aaron  IJurr.  and  report  the  same  to  the 
senate. 

1  Hiring  t  IK-  discussion.  Mr.  Til)  in.  h\  iiermission.  read  in  his  pi  act'  a  letter 
from  Mr.  Smith,  as  follows  ; 

"  WASHINGTON.  November^".  !Mi7. 

••  !  >i:.\  i:  Si  i;  :  .1  u-t  ha\  inu  heard  that  a  motion  is  pending  in  the  senate  to 
app.'iut  a  riiiiinii!  iec  to  inquire  into  certain  charges  exhibited  against  me  at 
Kii'hniond  b\  llie  late  ^rand  jury.  I  he-<^  \ou.  sir.  to  assure  the  senate  in  my 
namr.  that  nothing -will  afford  me  more  pleasure  than  to  have  a  public  in- 
vrsli^at  ion  .»('  UK-  s;iid  eharu'es  and  an  opportunity  to  vindicate  m\  inno- 
cence, and  I  !MU  \oii  from  your  seat  to  make  this  stateiiK-nt. 

"  I  am.  dear  sir.  respectfully   \ours.  etc., 

-.JOHN  SMITH. 

'•   HON.    Mi;.  'I'M  •KIN." 

Smith  was  not  expelled,  liowever. 

In  a  letter  to  the  author  mi  this  subject  soinebod\  remarked:  "In  the 
eas"  of  .bihii  Smith.  I  think  there  were  not  quite  enough  Mites  to  insure  his 
expulsion  ;md  I'a..  1  belie\e.  \oted  against  liim.  I).  M.  T." 

Ainoje^si  th<  niMU'-rotis  measures  that  Mr.  Tiliiu  sup]iorted  with  his  inllu- 
ence  and  his  \  o[e  were  the  fo!  IOWIUL;'.  \  i/  : 

A  bill  I'or  the  iin-servation  of  peace  and  ma inlai nance  of  the  authority  of 
I  ii'1  I  ii itcd  Siali  >  in  '.lie  ports    harliors  and  \\  alers  under  their  jurisdiction. 
A  bill  i-v.li  iidinu  i!;1    I'ivlits  of  snflra.tre  in  the  Mississippi  territory. 

i"/ii;v  e  Jin  -»(i(i,!  of  ihe  I'niled  Stales,  under  certain  con- 
d  it  ions,  to  >n  -  pi  \',\  ||.,.  (•;. era  lion  i,f  the  act  la\  iiiL;  an  embargo  on  all  sliijis 
and  ••'---  -  in  the  port  -  ;:  nd  harbors  o|  the  I'nited  Mates. 

:"!i  for  arm  in. LJ  and  eqiiippin.L;'  the  \\  hole  liody  of  the 
nioitia  "I  1  !..-  I    ;,;•    d  -s'-l.  s. 

:e  pie-ident   of  Hie   I* ni t ed  St ales  to  cause  to  he  pre- 
d  I'"!'  -'-r\  ii-..  ;!M-  friuaie-  and  otln-r  armed  vessels  nf  ihe  rnited  States. 

•lannarx   in.  1  s(i:i. 

•'d''.  I'iMin  pivseiiiei!  >nndr\  petitions  from  purchasers  of  public  lands  in 
<hc  state  --that  from  ihe  various  incidents  to  wliicli  new 

settlers  are  liable,  and  luore  (.specia!l\    from   the   ureat    iincertaint v  of  com- 


HISTORY  OK  SKNKCA  COUNTY. 

Mr.  Tirtin  having  received  a  majority  of  all  tlu'  votes  of  the  members  pres- 
ent, was  declared  by  the  clerk  to  be  duly  elected  speaker. 

The  general  a>sembl\  be.u'im  and  held  at  the  town  of  Xanesville.  on  Mon- 
da\  tlie  :;d  da>  ol  1  >ect  lube!-.  INKI.  beinu  the  lirst  session  of  the  ninth  general 
a»cinbl>  of  ( )lii<>. 

Memliei's  from  Ko>s  Kdxvanl  Tillin.  Abraham  Claypool.  James  Manary. 
lleiirv  I'.nish  and  William  < 'reiiihtoii.  Jr. 

Mr.  Tillin  was  au'ain  elected  s)ieaker. 


APPF. 


THE   KM  n     CKNTKNN1AL  OKA1ION     V 

:S-  =    IN    I  M'f-  IN 


!  H  OK  JULY 


NO 


T  II  I-!     l-'o  I    I;  I"  II      IN      TIP  P  I  N 


rv'r'.T 

V_y  "i  •I"!.''  • 


II     |  '  i  .'  H  '  I  .  I     rt-M  i'.ll!\   ;ii-i|llit  Ii'  1  I  ln-ni-ci\  i-s  p.  it  \  -\»\  ir;ill\  "Ii  lh»-  F-'Ui  •  1 1 
P.  ir!\    \I<i!il,r>   :il !  -in<  >  >!i  ;  !;••    u  <>\  i-.  •  >f  ili-i-uj  .it  :>  .11    i»  ^.ui. 

wt-n-  lim-lx  'li-i'..i.i;r.|.     Th>-i<-u.i-    .1    ->u  i'i'.>    "!  i!  i-j-  !.ti  ^i- i-ii"UL'ti  t"  ^.it  >l\ 

I  lie    IIH'-l    I'll  i  1:11^1.1-1  i'-    i.'M'l  •  i'i    !  Ill'   *M  .I1. '-.  .I'I    i   •>'  I  i|'i-^.        Tin-  i  I.  .  •>!  .I1.  !"!;  .  •[ '  -.  •!li.- 

of  «nii   l-ii-iiif—    I'l.'i't-    \\;i>  \\iTt  h>  "1     M.'  nil.  'ii.    i  M    .-iir  -|.;i.-.-  \\;4i  u.'t    ).,-r 

llllt. 

At  t  \s  rl'.  i- " '•!"   i-.  Tin1-. 1. iv  iii'Miiiii^       :'•  i  i  M;  •••!]      •    !'••:, !',ii   \\a^  in.iuu'in 
ni^Ii'l-.  cl'1.     T.tkini:  i;  ;il!'  •_'••'  ii'-i .    it    \v..i-   lh-  -'  i-ni  1.  u--i.i-i  .<   ifi-"  •  -\<T 


!  In-  i:n-aii--l  •.:  »"    t>  •    n,_'   pn-\  .i; 

Till-    |'l  ".-i  •-,  ~!n;i    \\  ;|s    |."  ll.nl    .il 

111:11 1  r  l'\   ii   'A  .1  -  >  fr\   ii  in-  aii'!  i.i  i 
;lic  t"!!"\s  it'U  "rid  i  : 


j 

f>So  HISTORY    OK    SttNK.CA    COUNTY. 

I  IU-|-    IMVI-loN      (   AI'TAIN    I.    K.    HIAWIIAN   COM  M  A  X  Dl  N(i 

Marshal  C.  Mnt<-h'"i-.  and  Tiilin  Police. 
Ti;lin  U-ht  (luards. 

1  (.ii'nionia    |!ai:d. 

M  .  .joim'--    ilcliex  oielll   Society. 

1're-ddeiit  .  (  h'aloi  .  aii'i  Ma\  or. 

IJ.-ader  aii'i  <  'haplains. 

\'  ii  r-  i  'residents. 
I  )(•(  <>rai  ion   \\auon. 
(  'eiiteimia  1  t  'In  Mr. 

l>!VI-io\       M  \.l"i:    \V.    \\'.     MYKlIs    COM  M  \N1MN<;. 
'alrirk'^  T.  A  .  A:   15.  li.nul  aihl  Association. 

l-'ori    IJall  CiKii-ts. 
'I'illiii  Fin-  I  >i-!>.".!lnic'il  . 

I-loN       ('ATTAIN     A.    \V.    s\V!>i:!;    I  ;Mm  A  NI)I.\(,. 


I  >i'!ii(K  ol'  II  ii!iii''ill  (  Jrrnv. 

K  niu'hls  of  1  *\  i  hias. 

K  iiiuhK  of  11  uiTaii. 

C.  Miifilt-r's  l'.rc\Vfi-y  Wagons. 

Tin  i!  \  (^issuer's  S|oni'-(  v'naiT\   \V;iLr<»n. 

(Ml  i  •'.fiis  i  11  (  'aiTia^'i's. 

'I'lic  j'rocf>>io;i  parailt'd  llirou^h  ilic  \n>^\  inipnrtaiil  st  reds,  al'tcr  which 
!lic  |>ci.|ilc  u'al  lirrril  ai  tlif  coiirt  lioiisc  \an!  Jo  lislcn  to  Ihc  otlicr  exercises. 
Ma\or  !  5.i  i  -hiu  an  iiilroducei!  the  president  <>!'  the  iia\  .  I{.  \V.  Shawl  lan.  who 
made  the  1'o!l<>\\  iie_r  lirii't'  and  \  ei-\  ajijiropi-'iate  remarks  : 

Fr:i.i."W  '  M  n/  KN-  :  Tin-  pleasant  dnt  >  now  devolves  upon  me  of  calling 
;hi^  ]ar'_r>'  a^srmlilaiT1'  '°  oi'der:  ainl  in  doinn'  so  I  may  lie  permitted  to  state 
I  h;il  \\  e  ha\  ••  come  to^e'ilu-r  to  celebrate  and  commemorate  one  of  the  yreat- 
esi  of  all  hiMorical  c\eiit>.  '  io  !>a'-k  through  all  tin-  '.  radii  ioiial  and  liistoric 
:  i  -•••-,  i  if  the  pa-^t  .  from  Adam  to  Moses,  and  Ihfii  down  to  the  ushering  in  of 
inn  (  'h:  i  -lia'i  era.  mi"  tlaiiisaiid  eiu'ht  hiindn-d  ;\<\i>.  seveiit  \  -six  \  ears  a.c<>- 
N;I\  iiiLf  and  ''xcept  iiiii'  thai  m\  .--terious  liirthal  l!et!i!ehem  tliebirih  ofoiir 
iiatioi,  b\  ;  in-  1  >.!•',•'  •;•!  id;  lit'  independence,  oil"  hundred  years  a.iro  to-day. 
v.va-  tin-  ^raiide.-t  evnt  '  ver  e-iaeted  on  the  face  i  '  i  in-  ulo'oe.  And  now  with 
|i-r\en;  tliank^  I"  <  ••'.  i  for  all  u  ho  have  live  !  to  witno^  .:nd  to  eel  citrate  lhi> 
(  en*'  nuial  a!iii:\  >-r-vtr\  .  and  lh,inl-,  in-j;  you  all  i»v  i  lie  honor  confen-ed  iijion 
\  'in,-  )  'i-.--i«  i  ;  ML:  o'ji  '•(•;•.  '.s  ••  \\  ii!  no\-,  ju-o.-e;  .1  v>  ii  1:  ihe  i  \i  rci^i-s  of  1  he  day." 

M  r.  ^!>a\\  ha:;'^  r>  'nark  -  u  >  i  ••  »'do\\cd  ii\  apairiolic  M>nurl'\  the  centen- 
iiial  choir,  ^  hi'-!i  ua-  .-ve'-uli-i  l\  <-n-ditabh-  niaiMHT.  IJev.  (,.  A. 

1  i  ii'jdie--  1  lieu  made  a  nio-|  fei"»enl  pra\er.  whi'-li  \va-  fo!ii;\\  cd  h\  there.-id- 
in.^r  of  the  1  ).--;ar.i;ion  oi  [nde|ienilciice  !i\  !>.('.  Tiini'-on.  wlio  delivered  it 
in  a  clear.  Mi-.m.:  \nie»-.  and  i'i  a  ni"-l  iiiipre--.ive  manner.  At  its  (dose  the 
hells  of  ihc  '-n\  were  in!i_r.  and  the  hand-  played  a  pat  riotic  jiieee.  The. 


AIM'I  M-IX 


ASi 


cln>ir  saiii;  aijaiii.  wln-ii  Mr.  Sliaxvlta 

tl'»<lil''!iiu'  I"  V'ti  "in    \\»!tli\   .-iti/  -n 
\\  ;!!  ii"\\  ;ii  !•  !  i  '•-•-«  \  "ii  "     .In  )_•••  I  .  i" 
Mi:.    I1,.  i  ^ii.  i  N,      I.VIMI:      \N..   i 

(•"Mli-  .lit-  1    _'•  'In-  ;    .1  i  -i  Ii!  M  i  \    !l  !->   l!"\\  !i 
.       '.-I.-  !'..r  «     .ll  .....  .'...-•   .  M,      I  -,.,.•• 


l],,-  \\  •...;.•  !.;,tl.     I:  h.i-  .M"':-.  :  ;!:••  p 
c\  <  r\  NV  ii'-i  •-.  iiii'l  I"  '••''>  t  !.i  "'i'  v  'in1    • 

IAI--I  ^iu;p!>   l>\   '.In-  !"•!  ini->'".i  .'i  tin    ;••.•!•!••. 
riurtil".  an.i  Kii.>u  i!i'^.  u  ill  in  lin!  '.MI  !!••    n.      I'.i 

rrni'  ''.'-  i  in.  in  v  •  •]>}>•  ,---,:OM-  .Hi.! 

t'oMiii!  \    \\  it  Ii  tin'  U  ill  "!   1  '.'.>•  j-  .•••!•!••.      >}•  'in   -: 

\\  hiii-  l-'iMii'-f  ^ii  i")  -  :i  H'-^   Ii"- 

!  lirir  u\\  n.  lias  iit'-T  ii"l'".l\   ;•  •  i  n]<-  »'  .  • 

i  [,•:  /i  •_;.  i\  i  ni.i  .  in  li'-r  nii_'!it  "1  -ii-1 

ih.i;  t.in  ^:  t..ri!i  "ii  lhat  ila\  .  ;:n  !  -!H    >:  i  n 

'I'ii.'  .!,:i\  -  ..t'  in  -;iir.i;  i.'ii    •!;•!    n  •  •: 
HP  ,iii  i!"  -:•."•!  i!i-:r<-  uli«'ii   I   •>:•.  \   t!ia!  i-'»i-r\    I:"!'. 
I  j\  i    ,  ir  art  inn.  i--  /  i.-ii'/  >'i'ni.  at  hi  i"'"'v  ••-  Mi'-  l> 
;  |,,.  ij,  n  \    ih'.i   i-  \\  iMiin  ii^.  a  i  nl    I  i-1  r.  in    fli'-    f 
1  1  !•    \\m  k  "i  M>"M    -r.  ;,i  aii'!  ur""  '  ni  'ii  "!i  thai 
:,1  ;,  •!!-.  '1:1  IIP-  !"',  in    "!'    tin-  .!ci-!a:',.l  i"!i    "t     I'i. 
•A  i!  ii  tli''  uit>!'i"H-  1'.  -~u!t-  "!'  .1  ''flit  nr\     :,'"in-. 
-,  |,;,-||  i  ,,..:'-  li"i\      iii  I"--'-    -''flu-    ii:init'i-M. 


a  >'•  i»'«ll. 


5S2  HISTORY    OK    SENECA    COUNTY. 

dom  is  ••  that  form  of  government  where  man  is  left  free  to  do  a»  lie  pleases, 
except  where  the  rights  of  his  neighbor  and  public  safety  need  restraint." 
:  Hbickstone.  Now  if  that  be  freedom,  the  form  of  government  must  be 
shaped  to  meet  all  its  demands.  Nothing  but  a  republic  with  democratic 
institutions  can  secure  that  degree  of  liberty.  And  I  desire  here  to  be  strict- 
Iv  understood  that  I  shall  use  the  words  "Democracy"  and  "Republican- 
ism "  in  no  part)  sense,  for  both  tenusare  synonymous,  mean  and  express  the 
same  tiiinu.  ••Demos"  people  and  "Kratos"  (government.)  put  together 
make  •'  Democrat-)  ."  which  is  the  people's  government,  or  a  "Republic." 
and  "  Republicanism  in  its  best  sense  is  nothing  more  than  an  attachment 
to  a  republican  form  of  government.  If  Alexander  Tope  had  lived  in  the 
present  ayv  and  observed  the  spread  of  the  principles,  expressed  in  the 
Declaration  of  1 1  [dependence  man  everywhere  claiming  his  rights— had  no- 
ticed the  progress  of  events  :  the  demands  of  humanity  and  human  rights 
throwing  their  storm-waves  against  thrones  that  are  simply  permitted  to 
exist  while  they  reel  and  totter  lief  ore  they  fall  -  he  would  not  now  say  again  : 

••  For  forms  of  government  let  fools  contest. 
Whatever's  best  administered  is  best." 

It  is  not  true.  A  bad  form  of  government  cannot  be  well  administered. 
You  can  enjoy  no  right  as  a  free  man  under  a  despotism.  Talk  about  free 
speech,  free  press,  freedom  to  worship  <  iod  in  accordance  with  the  dictates 
of  your  own  conscience,  where  the  crude  will  of  a  C/ar  is  the  supreme  law 
of  the  laud.  The  form  of  government  is  all-important  for  the  preservation 
of  human  rights  in  their  puritv.  What  a  spectacle  to  the  patriot,  the  organ- 
i/ation  and  form  of  the  government  of  these  states  !  Thirtx-eight  free  and 
independent  slates,  each  with  its  own  Republican  form  of  government, 
making  up  in  iis  municipal  organi/.ation  a  free  and  independent  government 
of  its  own.  surrendering  for  unity  only  such  of  its  natural  rights  as  are  ab- 
solutely indispensable  for  the  purposes  of  the  general  government,  and 
reserving  all  other  rights  "  to  the  state  and  the  people."  This  principle 
kept  intact  and  cherished  and  loved  as  the  fathers  did.  will  forever  protect 
and  defend  the  constitution  in  its  purity,  make  succession  and  cenlrali/.a- 
tion  both  alike  impossibilities.  Such  a  form  of  government  requires  for  its 
perpetuation  and  perpetuity,  a  people  who  are  both  intelligent  and  virtuous 
intelligently  moral.  People  well  educated  in  letters  and  figures,  but  vicious, 
are  no  more  capable  io  preserve  and  maintain  a  Republic  than  a  people 
merely  moral  but  abjedh  ignorant.  Intelligence,  embellished  by  all  the 
virtues  of  religion  and  morality,  alone  qualities  man  for  the  rich  boon  of 
freedom.  And  if  this  Republic  shall  ever  suffer  the  fate  of  Republics  that 
have  lloiirished  in  time  past  and  are  no  more,  it  will  be  because  the  people 
sliall.li>  corruption,  luxury  and  vice,  make  themselves  unlit  for  the  enjoy- 
icnt  of  it. 

a  man  weais  clothes  that    lit    him.  so  does  a   nation    wear  just    such  a 
of  ^overjiiuent   as   it    is  capable  of   maintaining.     Now.  if  we  claim  to 
and  '^lor\  in  the  pos>e>sion  of.  the  best  form  of  government  ever  con- 
d  bv  man.  a  government   just   grown  out  of  its  childhood   to  manhood, 
preserving  its  integrity  through  a  thousand  trying  ordeals  in 
>u  nece.ssarv  and    indispensable,  that   we.  to  preserve  it.  should 


AITKNMX.  683 

also  he  inspired  with  ;t  just  appreciation  of  tin-  responsibility  n-M ;:;ir  upon 
us.  • 

.lii«iiff  Marshall,  in  tin-  Virginia  convent  inn  nf  17^.  said  :  '  What  aiv  the 
favorite  maxims  of  l>einoiTae\  '.-  A  strict  observance  of  justice  ami  public 
taith.  ami  a  stead)  adherence  in  \irtm-.  These,  sir.  an-  the  principle--  "I 
•/">ni  I  '/oven  iment."  KHioi's  Debate*..  \  "].  in.,  p.  77  .  Thi-  f<n  in  <-f  £»\  »•!  n- 
nifiit  i-  heM  becau-e  it- >iamlanl  of  mural  requisition  i-  tin-  hiu'hcM .  It 
i-laim^  for  in  tii  a  univer-ali!  •.  uf  inti-rest.  lihert)  ami  !iiM;<---.  l!  i-  i  hri-- 
tianit)  \\  ilh  its  mountain  beacons  and  guides.  It  i-  tin-  >ta>i>lanl  nf  I>«-it\ 
lia>i-tl  in  llic  rti'i  iia!  priin-ip!«->  nf  init  h.  p.i^^iiiLT  '  !:i"ii^'li  .uni  n>niu'  al»'\  • 
ill.-  clnii'h  i >f  iurii"i'ancr  mi. i  tin-  n-jri>'ii  <>\  inlinitt-  ui-.|nin.  Tin- irn-al  ««li- 

jrrl>  uf     klinu  l.'ULTf     ali'l     MMi.i!     I'lll'lUV     nf     tin-     prnpli-     a!'.-     aill«  >M^   it>   111- •>! 

pi'niiiiiH'iit  pr»vi^i'iii>.  I'ra'-lii-al  i-f!i^ri«in  ,ni'l  n-li^i"ii->  fr«-«-ilnin  an-  the  -IIM- 
shinc  i»f  its  trro\v  th  ami  -_rl«ii'>.  'l'«  -a\  that  an  !'_ri!»<an!  am!  iiuimiral  pi-uplc 
a!'*1  capable  uf  sflf-ifiiVi-riiiiH-iit.  is  tn  -~a\  thai  ur''\  <  i  'iiiui-nt  iaa\  In-  ailiuini>- 
ti-n-tl  \vitln 'ill  kii.'U  iciiirr  a;  n  I  \\  it  lion!  jii->!  in-.  I  a  i  n  ^p.-akniuT  ••!'  t  hi-  Ihiiahi- 
t  int>  i  if  tin-  1 '  ii  it  I'll  Stairs  a-  a  p.-up!--.  in  it  a>  a  uat  I.HI. 

\\'hether  \\e  IHISSOS  Un  aitrihn:«->  ul'  a  nation,  ur  uhe'lier  mir  general 
'/n\  eniiin-iit  In-  a  nat  imial  u'<>\eniiiient.  I  ha\e  m-ilherthe  time  mir  iiielina- 
tiuii  In  'li>eu>s.  Mni'imh  fur  im-  t«  kim\\  ami  lielie\e  that  tin-  emUuf  km>\\l- 
cifiie.  fn-eduiu  ami  happiness  eaii  he  prmmHeii  |i\  a  prupej-  apps  eriat  imi  ami 
pr--se;-\  at  inn  uf  the  furni  uf  ur'»\  erninent  \v  e  ha\  e.  ami  tu  \\  hi  eh  \v  .  rit  h  er  \>\ 
virtue  "I  I 'i  I'll  i  ur  ;t<|upt  iuii.  all  n\\  e  alli-'/iaiiee  ;  ami  \\  hu  fur  himself  \s  il!  imt 
>a\  : 

•'    1  I.    \ulllll    il    ^heitel'eil    Hie. 

Ami  I  "II  pruteet  it  miu  ." 
Haviim  hreii  hum  ami  raiseil  iiiuler  a   hail    lui-m  uf  iruvernuient.  ami  liav- 

illU'  made  the  '_r»\  erillliellt   uf  the-e  free    slate^    lllilie  li\    free   ehuiee.   I   eail  hilt 

feel  the  tlirill  that  this  uceasiun  semis  thruimh   m\  lieiiiii' while  I  ma>  mn  he 

alile  tu  e\p|'e^->   llie  e|||utiuli>  that    pl'umpt    a    reheual   uf    the   \u\\    uf    alle'/iaiiee 

i,ri\eu  in  m>  earl\  maiiliuuil.  And  1  uill  nut  Irs.  l-'rum  e\t-r>  eit\.  tuwn 
and  hamlet  uf  mir  land.  >huiils  and  rejuie'n.-.:-,  rend  the  air  at  tin-  elu-M-  uf  a 
eeiilur\  siin-e  tin-  ••  1  )eela  rat  iun  uf  Aim-rieau  I  iidepemleuee  "  lirsi  >a\v  tin- 
liirht  uf  da> .  The  >  ui i n U  >huiit  am!  clu-er  u  it  h  -MiiimN  uf  u'lee  ;-ml  hilarit  \ 
tin-  middle-au'ed  man  feels  a  ju^t  pride  in  the  ili>ehar_re  ,,|  r\,-r  diit\  p»-rtain- 
iiiLr  tu  a  cit  i/eii .  and  dm- and  u\s  i  HIT  1"  the  Male.  The  aued  piuneer  iuiu-. 
I  lie  thru  n '4  \\  it  h  a  heart  I'nll  uf  ^ral  it  mh-  and  praise  tu  the  I ,  i\  !•]•  ut  ail  LT"uil. 

fur  t  he   pre>i-]A  at  iuii    uf    a   If'S  el'limellt     he     pel'hap^    helped    tu   1 1|  -ul.  ,-!    \\  Itil    )||> 

treasure  aini  hi^  liluuil.  Tln-M- emut  iun^  are  pruper  and  pat  rim  ie  ami  hu|\  . 
\uin-liii:  a  -i,l\e  euiild  Iu-da>  fed  !  ml  i  i  1 1  -I  •  Ml!  .  and  lln-iv  are  Hum-lull,- 
tuinid  \\itliin  "in  liuidei-..  thank  l.od. 

'I'he   iie'_fillllinu'     uf     ulir  -_'u\  erilllient      d»r>     nut      date     tl'ulll     llie    Illiuf     .ll||\. 

177''.  lit  it  I  rum  the  adujil  iun  \<\  the  .-.tat*--,  u|  I  he  i-uii-l  it  ul  iun  in  i  7»  Su  a»  a 
^uv.-rinm-i!!  we  are  nut  IIMI  \  ,•  t;  ,  ,  ,|,|.  i,m  as  a  p  -upie.  |-'ur  '.in-  .|.-  'aratiu-  u  ( 

illdepelidelic'r     at     uliee     alld     |ull\e|     sepaiatid     tin      alli'L'iallee  u|     lheeu|u|lle> 

ami  upeiii-d  i  nll>  tin  \\ar  uf  iln-  n-\  ulut  imi.  The  ••nd  ut  -^r\  ••!;  iun-  ami 
hluud\  \  i  a:  -,  u;  u  ar  made  Km/iaml  aekiiuu  led^e.  u  Inle  uiir  peuplr  ivjuji-(  m. 
uiii  imie|iei:di-nec.  Ilu\»  f  u  r  t  u  n  a  I  e  |ui  human  iiu'lil^  and  treedum  thai  at 

that   fpueh.   \\  hen   \\  e    \\  iTr  \\l-ak     and     exhausted.   U  hell     it      \S  uiild     |,a\  e  liei-n 


684  H  ISTORY    OF    SKXF.CA    COUNTY. 

easy  for  some  military  ehieftain   to  have  grasped  the  reins  of  power  and  to 

lia\  e  established  hen-  a  monarch)     that  with  Washington  and  his  compeers, 

not  a  man  was  in  In-  found  who  would  ilo  and  dan-.  Man.  prone  to  love  of 
power  as  he  his.  1 1  id  \ou  ever  think  of  il.  m>  iViends.  how  little  it  would  have 
r,  quired  to  have  lust  all  that  was  won  by  tin-  blood  of  the  revolution  '•;  Does 
it  not  s.-riii  that  tin'  hand  of  1'rovideuce  was  in  all  this?  'J'he  spirit  that 
opened  the  war  seemed  to  close  it .  and  commence  the  Republic.  The  spirit: 
that  appealed  to  ( iod  for  the  rectitude  of  their  conduct,  moved  the  men  in 
power.  \\  hen  the  u  ar  was  over,  to  rei  urn  their  swords  and  la\  them  upon  (lie 
altar  of  the;]  coiiut  r\ . 

Ilisior,   ne\cr  produced  such  a  spectacle  since  the  world  he^an. 

And  how  tin-)  .-honied  and  ^aim'  of  the  lihert\  they  had  thus  achieved  : 

•  I n  ,i  chariot  «>!'  I'm'hl  from  the  regions  of  day, 

Th''  <  .oddes>  of  Lil.ert  \  came  : 
Ten  thoii>a!id  cele^tiids  tlii'e.-ted  the  way. 

And  hit  her  coin!  net  fl  the  dame. 
A  fail"  liiiddinu'  branch  from  the  gardens  above. 

Where  millions  and  millions  au're-.'. 
She  brought  in  her  hand  as  a  pledge  of  her  love. 

A  plan!  >iie  named  Liberty  Tree. 

This  glorious  exotic  struck  deep  in  the  ground. 

Like  a  native,  it  nourished  and  bore; 
The  fame  of  it-,  fruit  drew  the  nations  around 

To  seek  out  its  peaceable  shore. 
lje'_rardli"^  of  name  or  distinction,  they  came 

For  freemen,  like  brothers,  airree 
With  one  spirit  endued  the)  one  friendship  pursued, 

And  their  temple  was  Liberty  Tree." 

The\  san.u1  of  ( 'olumhia  thus  : 

••  Columbia.  <'olnm!'ia.  1o  i;'Ior.v  arise. 

Tiie  ((iieen  of  the  \\~orld  and  the  child  of  the  skies, 
Th\  i:'eniu>  commands  th'-e.  with  rap1,  i  ires  behold. 

While  a  ires  on  au'es  th\  >p!endor  unfold  : 
T!i\   reiiiii  is  tlic  la>l  and  the  noblest  of  time. 

MO>I  I'ruitiiil  ili\  .^oil.  nio>t   inviting  th\  clime. 
LI-;  erimes  of  ih"  east  ne'er  '-rimson  thy  name. 

HI-  i  tv'  don  i .  and  science  MI  id  \  i  rt  IK-  t  h\   fame." 

r'-iedi  revolution  j-rodnced  a  il'->poi      tip-  American  revolution,  liber- 
'rt-e  Li!         v     fails    \\hen    Mi\ereijLrlis    beconi:-    txrants.     The 

American  cit  i/'-n  i>  lh" -;"\  i-rei^n  ot'  the  land  and  makes  and  enforces  liis 
i'\\  n  la\\  s.  So  !oim'  a  -  \\  i^dmu  an  !  li'imanil;.  -hal!  be  his  mi  Me  and  counsel, 
lit-  cannot  fail  of  -n.-.-c^. 

If  time  v. .  iii  Id  permit.  1  -d  mil  Id  be  -lad  lo  indulge  in  a  few  passing  i-emarks 
on  man1,  "f  i  he  e\  .-n:  -  ;  hat  have  characteri/ed  mi''  history  as  a  people  hit h- 
iTt".  bni  i  m  u  si  a'n-  ai  ii  \\  hi  I"  i  \v  i!  I  invit-1  \oiir  at  lent  ion  to  things  and  sn  r- 
nui  in  lilies  at  i  i.  line.  Let  me  -peak  to  \oii  a  little  \\  hile  on  the  rise  and  j»ro- 


APPENl'IX.  685 

Kress  of  our  own  iminriliatr  lU'i^lilMtrhiHMl  of  St-m-ra  roiinu.  ht-r  hi-tnry. 
In-r  r»'soiin-»'s.  ami  her  pi-nplr. 

A- the  triumphs  of  lil>i-il\    rmi-titut.-    tin-    n  a>  -luai  k-  --t  tin-    ss.'iM.   tln-\ 
ha\  r  tMiiilnl  an.)    ilin-<  t.-.l    tin-    pmrn-'-i-    in    npr-nin^  an. I  t|»-\»-lnpin^  tin-   iv 
M'Uivr-  »|  tin-    \a-t    r.'iintiN     \«    lal'-'i.    I"    «  -  >niim  T.  •-.    !••  km>\v  l'-«l^>-  an-i  t" 
i_'i  vat  m-->.     Tin-  pioiiri-i -  of  S'-m-i  a  i  iiiini\   fo'iml    IH-M- a  \  a-l   nnl'i"ki-n  u  ii 
ilrnifss.  run  o\ i-r   l>\    -a\. !•_;••-   ..ml    u.M    amiM.i-   liiVtjtin^.lh«-n  pi«-\.     Tla- 
sill-in-.-  of  tin-  l'..iv-t  Lrnki-n  mil\  |.\  ;h  •    ,-ra--k    "I  ;n ••    Imi.  in  -  nil'-,  ami   tl» 
inulit-  ma  !«•  in. I. -mi-    )-\     tin-    Ii.'-Alin--    •-!     tin-    \\.-l  ,.-  panlh.-i .     '!':•• 

u "...Iman '-  a\i-  !'i "ii_'lil  !  In  1,1  -;  -.  inn.i  "I  '.  '•!••  app;  ••  i-  ••'.  •; .  il;/  .1!  ;«.n.  V\  »•-; 
'it'  t  IM  -Saii'ln-k '.  li'.ri  \\.t-  .in  .ilini.-'.  iii>i>r»ki-n  -\\.  ':•-.  l-al  '.in-  i-.i-ti-i!i  an  I 
sniiir  portion-  n[  tin-  -..iitlnin  pa:'t-  •>!'  lh>  !•>«  a!1.;  ]••-  l"-!t-  ' 

a<!  a  pti -I  l'i>i  •  -i  !i  i.  i  m  'lit-  ;Hni  ln.ni.--.  ai.'i  t  In--  ,-  ;ii-    M  -!  I... in-  - 

-I. -a. I-  in  tlii-  c.Hint> .     Tlii-  \\i--t--i  n  p."    liiii  u.i-  iak'-ii  up  iiiu-  !i  la ;••!'. 

>i-m-ca  wa-  Ii'Mii' >!  t!"in  <>M  h,'i;an  tiir,;.'r\.  \pi  i  .!-_'•'.  "!^.ini/--«l 
April  I-!.  I-^l.  aii'l  naim-<l  ;i!'ti-r  a  tniu-  "I  In.ii;.:i-  '  Im  li.i.i  a 
-Imi  i  iii-iaii'-i-  i i"i  l!i  i'l'  'I'iMin.  ii'-;i;  lli.-  i  ,\.-r. 
1>>  tin-  lai.-  .l.'liii  Ktii'-r.  Thr  i-.)i!!i!\  \\.i-  li'iim-ri.  a  pa:'.  •'!  -•aiiilii-k> 
<-"iint>.  ll  i-\ti-ni|-  ri^htci-n  iii;ii--  nmih  an-!  -"iilh.  .url  !':.!'!'.  inii.--  i-.i-' 
aii'l  \\r-t.  uith  th'-  li.a-i-  lim-oii  lln-  I!-;  |i..i.;l!i-l. 

Tin-ri-  sv  i-r.-  t  w.i  _'.-ii'-rai  -ur\  .->  -  nia  1.-  i>\  I  In-  auUi.'i  il\  .  .1  '.  !>••  1  'n:I--.|  >;.il.-^ 
ill  liorth'-i  !i  (  »liii>.     Tin-    !ir-i    "in-    c-!al'  .    i-miiil  u--  anl 

lo\\n-h:;i-   i.f   tin-   ••  \\Y-t.-rn    l{i-.-.-r\i-."    -,•   rail'-.i.    ih--  l.m..>.   ••;   .     I: 

starli-il  mi  tin-  wc-t  lim-  '•;  1  'rnn-\  i\  .ini  i.  runiii'.u'  u.--;.an.i  •  n.li->l  .it  tin- 
-oiilliu  ••-;  .  .'i-iii-i- .'!'  1 1  in  mi  i-niin:  > .  'i'a.-  -••.•n-irj  -ur\'-\  -i.ir:i-'i  ai  ih«-  i-.;-t 
liiif  ol'  I mliana.  an<l  i-ii'l«-il  at  tli>-  -i>uihi-a-'.  "-"i  i.'-r  "I  "v-m-.  a.  making  ;ht- 
.-.MI  th  lim-  of  Si  i  in -a  tin-  ii.i-1-  I  in.'.  Tin-  -nr\  «•>  ma  !.-  \»\\  n  -hip-  an.  I  ran^r-. 
Tin-  t"\sn-hi|'-  iii  >i-n>-i  a  niiml'i-!'  .in-.  \\\<»  aii'l  tlii'cf.  .url  tin-  i.in^'--  inn 
t'l'oiu  l;l  ra-i  i  o  1 7  air  1  I  •>  ca.-t  inrl  u-i\  r.  mak  i  ir^  carh  l< '\s  n-'n  ip  r.  .nt.uu  thirl)  - 
six  Mjiiarr  mill--,  ln-iiii;  -i\  mil'--  -ipiari-:  i-.n-h  -.-.•iioii  ihui 
ht-r  one  mi*!.-  -.plan1  air!  i-oiitaininu  -i\  him  :••  •  1  ..!i  i  :••:';• 
S'-m-ca  \sa-  al-o  iiaim-ii  af;.-r  tin-  Iii'iian-.  a;r!  \sa-  -iiii..i. 
o|  tin-  >  un!ii-k>  i:\.-r.  m-.u  tin-  \  i!!a^i-  "i '  !•'••! •:  ^••m-.  a. 
Ti'lin.  ai.  !  aiion:  i-!--\  .-n  mi!'--  in;!i  ••;  !':.•-; 
>an  i  u-k  \  .  :r  .\\  I  'i '  -ni.  Mil .  u  'n  !'••  t  In-  i!  p;: ..'.:.  a  a  p.u  ;  . 
in  thrir  .li-lii'.-iali'Hi-  ;:!  lim-innaii.  '[•,.:•  '•:  a  pi"pi" 

pi-r-oii  ;.r!  In-  pj  "-i'l. -tr  v  •    f"Uiri    "in  :  .  i  .••.  .   i  I.i'. .  - 

i  M-m-ral  II.:- '  i-on  -  irnnp-  o    -up:.-.!  I';.  >.-n  :'•:.   ;  K.  i; 

tin-  It-  h  IM-  hi.i.ir    an    all.:  i    1'!.    h1^ 

]  -|.;.     i , .-m •! '.;!   1  lai  i  i-"i; .  w  iiilc  ai   i  '• .  ^  <>  •    •  - 

dfi'i1' !  1 ''.  .in  1  if  1  i.i u . 

Tin-  •-'!,'•.  a-.  ••!   l! 

o|  ,-lioi'T  lai.. I  "ii  lh'-  •-..-;  -i'!'-  "!  :!  •     ^t:>- 
an.!  par:  . '1  ^an. lu-k\  r> iin>!  \ .      I  :. 

t  Ill-Ill   oil    tlir   •_•*.  Ill     o]      >)  pji-llll  l-l  .      I  -17.     .:!      :!:••     !  :..il  '.     I   '   i'l  ••!    lllf 

.Mauim-'  -i.ipi'l-    ll-'ii.     l.rv.i-    ('a-      an!     i  I  "ii.   1  >m..-.i'i  M<    \: 

1    lil'.i-.l    Mali-    collillii.— loln-l-.      Th'      »t!;.-|      IO.IHNI    a.'H--.    is  MIL:  -oi;;li  ..;;!,!• 


<>S6  HISTORY   ()[•'  SEXKCA  COUNTY. 

other.  \\as  granted  by  the  same  commissioners  at  the  treaty  of  St.  Mary,  on 
the  17th  of  September,  the  following  year.  On  the  2Xth  of  February,  l.SIil. 
these  Imliaiis  eedeil  their  lands  to  the  u'eueral  £>'ovcrnment  and  agreed  to  re- 
move southwest  of  Missouri,  on  the  \eoslio  river. 

At  that  lime  ilieir  uriiieipal  chiefs  were  ( 'oonst ick.  Small-Cloud.  Spicer 
\vliomoiiresteeiiied  triend.  Dr.  II.  Kuhn.  of  this  citv .  well  knew  .  as  well  as 
-.nine  of  the  other>.  Senec;'  Steel.  Hard  Hickory.  Tall  Chief  and  (iood 
I  Iiinter. 

deneral  Ilenrv  C.  IJrish.  now  deceased,  was  the  sub-assent  of  this  band, 
which  numbered  about  40ti  souls  at  that  time,  and  were  considered  to  be  a 
remnant  of  the  Logans.  1  remember  well  in  several  conversations  I  had 
witli  the  ( i eiiend  about  these  Indians,  in  each  of  which  the  t  ieneral  expressed 
his  ^urprise  \v  hv  they  were  called  >'<  n<  rn*.  as  he  said  he  never  found  a  Seneca 
amou'j,1-;  them.  He  said  they  were  Cayun'as  -\vho  were  Min^oes  ;  thai  they 
had  amongst  tliem  some  Oneidas.  Mohawks.  Onondajjcas.  Tuscarawas  and 
\Vvandois.  Thev  believed  in  witchcraft,  and  while  here  executed  one  of 
their  best  men  for  that  crime.  Time  will  not  permit  me  to^ive  the  narrative 
of  ihe  execution. 

If  v  on  had  been  present  at  a  meeting  of  the  "  Seneca  County  Pioneer  As- 
sociation." about  two  years  au'o.  and  listened  to  the  address  of  our  esteemed 
friend.  Isaac  I.  Duinond.  near  Ft.  Si  neca.  sou  would  have  heard  an  inter- 
est in  ij  narrative  of  the  annual  do<^  dance  and  feast  of  these  Indians. 

While  speaking  about  the  Indians,  let  me  sa\  to  you  that  a  question  of 
title  to  a  portion  of  these  lands  is  still  pending  and  undisposed  of.  I  men- 
tion this  fact  oidv  as  a  mailer  of  iiistory. 

Il  isverv  doubtful  whether  any  remnant  of  that  tribe  sees  this  day.  The 
irivater  prolial'ilily  is.  that  they  have  all  fallen  to  the  law  that  seems  to  rule 
the  general  destiny  of  the  race.  Ail  we  have  of  them  is  their  name,  their 
lands  and  their  short  history.  The  n>  >r  iiinvliiiw.  so  called,  included  the 
lamh  of  the  Seneca  Indians.  In  fsju  and  ISL!|  the  other  lands  of  the  "  new 
pui'chase  "  v.'ere  laid  off  into  lo\\  nships  and  sections,  but  the  Seneca  Iteser- 
\alioii  was  not  siii'veyed  until  K'.:.'.  Speakini;'  of  the  new  purchase.  I  desire 
to  record  an  incident  in  connection  \\ith  it.  loo  important  to  be  lost.  .My 
venerable  friend.  Isaac  1.  Duiiiond.  of  Pleasant  township,  built  a  house  near 
the  left  hank  of  the  Sandusk\  river,  northeast  of  Ft.  Seneca,  in  IV_'H.  .acabin 
rather,  \\hichis.-till  111  for  human  habitation  and  occupied  b\  afamilv. 
wliile  Mr.  I)uniond  !i\es  close  by  in  more  comfortable  quarters. 

A  few  iract^  of  the^r  lands  uere  sold  \\hen  llie  land  ollice  lirsl  o|»ened  at 
Delaware,  at  (he  ^overninenl  price,  si. ^."i  ]>er  acre.  The  greater  i»ortion  of 
our  coi  ml  >  was  eiitereil  at  t  he  same  price,  after  the  sale  and  about  the  time 
the  land  ollice  v.as  removed  to  iuievrus.  and  later  still  to  TiHin.  wlien  Mr. 
I  )a\  ill  \\.  (  )\\  cii  held  tin  i  'iliee  of  recei\  er  at  t  lii>  place.  The  L;'O\  I'l'limelit  re- 
ci  i\ed  nothiiiL:'  i;i:t  specif  for  (he  ];MIIJ.  The  receiver  was  provided  with  a 
strong  iron  die>t .  in  which  the  book-,  ;mi!  monev  vs  ere  to  be  kept .  The 
ehi->t  wa^aboiil  tweiiiv  iiiche-,  w  ide  aiidlweiiiv  deep,  and  about  two  feel 
io!iur.  !  remember  on  several  occasions  when  Mr.  <  )w<»n  was  about  to  make 
iii-.  qnai't  '•!'!'.  i''-pi  it  t  at  Co!  mnhn  >.  (  >hii  -.  thai  q  u  ite  a  number  of  men  w  ere  re- 
qui-ile  to  mo-, .-  the  che>l  fi'om  the  hoii-e  into  l  he  ua.Li'on.  The  late  Daniel 
I  )ildiiie  w  as  1  he  teaiuMer  u'eip'rallv .  w  ho  hauled  t  he  coi  u  to  Columbus  Mr. 


68; 

Owen  had  hi*  otlice  in  the  frame  li'iiMim:  l»-!"ii^iir/  to  \'.»\  Kt-i-n.  »n  the 
north  side  of  Kast  Market  street,  near  tin-  •.!••[..•  i.n.U'.-.  |i  ^i-in-ralh  l.nik 
front  three  to  four  days,  with  a  I;IHM|  I.-.IIH  •  •!  !i- .:>.-.  [.•  !i:ui!  tin-  littl.-  iron 
nionMt-r  t<>  <  'i>liiltilni>.  Without  an>  i/aar:  nr.it  h  r  j >i •  '!«•<•;  ,..n  i!,.-  i  \\»  nn-ii 
^tai  t«-  ! .  ;n  i  I  u  iidin;:  lli.'ii  \\a>  a  I  out-  I  In  •  'U_'h  \  h.  ?..|.  ^i  ton  id  I  ppf  l  x.i!i- 

tn^k\ .  Lull.-  S  m«!n-k\  .  M  i: -i"ii.  W ado   in  1  1  »••!  iw.u«-. 

I   nMii'-ini"' I    hfallll'_r  l"alh<T    Ourii     :••!.!!••  <    \\;tfi!!n    .  i|.--t  .il    .'in- 

linn-  at  U'aMo.  I  Itiink.  Ni^'hl  overtook  ih.-iu  \\M--II  I!K-V  _••••  :'i«-i.-  .ni-i  ih«- 
r.iluii  linii'l  Aa>  1'ul!  nf  jic.ipN-.  A-^  a  ^.'ii-'i  ii  tiling  tln-\  \V'.Mr1  i»a.-k  tin- 
ua'joi!  n  1 1  t<>  i  in-  ilimr  a  in  I  lake  th<-  ''lir^t  :n',o  ;li--  !ioii-.i-  I',,,!  \Ii  »  I-A.-M  .|i.| 
not  liki- the  lintks  nf  thf  IK--II  al"-u;  Mi.-  [iivim-..-..  ...  li--  ..•!,. -;ti,i,-.|  !,.  !,-.i\,- 
tin-  i- 1  !••-<!.  U  it  li  its  rniitrllt-  nf  ali'illt  -  '  >  '»"'.  !!i  t!if  \\  a_'''ll  .ill- 1  •  "\  f|  it  U  Illi 
>;ra\\.  'I'll.  -\  i!i.i  -o  an- 1  unit  to  :.••.]  ]•  i;im.-l  all  in^-lft  a?:-!  «  li«-u  t'n-v 

L'O|  up  in  tin-  inoriiin^  t  h,-\   t'oiin.1  .  \ .  :  •. ;  Iiii:u  a 

ll  \v  a-  t'ori  iiualf    tor   Si-nr«-a    i-o:i:i(\      j,  i!    li.-r   l.un!-. 
liami-  o|  >pi'i-u];(io|-«,.     Thr  HH-ii  \\  !io  ,•!,;,  i ,  .!  ;,n.i  lo.-.si.-. 

pi  ix  •  ol   a<p'  jilil'i  II^T  liolllf-.  ail-1   !  !:;•   pill  ,'h  i^.'s     ;<,••]<•     in  r  If 
111''     pile     o|     ^,,!,)     :m,|     silVt-T.        ri|.^.-     pi!.'-     \\.T'-     l|-:|a' 

although  Inn  iit"t\  ijollars  \voiil.i  l>u,  l'ort\  at-n--.  ma'r 
'li'i  n't  lia\f  liir  li!t\  >lo!lar>.  A!!  ;:n-  iii"--;  \  aluai'l'-  l.i' 
a  p.  lio\\f  \  .-r.  at  r!  \\  lifii  tin-  \\  ,i!  \\l\\i  M.  \;<  •  >  ua-  o\  .•;•  ; 
laii'i  \\ai'!'ant--  lo  locatf.  >c\i-rai  iiaf(-«  \M-;--  •»'.;!!  I'oiiiiM 
in«l  !ak"ti  up  !.\  tlif-f  wai'i'aat-.  Tiio-c  \\.-r--  M..-  ia^'  "• 
i  line  for  rln-ap  l.ni'ls  in  Srii>-i-a  i-oiiiit  \  !i  i^  !oi:_'  ^;m-f  pa 
','<•  I  ui'ti. 

Tlie  earl\  M-Hlers  here  raiin-  t'l'oin  Mar\!an<!.  \"i!_':nia 
^>  i\  ,1:1  ia.  \  r\\  .If  r-»f\  .  fl.\.  (  n-nua!i\  aid  I  iviaid  .  ai 
plftf  !\  a  n  i  i  \i-.i  in.piilat  ion  a-  vm;  -i-f  t  h«  in.  or  l!  !••!;••  If -<iii' I  ant -.  I--  tlri^  ila'. . 
1  >itt'fi  IIIL'  ;n  laiiirnai;'''.  h  li'il  -  .  .n-!  '-ii-'  'in-  n-i  ainio^t  i-\  »•!'.;  hi  '.!•_'  pf  rtainin^ 
'o  <•  iv  ili/i-.l  iilf .  a  iii-iri-  _. •*  ••~\-:'  iii!»-.  lni-_'al.  iduM  i  :->u^  p«-<>- 

pli-  i|.-\  i-  r  ii\  f|  an\  \\  hi-: .  .  \\  I. •;]:••;  Mr .'  ',.1  :  >•  \  i  i ' '.  aii-!  •!<  p'-:d'-!i'  •  ni.ulf 
:  I  if  n ;  ^>  "  u  oi  id  i  •.  HI>  k  in  !  I  «  i!1  not  -;-ip  ;•••!••  i  !•-.  t-nt  it  :-  -••lon^li  to  -«a\ 
i  ha!  (lit-  lati-li-xtrii)./  \\  ,i-  .i'\\  i\^  mi:.  'I'ln-  i:, TII.I* »•-  1-1  !'»••  i-al'in  u.  •  ••  rfa-l> 
i-n!i\  i«l»-  '.In- lie-l  thf '<  lit'!  A;  !h  ihf  lnnr/r\  -!  t  in-_'«-i .  \o.,;_'til  »\a^t.io 
•  lark  oj-  ,|onn\ .  no  >\\  (||.'  io,  i  \\  •  ;.-  oi  ,)••  .-p  -'.  !i.-n  <li-.)i> •-.>»!  >i'-k  U.-SN  i;!.-il 
|oi  h.-ip.  \\ln-i!  ;i  in. HI  \v,inlf'i  a  •  .iliin  i'a: -•••!  <•<  '..<•••  (.<-'\  in-! p.  a  -;!iip!f 
not  !••!•  u  a-  ^iilli'-i'  i.;  lo  in.ii-."  '!•.••  M'-i^iii  -uin!  !••  i\  -•  ll:'-sr  o\v  n  \\.«rk 

an-!  L'I'.  of'l.-n  as  t'ar  a-  lour  oy  |JM-  !ii:'f>.  A:..!  i"  tin-;.  \\..uM  .IT!  >!:•!  \\  it!i- 
oil!  a^kinu'  a  I  MII  it  M  if  in.  ill'--  if!  i  Mp-'ii  u  h  i!  p.ii  •  .•!  i .... !  ^ 

u!  ••• -n  i -art  1 1  I  if  ^  .1-^    l>oru.  'i-  i'M  pr  ••-••  »r  :  •  \\  .n  .1 

oilier  than  thiil   >'i  -h  kin  Im  I    ""ni'-t  ::iif  > 

\\  i-hf.l  tiial  l!,.-  pi   MI  ;: 
;  'u- -.r  >!.i\  •-  \\  Iti-n  \OH  M.-I    ;  in 
an«l  Man.!  l.\    .o  i  i.l 
OIM-  t|;i\  aif!    .'     • 
IIP!  Ill--  ni>  n  ..'I'1 
marks  o|  .  i\i!;/  i,  :..;i 


688  HISTORY    OK    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

the  ini;rhty  dollar.     Kven   tin-  talcs  of  the  trials,  difficulties  and  hardships, 

the  deprivation*  and  snfferiiiLrs  of  the  early  settlers,  when  told  and  repeated 
to  the  present  tii-ii'Tat  ion .  are  received  with  doubts  or  indifference.  Yet  will 
I  venture  to  call  to  mind  I  he  life  in  the  cabin  with  some  of  its  incidents  as  I 
saw  it.  Then-  \\>TC  hut  few  of  my  (ierinan  coiinli  \  men  in  Seneca  when,  in 
the  Mimni'-r  of  I ->:;:;.  1  came  to  tin*  place  with  my  father's  family.  The  lary;e 
number  h\  i'ar  came  and  1m  tied  afterward,  and  as  you  pass  through  the 
counts  iiou  .  and  ob*er\  e  a  vast  ••I>nti-h  barn."  with  many  well  cultivated 
i'r'lds  i'«'iind  about,  and  a  slateh  mansion  with  orchard,  gardens  and  cvery- 
thiic^  denoting  and  speaking  of  Hie  comforts  of  life.  \ou  ask  who  lives 
there  '?  and  | 'i  rii;i  ••  -  .  on  .\iHbeioU.  that  that  '^ray-headed  venerable  look- 
ing old  man  >i>  i  ina  on  \ondi-r  porch,  "smoking  his  pipe  of  clay,"  entered 
for!\  a>Tes  oi  tand  \\heii  hi  lii'st  came  from  ( iermany.  for  which  he  paid 
!i;'t>  dollar-,  all  I  he  money  he  had.  and  perhaps  a  part  of  1  hat  was  borrowed 
from  a  friend.  Kiuhl  baek  of  where  his  brick  honse  now  is  he  built  for  him- 
self a  >mall  cabin  and  made  a  little  opening  lonnd  a  bunt  it  tor  a  garden,  a 
little  l na-k  pai  h  for  corn  and  ]iutatues.  lie  was  voting  then,  and  his  yonn.i,r 
\\  ife  ,:^-i-le<i  him  in  hi*  hard  \\ork.all  she  conld.  to  lix  up  their  home  in 
the  fores;  a*  best  th.-\  .  oi;ld  under  the  circumstances.  Now  their  money 
v,,!*  all  ^onc.  .Moi'c  was  needed  to  u'ct  a  cow.  some  lio^s,  tools,  a  wai^o 
uvn.  elc..  and  witho!!l  which  no  further  progress  upon  the  forest  could  be 
in:  '.«•.  The  chances  to  earn  money  in  the  neighborhood  were  very  bad. 
\o,.od\  had  an\  to  p;n  witli  as  a  ji»'iieral  tiling,  and  the  few  that  had  could 
hiii  .1  laborer  vcr\  clu-ajt.  At  >•">  and  si;  a  month  it  took  a  lon.t;  lime  to  buy 
t  lni-,1-  necessaries.  :;nd  to  li\  e  and  not  die  of  despondency  under  such  circnm- 
slancc->  look  mure  MvMvl  courage  than  we.  in  these  degenerate  days,  jxissess. 
Tlie  endurance  and  self-denial  of  the  men  and  women  of  those  days  is  be- 
\ond  the  puuer  of  a  pen  to  desci'ibe.  Imagine,  now,  that  cabin,  miles  away 
fn>!u  any  neighbor,  \\ith  only  a  very  crooked  road,  marked  by  blazed  trees, 
leadinir  1"  i!  :  daik  forests  all  around  and  a  small  opening  made  by  the  little 

clear!  1 1  LT  to  sc'-  I  mil's   b!l|e  >|<\  . 

The  neaiv-1  pnlilic  \\urk  u'nere  money  could  be  earned  was  the  Dayton  iX 
.\!ii-hi'_ra!i  canal.  l"o  mile-  awa>.  Here  necessity  compelled  him  to  leave  his 
wife  and  little  MHO  and  work  on  !  lie  canal  all  summer,  returning  home  .in 
the  fail,  u  hoi  |nil.!ic  \\  ork  \\  as  slujiped.  and  I  huseconomi/in.n'  wit  h  his  earn- 
iie.:-.  ini|>ru\ed  i'ne  eiiiiiihiini  of  his  famll\.from  lime  to  time,  until  the 
d.-ariim  had  enla  enop^h  io  produce  the  support  of  lite,  and  perhaps 

somei  iiil!'.r  |.  .r  ni;:  rke!  . 

Did  >un  i  \e;  think.  \\\\  friends.  ho\\  tho-e  pioneer  women  must  have  felt 
to  In-  ;  lni-  \>  \  i  iluiie  in  ihe  \\iid  forest,  for  week. s  and  months,  all  summer 
and  fall.  v.  :i  ii  i  in-;;  ill  1  ie  ui;i->.  and  noboil\  to  see  to  and  protect  them  'J.  Von 
l.:ii ii  -.  \\  liu  ii',  i-  iii  i !  e  lap  of  lii\nr\  and  rdinemeiil .  cn.jo\  in.u'  1  he  products 
ol  nal  uri  and  ait.  d  id  \oii  e\er  i  liink  how  1  ho-c  nolile  pioneer  mothers  lived 
1  nioii-li  ;  ii.i,.  ,\ear>  \ear*oi  hardship  V  The  oni>  way  that  <-an  l>e  account- 
ed I'oi  i-.  !he\  pntilii-ii  U'i-;  in  <nn|.  iin!  to  return.  Aft'-r  several  sum- 
mi -i  -•  \s<>ri\  i  MI  I  h<-  e;iiial.  and  ha\  inn  a  ieani  of  oxen,  the  little  clearing  be- 
cann  larger,  and  i  in- cumioii-,  of  life  u'raduall\  increased.  <  )t  her  families 
M-Ulinu  i  io>e'.  bv .  all  hand-  joined  to  open  out  a  road  to  some  mill  or  market. 
The  uideM  <;i  the  children  yre\\  up  lar.ue  enough  to  be  of  some  help  at  tin; 


A1TKSMX.  6Sy 

!IUUM\  «ii  to  rln>p.     Thc\   all   uuikrl.  ><niiitr  an-!   nM.  ami  th»-  little  entry  of 

1'itrly  ariv>  inrir.iM'd  in  M/r  l<>  a  .piai  t«T  scrti.ni,  all  paid  l"«>r.  \\  ith  all  tln-.se 
tin  •  iini>r»\  rim-nit  \i.ii  M-I-  all  atuiind.  \«>  .>in-  a-ki-d  a  !'a\i>i-«if  linn  in  vain. 
K\rr  ivai|>  and  willing'  li  In-lp  uh.Tr  In-  muld.  |lt-  h,^  th<-  l..\,-  and  irsjNvt 
of  I  la-  rut  in-  ii'-ii;hli.  irhuii  I.  \\  liilr  lit-  rii|»>  -.  in  ln-i  '!••<  limn-.,'  >!•..!•>.  tin-  fruit 

ot    .1   U  rll   ->prn;     lllr. 

TltN  little  pi. -tlllr  hits  lillt  I'r\\  IP>W.  Thr  larger  nuillliiT  lia\r  lulii;  •*. lirr 
i,'u!ir  I"  thr  ir  luiii,'  ll'Mllr.  1  ),.|i'l  d«^p;sr  tlir  little  r.il.IM  that  \mi  Mia)  >«-t  see 

I'riu  lining  a>  }"ii  ^'liilr  aii  111-4;  )uin  nii-i-  ruad-  in  \->in  r.i>\  p!,«  a!"h.  It  was 
ulii-r  thr  li'Uiir  o|  lu\r  and  lia|i|>iin-.s.  l.ittlt-  (••«•!  d.uii-.-d  i-ln-n  i!\  "\  1-1  that 

l'iiiii-|i.-i.ii  I'l-m  .  and  1  h'-  u'i'ral  \<  >-,r  lit  ••  i  n  t  hat  rhiinnr>  rlp-i-inl  tin-  ininativ> 
on  in  in \  a  l"ii_r  \\  nil'-r  --\  i-n;i;-_r.  and  u  it ii'-^x-d  tin-  hak  ni'_r  "!'  !•••!  n  l>n  ad  <»u 
Ihr  liai'U  ul  an  "Id  -dio\rl  iuiii\  \i-ar>.  Tin-  h«'inin\  li|n  -k  \\a^  a>  iiidi->|i«'n*>- 
al>lr  a-  thr  rill.-.  Tin-ir  ni--al  \\a>  •_'.tni'-.  and  lln-ir  l-n-ad  <>l  •  ••«.  n  un-al  ua> 
in  id--  ii|t"ii  a  I'l.in  a>  rural  .1-^  thr  rmn  \\a>  rrdii'-rd  i.>  ni'-.i!.  ll"\\  du  \uu 
suppler.  uu\\ .  that  ha\  inii  nritlirr  a  ln>i  ^r  ii<>r  an  u\  t"  l.ik<-  a  tit  1  !>•  rm  n 
aua\  u||  |,i  -M.IM  •  mill  lu  ._;ri  it  ^i»und.  tin-  laiuils  •_'••!  ni'-.il  t-  m.tkr  hrrail 
\\ith'.'  Take  an  uld  >lm\rl  ur  a  pi.-rr  ><\  >hr.-t  n ,  ,ji.  j.iini-h  i!  1  Hi!  ut  hi. I.--, ; 
thru  lakr  an  rar  uf  dr\  i-«>ni  and  rull  it  u\rr  il .  lik.-  «\  .-i  a  ^'!  a!'-i .  and  niral 

|>  prudlli-ril  -iu\\l\  lull  >lirr!\.  aihl  lln-l:  ru|  II  -d..  i-_T'-!--.  .|i.!i!)li\  r.lkr.  hoc 
rakr  ul  pulir.  lIllllL,''-]'  III, IV  1  ir  a  ^«»i\  rnnk.  l.lli  \ulir  lilir  pa->tr\  U'-Vl-f 

taM'-d  ni'-.-r  lii.in  thr  rui'n  lurad  in  idr   1>>  tin-  pjunrrr  ui-ilhri^. 

I ,  idir>.  h"\s   \\  mild  \  mi  nuu   iikr  1. 1  _',-t  up  .1  diiniri  1'T  ,i  !,[]_',•  lain:  I  \  u  ilh- 

Olll   ;i   ru,  ikillU   ^li  '\  •-.  1 1 1    ail>    iillirl1  u|'  thr  Ulu  drill    < -u||  \  rll  ii-lirr-,    111    hull^rkrrp- 

inir.  u\  IT  a  ln_r  lu-  lirr.  u  ith  nullnim  I  ml  ,i  !un-_r-handl'-d  >ki!lit .  I  i;it«-h  »\  m. 
and  ii'un  krltli-y  It  \\uuld  pu//!«-  >uii  ->uinr.  I  think.  \<\  it  \\  a>  a  luny 
tiiur  alt'-r  tin-  fu>t  -rtllrrs  raiiir  ii.-n-  lirim-r  ail>l'«'ls  -viu  a  «-..ulxinn 
Stuvr. 

Srttlrr^  I' TO  in  thr  ra>trni  statrs.  \\  hu  had  ;i  lil !  Ir  iuunr\  and  talki-d  1  inirlish, 
faivd  hrtlrr:«  >ta\rd  at  huiMi- and  \\Aikrd  thrir  ua>  thi.-iii:h.  Thu-i-  that  1 
have  di-M -ril  ird  \\  'Tr  ni\  cuiint  i'\  nirii.  and  tin-  I  ri>h  •><•!  i  |ri  ^.  \s  in  >  tm  >k  up  tin- 
la  nd  s\  r>;  ui'  t  hr  San«lu>k>  1 1\  n\  and  M-U  l«-d  in  thr  \\  nil'  m-rk. 

I  \\Hllld  hf  plra>ri|  tti  i^ivr  _SU||M>!U,'  ..['  thr  i  IP  '  idr  U  \  ->  i  '1  ral  i>  li  !'••  ill  nil! 
<r.  iud  u!d  ruliut\  and  >lnTt  >krtrhr>  ul'  Ihr  li\r->  ul'  thr  Ulrll  alld  \\ulllrll  \\llu 

tir>t  luratrd  iii  rarh  tuuii^hip.  lull  inii^l  al»taiu. 

I    V  'ullld    Iikr  !"   ni'-lit  jiill   thr   lialllr->     "1      thi-     li  T>I    >'  'I  1 1'  T-<  i  >\     rar  h   t  uU  !|>ll  ip 

I  ha\r  rnllri-ird  ni.;i!>  ut'  thriii.  hill  I'ur  1'rar  that  I  nnu'lil  ini^-  *-"\u<-  «\  thrin 
I  \\ill  nut  nan.'r  an>.  Aiuun'_r>!  thriu  ua>  un<-  -Mildirr  ui  tin-  ir\u!i;lii>u  and 
in;in\  that  \v  m-  in  t  hr  u  ,11  «\  1  >1  J. 

>u  rapid  \\a^  'hi-  inrs'ra^r  ul  pupulatiun  that  lYuiu  tin-  t;nir  th»>r  lands 
urn-  lir^l  liruiiiihl  intu  ni.nki-I  and  up  I"  !s:;u.  Sriirra  *  unt  linrd  'i.l  >~!  -^uiils, 
iurludiir^  'I'itlin.  ;d>u'i'  uin-  halt  ul  thi-  p:r-«  n!  pujiu'iati.'U  •'!  t!i:>  '  il\.  Thr 
inll'ix  ut  rium !  Ml  luii  in  thr  nr\t  ii-n  \r.ir-<  \\a^  -"  irii.i!  lli.ti  in  !^l>p  \\r  had  a 
pupu  1  at  iun  i  ii  1  >.  |:;'i.  ! ;  M-I-III^  Iikr  a  dn-am  u|  lanr\  thai  in  !  hr  >hu;  t  lil'r  uf 
ulir  man  a  i  nun!  \  Iikr  ui;i  ^  -^liuuld  i.r  t  u;  m-d  1 1 .  im  a  h"\\  '. ;n^  ; • .;  ,•-.]  ;.•  t  hr 
slatr  u|'  inipi  uv  rnii-iit .  u|'  \\rallhaiil  1 1  ii:,i-nii  ii!  Iha;  •»•  :n-f.i  !)••«  pi  •  -••!!!•>. 
\'a^!  lirid-  ;n  a  U"ud  -tali-  u!  ruli  i\  at  ;uii.  i':nr  n  -.di  n>  i  -  all  ••%•  :  ;  !.•  •  •  •  -un!  \  . 
iiiilh.  fartunr-,.  r.iiiru.id-..  •"•! 1  hu-i^r-  and  <  lnii.-ln-^.  p::n:.i.^  p-«  -  and 

Jll'\\  NpaplT.-,.    pu-lnlliri'S  allil    trlr^'IMph-.     alld     r\.-l\thll:^     lliatl.al         •     .Hid    alt 

il 


6()0  HISTORY    OF    SKNKCA    COUNTY. 

can  contribute  to  elevate  our  people  higher  and  still  higher  in  the  scale  of 
humanit  \ .  ami  I  I'eel  jnstitieil  when  I  say  that  on  the  score  of  wealth,  health, 
morals  and  intelligence,  old  Seneca  has  no  superior  amongst  her  neighbors. 

Let  me  say  a  lew  words  about  Titlin.  .losiah  1  ledges  laid  out  Tittin  proper 
in  IsiM.  Fort  I'.all  had  alread\  been  located  by  Mr.  Spencer.  The  postotlice 
was  over  there  and  some  of  the  most  inlluential  of  the  early  settlers  lived  in 
Fort  Ball.  The  troubles  between  the  rival  proprietors  of  these  villages  were 
at  tinie^  ver>  severe,  !>ut  ended  in  the  purchase  by  Mr.  Hedges  of  the  entire 
plat  of  Fort  Ball,  and  the  location  of  the  court  house  on  the  Titlin  side  of 
thcri\cr.  Fort  Ball  was  named  after  Lieutenant-Colonel  James  V.  Ball. 
the  commander  of  a  squadron  of  cavalry  under  i  Jeneral  I  larrison.  Titlin 
wa-  named  al'ter  101  ward  Titlin.  who  was  the  first  governor  of  <)hio  after 
her  organi/alion  as  ;:  stale,  and  a  particular  personal  and  |)oiitical  friend  of 
Mr.  Hedges.  Your  humble  servant  had  the  honor  of  being  the  last  mayor 
of  the  old  town  of  Tillin  and  the  lirst  mayor  of  the  cit\  of  Tillin  upon  the 
union  of  the  two  villages.  Let  me  remind  you  of  the  old  sycamore  that 
Mood  on  the  rinht  bank  of  the  ri\er  now  in  Mechanicshiirg.  The  boundan 
line  oi'  ili;'  city,  as  then  or^ani/.ed.  ran  through  the  sycamore  soutliwardly. 
Forty-three  years  au'o  a  couple  of  exiled  (iennan  hoys  formed  a  closer  ac- 
qiiaintanci  and  friendship  under  that  tree  one  that  lasted  for  life.  When 
the  eit)  council  entru-led  the  description  of  the  boundaries  of  the  new  city 
t"  me.  i  described  tli.it  tree  as  a  laud-mark.  The  tree  and  one  of  those  boys 
lia\e  long  since  passed  away.  The  residence  of  l»r.  Ilovey.  in  the  second 
\\  ard.  covers  a  part  of  the  ground  \\  here  the  old  fort  stood. 

In  l^\«  the  population  of  the  several  villages  in  Seneca  was  as  follows  : 
Attica 1  Is 


IJepllblic 

Spriic_r\  ille :;."> 

Sidphiir  ^prinu'- '-•> 

Time  \\  JH  not  permit  me  to  >;ive  yon  anytliin.it  like  a  slat  1st ical  statement 
of  the  resources  of  thi- county.  \llo\\  me  onl\  to  sa\  that  Seneca  in  the 
scale  of  \\e:dth.  ]>•  <\ <\ i lal  inn .  etc..  is  an  a \eraire  count\  amoim'st  the  ei.Li'hty- 
eiL.dit  counties  of  the  state. 

In  1  ^7'i  -he  had  a  |»-pn  lal  ion  of  "U.sJ^.  I  n  1  ^7">  she  harvested  the  cro]>  of 
"i  l.o  •••  i  a<-re-  of  wheat.  In  l-^yr,  -,|;e  pa\  s  s-j|  t.onii  taxes.  1 1  er  public  buildings 
ma>  not  lie  of  the  best .  hut  her  school-  and  other  inst  it  nt  ions  of  learning  are 
tin!  -urp.i.  -e.|  in  an\  coiint\  ai'oimd  her.  She  is  one  in  only  eighteen  conn- 
tie-,  in  the  state  that  i-  not  in  debt.  Her  people  commit  lesscrime  compared 


M'l'F  N  !'!  \.  (>•>! 

with  IIIT  IN  i|  Dilution  th  in  ;in\  nt  I nT  ••'  Hint \  in  ;hi-  Matt-.      \\  <•  ha\i-  nu  p;ui|'«-r> 

ni  in  i  inn  at  laix'i1.  In  all  '[(-part nn-iit  -  ••!  lilV.  !i  -i  '-it  I/--M-  u  !m  !i.i\  ••  ai''iimv.| 
hoiKtrahl"  ili>t  in.  ti"!i  an-  >i-l!  •iu.i'1--  iii--ii  <lii-  '-milm-i  at«--  IJ.ii«»>  rliiMlvu 
flit  i  lli-  1  I' i  tin-  U-ii'-rit  -  "1  :  !n-  r.i!iilil":i  •<  li""|-v  .HP  I  \>  iv  -  ^7  I.H.KI  |M-r  V.-  n  I'.ir 
tln-ir  '•  In  -.itinii.  Tlii-  ]'••;•• .iu ,il  ,ui,l  iv. i!  jiiMjii-i  t  \  of  tlii- ••••Milt  \  f. •: • '.  i\  i!-N- 
|»tir|nisi-s  iin -n-asi-il  t'n Mil  aln nit  -••  iNKi.tt.tii  n,  I  ^  >ti  t..  IH-.H  1',  -  I  -.>**>  <••'  .:.  1  -7J 
In  l^_''i  In-!'  !a\f^  >lii|  ii"!  i-\i  i-i-'i  -  :'xi. 

i'.i it  I  tin  ^:  '•!"-••.  an  I  in  -•  -l-iitu'  !••'  :if  :«-!i«-  i <.-•*••  a  -li-n  :  •  !••  "it  tin  l'":n  tli 
nl'.l'i'\.  !•.  an  :inkip>'.\n  anUi<.'  I'  -  ^••\1-i\  m.i  !i  ;:i  h  ,i  Mi-'ii1.  \\i'h  tin- 
-~i'!i  il  nt'  thi-  fi--ti\i-  '"  i-a^inii 

••   'I',,    l!,,-     .  |U',    s    \\  ||,i    ^|M,'K.'.    |.i 

!'•  i  '  ii--  -la\   .i:i'!  '  li'-  •[••••  I  '    .-•  ii  ti  (•  -'  :  .  !i  _'  •  •!   _'''•:'•   . 

I.-  •  th,-  ...iij  "I  Ih.      .!.-.:..    i  i. 

\n  i  ;!i.-  t. .n_'. i, •  -!  ;!!••  ••'..•:  ,   >•.:  ••.•   :i;.-    ;  .;  . 


\\    r 

A-  ih"  i'a:nl" 
\Vli-iv  it.--  !M 
\n,i  ih.-  '..-.!• 

Th-t  an-  -  -n 
-h  il!  u.-  -\.-: 
I,-:  -•!!  ,  MI, 
An-!  "• 


,|i-lilil\    iiji.ui  li,"  ;,|.  in.  ,ri".  ..I  .ill  ;.!,•--!••        Tie-  i-.i 

in    ill"    M^H.ll    111. I!!  I!"!'. 

The  rrli -lira!  i"! i  \^  a ->  a  •-: I* •'•!•-->  m  .  \  .-i  ••  \>.\\ '  •• 
rr.-.ht  n|'  !  In  .lit!"!. -nl  ".  >iiiiniiii  •  -  .iii'l  <•:}'«  >-i  > 

At  nielli,  ''ii  tip-  i m ! i'.:  ^  |iiaii-.  lln-  '!.~;''.i. 
I'!\  CIA  !  hiiiu'  jM-^-'i'il  "11  -a!  1--I  ai't":  i! '.  .  an- 1  il  u  a^  a 
aMr  iicca^iuii. 


ERRATA. 

•Y— 7th  line  from  top  read  Captain  "  Ha^by." 

1  11  liMh  line  from  top  read  ".John    Keller." 

ill.",  loth  line  from  bottom  read  "  ( inmimel." 

:>ii7  loth  line  from  foot  read  "  (,».  M.  (ieneral." 

.'177  oil i  line  from  top  read  "  tussnc  "  for  "  tissue." 

:i>7  :'>d  line  from  lop  read  "  \Vinweiler." 

I1J  tith  line  tVom  to))  read  "  Stalter." 

ll'.i  llth  line  from  bottom  read  "  l-'eldkuemmels  lioeh/eitstag. 

li!l  Last  line  read  "  base  drum." 

!.",:_'  loth  line  from  bottom  read  "  Tecumseli." 

t"iO  1^'th  line  from  top  read  "  people." 

\1  \  liottom  line  read  "  of  "  after  the  word  "  lint's.'' 

tint  .">d  line  from  bottom  read  "Slianls." 

"iiMi  l.'.th  line  from  bottom   I'ead  "cliiefs." 

out;  iM  line  from  bottom  read  •'southwest  quarter." 

•".07  ±Jd  line  from  top  read  "camel-back  bridge." 

•"ill-  ItHh  line  from  bottom  read  "  Levi  Creasey." 

•'i-\  sth  line  from  bottom  read  "  ^"in.u'st  family." 

")ii4  -stli  line  from  top  read  "  N.  1'orls  A;  Co." 

(114  tith  line  from  top  read  •'  Mrs.   Whitney." 

•).'!•")  In  "  sheriffs"  read  "  Weirick  "  for  "  Wurick."' 


INDEX 

A 


all.  C..I..1H-I 
all.  LMiii'   •  •! 
au'li.^  .  •  '-'pi  i:n 
auk- 

apt!-!  i-lini    ! 
.-irra.-k.  .1.   \\ 
at   l'i->i  i\al.. 
alt'H-.  (triii-ial 
atll.-    Maii'l 
ca\ri.   tin-. 


.\ca«!i-lti\  .    Fu-'liiria  .  .  .     .Vi 

A'l,  mi-.  IVn\    M    .  .  :SM 

A'lani^  t»u  n^hip  ......................  ..!'>''.  IT  I      17  " 

Am'ifiillnral  \\nrks  ..............  ..:'.''' 


Ami.-  ..........  I'll 

All'ivi-lit.  Aii-li'-u  ............  .    'j,M 

AIIU  a\  .  \\'  iiliain  ..........................  .    .  1  l't 

AiH'ifiit  (  )nliT  M|'  II  ilM-niiaii-  ......  ..:;!'• 

A  ppt-inlix  N-i  I  ......................    .  »»".'! 

N,,.   j  ...................................  .  .^.-J 

N...    ::  ...................................  ..7't 

A  nn>    rn;iil>   ..............  »>, 

Anii-t!--.ir_r.  l{"t'i-ri  .................  ]  j:, 

Ann^l  roil'.:.  V\illi.ini    \V  .....  ..•!!_' 

Arin'1'1.  William.  .   i(»i 

Arri\  al  in  Tiilin    ...  'JI7 

Asst-ml>l>  .  iin-iiitiiTs  ni'  .............  j;;^ 

Attica...  -.I'i 


11 

PAGE. 

Bt'anl,  .John ~>07 

Bf nch  ami   Bar .'5-">l 

J5f  t  ween  tlif  lou's 7:5 

liiir  Sprinu:  township 174 

Biir  <>dle 41'.') 

Biir  Spring 4<Sii 

Bishop.  David 174 

Bin-hard.  .J i i»l Lrf l.'iS 

Blackmail's  Corners 14!) 

Blackstrap :M<> 

Bloom  township ](i"i.  4!»ii 

Blue  .lackft S(> 

lioyt-r's  tamily.  Dr i'.~)0 

Bonn  if .  S ].")" 

lioLT  ii'on J:;."> 

Bollinu-fr.    Philip iL'i* 

UoN.ls 4'.f2 

Bowc.  Frastns 144 

Brcdoon's  death : ^.",0 

Brohl.  1  If  ni'\ :;:>4 

]5iv\vcr.  N.  I :;s:t 

Brish.  I  If  nr>  ( ' oil.") 

•s    in  Pleasant ..'>!:•> 


1  \\ 
Jin 
I'ds 
i;iJ 
ll!i 


L':i4 
:;>,:; 


i  'a  hi  1 1  I  in  i  Id  in:: 1  s'> 

Canal,  work  mi   tin- L'lti 

Canal  tax ~1 

Carolin,' UHi 

C  it    s\\ainp> -\'-'> 

Catholic  chapel JH 

Campl.fll.    William J4S 


<  ';i.s>.  l.cu  i>.  N-lt.T  •  •! 

<  '.i\r.   Hi.-    ____ 

<  '••ii!«-ii!i;,il  in   Al!i<M 

<  Vnlriiii  i.i!    111  Ti'liii 

<  YllMI-   ,-t'    !--" 


I'll.  .|,T.4. 

<  'Inn.  -In--. 

<  hill  '!l     'I  1!  I'.'l'  'I  >  . 

<  'In  IMIII.I-.  .1  .  U 

<  'Inirn    !.i<  t.  i\'\   ,    . 

<  l.irk'-  r\|>r.!:u.,| 
(  :;nt«ui   !••«  n-lii;' 
r,,!\vi-!I.  N.  !'. 

(  ,.1.|  n.-.-k 


(  ii  n't  ':"ii  --f  1  iiinit 

(  '.mil   ci  i.  ik  !!!'_' 
(  '.  illlit  ir>    ••:  'J.l  !!;,!•'  I 
(  '  i  1  1  1  !  i  .   !  '.    U  i  1  1  1    I  I!  i  !  i  ;  1  1  1 
(  'olllltN    MlJi.-rl  -    HI    I- 

<  .  .  \v  .  !  i  •  r  v  .  (  »  i  :  M  •  r  .    .  . 

<  '.  'iiil'->oi  K'-  'if.'it  ti  .   . 
«  '  .  i  !  \\  M  i  .  '  1'  1  1  1  1  1  1  1  ;  •  --  .      . 

<  O"U'-.  !\;iilhi  !  U-.   - 

<  !  i-A  !••;  I.    \\  :'.'  ,.nu    - 


<  !  I. 111.  .)<  >l.!l 
(    I  . .  W  .  . 

<  I  «\\  f.i  .    *»:t!li 


IV  INDEX 

D 

PAGE. 

Dal  ton's  speech 23 

Davis.  William 4!»!» 

Dawalt.  .John ">4:-i 

Deer  haulms IIS 

Dildine.   Frank :'>s:5 

Dili  line.  Danie! ">i:i 

Dickinson.  K Iti7 

Dirs^e  of  I  he  Stale  House  lie  11 (it JO 

Ditto.  ,  I  oh  n ">24 

DOLT  dance 07 

Doc k\ve Her.  John -"ill) 

Drake 14:? 

Dre-bach.  Dr.  Fl> :?s<) 

Drift _:?:? 

Driinkennos.  cure  of ^4") 

Druids.  I  .  A.  () :;i<) 

Du  t  -el 24!) 

Duniond'-.  Isaac  I..  -|n-ech D4 


a  ft  In  1 1  lake,  the ((.{() 

licne/er  church i_>!il 

den   to\vn>lii|i • ."iiM 

•^tit-rt.   I' rial i .'(70 

lections  iii  to\vn>lii|is it;;; 

lection,  lil'st    cull  nt >' It;.") 

nu'li>h  Lutheran  church 2S7 


F 


'isher. 

'lunniie!  fi  li.  ('orneliu 

'Iniiinierfelt  .   D.  \' 

'I;,!    IJock      M-C   TllOlllpX 

'(inl.  -I'll  ni-nn 

'ort    l.axM'enci- 

'of!    KecovetA 


44 

Si 

.14-' 


F'>rt  I  '.all  ;irtilli-i'\    .  .  . 
K"i'i->l  riil;  iirr  ........ 

Kurt  i!i<-.it  ion-',  anrii  nt 
Fust.-r.   ('    W 

Fi'Mi-r.  <  iiai  •'«•-     ..... 
Fi'^t"!  ;,t  lau  \.-rs.      . 
Fi'M<>!  m   aiM'li-riiv  ... 


Fn-t.uia 
Kniik.  'I' 


vi  1NUKX. 

FAOK. 

Hopewell   townsii'  i  % UK;,  r>40 

Ilottal. .!.  K :5S3 

H.»sler.  .Jacob r,(K) 

Holt/.  .Jacot> .">±_> 

Holds -24.1 

Hurst'    race 120 

Howard.  .Joseph :!7:> 

Hnblurd.   l>r.  K-  15 :{:•« 

Hulimrt..Judife 1:T) 

Hull,  (ieneral -Id 

Hunter's  mill 14ii 

Hurons.  h-tft'iid  of  tlie 7ti 

Hurricane,  the (>4.'{ 


Iiilinnary 421 

In.nliain.  Mis.  Sall\ lil.  li!.s 

Insurance  companies :;40 

Irvine.  <  ient-i'al it 

Islands  of  Krie    ode .">;; 


J 


Jack  si  m's  proclai  nation Hi] 

.Jack>on  township 17").  ")4(> 

.Jail Ifiii.  17:; 

,Ja<|ua.  Hit-hard 1">1 

.Jerks,  tin- 114.1 

Ji.u'n-ers -2\c> 

Jol in ny  cake iss 

.  I  oil  II  sol  I.    Colonel 4S 

.1  nd Lie  Tappan .'IS 

.Jmlicial  districts :;.">:; 


K 


Kell.-r.  .John o()."j 

Kelle\ .  1  !en  jamin ."is 4 

Kelley.  Cliarles -c'l 

Kell.^LT.  I'.I-' 1.-.7 

Keppel.  (..  15 :is:{ 

Keppel.  II.    (' :{S4 

Kershaw.  W.  L .'{*.-> 

K i H lourne.  Colonel MO 

K illtourne  road   1H2 

Kitelien  furniture .  .l.S.s 


Kiiiirsffil.  Martin V.N 

Kni-H*-) _•!!!"• 

Kmirht.   I»r   ...  IT, 

Kniiriii^  "i  p\ tin.f>  ...  n 

Kliiirhl-  «l     I  I. -!i..r  ;  J  J 

Km  i'1'i-i ,  I'M.I.  t  t    <  Lij 

KI it-ii  !'_'>aaiin  it.  Anti'ii  n>\ 

K  Illlll.     I  >!  .     I  I'Mi!  \      .  .••] 


l.iin.l  ^;ili-^ !..| 

J  .;UlL,''^.   1 1' HI  ^  .  l.tliu!' •_'  ,| 

I  ,;iir_c.  ^^  illiani :•*, 

l.anu'.  I.:U:i>'Il'    I..  .>-', 

1  ,:inili«T--'  Hi.  1  laiih-l      .  .  ^^ 
1  ,;i\\  M 


viii  INDKX. 

PAGE. 

McKinley 13 

McMeens.  Dr.  Kol»-rt r,(l.  470 

Me  F. wen.  William '>'1'2 

McCnlclien.  Joseph I'l 

McCnlloch.  William 14"> 

McNeal.  Mi  lion KM 

Mc<  'anle\  .John .'X! 

Me  I 'he! -on.    William r,-J.-> 

M.  !•:.  el iiiivh '11  \ 

Medical  -MM-ieU :«i4 

Mel  mole    a    poem 14S 

Mrt/.irer  I'amih 4s2 

Message,  tlie  tirM (itis 

Mexican  war 4H> 

Miasma I'll.  1'IM 

Militia 41!) 

Moha\\  k    Indian :!07 

Monumental  a»ociat  ion .",0 

Mound  builders 1^0 

Moiit^omerx .   Kev.  James 00 

M.  1'.  church js«> 

Moore.  Maurice iii'4 

Mori  no;  is.  the (U7 

Morri>on  road Kiii 

Mueller.  Chri>t :-!10 

Myers.  James ol/i 

N 

Naylor.  J.  M 4(W 

New  Fort  Mall IK; 

Nol.le.  Harrison :>,^-;,  :;s4 

No!. If.  Wanvn  I1 :;so 

••  No  precious  Ljcin."  etc iso 

Nod.  John . . 4s:i 


Oakley    l|n.    17(1 

O'Connor.  Dr.  .1.  D ;;«).-, 

Odd  l-Yllo\vs :;.|L> 

Otlicei'-.  con II t\ i;j<» 


Ohl  state  house.  tin- 
iur  territory 


.V..K. 


II.   \..  letter  «•!' 


I  'i!  ii-ii'_rt-r.  I  !'-n  i  a  in 
Pittrir-r>-r.  .1.11 
Pleasant  t<i\vn>|iip 
Plank    n>u.ls 
Planr.  .lacol, 
Puliti.-s 
Pork.  I'cttT 
Pnpiilali»M.  I  >MI 


Prc>l.\  tfiian  chui-ft! 
Pn—  ,.   ili.' 

1'iinly.  M;ij<u  .1  ainrs 
Put  n,  tin.    K    . 


Ill 


\  INOKX. 

PAQK. 

Ut'StTvatidiis.  salt-  o!' !(>(> 

KfVt'llllt'S.   Stll-plllS .'ill) 

Krvdhilidiiarv    .•iuldirrs 444 

Kirt'.  ( 'ait-It -">71 

Hirkt-iiliaii.di.    Daviil ~>1."> 

Ris.lun.  Davi^ 144.  Hi.', 

Ki.lulry.  .!.  11 :5S4 

Kdl'ITlS.   'l'illH>lll>     T ")SS 

Kdt-nnnas 7.' I 

Kdllt-i-.  Fn-tlrri.-k oO 

Kdl.insdi!.    Lduvll 4!):i 

Uuic.  Daiiifl 4S4 


Saw  mill  ..................................................................  -M4 

St-ali's.  invdift-  i't'  .........................................................  1^1 

SrhiMi!>  di'  'I'ii'in  ........................  '.  .................................  :iiS 

Si-  i  |  tit  i  t»\\  n^liip  .........................  »  ............................  l(i">.  ")St; 


Sea.  Siiint-\ 
^cai'h-s.  .I«i!  in 
St-i-t  idii> 


Si-m-ca.  .Idlm  Sli-f!  ...................................................  1  is.  l.",1 

Sciii'ca  ttiwiisliip  .....................................................  1  1  ',:',.  .I!!.-; 

St-iit-ca    IJlucs  .............................................................  44i> 

Scity..  l-lldiT  I  j-w  is  ........................................................  4<(i; 

Si  -iii  •>  .  Mi's.  Ann  ..........................................................  L'lKi 

Scut-)  .  .Idslnia  ............................................................  :!(;<; 

Si-iif\  .  (  it-di-^i-  K  ..........................................................  •;~.'") 

Sf-w  al'l  .  I  'hilip  ...........................................................  i1.").") 

Sliawlian.    H.  \\'  ..........................................................  Li'.iT 

Sliakc-  ...................................................................  I']:1, 

Sil\  a.  (  'a  plain  ...........................................................    -Id 

Sink  Itd'o  ............................................................  lilli 

Sla\  IT\  ...................................................................   i'.") 

SldVt-r  ....................................................................    -2-2 

Sld^st-f.  (  it-di-'j-f  ami  I  Vt»T  ................................................  ,-t\-2 

Sn  \ili-;  .  .Idlni   ami  (  'lii-i>t  ...........................................  •_'.")  1  .  i'(i!) 

Sin  i  Hi.   Saiiim-1  ..........................................................  .~>41 

Sdldi,-!--  d|'  llit-  war  df    1-1^  ...............................................  44.-, 

Sdlilicr^  in  Hit-  war  wiih  Mexico  ..........................................  441; 

Sdil.  UK-  ..................................................................  -2-2~> 

Sdiidi-r.  Ht-\  .  .Idlni  ........................................................  .")(»!» 

Sd\v-(liiws-ky  .......................................  .  .  104 


Spjnk.  .laiiir-. 

Si .  <  'lair'>  i-  \|>i-'li!  t'  MI 
t'aiini'.     


xii  INDKX. 

PAGE. 

Topography 222 

Township  lines 157 

Townships  or^ani/.'-.1 1*>.S 

Toncey's.  Naac.  letter -5-5 

Tranli.  ( 'aptain    Lonh 50 

Turner.  Mrs.    II  ichael 550 

U 

Cnite  1  Hivthrcn  chnr.-h 2S7 

V 

I'-i/i  It m:  nil,   salutatory (155 

\'an  Metre   ivser\  e 158 

Van    Mat  re 52!) 

Venice  township <>15 

Venice  to\vn>!iip  in  the  war »>27 


W 


Warner.  Benjamin  F l.'W 

War   reeonls 400 

War  of   \^V1 :!!»,  445 

\Var  u  ith  Mexico llii 

Washington's  sympathy 1(> 

WaxliiiiLTtoii  (iiianis.  . .' 447 

Walton.  Cooper  K :'>72 

Water  works 400 

Wayne':-.  <  ieneral   A  ntliony.  ex  p.1' lit  ion :!1 

Well,  ilowin- '. lilO 

Weleh.    IlllL'h 5:57 

Western    reserve    155 

\Vesiern    .-xchanye  247 

White  Crow 11(5 

Whitney,  Jasper (ill) 

William's.  Dr.    15.   D 57!) 

Willianl.  Dr.    <i.  W 27:{ 

Wilson.  James  P 502 

Winj_rennn<l ].'{ 

Win. 1  mills 190 

Wipin-:stick 44 

Witches,  killing  of 1  iy 

Wo.,.|<'h.ppj.er.    the 182 

Wooli-n    mills .S!)<) 

W,,!i  scalps 171 

Worthiir.'ton.   Jame> !)1 

Wriyht'.s  UnitlM-rs 1 1:5 

\\'van.i..t     treatv.  .  .    71 


Y 


A  ni'-ric.i l'.)5 

-lohii .  .488 


.440 


I   I  i  I  I   il 

I    005  492  923   7 


A  A        iOO     186; 


